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Radosavljević M, Belović M, Cvetanović Kljakić A, Torbica A. Production, modification and degradation of fructans and fructooligosacharides by enzymes originated from plants. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131668. [PMID: 38649077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Non-starch polysaccharides exhibit numerous beneficial health effects but compounds belonging to FODMAP (Fermentable Oligo- Di- and Monosaccharides and Polyols) has been recently connected to several gastrointestinal disorders. This review presents integrated literature data on the occurrence and types of fructans and fructooligosaccharids (classified as FODMAPs) as well as their degrading enzymes present in plants. Plants from the family Asteraceae and many monocotyledones, including families Poaceae and Liliaceae, are the most abundant sources of both fructans and fructan-degrading enzymes. So far, vast majority of publications concerning the application of these specific plants in production of bakery products is related to increase of dietary fibre content in these products. However, there is limited research on their effect on FODMAP content and fibre balance. The authors emphasize the possibility of application of enzyme rich plant extract in food production casting light on the new scientific approach to fibre modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miloš Radosavljević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Miona Belović
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Aleksandra Torbica
- University of Novi Sad, Institute of Food Technology, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21102 Novi Sad, Serbia
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2
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Elattar MM, Darwish RS, Hammoda HM, Dawood HM. An ethnopharmacological, phytochemical, and pharmacological overview of onion (Allium cepa L.). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117779. [PMID: 38262524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Onion (Allium cepa L.) is one of the most widely distributed species within the Allium genus of family Amaryllidaceae. Onion has been esteemed for its medicinal properties since antiquity. It has been consumed for centuries in various indigenous cultures for the management of several ailments including microbial infections, respiratory, gastrointestinal, skin and cardio-vascular disorders, diabetes, renal colic, rheumatism, sexual impotence, menstrual pain, and headache. However, so far, there is a scarcity of recent data that compiles the plant chemistry, traditional practices, biological features, and toxicity. AIM OF THE WORK The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and analytical overview of ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, industrial applications, quality control, and toxicology of onion, to offer new perspectives and broad scopes for future studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS The information gathered in this review was obtained from various sources including books, scientific databases such as Science Direct, Wiley, PubMed, Google Scholar, and other domestic and foreign literature. RESULTS Onion has a long history of use as a traditional medicine for management of various conditions including infectious, inflammatory, respiratory, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and erectile dysfunction. More than 400 compounds have been identified in onion including flavonoids, phenolic acids, amino acids, peptides, saponins and fatty acids. The plant extracts and compounds showed various pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hyperlipidemic, anticancer, aphrodisiac, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activities. In addition to its predominant medicinal uses, onion has found various applications in the functional food industry. CONCLUSION Extensive literature analysis reveals that onion extracts and bioactive constituents possess diverse pharmacological activities that can be beneficial for treating various diseases. However, the current research primarily revolves around the documentation of ethnic pharmacology and predominantly consists of in vitro studies, with relatively limited in vivo and clinical studies. Consequently, it is imperative for future investigations to prioritize and expand the scope of in vivo and clinical research. Additionally, it is strongly recommended to direct further research efforts towards toxicity studies and quality control of the plant. These studies will help bridge the current knowledge gaps and establish a solid basis for exploring the plant's potential uses in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam M Elattar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Reham S Darwish
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hala M Hammoda
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Hend M Dawood
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt
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3
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Alvarez-Zapata M, Franco-Vega A, Rondero AG, Guerra RS, Flores BIJ, Comas-García M, Ovalle CO, Schneider B, Ratering S, Schnell S, Martinez-Gutierrez F. Modulation of the Altered Intestinal Microbiota by Use of Antibiotics with a Novel Synbiotic on Wistar Rats. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10204-0. [PMID: 38127241 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10204-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The use of antibiotics unbalances the intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics are alternatives for these unbalances. The effects of a new synbiotic composed of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and fructans from Agave salmiana (fAs) as prebiotics were assessed to modulate the intestinal microbiota. Two probiotic presentations, the commercial probiotic (CP) and the microencapsulated probiotic (MP) to improve those effects, were used to prepare the synbiotics and feed Wistar rats subjected to antibiotics (AB). Eight groups were studied, including five controls and three groups to modulate the microbiota after the use of antibiotics: G5: AB + MP-synbiotic, G6: AB + CP-synbiotic, and G8: AB + fAs. All treatments were administered daily for 7 days. On days 7 and 21, euthanasia was performed, cecum tissue was recovered and used to evaluate histological analysis and to study microphotograph by TEM, and finally, bacterial DNA was extracted and 16S rRNA gene metabarcode sequencing was performed. Histological analysis showed less epithelial damage and more abundance of the intestinal microbiota in the groups G5, G6, and G8 in comparison with the AB control group after 7 days. Microphotograph of the cecum at 2 weeks post treatment showed that G5 and G6 presented beneficial effects in epithelial reconstruction. Interestingly, in the groups that used the synbiotic without AB (G3 and G4) in addition to contributing to the recovery of the autochthonous microbiota, it promotes the development of beneficial microorganisms; those results were also achieved in the groups that used the synbiotic with AB enhancing the bacterial diversity and regulating the impact of AB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Alvarez-Zapata
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6 Zona Universitaria, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México
| | - Avelina Franco-Vega
- Laboratorio de Tecnologías Emergentes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Adriana Ganem Rondero
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica (L-322), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Estado de México, México
| | - Ruth Soria Guerra
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de plantas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
| | | | - Mauricio Comas-García
- Sección de Genómica Médica, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México
- Sección de Microscopía de Alta Resolución, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, Mexico
- Facultad de Ciencias, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosi, Mexico
| | | | - Belinda Schneider
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Ratering
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Sylvia Schnell
- Institute of Applied Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Fidel Martinez-Gutierrez
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, U.A.S.L.P., Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6 Zona Universitaria, CP 78210, San Luis Potosí, S.L.P., México.
- Sección de Genómica Médica, Centro de Investigación en Biomedicina y Salud, U.A.S.L.P., San Luis Potosí, México.
