1
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Guo Q, Qin Y, Pan L, Xie F, Liu S, Sun X, Wang X, Cai J, Zhao X, Liu H. Accuracy improvement of determination of seven minor tobacco alkaloids in mainstream cigarette smoke using analyte protectants by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1684:463537. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2
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Balkan T, Yılmaz Ö. Method validation, residue and risk assessment of 260 pesticides in some leafy vegetables using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2022; 384:132516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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3
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Fu Y, Zhang J, Qin J, Dou X, Luo J, Yang M. Representative matrices for use in matrix-matched calibration in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of pesticide residues in different types of food-medicine plants. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Wang Y, Ning X, Li G, Sang N. New insights into potential estrogen agonistic activity of triazole fungicides and coupled metabolic disturbance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127479. [PMID: 34688002 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Triazole fungicides are highly effective pesticides widely used in plant protection, which has caused potential hazards to human health and ecological safety. To fully understand their potential hepatotoxicity, we first analyzed the transcriptome profiles in HepG2 cells treated with five triazole fungicides (hexiconazole (HEX), tebuconazole (TEB), propiconazole (PRO), cyproconazole (CYP), and difenoconazole (DIF)), and found that these pesticides remarkably affected estrogen signaling pathways, especially estrogen synthesis. Furthermore, we found that TEB, CYP, PRO and DIF had agonistic activity towards estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and elucidated the binding mode of triazole ligands with ERα using the reporter gene assay and molecular docking. Four triazole fungicides regulated eight major genes involved in estrogen synthesis (StAR, CYP11A1, 3βHSD2, CYP17, CYP19, CYP3A4, CYP1A2 and SCP2) and stimulated the secretion of 17β-estradiol (E2). Finally, we assessed possible metabolic outcomes caused by abnormal estrogen synthesis, and found that triazole fungicides affected the metabolism of various macromolecules (such as lipid, amino acid, and carbohydrate) and signal transduction. These findings will provide new insights into endocrine-disrupting effects of triazole fungicides and highlight their potential ecological and health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Xia Ning
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, PR China
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5
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Navarro‐Miró D, Blanco‐Moreno JM, Ciaccia C, Testani E, Iocola I, Depalo L, Burgio G, Kristensen H, Hefner M, Tamm K, Bender I, Persiani A, Diacono M, Montemurro F, Willekens K, Védie H, Bavec M, Robačer M, Arlotti D, Deltour P, De Neve S, Gebremikael MT, Chamorro L, Caballero‐López B, Pérez‐Ferrer A, Canali S, Sans FX. The concurrent assessment of agronomic, ecological and environmental variables enables better choice of agroecological service crop termination management. J Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Navarro‐Miró
- Agroecosystems Research Group, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), and Section of Botany and Mycology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - José M. Blanco‐Moreno
- Agroecosystems Research Group, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), and Section of Botany and Mycology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Corrado Ciaccia
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA‐AA) Rome Italy
| | - Elena Testani
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA‐AA) Rome Italy
| | - Ileana Iocola
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA‐AA) Rome Italy
| | - Laura Depalo
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro‐Alimentari (DISTAL) Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | - Giovanni Burgio
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro‐Alimentari (DISTAL) Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna Bologna Italy
| | | | - Margita Hefner
- Department of Food Science Aarhus University Aarhus N Denmark
| | - Kalvi Tamm
- Department of Agrotechnology Estonian Crop Research Institute Jõgeva Estonia
| | - Ingrid Bender
- Department of Jõgeva Plant Breeding Estonian Crop Research Institute Jõgeva Estonia
| | - Alessandro Persiani
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA‐AA) Bari Italy
| | - Mariangela Diacono
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA‐AA) Bari Italy
| | - Francesco Montemurro
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Vegetable and Ornamental Crops (CREA‐OF) Monsapolo del Tronto Italy
| | - Koen Willekens
- Plant Sciences Unit Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Merelbeke Belgium
| | - Hélène Védie
- Research Group in Organic Agriculture Maison de la Bio Avignon France
| | - Martina Bavec
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Organic Agriculture University of Maribor Hoče Slovenia
| | - Martina Robačer
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Organic Agriculture University of Maribor Hoče Slovenia
| | - Donatienne Arlotti
- Soil fertility and Water Protection Unit, Agriculture and Natural environment Department Walloon Agricultural Research Center (CRA‐W) Gembloux Belgium
| | | | - Stefaan De Neve
- Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management Research Group, Department of Environment Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Mesfin Tsegaye Gebremikael
- Soil Fertility and Nutrient Management Research Group, Department of Environment Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Lourdes Chamorro
- Agroecosystems Research Group, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), and Section of Botany and Mycology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | | | - Alejandro Pérez‐Ferrer
- Agroecosystems Research Group, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), and Section of Botany and Mycology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - Stefano Canali
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment (CREA‐AA) Rome Italy
| | - Francesc Xavier Sans
- Agroecosystems Research Group, Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio), and Section of Botany and Mycology, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology University of Barcelona Barcelona Spain
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6
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Rapid determination of lutein in fresh and commercial food samples using paper spray ionization mass spectrometry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Malhat F, Abdallah O, Ahmed F, Salam SA, Anagnostopoulos C, Ahmed MT. Dissipation behavior of thiophanate-methyl in strawberry under open field condition in Egypt and consumer risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1029-1039. [PMID: 32827299 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10186-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thiophanate methyl is a broad-spectrum benzimidazole fungicide extensively applied in pre- and post-harvest, for the control of a wide range of fruit and vegetable pathogens. In the current work, the residue behavior of thiophanate methyl after application on strawberries and an estimation of the consumer dietary exposure was performed. Supervised field trials were conducted in Egypt (Qaluobiya Governorate) as to investigate the residue dynamics and terminal residues at different PHIs of thiophanate methyl and its metabolite carbendazim in strawberries under Egyptian conditions. For the measurement of residues in fruits, a QuEChERS-based protocol coupled with LC-MS/MS was optimized and successfully validated at 0.01 mg kg-1. The half-life (t1/2) of thiophanate methyl in strawberries was estimated, and a dietary risk assessment was performed employing both FAO/WHO and EFSA approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farag Malhat
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt.
