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Ruiz W, Fontagné-Dicharry S, Verdier S, Dayton DC, Guillemant J, Moulian R, Giusti P, Barrère-Mangote C, Bouyssiere B. Quantifying Phospholipids in Organic Samples Using a Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Inductively Coupled Plasma High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HILIC-ICP-HRMS) Method. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39264017 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a novel method using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) coupled with inductively coupled plasma high-resolution mass spectrometry (ICP-HRMS) was introduced for the quantification of phospholipids in oil samples. The method employed a bridged ethyl hybrid (BEH) stationary phase HILIC column with a tetrahydrofuran (THF)/water mobile phase, enhancing the solubility and detection of phospholipids. During the study, a gradient/matrix effect on ICP-HRMS sensitivity was observed and successfully compensated for experimentally, ensuring reliable quantification results. This approach has proven effective for a wide range of different oil samples including vegetable oils, animal fats, and phospholipid supplements. Notably, this method allowed the direct quantification of phospholipids in oil samples, bypassing the need for prior sample preparation methods, such as solid phase extraction (SPE), thereby streamlining the analytical process. The precision, accuracy, and reduced need for extensive sample preparation offered by this method mark a significant advancement in lipids analysis. Its robustness and broad applicability have substantial implications for industries such as food and renewable energy production, where both efficient and accurate lipid identification and quantification are crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wladimir Ruiz
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, UMR 5254, 2 Av. Pr. Angot, 64053 Pau, France
- TotalEnergies OneTech, TotalEnergies Research & Technology Gonfreville, BP 27, F-76700 Harfleur, France
- International Joint Laboratory iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research & Technology, Gonfreville, BP 27, 76700 Harfleur, France
| | | | - Sylvain Verdier
- Haldor Topsoe A/S, Haldor Topsøes allé 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David C Dayton
- Technology Advancement and Commercialization, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Julie Guillemant
- International Joint Laboratory iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research & Technology, Gonfreville, BP 27, 76700 Harfleur, France
- TotalEnergies OneTech Belgium, Zone Industrielle C, B-7187 Feluy, Belgium
| | - Rémi Moulian
- TotalEnergies OneTech, TotalEnergies Research & Technology Gonfreville, BP 27, F-76700 Harfleur, France
- International Joint Laboratory iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research & Technology, Gonfreville, BP 27, 76700 Harfleur, France
| | - Pierre Giusti
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, UMR 5254, 2 Av. Pr. Angot, 64053 Pau, France
- TotalEnergies OneTech, TotalEnergies Research & Technology Gonfreville, BP 27, F-76700 Harfleur, France
- International Joint Laboratory iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research & Technology, Gonfreville, BP 27, 76700 Harfleur, France
| | - Caroline Barrère-Mangote
- TotalEnergies OneTech, TotalEnergies Research & Technology Gonfreville, BP 27, F-76700 Harfleur, France
- International Joint Laboratory iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research & Technology, Gonfreville, BP 27, 76700 Harfleur, France
| | - Brice Bouyssiere
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, UMR 5254, 2 Av. Pr. Angot, 64053 Pau, France
- International Joint Laboratory iC2MC: Complex Matrices Molecular Characterization, Total Research & Technology, Gonfreville, BP 27, 76700 Harfleur, France
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Caño-Carrillo I, Gilbert-López B, Montero L, Martínez-Piernas AB, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A. Comprehensive and heart-cutting multidimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its applications in food analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:936-976. [PMID: 37056215 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In food analysis, conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography methods sometimes lack sufficient separation power due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the analyzed matrices. Therefore, the use of two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) turns out to be a powerful tool to consider, especially when coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). This review presents the most remarkable 2D-LC-MS food applications reported in the last 10 years, including a critical discussion of the multiple approaches, modulation strategies as well as the importance of the optimization of the different analytical aspects that will condition the 2D-LC-MS performance. The presence of contaminants in food (food safety), the food quality, and authenticity or the relationship between the beneficial effects of food and human health are some of the fields in which most of the 2D-LC-MS applications are mainly focused. Both heart-cutting and comprehensive applications are described and discussed in this review, highlighting the potential of 2D-LC-MS for the analysis of such complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Caño-Carrillo
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Lidia Montero
- Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Martínez-Piernas
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Khajavinia A, Michel D, Ezeaka UC, Purves RW, Laprairie RB, El-Aneed A. Addressing a major interference in the quantification of psilocin in mouse plasma: Development of a validated liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465123. [PMID: 38981146 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound found in some hallucinogenic "magic mushrooms". Psilocin is the active metabolite of Psilocybin, and it is the subject of several studies for the treatment of psychological disorders, such as anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. As such, the pharmacokinetic properties of psilocin should be evaluated to ensure its safety and efficacy as part of the drug development process. Based on the previously published studies, reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) was tested for psilocin quantification. The analysis, however, showed a major interference in mouse plasma that was not, to the best of our knowledge, reported previously. We, therefore, aimed to identify and separate the interference, using various chromatographic columns, mobile phase conditions, and mass spectrometers (MS) instruments. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) system, and a quadrupole-linear ion trap equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source was used in positive ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Several chromatographic conditions and column chemistries, including C-18 and Phenyl-hexyl were initially tested, and failed to separate the interference. Exact mass measurement and MS/MS analysis were used to determine the structure of the interfering compound, which was confirmed to be tryptophan. Using the identified structure of the interfering compound, a fast and reliable hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-MS/MS method was developed and validated, that was capable of separating psilocin from the interference while achieving a 0.5 ng/ml lower limit of quantification (LLOQ). The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study where psilocin was orally administered to C57BL/6 mouse subjects. Psilocin concentration in all the analyzed mouse plasma samples was successfully determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Khajavinia
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Deborah Michel
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Udoka C Ezeaka
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada
| | - Randy W Purves
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2R3, Canada
| | - Robert B Laprairie
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Anas El-Aneed
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Caño-Carrillo I, Gilbert-López B, Montero L, Martínez-Piernas AB, García-Reyes JF, Molina-Díaz A. Comprehensive and heart-cutting multidimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and its applications in food analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023. [PMID: 37010157 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In food analysis, conventional one-dimensional liquid chromatography methods sometimes lack sufficient separation power due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the analysed matrices. Therefore, the use of two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) turns out to be a powerful tool to consider, especially when coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). This review presents the most remarkable 2D-LC-MS food applications reported in the last 10 years, including a critical discussion of the multiple approaches, modulation strategies as well as the importance of the optimisation of the different analytical aspects that will condition the 2D-LC-MS performance. The presence of contaminants in food (food safety), the food quality and authenticity or the relationship between the beneficial effects of food and human health are some of the fields in which most of the 2D-LC-MS applications are mainly focused. Both heart-cutting and comprehensive applications are described and discussed in this review, highlighting the potential of 2D-LC-MS for the analysis of such complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Caño-Carrillo
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Lidia Montero
- Institute of Food Science Research-CIAL (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Martínez-Piernas
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Juan F García-Reyes
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
- University Research Institute for Olives Grove and Olive Oil, University of Jaén, Jaén, Spain
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Two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for lipidomics using off-line coupling of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with 50 cm long reversed phase capillary columns. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1687:463707. [PMID: 36516490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive characterization of the lipidome remains a challenge requiring development of new analytical approaches to expand lipid coverage in complex samples. In this work, offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was investigated for lipidomics from human plasma. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was implemented in the first dimension to fractionate lipid classes. Nine fractions were collected and subjected to a second-dimension separation utilizing 50 cm capillary columns packed with 1.7 µm C18 particles operated on custom-built instrumentation at 35 kpsi. Online coupling with time-of-flight mass spectrometry allowed putative lipid identification from precursor-mass based library searching. The method had good orthogonality (fractional coverage of ∼40%), achieved a peak capacity of approximately 1900 in 600 min, and detected over 1000 lipids from a 5 µL injection of a human plasma extract while consuming less than 3 mL of solvent. The results demonstrate the expected gains in peak capacity when employing long columns and two-dimensional separations and illustrate practical approaches for improving lipidome coverage from complex biological samples.
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Bayesian optimization of comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography separations. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1659:462628. [PMID: 34731752 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC×LC), is a powerful, emerging separation technique in analytical chemistry. However, as many instrumental parameters need to be tuned, the technique is troubled by lengthy method development. To speed up this process, we applied a Bayesian optimization algorithm. The algorithm can optimize LC×LC method parameters by maximizing a novel chromatographic response function based on the concept of connected components of a graph. The algorithm was benchmarked against a grid search (11,664 experiments) and a random search algorithm on the optimization of eight gradient parameters for four different samples of 50 compounds. The worst-case performance of the algorithm was investigated by repeating the optimization loop for 100 experiments with random starting experiments and seeds. Given an optimization budget of 100 experiments, the Bayesian optimization algorithm generally outperformed the random search and often improved upon the grid search. Moreover, the Bayesian optimization algorithm offered a considerably more sample-efficient alternative to grid searches, as it found similar optima to the grid search in far fewer experiments (a factor of 16-100 times less). This could likely be further improved by a more informed choice of the initialization experiments, which could be provided by the analyst's experience or smarter selection procedures. The algorithm allows for expansion to other method parameters (e.g., temperature, flow rate, etc.) and unlocks closed-loop automated method development.
