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Kamaruzaman S, Nasir NM, Mohd Faudzi SM, Yahaya N, Mohamad Hanapi NS, Wan Ibrahim WN. Solid-Phase Extraction of Active Compounds from Natural Products by Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: Synthesis and Extraction Parameters. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13213780. [PMID: 34771337 PMCID: PMC8587613 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers with a predetermined selectivity for a particular analyte or group of structurally related compounds, making them ideal materials for separation processes. Hence, in sample preparation, MIPs are chosen as an excellent material to provide selectivity. Moreover, its use in solid-phase extraction, also referred to as molecular imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE), is well regarded. In recent years, many papers have been published addressing the utilization of MIPs or MISPE as sorbents in natural product applications, such as synthesis. This review describes the synthesis and characterization of MIPs as a tool in natural product applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sazlinda Kamaruzaman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.M.M.F.)
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
| | - Najihah Mohammad Nasir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.M.M.F.)
| | - Siti Munirah Mohd Faudzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.M.N.); (S.M.M.F.)
- Natural Medicines and Product Research Laboratory (NaturMeds), Institute of Bioscience (IBS), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noorfatimah Yahaya
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang 13200, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Suhaila Mohamad Hanapi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.M.H.); (W.N.W.I.)
| | - Wan Nazihah Wan Ibrahim
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.M.H.); (W.N.W.I.)
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Mejía-Carmona K, Lanças FM. Modified graphene-silica as a sorbent for in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Determination of xanthines in coffee beverages. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1621:461089. [PMID: 32362360 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Given the increasing need for analyzing natural or contaminating compounds in complex food matrices in a simple and automated way, coupling miniaturized sample preparation techniques with chromatographic systems have become a growing field of research. In this regard, given the low extraction efficiency of conventional sorbent phases, the development of materials with enhanced extraction capabilities is of particular interest. Here we present several synthesized graphene-based materials supported on aminopropyl silica as sorbents for the extraction of xanthines. The synthesized materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Aminopropyl silica coated with graphene oxide and functionalized with octadecylsilane/end-capped (SiGOC18ecap) showed the best performance for xanthines extraction. Hence, this material was employed as an in-tube solid phase microextraction (in-tube SPME) device coupled online with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) and applied for the analysis of xanthines in roasted coffee samples. Extraction parameters and detection conditions were optimized. The method showed low limits of quantification (0.3-1.0 µg L-1), precision as relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 10%, recoveries between 73 and 109%, and pre-concentration factors from 5.6 to 7.2. Caffeine was determined in all ground roasted and instant coffee samples, in a wide range (0.9 to 36.8 mg g-1), and small amounts of theobromine and theophylline were also detected in some samples. This work demonstrated that functionalized graphene-based materials represent a promising new sorbent class for in-tube SPME, showing improved extraction capacity. The method was efficient, simple, and fast for the analysis of xanthines, demonstrating an excellent potential to be applied in other matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Mejía-Carmona
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando M Lanças
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos SP, Brazil.
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Simultaneous SIA analysis of pH and total acidity measurements in milk. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-017-9653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Park JY. Effect of lithographically designed structures on the caffeine sensing properties of surface imprinted films. Analyst 2016; 141:5709-5713. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an01665k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, molecularly imprinted films with concave and convex hemispherical patterns were fabricated using soft lithography and photopolymerization, and their dynamic sensing properties were compared using the gravimetric detection of caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Park
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Kyungpook National University
- Daegu
- 41566 Republic of Korea
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Clavijo S, Avivar J, Suárez R, Cerdà V. Analytical strategies for coupling separation and flow-injection techniques. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Whitcombe MJ, Kirsch N, Nicholls IA. Molecular imprinting science and technology: a survey of the literature for the years 2004-2011. J Mol Recognit 2014; 27:297-401. [PMID: 24700625 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present a survey of the literature covering the development of molecular imprinting science and technology over the years 2004-2011. In total, 3779 references to the original papers, reviews, edited volumes and monographs from this period are included, along with recently identified uncited materials from prior to 2004, which were omitted in the first instalment of this series covering the years 1930-2003. In the presentation of the assembled references, a section presenting reviews and monographs covering the area is followed by sections describing fundamental aspects of molecular imprinting including the development of novel polymer formats. Thereafter, literature describing efforts to apply these polymeric materials to a range of application areas is presented. Current trends and areas of rapid development are discussed.