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Wang X, Li X, Zhang L, An L, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Recent progress in plant-derived polysaccharides with prebiotic potential for intestinal health by targeting gut microbiota: a review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-30. [PMID: 37651130 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2248631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Natural products of plant origin are of high interest and widely used, especially in the food industry, due to their low toxicity and wide range of bioactive properties. Compared to other plant components, the safety of polysaccharides has been generally recognized. As dietary fibers, plant-derived polysaccharides are mostly degraded in the intestine by polysaccharide-degrading enzymes secreted by gut microbiota, and have potential prebiotic activity in both non-disease and disease states, which should not be overlooked, especially in terms of their involvement in the treatment of intestinal diseases and the promotion of intestinal health. This review elucidates the regulatory effects of plant-derived polysaccharides on gut microbiota and summarizes the mechanisms involved in targeting gut microbiota for the treatment of intestinal diseases. Further, the structure-activity relationships between different structural types of plant-derived polysaccharides and the occurrence of their prebiotic activity are further explored. Finally, the practical applications of plant-derived polysaccharides in food production and food packaging are summarized and discussed, providing important references for expanding the application of plant-derived polysaccharides in the food industry or developing functional dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhen Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xia Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingzhuo An
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Kaur P, Khatri M, Singh G, Selvaraj M, Assiri MA, Lalthazuala Rokhum S, Kumar Arya S, Jones S, Greff B, Woong Chang S, Ravindran B, Awasthi MK. Xylopentose production from crop residue employing xylanase enzyme. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 370:128572. [PMID: 36603755 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To produce xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) from the agriculture waste, which included, green coconut and vegetable cocktail. The two pretreatment - hydrogen peroxide-acetic acid (HP-AC) and sodium hypochlorite-sodium hydroxide (SH-SH) - were used for this study. The optimal conditions for the pretreatment were 80 °C, 4.0 % NaClO, and 2 h, followed by 0.08 % NaOH, 55 °C, and 1 h. Further enzymatic hydrolysis of green coconut (GC) and vegetable cocktail (VC) were performed and found in case of GC, the best outcomes were observed. Different types of XOS were obtained from the treated biomass whereas a single type of XOS xylo-pentose was obtained in high quantity (96.44 % and 93.09 % from CG and VC respectively) with the production of other XOS < 2 %. This study presents a reasonably secure and economical method for turning secondary crop residue into XOS and fermentable sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritam Kaur
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, TaichengRoad3# Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Madhu Khatri
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gursharan Singh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Manickam Selvaraj
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shailendra Kumar Arya
- Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sumathi Jones
- Department of Pharmacology, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, BIHER, Chennai 600100, India
| | - Babett Greff
- Department of Food Science, Albert Casimir Faculty at Mosonmagyaróvár, Széchenyi István University, 15-17 Lucsony Street, 9200 Mosonmagyaróvár, Hungary
| | - Soon Woong Chang
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon- Si, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea
| | - Balasubramani Ravindran
- Department of Environmental Energy and Engineering, Kyonggi University, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon- Si, Gyeonggi-Do 16227, Republic of Korea; Department of Medical Biotechnology and Integrative Physiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, TaichengRoad3# Shaanxi, Yangling 712100, China.
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HPTLC-based fingerprinting: An alternative approach for fructooligosaccharides metabolism profiling. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 6:100451. [PMID: 36798949 PMCID: PMC9925861 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fructans are categorized as fructose-based metabolites with no more than one glucose in their structure. Agave species possess a mixture of linear and ramified fructans with different degrees of polymerization. Among them, fructooligosaccharides are fructans with low degree of polymerization which might be approachable by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). Thus, this study used two emblematic Agave species collected at different ages as models to explore the feasibility of HPTLC-based fingerprinting to characterize fructooligosaccharides (FOS) production, accumulation, and behavior through time. To do so, high performance anion exchange was also used as analytical reference to determine the goodness and robustness of HPTLC data. The multivariate data analysis showed separation of samples dictated by species and age effects detected by both techniques. Moreover, linear correlations between the increase of the age in agave and their carbohydrate fraction was established in both species by both techniques. Oligosaccharides found to be correlated to species and age factors, these suggest changes in specific carbohydrate metabolism enzymes. Thus, HPTLC was proven as a complementary or stand-alone fingerprinting platform for fructooligosaccharides characterization in biological mixtures. However, the type of derivatizing reagent and the extraction color channel determined the goodness of the model used to scrutinize agavin fructooligosaccharides (aFOS).
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Asparagus Fructans as Emerging Prebiotics. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010081. [PMID: 36613297 PMCID: PMC9818401 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Commercial fructans (inulin and oligofructose) are generally obtained from crops such as chicory, Jerusalem artichoke or agave. However, there are agricultural by-products, namely asparagus roots, which could be considered potential sources of fructans. In this work, the fructans extracted from asparagus roots and three commercial ones from chicory and agave were studied in order to compare their composition, physicochemical characteristics, and potential health effects. Asparagus fructans had similar chemical composition to the others, especially in moisture, simple sugars and total fructan contents. However, its contents of ash, protein and phenolic compounds were higher. FTIR analysis confirmed these differences in composition. Orafti®GR showed the highest degree of polymerization (DP) of up to 40, with asparagus fructans (up to 25) falling between Orafti®GR and the others (DP 10-11). Although asparagus fructan powder had a lower fructan content and lower DP than Orafti®GR, its viscosity was higher, probably due to the presence of proteins. The existence of phenolic compounds lent antioxidant activity to asparagus fructans. The prebiotic activity in vitro of the four samples was similar and, in preliminary assays, asparagus fructan extract presented health effects related to infertility and diabetes diseases. All these characteristics confer a great potential for asparagus fructans to be included in the prebiotics market.
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Chelliah R, Park SJ, Oh S, Lee E, Daliri EBM, Elahi F, Park CR, Sultan G, Madar IH, Oh DH. Unveiling the potentials of bioactive oligosaccharide1-kestose (GF2) from Musa paradisiaca Linn peel with an anxiolytic effect based on gut microbiota modulation in stressed mice model. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Optimization of the Ultrasound Operating Conditions for Extraction and Quantification of Fructooligosaccharides from Garlic (Allium sativum L.) via High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Refractive Index Detector. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196388. [PMID: 36234922 PMCID: PMC9573205 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary interventions have captured the attention of nutritionists due to their health-promoting aspects, in addition to medications. In this connection, supplementation of nutraceuticals is considered as a rational approach to alleviating various metabolic disorders. Among novel strategies, prebiotic-supplemented foods are an encouraging trend in addressing the issue. In the present investigation, prebiotic fructooligosaccharides (FOS) were extracted from garlic (Allium sativum L.) powder using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE). The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the independent sonication variables, i.e., extraction temperature (ET, 80, 90, and 100 °C), amplitude level (AL, 70, 80, and 90%) and sonication time (ST, 10, 15 and 20 min). The maximum FOS yield (6.23 ± 0.52%) was obtained at sonication conditions of ET (80 °C), AL (80%) and ST (10 min), while the minimum yield of FOS was obtained at high operating temperatures and time. The optimized FOS yield (7.19%) was obtained at ET (80 °C), AL (73%) and ST (15 min) after model validation. The influence of sonication parameters, i.e., ET, AL and ST, on FOS yield was evaluated by varying their coded levels from −1 to +1, respectively, for each independent variable. High-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detector (HPLC-RID) detection and quantification indicated that sucrose was present in high amounts (2.06 ± 0.10 g/100 g) followed by fructose and glucose. Total FOS fractions which included nystose present in maximum concentration (526 ± 14.7 mg/100 g), followed by 1-kestose (428 ± 19.5 mg/100 g) and fructosylnystoses (195 ± 6.89 mg/100 g). Conclusively, garlic is a good source of potential prebiotics FOS and they can be extracted using optimized sonication parameters using ultrasound-assisted techniques with maximum yield percentage.
