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Seidl C, de Lima JM, Leme GM, Pires AF, Stoll DR, Cardoso CL. A Comprehensive 2D-LC/MS Online Platform for Screening of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:868597. [PMID: 35372507 PMCID: PMC8967351 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.868597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuous interest in discovering new bioactive molecules derived from natural products (NP) has stimulated the development of improved screening assays to help overcome challenges in NP-based drug discovery. Here, we describe a unique platform for the online screening of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors without the need for pre-treating the sample. In the current study, we have demonstrated the ability to combine reversed-phase separation with a capillary immobilized enzyme reactor (cIMER) in two-dimensional liquid chromatography system coupled with mass spectrometry detection. We systematically investigated the effects of method parameters that are of practical significance and are known to affect the enzyme assay and interfere in the analysis such as: bioreactor dimensions, loop sizes, amount of immobilized enzyme, second dimension flow rates, reaction time, substrate concentration, presence of organic modifier, limit of detection and signal suppression. The performance of this new platform was evaluated using a mixture containing three known AChE inhibitors (tacrine, galanthamine and donepezil) and an ethanolic extract obtained from the dry bulbs of Hippeastrum calyptratum (Amaryllidaceae) was investigated to provide a proof of concept of the applicability of the platform for the analysis of complex mixtures such as those derived from NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Seidl
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Juliana Maria de Lima
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Mazzi Leme
- SEPARARE Núcleo de Pesquisa Em Cromatografia, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ananda Ferreira Pires
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dwight R. Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Gustavus Adolphus College, St. Peter, MIN, United States
| | - Carmen Lúcia Cardoso
- Grupo de Cromatografia de Bioafinidade e Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Carmen Lúcia Cardoso,
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Thomas Pannakal S, Eilstein J, Prasad A, Ekhar P, Shetty S, Peng Z, Bordier E, Boudah S, Paillat L, Marrot L, Garnier L, Pavan L, Roy N. Comprehensive characterization of naturally occurring antioxidants from the twigs of mulberry (Morus alba) using on-line high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with chemical detection and high-resolution mass spectrometry. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:105-114. [PMID: 34184340 PMCID: PMC9292295 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mulberry tree (Morus alba L.) is a prolific source of biologically active compounds. There is considerable growing interest in probing M. alba twigs as a source of disruptive antioxidant lead candidates for cosmetic skin care product development. OBJECTIVE An integrated approach using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with either chemical detection (CD) or high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) was applied to the hydroalcoholic extract of M. alba to detect and identify lead antioxidant compounds, respectively. MATERIAL AND METHODS The twigs were weighed, powdered and homogenized using a mill and the extract was prepared using 70% aqueous ethanol. The antioxidant metabolites were detected with HPLC coupled with CD (based on the ORAC assay) and their structural identification was carried out using a Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS instrument. RESULTS Using this approach, 13 peaks were detected as overall contributors to the antioxidant activity of M. alba, i.e. mulberrosides (A & E), oxyresveratrol & its derivatives, moracin & its derivatives and a dihydroxy-octadecadienoic acid, which together accounted for >90% of the antioxidant activity, highlighting the effectiveness of the integrated approach based on HPLC-CD and HPLC-HRMS. Additionally, a (3,4-dimethoxyphenyl-1-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1″ → 6')-O-β-D-glucopyranoside was also discovered for the first time from the twig extract and is presented here. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report from M. alba twigs using HPLC-CD and HPLC-HRMS that identifies key compounds responsible for the antioxidant property of this native Chinese medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Thomas Pannakal
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation India, Bearys Global Research TriangleWhitefield Ashram RoadBangalore560067India
| | - Joan Eilstein
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation India, Bearys Global Research TriangleWhitefield Ashram RoadBangalore560067India
| | - Arpita Prasad
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation India, Bearys Global Research TriangleWhitefield Ashram RoadBangalore560067India
| | - Prashant Ekhar
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation India, Bearys Global Research TriangleWhitefield Ashram RoadBangalore560067India
| | - Sanketh Shetty
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation India, Bearys Global Research TriangleWhitefield Ashram RoadBangalore560067India
| | - Zhengang Peng
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation China550 Jinyu RoadShanghai201206China
| | - Eric Bordier
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, Aulnay‐Sous‐Bois93600France
| | - Samia Boudah
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, Aulnay‐Sous‐Bois93600France
| | - Lionel Paillat
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, Aulnay‐Sous‐Bois93600France
| | - Laurent Marrot
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, Aulnay‐Sous‐Bois93600France
| | - Laurence Garnier
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, Aulnay‐Sous‐Bois93600France
| | - Laurent Pavan
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation1 Avenue Eugène Schueller, Aulnay‐Sous‐Bois93600France
| | - Nita Roy
- Advanced ResearchL'Oréal Research and Innovation India, Bearys Global Research TriangleWhitefield Ashram RoadBangalore560067India
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3
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Proteolysis pattern and functional peptides in artisanal Tulum cheeses produced from Mut province in Turkey. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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4
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Öztürk Hİ, Akın N. Effect of ripening time on peptide dynamics and bioactive peptide composition in Tulum cheese. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:3832-3852. [PMID: 33551157 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Skin bag Tulum cheeses traditionally produced in the Central Taurus region of Turkey were studied to identify peptide profiles by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry over 180 d of ripening. After mass spectrometry analysis, 203 peptides were identified: 59 from αS1-casein (CN), 11 from αS2-CN, 129 from β-CN, and 4 from κ-CN. Numbers of αS1- and β-CN-derived peptides increased with increasing number of ripening days due to the dependence of newly formed peptides on proteolysis. However, similar increases were not observed for αS2- and κ-CN-derived peptides. Most identified peptides consisted of β-CN-derived peptides, followed by αS1-, αS2-, and κ-CN-derived peptides. Among these, bioactive peptides were found, including antihypertensive, antibacterial, antioxidant, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitory, metal chelating, skin regenerating, glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion enhancing, opioid, cathepsin B inhibitory, prolyl endopeptidase inhibitory, immunomodulatory, brain function improving, antiamnesic, antihypercholesterolemic, anti-inflammatory, and anticarcinogenic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- H İ Öztürk
- Department of Food Engineering, Konya Food and Agriculture University, Konya, 42080, Turkey.