| | - Osama Abdallah
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Fayza Ahmed
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Shokr Abdel Salam
- Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, 12618, Egypt
| | - Chris Anagnostopoulos
- Department of Pesticides Control and Phytopharmacy, Laboratory of Pesticides Residues, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, 8 St. Delta Street, Kifissia, 14561, Athens, Greece.
| | - Mohamed Tawfic Ahmed
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
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8
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Fan S, Ma J, Cao M, Wang J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li Q, Chen J. Simultaneous determination of 15 pesticide residues in Chinese cabbage and cucumber by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry utilizing online turbulent flow chromatography. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Zhu Y, Du P, Yang J, Yin Q, Yang Y. Screening of multiclass pesticide residues in maca and Moringa oleifera by a modified QuEChERS sample preparation procedure and UPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:36906-36919. [PMID: 35517969 PMCID: PMC9057067 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06375d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method was proposed for the simultaneous analysis of 75 pesticides in maca and Moringa oleifera with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS). The developed method was validated in accordance with linearity, linear range, limit of detection, limit of quantification, accuracy, precision, and matrix effect. Each analyte had good linearity (R2 > 0.99) in the corresponding concentration range. The method LOD and LOQ values of all the analytes ranged from 0.01 μg kg−1 to 303.35 μg kg−1 and 0.03 μg kg−1 to 1011.15 μg kg−1, respectively. The recoveries (n = 6) of the analyzed pesticides were in the range of 75.92–113.43%. The RSDs of precision were between 0.60% and 7.36%. All matrix effect values ranged from 81.79% to 118.71% and 80.36% to 119.64% in maca and Moringa oleifera, respectively. The analysis of 103 samples showed the presence of isofenphos-methyl in some of them. The method had a good application prospect and could be used as a general approach for the quantitative determination of pesticide residues in food. In the present study, a modified QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method was proposed for the simultaneous analysis of 75 pesticides in maca and Moringa oleifera with UPLC-ESI-MS/MS.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Zhu
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China +86-87165113971 +86-87165113971.,Analysis and Test Center of Yunnan Province Kunming 650093 China.,Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China
| | - Ping Du
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China +86-87165113971 +86-87165113971.,Analysis and Test Center of Yunnan Province Kunming 650093 China
| | - Jun Yang
- Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650093 China +86-87165113971 +86-87165113971.,Analysis and Test Center of Yunnan Province Kunming 650093 China
| | - Qinhong Yin
- Faculty of Narcotics Control, Yunnan Police College Kunming 650223 China
| | - Yaling Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming 650500 China
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10
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Rodríguez-Ramos R, Lehotay SJ, Michlig N, Socas-Rodríguez B, Rodríguez-Delgado MÁ. Critical review and re-assessment of analyte protectants in gas chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1632:461596. [PMID: 33045497 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite nearly 80 years of advancements in gas chromatography (GC), indirect chemical matrix effects (MEs), known as the matrix-induced response enhancement effect, still occur to cause a high bias in the GC analysis of susceptible analytes, unless precautions are taken. Matrix-matched calibration is one common option used in GC to compensate for the MEs, but this approach is usually inconvenient, imprecise, and inefficient. Other options, such as the method of standard additions, surface deactivation techniques, chemical derivatizations, priming the GC, and/or use of internal standards, also have flaws in practice. When methods are accommodating, the use of analyte protectants (APs) can provide the best practical solution to not only overcome MEs, but also to maximize analyte signal by increasing chromatographic and detection efficiencies for the analytes. APs address the source of MEs in every injection by filling active sites in the GC inlet, column, and detector, particularly in GC-MS, rather than the analytes that would otherwise undergo degradation, peak tailing, and/or diminished response due to interactions with the active sites. The addition of an adequate amount of APs (e.g. sugar derivatives) to all calibration standards and final extracts alike often leads to lower detection limits, better accuracy, narrower peaks, and greater robustness than the other options to compensate for MEs in GC. This article consists of a critical review of the scientific literature, proposal of mechanisms and theory, and re-evaluation studies involving APs for the first time in GC-orbitrap and GC-MS/MS with a high-efficiency ion source design. The findings showed that 1 µg each of co-injected shikimic acid and sorbitol in the former case, and 1 µg shikimic acid alone in the latter case, led to high quality results in multi-residue analysis of pesticides and environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Rodríguez-Ramos
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Tenerife), España
| | - Steven J Lehotay
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Eastern Regional Research Center, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA, 19038, USA.
