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Jain D, Meena M, Singh D, Janmeda P. Isolation, development and validation of HPTLC method for the estimation of β-carotene from Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107843. [PMID: 37354729 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The present study is aimed to isolate terpenoids from Gymnosporia senegalensis through analytical and preparative thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and to determine their antioxidant activity using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay and to find out the presence of β-carotene through high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). The validation included linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), specificity, precision, recovery, and robustness. All the isolated compounds from TLC exhibited significant antioxidant activity. Among all, isolated compounds from leaf showed highest IC50 values. The highest total terpenoid content (TTC) was found 51.6 ± 0.06 in stem, then 49.02 ± 0.01 in bark, and 46.27 ± 0.01 in leaf. DPPH results indicated that leaf-isolated compound 1 (LIC1) showed the highest IC50 at 7.55 ± 0.02 and stem-isolated compound 2 (SIC2) showed the lowest IC50 at 0.616 ± 0.01 among all the isolated compounds of G. senegalensis. HPTLC separation was carried out on aluminium plates pre-coated with silica gel 60 F254 as the stationary phase and n-hexane: ethyl acetate (6:4, v/v) as the mobile phase. Quantification was achieved based on a densitometric analysis of β-carotene in the concentration range of 100-500 ng/band at 254 nm. For the calibration plots, linear regression produced r2 = 0.96450 and Rf = 0.27. The LOD and LOQ were 10.15 and 30.76 ng/mL for HPTLC and relative standard deviation were 137.26 ± 2.03 and 160.43 ± 2.95 (intra-day) and 127.88 ± 2.14 and 157.27 ± 1.90 (inter-day) for 200 and 400 ng/band, respectively. The present study shows the presence of various types of terpenoids through TLC whereas the HPTLC results indicated that the developed methods were accurate and precise. It also shows that the approach is appropriate for its intended use in routine quality control testing of commercially available tablet formulations and drug assay to assist both industries and researchers in making important decisions at a reasonable cost. Moreover, due to the use of a safer and more environmentally friendly mobile phase in comparison to the toxic mobile phases used in recent analytical techniques to estimate β-carotene, this methodology is also secure and sustainable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Jain
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Devendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, 304022, India.
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Manzoor S, Rashid R, Prasad Panda B, Sharma V, Azhar M. Green extraction of lutein from marigold flower petals, process optimization and its potential to improve the oxidative stability of sunflower oil. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2022; 85:105994. [PMID: 35381487 PMCID: PMC8980490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2022.105994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Marigold flower petals are considered the richest source of lutein which possesses immense applications in the food and health sector. The study was undertaken to improve the stability of sunflower oil by enriching it with lutein extracted from marigold flower petals using safe and green technology. The extraction of lutein was optimized using Box-Behnken design by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) employing sunflower oil as a solvent. The impact of three independent variables i.e., ultrasonic intensity, solid to solvent ratio, and extraction time were evaluated on the amount of lutein extracted and its antioxidant activity. Highest amount of lutein (21.23 mg/g) was extracted by employing ultrasonic intensity of 70 W/m2, extraction time of 12.5 min, and solid to solvent ratio of 15.75%. FT-IR spectra of lutein extracted by ultrasound and conventional extraction show similar peaks depicting that ultrasound does not have any impact on the functionality of lutein. Sunflower oil incorporated with lutein at 1000 PPM and the synthetic antioxidant (TBHQ) showed good oxidative stability than oil with 500 PPM lutein and no lutein during accelerated storage for a month. The oxidative stability was shown by different oil samples in the following order: TBHQ = 1000PPM lutein˃500PPM lutein ˃control oil. It was concluded that the ultrasound technique extracts lutein efficiently from marigold flowers and this lutein was effective in improving the oxidative stability of sunflower oil under accelerated storage conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaziya Manzoor
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India.