| | - N Akın
- Department of Food Engineering, University of Selcuk, Konya, 42050, Turkey
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5
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Shen Y, Wang M, Zhou J, Chen Y, Wu M, Yang Z, Yang C, Xia G, Tam JP, Zhou C, Yang H, Jia X. Construction of Fe 3O 4@α-glucosidase magnetic nanoparticles for ligand fishing of α-glucosidase inhibitors from a natural tonic Epimedii Folium. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 165:1361-1372. [PMID: 33049236 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity is an effective way for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epimedii Folium is an important source of α-glucosidase inhibitors (AGIs), however bioactive compounds and pharmacological mechanisms remained unclear. In this study, a novel strategy was established, which harnessed α-glucosidase functionalized magnetic beads to fish out potential AGIs, followed by UPLC-MS/MS analysis for their identification. Furthermore, molecular docking was employed to predict binding patterns between the AGIs and the enzyme, and IC50 values was estimated as well. After response surface methodology optimization, the highest activity of Fe3O4@α-glucosidase has been achieved when 1.17 mg/mL of α-glucosidase was immobilized in phosphate buffer (pH 6.81) for 4.22 h. Moreover, eight flavonoids were fished out from the extract of Epimedii Folium, and then identified to be epimedin A, epimedin B, epimedin C, icariin, sagittatoside A, sagittatoside B, 2"-O-rhamnosyl icariside II and baohuoside I. All of them were further confirmed to be AGIs through in vitro inhibitory assay and molecular docking. Among those, baohuoside I and sagittatoside B possessed stronger inhibitory activity than acarbose. The approach has a significant prospect in conveniently screening bioactive compounds that target various receptors, which provided an efficient platform for new drug development from natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Man Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jinwei Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yufei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mengru Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhangzhong Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chengyu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guohua Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - James P Tam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiaobin Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, China; School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, 639 Longmian Avenue, Nanjing 211198, China.
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6
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Basi Z, Turkoglu V. In vitro effect of oxidized and reduced glutathione peptides on angiotensin converting enzyme purified from human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1104:190-195. [PMID: 30508739 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE, peptidyldipeptidase A, EC 3.4.15.1) plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. In this study, ACE was purified from human plasma by affinity chromatography in single step. The enzyme purified in 5367-fold from human plasma and specific activity was found to be 1208 EU/mg protein. The purity and molecular weight of ACE were determined by SDS-PAGE, which indicated two bands at around 60 kDa and 70 kDa on the gel. Effect of oxidized glutathione (GSSG) peptide and reduced glutathione (GSH) peptide on purified ACE activity were also investigated in which lisinopril was used as reference inhibitor. GSSG showed activation effect on ACE activity whereas GSH provided inhibition effect. In the lights of activity (%) versus activator graph for GSSG and activity (%) versus inhibitor graphs for GSH and lisinopril; IC50 values for GSH and lisinopril were determined to be 16.2 μM and 0.781 nM, respectively. Type of inhibition for GSH and lisinopril from graph Lineweaver-Burk was found to be reversible non-competitive inhibition and Ki constants for GSH and lisinopril were calculated as 11.7 μM and 0.662 nM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehra Basi
- Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, School of Health, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Van, Turkey.
| | - Vedat Turkoglu
- Van YüzüncüYıl University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Van, Turkey
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7
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Guo PC, Shen HD, Fang JJ, Ding TM, Ding XP, Liu JF. On-line high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with biochemical detection method for screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors in green tea. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4281. [PMID: 29744906 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An on-line high-performance liquid chromatography-biochemical detection (HPLC-BCD) method, in which compounds separated by HPLC were on-line reacted with enzyme and substrate solutions delivered by flow injection and the enzyme inhibition signal was collected by UV detection, was developed to rapidly screen α-glucosidase inhibitors from green tea extracts in this study. The chromatographic fingerprints and enzyme inhibition profiles of the different brands of green tea could be simultaneously detected by the on-line HPLC-BCD method. Enzyme inhibition profiles were detected by the UV detector at 415 nm based on the reaction of α-glucosidase and p-nitrophenyl α-d-glucopyranoside (PNPG). PNPG (1.25 mm), α-glucosidase (0.4 U/mL) and the flow rate 0.07 mL/min were applied as optimized parameters to detect α-glucosidase inhibitors in green tea. Four components in green tea showed α-glucosidase inhibition action and three of them were identified as HHDP-galloyl glucose, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate by HPLC-fourier-transform mass spectrometry (HPLC-FTMS). Two brands of green tea derived from Mengding and Enshi mountainous areas might be superior to the other samples in the prevention and treatment of diabetes owing to their stronger activities of enzyme inhibitors. The proposed on-line HPLC-BCD method could be used to rapidly identify the potential enzyme inhibitors in complex matrixes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hua-Dan Shen
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | | | | | | | - Jun-Feng Liu
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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8
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Uhrin P, Wang D, Mocan A, Waltenberger B, Breuss JM, Tewari D, Mihaly-Bison J, Huminiecki Ł, Starzyński RR, Tzvetkov NT, Horbańczuk J, Atanasov AG. Vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation as a therapeutic target. Part 2: Natural products inhibiting proliferation. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1608-1621. [PMID: 29678389 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many natural products have been so far tested regarding their potency to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, a process involved in atherosclerosis, pulmonary hypertension and restenosis. Compounds studied in vitro and in vivo as VSMC proliferation inhibitors include, for example indirubin-3'-monoxime, resveratrol, hyperoside, plumericin, pelargonidin, zerumbone and apamin. Moreover, taxol and rapamycin, the most prominent compounds applied in drug-eluting stents to counteract restenosis, are natural products. Numerous studies show that natural products have proven to yield effective inhibitors of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and ongoing research effort might result in the discovery of further clinically relevant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Uhrin