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Qiu Z, Qiao Y, Zhang B, Sun-Waterhouse D, Zheng Z. Bioactive polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from garlic (Allium sativum L.): Production, physicochemical and biological properties, and structure-function relationships. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:3033-3095. [PMID: 35765769 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Garlic is a common food, and many of its biological functions are attributed to its components including functional carbohydrates. Garlic polysaccharides and oligosaccharides as main components are understudied but have future value due to the growing demand for bioactive polysaccharides/oligosaccharides from natural sources. Garlic polysaccharides have molecular weights of 1 × 103 to 2 × 106 Da, containing small amounts of pectins and fructooligosaccharides and large amounts of inulin-type fructans ((2→1)-linked β-d-Fruf backbones alone or with attached (2→6)-linked β-d-Fruf branched chains). This article provides a detailed review of research progress and identifies knowledge gaps in extraction, production, composition, molecular characteristics, structural features, physicochemical properties, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides. Whether the extraction processes, synthesis approaches, and modification methods established for other non-garlic polysaccharides are also effective for garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (to preserve their desired molecular structures and bioactivities) requires verification. The metabolic processes of ingested garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides (as food ingredients/dietary supplements), their modes of action in healthy humans or populations with chronic conditions, and molecular/chain organization-bioactivity relationships remain unclear. Future research directions related to garlic polysaccharides/oligosaccharides are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yiteng Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.,School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhenjia Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Food Processing Technology and Quality Control of Shandong Higher Education Institutes, College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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Mudannayake DC, Jayasena DD, Wimalasiri KM, Ranadheera CS, Ajlouni S. Inulin fructans as functional food ingredients‐ food applications and alternative plant sources: a review. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deshani C. Mudannayake
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka
| | - Dinesh D. Jayasena
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Export Agriculture Uva Wellassa University Badulla Sri Lanka
| | - Kuruppu M.S. Wimalasiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture University of Peradeniya Peradeniya Sri Lanka
| | - C. S. Ranadheera
- School of Agriculture & Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Said Ajlouni
- School of Agriculture & Food, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences The University of Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
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Echegaray N, Yegin S, Kumar M, Hassoun A, Bastianello Campagnol PC, Lorenzo JM. Application of oligosaccharides in meat processing and preservation. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10947-10958. [PMID: 35648076 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2081963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, consumer preference and attention to foodstuff presented as healthy and with desirable nutritional information, has increased significantly. In this field, the meat industry has a challenging task since meat and meat products have been related to various chronic diseases. Functional ingredients have emerged in response to the increasing demand for healthier and more nutritious foods. On this matter, oligosaccharides such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS), xylooligosaccharides (XOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and chitooligosaccharides (COS) have been presented as suitable ingredients for the meat industry with the aim of obtaining healthier meat derivatives (e.g. with low fat or sugar content, reduced amount of additives, and desirable functional properties, etc.). However, studies considering application of such oligomers in the meat sector are scarce. In addition, a large number of issues remain to be solved related both to obtaining and characterizing the oligosaccharides available in the industry and to the effect that these ingredients have on the features of meat products (mainly physicochemical and sensory). The study of new oligosaccharides, the methodologies for obtaining them, and their application to new meat products should be promoted, as well as improving knowledge about their effects on the properties of functional meat foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí Echegaray
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
| | - Sirma Yegin
- Department of Food Engineering, Ege University, Izmir, Bornova, Turkey
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR - Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Abdo Hassoun
- Sustainable AgriFoodtech Innovation & Research (SAFIR), Arras, France
- Syrian Academic Expertise (SAE), Gaziantep, Turkey
| | | | - Jose M Lorenzo
- Centro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, Ourense, Spain
- Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Ciencias de Ourense, Universidad de Vigo, Ourense, Spain
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Ojwach J, Adetunji AI, Mutanda T, Mukaratirwa S. Oligosaccharides production from coprophilous fungi: An emerging functional food with potential health-promoting properties. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 33:e00702. [PMID: 35127459 PMCID: PMC8803601 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2022.e00702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Functional foods are essential food products that possess health-promoting properties for the treatment of infectious diseases. In addition, they provide energy and nutrients, which are required for growth and survival. They occur as prebiotics or dietary supplements, including oligosaccharides, processed foods, and herbal products. However, oligosaccharides are more efficiently recognized and utilized, as they play a fundamental role as functional ingredients with great potential to improve health in comparison to other dietary supplements. They are low molecular weight carbohydrates with a low degree of polymerization. They occur as fructooligosaccharide (FOS), inulooligosaccharadie (IOS), and xylooligosaccahride (XOS), depending on their monosaccharide units. Oligosaccharides are produced by acid or chemical hydrolysis. However, this technique is liable to several drawbacks, including inulin precipitation, high processing temperature, low yields, and high production costs. As a consequence, the application of microbial enzymes for oligosaccharide production is recognized as a promising strategy. Microbial enzymatic production of FOS and IOS occurs by submerged or solid-state fermentation in the presence of suitable substrates (sucrose, inulin) and catalyzed by fructosyltransferases and inulinases. Incorporation of FOS and IOS enriches the rheological and physiological characteristics of foods. They are used as low cariogenic sugar substitutes, suitable for diabetics, and as prebiotics, probiotics and nutraceutical compounds. In addition, these oligosaccharides are employed as anticancer, antioxidant agents and aid in mineral absorption, lipid metabolism, immune regulation etc. This review, therefore, focuses on the occurrence, physico-chemical characteristics, and microbial enzymatic synthesis of FOS and IOS from coprophilous fungi. In addition, the potential health benefits of these oligosaccharides were discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Ojwach
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17 Bellville 7530, South Africa
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Adegoke Isiaka Adetunji
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Taurai Mutanda
- Centre for Algal Biotechnology, Department of Nature Conservation, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Mangosuthu University of Technology, P.O. Box 12363, Jacobs 4026, Durban, South Africa
| | - Samson Mukaratirwa
- School of Life Sciences, College of Agriculture Engineering and Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban 4000, South Africa
- One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, School of Veterinary Medicine, P.O. Box 334, Basseterre, St. Kitts, West Indies
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14
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Zimmermann A, Kaltschmitt M. Quantification of fructans in cereal‐based bioethanol stillage based on a simplified analytical method. Cereal Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Martin Kaltschmitt
- Institute of Environmental Technology and Energy Economics Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
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15
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Sagar NA, Pareek S, Benkeblia N, Xiao J. Onion (
Allium cepa
L.) bioactives: Chemistry, pharmacotherapeutic functions, and industrial applications. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Narashans Alok Sagar
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli Sonepat Haryana India
| | - Sunil Pareek
- Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management Kundli Sonepat Haryana India
| | - Noureddine Benkeblia
- Department of Life Sciences/The Biotechnology Centre The University of the West Indies Kingston Jamaica
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry Faculty of Sciences Universidade de Vigo Ourense Spain
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16