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Scholz J, Helmer PO, Nicolai MM, Bornhorst J, Hayen H. Profiling of sphingolipids in Caenorhabditis elegans by two-dimensional multiple heart-cut liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1655:462481. [PMID: 34455370 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids exert important functions in cells, ranging from stabilising the cell membrane to bioactive signalling in signal transduction pathways. Changed concentrations of sphingolipids are associated with, among others, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this work, we present a novel two-dimensional liquid chromatography method (2D-LC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the identification of ceramides, hexosylceramides and sphingomyelins in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The method utilises a multiple heart-cut approach with a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) separation in the first dimension. The fractions of the sphingolipid classes were cut out and thereby separated from the abundant glycerolipids, which offers a simplified sample preparation and a high degree of automation as it compensates the alkaline depletion step usually conducted prior to the chromatographic analysis. The fractions were stored in a sample loop and transferred onto the second column with the combination of two six port valves. A reversed phase liquid chromatography was performed as the second dimension and allowed for a separation of the species within a sphingolipid class and according to the fatty acid moiety of the sphingolipid. The segregation of the abundant glycerolipids and the reduced matrix effects allowed for better identification of low abundant species, especially dihydro-sphingolipids with a saturated sphingoid base. In addition, the separation of the three fractions was carried out parallel to the separation and equilibration in the first dimension, which leads to no extension of the analysis time for the 2D-LC compared to the one-dimensional HILIC method. In total 45 sphingolipids were detected in the C. elegans lipid extract and identified via accurate mass and MS/MS fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Scholz
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Patrick O Helmer
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Merle M Nicolai
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119, Wuppertal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit on Interactions of Essential Trace Elements in Healthy and Diseased Elderly (FOR 2558), Berlin-Potsdam-Jena-Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Heiko Hayen
- University of Münster, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Corrensstraße 30, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Methods of Lipidomic Analysis: Extraction, Derivatization, Separation, and Identification of Lipids. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33791982 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51652-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Lipidomics refers to the large-scale study of pathways and networks of cellular lipids in biological systems. A lipidomic analysis often involves the identification and quantification of the thousands of cellular lipid molecular species within a complex biological sample and therefore requires a well optimized method for lipid profiling. In this chapter, the methods for lipidomic analysis, including sample collection and preparation, lipid derivatization and separation, mass spectrometric identification of lipids, data processing and interpretation, and quality control, are overviewed.
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Cacciola F, Rigano F, Dugo P, Mondello L. Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography as a powerful tool for the analysis of food and food products. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Lv W, Shi X, Wang S, Xu G. Multidimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for metabolomic and lipidomic analyses. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen Y, Montero L, Schmitz OJ. Advance in on-line two-dimensional liquid chromatography modulation technology. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Parchem K, Sasson S, Ferreri C, Bartoszek A. Qualitative analysis of phospholipids and their oxidised derivatives - used techniques and examples of their applications related to lipidomic research and food analysis. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:1068-1100. [PMID: 31419920 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1657573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids (PLs) are important biomolecules that not only constitute structural building blocks and scaffolds of cell and organelle membranes but also play a vital role in cell biochemistry and physiology. Moreover, dietary exogenous PLs are characterised by high nutritional value and other beneficial health effects, which are confirmed by numerous epidemiological studies. For this reason, PLs are of high interest in lipidomics that targets both the analysis of membrane lipid distribution as well as correlates composition of lipids with their effects on functioning of cells, tissues and organs. Lipidomic assessments follow-up the changes occurring in living organisms, such as free radical attack and oxidative modifications of the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) build in PL structures. Oxidised PLs (oxPLs) can be generated exogenously and supplied to organisms with processed food or formed endogenously as a result of oxidative stress. Cellular and tissue oxPLs can be a biomarker predictive of the development of numerous diseases such as atherosclerosis or neuroinflammation. Therefore, suitable high-throughput analytical techniques, which enable comprehensive analysis of PL molecules in terms of the structure of hydrophilic group, fatty acid (FA) composition and oxidative modifications of FAs, have been currently developed. This review addresses all aspects of PL analysis, including lipid isolation, chromatographic separation of PL classes and species, as well as their detection. The bioinformatic tools that enable handling of a large amount of data generated during lipidomic analysis are also discussed. In addition, imaging techniques such as confocal microscopy and mass spectrometry imaging for analysis of cellular lipid maps, including membrane PLs, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Parchem
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Shlomo Sasson
- Institute for Drug Research, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Carla Ferreri
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Bologna, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland
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Pulsed elution modulation for on-line comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupling reversed phase liquid chromatography and hydrophilic interaction chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1583:98-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Ianni F, Pucciarini L, Carotti A, Saluti G, Moretti S, Ferrone V, Sardella R, Galarini R, Natalini B. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography of aminoglycoside antibiotics with a diol-type stationary phase. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1044:174-180. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Phospholipid molecular species composition of Chinese traditional low-salt fermented fish inoculated with different starter cultures. Food Res Int 2018; 111:87-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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16
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Donato P, Micalizzi G, Oteri M, Rigano F, Sciarrone D, Dugo P, Mondello L. Comprehensive lipid profiling in the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) using hyphenated and multidimensional chromatography techniques coupled to mass spectrometry detection. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3297-3313. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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17