| | - Nicolás Michlig
- Programa de Investigación y Análisis de Residuos y Contaminantes Químicos (PRINARC), Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Bárbara Socas-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Delgado
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna (ULL). Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez, s/n. 38206 San Cristóbal de La Laguna (Tenerife), España
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11
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Combination of analyte protectants and sandwich injection to compensate for matrix effect of pesticides residue in GC–MS/MS. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Structure-based Identification of Endocrine Disrupting Pesticides Targeting Breast Cancer Proteins. Toxicology 2020; 439:152459. [PMID: 32278787 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2020.152459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting pesticides (EDPs) are exogenous compounds that disrupt endocrine activity. Human exposure to EDPs can occur through occupational contact, and through the consumption of food, milk and water with trace amounts of these pollutants. Several EDPs are epidemiologically linked to breast cancer or are considered as possible carcinogens. However, current evidence is not fully conclusive and their mechanisms of action remain unknown. Thus, the potential interactions between 262 EDPs and 189 proteins associated with breast cancer were evaluated by using a virtual high-throughput screening approach, with AutoDock Vina 1.1.1. The molecular coordinates were previously downloaded from Protein Data Bank and EDCs DataBank, and used for preparation and optimization in Sybyl X-2.0. The best affinity score (-11.0 kcal/mol) was obtained for flucythrinate with the nuclear receptor for vitamin D (VDR). This synthetic pyrethroid, along with other EDPs, such as fluvalinate, bifenthrin, cyhalothrin and cypermethrin, are proposed as multi-target ligands of several proteins related to breast cancer. In addition, the validation of our protocol showed a good accuracy in terms of binding pose prediction and affinity estimation. This study provides a guide to prioritize EDPs for which further in vitro and in vivo analysis could be done to evaluate the risk and possible mechanisms of action of these contaminants and their potential association with breast cancer.
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13
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Xie Y, Kou Q, Sun Q, Wang Y, Cao Y, Le T. Development and validation of an immunochromatography test strip for rapid detection of pyrimethanil residues. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2020.1733496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xie
- Department of Environmental Art and Design, Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiming Kou
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yarong Wang
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Environmental Art and Design, Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Le
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Simultaneous determination of nine dinitroaniline herbicides in environmental samples using a validated vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure coupled with GC–MS/MS. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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15
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Evaluation of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables from the Asir Region, Saudi Arabia. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25010205. [PMID: 31947847 PMCID: PMC6982748 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study’s aim was to determine the pesticide residues in 10 different vegetable commodities from the Asir region, Saudi Arabia. We evaluated 211 vegetable samples, collected from supermarkets between March 2018 and September 2018, for a total of 80 different pesticides using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) after extraction with a multi-residue method (the QuEChERS method). The results were assessed according to the maximum residue limit (MRL) provided by European regulations for each pesticide in each commodity. All lettuce, cauliflower, and carrot samples were found to be free from pesticide residues. A total of 145 samples (68.7%) contained detectable pesticide residues at or lower than MRLs, and 44 samples (20.9%) contained detectable pesticide residues above MRLs. MRL values were exceeded most often in chili pepper (14 samples) and cucumber (10 samples). Methomyl, imidacloprid, metalaxyl, and cyproconazole were the most frequently detected pesticides. Based on the results of this study, we recommend that a government-supported program for the monitoring of pesticide residues in vegetables be established to promote consumers’ health and achieve sustainable farming systems.
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16
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Laughton S, Laycock A, von der Kammer F, Hofmann T, Casman EA, Rodrigues SM, Lowry GV. Persistence of copper-based nanoparticle-containing foliar sprays in Lactuca sativa (lettuce) characterized by spICP-MS. JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH 2019; 21:174. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-019-4620-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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17
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Cao Y, Shi H, Le T, Tang R, Xie Y. Development a monoclonal antibody-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening pyrimethanil in fruits and vegetables. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1608160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Cao
- Department of Environmental Art and Design, Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haixing Shi
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Le
- College of Life Science, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Tang
- Chongqing Daliangzao Landscape Design Engineering Co., Ltd., Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Xie
- Department of Environmental Art and Design, Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Witton JT, Pickering MD, Alvarez T, Reed M, Weyman G, Hodson ME, Ashauer R. Quantifying pesticide deposits and spray patterns at micro-scales on apple (Malus domesticus) leaves with a view to arthropod exposure. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2018; 74:2884-2893. [PMID: 29999226 PMCID: PMC6282537 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pesticides used in commercial crop systems can adversely affect non-target arthropod populations. The spatial distribution of pesticide residues is rarely studied at scales relevant to these populations. Here, we combine two methods for assessing pesticide spray deposits at spatial scales relevant to non-target arthropods found in apple orchards. Pesticide residues were determined on individual apple leaves through conventional residue analysis; water-sensitive paper was used to investigate spatial distributions in deposits at the micro-scale. We also evaluated how accurately a digital image analysis program estimated pesticide residues. RESULTS We found that mean pesticide spray coverage on water-sensitive paper varied by up to 6.1% (95% CI 9.4%, 2.7%) within an apple orchard, and leaf residues varied by up to 0.95 (95% CI 0.54, 1.36) mg kg-1 within a tree. Leaf residues based on analytical chemistry were six times lower than pesticide deposition estimated through image analysis of water-sensitive paper, although these correlated strongly. This correlation allowed estimation of actual residues by application of a correction factor. CONCLUSION Our method demonstrates accurate estimation of pesticide deposits at the individual leaf scale through digital analysis of water-sensitive paper and is a low-cost, rapid alternative to conventional residue analysis techniques. © 2018 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Melissa Reed
- Chemicals Regulation Division, Health and Safety ExecutiveYorkUK
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19