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Water- and ethanol-soluble carbohydrates of temperate grass pastures: a review of factors affecting concentration and composition. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 110:103866. [PMID: 35017041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.103866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Temperate grasses contain both water- and ethanol-soluble carbohydrates. Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) of temperate grasses include glucose, fructose, sucrose, and fructans (fructose polymers) of varying lengths. Ethanol-soluble carbohydrates (ESCs) consist of glucose, fructose, sucrose, and shorter fructans. WSCs and ESCs have been implicated in equine pasture-associated laminitis and other metabolic disorders. In this paper, the peer-reviewed literature of the past decade was summarized for selected factors influencing concentrations and composition of WSCs and ESCs in temperate grasses. WSC concentrations tended to increase under cool temperatures and during cooler seasons. WSC and ESC concentrations generally increased from morning to evening with a range of -20 to 74 g/kg DM for WSCs. Cultivar choice had variable effects on WSC concentrations. Frequent defoliation usually lowered WSC and fructan concentrations. Nitrogen application increased or decreased WSC concentrations, depending on the amount applied and the grass cultivars. Water stress had variable effects on WSC concentration and composition. Multiple factors should be considered before assuming how certain management or environmental conditions will affect WSCs, ESCs, or individual carbohydrates.
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17
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Korany SM, El-Hendawy HH, Sonbol H, Hamada MA. Partial characterization of levan polymer from Pseudomonas fluorescens with significant cytotoxic and antioxidant activity. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6679-6689. [PMID: 34764781 PMCID: PMC8568983 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial levan has great potential as a functional biopolymer in different fields including foods, feeds, cosmetics, and the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. In this study, a good levan producer bacterial strain of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain ES, isolated from soil in Egypt in a previous study, was used. Levan production by this strain was optimized using Plackett-Burman experimental design (PBD) to screen the critical factors of several process variables and Centered Central Composite Design (CCD) was applied for further estimation of the relationship between the variables and the response as well as optimization of the levels. Plackett-Burman (P-B) design showed a p-value 0.0144 less than 0.05 indicated the significance of the model. Sucrose, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, yeast extract and pH value showed the most significant effect on levan concentration at the values of 89.17, 65.83, 24.17, and 15.83, respectively. The purified levan polymer was characterized using different Physico-chemical methods such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to determine the main composition and functional groups in the obtained polymer. HPLC results indicated that the polymer purification increased the percentage of fructose residue from 75 up to 89. Furthermore, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy analysis showed great matching between the obtained signal for our polymer with that reported in other people's work. The obtained levan polymer exhibited cytotoxic activity against Human epidermoid Skin carcinoma and Hepatocellular carcinoma with IC50 of 469 and 222.7 µg/ml, respectively. Antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH assay and the percentage of inhibition at 1000 µg/ml was found to be <50 (13.89 ± 1.07) with IC50 of (24.42 ± 0.87).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen M Korany
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 84428 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hoda H El-Hendawy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hana Sonbol
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, 84428 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa A Hamada
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Helwan, 11795 Cairo, Egypt
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18
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Influence of propagation method and storage conditions on fructo-oligosaccharide degradation in onions (Allium cepa L.). J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Castillo JJ, Galermo AG, Amicucci MJ, Nandita E, Couture G, Bacalzo N, Chen Y, Lebrilla CB. A Multidimensional Mass Spectrometry-Based Workflow for De Novo Structural Elucidation of Oligosaccharides from Polysaccharides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2175-2185. [PMID: 34261322 PMCID: PMC8344699 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Carbohydrates play essential roles in a variety of biological processes that are dictated by their structures. However, characterization of carbohydrate structures remains extremely difficult and generally unsolved. In this work, a de novo mass spectrometry-based workflow was developed to isolate and structurally elucidate oligosaccharides to provide sequence, monosaccharide compositions, and glycosidic linkage positions. The approach employs liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based methods in a 3-dimensional concept: one high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-QTOF MS) analysis for oligosaccharide sequencing and two ultra high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QqQ MS) analyses on fractionated oligosaccharides to determine their monosaccharides and linkages compositions. The workflow was validated by applying the procedure to maltooligosaccharide standards. The approach was then used to determine the structures of oligosaccharides derived from polysaccharide standards and whole food products. The integrated LC-MS workflow will reveal the in-depth structures of oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Jose Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
| | - Ace G. Galermo
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
| | - Matthew J. Amicucci
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
- Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry Graduate
Group, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616,
United States
| | - Eshani Nandita
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
| | - Garret Couture
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
| | - Nikita Bacalzo
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
| | - Carlito B. Lebrilla
- Department of Chemistry, University of
California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United
States
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20
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R S, Krishna J, Sankaranarayanan M, Antony U. Enhancement of fructan extraction from garlic and fructooligosaccharide purification using an activated charcoal column. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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21
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Rapid determination of fructooligosaccharide in solar-dried banana syrup by using near-infrared spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-00911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Mendonça CMN, Oliveira RC, Freire RKB, Piazentin ACM, Pereira WA, Gudiña EJ, Evtuguin DV, Converti A, Santos JHPM, Nunes C, Rodrigues LR, Oliveira RPS. Characterization of levan produced by a Paenibacillus sp. isolated from Brazilian crude oil. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 186:788-799. [PMID: 34245738 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A levan-type fructooligosaccharide was produced by a Paenibacillus strain isolated from Brazilian crude oil, the purity of which was 98.5% after precipitation with ethanol and dialysis. Characterization by FTIR, NMR spectroscopy, GC-FID and ESI-MS revealed that it is a mixture of linear β(2 → 6) fructosyl polymers with average degree of polymerization (DP) of 18 and branching ratio of 20. Morphological structure and physicochemical properties were investigated to assess levan microstructure, degradation temperature and thermomechanical features. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis highlighted degradation temperature of 218 °C, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) glass transition at 81.47 °C, and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis three frequency-dependent transition peaks. These peaks, corresponding to a first thermomechanical transition event at 86.60 °C related to the DSC endothermic event, a second at 170.9 °C and a third at 185.2 °C, were attributed to different glass transition temperatures of oligo and polyfructans with different DP. Levan showed high morphological versatility and technological potential for the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos M N Mendonça
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil; CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo C Oliveira
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rominne K B Freire
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anna C M Piazentin
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wellison A Pereira
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J Gudiña
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Dmitry V Evtuguin
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Attilio Converti
- Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Pole of Chemical Engineering, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
| | - João H P M Santos
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Nunes
- CICECO, Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lígia R Rodrigues
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Ricardo P S Oliveira
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
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23
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Carob Pulp: A Nutritional and Functional By-Product Worldwide Spread in the Formulation of Different Food Products and Beverages. A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) pod is a characteristic fruit from the Mediterranean regions. It is composed by seeds, the valuable part due to the extraction of locust bean gum, and the pulp, considered a by-product of the fruit processing industry. Carob pulp is a mixture of macro- and micronutrients, such as carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals, and secondary metabolites with functional properties. In the last few years, numerous studies on the chemical and biological characteristics of the pulp have been performed to encourage its commercial use. Its potential applications as a nutraceutical ingredient in many recipes for food and beverage elaborations have been extensively evaluated. Another aspect highlighted in this work is the use of alternative processes or conditions to mitigate furanic production, recognized for its toxicity. Furthermore, carob pulp’s similar sensorial, chemical and biological properties to cocoa, the absence of the stimulating alkaloids theobromine and caffeine, as well as its low-fat content, make it a healthier potential substitute for cocoa. This paper reviews the nutritional and functional values of carob pulp-based products in order to provide information on the proclaimed health-promoting properties of this interesting by-product.
