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Tsiasioti A, Tzanavaras PD. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with post - Column derivatization methods in food analysis: Chemistries and applications in the last two decades. Food Chem 2024; 443:138577. [PMID: 38309023 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
High performance liquid chromatography coupled with post-column derivatization is used for increasing the sensitivity and selectivity of the desirable analytes after the chromatographic separation. The transformation of the analytes can be conducted through the addition of a suitable reagent in the eluted stream or the ultraviolet irradiation of the eluted analytes, forming detectable derivatives for ultraviolet or fluorescence detectors. This review focuses on the developed methods using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with post-column derivatization for the determination of substances in food samples during the last two decades. The significance of the determination of each analyte in foods and the existing guidelines in each case are discussed. Preparation of the samples and the analytical methods are commented. For each analyte, official methods and commercially available systems and reagents are mentioned, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia Tsiasioti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
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2
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Tsiasioti A, Tzanavaras PD. Developments in on-line, post separation sample manipulation in the last 22 years: Pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 235:115654. [PMID: 37611457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
On-line post separation sample manipulation is a powerful approach increasing the sensitivity and selectivity in chemical analysis. Post separation sample manipulation includes the treatment of the analytes after their separation through a suitable separation technique, mainly liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Typically, post separation approaches include either the addition of a reagent/solvent to derivatize the analyte/enhance the sensitivity, pH change, or the conversion of the analyte through a photochemical/electrochemical system (reagent-free systems). This review focuses on the developed methods using post-column manipulation of sample with pharmaceuticals and biomedical applications, covering the period from 2000 to midle-2023. Chemistries combined with fluorescence, UV-vis and mass spectrometric detection are discussed employing both liquid chromatography and electrophoretic techniques for separation. Noteworthy instrumental modifications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia Tsiasioti
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece
| | - Paraskevas D Tzanavaras
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Greece.
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3
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Development and evaluation of pulsed - Post column derivatization in liquid chromatography as a concept to minimize reagent consumption. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1690:463791. [PMID: 36682104 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.463791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
In the current article, we propose an alternative approach to reduce the consumption of the reagents in liquid chromatography coupled to on-line post column derivatization. In our proposal post column reagents do not flow continuously but they are instead introduced as well-defined pulses (at microliter levels) that are merged on-line with the eluted analytes through precise tuning (Pulsed-Post Column Derivatization, Pulsed-PCD). The profiles of the pulses in terms of time and flow rate were investigated "visually" using caffeine as model compound (at 274 nm). The robustness of the procedure was evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations and was verified taking into account the precisions of typically used propulsion systems. As a proof of concept, we selected the determination of histidine in human urine after separation by cation exchange chromatography and Pulsed-PCD derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde. The consumption of the derivatizing reagent was downscaled to the microliter level per run, while the analytical results were within the expected ranges (110 - 1520 µmol L-1) and with good agreement with the corroborative method based on classic HPLC-PCD.
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Information rich chromatographic separations of natural samples: The analysis of antioxidants in coffee using post column derivatisation and the CUPRAC assay on narrow bore reaction flow HPLC columns. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Manousi N, K. Zacharis C. Automated Post-Column Sample Manipulation Prior to Detection in Liquid Chromatography: A Review of Pharmaceutical and Bioanalytical Applications. CURR ANAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411015666190327170559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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Automated post-column sample manipulation is undoubtedly one of the most challenging
approaches in liquid chromatography for the improvement of method selectivity and sensitivity. With
the post-column analyte derivatization being the most-abundant approach approach of this category,
other strategies typically comprise post-column infusion of internal standard or other reagents prior
to mass spectrometric detection to enhance the ionization efficiency of the analyte or to compensate
the ion suppression/enhancement.