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Moein MM, Javanbakht M, Akbari-adergani B. Molecularly imprinted polymer cartridges coupled on-line with high performance liquid chromatography for simple and rapid analysis of human insulin in plasma and pharmaceutical formulations. Talanta 2014; 121:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Jandera P. Advances in the development of organic polymer monolithic columns and their applications in food analysis—A review. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:37-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Singh KP, Kumar A, Singh P, Sanjesh, Singh R, Pant HV. Selective Recognition and Detoxification of Deltamethrin Using Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Matrices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/22297928.2013.797632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bielicka-Daszkiewicz K, Hadzicka M, Voelkel A. Optimization of SPE/GC/HPLC Analytical Procedure for Determination of Phenol, Quinones, and Carboxylic Acids in Water Samples. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.5402/2012/680929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Chromatographic techniques are among the most useful analytical methods. Gas and liquid chromatography were used in the analysis of some organic compounds: phenol, hydroquinone, benzoquinone, and maleic and fumaric acids. The analytical way for the determination of these compounds in water samples was investigated. Solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique was used on the sample preparation step, different divinylbenzene-based sorbents were applied. Calibration curves of given compounds were linear over the ranges: 50–500 μg/mL for phenol and its acetic derivatives, 50–1500 μg/mL for benzoquinone in GC analysis, and 50–250 μg/mL for phenol, 40–1000 μg/mL for hydroquinone, and 4–4500 μg/mL for carboxylic acids in HPLC analysis. The LOD and LOQ of proposed analytical procedure were in the ranges of LOD: 0.042–23.83 μg/mL; LOQ: 0.138–78.64 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bielicka-Daszkiewicz
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Pl. M.Skłodowskiej-Curie 2, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Hadzicka
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Pl. M.Skłodowskiej-Curie 2, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
| | - Adam Voelkel
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznań University of Technology, Pl. M.Skłodowskiej-Curie 2, 60-965 Poznań, Poland
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11
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Targeted extraction of active compounds from natural products by molecularly imprinted polymers. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0018-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractOne of the most promising separation techniques that have emerged during the last decade is based on the use of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). MIPs are stable polymers that possess specific cavities designed for a template molecule, endowed with excellent selectivity compared to regular solid phase extraction techniques. Molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) has already shown a high efficiency for the sample preparation from complex matrices. Natural products received huge attention in recent years. Indeed, the application of MISPE for the screening of natural products appears extremely interesting not only for the selective extraction of a target compound but also for the concomitant discovery of new drug candidates, promising sources of therapeutic benefits. In the present review, examples of recognition and separation of active components from natural extracts are emphasized. MIPs are very promising materials to mimic the recognition characteristics exhibited by enzymes or receptors although further developments are necessary to fully exploit their wide potential.
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Lee TT, Huang IB, Hwang CC. ANALYSIS OF SULFACHLOROPYRIDAZINE AND SULFAPYRIDINE BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MOLECULARLY IMPRINTED POLYMER AS THE STATIONARY PHASE. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-APPLICATIONS BASIS COMMUNICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.4015/s1016237209001647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of sulfachloropyridazine and sulfapyridine has been developed. This method was developed by using self-prepared molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as the stationary phase. The polymers were prepared by a noncovalent method with sulfachloropyridazine as the template, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer and ethylene glycoldimethacrylate as the cross-linker in the presence of chloroform as the solvent. In order to compare the chromatographic data from the stationary phase, the retention time of sulfachloropyridazine and sulfapyridine was given. The separation factors (α) were 1.79–1.89 that showed that the MIPs were able to recognize sulfachloropyridazine and sulfapyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Tai Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Mingdao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ing-Bang Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Formosa University, Yulin, Taiwan
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Talik P, Krzek J, Ekiert RJ. Analytical Techniques Used for Determination of Methylxanthines and their Analogues—Recent Advances. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2011.569047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hrdina A, Lai E, Li C, Sadi B, Kramer G. Preliminary studies of an 18-crown-6 ether modified magnetic cation exchange polymer in rapid (90)Sr bioassay. HEALTH PHYSICS 2011; 101:187-195. [PMID: 21709508 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e318217fbe3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A cation exchange polymer resin embedded with magnetic nanoparticles and modified with crown ether was developed for urinalysis to rapidly monitor levels of (90)Sr exposure in humans who have been involved in a nuclear event. Invention of the resin matrix of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid cross-linked with divinylbenzene incorporated a Sr(2+) chelating agent, di-tert-butyl-cyclohexano-18-crown-6 through surface immobilization using a molecular modifier 1-octanol. The performance of these magnetic cation exchange resin particles was investigated by separating (90)Sr in the presence of (90)Y progeny. Masking agents and precipitants were examined to ascertain that sodium hydroxide at pH 7.5 was capable of selectively removing 89 ± 2% (90)Y before subsequent (90)Sr uptake. Preliminary investigations in rapid urinalysis were successful in isolating 83 ± 2% (90)Sr when pH was optimized to 9, with a sample turnover time <2 h, which is promising for radiological emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Hrdina
