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Guo L, Mao J, Zhang Q, Fan W, Wang D, Li Z, Huang J, Xie J. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of nicotine in rat brain: a simultaneous investigation of nicotine metabolites and the release of neurotransmitters in vivo. Front Chem 2023; 11:1275478. [PMID: 37937208 PMCID: PMC10626537 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1275478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The body's ability to metabolize nicotine and the disposition of nicotine in the brain are important determinants of its exposure. Limited knowledge about the near real-time changes of neurochemicals during the brain nicotine metabolic process hinders the recognition of its multiple neuropharmacological effects. Methods: An online microdialysis coupled with UHPLC-HRMS/MS method for the in vivo multi-analysis of nicotine metabolites and several neurotransmitters in rat brain was developed. Whether the systemic modulation of metabolic enzyme CYP2B would modulate nicotine pharmacokinetics and local neurochemical effects was further investigated. Results: The dynamic profiles of over 10 nicotine metabolites and neurotransmitters were simultaneously obtained after a single injection of nicotine (2 mg·kg-1, i.p.) using the new method. Proadifen pretreatment (50 mg·kg-1·d-1, i.p., 4 days) caused significant inhibition of brain CYP2B1 activity. When exposed to nicotine, the brain C max of nicotine was 1.26 times higher and the levels of nicotine metabolites, nornicotine, and nicotine-N-oxide, were decreased by 85.3% and 34.4% in proadifen-pretreated rats. The higher level of brain nicotine induced a greater release of dopamine, serotonin, glutamate, and γ-amino-butyric acid in the nucleus accumbens. The concentrations of nicotine and dopamine were positively correlated, and the average levels of γ-amino-butyric acid and serotonin were 2.7 and 1.2 times higher, respectively, under the inhibition of nicotine metabolism. Discussion: These results demonstrated that inhibiting nicotine metabolism in rats can enhance the residence of brain nicotine and its local neurotransmitter effects. The metabolic activity of nicotine under different physiological conditions could regulate nicotine's bioavailability and its resulting pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Wu Fan
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
| | | | - Zhonghao Li
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaqiang Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Department of Nutrition and Health, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, China
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Mwankuna CJ, Kiros F, Mariki EE, Mabiki FP, Malebo HM, Mdegela RH, Styrishave B. Optimization of HPLC-MS/MS method for determination of antimalarial adulterants in herbal products. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:407-416. [PMID: 36633808 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00255-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of herbal products is booming all over the world because of being believed as safer than conventional drugs and free of side effects. However, there are untrustworthy manufacturers who adulterate herbal products by adding conventional drugs which might eventually lead to microbial resistance and herb-to-drug interactions. There is a need to develop methods for detecting adulterants in herbal products. A high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous identification and determination of conventional antimalarials (chloroquine, quinine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine, mefloquine, lumefantrine, amodiaquine, artemisinin, dihydroartemisinin, artesunate and artemether) in herbal products was developed. Stable isotopically labelled compounds (artemether-d3, quindine-d3, and sulfadoxine-d3) were used as internal standards (ISs) for quantitative analysis. Extraction of analytes was performed using methanol: water: formic acid (90:10:0.1, v/v) and chromatographic separation was done in a gradient mode using mobile phase A: Ultrapure water containing 0.1% formic acid and 1 mM ammonium formate and mobile phase B: Acetonitrile/methanol (50:50) containing 0.1% formic acid and 1 mM ammonium formate. The calibration curves were linear (r2 ≥ 0.991) over the range of 0.001-0.3 µg mL-1 for all compounds. The limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.002 to 0.02 μg mL-1 while the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.006 to 0.08 μg mL-1. Accuracy, expressed as recovery of spiked herbal products ranged from 52 to 128%. The precision, expressed as percent relative standard deviation (%RSD) at two concentration levels, ranged from 1.0 to 13.8%. The matrix effect expressed as the matrix factor (MF) ranged from 0.77 to 0.97. The developed method was used to identify and quantify conventional antimalarials in herbal product samples from Tanzania. Ten out of 50 herbal products were found to contain amodiaquine, sulfadoxine, pyrimethamine, mefloquine, dihydroartemisinin, artemether and lumefantrine. The developed method is considered a valuable tool for getting a better understanding of the adulteration of conventional antimalarials in herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Mwankuna
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | - Feven Kiros
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eliapenda E Mariki
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Faith P Mabiki
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Hamisi M Malebo
- UNESCO National Commission of the United Republic of Tanzania, 7 Magogoni Street, P.O. Box 20384, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Robinson H Mdegela
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P.O. Box 3015, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Du H, Xu T, Yi H, Xu X, Zhao C, Ge Y, Zhang C, Fan G. Effect of Gut Microbiota on the Metabolism of Chemical Constituents of Berberis kansuensis Extract Based on UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS Technique. PLANTA MEDICA 2022; 88:933-949. [PMID: 34521131 DOI: 10.1055/a-1617-9489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The dried stem bark of Berberis kansuensis is a commonly used Tibetan herbal medicine for the treatment of diabetes. Its main chemical components are alkaloids, such as berberine, magnoflorine and jatrorrhizine. However, the role of gut microbiota in the in vivo metabolism of these chemical components has not been fully elucidated. In this study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography method coupled with Orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Orbitrap-MS) technology was applied to detect and identify prototype components and metabolites in rat intestinal contents and serum samples after oral administration of a B. kansuensis extract. A total of 16 prototype components and 40 metabolites were identified. The primary metabolic pathways of the chemical components from B. kansuensis extract were demethylation, desaturation, deglycosylation, reduction, hydroxylation, and other conjugation reactions including sulfation, glucuronidation, glycosidation, and methylation. By comparing the differences of metabolites between diabetic and pseudo-germ-free diabetic rats, we found that the metabolic transformation of some chemical components in B. kansuensis extract such as bufotenin, ferulic acid 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, magnoflorine, and 8-oxyberberine, was affected by the gut microbiota. The results revealed that the gut microbiota can affect the metabolic transformation of chemical constituents in B. kansuensis extract. These findings can enhance our understanding of the active ingredients of B. kansuensis extract and the key role of the gut microbiota on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Du