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Farina Y, Munawar N, Abdullah MP, Yaqoob M, Nabi A. Fate, distribution, and bioconcentration of pesticides impact on the organic farms of Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:386. [PMID: 29884954 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6762-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), organophosphate pesticides (OPPs), and pyrethroid pesticides (PYRs) residues in the leafy vegetables were analyzed together with the soil samples using gas chromatography-electron capture detector. Edible tissues of vegetables showed detectable residues of these compounds indicating the influence of the conventional farms and nearby organic farms. In the vegetables, the OCPs concentrations were recorded as nd-133.3 ng/g, OPPs as nd-200 ng/g, and PYRs as nd-33.3 ng/g. In the soil, the OCPs concentrations were recorded as nd-30.6 ng/g, OPPs as nd-26.6 ng/g, and for PYRs as nd-6.7 ng/g. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) was higher for the OPPs (0.3) than the OCPs and PYRs (1.1). The OCPs concentration in the vegetables decreased in the following order: spinach > celery > broccoli > cauliflower > cabbage > lettuce > mustard. For OPPs, the concentration decreased in the following order: cauliflower > spinach > celery > cabbage > broccoli > lettuce > mustard and for PYRs as spinach > celery > lettuce > cabbage > broccoli. Principal component analysis indicates that the sources of these pesticides are not the same, and the pesticide application on the vegetables depends on the type of crop. There is a significant positive correlation between OPPs and the soil (r = 0.65) as compared to OCPs and PYRs (r = 0.1) as the vegetables accumulated OPPs more efficiently than OCPs and PYRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Farina
- Centre for Water Research and Analysis (ALIR) Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Nusrat Munawar
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta, Pakistan.
| | - Md Pauzi Abdullah
- Centre for Water Research and Analysis (ALIR) Faculty of Science and Technology, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nabi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Balochistan, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan
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Mandrile L, Giovannozzi A, Durbiano F, Martra G, Rossi A. Rapid and sensitive detection of pyrimethanil residues on pome fruits by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering. Food Chem 2018; 244:16-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Dissipation kinetics, pre-harvest residue limits, and dietary risk assessment of the systemic fungicide metalaxyl in Swiss chard grown under greenhouse conditions. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 92:201-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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22
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Farha W, Abd El-Aty AM, Rahman MM, Jeong JH, Shin HC, Wang J, Shin SS, Shim JH. Analytical approach, dissipation pattern and risk assessment of pesticide residue in green leafy vegetables: A comprehensive review. Biomed Chromatogr 2017; 32. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Waziha Farha
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - A. M. Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Cairo University; Giza Egypt
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Md. Musfiqur Rahman
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hoon Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine; Chung-Ang University; Dongjak-gu Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Chul Shin
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Konkuk University; Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety; Ministry of Agriculture; Beijing People's Republic of China
| | - Sung Shik Shin
- Laboratory of Parasitology, College of Veterinary Medicine; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Han Shim
- Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Chonnam National University; Gwangju Republic of Korea
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23
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Pérez-Rodríguez P, Soto-Gómez D, Paradelo M, López-Periago JE. Concentration levels of new-generation fungicides in throughfall released by foliar wash-off from vineyards. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:467-475. [PMID: 28837913 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 08/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of agricultural pesticides in the environment and their effects on ecosystems are major concerns addressed in a significant number of articles. However, limited information is available on the pesticide concentrations released from crops. This study reports losses of new-generation fungicides by foliar wash-off from vineyards and their potential impact on the concentrations of their main active substances (AS) in surface waters. Two experimental plots devoted to vineyards were treated with various combinations of commercial new-generation fungicide formulations. Then, up to sixteen throughfall collectors were installed under the canopy. Concentrations of sixteen different AS in throughfall were determined along nine rainfall episodes. Concentrations in throughfall far exceeded the maximum permissible levels for drinking water established by the European Union regulations. Dynamics of fungicide release indicated a first-flush effect in the wash-off founding the highest concentrations of AS in the first rain episodes after application of the fungicides. This article shows that foliar spray application of commercial formulations of new-generation fungicides does not prevent the release of their AS to soil or the runoff. Concentration data obtained in this research can be valuable in supporting the assessment of environmental effects of new-generation fungicides and modeling their environmental fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pérez-Rodríguez
- Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - D Soto-Gómez
- Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - M Paradelo
- Department of Agroecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, P.O. Box 50, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - J E López-Periago
- Área de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Departamento de Bioloxía Vexetal e Ciencias do Solo, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidad de Vigo, 32004, Ourense, Spain
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Ma D, Chen L, Liu R. Removal of novel antiandrogens identified in biological effluents of domestic wastewater by activated carbon. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 595:702-710. [PMID: 28407587 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.03.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Environmental antiandrogenic (AA) contaminants in effluents from wastewater treatment plants have the potential for negative impacts on wildlife and human health. The aim of our study was to identify chemical contaminants with likely AA activity in the biological effluents and evaluate the removal of these antiandrogens (AAs) during advanced treatment comprising adsorption onto granular activated carbon (GAC). In this study, profiling of AA contaminants in biological effluents and tertiary effluents was conducted using effect-directed analysis (EDA) including high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fractionation, a recombinant yeast screen containing androgen receptor (YAS), in combination with mass spectrometry analyses. Analysis of a wastewater secondary effluent from a membrane bioreactor revealed complex profiles of AA activity comprising 14 HPLC fractions and simpler profiles of GAC effluents with only 2 to 4 moderately polar HPLC fractions depending on GAC treatment conditions. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-nanospray mass spectrometry analyses of AA fractions in the secondary effluent resulted in detection of over 10 chemical contaminants, which showed inhibition of YAS activity and were potential AAs. The putative AAs included biocides, food additives, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals and industrial contaminants. To our knowledge, it is the first time that the AA properties of N-ethyl-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide (WS3), cetirizine, and oxcarbazepine are reported. The EDA used in this study was proven to be a powerful tool to identify novel chemical structures with AA activity in the complex aquatic environment. The adsorption process to GAC of all the identified antiandrogens, except WS3 and triclosan, fit well with the pseudo-second order kinetics models. Adsorption to GAC could further remove most of the AAs identified in the biological effluents with high efficiencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Lujun Chen
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China.