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Řezanka T, Lukavský J, Vítová M, Nedbalová L, Sigler K. Lipidomic analysis of Botryococcus (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta) - Identification of lipid classes containing very long chain fatty acids by offline two-dimensional LC-tandem MS. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 148:29-38. [PMID: 29366853 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) were identified in four strains of the green alga Botryococcus braunii (Trebouxiophyceae). The algae contained a series of monoenoic fatty acids up to triacontenoic acid and further VLCFAs in amounts around 1% of total fatty acids. The separation of lipid classes using hydrophilic interaction chromatography revealed that the most abundant VLCFAs (28:2, 28:1 and 28:0) were contained in neutral lipids (triacylglycerols and/or diacylglycerols) and in phospholipids (phosphatidic acid and/or phosphatidylcholine). Using non-aqueous reversed-phase liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (NARP-LC/MS2) of the appropriate collected fractions, molecular species of triacylglycerols containing one or two VLCFAs were described and phosphatidylcholines containing VLCFAs were separated for the first time. Because the presence of Botryosphaerella sudetica (Chlorophyceae) as contaminant of Botryococcus braunii strain Droop 1950/807-1 placed some doubts on the results of previous studies, a strain of this green alga of was also analyzed. In contrast to Botryococcus, C16, a substantially lower proportion of C18 polyunsaturated fatty acids and no VLCFAs were detected in Botryosphaerella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Řezanka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaromír Lukavský
- Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dukelská 135, 379 82, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Milada Vítová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Cell Cycles of Algae, Centre Algatech, Opatovický mlýn, 379 81, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Nedbalová
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Ecology, Viničná 7, 128 44, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Sigler
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Baert M, Martens S, Desmet G, de Villiers A, Du Prez F, Lynen F. Enhancing the Possibilities of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography through Hyphenation of Purely Aqueous Temperature-Responsive and Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4961-4967. [PMID: 29551061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography (LC × LC) allows for substantial gains in theoretical peak capacity in the field of liquid chromatography. However, in practice, theoretical performance is rarely achieved due to a combination of undersampling, orthogonality, and refocusing issues prevalent in many LC × LC applications. This is intricately linked to the column dimensions, flow rates, and mobile-phase compositions used, where, in many cases, incompatible or strong solvents are introduced in the second-dimension (2D) column, leading to peak broadening and the need for more complex interfacing approaches. In this contribution, the combination of temperature-responsive (TR) and reversed-phase (RP) LC is demonstrated, which, due to the purely aqueous mobile phase used in TRLC, allows for complete and more generic refocusing of organic solutes prior to the second-dimension RP separation using a conventional 10-port valve interface. Thus far, this was only possible when combining other purely aqueous modes such as ion exchange or gel filtration chromatography with RPLC, techniques which are limited to the analysis of charged or high MW solutes, respectively. This novel TRLC × RPLC combination relaxes undersampling constraints and complete refocusing and therefore offers novel possibilities in the field of LC × LC including temperature modulation. The concept is illustrated through the TRLC × RPLC analysis of mixtures of neutral organic solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gert Desmet
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussel , Belgium
| | - André de Villiers
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Science , Stellenbosch University , Private Bag X1 , Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602 , South Africa
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19
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Xu J, Zheng L, Lin L, Sun B, Su G, Zhao M. Stop-flow reversed phase liquid chromatography × size-exclusion chromatography for separation of peptides. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1018:119-126. [PMID: 29605129 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) with wide application in peptide analysis presents challenges in determination of molecular weight distribution due to the relatively low resolution. In this study, a stop-flow reversed phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) × SEC system was constructed, aiming at improving the peptide separation in SEC. As the chromatographic dispersion during stop-flow operation might contribute to the band broadening in the first dimension (1st D) RPLC, the effects of different stop-flow operational parameters on the additional band broadening were quantitatively evaluated. Unlike analytes of large molecular size or long retention time with low effective diffusion coefficient (Deff), additional band broadening was evidently observed for analytes of small molecular size and short retention time (high Deff). Therefore, optimal flow rate, low column temperature and short stop-flow time were suggested for analyzing small molecules of short retention time. The established stop-flow two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) was further tested on protein hydrolysates. The resolution was evidently improved for both heart-cutting and comprehensive 2D-LC analysis (despite additional band broadening in RPLC). Compared with heart-cutting analysis with higher 1st D resolution for selective fractions, comprehensive analysis could provide more complete information about the molecular weight distribution of the eluting solutes along RPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jucai Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Lianzhu Lin
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Baoguo Sun
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guowan Su
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Guangdong Food Green Processing and Nutrition Regulation Technologies Research Center, Guangzhou, 510640, China; Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Beijing Technology & Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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20
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Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography (2D-LC) in Pharmaceutical Analysis: Applications Beyond Increasing Peak Capacity. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3474-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Baglai A, Gargano AF, Jordens J, Mengerink Y, Honing M, van der Wal S, Schoenmakers PJ. Comprehensive lipidomic analysis of human plasma using multidimensional liquid- and gas-phase separations: Two-dimensional liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry vs. liquid chromatography–trapped-ion-mobility–mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1530:90-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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22
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Ali AH, Zou X, Abed SM, Korma SA, Jin Q, Wang X. Natural phospholipids: Occurrence, biosynthesis, separation, identification, and beneficial health aspects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 59:253-275. [PMID: 28820277 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1363714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
During the last years, phospholipids (PLs) have attracted great attention because of their crucial roles in providing nutritional values, technological and medical applications. There are considerable proofs that PLs have unique nutritional benefits on human health, such as reducing cholesterol absorption, improving liver functions, and decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. PLs are the main structural lipid components of cell and organelle membranes in all living organisms, and therefore, they occur in all organisms and the derived food products. PLs are distinguished by the presence of a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail, consequently they possess amphiphilic features. Due to their unique characteristics, the extraction, separation, and identification of PLs are critical issues to be concerned. This review is focused on the content of PLs classes in several sources (including milk, vegetable oils, egg yolk, and mitochondria). As well, it highlights PLs biosynthesis, and the methodologies applied for PLs extraction and separation, such as solvent extraction and solid-phase extraction. In addition, the determination and quantification of PLs classes by using thin layer chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with different detectors, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelmoneim H Ali