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Magdalenka 05552, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria; Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Zurich, Wagistrasse 14, Schlieren 8952, Switzerland
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Strada Victor Babeş 8, Cluj-Napoca 400012, Romania; ICHAT and Institute for Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, Cluj-Napoca 400372, Romania
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, Innsbruck 6020, Austria
| | - Johannes M Breuss
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Devesh Tewari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand 263136, India
| | - Judit Mihaly-Bison
- Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstrasse 17, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Łukasz Huminiecki
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Magdalenka 05552, Poland
| | - Rafał R Starzyński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Magdalenka 05552, Poland
| | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, Bonn 53121, Germany; NTZ Lab Ltd., Krasno Selo 198, Sofia 1618, Bulgaria
| | - Jarosław Horbańczuk
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Magdalenka 05552, Poland
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Magdalenka 05552, Poland; Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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9
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A strategy for screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Morus alba root bark based on the ligand fishing combined with high-performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometer and molecular docking. Talanta 2017; 180:337-345. [PMID: 29332820 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.12.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new method based on ligand fishing combined with high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer and molecular docking was established to screen α-glucosidase inhibitors from a traditional Chinese medicine Morus alba root bark. α-Glucosidase was immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles, used as a solid support to incubate with crude extract. After ligand fishing, the eluates were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer, obtaining eleven ligands (1-4, 6-12) eventually. In order to discriminate the non-specific binders and discover powerful enzyme inhibitors, molecular docking was further performed and three of the eleven ligands were optimized to be excellent α-glucosidase inhibitors by the confirmation of isolation and bioassay of individual compounds. These three ligands, sanggenons G (6), O (7) and sanggenol G (12) exhibited striking inhibitory activities with extremely low IC50 values. The results suggest that established method will be applied to a wide range of target protein to screen potential bioactive constituents from herbal medicines.
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Zietek BM, Mladic M, Bruyneel B, Niessen WMA, Honing M, Somsen GW, Kool J. Nanofractionation Platform with Parallel Mass Spectrometry for Identification of CYP1A2 Inhibitors in Metabolic Mixtures. SLAS DISCOVERY 2017; 23:283-293. [PMID: 29262760 DOI: 10.1177/2472555217746323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
With early assessment of inhibitory properties of drug candidates and their circulating metabolites toward cytochrome P450 enzymes, drug attrition, especially later in the drug development process, can be decreased. Here we describe the development and validation of an at-line nanofractionation platform, which was applied for screening of CYP1A2 inhibitors in Phase I metabolic mixtures. With this platform, a metabolic mixture is separated by liquid chromatography (LC), followed by parallel nanofractionation on a microtiter well plate and mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. After solvent evaporation, all metabolites present in the nanofractionated mixture are assayed utilizing a fluorescence CYP1A2 inhibition bioassay performed on the plate. Next, a bioactivity chromatogram is constructed from the bioassay results. By peak shape and retention time correlation of the bioactivity peaks with the obtained MS data, CYP1A2-bioactive inhibiting metabolites can be identified. The method correctly evaluated the potency of five CYP1A2 inhibitors. Mixtures comprising potent inhibitors of CYP1A2 or in vitro-generated metabolites of ellipticine were evaluated for their inhibitory bioactivities. In both cases, good LC separation of all compounds was achieved and bioactivity data could be accurately correlated with the parallel recorded MS data. Generation and evaluation of Phase II metabolites of hydroxylated ellipticine was also pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara M Zietek
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marija Mladic
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ben Bruyneel
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wilfried M A Niessen
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,3 hyphen MassSpec, Voorhout, Netherlands
| | - Maarten Honing
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,2 DSM Materials Science Center, Geleen, Netherlands
| | - Govert W Somsen
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- 1 Division of BioAnalytical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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11
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He J. Bioactivity-Guided Fractionation of Pine Needle Reveals Catechin as an Anti-hypertension Agent via Inhibiting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8867. [PMID: 28827527 PMCID: PMC5567173 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07748-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension has been recognized as one of the highest risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Anti-hypertension agent screening and development has been recognized as a pharmaceutical therapy approach for the cardiovascular diseases treatment. Many kinds of traditional Chinese medicines, such as pine needle, have been used for the treatment of hypertension for a long time, but the bioactive ingredients which responsible for their therapeutic effectiveness are remain unclear. Therefore, screening bioactive chemicals in natural sources is still the most straightforward strategy for novel Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)-based anti-hypertension agents discovery. In this study, we demonstrated a bioactivity-guided fractionation strategy for identifying bioactive fractions and chemicals from pine needle based on LC/MS assay as well as elucidating their mechanisms of pharmacological activity. And we found out the compound in pine needle extracts being ACE-inhibitory active is catechin. When ACE activity was assayed in rat tissue membranes, it was observed that catechin demonstrate ACE inhibition in kidney, lung and testes tissue. All these presents catechin in pine needle could be a potential cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian He
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240, China. .,Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.
