1
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Switchable hydrophilicity solvent based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction for enrichment of pyrethroid insecticides in wolfberry. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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2
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Occurrence of Selected Known or Suspected Endocrine-Disrupting Pesticides in Portuguese Surface Waters Using SPME-GC-IT/MS. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8060081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiresidue analytical methodology based on a solid-phase microextraction (SPME), followed by gas chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry (GC–IT/MS), has been developed for trace analysis of 20 known or suspected endocrine-disrupting pesticides. The SPME conditions are optimized considering several key parameters to obtain the maximum sensitivity. After the optimization, the method validation is performed, and the limits of detection (ranged from 2–150 ng/L) and the coefficient of determination (above 0.990) of studied compounds are determined for all the analytes. A robust sampling of twenty sampling points of surface water samples from the north and center of Portugal is performed, and the validated methodology is applied. In total, 20 compounds from four chemical families (13 organochlorine, 1 organophosphorus, 2 dicarboximide, and 4 pyrethroids) are studied, and the pesticides most frequently detected are eight organochlorine pesticides (α-, β-HCHs, lindane, HCB, o,p′-DDT, p,p′-DDE, p,p′-DDD, α-endosulfan), cypermethrin, and vinclozolin.
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3
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Zhu Q, Yang Y, Lao Z, Zhong Y, Zhang K, Zhao S. Photodegradation kinetics, mechanism and aquatic toxicity of deltamethrin, permethrin and dihaloacetylated heterocyclic pyrethroids. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 749:142106. [PMID: 33370902 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical methods attracted much research interests for their high-efficiency and low secondary pollution. Decomposition of synthetic pyrethroids, the fourth major group of insecticides in use worldwide, was also of great significance due to their possible environmental risks. The photodegradation of deltamethrin, permethrin and dihaloacetylated heterocyclic pyrethroids in methanol/acetone = 9/1 (by volume) by a 400 W mercury lamp was examined. The t1/2 of tested pyrethroids was less than 25 min, except for cis-permethrin with a t1/2 of up to 50 min. The trans-isomer of permethrin and compound DCA-01 with a smaller t1/2 might be more susceptible to degradation than their cis-isomer. Besides, the photodegradation of pyrethroids was divided into twelve pathways including isomerization, ester hydrolysis, ester bond cleavage, CO bond cleavage, 3,3-dimethylacrylate formation, double bond break, C1-C3 bond cleavage in cyclopropyl, reductive dehalogenation, decarboxylation, nucleophilic reagents attack on lone pair electrons on oxygen atoms in the phenyl ether, cyano hydrolysis, and halogenated hydrocarbon hydrolysis. The ECOSAR program displayed that pyrethroids and most of their photodegradation products were toxic to fish, daphnid, green algae. Particularly, some photodegradation products were more harmful to aquatic organisms than their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Zhu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiting Lao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Zhong
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Faculty of Biotechnology and Health, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Suqing Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Xu Q, Qiao K, Yan C, Liu Z, Lu R, Zhou W. Dispersive micro-solid phase extraction based on a graphene/polydopamine composite for the detection of pyrethroids in water samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3115-3122. [PMID: 32930171 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00562b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a simple, rapid, precise, and environmentally friendly microextraction named dispersive micro-solid phase extraction based on a graphene/polydopamine composite as a sorbent was investigated for the analysis of four pyrethroids (fenpropathrin, cyhalothrin, etofenprox and bifenthrin) in water samples. The graphene/polydopamine composite was successfully synthesized using a one-step method, and was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The simplicity and rapidity of dispersive micro-solid phase extraction and the high surface area and adsorptivity of the graphene/polydopamine composite were combined in the proposed method. Several main parameters, including the amount of the sorbent, extraction time, ionic strength and desorption conditions, were independently optimized and the results were compared to find the best extraction setup for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction. Under the optimal conditions, good linearity was observed for all the target analytes, with the coefficient of determination ranging from 0.9997 to 0.9999. The extraction recoveries obtained using the proposed method ranged from 76.81% to 85.29%, and the limits of detection varied from 1.5 to 3 μg L-1. In addition, the relative standard deviation values for the intra-day precision were between 0.41% and 3.00%, while the inter-day precision showed relative standard deviation values ranging from 1.61% to 5.59%. Overall, the figures of merit of the entire procedure showed that this technique could produce satisfactory results in the detection of pyrethroids in water samples or other organic pollutants in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Xu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kexin Qiao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Chen Yan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Zikai Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Runhua Lu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2#, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China.