| | - Rubiya Rashid
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India
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Rapid determination of lutein in fresh and commercial food samples using paper spray ionization mass spectrometry. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ashok G, Mohan U, Boominathan M, Ravichandiran V, Viswanathan C, Senthilkumar V. Natural Pigments from Filamentous Fungi: Production and Applications. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85603-8_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Migas P, Stempka N, Krauze-Baranowska M. The use of thin-layer chromatography in the assessment of the quality of lutein-containing dietary supplements. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00764-019-00001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Interference of oleamide with analytical and bioassay results. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2163. [PMID: 32034225 PMCID: PMC7005802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During sample preparation and analysis, samples are coming in contact with different labware materials. By four unrelated analytical (phytochemical and pharmaceutical) case-studies and employing different analytical techniques, we demonstrated the potential misinterpretation of analytical results due to the use of contaminants-leaching labware during sample handling. Oleamide, a common polymer lubricant and a bioactive compound, was identified as a main analytical interference, leaching from different labware items into solvents, recognised as chemically compatible with the tested polymer material. Moreover, anti-inflammatory effect of oleamide at 100 μg mL−1 and considerable pro-inflammatory effect of the plastic syringe extractables (containing oleamide) at the same level were shown in a TLR4-based bioassay. Taking these results into account, together with the fact that oleamide can be a compound of natural origin, we would like to notify the professional public regarding the possible erroneous oleamide-related analytical and bioassay results due to the use of oleamide-leaching labware. Researchers are alerted to double check the real source of oleamide (labware or natural extract), which will prevent further reporting of false results. Analysis of procedural blanks with de-novo developed UHPLC-ESI-MS method is, among some other strategies, proposed for detection of oleamide interference and avoidance of misleading results of certain analyses.
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Japanese and Bohemian Knotweeds as Sustainable Sources of Carotenoids. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8100384. [PMID: 31569417 PMCID: PMC6843863 DOI: 10.3390/plants8100384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica Houtt.) and Bohemian knotweed (Fallopia x bohemica) are invasive alien plant species, causing great global ecological and economic damage. Mechanical excavation of plant material represents an effective containment method, but it is not economically and environmentally sustainable as it produces an excessive amount of waste. Thus, practical uses of these plants are actively being sought. In this study, we explored the carotenoid profiles and carotenoid content of mature (green) and senescing leaves of both knotweeds. Both plants showed similar pigment profiles. By means of high performance thin-layer chromatography with densitometry and high performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array and mass spectrometric detector, 11 carotenoids (and their derivatives) and 4 chlorophylls were identified in green leaves, whereas 16 distinct carotenoids (free carotenoids and xanthophyll esters) were found in senescing leaves. Total carotenoid content in green leaves of Japanese knotweed and Bohemian knotweed (378 and 260 mg of lutein equivalent (LE)/100 g dry weight (DW), respectively) was comparable to that of spinach (384 mg LE/100 g DW), a well-known rich source of carotenoids. A much lower total carotenoid content was found for senescing leaves of Japanese and Bohemian knotweed (67 and 70 mg LE/100 g DW, respectively). Thus, green leaves of both studied knotweeds represent a rich and sustainable natural source of bioactive carotenoids. Exploitation of these invaders for the production of high value-added products should consequently promote their mechanical control.