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12
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Musharraf SG, Bhatti MS, Choudhary MI, Rahman AU. Screening of inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) employing high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS). Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 101:182-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Liu J, Luo Y, Su Q, Fang C. Rapid determination of the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of peptide by HPLC method: A simulated gastrointestinal digestion study. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2016.1266653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yahong Luo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Su
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Fang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean College, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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Cieśla Ł, Moaddel R. Comparison of analytical techniques for the identification of bioactive compounds from natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2016; 33:1131-45. [PMID: 27367973 PMCID: PMC5042860 DOI: 10.1039/c6np00016a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2000 to 2016Natural product extracts are a rich source of bioactive compounds. As a result, the screening of natural products for the identification of novel biologically active metabolites has been an essential part of several drug discovery programs. It is estimated that more than 70% of all drugs approved from 1981 and 2006, were either derived from or structurally similar to nature based compounds indicating the necessity for the development of a rapid method for the identification of novel compounds from plant extracts. The screening of biological matrices for the identification of novel modulators is nevertheless still challenging. In this review we discuss current techniques in phytochemical analysis and the identification of biologically active components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Cieśla
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, Biomedical Research Center, 8C232, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
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15
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Peng WB, Tan JL, Huang DD, Ding XP. On-Line HPLC with Biochemical Detection for Screening Bioactive Compounds in Complex Matrixes. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Burkhardt T, Kaufmann CM, Letzel T, Grassmann J. Enzymatic Assays Coupled with Mass Spectrometry with or without Embedded Liquid Chromatography. Chembiochem 2015; 16:1985-92. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201500325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Therese Burkhardt
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Christine M. Kaufmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Johanna Grassmann
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Am Coulombwall 85748 Garching Germany
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotimi E. Aluko
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2;
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18
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Liu R, Zhu Y, Chen J, Wu H, Shi L, Wang X, Wang L. Characterization of ACE inhibitory peptides from Mactra veneriformis hydrolysate by nano-liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (Nano-LC-ESI-MS) and molecular docking. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:3917-28. [PMID: 24983637 PMCID: PMC4113806 DOI: 10.3390/md12073917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Food-derived bioactive compounds are gaining increasing significance in life sciences. In the present study, we identified angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides from Mactra veneriformis hydrolysate using a nano-LC-MS/MS method. Mactra veneriformis hydrolysate was first separated into four fractions (F1–F4) based on molecular weight by ultrafiltration. The fraction with molecular weight lower than 1 kDa (F1) showed the highest ACE inhibitory activity. F1 was then analyzed by a high throughput nano-LC-MS/MS method and sequences of peptides in F1 were calculated accordingly. The 27 peptides identified as above were chemically synthesized and tested for ACE-inhibitory activity. The hexapeptide VVCVPW showed the highest potency with an IC50 value of 4.07 μM. We then investigated the interaction mechanism between the six most potent peptides and ACE by molecular docking. Our docking results suggested that the ACE inhibitory peptides bind to ACE via interactions with His383, His387, and Glu411 residues. Particularly, similar to the thiol group of captopril, the cysteine thiol group of the most potent peptide VVCVPW may play a key role in the binding of this peptide to the ACE active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Yunhan Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Jiao Chen
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Hao Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Lingchong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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19
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High-throughput and sensitive screening of compounds with deoxyribonucleic acid-binding activity by a high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry-fluorescence detection technique using palmatine as a fluorescence probe. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1323:123-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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20
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Song Z, Wang H, Ren B, Zhang B, Hashi Y, Chen S. On-line study of flavonoids of Trollius chinensis Bunge binding to DNA with ethidium bromide using a novel combination of chromatographic, mass spectrometric and fluorescence techniques. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1282:102-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Lin Z, Wang H, Fu Q, An H, Liang Y, Zhang B, Hashi Y, Chen S. Simultaneous separation, identification and activity evaluation of three butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors from Plumula nelumbinis using on-line HPLC-UV coupled with ESI-IT-TOF-MS and BChE biochemical detection. Talanta 2013; 110:180-9. [PMID: 23618192 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have firstly established a method of high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet analysis coupled with electrospray ionization-ion trap-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and butyrylcholinesterase biochemical detection (HPLC-UV-ESI-IT-TOF-MS-BChEBCD). Applying this on-line method to the identification of BChE inhibitors in a Plumula nelumbinis sample, three alkaloids, namely liensinine, isoliensinine, and neferine, have been detected as having a strong BChE inhibition activity for the first time; in addition, norisoliensinine and 6-hydroxynorisoliensinine were proposed as two new compounds identified by their UV and MS data. The HPLC fingerprint, the MS fragments of the components, and the BChE activity profile could be simultaneously recorded during real-time analysis of complex samples using this on-line approach. Tacrine, a BChE inhibitor, was used as a positive reference compound, and its detection limit in the biochemical detection system was 1 nmol. The BChE activity of 1g of P. nelumbinis sample was equal to that of 127.88 μmol tacrine. The proposed on-line method has been validated as having good precision and reproducibility, and could be used to rapidly identify BChE inhibitors and to screen potential drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in complicated samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongtao Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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22
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Potterat O, Hamburger M. Concepts and technologies for tracking bioactive compounds in natural product extracts: generation of libraries, and hyphenation of analytical processes with bioassays. Nat Prod Rep 2013; 30:546-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c3np20094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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23
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Khatib N, Kadivar M. WITHDRAWN: Bioactive peptides derived from meat proteins. Peptides 2012:S0196-9781(12)00306-3. [PMID: 22800693 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the Editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Khatib
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156, Iran
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24
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Development of on-line high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-biochemical detection methods as tools in the identification of bioactives. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:3101-3133. [PMID: 22489144 PMCID: PMC3317705 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13033101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Biochemical detection (BCD) methods are commonly used to screen plant extracts for specific biological activities in batch assays. Traditionally, bioactives in the most active extracts were identified through time-consuming bio-assay guided fractionation until single active compounds could be isolated. Not only are isolation procedures often tedious, but they could also lead to artifact formation. On-line coupling of BCD assays to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is gaining ground as a high resolution screening technique to overcome problems associated with pre-isolation by measuring the effects of compounds post-column directly after separation. To date, several on-line HPLC-BCD assays, applied to whole plant extracts and mixtures, have been published. In this review the focus will fall on enzyme-based, receptor-based and antioxidant assays.