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24
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Verma DK, Patel AR, Thakur M, Singh S, Tripathy S, Srivastav PP, Chávez-González ML, Gupta AK, Aguilar CN. A review of the composition and toxicology of fructans, and their applications in foods and health. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.103884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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25
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Krähmer A, Böttcher C, Gudi G, Stürtz M, Schulz H. Application of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy for profiling of non-structural carbohydrates in onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs. Food Chem 2021; 360:129978. [PMID: 34000635 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative composition of non-structural carbohydrates comprising glucose, fructose, sucrose and fructooligosaccharides (FOS) is one of the key determinants of market suitability, storability and technological processability of onions. To develop a cost-effective and rapid tool for carbohydrate profiling, applicability of attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy of onion juice was investigated with special regard to FOS patterns. As reference, detailed carbohydrate profiles of onion juices were generated by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD). Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) of ATR-FTIR spectra was successfully applied for classifying onions into fresh market, storage and dehydrator type according to HPLC-ELSD profiles. A bootstrapping method for automatized test-set validation by projection to latent structures (PLS) algorithms using HPLC and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy data was developed. Model statistics showed promising perspectives for reliable quantification of individual saccharides and sum parameters. The presented methodology allows estimating the nutritional and pre-biotic value directly during cultivation and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Krähmer
- Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gennadi Gudi
- Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Melanie Stürtz
- Symrise AG, Mühlenfeldstrasse 1, 37603 Holzminden, Germany.
| | - Hartwig Schulz
- Julius Kühn Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Ecological Chemistry, Plant Analysis and Stored Product Protection, Königin-Luise-Strasse 19, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Consulting & Project Management for Medicinal & Aromatic Plants, Waltraudstrasse 4, 14532 Stahnsdorf, Germany.
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26
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Pitsch J, Sandner G, Huemer J, Huemer M, Huemer S, Weghuber J. FODMAP Fingerprinting of Bakery Products and Sourdoughs: Quantitative Assessment and Content Reduction through Fermentation. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040894. [PMID: 33921672 PMCID: PMC8074121 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) are associated with digestive disorders and with diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome. In this study, we determined the FODMAP contents of bread, bakery products, and flour and assessed the effectiveness of sourdough fermentation for FODMAP reduction. The fermentation products were analyzed to determine the DP 2-7 and DP >7 fructooligosaccharide (FOS) content of rye and wheat sourdoughs. FOSs were reduced by Acetobacter cerevisiae, Acetobacter okinawensis, Fructilactobacillus sanfranciscensis, and Leuconostoc citreum to levels below those in rye (-81%; -97%) and wheat (-90%; -76%) flours. The fermentation temperature influenced the sourdough acetic acid to lactic acid ratios (4:1 at 4 °C; 1:1 at 10 °C). The rye sourdough contained high levels of beneficial arabinose (28.92 g/kg) and mannitol (20.82 g/kg). Our study contributes in-depth knowledge of low-temperature sourdough fermentation in terms of effective FODMAP reduction and concurrent production of desirable fermentation byproducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Pitsch
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (J.P.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria;
| | - Georg Sandner
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria;
| | - Jakob Huemer
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (J.P.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Maximilian Huemer
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (J.P.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
| | - Stefan Huemer
- Fischer Brot GmbH, Nebingerstraße 5, 4020 Linz, Austria;
| | - Julian Weghuber
- FFoQSI Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria; (J.P.); (J.H.); (M.H.)