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi , Jiangsu , PR China.,b Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt
| | - Xiaoqiang Zou
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi , Jiangsu , PR China
| | - Sherif M Abed
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi , Jiangsu , PR China.,c Food and Dairy Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Science , El Arish University , El Arish , Egypt
| | - Sameh A Korma
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi , Jiangsu , PR China.,b Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture , Zagazig University , Zagazig , Egypt
| | - Qingzhe Jin
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi , Jiangsu , PR China
| | - Xingguo Wang
- a State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, School of Food Science and Technology , Jiangnan University , 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi , Jiangsu , PR China
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23
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Bochkov V, Gesslbauer B, Mauerhofer C, Philippova M, Erne P, Oskolkova OV. Pleiotropic effects of oxidized phospholipids. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:6-24. [PMID: 28027924 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) are increasingly recognized to play a role in a variety of normal and pathological states. OxPLs were implicated in regulation of inflammation, thrombosis, angiogenesis, endothelial barrier function, immune tolerance and other important processes. Rapidly accumulating evidence suggests that OxPLs are biomarkers of atherosclerosis and other pathologies. In addition, successful application of experimental drugs based on structural scaffold of OxPLs in animal models of inflammation was recently reported. This review briefly summarizes current knowledge on generation, methods of quantification and biological activities of OxPLs. Furthermore, receptor and cellular mechanisms of these effects are discussed. The goal of the review is to give a broad overview of this class of lipid mediators inducing pleiotropic biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery Bochkov
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria.
| | - Bernd Gesslbauer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria
| | - Christina Mauerhofer
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Philippova
- Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paul Erne
- Signaling Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olga V Oskolkova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria.
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24
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Simultaneous liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry determination of both polar and “multiresidue” pesticides in food using parallel hydrophilic interaction/reversed-phase liquid chromatography and a hybrid sample preparation approach. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1517:108-116. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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25
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Beccaria M, Inferrera V, Rigano F, Gorynski K, Purcaro G, Pawliszyn J, Dugo P, Mondello L. Highly informative multiclass profiling of lipids by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography – Low resolution (quadrupole) mass spectrometry by using electrospray ionization and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization interfaces. J Chromatogr A 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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26
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Jurowski K, Kochan K, Walczak J, Barańska M, Piekoszewski W, Buszewski B. Analytical Techniques in Lipidomics: State of the Art. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2017; 47:418-437. [PMID: 28340309 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2017.1310613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Current studies related to lipid identification and determination, or lipidomics in biological samples, are one of the most important issues in modern bioanalytical chemistry. There are many articles dedicated to specific analytical strategies used in lipidomics in various kinds of biological samples. However, in such literature, there is a lack of articles dedicated to a comprehensive review of the actual analytical methodologies used in lipidomics. The aim of this article is to characterize the lipidomics methods used in modern bioanalysis according to the methodological point of view: (1) chromatography/separation methods, (2) spectroscopic methods and (3) mass spectrometry and also hyphenated methods. In the first part, we discussed thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography (GC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The second part includes spectroscopic techniques such as Raman spectroscopy (RS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The third part is a synthetic review of mass spectrometry, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI), hyphenated methods, which include liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and also multidimensional techniques. Other aspects are the possibilities of the application of the described methods in lipidomics studies. Due to the fact that the exploration of new methods of lipidomics analysis and their applications in clinical and medical studies are still challenging for researchers working in life science, we hope that this review article will be very useful for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- a Kraków Higher School of Health Promotion , Krakow , Poland
| | - Kamila Kochan
- b Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET) , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland.,c Centre for Biospectroscopy and School of Chemistry , Monash University , Clayton , Victoria , Australia
| | - Justyna Walczak
- d Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics , Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Torun , Poland
| | - Małgorzata Barańska
- b Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET) , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland.,e Department of Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland
| | - Wojciech Piekoszewski
- f Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University in Cracow , Cracow , Poland.,g School of Biomedicine , Far Eastern Federal University , Vladivostok , Russia
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- d Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics , Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University , Torun , Poland
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27
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Verardo V, Gómez-Caravaca AM, Arráez-Román D, Hettinga K. Recent Advances in Phospholipids from Colostrum, Milk and Dairy By-Products. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010173. [PMID: 28106745 PMCID: PMC5297805 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk is one of the most important foods for mammals, because it is the first form of feed providing energy, nutrients and immunological factors. In the last few years, milk lipids have attracted the attention of researchers due to the presence of several bioactive components in the lipid fraction. The lipid fraction of milk and dairy products contains several components of nutritional significance, such as ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, CLA, short chain fatty acids, gangliosides and phospholipids. Prospective cohort evidence has shown that phospholipids play an important role in the human diet and reinforce the possible relationship between their consumption and prevention of several chronic diseases. Because of these potential benefits of phospholipids in the human diet, this review is focused on the recent advances in phospholipids from colostrum, milk and dairy by-products. Phospholipid composition, its main determination methods and the health activities of these compounds will be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Verardo
- Department of Chemistry and Physics (Analytical Chemistry Area), Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, University of Almería, Carretera de Sacramento s/n, 04120 Almería, Spain.