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada
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Karakosta TD, Tzanavaras PD, Themelis DG. Automated pre-column derivatization of thiolic fruit-antibrowning agents by sequential injection coupled to high-performance liquid chromatography using a monolithic stationary phase and an in-loop stopped-flow approach. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2240-6. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Moein MM, Javanbakht M, Akbari-adergani B. Molecularly imprinted polymer cartridges coupled on-line with high performance liquid chromatography for simple and rapid analysis of dextromethorphan in human plasma samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2011; 879:777-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Pinto PCAG, Lúcia M, Saraiva MFS, Lima JLFC. Sequential Injection Analysis Hyphenated with Other Flow Techniques: A Review. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.500780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lachová M, Lehotay J, Skačáni I, Čižmárik J. Isolation of Some Derivatives of Phenylcarbamic Acid from Human Plasma using Molecularly Imprinted Polymers. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070802602890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Lachová
- a Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - J. Lehotay
- a Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - I. Skačáni
- a Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava , Slovak Republic
| | - J. Čižmárik
- b Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava , Slovak Republic
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Molecularly imprinted polymers for sample preparation: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 668:87-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 04/08/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Tse Sum Bui B, Merlier F, Haupt K. Toward the Use of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer in Doping Analysis: Selective Preconcentration and Analysis of Testosterone and Epitestosterone in Human Urine. Anal Chem 2010; 82:4420-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac100128c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Tse Sum Bui
- Compiègne University of Technology, UMR CNRS 6022, B.P. 20529, 60205 Compiégne cedex, France
| | - Franck Merlier
- Compiègne University of Technology, UMR CNRS 6022, B.P. 20529, 60205 Compiégne cedex, France
| | - Karsten Haupt
- Compiègne University of Technology, UMR CNRS 6022, B.P. 20529, 60205 Compiégne cedex, France
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Development of a fully automated sequential injection solid-phase extraction procedure coupled to liquid chromatography to determine free 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone and 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone-5-sulphonic acid in human urine. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 664:178-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2010.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jiang M, Shi Y, Zhang RL, Shi CH, Peng Y, Huang Z, Lu B. Selective molecularly imprinted stationary phases for Bisphenol A analysis prepared by modified precipitation polymerization. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:3265-73. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Haginaka J. Molecularly imprinted polymers as affinity-based separation media for sample preparation. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1548-65. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lasáková M, Jandera P. Molecularly imprinted polymers and their application in solid phase extraction. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:799-812. [PMID: 19219838 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Solid phase extraction is routinely used in many different areas of analytical chemistry. Some of the main fields are environmental, biological, and food chemistry, where cleaning and pre-concentration of the sample are important steps in the analytical protocol. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have attracted attention because they show promise as compound-selective or group-selective media. The application of these synthetic polymers as sorbents allows not only pre-concentration and cleaning of the sample but also selective extraction of the target analyte, which is important, particularly when the sample is complex and impurities can interfere with quantification. This review surveys the selectivity of MIPs in solid phase extraction of various kinds of analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Lasáková
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Technology, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Lasáková M, Thiébaut D, Jandera P, Pichon V. Molecularly imprinted polymer for solid-phase extraction of ephedrine and analogs from human plasma. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1036-42. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Zhang S, Yang G, Zheng Z, Chen Y. On-Line Preconcentration and Analysis of Metribuzin Residues in Corn Fields by Use of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer. Chromatographia 2009. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-008-0862-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Long C, Mai Z, Yang Y, Zhu B, Xu X, Lu L, Zou X. Determination of multi-residue for malachite green, gentian violet and their metabolites in aquatic products by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2275-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2008] [Revised: 12/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Zhang J, Wang† H, Liu† W, Bai L, Ma N, Lu J. Synthesis of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Sensitive Penicillin Determination in Milk. ANAL LETT 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710802568671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hugon-Chapuis F, Mullot J, Tuffal G, Hennion MC, Pichon V. Selective and automated sample pretreatment by molecularly imprinted polymer for the analysis of the basic drug alfuzosin from plasma. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1196-1197:73-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 04/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Jin Y, Jiang M, Shi Y, Lin Y, Peng Y, Dai K, Lu B. Narrowly dispersed molecularly imprinted microspheres prepared by a modified precipitation polymerization method. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 612:105-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2007] [Revised: 02/02/2008] [Accepted: 02/06/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Idris AM. On-line coupling of solid-phase extraction, derivatization reaction and spectrophotometry by sequential injection analysis: Application to trifluoperazine assay in human urine. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2007; 56:330-5. [PMID: 17897843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2007.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 08/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study deals with a new methodology of on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE), derivatization reaction and spectrophotometric measurement utilizing sequential injection analysis (SIA) technique. The method was applied for the assay of trifluoperazine in human urine. METHODS An SPE procedure was automated to perform sample clean-up, extraction and preconcentration into a homemade microcolumn connected to a SIA manifold. Unlike previous SIA methods, a simple SIA manifold included one syringe pump and one multi-position valve was constructed. This offered simplicity and rapidity to the proposed method (sampling frequency 11 sample h(-1)). Spectrophotometric measurement was based on a fast oxidation of trifluoperazine by Ce(IV) in sulfuric acidic media resulting in a spectrophotometrically detectable chromophore measured at wavelength 500 nm. The SPE procedure was optimized by the univariate method while the derivatization reaction and spectrophotometric measurement were optimized by multivariate methods. RESULTS The method was linear in a range of 70-200 ng ml(-1) and accurate with a recovery of 92.7%. Relative standard deviation of repeatability (n=10 in a day) and intermediate precision (n=5 over a week) did not exceed 4.3% indicating satisfactory precision. The limits of detection and quantification were 18.2 and 55.2 ng ml(-1), respectively. The sensitivity of the method was improved by the preconcentration, the use of extended pathlength in the detection device and the optimization of absorbance measurement. The method is selective in the presence of chlordiazepoxide, which is sometimes taken in combination with trifluoperazine. DISCUSSION The method is suitable for the application of overdose and therapeutic drug monitoring in human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia.
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Rodriguez-Mozaz S, Lopez de Alda MJ, Barceló D. Advantages and limitations of on-line solid phase extraction coupled to liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technologies versus biosensors for monitoring of emerging contaminants in water. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:97-115. [PMID: 17275010 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Revised: 12/22/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
On-line solid phase extraction (SPE) coupled to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and biosensors are advanced technologies that have found increasing application in the analysis of environmental contaminants although their application to the determination of emerging contaminants (previously unknown or unrecognized pollutants) has been still limited. This review covers the most recent advances occurred in the areas of on-line SPE-LC-MS and biosensors, discusses and compares the main strengths and limitations of the two approaches, and examines their most relevant applications to the analysis of emerging contaminants in environmental waters. So far, the on-line configuration most frequently used has been SPE coupled to liquid chromatography-(tandem) mass spectrometry. Sorbents used for on-line SPE have included both traditional (alkyl-bonded silicas and polymers) and novel (restricted access materials (RAMs), molecularly imprinted synthetic polymers (MIPs), and immobilized receptors or antibodies (immunosorbents) materials. The biosensor technologies most frequently applied have been based on the use of antibodies and, to a lesser extent, enzymes, bacteria, receptors and DNA as recognition elements, and the use of optical and electrochemical transducing elements. Emerging contaminants investigated by means of these two techniques have included pharmaceuticals, endocrine disrupting compounds such as estrogens, alkylphenols and bisphenol A, pesticides transformation products, disinfection by-products, and bacterial toxins and mycotoxins, among others. Both techniques offer advantageous, and frequently comparable, features such as high sensitivity and selectivity, minimum sample manipulation, and automation. Biosensors are, in addition, relatively cheap and fast, which make them ideally suited for routine testing and screening of samples; however, in most cases, they can not compete yet with on-line SPE procedures in terms of accuracy, reproducibility, reliability (confirmation) of results, and capacity for multi-analyte determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodriguez-Mozaz