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25
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Sun R, Zhang J, Xiong M, Chen Y, Yin L, Pu Y. Metabonomics biomarkers for subacute toxicity screening for benzene exposure in mice. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2012; 75:1163-1173. [PMID: 22891888 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2012.699858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Benzene is known to produce hematotoxicity in occupational exposure workers. This study examined the utility of metabonomic biomarkers to ascertain subacute toxicity produced by benzene in male C3H/He mice. A 30-d intermittent collection of urine was obtained from mice in this experiment. The relative organ weights, blood parameters, and bone marrow smears were examined to identify specific changes of benzene-induced toxicity. In addition, an integrated analytical approach based on liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was developed to map metabolic responses in urine. Five endogenous metabolites, hypoxanthine, spermidine, 4-aminohippuric acid, indolelactic acid, and glutamylphenylalanine, were identified as potential biomarkers of benzene-induced toxicity, indicating that pathways of purine, spermidine, fatty acid, tryptophan, and peptides metabolism might be disturbed in benzene-exposed mice. Our findings showed that the use of urine metabonomics was a more sensitive tool to detect benzene-induced toxicity compared to body weight or blood parameter changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Hernández-Ledesma B, del Mar Contreras M, Recio I. Antihypertensive peptides: production, bioavailability and incorporation into foods. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 165:23-35. [PMID: 21185549 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2010] [Revised: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 11/27/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive food peptides are encrypted within the sequence of food proteins but can be released during food processing (by enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation) or during gastrointestinal transit. Among bioactive food peptides, those with antihypertensive activity are receiving special attention due to the high prevalence of hypertension in the Western countries and its role in cardiovascular diseases. This paper reviews the current literature on antihypertensive food peptides, focusing on the main methodologies for their production, such as enzymatic hydrolysis, fermentation and the use of recombinant bacteria. This paper also describes the structure/activity relationship of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory peptides, as well as their bioavailability, physiological effects demonstrated by both in vitro and in vivo assays, and the contribution of mechanisms of action other than ACE inhibition. Finally, current reported strategies for incorporation of antihypertensive peptides into foods and their effects on both availability and activity are revised in this manuscript.
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27
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Inoue K, Kitade M, Hino T, Oka H. Screening assay of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity from complex natural colourants and foods using high-throughput LC-MS/MS. Food Chem 2011; 126:1909-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 12/02/2010] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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28
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Phelan M, Kerins D. The potential role of milk-derived peptides in cardiovascular disease. Food Funct 2011; 2:153-67. [PMID: 21779574 DOI: 10.1039/c1fo10017c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from milk proteins are of particular interest to the food industry due to the potential functional and physiological roles that they demonstrate, particularly in relation to cardiovascular disease (CVD). By 2020 it is estimated that heart disease and stroke will become the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Acute and chronic cardiovascular events may result from alterations in the activity of the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system and activation of the coagulation cascade and of platelets. Medications that inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) are widely prescribed in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease. ACE inhibitory peptides are of particular interest due to the presence of encrypted inhibitory peptide sequences. In particular, Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro are fore runners in ACE inhibition, and have been incorporated into commercial products. Additionally, studies to identify additional novel peptides with similar bio-activity and the ability to withstand digestion during transit through the gastrointestinal tract are ongoing. The potential sources of such peptides in cheese and other dairy products are discussed. Challenges to the bio-availability of such peptides in the gastro intestinal tract are also reviewed. Activation of platelets and the coagulation cascade play a central role in the progression of cardiovascular disease. Platelets from such patients show spontaneous aggregation and an increased sensitivity to agonists which results in vascular damage and endothelial dysfunction associated with CVD. Peptide sequences exhibiting anti-thrombotic activity have been identified from fermented milk products. Studies on such peptides are reviewed and their effects on platelet function are discussed. Finally the ability of food derived peptides to decrease the formation of blood clots (thrombi) is reviewed. In conclusion, due to the widespread nature of cardiovascular disease, the identification of food derived compounds that exhibit a beneficial effect in such widespread areas of CVD regulation will have strong clinical potential. Due to the perception that food derived products have an acceptable risk profile they have the potential for widespread acceptance by the public. In this review, selected biological effects relating to CVD are discussed with a view to providing essential information to researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Phelan
- Food for Health Ireland, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
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29
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On-line high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry-chemiluminescence assay of radical scavengers in Epimedium. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:1227-35. [PMID: 21269633 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 12/24/2010] [Accepted: 01/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
An on-line analysis method for the simultaneous detection and identification of radical scavenging compounds in plant extracts was developed by combining HPLC with hydrogen dioxide radical scavenging and HPLC-DAD-MS-CL system. The structural identification and activity characteristics of various constituents could be rapidly achieved by the on-line assay of UV, MS and CL in one run. In 4 species of Epimedium studied 32 compounds, including phenolic acids, 8-isopentenyl-flavonoid glycosides and flavonoid glycosides containing a ortho-hydroxyl group, were identified by comparison with authentic standards and published mass data. Among these compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoid glycosides containing an ortho-hydroxyl group could obviously inhibit CL, which suggested their strong radical scavenging activity. These four species each exhibited different active properties, which might correlate to their respective quality. The results indicated that the on-line HPLC-DAD-MS-CL system would be a potential method to rapidly and sensitively screen radical scavengers in herbal medicines, and could display an integrated fingerprint based on different detectors.
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30
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Advances in mass spectrometry-based post-column bioaffinity profiling of mixtures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:2655-68. [PMID: 21107824 PMCID: PMC3043236 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4406-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 10/31/2010] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
In the screening of complex mixtures, for example combinatorial libraries, natural extracts, and metabolic incubations, different approaches are used for integrated bioaffinity screening. Four major strategies can be used for screening of bioactive mixtures for protein targets-pre-column and post-column off-line, at-line, and on-line strategies. The focus of this review is on recent developments in post-column on-line screening, and the role of mass spectrometry (MS) in these systems. On-line screening systems integrate separation sciences, mass spectrometry, and biochemical methodology, enabling screening for active compounds in complex mixtures. There are three main variants of on-line MS based bioassays: the mass spectrometer is used for ligand identification only; the mass spectrometer is used for both ligand identification and bioassay readout; or MS detection is conducted in parallel with at-line microfractionation with off-line bioaffinity analysis. On the basis of the different fields of application of on-line screening, the principles are explained and their usefulness in the different fields of drug research is critically evaluated. Furthermore, off-line screening is discussed briefly with the on-line and at-line approaches.