| | - Rui Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Science and Technology, Zhejiang, Jiaxing 314006, China
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Farina Y, Abdullah MP, Bibi N, Khalik WMAWM. Determination of pesticide residues in leafy vegetables at parts per billion levels by a chemometric study using GC-ECD in Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. Food Chem 2017; 224:55-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fernández-Cruz T, Martínez-Carballo E, Simal-Gándara J. Perspective on pre- and post-natal agro-food exposure to persistent organic pollutants and their effects on quality of life. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 100:79-101. [PMID: 28089279 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adipose tissue constitutes a continual source of internal exposure to organic pollutants (OPs). When fats mobilize during pregnancy and breastfeeding, OPs could affect foetal and neonatal development, respectively. SCOPE AND APPROACH The main aim of this review is to deal with pre- and post-natal external exposure to organic pollutants and their effects on health, proposing prevention measures to reduce their risk. The goal is the development of a biomonitoring framework program to estimate their impact on human health, and prevent exposure by recommending some changes in personal lifestyle habits. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS It has been shown that new studies should be developed taking into account their cumulative effect and the factors affecting their body burden. In conclusion, several programs should continuously be developed by different health agencies to have a better understanding of the effect of these substances and to develop a unified public policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Fernández-Cruz
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Elena Martínez-Carballo
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesús Simal-Gándara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Food Science and Technology Faculty, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
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27
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Cho J, Lee J, Lim CU, Ahn J. Quantification of pesticides in food crops using QuEChERS approaches and GC-MS/MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1803-1816. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1235800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jimi Cho
- National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service, Chonam Laboratory, Gwangju, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jonghwa Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Gwangju, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chai-Uk Lim
- National Agricultura Products Quality Management Service, Research Center, Kyungpuk, Korea
| | - Jongsung Ahn
- National Agricultura Products Quality Management Service, Research Center, Kyungpuk, Korea
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28
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Fukui N, Takatori S, Yamaguchi S, Kitagawa Y, Yoshimitsu M, Osakada M, Kajimura K, Obana H. [Validation Study on a Multi-Residue Method for Determination of Pesticide Residues in Vegetables and Fruits by using General Matrix Standard Solutions]. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 2016; 56:178-84. [PMID: 26346863 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.56.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative methods using the matrix-matched standard solutions approach are widely used for multi-residue pesticide determination by GC-MS/MS to deal with the issue of matrix effects. However, preparing matrix-matched standard solutions in analyses of many kinds of samples is very time-consuming. In order to solve this problem, a method that employs general matrix standard solutions has been developed using polyethylene glycol (PEG), extract of vegetables-fruit juice (VFJm) and triphenyl phosphate (named the PEG-VFJm method). Here, a validation study for 168 pesticides was performed on three kinds of samples [potato, spinach and apple] at concentrations of 0.010 and 0.050 μg/g. In these three commodities, 144 to 158 pesticides satisfied the required criteria using the matrix-matched method and 129 to 149 pesticides satisfied the same criteria using the PEG-VFJm method. Our results suggest that application of general matrix standard solutions would enable rapid and effective analyses of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Fukui
- Osaka Prefectural Institute of Public Health
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29
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Farina Y, Abdullah PB, Bibi N. Extraction procedures in gas chromatographic determination of pesticides. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816040092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Oellig C, Melde T. Screening for total ergot alkaloids in rye flour by planar solid phase extraction–fluorescence detection and mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1441:126-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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31
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Chayata H, Lassalle Y, Nicol É, Manolikakes S, Souissi Y, Bourcier S, Gosmini C, Bouchonnet S. Characterization of the ultraviolet-visible photoproducts of thiophanate-methyl using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution tandem mass spectrometry-Detection in grapes and tomatoes. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1441:75-82. [PMID: 26961913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
UV-visible irradiation of thiophanate-methyl (TM) led to the formation of nine photoproducts that were characterized by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). Although carbendazime has been reported in the literature to be the major metabolite and photoproduct of thiophanate-methyl, it was not detected in this study. However, an isomer of carbendazime referred as PP2, which was unambiguously characterized owing to CID experiments, was found in great abundance. Grape berries and cherry tomatoes treated with aqueous solutions of thiophanate-methyl were submitted to irradiation under laboratory conditions. TM and PP2 were detected in both peel and flesh of berries. The ability of TM and PP2 to pass through the fruit skin has been shown to be highly compound and matrix dependent. In vitro bioassays on Vibrio fischeri bacteria showed that the global ecotoxicity of the TM solution increases significantly with the irradiation time. PP2 should likely contribute to this ecotoxicity enhancement since in silico estimations for Daphnia magna provide a LC50 value seven times lower for PP2 than for the parent molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Chayata
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Yannick Lassalle
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Édith Nicol
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sophia Manolikakes
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Yasmine Souissi
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Sophie Bourcier
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Corinne Gosmini
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Stéphane Bouchonnet
- LCM, CNRS, École Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France.