- Center of Excellence Food Technology and Nutrition, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Stelzhamerstrasse 23, 4600 Wels, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-0508-044-4403
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27
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Nie Y, Luo F. Dietary Fiber: An Opportunity for a Global Control of Hyperlipidemia. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5542342. [PMID: 33897940 PMCID: PMC8052145 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5542342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fiber has a long history in the intervention study of hyperlipidemia. In this review, current understandings of structures, sources, and natures of various kinds of dietary fibers (DFs) were analyzed first. Available evidences for the use of different varieties of DFs in the lipid-lowering action both in vitro and in vivo were subsequently classified, including both soluble ones, such as glucans, pectins, and gums, and insoluble ones, including arabinooxylans and chitosans, in order to draw a primary conclusion of their dose and molecular weight relationship with lipid-lowering effect. Their potential mechanisms, especially the related molecular mechanism of protective action in the treatment and prevention of hyperlipidemia, were summarized at last. Five major mechanisms are believed to be responsible for the antihyperlipidemic benefits of DFs, including low levels of energy, bulking effect, viscosity, binding capacity, and fermentation thus ameliorating the symptoms of hyperlipidemia. From the molecular level, DFs could possibly affect the activities of HMG-CoA reductase, LDL receptors, CYP7A1, and MAPK signaling pathway as well as other lipid metabolism-related target genes. In summary, dietary fibers could be used as alternative supplements to exert certain lipid-lowering effects on humans. However, more clinical evidence is needed to strengthen this proposal and its fully underlying mechanism still requires more investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Nie
- School of Food Technology and Biological Science, Hanshan Normal University, Chaozhou 521041, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, College of Food science and Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory for Deep Processing of Rice and Byproducts, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
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28
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Keller I, Rodrigues CM, Neuhaus HE, Pommerrenig B. Improved resource allocation and stabilization of yield under abiotic stress. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 257:153336. [PMID: 33360492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sugars are the main building blocks for carbohydrate storage, but also serve as signaling molecules and protective compounds during abiotic stress responses. Accordingly, sugar transport proteins fulfill multiple roles as they mediate long distance sugar allocation, but also shape the subcellular and tissue-specific carbohydrate profiles by balancing the levels of these molecules in various compartments. Accordingly, transporter activity represents a target by classical or directed breeding approaches, to either, directly increase phloem loading or to increase sink strength in crop species. The relative subcellular distribution of sugars is critical for molecular signaling affecting yield-relevant processes like photosynthesis, onset of flowering and stress responses, while controlled long-distance sugar transport directly impacts development and productivity of plants. However, long-distance transport is prone to become unbalanced upon adverse environmental conditions. Therefore, we highlight the influence of stress stimuli on sucrose transport in the phloem and include the role of stress induced cellular carbohydrate sinks, like raffinose or fructans, which possess important roles to build up tolerance against challenging environmental conditions. In addition, we report on recent breeding approaches that resulted in altered source and sink capacities, leading to increased phloem sucrose shuttling in crops. Finally, we present strategies integrating the need of cellular stress-protection into the general picture of long-distance transport under abiotic stress, and point to possible approaches improving plant performance and resource allocation under adverse environmental conditions, leading to stabilized or even increased crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Keller
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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Medlej MK, Batoul C, Olleik H, Li S, Hijazi A, Nasser G, Maresca M, Pochat-Bohatier C. Antioxidant Activity and Biocompatibility of Fructo-Polysaccharides Extracted from a Wild Species of Ornithogalum from Lebanon. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010068. [PMID: 33430440 PMCID: PMC7827233 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the properties of biopolymers extracted from a Lebanese onion non edible plant. The extraction was performed under mild conditions by varying the percentage of ultra-sound (US) treatment duration to a total extraction time of 30 min (0, 50, 100% US). The extracts were characterized using FTIR, SEC, GC-MS, TGA, and DSC analyses. The composition of the extracts was determined from the total carbohydrate content and protein content measurements. The thermal analyses indicate that all samples have high thermal stability. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were investigated, using β-carotene bleaching, scavenging activity of ABTS, metal chelating ability, and total antioxidant activity tests. The results indicate that the 50% US treatment leads to the best antioxidant activity. Biocompatibility of the extracts was evaluated using hemolysis and cytotoxicity assays. The results showed that 0 and 50% US samples are not toxic to human cells, in contrary to 100% US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kazem Medlej
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.K.M.); (C.B.); (S.L.)
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; (A.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Cherri Batoul
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.K.M.); (C.B.); (S.L.)
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; (A.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Hamza Olleik
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France; (H.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Suming Li
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.K.M.); (C.B.); (S.L.)
| | - Akram Hijazi
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; (A.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Ghassan Nasser
- Platform for Research and Analysis in Environmental Sciences (PRASE), Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon; (A.H.); (G.N.)
| | - Marc Maresca
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France; (H.O.); (M.M.)
| | - Céline Pochat-Bohatier
- Institut Européen des Membranes, IEM UMR 5635, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, 34095 Montpellier, France; (M.K.M.); (C.B.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-467-143-327
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He L, Yan B, Yao C, Chen X, Li L, Wu Y, Song Z, Song S, Zhang Z, Luo P. Oligosaccharides from Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua: Structural characterization and treatment of LPS-induced peritonitis in mice. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 255:117392. [PMID: 33436221 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharide was isolated from Polygonatum Cyrtonema Hua (PFOS) for the first time. Structure characterized using FT-IR, MALDI-TOF-MS, NMR, AFM, and TEM, indicated that PFOS was graminan-type fructan with a degree of polymerization ranging from 5 to 10. A murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced peritonitis was used to evaluate the in vivo anti-inflammatory and lung protective efficacy of PFOS. The result shown that pretreatment with PFOS (1.0 mg/mL) in peritonitis-induced mice could significantly inhibit the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) in serum (P < 0.001), increase mice survival rate from 12.5 % to 54 % (P < 0.05), and alleviated lung injury through ameliorating the damage of the pulmonary cellular architecture and reducing inflammatory monocyte accumulation in lung tissue. This effect of oligosaccharides could explain the traditional usage of P. cyrtonema as a tonic medicine for respiratory problems and it could be used as a potential natural ingredient with anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili He
- National Engineering Institute for the Research and Development of Endangered Medicinal Resources in Southwest China, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bingxiong Yan
- National Engineering Institute for the Research and Development of Endangered Medicinal Resources in Southwest China, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Caiyun Yao
- National Engineering Institute for the Research and Development of Endangered Medicinal Resources in Southwest China, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Longwei Li
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Youjiao Wu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhijun Song
- National Engineering Institute for the Research and Development of Endangered Medicinal Resources in Southwest China, Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plants, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Shanshan Song
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Zhifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China.
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31
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Di Sotto A, Vitalone A, Di Giacomo S. Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals and Immune System Modulation: An Evidence-Based Overview. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:E468. [PMID: 32842641 PMCID: PMC7563161 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulators are agents able to affect the immune system, by boosting the immune defences to improve the body reaction against infectious or exogenous injuries, or suppressing the abnormal immune response occurring in immune disorders. Moreover, immunoadjuvants can support immune system acting on nonimmune targets, thus improving the immune response. The modulation of inflammatory pathways and microbiome can also contribute to control the immune function. Some plant-based nutraceuticals have been studied as possible immunomodulating agents due to their multiple and pleiotropic effects. Being usually more tolerable than pharmacological treatments, their adjuvant contribution is approached as a desirable nutraceutical strategy. In the present review, the up to date knowledge about the immunomodulating properties of polysaccharides, fatty acids and labdane diterpenes have been analyzed, in order to give scientific basic and clinical evidence to support their practical use. Since promising evidence in preclinical studies, limited and sometimes confusing results have been highlighted in clinical trials, likely due to low methodological quality and lacking standardization. More investigations of high quality and specificity are required to describe in depth the usefulness of these plant-derived nutraceuticals in the immune system modulation, for health promoting and disease preventing purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Di Sotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Annabella Vitalone
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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Structural Characterization of Functional Ingredient Levan Synthesized by Bacillus siamensis Isolated from Traditional Fermented Food in Thailand. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/7352484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The rising global population continues to threaten the world’s food security. The discovery of new technologies to produce food of nutritional and functional properties is urgently needed. One beneficial food to humans of known nutritional value is the prebiotic levan. To address the problem, the present work is aimed at isolating levansucrase enzyme-producing microorganisms from traditional fermented food in Thailand. Bacterial colony morphology was observed for mucoidal consistency on culture plates. Isolated colonies were characterized morphologically by gram staining methods. Dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) reported the highest microbial enzyme activity of 8.51 IU/ml at 12 hours via hydrolysis and frutotransferase activities. Structural characterization of levan via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed β-(2,6)-fructofuranose linkages. The highest enzyme activity was exhibited by bacterium B-6 identified as Bacillus siamensis NR 11274.1 based on the 16s rDNA gene sequence analyses. Thus, the isolated bacterium from the traditional food was confirmed to produce levansucrase enzyme of high industrial importance for the synthesis of levan as a functional food.