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31
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Marques LA, Kool J, de Kanter F, Lingeman H, Niessen W, Irth H. Production and on-line acetylcholinesterase bioactivity profiling of chemical and biological degradation products of tacrine. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:609-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 04/09/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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32
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Geng F, Yang L, Chou G, Wang Z. Bioguided isolation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors from the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. Phytother Res 2010; 24:1088-94. [PMID: 19998322 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.3071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Ethanolic extract of the seeds of Plantago asiatica L. showed significant inhibitory activity of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) determined by monitoring the transformation from a substrate hippuryl-histidyl-leucine (HHL) to the product hippuric acid (HA) in vitro using an UPLC-MS method. The bioguided fractionation of the extract resulted in the isolation of four ACE inhibitory active phenylpropanoid glycosides acteoside, isoacteoside, plantainoside D, and plantamajoside with IC(50) values of 2.69 mM, 2.46 mM, 2.17 mM, and 2.47 mM, respectively. Their structures were elucidated through the analysis of NMR, UV, IR and MS data. Our study is the first demonstration that Plantago asiatica L. and its major constituents have ACE inhibitory activity in vitro. It is assumed that the identified compounds contribute to the angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitory activity of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Geng
- The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201210, PR China
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33
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Li DQ, Qian ZM, Li SP. Inhibition of three selected beverage extracts on alpha-glucosidase and rapid identification of their active compounds using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and biochemical detection. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2010; 58:6608-6613. [PMID: 20443596 DOI: 10.1021/jf100853c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase is a therapeutic approach for diabetes. In this study, a method based on online liquid chromatography-diode array detection-tandem mass spectrometry and biochemical detection (LC-DAD-MS/MS-BCD) was developed to screen and identify alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from selected beverage extracts, including pu-erh tea ( Camellia sinensis var. assamica), eagle tea ( Litsea coreana Levl.), and radix glycyrrhizae ( Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.). As a result, two components, (-)-epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechingallate (ECG), as potent alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, were found in pu-erh tea. The IC(50) values of EGCG and ECG on alpha-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20, from Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) were 175.1 and 246.9 microM, respectively, and both were lower than that of acarbose (IC(50) = 3553.0 microM), a commercial alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Kinetic studies revealed that both EGCG and ECG inhibited alpha-glucosidase activity in a noncompetitive manner. The study suggests that the developed LC-DAD-MS/MS-BCD system is a powerful tool for rapid screening and identification of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors in complex samples and that EGCG and ECG may be good candidates as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Qiang Li
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
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34
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Kool J, de Kloe GE, Bruyneel B, de Vlieger JS, Retra K, Wijtmans M, van Elk R, Smit AB, Leurs R, Lingeman H, de Esch IJ, Irth H. Online Fluorescence Enhancement Assay for the Acetylcholine Binding Protein with Parallel Mass Spectrometric Identification. J Med Chem 2010; 53:4720-30. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100230k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kool
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerdien E. de Kloe
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Bruyneel
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jon S. de Vlieger
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Retra
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maikel Wijtmans
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rene van Elk
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - August B. Smit
- Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Leurs
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Lingeman
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan J.P. de Esch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus Irth
- BioMolecular Analysis, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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35
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Geng F, He Y, Yang L, Wang Z. A rapid assay for angiotensin-converting enzyme activity using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 24:312-7. [PMID: 19629962 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) plays an important role in the renin-angiotensin system and ACE activity is usually assayed in vitro by monitoring the transformation from a substrate to the product catalyzed by ACE. A rapid and sensitive analysis method or ACE activity by quantifying simultaneously the substrate hippuryl-histidyl-leucine and its product hippuric acid using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) was first developed and applied to assay the inhibitory activities against ACE of several natural phenolic compounds. The established UPLC-MS method showed obvious advantages over the conventional HPLC analysis in shortened running time (3.5 min), lower limit of detection (5 pg) and limit of quantification (18 pg), and high selectivity aided by MS detection in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode. Among the six natural products screened, five compounds, caffeic acid, caffeoyl acetate, ferulic acid, chlorogenic acid and resveratrol indicated potent in vitro ACE inhibitory activity with IC(50) values of 2.527 +/- 0.032, 3.129 +/- 0.016, 10.898 +/- 0.430, 15.076 +/- 1.211 and 6.359 +/- 0.086 mm, respectively. A structure-activity relationship estimation suggested that the number and the situation of the hydroxyls on the benzene rings and the acrylic acid groups may play the most predominant role in their ACE inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Geng
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Siemerink M, Schebb NH, Liesener A, Perchuc AM, Schöni R, Wilmer M, Hayen H, Karst U, Vogel M. Development of a fast liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry screening method for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in complex natural mixtures like snake venom. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:687-697. [PMID: 20162537 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A new robust high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS)-based screening method for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibiting substances in crude samples is described. The ACE assay is carried out in a typical offline setup by incubation of the samples with ACE and angiotensin I (AI), followed by stopping the reaction with acetonitrile containing val(5)-AI serving as internal standard (I.S.). AI and the product angiotensin II (AII) are extracted from the incubation mixture by turbulent-flow chromatography (TFC) applied in backflush mode as online solid-phase extraction and are directly quantified by ESI(+)-MS. The presence of ACE inhibitors (ACEi) is detected by an increase in AI signal intensity and a corresponding decrease of AII signal, as compared to the blank assay. The overall time of analysis of the TFC/ESI-MS method was 5 min, thus making the described setup suitable for a rapid screening method. The assay was validated using a known ACE inhibitor and the IC(50) values found were in good accordance with a common HPLC/UV method and literature data. The method was successfully applied for the screening of size-exclusion chromatography fractions of the venom of the pitviper Bothrops moojeni. Three of 18 analyzed fractions inhibited ACE, due to peptides present as components of this snake venom. These compounds were extracted from the two most-active fractions by means of TFC and isolated by means of HPLC. Three peptides with ACE inhibitory activity were characterized and their structures were elucidated with ESI-MS/MS-based de novo sequencing to be ZKWPPGKVPP, ZKWPRPGPEIPP and ZNWPRPGPEIPP, respectively (Z = pyroglutamic acid).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs Siemerink