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32
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Fillatre Y, Rondeau D, Daguin A, Communal PY. A workflow for multiclass determination of 256 pesticides in essential oils by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry using evaporation and dilution approaches: Application to lavandin, lemon and cypress essential oils. Talanta 2016; 149:178-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Lamichhane JR, Dachbrodt-Saaydeh S, Kudsk P, Messéan A. Toward a Reduced Reliance on Conventional Pesticides in European Agriculture. PLANT DISEASE 2016; 100:10-24. [PMID: 30688570 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-15-0574-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Whether modern agriculture without conventional pesticides will be possible or not is a matter of debate. The debate is meaningful within the context of rising health and environmental awareness on one hand, and the global challenge of feeding a steadily growing human population on the other. Conventional pesticide use has come under pressure in many countries, and some European Union (EU) Member States have adopted policies for risk reduction following Directive 2009/128/EC, the sustainable use of pesticides. Highly diverse crop production systems across Europe, having varied geographic and climatic conditions, increase the complexity of European crop protection. The economic competitiveness of European agriculture is challenged by the current legislation, which banned the use of many previously authorized pesticides that are still available and applied in other parts of the world. This challenge could place EU agricultural production at a disadvantage, so EU farmers are seeking help from the research community to foster and support integrated pest management (IPM). Ensuring stable crop yields and quality while reducing the reliance on pesticides is a challenge facing the farming community is today. Considering this, we focus on several diverse situations in European agriculture in general and in European crop protection in particular. We emphasize that the marked biophysical and socio-economic differences across Europe have led to a situation where a meaningful reduction in pesticide use can hardly be achieved. Nevertheless, improvements and/or adoption of the knowledge and technologies of IPM can still achieve large gains in pesticide reduction. In this overview, the current pest problems and their integrated management are discussed in the context of specific geographic regions of Europe, with a particular emphasis on reduced pesticide use. We conclude that there are opportunities for reduction in many parts of Europe without significant losses in crop yields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silke Dachbrodt-Saaydeh
- Julius Kühn-Institut, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Stahnsdorfer Damm 81, 14532 Kleinmachnow, Germany
| | - Per Kudsk
- Aarhus University, Department of Agroecology, Forsoegsvej 1, 4200 Slagelse 14 Denmark
| | - Antoine Messéan
- INRA, UAR 1240 Eco-Innov, BP 01, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Millot F, Berny P, Decors A, Bro E. Little field evidence of direct acute and short-term effects of current pesticides on the grey partridge. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 117:41-61. [PMID: 25828892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Direct lethal and sublethal effects of pesticides on farmland birds' populations are recurring questions and largely debated. In this context, we conducted an innovative study combining radiotelemetry, farmer surveys, residue analyses on carcasses and modelling to assess the unintentional effects of pesticides on terrestrial birds. We chose the grey partridge Perdix perdix as a case study because this typical bird of European cereal ecosystems is highly exposed to pesticides. In this paper we focused on acute and short-term impacts of pesticides on adult mortality during spring and summer in a one-substance approach (multiple exposure were not studied here) but for a large variety of active substances (a.s.) actually used in cultivated farmland of Northern France. The fate and the location of 529 partridges were monitored twice a day from early March to late August 2010 and 2011 on 12 sites (14,500 ha). Their daily potential exposure to 183 a.s. was determined by overlapping birds' habitat use and daily pesticide application data. Based on this procedure, we calculated mortality rates within 10 days following a potential exposure for 157 different a.s.. 5 a.s. were associated with a "10-day mortality rate" higher than 10% but a single one (thiacloprid) is reported to be highly toxic to birds. We recorded 261 mortalities among which 94 carcasses were in suitable condition for residue analyses. We detected at least one a.s in 39.4% of carcasses. However, only 2 mortality cases were attributed to poisoning (carbofuran). Furthermore, modelling results showed that these lethal pesticide-related poisonings decreased the population growth rate by less than 1%. In conclusion, we did not point out important direct acute and short-term effects of pesticides currently used by farmers during the breeding season on the grey partridge. This is discussed with regards to the complexity of potential effects in operational conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Millot
- National Game and Wildlife Institute (ONCFS), Research Department, Saint Benoist, 78610 Auffargis, France.