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Determining 1-kestose, nystose and raffinose oligosaccharides in grape juices and wines using HPLC: method validation and characterization of products from Northeast Brazil. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 56:4575-4584. [PMID: 31686689 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-03936-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to validate a method for direct determination in grape juice and wine of 1-kestose, nystose and raffinose oligosaccharides by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with refractive index detection using a new type of RP-C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 4 µm) with polar end-capping. The validated methodology was also used to characterize grape juice and fine wine products from Northeastern Brazil; and presented suitable linearity, precision, recovery, limits of detection and quantification. The method presented good specificity, revealing that sugars, organic acids, and ethanol (the main interferences in refraction detection) did not influence the quantification of the studied oligosaccharides. The main oligosaccharide found was 1-kestose (approximately 50% of the samples), followed by raffinose (20% of the samples). The results obtained in this are an indication that grape juices and wines have the potential to be functional beverages in relation to the presence of prebiotics.
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Zhuang D, Qin J, Wang HY, Zhang Y, Liu CY, Ding QQ, Lv GP. Oligosaccharide-based quality evaluation of Atractylodis rhizome and a strategy for simplifying its quality control. BMC Chem 2019; 13:92. [PMID: 31384839 PMCID: PMC6661778 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0605-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atractylodis rhizoma, is the dried rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea (Thunb.) DC. or A. chinensis (DC.) Koidz. Both of two are pharmacologically and economically important, while with differences in efficacy. Therefore, an authentication system is vital for evaluation the quality and discrimination adulteration of Atractylodis rhizoma. Fructooligosaccharides (FOS), which are regarded as functional ingredients in Atractylodis rhizoma, have not been used for quality control of Atractylodis rhizoma for shortage of reference compounds. Results A HPLC-ELSD method was developed for the quantification of FOS in Atractylodis rhizoma. And chemometrics analysis showed that 2 markers including content of degree of polymerization (DP) 12 and total content of DP 3-15 could be used as the main distinctive elements for quality evaluation of Atractylodis rhizome. Actually, the separation and purification of high DP FOS, such as DP 12, is still a challenge because of high polarity. Then DP 5-based qualification evaluation was investigated for quality control of Atractylodis rhizoma. The results showed that A. lancea and A. chinensis could be clearly separated. Conclusions DP 5-based quantification method was credible and effectively adopted for solving the shortage of reference compounds and improving the quality control of Atractylodis rhizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhuang
- 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Qin
- 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Yang Wang
- 2School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- 2School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Yao Liu
- 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816 People's Republic of China
| | - Qing-Qing Ding
- 3Department of Geriatric Oncology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029 People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Ping Lv
- 1School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816 People's Republic of China.,4National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700 People's Republic of China
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35
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Influence of acid depolymerization parameters on levan molar mass distribution and its utilization by bacteria. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 206:371-379. [PMID: 30553334 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Levan is a fructan composed of β -(2, 6) linkages in its main chain. Its health properties, especially its prebiotic potential can be partially modified by changing its molar mass distribution. Given that native levan is rarely fermented by probiotic bacteria, especially lactic acid bacteria (LAB), levanoligosaccharides (LOS) were produced by mild acid hydrolysis. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to determine the optimum parameters for depolymerization. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) was used to characterize the LOS produced and to show the differences between inulin and levan. The prebiotic potential of four fractions of LOS with different molar mass distributions was investigated. MRS (Mann Rogosa Sharpe) medium supplemented with the LOS were inoculated with bacterial strains and growth was monitored by measuring the turbidity of the cultures. The utilization of oligofructans was also confirmed by RP-UHPLC-UV-ESI-MS (liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry) measurements of LOS derivatized with 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP). It was observed that the degree of polymerization of LOS has an influence on the growth of the tested bacteria.