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Tong Xu
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yi
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Xinmei Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Chengcheng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Yiman Ge
- Department of Inspection, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Chuantao Zhang
- Department of Respiration, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
| | - Gang Fan
- School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, P. R. China
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Xian R, Wang C, Gong L, Hang B, Wang W, Zhang X, Du H, Wang F, Shi F. A Species-Specific Strategy for the Identification of Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon halys pallas Based on LC-MS/MS-MRM. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:831293. [PMID: 35712351 PMCID: PMC9196937 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.831293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon halys pallas is a complex mixture composed of snake venom thrombin-like enzymes (svTLEs) and small amounts of thrombokinase-like enzymes. It has been widely used as a hemostatic with rapidly growing marketing due to its advantage of localized clotting fibrinogen other than systemic coagulation. However, svTLEs from different species have various structures, functions, and hemostatic mechanisms. To ensure the efficacy and safety of Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon halys pallas, an exclusive and sensitive method has been developed to identify specific marker peptides based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with multiple reaction monitoring (LC-MS/MS-MRM) mode. By combining transcriptomics and proteomics, a series of species-specific peptides of Agkistrodon halys pallas were predicted and examined by LC-MS/MS. After reduction, alkylation, and tryptic digestion were performed on Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon halys pallas, a target peptide TLCAGVMEGGIDTCNR was analyzed by LC-MS/MS-MRM. It offers a new and effective approach for the quality control of Hemocoagulase Agkistrodon halys pallas products. This method is superior to the current assays in terms of sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy, and throughput. The strategy can also be applied in studying other important protein-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Xian
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
- National Medical Product Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research & Evaluation of Genetic Drugs, Jinan, China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Liping Gong
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Baojian Hang
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Weijian Wang
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
- National Medical Product Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research & Evaluation of Genetic Drugs, Jinan, China
| | - Xunjie Zhang
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
| | - Hongmin Du
- R&D Department, Avanc Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jizhou, China
| | - Fengshan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Institute of Biochemical and Biotechnological Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Biological Products Inspection Division, Shandong Institute for Food and Drug Control, Jinan, China
- National Medical Product Administration (NMPA) Key Laboratory for Research & Evaluation of Genetic Drugs, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Shi,
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Mwankuna CJ, Uwamaliya GA, Mariki EE, Mabiki F, Malebo HM, Mdegela R, Styrishave B. A HPLC-MS/MS method for screening of selected antibiotic adulterants in herbal drugs. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1060-1068. [PMID: 35195137 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01966j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The use of herbal products adulterated with conventional drugs increases the risk of developing microbial resistance and causes herb-to-drug interaction, leading to severe clinical consequences. The complex nature of herbal products has been a challenge for the unambiguous identification of adulterants. The improved analytical selectivity and sensitivity of hyphenated techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) enable the confirmatory screening of adulterants in herbal products. Simultaneous screening of adulterants is necessary and efficient because it has been established that more than one chemical adulterant may be present in one herbal product. An HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous detection and quantification of amoxicillin, ampicillin, metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim in powdered herbal drugs was developed. Deuterated metronidazole-d3, trimethoprim-d3, ciprofloxacin-d8, and sulfamethoxazole-d4 were used as internal standards (ISs). For each analyte, two transitions were monitored using protonated molecules as precursor ions. The extraction of analytes from herbal products was performed using a simple methanol : water : formic acid (90 : 10 : 0.05, v/v) extraction solvent. Chromatographic separation was done in a gradient of 0.01% formic acid in methanol and 0.01% formic acid in MilliQ water. The calibration curves were linear (r2 ≥ 0.996) over the range of 0.005-2.5 μg mL-1 for all compounds except metronidazole, whose range was 0.005-1 μg mL-1. The limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 0.012 to 0.046 μg mL-1, while the limit of quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.066 to 0.153 μg mL-1. The accuracy, expressed as the recovery of spiked herbal products, ranged from 45% to 114%. The precision, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) at two concentration levels, ranged from 1.6% to 15.9%. The matrix effect expressed as the matrix factor (MF) ranged from 0.79 to 0.92. The developed method was applied to powder herbal products purchased in Tanzania. Amoxicillin, ampicillin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin were not detected in all samples. Metronidazole was detected in eight samples with the highest concentration of 1.38 μg g-1. The developed method is suitable for the detection of all the studied antibiotic adulterants in herbal products. Quantification can be performed for all the compounds except ciprofloxacin due to its lower recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Johnson Mwankuna
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Natural and Apllied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | - Grâce Ange Uwamaliya
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Eliapenda Elisante Mariki
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Natural and Apllied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | - Faith Mabiki
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, College of Natural and Apllied Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania.