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB-CSIC, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Pichon V. Selective sample treatment using molecularly imprinted polymers. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:41-53. [PMID: 17412351 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.02.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2006] [Revised: 02/14/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers possessing specific cavities designed for a target molecule. By a mechanism of molecular recognition, the MIPs are used as selective sorbents for the solid-phase extraction of target analytes from complex matrices. MIPs are often called synthetic antibodies in comparison with immuno-based sorbents; they offer some advantages including easy, cheap and rapid preparation and high thermal and chemical stability. This review describes the use of MIPs in solid-phase extraction with emphasis on their synthesis, the various parameters affecting the selectivity of the extraction, their potential to selectively extract analytes from complex aqueous samples or organic extracts, their on-line coupling with LC and their potential in miniaturized devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Pichon
- Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique (UMR CNRS 7121), Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
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Tamayo FG, Turiel E, Martín-Esteban A. Molecularly imprinted polymers for solid-phase extraction and solid-phase microextraction: Recent developments and future trends. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1152:32-40. [PMID: 17010356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Revised: 08/21/2006] [Accepted: 08/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are synthetic polymers having a predetermined selectivity for a given analyte, or group of structurally related compounds, that make them ideal materials to be used in separation processes. In this sense, during past years a huge amount of papers have been published dealing with the use of MIPs as sorbents in solid-phase extraction, namely molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE). Although the majority of these papers were restricted to describe the use of different templates for different applications, several attempts proposing new alternatives to minimize the inherent drawbacks of the preparation and use of MIPs (i.e. template bleeding, tedious synthesis procedure, etc.) have been reported. Thus, this paper does not pretend to be a collection of MISPE-related papers but to give an overview on the significant attempts carried out during recent years to improve the performance of MIPs in solid-phase extraction. In addition, the use of MIPs packed in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns for the direct injection of crude sample extracts and the preparation of imprinted fibres for solid-phase microextraction will be also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- F G Tamayo
- Departamento de Medio Ambiente, INIA, Carretera de A Coruña km 7.5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Dzygiel P, O'Donnell E, Fraier D, Chassaing C, Cormack PAG. Evaluation of water-compatible molecularly imprinted polymers as solid-phase extraction sorbents for the selective extraction of sildenafil and its desmethyl metabolite from plasma samples. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2007; 853:346-53. [PMID: 17481970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2006] [Revised: 01/25/2007] [Accepted: 03/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as selective sorbents for the solid-phase extraction of sildenafil and its principal metabolite, desmethylsildenafil, was investigated. Two MIPs were synthesised using structural analogues of sildenafil as templates, and a comparison of the performance of the two MIP sorbents in organic and aqueous media was performed. Additionally, the feasibility of applying molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) to the clean-up of plasma samples containing sildenafil and desmethylsildenafil was investigated. A preliminary, quantitative MISPE for the determination of both compounds in plasma was also performed. The results showed that the MIPs used for the selective extraction of sildenafil gave better compound recovery when aqueous samples were used in comparison to organic-based samples. A preliminary, quantitative MISPE of sildenafil and desmethylsildenafil indicated that the imprinted materials could be used successfully as SPE sorbents for sample pre-treatment for the determination of sildenafil, and related compounds, in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Dzygiel
- Bioanalytical Group, Drug Metabolism, IPC 654, Pfizer Global Research and Development, Sandwich Laboratories, Ramsgate Road, Sandwich, Kent CT13 9NJ, UK
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Baggiani C, Anfossi L, Giovannoli C. Solid phase extraction of food contaminants using molecular imprinted polymers. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 591:29-39. [PMID: 17456421 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2006] [Revised: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 01/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Food contamination from natural or anthropogenic sources poses severe risks to human health. It is now largely accepted that continuous exposure to low doses of toxic chemicals can be related to several chronic diseases, including some type of cancer and serious hormonal dysfunctions. Contemporary analytical methods have the sensitivity required for contamination detection and quantification, but direct application of these methods on food samples can be rarely performed. In fact, the matrix introduces severe disturbances, and analysis can be performed only after some clean-up and preconcentration steps. Current sample pre-treatment methods, mostly based on the solid phase extraction technique, are very fast and inexpensive but show a lack of selectivity, while methods based on immunoaffinity extraction are very selective but expensive and not suitable for harsh environments. Thus, inexpensive, rapid and selective clean-up methods, relaying on "intelligent" materials are needed. Recent years have seen a significant increase of the "molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction" (MISPE) technique in the food contaminant analysis. In fact, this technique seems to be particularly suitable for extractive applications where analyte selectivity in the presence of very complex and structured matrices represents the main problem. In this review, several applications of MISPE in food contamination analysis will be discussed, with particular emphasis on the extraction of pesticides, drugs residua, mycotoxins and environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Baggiani
- Laboratory of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Torino, Italy.