- University of Twente, Chemical Analysis Group and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
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37
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Coupling HPLC to on-line, post-column (bio)chemical assays for high-resolution screening of bioactive compounds from complex mixtures. Trends Analyt Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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38
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Analysis of glutathione adducts of patulin by means of liquid chromatography (HPLC) with biochemical detection (BCD) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:1361-73. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 03/13/2009] [Accepted: 03/19/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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39
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Schebb NH, Vielhaber T, Jousset A, Karst U. Development of a liquid chromatography-based screening methodology for proteolytic enzyme activity. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4407-15. [PMID: 19349051 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2009] [Revised: 03/11/2009] [Accepted: 03/13/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new methodology for the detection and isolation of serine proteases in complex mixtures has been developed. It combines the characterization of crude samples by electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) in a multi-substrate assay and the differentiated sensitive detection of the responsible enzymes by means of liquid chromatography hyphenated online to biochemical detection (BCD). First, active samples are identified in the multi-substrate assay monitoring the conversion of eight substrates in multiple reaction monitoring in parallel within 60s. Hereby, the product patterns are investigated and the suitable peptide as substrate for BCD analysis is selected. Subsequently, the active proteases are identified online in the continuous-flow reactor serving as BCD after non-denaturing separation by size-exclusion chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography. For BCD, the selected para-nitroaniline (pNA) labeled peptide is added post-column and is cleaved by eluting proteases under release of the coloured pNA in a reaction coil (reaction time 5min). The method was optimized and the figures of merit were characterized with trypsin and chymotrypsin serving as the model proteases. For trypsin, a limit of detection in LC-BCD of 0.1U/mL corresponding to an injected amount of 0.4ng protein ( approximately 18fmol) was observed. The BCD signal remained linear for an injected enzyme concentration of 0.3-10U/mL (1.3-42ng enzyme). The method was applied to the characterization of the crude venom of the pit viper Bothrops moojeni and the extracellular protease of the pathogenic amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii. In the two samples, fractions with proteolytic activity potentially interfering with the blood coagulation cascade were identified. The described methodology represents a tool for serine protease screening in complex mixtures by a fast ESI-MS/MS identification of active samples followed by the separation and isolation of active sample constituents in LC-BCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Helge Schebb
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
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40
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Maciuk A, Moaddel R, Haginaka J, Wainer IW. Screening of tobacco smoke condensate for nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligands using cellular membrane affinity chromatography columns and missing peak chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 48:238-46. [PMID: 18187282 PMCID: PMC2605108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 11/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This manuscript reports an approach to the screening of natural product extracts for compounds which are active at membrane-bound receptors, ion channels and transporters. The technique is based upon cellular membrane affinity chromatography (CMAC) columns created through the immobilization of cellular membrane fragments on liquid chromatography stationary phases. In this study a CMAC(nAChR(+)) column was created out of membranes from a transfected cell line expressing the alpha3beta4 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and the column was used to screen tobacco smoke condensates. A strategy involving parallel screening with a CMAC column created from a non-transfected form of the same cell line, CMAC(nAChR(-)) was adopted. The condensate was chromatographed on both columns, timed fractions collected and concentrated. Each fraction was analyzed on a C18 column in order to establish a chromatographic fingerprint of each fraction and a differential elution profile of each compound. Comparison of the elution profiles from the CMAC(nAChR(+)) and CMAC(nAChR(-)) columns identified patterns that could be associated with high affinity ligands and with low-affinity/non-binding compounds. Known strong ligands ((S)-nicotine, (R,S)-anatabine, N'-nitrosonornicotine), weak ligands ((R,S)-nornicotine, anabasine) as well as known non-ligands (N-methyl-gamma-oxo-3-pyridinebutanamide, (1'S,2'S)-nicotine 1'-oxide) have been identified in the complex extract. The results demonstrate that CMAC-based screens can be used in the identification of compounds within natural product extracts that bind to membrane-based targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Maciuk
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ruin Moaddel
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jun Haginaka
- Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan
| | - Irving W. Wainer
- Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD
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41
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Schebb NH, Heus F, Saenger T, Karst U, Irth H, Kool J. Development of a Countergradient Parking System for Gradient Liquid Chromatography with Online Biochemical Detection of Serine Protease Inhibitors. Anal Chem 2008; 80:6764-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ac801035e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nils Helge Schebb
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ferry Heus
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thorsten Saenger
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Uwe Karst
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hubertus Irth
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kool
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institut für Anorganische and Analytische Chemie, Corrensstrasse 30, 48149 Münster, Germany, and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Section Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, De Boelelaan 1083, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Fractionation and identification of ACE-inhibitory peptides from α-lactalbumin and β-casein produced by thermolysin-catalysed hydrolysis. Int Dairy J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2007.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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43
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de Boer AR, Lingeman H, Niessen WM, Irth H. Mass spectrometry-based biochemical assays for enzyme-inhibitor screening. Trends Analyt Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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44