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Yue ME, Lin Q, Xu J, Jiang TF. Headspace in-tube microextraction combined with reverse-flow micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography for detection of pyrethroid herbicides in fruits. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2018.00436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mei-E Yue
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Sensor Analysis of Tumor Marker, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Fu Jiang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
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6
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Factors controlling the fate of pyrethroids residues during post-harvest processing of raw agricultural crops: An overview. Food Chem 2019; 295:58-63. [PMID: 31174799 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Control of residual levels of synthetic pyrethroids in fresh fruits and vegetables as well as in foodstuff made of fresh agricultural produces is of utmost importance. Apart from the need to more control on application of pesticides by farmers, simple and effective postharvest practices by consumers and/or manufacturers usually applied to produces before consumption may enhance food safety from potentially harmful pesticide residues. The present review discusses the underline factors that control the effectiveness of crops postharvest treatments and the possible mechanisms of loss of pesticides during food processing. It is shown that the effectiveness of postharvest processes is controlled by various factors and that understanding such factors is essential for more control of residual pesticides. Though postharvest processes may lead to substantial reduction of residual pesticides, metabolites of broken pesticides are of great concern.
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7
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Yamini Y, Safari M. Magnetic Zink-based metal organic framework as advance and recyclable adsorbent for the extraction of trace pyrethroids. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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8
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Rösch A, Beck B, Hollender J, Singer H. Picogram per liter quantification of pyrethroid and organophosphate insecticides in surface waters: a result of large enrichment with liquid–liquid extraction and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:3151-3164. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01787-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Zhao B, Wu D, Chu H, Wang C, Wei Y. Magnetic mesoporous nanoparticles modified with poly(ionic liquids) with multi-functional groups for enrichment and determination of pyrethroid residues in apples. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:1896-1904. [PMID: 30828963 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Considering that the determination of pyrethroid residues is of value for the safety of food, a new poly(ionic liquid)-functionalized magnetic mesoporous nanoparticle was designed and used as an adsorbent in magnetic solid-phase extraction for the enrichment of eight pyrethroids. The porous structure and large surface area of the mesoporous silica shell endow the adsorbent with abundant binding sites. In contrast to the reported poly(ionic liquids) with only one kind of functional group in the cationic part, the new poly(ionic liquids) with mixed cyano and phenyl groups in cationic part matched the chemical structure of the analytes to improve extraction efficiency. Under the optimum conditions, an effective method was established for the determination of eight pyrethroids in apples. Adsorption equilibrium can be quickly reached in 1 min, greatly decreasing the extraction time. The linearity range was found to be 10-200 ng/g, and the detection limits ranged from 0.24 to 1.99 ng/g. Recoveries of analytes in apple samples ranged from 87.3 to 119.0%, with relative standard deviations varying in the range of 3-21.2% (intraday) and 0.3-15.2% (interday). The results indicate that the proposed method is a good candidate for pyrethroid residues in apple samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- Sunresin New Materials, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Huiyuan Chu
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Chaozhan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yinmao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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Kapsi M, Tsoutsi C, Paschalidou A, Albanis T. Environmental monitoring and risk assessment of pesticide residues in surface waters of the Louros River (N.W. Greece). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:2188-2198. [PMID: 30292989 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.09.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine environments are being constantly stressed by new sources of pollution (e.g. pesticides) derived from activities of industry and intensive agriculture. The present study aims at quantify pesticides of three different categories (fungicides, herbicides and insecticides) in the Louros River (Epirus region, North-Western Greece). A monitoring study of 34 compounds was carried out in surface river waters from June 2011 until May 2012. Seven water sampling stations were established and 35 water samples were collected. A solid-phase extraction (SPE) method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), depending on the compound, was developed and validated. During the monitoring study 25 pesticides were detected (13 herbicides, 9 insecticides, 3 fungicides). The most commonly encountered pesticides were quizalofop-ethyl, trifluralin and pendimethaline. Tebufenpyrad was found in all sampling stations and seasons, with the highest concentrations of 0.330 μg/L at Tsopeli Lagoon exceeding the rather low concentrations reported nationwide. Regarding the environmental risk due to the presence of target compounds in surface waters, this was estimated by calculating risk quotients (RQs) for different aquatic organisms (algae, zooplankton and fish). The results denoted a possible threat for the aquatic environment, rendering in this way the RQ method as a useful screening tool. In any case, further extensive study is needed for acetochlor, pirimiphos-methyl, endosulfan-a and azinphos-ethyl in order to better correlate their occurrence and potential toxic effects in aquatic life and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Kapsi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Charoula Tsoutsi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Anastasia Paschalidou
- Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200, Greece
| | - Triantafyllos Albanis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Panepistimioupolis, Ioannina 45110, Greece.