| | - Philippe Berny
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Toxicology, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, 1, av Bourgelat, 69280 Marcy l'étoile, France
| | - Anouk Decors
- National Game and Wildlife Institute (ONCFS), Research Department, Saint Benoist, 78610 Auffargis, France
| | - Elisabeth Bro
- National Game and Wildlife Institute (ONCFS), Research Department, Saint Benoist, 78610 Auffargis, France
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35
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Lassalle Y, Nicol É, Genty C, Bourcier S, Bouchonnet S. Structural elucidation and estimation of the acute toxicity of the major UV-visible photoproduct of fludioxonil - detection in both skin and flesh samples of grape. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2015; 50:864-869. [PMID: 26169141 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-visible irradiation of fludioxonil was investigated with two photoreactors using either a mercury or xenon vapor lamp. In both cases, it led to the formation of only one photoproduct in significant amount: 2-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-2-(nitrosomethylene)-4-oxobutanenitrile, which has been characterized using Liquid Chromatography - High Resolution - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-HR-MS/MS) coupling. A photolysis pathway has been proposed to rationalize its formation in degassed water. In vitro bioassays on Vibrio fischeri bacteria showed that UV-vis irradiation of an aqueous solution of fludioxonil significantly increases its toxicity. Because no other by-product was detected in significant amount, the photoproduct mentioned above may be considered mainly responsible for this increase in toxicity. Grape berries treated with a 50 ppm aqueous solution of fludioxonil were submitted to UV-visible irradiation under laboratory conditions. The fungicide and photoproduct were detected in both skin and flesh of berries, even after they have been rinsed with water. The ability of the photoproduct to pass through the fruit skin is comparable with that of fludioxonil. These results are of concern for consumers because they mean that water tap rinsing does not lead to efficient removing of both compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Lassalle
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire - UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex, 91128, France
| | - Édith Nicol
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire - UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex, 91128, France
| | - Christophe Genty
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire - UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex, 91128, France
| | - Sophie Bourcier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire - UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex, 91128, France
| | - Stéphane Bouchonnet
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire - UMR 9168, École Polytechnique, Palaiseau Cedex, 91128, France
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36
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New practical approach for using an analyte protectant for priming in routine gas chromatographic analysis. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Walorczyk S, Drożdżyński D, Kierzek R. Determination of pesticide residues in samples of green minor crops by gas chromatography and ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry. Talanta 2014; 132:197-204. [PMID: 25476298 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A method was developed for pesticide analysis in samples of high chlorophyll content belonging to the group of minor crops. A new type of sorbent, known as ChloroFiltr, was employed for dispersive-solid phase extraction cleanup (dispersive-SPE) to reduce the unwanted matrix background prior to concurrent analysis by gas chromatography and ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS). Validation experiments were carried out on green, unripe plants of lupin, white mustard and sorghum. The overall recoveries at the three spiking levels of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.5 mg kg(-1) fell in the range between 68 and 120% (98% on average) and 72-104% (93% on average) with relative standard deviation (RSD) values between 2 and 19% (7% on average) and 3-16% (6% on average) by GC-MS/MS and UPLC-MS/MS technique, respectively. Because of strong enhancement or suppression matrix effects (absolute values >20%) which were exhibited by about 80% of the pesticide and matrix combinations, acceptably accurate quantification was achieved by using matrix-matched standards. Up to now, the proposed method has been successfully used to study the dissipation patterns of pesticides after application on lupin, white mustard, soya bean, sunflower and field bean in experimental plot trials conducted in Poland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanisław Walorczyk
- Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Drożdżyński
- Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland
| | - Roman Kierzek
- Institute of Plant Protection-National Research Institute, Władysława Węgorka 20, 60-318 Poznań, Poland
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38
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Sivaperumal P, Anand P, Riddhi L. Rapid determination of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2014; 168:356-65. [PMID: 25172721 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.07.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A multiresidue method, based on the sample preparation by solid-phase extraction cartridges and detection by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC/TOF-MS), was used for the analysis of 60 pesticides in vegetable and fruit samples. Quantitation by UHPLC/TOF-MS is accomplished by measuring the accurate mass of the protonated molecules [M+H](+). The mass accuracy typically obtained is routinely better than 2ppm. The rates of recovery for pesticides studied were satisfactory, ranging from 74% to 111% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 13.2%, at concentrations below 10μgkg(-1). The method limit of quantification (MLOQ) for most compounds was below the MRLs established by the Food Safety Standard Authority of India and the European Union. The uncertainty was determined using repeatability, recovery and calibration curves data for each pesticide. The method illustrated is suitable for routine quantitative analyses of pesticides in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sivaperumal
- Pesticide Toxicology Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Ahmedabad 380 016, India.
| | - P Anand
- Pesticide Toxicology Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Ahmedabad 380 016, India.
| | - L Riddhi
- Pesticide Toxicology Division, National Institute of Occupational Health, (Indian Council of Medical Research), Ahmedabad 380 016, India.
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39
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Ceuppens S, Hessel CT, de Quadros Rodrigues R, Bartz S, Tondo EC, Uyttendaele M. Microbiological quality and safety assessment of lettuce production in Brazil. Int J Food Microbiol 2014; 181:67-76. [PMID: 24829142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The microbiological quality and safety of lettuce during primary production in Brazil were determined by enumeration of hygiene indicators Escherichia coli, coliforms and enterococci and detection of enteric pathogens Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 in organic fertilizers, soil, irrigation water, lettuce crops, harvest boxes and worker's hands taken from six different lettuce farms throughout the crop growth cycle. Generic E. coli was a suitable indicator for the presence of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, while coliforms and enterococci were not. Few pathogens were detected: 5 salmonellae and 2 E. coli O157:H7 from 260 samples, of which only one was lettuce and the others were manure, soil and water. Most (5/7) pathogens were isolated from the same farm and all were from organic production. Statistical analysis revealed the following environmental and agro-technical risk factors for increased microbial load and pathogen prevalence in lettuce production: high temperature, flooding of lettuce fields, application of contaminated organic fertilizer, irrigation with water of inferior quality and large distances between the field and toilets. Control of the composting process of organic fertilizers and the irrigation water quality appear most crucial to improve and/or maintain the microbiological quality and safety during the primary production of lettuce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siele Ceuppens
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (LFMFP), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Claudia Titze Hessel
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rochele de Quadros Rodrigues
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Bartz
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo César Tondo
- Food Microbiology Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Institute (ICTA) of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (ICTA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Mieke Uyttendaele
- Ghent University, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation (LFMFP), Ghent, Belgium.