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In this review, on-line post column methodologies focused on the quality control of pharmaceuticals
and biomedical applications will be presented and discussed. Emphasis will be given on the
automation capabilities of such systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Analytical Development Laboratory, R&D API Operations, Pharmathen SA, 9th klm Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
| | - Constantinos K. Zacharis
- Analytical Development Laboratory, R&D API Operations, Pharmathen SA, 9th klm Thessaloniki-Thermi, Thessaloniki 57001, Greece
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Suktham T, Jones A, Soliven A, Dennis GR, Shalliker RA. A comparison of the performance of the cupric reducing antioxidant potential assay and the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay for the analysis of antioxidants using reaction flow chromatography. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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7
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Soliven A, Rodriguez C, Pareja L, Colazzo M, Cesio V, Shalliker RA, Pérez-Parada A, Heinzen H. The parallel segmented flow column as an alternative front-end LC strategy for trace analyses. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Acquaviva A, Jones A, Dennis GR, Castells C, Shalliker RA, Soliven A. Narrow bore post column derivatisation assays via reaction flow chromatography. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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9
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High throughput screening of phenolic constituents in a complex sample matrix using post-column derivatisations employing reaction flow HPLC columns. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Jones A, Acquaviva A, Dennis GR, Shalliker RA, Soliven A. Bioactive screening of complex tea samples using the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay incorporating reaction flow HPLC columns for post column derivatisations. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Acquaviva A, Jones A, Dennis GR, Shalliker RA, Soliven A. Phenolic profiling of complex tea samples via simultaneous multiplexed detection employing reaction flow HPLC columns and colorimetric post column derivatisation. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Jones A, Nair-Shalliker V, Dennis GR, Andrew Shalliker R. The future of liquid chromatographic separations should include post column derivatisations: A discussion view point based on the perspective for the analysis of vitamin D. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Baranauskaite J, Kubiliene A, Marksa M, Petrikaite V, Vitkevičius K, Baranauskas A, Bernatoniene J. The Influence of Different Oregano Species on the Antioxidant Activity Determined Using HPLC Postcolumn DPPH Method and Anticancer Activity of Carvacrol and Rosmarinic Acid. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1681392. [PMID: 29181386 PMCID: PMC5664182 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1681392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate concentration-dependent antioxidant and anticancer activities of CA and RA in ethanol extracts of three different Oregano species (Origanum onites L., Origanum vulgare L., and Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum). The study revealed the highest RA antioxidant activity in O. vulgare ssp. hirtum (9550 ± 95 mmol/g) and the lowest in O. vulgare L. (2605 ± 52 mmol/g) (p < 0.05). The highest CA amount was present in O. onites L., which was 1.8 and 4.7 times higher (p < 0.05) than in O. vulgare ssp. hirtum and O. vulgare L., respectively. The anticancer activity was evaluated on human glioblastoma (U87) and triple-negative breast cancer (MDA-MB231) cell lines in vitro. RA anticancer activity was negligible. CA and the extracts were about 1.5-2 times more active against MDA-MB231 cell line (p < 0.05) compared to U87 cell line. The anticancer activities of three tested extracts were similar against U87 cell line (p > 0.05) but they had different activities against MDA-MB231 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juste Baranauskaite
- Department of Drugs Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Asta Kubiliene
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Marksa
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Petrikaite
- Department of Drug Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Konradas Vitkevičius
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Algirdas Baranauskas
- Department of Drugs Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Jurga Bernatoniene
- Department of Drugs Technology and Social Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Medical Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania
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Teerasong S, Jinnarak A, Chaneam S, Wilairat P, Nacapricha D. Poly(vinyl alcohol) capped silver nanoparticles for antioxidant assay based on seed-mediated nanoparticle growth. Talanta 2017; 170:193-198. [PMID: 28501158 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid method for measurement of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was developed. In this work, gallic acid was used as the antioxidant standard. Poly(vinyl alcohol) embedded silver nanoparticles (PVA-AgNPs) were employed as a colorimetric sensor. The detection principle was based on the seed-mediated nanoparticle growth technique. The PVA-AgNPs act as a catalyst in the reduction of Ag+ by gallic acid by providing nucleation seeds. Ag+ was reduced to Ag° and accumulated on the PVA-AgNP surface, leading to an increase in the size of particles. The absorbance of the colloidal solution was drastically enhanced with a small red shift. Under optimal conditions, a linear response was established between the change in absorbance and the TAC value expressed in terms of gallic acid equivalents. The linear range was from 25 to 200μM with a detection limit of 22.1μM. Satisfactory precision was obtained with % relative standard deviation (RSD) of 2.17. The developed sensor was successfully applied for TAC assessment of commercial ginger products. The PVA-AgNP sensor offers rapid analysis (within 5min) compared to other nanoparticle-based antioxidant assays. Synthesis of the particles and assay involved less-toxic chemicals, and is therefore a "greener" method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saowapak Teerasong
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520 Thailand; Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), 10400 Thailand.