| | - Ana Maria Gómez-Caravaca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, c/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park (PTS) Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, EdificioBioregión, 18007 Granada, Spain.
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Granada, c/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Research and Development of Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park (PTS) Granada, Avda. del Conocimiento s/n, EdificioBioregión, 18007 Granada, Spain.
| | - Kasper Hettinga
- Dairy Science and Technology, Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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28
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Narváez-Rivas M, Vu N, Chen GY, Zhang Q. Off-line mixed-mode liquid chromatography coupled with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry to improve coverage in lipidomics analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 954:140-150. [PMID: 28081809 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The confident identification and in-depth profiling of molecular lipid species remain to be a challenge in lipidomics analysis. In this work, an off-line two-dimensional mixed-mode and reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC) method combined with high-field quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometer (Q Exactive HF) was developed to profile lipids from complex biological samples. In the first dimension, 22 different lipid classes were separated on a monolithic silica column with elution order from neutral to polar lipids. A total of 13 fractions were collected and run on a RPLC C30 column in the second dimension for further separation of the lipid molecular species based on their hydrophobicity, with the elution order being determined by both the length and degree of unsaturation in the fatty-acyl chain. The method was applied to analyze lipids extracted from rat plasma and rat liver. Fatty acid methyl ester analysis by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify the fatty acyls from total lipid extracts, which provided a more confident identification of the lipid species present in these samples. More than 800 lipids were identified in each sample and their molecular structures were confidentially confirmed using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The number of lipid molecular species identified in both rat plasma and rat liver by this off-line two-dimensional method is approximately twice of that by one-dimensional RPLC-MS/MS employing a C30 column. This off-line two-dimensional mixed-mode LC-RPLC-MS/MS method is a promising technique for comprehensive lipid profiling in complex biological matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Narváez-Rivas
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Ngoc Vu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA
| | - Guan-Yuan Chen
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
| | - Qibin Zhang
- Center for Translational Biomedical Research, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USA.
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29
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Cacciola F, Donato P, Sciarrone D, Dugo P, Mondello L. Comprehensive Liquid Chromatography and Other Liquid-Based Comprehensive Techniques Coupled to Mass Spectrometry in Food Analysis. Anal Chem 2016; 89:414-429. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Cacciola
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche
e Funzionali, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Donato
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche
e Funzionali, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Sciarrone
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Dugo
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Unit
of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Chromaleont
s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche
ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
- Unit
of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
- Chromaleont
s.r.l., c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche
ed Ambientali, University of Messina, Polo Annunziata, Viale Annunziata, 98168 Messina, Italy
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30
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Donato P, Inferrera V, Sciarrone D, Mondello L. Supercritical fluid chromatography for lipid analysis in foodstuffs. J Sep Sci 2016; 40:361-382. [PMID: 27696781 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The task of lipid analysis has always challenged separation scientists, and new techniques in chromatography were often developed for the separation of lipids; however, no single technique or methodology is yet capable of affording a comprehensive screening of all lipid species and classes. This review acquaints the role of supercritical fluid chromatography within the field of lipid analysis, from the early developed capillary separations based on pure CO2 , to the most recent techniques employing packed columns under subcritical conditions, including the niche multidimensional techniques using supercritical fluids in at least one of the separation dimensions. A short history of supercritical fluid chromatography will be introduced first, from its early popularity in the late 1980s, to the sudden fall and oblivion until the last decade, experiencing a regain of interest within the chromatographic community. Afterwards, the subject of lipid nomenclature and classification will be briefly dealt with, before discussing the main applications of supercritical fluid chromatography for food analysis, according to the specific class of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Donato
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Veronica Inferrera
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Danilo Sciarrone
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Mondello
- Dipartimento di "Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali", University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Chromaleont s.r.l, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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31