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Wille SMR, Lambert WEE. Recent developments in extraction procedures relevant to analytical toxicology. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 388:1381-91. [PMID: 17468854 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2007] [Revised: 04/03/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Sample preparation is an important step in the development of an analytical method but is often regarded as time-consuming, laborious work. Optimum sample preparation leads to enhanced selectivity and sensitivity, however, and reduces amounts of interfering matrix compounds, resulting in less signal suppression or enhancement. Recent developments in extraction techniques that could be of interest in clinical and forensic toxicology, for example liquid-liquid, solid-phase, and headspace extraction, are summarized in this review. The advantages and disadvantages of several extraction techniques are discussed, to enable the reader to choose an appropriate method of extraction for his or her application. Attention is paid to current trends in analytical toxicology, for example miniaturization, high throughput, and automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M R Wille
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Gent, Belgium
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Mullett WM. Determination of drugs in biological fluids by direct injection of samples for liquid-chromatographic analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:263-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2006] [Accepted: 10/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Theodoridis GA, Zacharis CK, Voulgaropoulos AN. Automated sample treatment by flow techniques prior to liquid-phase separations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 70:243-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2006.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2006] [Accepted: 08/24/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Pichon V, Haupt K. Affinity Separations on Molecularly Imprinted Polymers with Special Emphasis on Solid‐Phase Extraction. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600574739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Pichon
- a Laboratoire Environnement et Chimie Analytique , Ecole Supérieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles , Paris, France
| | - Karsten Haupt
- b Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Génie Enzymatique et Cellulaire , Compiègne, France
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Hu ML, Jiang M, Wang P, Mei SR, Lin YF, Hu XZ, Shi Y, Lu B, Dai K. Selective solid-phase extraction of tebuconazole in biological and environmental samples using molecularly imprinted polymers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2006; 387:1007-16. [PMID: 17186227 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-1004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2006] [Revised: 11/05/2006] [Accepted: 11/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were prepared by precipitation polymerization using tebuconazole (TBZ) as a template. Frontal chromatography and selectivity experiments were used to determine the binding capabilities and binding specificities of different MIPs. The polymer that had the highest binding selectivity and capability was used as the solid-phase extraction (SPE) sorbent for the direct extraction of TBZ from different biological and environmental samples (cabbage, pannage, shrimp, orange juice and tap water). The extraction protocol was optimized and the optimum conditions were: conditioning with 5 mL methanol:acetic acid (9:1), 5 mL methanol and 5 mL water respectively, loading with 5 mL aqueous samples, washing with 1.2 mL acetonitrile (ACN):phosphate buffer (5:5, pH3), and eluting with 3 mL methanol. The MIPs were able to selectively recognize, effectively trap and preconcentrate TBZ over a concentration range of 0.5-15 micromol/L. The intraday and interday RSDs were less than 9.7% and 8.6%, respectively. The limit of quantification was 0.1 micromol/L. Under optimum conditions, the MISPE recoveries of spiked cabbage, pannage, shrimp, orange juice and tap water were 62.3%, 75.8%, 71.6%, 89% and 93.9%, respectively. MISPE gave better HPLC separation efficiencies and higher recoveries than C18 SPE and strong cation exchange (SCX) SPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai-ling Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environment & Health of Ministry of Education, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
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43
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Theodoridis G, Lasáková M, Skeríková V, Tegou A, Giantsiou N, Jandera P. Molecular imprinting of natural flavonoid antioxidants: Application in solid-phase extraction for the sample pretreatment of natural products prior to HPLC analysis. J Sep Sci 2006; 29:2310-21. [PMID: 17120815 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200500492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