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36
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2013-2014. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2018; 37:353-491. [PMID: 29687922 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review is the eighth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2014. Topics covered in the first part of the review include general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, and arrays. The second part of the review is devoted to applications to various structural types such as oligo- and poly- saccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides, and biopharmaceuticals. Much of this material is presented in tabular form. The third part of the review covers medical and industrial applications of the technique, studies of enzyme reactions, and applications to chemical synthesis. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev 37:353-491, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7FZ, United Kingdom
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37
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In vitro digestibility and fermentability of fructo-oligosaccharides produced by Aspergillus ibericus. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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38
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Bennett R, Olesik SV. Enhanced fluidity liquid chromatography of inulin fructans using ternary solvent strength and selectivity gradients. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 999:161-168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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39
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Kalala G, Kambashi B, Everaert N, Beckers Y, Richel A, Pachikian B, Neyrinck AM, Delzenne NM, Bindelle J. Characterization of fructans and dietary fibre profiles in raw and steamed vegetables. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2017; 69:682-689. [PMID: 29252035 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2017.1412404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dietary fibre (DF) has many positive effects on human health associated with its functionality in the gastrointestinal tract. These benefits vary according to the type of DF. Vegetables can be a natural source of DF in the diet. However, to provide adequate nutritional advice, the content and profile of their various DF types must be characterised. This study aimed to determine the DF profile of 29 vegetables cultivated in Wallonia (Belgium) and the impact of steaming on these profiles. Using a combination of enzymatic, gravimetric and chromatographic methods, fructans, total dietary fibre (TDF), low- and high-molecular-weight soluble dietary fibre (SDF), and insoluble dietary fibre (IDF) were analysed. Results show that the DF content varies considerably among the 29 investigated vegetable varieties and species, but the influence of steaming is limited to a shift from IDF to high-molecular-weight SDF for 18 of the 29 tested vegetables, while fructans are preserved with not actual reduction in the DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaétan Kalala
- a Department of Animal Production , Université de Kinshasa , Kinshasa-XI , DR Congo.,b Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège , Gembloux , Belgium.,c Wallonie Bruxelles International , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Bienvenu Kambashi
- a Department of Animal Production , Université de Kinshasa , Kinshasa-XI , DR Congo.,b Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Nadia Everaert
- b Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Yves Beckers
- b Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Aurore Richel
- b Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
| | - Barbara Pachikian
- d Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Université catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Audrey M Neyrinck
- d Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Université catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- d Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group , Université catholique de Louvain , Brussels , Belgium
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- b Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Université de Liège , Gembloux , Belgium
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40
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Moreno-Vilet L, Bostyn S, Flores-Montaño JL, Camacho-Ruiz RM. Size-exclusion chromatography (HPLC-SEC) technique optimization by simplex method to estimate molecular weight distribution of agave fructans. Food Chem 2017; 237:833-840. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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41
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Pöhnl T, Böttcher C, Schulz H, Stürtz M, Widder S, Carle R, Schweiggert RM. Comparison of high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering (UHPLC-ELSD) for the analyses of fructooligosaccharides in onion ( Allium cepa L.). J Food Compost Anal 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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42
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Pan S, Ding N, Ren J, Gu Z, Li C, Hong Y, Cheng L, Holler TP, Li Z. Maltooligosaccharide-forming amylase: Characteristics, preparation, and application. Biotechnol Adv 2017; 35:619-632. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2017.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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43
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Determination of Single Sugars, Including Inulin, in Plants and Feed Materials by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography and Refraction Index Detection. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation3030036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The exact and reliable detection of sugar monomers and fructans provides important information for the evaluation of carbohydrate metabolism in plants and animals. Using the HPLC method; a large number of samples and single sugars; with both high sensitivity and selectivity; may be analysed. It was shown that the described method—using a Nucleosil column loaded with Pb2+ ions; a refractive index detector (RID); and HPLC-grade water as the eluent—gives precise and reproducible results regarding the detection of individual sugars in extracts of plants and feed materials. The method can be applied for the detection of sucrose; maltose; lactose; xylose; glucose; galactose; arabinose; fructose; ribose; and mannitol. Furthermore; depending on the plant material; the sugars verbascose; stachyose; and raffinose can be separated. The peaks were well resolved and the reproducibility of the analysis; with 94–108% of recovery (RC) and relative standard deviation (RSD) of up to 5%; was very good. The method was successfully applied to a variety of green forages and samples of sugar beet pulp silages. It is also possible to determine fructan with inulin as a standard; together with the other sugars; or alone by a different protocol and column.
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46
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Gélinas P, McKinnon C, Gagnon F. Fructans, water-soluble fibre and fermentable sugars in bread and pasta made with ancient and modern wheat. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gélinas
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Food Research and Development Centre; Saint-Hyacinthe Quebec J2S 8E3 Canada
| | - Carole McKinnon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Food Research and Development Centre; Saint-Hyacinthe Quebec J2S 8E3 Canada
| | - Fleur Gagnon
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Food Research and Development Centre; Saint-Hyacinthe Quebec J2S 8E3 Canada
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47
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Mutanda T, Wilhelmi BS, Whiteley CG. Biocatalytic conversion of inulin and sucrose into short chain oligosaccharides for potential pharmaceutical applications. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, INNOVATION AND DEVELOPMENT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/20421338.2015.1085178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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48
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Modeling and simulation of fructooligosaccharides synthesis in a batch basket reactor. J Biotechnol 2015; 210:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.06.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2015] [Revised: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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49
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Ferreira SS, Passos CP, Madureira P, Vilanova M, Coimbra MA. Structure-function relationships of immunostimulatory polysaccharides: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 132:378-96. [PMID: 26256362 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 638] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Immunostimulatory polysaccharides are compounds capable of interacting with the immune system and enhance specific mechanisms of the host response. Glucans, mannans, pectic polysaccharides, arabinogalactans, fucoidans, galactans, hyaluronans, fructans, and xylans are polysaccharides with reported immunostimulatory activity. The structural features that have been related with such activity are the monosaccharide and glycosidic-linkage composition, conformation, molecular weight, functional groups, and branching characteristics. However, the establishment of structure-function relationships is possible only if purified and characterized polysaccharides are used and selective structural modifications performed. Aiming at contributing to the definition of the structure-function relationships necessary to design immunostimulatory polysaccharides with potential for preventive or therapeutical purposes or to be recognized as health-improving ingredients in functional foods, this review introduces basic immunological concepts required to understand the mechanisms that rule the potential claimed immunostimulatory activity of polysaccharides and critically presents a literature survey on the structural features of the polysaccharides and reported immunostimulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sónia S Ferreira
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cláudia P Passos
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Madureira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Vilanova
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Mudannayake DC, Wimalasiri KMS, Silva KFST, Ajlouni S. Comparison of properties of new sources of partially purified inulin to those of commercially pure chicory inulin. J Food Sci 2015; 80:C950-60. [PMID: 25847760 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Newly developed inulin powders were prepared from roots of Asparagus falcatus (AF) and Taraxacum javanicum (TJ) plants grown in Sri Lanka. Inulin content, analyzed by enzymatic spectrophotometric as well as high-performance liquid chromatographic methods, showed that AF and TJ inulin powders contain 65.5% and 45.4% (dry wt) inulin, respectively, compared with 72% dry wt in the commercially available chicory inulin. Treating the AF and TJ inulin powders using ion exchange techniques significantly (P < 0.05) reduced their contents of micro (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe) and macro (Na, K, Ca, Mg) elements. Enzymatic hydrolysis of inulin into fructose and glucose by fructanase, and FT-IR analyses proved that the developed AF and TJ inulins have characteristic molecular composition similar to commercial inulin. TJ inulin contained significantly (P < 0.05) greater amounts of total phenolics (4.37 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids (2.79 mg QE/g), and antioxidant capacity (833.11 mM TE/g) than AF inulin, which contained 1.33 mg GAE/g of total phenolics, 0.43 mg QE/g of total flavonoids, and 406.26 mM TE/g antioxidant capacity. The current study suggests that the newly developed inulin from AF and TJ roots could be used as an alternative commercial source of inulin for the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deshani C Mudannayake
- Biosciences Section, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The Univ. of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Kuruppu M S Wimalasiri
- Dept. of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Kahandage F S T Silva
- Dept. of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Univ. of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | - Said Ajlouni
- Biosciences Section, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The Univ. of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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