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40
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Oellig C, Schwack W. Planar solid phase extraction clean-up and microliter-flow injection analysis–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for multi-residue screening of pesticides in food. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1351:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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41
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Duca RC, Salquebre G, Hardy E, Appenzeller BM. Comparison of solid phase- and liquid/liquid-extraction for the purification of hair extract prior to multi-class pesticides analysis. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 955-956:98-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Comparison of QuEChERS official methodologies for the analysis of pesticide residues on Colombian fruit by GC-MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2014; 31:676-87. [PMID: 24499126 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2014.885660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Surveys of pesticide residues in fruit are important to demonstrate conformity with strict regulations of newly open markets for export of exotic fruit. Multi-residue methods are tools to ensure compliance with regulations and both the CEN and the AOAC have versions of QuEChERS that are used effectively as mainstream methods. The aim of this study was to assess their performance and pick the optimum one for this particular application using GC-MS. The use of graphitised carbon black (GCB) to improve clean-up was assessed. Optimisation of large volume injection (LVI) and implementation of concurrent back-flushing was needed in order to improve sensitivity at a low concentration levels for 33 pesticides (0.01 mg kg(-1)). Cleaner total ion current (TIC) profiles were obtained with the CEN method. Recoveries of most of the pesticides showed statistical differences (α = 0.05) when GCB was used in the AOAC method, unlike the CEN method. In general, GCB/no GCB use for CEN clean-up gave good, very similar results for all fruit, though some pesticides showed some adsorption on the GCB surface. The CEN general method was preferred since acceptable recoveries (> 80%) and RSD (< 20%) can be achieved for all analytes.
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43
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Fan S, Zhao P, Yu C, Pan C, Li X. Simultaneous determination of 36 pesticide residues in spinach and cauliflower by LC-MS/MS using multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based dispersive solid-phase clean-up. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 31:73-82. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.853324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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44
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Determination of insecticides malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin residues in zucchini by gas chromatography. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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45
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Detection of the residues of nineteen pesticides in fresh vegetable samples using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Food Control 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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46
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Lv Q, Zhang Q, Li W, Li H, Li P, Ma Q, Meng X, Qi M, Bai H. Determination of 48 fragrance allergens in toys using GC with ion trap MS/MS. J Sep Sci 2013; 36:3534-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201300586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lv
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Wentao Li
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Haiyu Li
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Pi Li
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qiang Ma
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xianshuang Meng
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Meiling Qi
- College of Chemistry; Beijing Institute of Technology; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Hua Bai
- Institute of Industrial and Consumer Product Safety; Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine; Beijing P. R. China
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47
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Fan S, Deng K, Yu C, Zhao P, Bai A, Li Y, Pan C, Li X. Influence of different planting seasons of six leaf vegetables on residues of five pesticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:9036-9044. [PMID: 23978278 DOI: 10.1021/jf4029078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the influence of different planting seasons on the dissipation of pesticides, field experiments of thiophanate-methyl, metalaxyl, fluazifop-P-butyl, chlorpyrifos, and λ-cyhalothrin on six crops including pakchoi, rape, crown daisy, amaranth, spinach, and lettuce were designed and conducted. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometer with multiple reaction monitoring was used to simultaneously determine thiophanate-methyl and its metabolite carbendazim, metalaxyl, and fluazifop-P-butyl in various samples; gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used to detect chlorpyrifos and λ-cyhalothrin. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) of these six pesticides were in the range of 0.001-0.01 mg kg(-1) for all samples, and the average recoveries of all pesticides ranged from 60.1 to 119.1% at 0.01 and 0.1 mg kg(-1) spiked levels. The relative standard deviation (RSD) ranged from 1.1 to 13.9%. All maximal concentrations of the six pesticides in six leaf vegetables in autumn were higher than in summer in Beijing. For most pesticides half-lives in autumn were longer than in summer. The results showed that the initial concentration, maximal concentration, and half-lives of pesticides were influenced not only by environmental factors such as light, heat, moisture, and rainy climate but also by plant matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufang Fan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science, China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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48
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Rapid determination of pesticide multiresidues in vegetables and fruits by accelerated solvent extraction coupled with online gel permeation chromatography-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Se Pu 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1123.2012.03039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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49
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Munitz MS, Resnik SL, Montti MI. Method development and validation for cyprodinil and fludioxonil in blueberries by solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography, and their degradation kinetics. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013; 30:1299-307. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2013.801085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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50
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Determination of Triazole Fungicides in Vegetable Samples by Magnetic Solid-Phase Extraction with Graphene-Coated Magnetic Nanocomposite as Adsorbent Followed by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Detection. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-013-9629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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