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Šimura J, Antoniadi I, Široká J, Tarkowská D, Strnad M, Ljung K, Novák O. Plant Hormonomics: Multiple Phytohormone Profiling by Targeted Metabolomics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 177:476-489. [PMID: 29703867 PMCID: PMC6001343 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones are physiologically important small molecules that play essential roles in intricate signaling networks that regulate diverse processes in plants. We present a method for the simultaneous targeted profiling of 101 phytohormone-related analytes from minute amounts of fresh plant material (less than 20 mg). Rapid and nonselective extraction, fast one-step sample purification, and extremely sensitive ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry enable concurrent quantification of the main phytohormone classes: cytokinins, auxins, brassinosteroids, gibberellins, jasmonates, salicylates, and abscisates. We validated this hormonomic approach in salt-stressed and control Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings, quantifying a total of 43 endogenous compounds in both root and shoot samples. Subsequent multivariate statistical data processing and cross-validation with transcriptomic data highlighted the main hormone metabolites involved in plant adaptation to salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Šimura
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical Biology and Genetics, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ioanna Antoniadi
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden
| | - Jitka Široká
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Danuše Tarkowská
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Strnad
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karin Ljung
- Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, and Faculty of Science, Palacký University, CZ-783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Pastor-Belda M, Navarro-Jiménez T, Garrido I, Viñas P, Campillo N, Fenoll J, Hernández-Córdoba M. Magnetic solid-phase extraction or dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for pyrethroid determination in environmental samples. J Sep Sci 2018; 41:2565-2575. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pastor-Belda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Tania Navarro-Jiménez
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Isabel Garrido
- Equipo de Calidad Alimentaria; Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA); Murcia Spain
| | - Pilar Viñas
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - Natalia Campillo
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
| | - José Fenoll
- Equipo de Calidad Alimentaria; Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA); Murcia Spain
| | - Manuel Hernández-Córdoba
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Regional Campus of International Excellence “Campus Mare Nostrum”; University of Murcia; Murcia Spain
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Tuck S, Furey A, Crooks S, Danaher M. A review of methodology for the analysis of pyrethrin and pyrethroid residues in food of animal origin. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2018; 35:911-940. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2017.1420919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Tuck
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Department of Physical Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ambrose Furey
- Mass Spectrometry Research Group, Department of Physical Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Steven Crooks
- Chemical Surveillance Branch, Veterinary Sciences Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, UK
| | - Martin Danaher
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
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14
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Wang K, Xie X, Zhang Y, Huang Y, Zhou S, Zhang W, Lin Y, Fan H. Combination of microwave-assisted extraction and ultrasonic-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for separation and enrichment of pyrethroids residues in Litchi fruit prior to HPLC determination. Food Chem 2018; 240:1233-1242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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15
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Hooshfar S, Mortuza TB, Rogers CA, Linzey MR, Gullick DR, Bruckner JV, White CA, Bartlett MG. Gas chromatography/negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry of transfluthrin in rat plasma and brain. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1573-1581. [PMID: 28708331 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Transfluthrin is a relatively non-toxic rapid-acting synthetic pyrethroid insecticide. It is widely used in household and hygiene products. A sensitive and accurate bioanalytical method is required for quantification of its concentration in plasma and its potential target organ, the brain for studies to assess its health effects and toxicokinetics in mammals. METHODS The samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis was performed for the determination of transfluthrin in biological samples with an overall method run time of 15 min. Transfluthrin was quantified using selected-ion monitoring (SIM) in the negative chemical ionization (NCI) mode. Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Zebron® ZB5-MS GC column operating with 1 mL/min constant flow helium. Cis-Permethrin was used as the internal standard. RESULTS The method was validated to be precise and accurate within the linear range of 1.0-400.0 ng/mL in plasma and 4.0-400.0 ng/mL in brain homogenate, based on a 100 μL sample volume for both matrices. This method was applied to samples following administration of a 10 mg/kg oral dose to male adult rats. The plasma concentrations were observed to be 11.70 ± 5.69 ng/mL and brain concentrations 12.09 ± 3.15 ng/g when measured 2 h post-dose. CONCLUSIONS A rapid GC/NCI-MS method was demonstrated to be sensitive, specific, precise and accurate for the quantification of transfluthrin in rat plasma and brain. The optimized method was successfully used to quantify the rat plasma and brain concentrations of transfluthrin 2 h after the oral dosing of Sprague-Dawley rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hooshfar
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - Tanzir B Mortuza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - Clinton A Rogers
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - Michael R Linzey
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - Darren R Gullick
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - James V Bruckner
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - Catherine A White
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
| | - Michael G Bartlett
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2352, USA
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16
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Salting-out assisted liquid–liquid extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in high salinity and biological samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 143:222-227. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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17
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Hooshfar S, Gullick DR, Linzey MR, Mortuza T, Abdel Rahman MH, Rogers CA, Bruckner JV, White CA, Bartlett MG. Simultaneous determination of cis-permethrin and trans-permethrin in rat plasma and brain tissue using gas chromatography–negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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18
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Simultaneous determination of pyrethroids and pyrethrins by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in environmental samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:4787-4799. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0422-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sousa AS, Duaví WC, Cavalcante RM, Milhome MAL, do Nascimento RF. Estimated Levels of Environmental Contamination and Health Risk Assessment for Herbicides and Insecticides in Surface Water of Ceará, Brazil. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2016; 96:90-95. [PMID: 26537372 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-015-1686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Methodology using solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography (SPE-C18/HPLC-DAD) was applied to pesticide determinations in ten water reservoirs in the semidarid region of northeastern Brazil. The validated method was suitable for determination of herbicides and insecticide in surface water. The recovery efficiency of atrazine, methyl-parathion and simazine was approximately 70%. The method also showed good linearity and selectivity with correlation coefficients (R) greater than 0.99. The limits of detection were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) established by government agencies. Studied reservoirs showed presence of atrazine at mean levels from 7.0 to 15.0 µg/L. Simazine and methyl parathion were not detected during the period. The atrazine levels measured from this semiarid region are of the same magnitude as those found in regions with moderate to high agricultural activity. According to detected atrazine concentrations, the annual health risk to humans was insignificant. However, the control of herbicides is important to maintain the quality of water in the reservoirs of Ceará, Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayla S Sousa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, R. Humberto Monte S/N, Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60451-970, Brazil
| | - Wersângela C Duaví
- Marine Sciences Institute, Federal University of Ceará, Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Rivelino M Cavalcante
- Marine Sciences Institute, Federal University of Ceará, Av. Abolição, 3207-Meireles, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60165-081, Brazil
| | - Maria Aparecida L Milhome
- Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Ceará, Rodovia Iguatu/Várzea Alegre, Km 05 - Vila Cajazeiras, Iguatu, CE, CEP 63500-00, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo F do Nascimento
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, R. Humberto Monte S/N, Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, CEP 60451-970, Brazil.