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Zhang J, Wang Z, Liu X. Characterization of Acylated Anthocyanins in Red Cabbage via Comprehensive Two-Dimensional High Performance Liquid Chromatography and HPLC-MS. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing; Beijing 100193 China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing; Beijing 100193 China
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32
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Application of fractionized sampling and stacking for construction of an interface for online heart-cutting two-dimensional liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1466:199-204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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33
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Comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of wine polyphenols and target contaminants. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1458:54-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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34
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Pirok BW, Pous-Torres S, Ortiz-Bolsico C, Vivó-Truyols G, Schoenmakers PJ. Program for the interpretive optimization of two-dimensional resolution. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1450:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Ovčačíková M, Lísa M, Cífková E, Holčapek M. Retention behavior of lipids in reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1450:76-85. [PMID: 27179677 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Reversed-phase ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (RP-UHPLC) method using two 15cm sub-2μm particles octadecylsilica gel columns is developed with the goal to separate and unambiguously identify a large number of lipid species in biological samples. The identification is performed by the coupling with high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) using quadrupole - time-of-flight (QTOF) instrument. Electrospray ionization (ESI) full scan and tandem mass spectra are measured in both polarity modes with the mass accuracy better than 5ppm, which provides a high confidence of lipid identification. Over 400 lipid species covering 14 polar and nonpolar lipid classes from 5 lipid categories are identified in total lipid extracts of human plasma, human urine and porcine brain. The general dependences of relative retention times on relative carbon number or relative double bond number are constructed and fit with the second degree polynomial regression. The regular retention patterns in homologous lipid series provide additional identification point for UHPLC/MS lipidomic analysis, which increases the confidence of lipid identification. The reprocessing of previously published data by our and other groups measured in the RP mode and ultrahigh-performance supercritical fluid chromatography on the silica column shows more generic applicability of the polynomial regression for the description of retention behavior and the prediction of retention times. The novelty of this work is the characterization of general trends in the retention behavior of lipids within logical series with constant fatty acyl length or double bond number, which may be used as an additional criterion to increase the confidence of lipid identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdaléna Ovčačíková
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Lísa
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Cífková
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Holčapek
- University of Pardubice, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Studentská 573, 53210 Pardubice, Czech Republic.
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36
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Chen J, Gao L, Li Z, Wang S, Li J, Cao W, Sun C, Zheng L, Wang X. Simultaneous screening for lipophilic and hydrophilic toxins in marine harmful algae using a serially coupled reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography separation system with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 914:117-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Li Z, Chen K, Guo MZ, Tang DQ. Two-dimensional liquid chromatography and its application in traditional Chinese medicine analysis and metabonomic investigation. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:21-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Kai Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Meng-zhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
| | - Dao-quan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical College; Xuzhou China
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38
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Sun W, Tong L, Miao J, Huang J, Li D, Li Y, Xiao H, Sun H, Bi K. Separation and analysis of phenolic acids from Salvia miltiorrhiza and its related preparations by off-line two-dimensional hydrophilic interaction chromatography × reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1431:79-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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39
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Recent advances in the application of hydrophilic interaction chromatography for the analysis of biological matrices. Bioanalysis 2015; 7:2927-45. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.15.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) is being increasingly used for the analysis of hydrophilic compounds in biological matrices. The complexity of biological samples demands adequate sample preparation procedures, specifically adjusted for HILIC analyses. Currently, most bioanalytical assays are performed on bare silica and ZIC-HILIC columns. Trends in HILIC for bioanalysis include smaller particle sizes and miniaturization of the analytical column. For complex biological samples, multidimensional techniques can separate and identify more compounds than 1D separations. The high volatility of the mobile phase, the added separation power and high sensitivity make MS the detection method of choice for bioanalysis using HILIC, although other detectors such as evaporative light scattering detection, charged aerosol detection and nuclear magnetic resonance have been reported.