| | - Amornrassamee Jinnarak
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Analytical Chemistry Research Unit, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520 Thailand
| | - Sumonmarn Chaneam
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), 10400 Thailand; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000 Thailand
| | - Prapin Wilairat
- National Doping Control Centre, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400 Thailand
| | - Duangjai Nacapricha
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs), 10400 Thailand; Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400 Thailand
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Pravadali-Cekic S, Jones A, Kazarian AA, Paull B, Soliven A, Ritchie H, Camenzuli M, Leung L, Dennis GR, Shalliker RA. Postcolumn derivatization of amino acids using reaction flow chromatography columns with fluorescence detection: A fast new approach to selective derivatization techniques. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1285312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Pravadali-Cekic
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew Jones
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
| | - Artaches A. Kazarian
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Brett Paull
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- School of Physical Sciences (Chemistry), University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Arianne Soliven
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Natural Products and Pharmacognosy, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Harald Ritchie
- Trajan Scientific Europe Ltd, Crownhill, Milton Keynes, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle Camenzuli
- Van’t Hoff Institute of Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa Leung
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
| | - Gary R. Dennis
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
| | - R. Andrew Shalliker
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
- School of Science and Health, Western Sydney University, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
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Jones A, Pravadali-Cekic S, Hua S, Kocic D, Camenzuli M, Dennis G, Shalliker A. Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27168419 DOI: 10.3791/53462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A protocol for the use of reaction flow high performance liquid chromatography columns for methods employing post column derivatization (PCD) is presented. A major difficulty in adapting PCD to modern HPLC systems and columns is the need for large volume reaction coils that enable reagent mixing and then the derivatization reaction to take place. This large post column dead volume leads to band broadening, which results in a loss of observed separation efficiency and indeed detection in sensitivity. In reaction flow post column derivatization (RF-PCD) the derivatization reagent(s) are pumped against the flow of mobile phase into either one or two of the outer ports of the reaction flow column where it is mixed with column effluent inside a frit housed within the column end fitting. This technique allows for more efficient mixing of the column effluent and derivatization reagent(s) meaning that the volume of the reaction loops can be minimized or even eliminated altogether. It has been found that RF-PCD methods perform better than conventional PCD methods in terms of observed separation efficiency and signal to noise ratio. A further advantage of RF-PCD techniques is the ability to monitor effluent coming from the central port in its underivatized state. RF-PCD has currently been trialed on a relatively small range of post column reactions, however, there is currently no reason to suggest that RF-PCD could not be adapted to any existing one or two component (as long as both reagents are added at the same time) post column derivatization reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Jones
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney
| | | | - Stanley Hua
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney
| | - Danijela Kocic
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney
| | | | - Gary Dennis
- School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney
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Apak R, Özyürek M, Güçlü K, Çapanoğlu E. Antioxidant Activity/Capacity Measurement. 3. Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species (ROS/RNS) Scavenging Assays, Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, and Chromatographic/Chemometric Assays. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:1046-1070. [PMID: 26689748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
There are many studies in which the antioxidant potential of different foods have been analyzed. However, there are still conflicting results and lack of information as a result of unstandardized assay techniques and differences between the principles of the methods applied. The measurement of antioxidant activity, especially in the case of mixtures, multifunctional or complex multiphase systems, cannot be evaluated satisfactorily using a simple antioxidant test due to the many variables influencing the results. In the literature, there are many antioxidant assays that are used to measure the total antioxidant activity/capacity of food materials. In this review, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) scavenging assays are evaluated with respect to their mechanism, advantages, disadvantages, and potential use in food systems. On the other hand, in vivo antioxidant activity (AOA) assays including oxidative stress biomarkers and cellular-based assays are covered within the scope of this review. Finally, chromatographic and chemometric assays are reviewed, focusing on their benefits especially with respect to their time saving, cost-effective, and sensitive nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University , Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özyürek
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University , Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kubilay Güçlü
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University , Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University , Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey
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Pravadali-Cekic S, Kocic D, Conlan X, Shalliker RA. Multiplexed Detection: Fast Comprehensive Sample Analysis of Tobacco Leaf Extracts Using HPLC with AFT Columns. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1105256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Pravadali-Cekic
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danijela Kocic
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xavier Conlan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria Australia
| | - R. Andrew Shalliker
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Sciences (ACROSS), School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), New South Wales, Australia
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Peng WB, Tan JL, Huang DD, Ding XP. On-Line HPLC with Biochemical Detection for Screening Bioactive Compounds in Complex Matrixes. Chromatographia 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-015-2982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Post column derivatisation analyses review. Is post-column derivatisation incompatible with modern HPLC columns? Anal Chim Acta 2015; 889:58-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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21
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Pravadali-Cekic S, Jones A, Kazarian AA, Paull B, Soliven A, Ritchie H, Camenzuli M, Dennis GR, Andrew Shalliker R. Using reaction flow chromatography for the analysis of amino acid: Derivatisation with fluorescamine reagent. Microchem J 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Marksa M, Radušienė J, Jakštas V, Ivanauskas L, Marksienė R. Development of an HPLC post-column antioxidant assay forSolidago canadensisradical scavengers. Nat Prod Res 2015; 30:536-43. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1027703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Selim M, Soliven A, Camenzuli M, Dennis G, Ritchie H, Shalliker R. A two-component post-column derivatisation method utilising reaction flow chromatography. Microchem J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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