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Rudzki PJ, Buś K, Ksycińska H, Kobylińska K. An overview of chromatographic methods coupled with mass spectrometric detection for determination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in biological material. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:356-67. [PMID: 17475434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2006] [Revised: 03/13/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS, LC-MS) methods for the determination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and their metabolites in biological material have been reviewed. Since 1980s those hyphenated techniques have been applied to quantitate ACE inhibitors and the dynamic increase in the number of relevant publications can be observed in recent years. Although most of the methods available in the literature were analyses of plasma or serum, assays of blood and urine were also included. Additionally, sample pretreatment methods, separation conditions and ionization modes were overviewed. Some information on chemical structures, cis-trans izomerization and stability of compounds in question was also included. Most of the reported methods were successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr J Rudzki
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, 8 Rydygiera Street, 01-793 Warsaw, Poland
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45
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Irth H. Continuous‐Flow Systems for Ligand Binding and Enzyme Inhibition Assays Based on Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527610907.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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46
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Otte J, Shalaby SM, Zakora M, Pripp AH, El-Shabrawy SA. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of milk protein hydrolysates: Effect of substrate, enzyme and time of hydrolysis. Int Dairy J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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47
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Kool J, Eggink M, van Rossum H, van Liempd SM, van Elswijk DA, Irth H, Commandeur JNM, Meerman JHN, Vermeulen NPE. Online biochemical detection of glutathione-S-transferase P1-specific inhibitors in complex mixtures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 12:396-405. [PMID: 17379858 DOI: 10.1177/1087057107299527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A high-resolution screening (HRS) technology is described, which couples 2 parallel enzyme affinity detection (EAD) systems for substrates and inhibitors of rat cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases (cGSTs) and purified human GST P1 to gradient reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cGSTs and GST P1 EAD systems were optimized and validated first in flow injection analysis (FIA) mode, and optimized values were subsequently used for HPLC mode. The IC(50) values of 8 ligands thus obtained online agreed well with the IC(50) values obtained with microplate reader-based assays. For ethacrynic acid, an IC(50) value of 1.8 +/- 0.4 microM was obtained with the cGSTs EAD system in FIA mode and 0.8 +/- 0.6 microM in HPLC mode. For ethacrynic acid with the GST P1 EAD system, IC(50) values of 6.0 +/- 2.9 and 3.6 +/- 2.8 microM were obtained in FIA and HPLC modes, respectively. An HRS GST EAD system, consisting of both the cGSTs and the GST P1 EAD system in HPLC mode in parallel, was able to separate complex mixtures of compounds and to determine online their individual affinity for cGSTs and GST P1. Finally, a small library of GST inhibitors, synthesized by reaction of several electrophiles with glutathione (GSH), was successfully screened with the newly developed parallel HRS GST EAD system. It is concluded that the present online gradient HPLC-based HRS screening technology offers new perspectives for sensitive and simultaneous screening of general cGSTs and specific GST P1 inhibitors in mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kool
- LACDR-Division of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Pharmacochemistry, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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48
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van Platerink CJ, Janssen HGM, Haverkamp J. Development of an at-line method for the identification of angiotensin-I inhibiting peptides in protein hydrolysates. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 846:147-54. [PMID: 16996810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2006.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2006] [Revised: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 08/26/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A fast at-line method was developed for the identification of ACE inhibiting (ACEI) peptides in protein hydrolysates. The method consists of activity measurements of fractions collected from a two-dimensional HPLC fractionation of the peptide mixture followed by MS identification of the peptides in the inhibiting fractions. The inhibition assay is based on the inhibiting effect of ACEI peptides on the hydrolytic scission of the substrate Hippuric acid-His-Leu (HHL) during the ACE-catalysed hydrolysis reaction. A fast LC method was developed for the quantification of Hippuric acid (H) and Hippuric acid-Histidine-Leucine (HHL), allowing a large number of fractions to be analysed within a reasonable time period. The method is sensitive and uses only standard laboratory equipment. The limit of detection is 0.34 microM for the known ACEI peptide IPP. This is sufficiently sensitive for the identification of only moderately active peptides and/or ACEI peptides present at low concentrations. The relative standard deviation of the inhibition assay was 12% measured over a time period of 2 months. The IC50 value of IPP measured with the assay was 5.6 microM, which is comparable to the values of 5 microM and 5.15 microM reported in literature for the standard Matsui method. The assay was successfully applied in the identification of ACEI peptides in enzymatically hydrolysed caseinate samples. Two new, not earlier published ACEI peptides were identified; MAP (beta-casein f102-104) and ITP (alpha-s2-casein f119-121) with IC50 values of 3.8 microM and 50 microM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J van Platerink
- Advanced Measurement and Imaging, Unilever Research Laboratory Vlaardingen, The Netherlands.
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49
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Kool J, van Liempd SM, van Rossum H, van Elswijk DA, Irth H, Commandeur JNM, Vermeulen NPE. Development of three parallel cytochrome P450 enzyme affinity detection systems coupled on-line to gradient high-performance liquid chromatography. Drug Metab Dispos 2007; 35:640-8. [PMID: 17251308 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.106.012245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A high resolution screening (HRS) technology is described, in which gradient high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is connected on-line to three parallel placed bioaffinity detection systems containing mammalian cytochromes P450 (P450s). The three so-called enzyme affinity detection (EAD) systems contained, respectively, liver microsomes from rats induced by beta-naphthoflavone (CYP1A activity), phenobarbital (CYP2B activity), and dexamethasone (CYP3A activity). Each P450-EAD system was optimized for enzyme, substrate, and organic modifier (isopropyl alcohol, methanol, and acetonitrile) in flow injection analysis mode. Characteristic P450 ligands were used to validate the P450-EAD systems. IC(50) values of the ligands were measured and found to be similar to those obtained with conventional microtiter plate reader assays. Detection limits (n = 3; signal-to-noise ratio = 3) of potent inhibitors ranged from 1 to 3 pmol for CYP1A activity, 4 to 17 pmol for CYP2B activity, and 4 to 15 pmol for CYP3A activity. The three optimized P450-EAD systems were subsequently coupled to gradient HPLC and used to screen compound mixtures for individual ligands. Finally, to increase analysis efficiency, a HRS system was constructed in which all three P450-EAD systems were coupled on-line and in parallel to gradient HPLC. The triple parallelized P450-EAD system was shown to enable rapid profiling of individual components in complex mixtures for inhibitory activity to three different P450s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kool
- Vrije Universiteit, Department of Pharmacochemistry, LACDR-Division of Molecular Toxicology, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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50
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Physiological, chemical and technological aspects of milk-protein-derived peptides with antihypertensive and ACE-inhibitory activity. Int Dairy J 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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