As shown in the past years, SPE based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) may provide significant enhancement of selectivity in sample preparation and analyte preconcentration. The objective of this work was the fabrication of MIPs for the specific adsorption of rutin and quercetin. The two flavonoids were used as the template molecules for the preparation of MIP phases in a self-assembly (noncovalent) approach. The produced MIPs were validated with regard to the imprinting efficiency as media for LC and SPE. The retention behavior of several flavonoid compounds was studied using as stationary phases imprinted, control nonimprinted polymers, and commercial silica-based materials. MIPs were applied as materials for the selective SPE and preconcentration of the flavonoids from white and red wine, orange juice, and tea. The collected fractions were analyzed by high-pressure LC. MIP-SPE facilitated specific analyte isolation and effective sample clean-up. The results show that molecularly imprinted SPE can be a useful tool for the simple, selective, and cost-effective pretreatment of samples containing natural antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Theodoridis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
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45
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Zacharis CK, Tempels FWA, Theodoridis GA, Voulgaropoulos AN, Underberg WJM, Somsen GW, de Jong GJ. Coupling of sequential injection analysis and capillary electrophoresis - Laser-induced fluorescence via a valve interface for on-line derivatization and analysis of amino acids and peptides. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1132:297-303. [PMID: 16919652 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.07.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2006] [Revised: 07/20/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The on-line coupling of sequential injection analysis (SIA) and capillary electrophoresis (CE) via an in-line injection valve is presented. The SIA system is used for automated derivatization of amino acids and peptides. Dichlorotriazinylaminofluorescein serves as the derivatization agent, thus enabling sensitive laser-induced fluorescence detection of the derivatized analytes. The SIA procedure includes the following steps: (a) introduction of reagent and sample zones in a holding coil, (b) sample and reagent mixing in a reaction coil, (c) stop-flow step for increase of the reaction time, and (d) delivery of derivatized sample into the loop of the micro-valve interface. A small portion of the analyte zone is introduced electrokinetically in the separation capillary via the valve interface and CE analysis is performed. Factors affecting the CE separation, such as pH, the borate and sodium dodecyl sulphate concentration of the background electrolyte have been optimized. The derivatization conditions have been studied to obtain a high reaction yield in a relative short time. The transfer of a part of the reaction plug into the loop of the valve interface has been optimized. Using des-Tyr(1)-[Met]-enkephalinamide as test compound, it is demonstrated that after automated derivatization, on-line electrophoretic analysis could be achieved. Glycine has been selected as the internal standard in order to correct for variations in reaction time and filling of the injection loop. For the enkephalin, good reproducibility (RSD<4.5% calculated by the ratio of the peak areas) and linearity (0.5-5 microg mL(-1), R(2)>or=0.994) are obtained with a detection limit of 30 ng mL(-1) (S/N=3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos K Zacharis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Zacharis CK, Theodoridis GA, Podgornik A, Voulgaropoulos AN. Incorporation of a monolithic column into sequential injection system for drug-protein binding studies. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1121:46-54. [PMID: 16690065 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2006] [Revised: 03/27/2006] [Accepted: 04/05/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A sequential injection analysis (SIA) manifold was incorporated with a monolithic strong anion-exchanger disk for on-line drug-protein interaction studies. The antibiotic ciprofloxacin (CF) was selected as a model drug compound. The separation principle was based on the strong retention of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on the monolithic strong anion-exchanger and the liberation/release of the free form of the drug. Elution of the retained BSA was easily achieved by delivering a different mobile phase via the SIA manifold. The type of functional group of the monolithic support, the breakthrough volume and the injected volumes of CF and BSA were studied and optimized. The influence of the variation of incubation time was studied in on-line binding assays. Scatchard plot was employed to obtain the number of binding sites and the equilibrium binding constants. For the off-line study of the CF-BSA binding, two binding classes were determined with constants of (3.16+/-0.21)x10(6)M(-1) and (1.27+/-0.48)x10(4)M(-1) and 6.1+/-1.3 and 17.8+/-3.9 binding sites per class, respectively. In non-equilibrium binding experiments the binding rate constant was k(1)=785 M(-1)min(-1). All measurements were monitored with fluorescence (lambda(ext)=300 nm, lambda(em)=460 nm) and spectrophotometric detection (lambda=280 nm). To evaluate the accuracy of the developed method the obtained results were compared versus ultrafiltration experiments and were found in good agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos K Zacharis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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47