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40
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Andrés A, Broeckhoven K, Desmet G. Methods for the experimental characterization and analysis of the efficiency and speed of chromatographic columns: A step-by-step tutorial. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 894:20-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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41
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Determination of the triacylglycerol fraction in fish oil by comprehensive liquid chromatography techniques with the support of gas chromatography and mass spectrometry data. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5211-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8718-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Holčapek M, Ovčačíková M, Lísa M, Cífková E, Hájek T. Continuous comprehensive two-dimensional liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of complex lipidomic samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5033-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8528-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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43
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Sun C, Zhao YY, Curtis JM. Characterization of phospholipids by two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to in-line ozonolysis-mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1442-1451. [PMID: 25607811 DOI: 10.1021/jf5049595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the characterization of phospholipids (PL) was achieved by using a combination of LC/MS/MS and two-dimensional LC/MS. A HILIC LC column was used for PL class separation, while the further molecular species separation of each PL class was achieved by using online HILIC × C18 LC. The double bond positions along the fatty acyl chains of these PL molecular species were also obtained by using the combination of 2D-LC and in-line ozonolysis-MS analysis. The ozonolysis device is composed of a gas-permeable, liquid-impermeable Teflon tube passing through a glass chamber filled with ozone gas, which is then placed in-line between the 2D-LC and the mass spectrometer. The eluting PL molecules in the LC mobile phase passed through the device where they rapidly reacted with the ozone that penetrated through the tubing wall. The ozonolysis products were then detected by MS in real-time, which allowed the localization of the double bonds along the fatty acyl chains in these PL molecular species. This comprehensive method was successfully applied to an egg yolk PL extract, which revealed the detailed structures of the PL molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Sun
- Agriculture/Forestry Center 4-10, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada
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44
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45
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46
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Yin P, Xu G. Current state-of-the-art of nontargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry with special emphasis in clinical applications. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1374:1-13. [PMID: 25444251 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics, as a part of systems biology, has been widely applied in different fields of life science by studying the endogenous metabolites. The development and applications of liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (MS) greatly improve the achievable data quality in non-targeted metabolic profiling. However, there are still some emerging challenges to be covered in LC-MS based metabolomics. Here, recent approaches about sample collection and preparation, instrumental analysis, and data handling of LC-MS based metabolomics are summarized, especially in the analysis of clinical samples. Emphasis is put on the improvement of analytical techniques including the combination of different LC columns, isotope coded derivatization methods, pseudo-targeted LC-MS method, new data analysis algorithms and structural identification of important metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
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47
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Monolithic and core–shell columns in comprehensive two-dimensional HPLC: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:139-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Recent advances in hydrophilic interaction chromatography for quantitative analysis of endogenous and pharmaceutical compounds in plasma samples. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:2421-39. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.14.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing need for new analytical methods that can handle a large number of analytes in complex matrices. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) has recently been demonstrated as an important supplement to reversed-phase liquid chromatography for polar analytes, particularly endogenous compounds. With the increasing popularity of HILIC, progressively more polar phases with diverse functional groups have been developed. In addition, the coupling of HILIC to mass spectrometry offers the advantages of improved sensitivity by employing an organic-rich mobile phase. This article reviews recent applications of HILIC for the analysis of endogenous and pharmaceutical compounds in plasma samples. Furthermore, based on recent studies, we provide a discussion of column selection, sample pretreatment for HILIC analysis, and detection sensitivity.
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49
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Biscay J, González García MB, Costa García A. Electrochemical biotin detection based on magnetic beads and a new magnetic flow cell for screen printed electrode. Talanta 2014; 131:706-11. [PMID: 25281162 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of the first flow-cell for magnetic assays with an integrated magnet is reported here. The flow injection analysis system (FIA) is used for biotin determination. The reaction scheme is based on a one step competitive assay between free biotin and biotin labeled with horseradish peroxidase (B-HRP). The mixture of magnetic beads modified with streptavidin (Strep-MB), biotin and B-HRP is left 15 min under stirring and then a washing step is performed. After that, 100 μL of the mixture is injected and after 30s 100 μL of 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) is injected and the FIAgram is recorded applying a potential of -0.2V. The linear range obtained is from 0.01 to 1 nM of biotin and the sensitivity is 758 nA/nM. The modification and cleaning of the electrode are performed in an easy way due to the internal magnet of the flow cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Biscay
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Begoña González García
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Agustín Costa García
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
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50
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Li X, Wang F, Xu B, Yu X, Yang Y, Zhang L, Li H. Determination of the free and total concentrations of vancomycin by two-dimensional liquid chromatography and its application in elderly patients. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:181-9. [PMID: 25178192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A robust two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) method for determining the free and total concentrations of vancomycin in plasma was developed and validated. The 2D-LC system, which exhibited a strong capacity for inhibiting interference, comprised a unique RP1-IEX-RP2 column system and an "Assistant Flow" configuration. Ultrafiltration technology was employed to separate free vancomycin from the protein-bound fraction in human plasma. The influence of ultrafiltration conditions on the free vancomycin concentration was evaluated. The calibration curve was linear over the 0.195-49.92μg/ml range for the free and total vancomycin concentrations. The within- and between-run precision ranges were 1.5-3.9% and 2.0-4.7% for the total concentration, 1.4-3.3% and 2.4-4.0% for the free concentration, respectively. Ultrafiltration was susceptible to variations in the experimental conditions, including the centrifugation time, the centrifugal force, and the nominal molecular weight limit of the ultrafiltration membrane. A total of 101 serum samples from 84 elderly patients were analyzed by this method. The free vancomycin concentration was 5.88±3.75μg/ml (range: 0.240-16.79μg/ml), the total concentration was 12.36±5.36μg/ml (range: 2.16-27.14μg/ml), and the unbound fraction was 45.6±18.8% (range: 11.1-96.9%). There was a poor correlation between the free and total vancomycin concentrations (R(2)=0.596, p<0.05). This method appears to be sensitive, precise, selective, and suitable for use in protein-binding studies of vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China; The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Bin Xu
- The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Li Zhang
- The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, Hunan 410015, China
| | - Huande Li
- Clinical Pharmaceutical Research Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.
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