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Liu LX, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Yang GJ, Feng XS. The Application of Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Food Quality and Food Safety: An Overview. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2019; 50:136-160. [PMID: 30900462 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2019.1586520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-xia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guo-hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-jian Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Fibigr J, Šatínský D, Solich P. Current trends in the analysis and quality control of food supplements based on plant extracts. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1036:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Kumar D, Sharma U. High-performance thin-layer chromatography: An economical alternative for the quality control of medicinal plants and derived products. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201700013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division; CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; Palampur Himachal Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-IHBT; Palampur Himachal Pradesh India
| | - Upendra Sharma
- Natural Product Chemistry and Process Development Division; CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology; Palampur Himachal Pradesh India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; CSIR-IHBT; Palampur Himachal Pradesh India
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Włodarczyk E, Zarzycki PK. Chromatographic behavior of selected dyes on silica and cellulose micro-TLC plates: Potential application as target substances for extraction, chromatographic, and/or microfluidic systems. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1298028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Włodarczyk
- Department of Environmental Technologies and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental, and Geodetic Sciences, Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland
| | - Paweł K. Zarzycki
- Department of Environmental Technologies and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Environmental, and Geodetic Sciences, Koszalin University of Technology, Koszalin, Poland
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13
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Gunar OV, Builova IA. Microbiological Quality Control of Biotechnological Pharmaceuticals. Pharm Chem J 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-016-1406-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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High-performance thin-layer chromatography for the evaluation of voacamine intracellular concentration related to its cytotoxic effect. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 115:467-74. [PMID: 26298394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Previous investigations demonstrated that pretreatment with non-cytotoxic concentrations of voacamine had a chemosensitizing effect on cultured multidrug resistant osteosarcoma cells exposed to doxorubicin; whereas when used alone at high concentrations voacamine induced apoptosis-independent cell death on both sensitive and resistant cells. To gain insight into the mechanism of action of voacamine at the subcellular level, we developed an analytical high-performance thin-layer chromatography technique to assess the intracellular content of voacamine that could be correlated with the induction of cell death and consequent morphological and ultrastructural changes. The results of the quantitative analysis not only did allow us to measure both the amount of unmodified voacamine molecules (determined by the method) and the amount of molecules which reacted with cellular components (undetectable), but also to confirm the findings of our previous studies and support the validity of this method.
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Singh A, Ahmad S, Ahmad A. Green extraction methods and environmental applications of carotenoids-a review. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10243j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review covers and discusses various aspects of carotenoids including their chemistry, classification, biosynthesis, extraction methods (conventional and non-conventional), analytical techniques and biological roles in living beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
| | - Sayeed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
- Jamia Hamdard
- New Delhi
- India
| | - Anees Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry
- Aligarh Muslim University
- Aligarh
- India
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Abstract
AbstractThe most important advances in planar chromatography published between November 1, 2011 and November 1, 2013 are reviewed in this paper. Included are an introduction to the current status of the field; student experiments, books, and reviews; theory and fundamental studies; apparatus and techniques for sample preparation and TLC separations (sample application and plate development with the mobile phase); detection and identification of separated zones (chemical and biological detection, TLC/mass spectrometry, and TLC coupled with other spectrometric methods); techniques and instruments for quantitative analysis; preparative layer chromatography; and thin layer radiochromatography. Numerous applications to a great number of compound types and sample matrices are presented in all sections of the review.
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Smrke S, Vovk I. Comprehensive thin-layer chromatography mass spectrometry of flavanols from Juniperus communis L. and Punica granatum L. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1289:119-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2012] [Revised: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Simonovska B, Vovk I, Glavnik V, Cernelič K. Effects of extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic conditions on the determination of lutein in spinach. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1276:95-101. [PMID: 23312861 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A major factor in the direct determination of lutein in spinach extracts proved to be obtaining reproducible and stable chromatography of lutein. This was achieved on a C30 column with the mobile phase acetone-0.1M triethylammonium acetate (TEAA) buffer (pH 7) 9:1 (v/v). Extraction of 10mg of lyophilized spinach with 10 mL of extraction solvent (ethanol, acetone, ethanol-ethyl acetate 1:1 (v/v), methanol-THF 1:1 (v/v)) for 15 min with magnetic stirring under nitrogen resulted in equal yields of lutein. The yields were enhanced by addition of 15% of 1M TEAA buffer pH 7 to all four extraction solvents. As confirmed by recovery experiments, no loss of lutein occurred during the extraction. The relative standard deviation from triplicate extractions was less than 5%. The addition of 15% TEAA pH 7 to acetone enhanced the extraction yield of lutein also from unlyophilized spinach. The content of lutein in different spinach samples ranged from 5 to 15 mg/100g of fresh weight. The first separation is reported of all the carotenoids and chlorophylls on a C18 core-shell column and the addition of 15% of 1M TEAA buffer pH 7 to acetone also enhanced the extraction yield of β-carotene compared to the yield produced by pure acetone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breda Simonovska
- National Institute of Chemistry, Laboratory for Food Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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