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Coupling of sequential injection with liquid chromatography for the automated derivatization and on-line determination of amino acids. Talanta 2006; 69:841-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2005.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2005] [Revised: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 11/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Quintana JB, Miró M, Estela JM, Cerdà V. Automated On-Line Renewable Solid-Phase Extraction-Liquid Chromatography Exploiting Multisyringe Flow Injection-Bead Injection Lab-on-Valve Analysis. Anal Chem 2006; 78:2832-40. [PMID: 16615800 DOI: 10.1021/ac052256z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the third generation of flow injection analysis, also named the lab-on-valve (LOV) approach, is proposed for the first time as a front end to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for on-line solid-phase extraction (SPE) sample processing by exploiting the bead injection (BI) concept. The proposed microanalytical system based on discontinuous programmable flow features automated packing (and withdrawal after single use) of a small amount of sorbent (<5 mg) into the microconduits of the flow network and quantitative elution of sorbed species into a narrow band (150 microL of 95% MeOH). The hyphenation of multisyringe flow injection analysis (MSFIA) with BI-LOV prior to HPLC analysis is utilized for on-line postextraction treatment to ensure chemical compatibility between the eluate medium and the initial HPLC gradient conditions. This circumvents the band-broadening effect commonly observed in conventional on-line SPE-based sample processors due to the low eluting strength of the mobile phase. The potential of the novel MSFI-BI-LOV hyphenation for on-line handling of complex environmental and biological samples prior to reversed-phase chromatographic separations was assessed for the expeditious determination of five acidic pharmaceutical residues (viz., ketoprofen, naproxen, bezafibrate, diclofenac, and ibuprofen) and one metabolite (viz., salicylic acid) in surface water, urban wastewater, and urine. To this end, the copolymeric divinylbenzene-co-n-vinylpyrrolidone beads (Oasis HLB) were utilized as renewable sorptive entities in the micromachined unit. The automated analytical method features relative recovery percentages of >88%, limits of detection within the range 0.02-0.67 ng mL(-1), and coefficients of variation <11% for the column renewable mode and gives rise to a drastic reduction in operation costs ( approximately 25-fold) as compared to on-line column switching systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Benito Quintana
- Department of Water Quality Control, Technical University of Berlin, Sekr KF 4, Strasse des 17 Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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Caro E, Marcé RM, Cormack PA, Sherrington DC, Borrull F. Novel enrofloxacin imprinted polymer applied to the solid-phase extraction of fluorinated quinolones from urine and tissue samples. Anal Chim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2006.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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50
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Jiang M, Zhang JH, Mei SR, Shi Y, Zou LJ, Zhu YX, Dai K, Lu B. Direct enrichment and high performance liquid chromatography analysis of ultra-trace Bisphenol A in water samples with narrowly dispersible Bisphenol A imprinted polymeric microspheres column. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1110:27-34. [PMID: 16472539 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2005] [Revised: 01/02/2006] [Accepted: 01/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Direct injection, enrichment and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of ultra-trace Bisphenol A (BPA) in water samples using one narrowly dispersible BPA imprinted polymeric microspheres (MIPM) column in one analysis process was developed. One BPA imprinted MIPM that had the best globular morphology and imprinted efficiency was used as HPLC stationary phase and applied to direct analysis of ultra-trace BPA in water. The optimum direct analysis conditions were: conditioning the MIPM column with water for 10min, injecting 40mL water sample directly, eluting with 70% methanol for 13min and then 100% methanol for 7min. Under the optimum conditions, the MIPM column can simultaneously extract, enrich, separate and determine ultra-trace BPA in one analysis process with UV detector by injection of large volume water samples (40mL). The calibration graph was linear with R(2)>0.998 in the ranges from 0.1-100nmol/L BPA standard solution. The intra- and inter-day RSD are less than 9.5 and 9.6%, respectively. The limit of quantification was 0.1nmol/L. RSD for spiked tap and lake water was less than 8.9% and the recoveries were 96-101.8%. The enrichment factor for BPA was 10,000 as 40mL water sample was directly injected and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, PR China
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