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In situ metathesis reaction combined with liquid-phase microextraction based on the solidification of sedimentary ionic liquids for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in water samples. Talanta 2015; 144:98-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 05/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Moschet C, Vermeirssen ELM, Seiz R, Pfefferli H, Hollender J. Picogram per liter detections of pyrethroids and organophosphates in surface waters using passive sampling. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 66:411-422. [PMID: 25240608 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids and organophosphates are among the most toxic insecticides for aquatic organisms, leading to annual-average environmental quality standards (AA-EQS) in the picogram per liter range in surface waters. For monitoring purposes, it is therefore crucial to develop very sensitive analytical methods. Until now, it is very difficult to reach detection limits at or below given AA-EQSs. Here, we present a passive sampling method using silicone rubber (SR) sheets for the sampling of ten pyrethroids and two organophosphates in surface waters. An analytical method was developed, optimized and validated for the extraction of the insecticides from the SR sheets by accelerated solvent extraction followed by clean-up on C18 and silica gel and detection with GC-MS/MS in positive ionization mode. Good precision (<20%) and absolute recovery (>50%) was observed for all substances, accuracy was between 66% and 139%. Limits of detection between 6 and 200 pg/L were achieved for all substances in surface waters using average sampling rates for PCBs and PAHs. The lack of substance-specific sampling rates and missing performance reference compounds led to an uncertainty in the concentration estimation of factor three in both directions. In a large field study, comprising 40 environmental samples from nine Swiss rivers, eight out of 12 substances were detected (most frequently: chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin). Most of the estimated organophosphate concentrations were between 0.1 and 1 ng/L, most pyrethroid detections below 0.1 ng/L. Four substances (chlorpyrifos-methyl, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin) showed exceedances of their respective AA-EQS in multiple samples, also when the uncertainties in the concentration estimation were considered. As pyrethroid and organophosphate detection by SR passive sampling is very practicable and allows sensitive analysis, it has the potential to become a new tool in the monitoring of non-polar pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Moschet
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Remo Seiz
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences and Facility Management, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | | | - Juliane Hollender
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland; Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Multivariate optimization for extraction of pyrethroids in milk and validation for GC-ECD and CG-MS/MS analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2014; 11:11421-37. [PMID: 25380457 PMCID: PMC4245621 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple and inexpensive method based on solvent extraction followed by low temperature clean-up was applied for determination of seven pyrethroids residues in bovine raw milk using gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography with electron-capture detector (GC-ECD). Sample extraction procedure was established through the evaluation of seven different extraction protocols, evaluated in terms of analyte recovery and cleanup efficiency. Sample preparation optimization was based on Doehlert design using fifteen runs with three different variables. Response surface methodologies and polynomial analysis were used to define the best extraction conditions. Method validation was carried out based on SANCO guide parameters and assessed by multivariate analysis. Method performance was considered satisfactory since mean recoveries were between 87% and 101% for three distinct concentrations. Accuracy and precision were lower than ±20%, and led to no significant differences (p < 0.05) between results obtained by GC-ECD and GC-MS/MS techniques. The method has been applied to routine analysis for determination of pyrethroid residues in bovine raw milk in the Brazilian National Residue Control Plan since 2013, in which a total of 50 samples were analyzed.
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Manzo V, Honda L, Navarro O, Ascar L, Richter P. Microextraction of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs from waste water samples by rotating-disk sorptive extraction. Talanta 2014; 128:486-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Li J, Xu L, Yu QW, Shi ZG, Zhang T, Liu Y. Construction of a portable sample preparation device with a magnetic poly(methacrylic acid-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) monolith as the extraction medium and its application in the enrichment of UV filters in water samples. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2732-7. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Li Xu
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Qiong-Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Zhi-Guo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine; Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
| | - Yan Liu
- Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation; Shandong Academy of Sciences; Qingdao China
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Wang J, Xiong J, Baker GA, JiJi RD, Baker SN. Developing microwave-assisted ionic liquid microextraction for the detection and tracking of hydrophobic pesticides in complex environmental matrices. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41139g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lin CH, Ponnusamy VK, Li HP, Jen JF. Fast Analysis of Synthetic Pyrethroid Metabolites in Water Samples Using In-Syringe Derivatization Coupled Hollow Fiber Mediated Liquid Phase Microextraction with GC-ECD. Chromatographia 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-012-2360-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Hollow fibre-based liquid-phase microextraction technique combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for the determination of pyrethroid insecticides in water samples. Talanta 2012; 100:246-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bakar NBA, Makahleh A, Saad B. In-vial liquid–liquid microextraction-capillary electrophoresis method for the determination of phenolic acids in vegetable oils. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 742:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Yu X, Sun Y, Jiang C, Sun X, Gao Y, Wang Y, Zhang H, Song D. Magnetic solid-phase extraction of five pyrethroids from environmental water samples followed by ultrafast liquid chromatography analysis. Talanta 2012; 98:257-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Revised: 07/04/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Zheng J, Guo H, Guo N, Ma W, Jing L, Zhang R, Dai Z, Yan X, Wang Y, Wang Z. A two-step pH-dependent liquid-liquid extraction combined with HPLC-fluorescence method for the determination of 10-hydroxycamptothecin in mouse liver tissue. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:954-961. [PMID: 22486519 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2011.654228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) shows high efficiency in the plasma sample preparation. However, this extraction method is not optimal for the biological samples containing complex organic interferences, such as liver and brain tissues. Some plant secondary metabolites can be converted between water-insoluble and water-soluble forms by pH adjustment. OBJECTIVE A two-step pH-dependent LLE method was introduced in this study to eliminate both water-soluble and lipidic interferences using the properties of pH-dependent interconvertible forms of analytes during sample preparation. A sensitive and reliable method using a reverse-phase HPLC coupled with a fluorescence detector was developed and validated. MATERIALS AND METHODS 10-Hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) with internal standard camptothecin and liver tissues were used as model compounds and biological samples. The lactone form of HCPT was converted to the water-soluble carboxylate form under moderate alkaline conditions, and the water-insoluble interferences were extracted with a nonpolar solvent. Afterward, the water-insoluble lactone form of HCPT was regenerated by acidification and then extracted using an organic solvent in a second LLE step. RESULTS The calibration curve was linear (r² > 0.999) for HCPT concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 160 ng/mL. The mean recoveries of HCPT were 114.94 ± 3.98, 104.30 ± 2.44 and 95.90 ± 1.40% (n = 6) at concentrations of 2.5, 10 and 80 ng/mL, respectively. The stability determination data showed that no significant degradation occurred under the experimental conditions. This method was successfully applied to liver tissue distribution study of HCPT in mice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This two-step LLE can be applied to distribution studies of compounds with pH-dependent interconvertible forms in other biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zheng
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University/Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration in Oil Field, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
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Zheng J, Zhang R, Shao C, Hu Z, Wang D, Yu T, Yan X, Wang Y. Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method with fluorescence detection for simultaneous determination of 10-methoxycamptothecin and its metabolite 10-hydroxycamptothecin in rat plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 903:81-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cobzac SC, Gocan S. CHROMATOGRAPHY: RECENT PROGRESS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.647193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Cavalcante RM, Lima DM, Fernandes GM, Duaví WC. Relation factor: A new strategy for quality control in the determination of pesticides in environmental aqueous matrices. Talanta 2012; 93:212-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 02/06/2012] [Accepted: 02/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abdolmohammad-Zadeh H, Sadeghi G. A nano-structured material for reliable speciation of chromium and manganese in drinking waters, surface waters and industrial wastewater effluents. Talanta 2012; 94:201-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2012.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Shi XZ, Song SQ, Sun AL, Liu JH, Li DX, Chen J. Rapid analysis of pyrethroid insecticides in aquaculture seawater samples viamembrane-assisted solvent extraction coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection. Analyst 2012; 137:437-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c1an15782e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Albaseer SS, Mukkanti K, Rao RN, Swamy Y. Analytical artifacts, sample handling and preservation methods of environmental samples of synthetic pyrethroids. Trends Analyt Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2011.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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37
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Cobzac SC, Gocan S. SAMPLE PREPARATION FOR HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY: RECENT PROGRESS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.588064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Codruta Cobzac
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Gocan
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Babes-Bolyai University , Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Some theoretical and practical aspects in the separation of humic substances by combined liquid chromatography methods. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:8946-57. [PMID: 21788022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.06.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Permanent need to understand nature, structure and properties of humic substances influences also separation methods that are in a wide scope used for fractionation, characterization and analysis of humic substances (HS). At the first glance techniques based on size-exclusion phenomena are the most useful and utilized for relating elution data to the molecular mass distribution of HS, however, with some limitations and exceptions, respectively, in the structural investigation of HS. The second most abundant separation mechanism is reversed-phase based on weak hydrophobic interactions beneficially combined with the step gradients inducing distinct features in rather featureless analytical signal of HS. Relatively great effort is invested to the developments of immobilized-metal affinity chromatography mimicking chelate-forming properties of HS as ligands in the environment. Surprisingly, relatively less attention is given to the ion-ion interactions based ion-exchange chromatography of HS. Chromatographic separation methods play also an important role in the examination of interactions of HS with pesticides. They allow us to determine binding constants and the other data necessary to predict the mobility of chemical pollutants in the environment. HS is frequently adversely acting in analytical procedures as interfering substance, so more detailed information is desired on manifestation of its numerous properties in analytical procedures. The article topic is covered by the review emphasizing advances in the field done in the period of last 10 years from 2000 till 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ballesteros-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Edificio Anexo Marie Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Soledad Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Edificio Anexo Marie Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Huang Y, Zhou Q, Xiao J. Establishment of trace determination method of pyrethroid pesticides with TiO2 nanotube array micro-solid phase equilibrium extraction combined with GC-ECD. Analyst 2011; 136:2741-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an01029d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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