| | - Hamisi M Malebo
- UNESCO National Commission of the United Republic of Tanzania, Magogoni Street, P. O. Box 20384, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Robinson Mdegela
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Sokoine University of Agriculture, P. O. Box 3015, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Bjarne Styrishave
- Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Advances in Analysis of Contaminants in Foodstuffs on the Basis of Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry: a Review. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02168-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Hu H, Lee-Fong Y, Peng J, Hu B, Li J, Li Y, Huang H. Comparative Research of Chemical Profiling in Different Parts of Fissistigma oldhamii by Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry. Molecules 2021; 26:960. [PMID: 33670350 PMCID: PMC7918369 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The roots of Fissistigma oldhamii (FO) are widely used as medicine with the effect of dispelling wind and dampness, promoting blood circulation and relieving pains, and its fruits are considered delicious. However, Hakka people always utilize its above-ground parts as a famous folk medicine, Xiangteng, with significant differences from literatures. Studies of chemical composition showed there were multiple aristolactams that possessed high nephrotoxicity, pending evaluation research about their distribution in FO. In this study, a sensitive, selective, rapid and reliable method was established to comparatively perform qualitative and semi-quantitative analysis of the constituents in roots, stems, leaves, fruits and insect galls, using an Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Hybrid Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, or Q-Exactive for short). To make more accurate identification and comparison of FO chemicals, all MS data were aligned and screened by XCMS, then their structures were elucidated according to MSn ion fragments between the detected and standards, published ones or these generated by MS fragmenter. A total of 79 compounds were identified, including 33 alkaloids, 29 flavonoids, 11 phenylpropanoids, etc. There were 54 common components in all five parts, while another 25 components were just detected in some parts. Six toxic aristolactams were detected in this experiment, including aristolactam AII, AIIIa, BII, BIII, FI and FII, of which the relative contents in above-ground stems were much higher than roots. Meanwhile, multivariate statistical analysis was performed and showed significant differences both in type and content of the ingredients within all FO parts. The results implied that above-ground FO parts should be carefully valued for oral administration and eating fruits. This study demonstrated that the high-resolution mass spectrometry coupled with multivariate statistical methods was a powerful tool in compound analysis of complicated herbal extracts, and the results provide the basis for its further application, scientific development of quality standard and utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
- Department of Biology, Animal Physiology and Neurobiology Section, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Naamsestraat 59, Box 2465, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yau Lee-Fong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China;
| | - Jinnian Peng
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Bin Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jialin Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Yaoli Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hao Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine—Hakka Medical Resources Branch, School of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (H.H.); (J.P.); (B.H.); (J.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Quality of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Macao University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China;
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Reliable screening and classification of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in dietary supplements using gas chromatography / mass spectrometry combined with specific common ions. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1623:461210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Muschietti L, Redko F, Ulloa J. Adulterants in selected dietary supplements and their detection methods. Drug Test Anal 2020; 12:861-886. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Muschietti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, IQUIMEFA (UBA‐CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Flavia Redko
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, IQUIMEFA (UBA‐CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Jerónimo Ulloa
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, IQUIMEFA (UBA‐CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
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Simultaneous analysis of 31 anti-impotence compounds potentially illegally added to herbal-based dietary supplements by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1144:122077. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Müller LS, Moreira APL, Muratt DT, Viana C, de Carvalho LM. An Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Tandem Mass Spectrometric Method for Screening and Simultaneous Determination of Anorexic, Anxiolytic, Antidepressant, Diuretic, Laxative and Stimulant Drugs in Dietary Supplements Marketed for Weight Loss. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:528-540. [PMID: 31209501 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of dietary supplements is increasing every year all over the world and has been accompanied by an increased frequency of adulteration of these products with synthetic pharmaceuticals. Analytical methods that allow testing for the presence of synthetic drugs in dietary supplements are needed to detect such fraudulent practices. To investigate the adulteration of dietary supplements marketed for weight loss using different commercial appeals, we developed an analytical method using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS) for simultaneous determination of 32 drugs, including anorexics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, diuretics, laxatives and stimulants. Separation was accomplished in 19 minutes using a Zorbax SB-C18 column and a gradient elution program with 0.05% formic acid in water/acetonitrile as a mobile phase. Limits of quantification ranged from 0.14 to 3.92 μg L-1, and accuracy ranged from 80.00 to 119.48%. A simple extraction procedure was used in the pretreatment step by dissolving the samples in 100% methanol followed by a 1000 to 10,000-fold dilution in the mobile phase and filtration through a Teflon membrane (0.2 μm). The method was applied to the screening and quantification of the drugs in 108 formulations marketed as food supplements for slimming, weight loss, thermogenics, and supplements for meal replacement. Caffeine and p-synephrine were found as stimulants in 80 samples, listed or not on the label.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Sabo Müller
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Lançanova Moreira
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Diana Tomazi Muratt
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Carine Viana
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro Machado de Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria-RS, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria-RS, Brazil
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12
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Cao G, Wang N, He D, Wang X, Tian Y, Wan N, Yan W, Ye H, Hao H. Intestinal mucosal metabolites-guided detection of trace-level ginkgo biloba extract metabolome. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1608:460417. [PMID: 31416627 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of metabolome for poorly absorptive natural medicines is challenging. Previous identification strategy often relies on nontargeted scanning biological samples from animals administered with natural medicines in a data-dependent acquisition (DDA) mode by LC-MS/MS. Substances that displayed significant increases following drug administration are thus assigned as potential metabolites. The accurate m/z of precursors and the corresponding MS/MS fragment ions are used to match with herbal ingredients and to infer possible metabolic reactions. Nevertheless, the low concentration of these metabolites within complex biological matrices has often hampered the detection. Herein we developed a strategy termed intestinal mucosal metabolome-guided detection (IMMD) to tackle this challenge using ginkgo biloba (GBE) as an example. The rationale is that poorly absorptive natural products are usually concentrated and extensively metabolized by enterocytes before they enter the blood stream and distribute to other organs. Therefore, we firstly identified the metabolites from intestinal mucosa of GBE-treated rats, and then used the identified intestinal mucosal GBE metabolome as targeted repository for MRM analysis. The presences of these metabolites were subsequently examined in rat plasma, liver and brain. The resultant GBE metabolome showed significantly improved coverage with 39, 45 and 6 metabolites identified in plasma, liver and brain compared to 22, 16 and 0 metabolites from the corresponding regions via the DDA-based strategy. In addition, we integrated the previously reported nontargeted diagnostic ion network analysis to facilitate the characterization of GBE components, and a chemicalome-metabolome matching approach (CMMA) to assist the identity assignment of GBE metabolome with IMMD. Combinatorially, we establish a multi-faceted platform to streamline the workflow of metabolome characterization for herbal medicines of low bioavailability. The metabolome information is expected to shed light on the elucidation of metabolic pathways for natural products, and the underlying mechanisms of their biological efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiu Cao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Nian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Dandan He
- School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Tian
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Ning Wan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenchao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haiping Hao
- School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Tongjiaxiang #24, Nanjing, China.
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13
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Mohd Yusop AY, Xiao L, Fu S. Data on the optimisation and validation of a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to establish the presence of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in instant coffee premixes. Data Brief 2019; 25:104234. [PMID: 31384643 PMCID: PMC6661452 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the data on the optimisation and validation of a liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) to establish the presence of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors and their analogues as adulterants in instant coffee premixes. The method development data covered chromatographic optimisation for better analyte separation and isomeric resolution, mass spectrometry optimisation for high sensitivity and sample preparation optimisation for high extraction recovery (RE) and low matrix effect (ME). The validation data covered specificity, linearity, range, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, precisions, ME, and RE. The optimisation and validation data presented here is related to the article: “Determination of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in instant coffee premixes using liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS)” Mohd Yusop et al., 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Yusri Mohd Yusop
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007 Australia.,Pharmacy Enforcement Division, Ministry of Health, Petaling Jaya, Selangor, 46200 Malaysia
| | - Linda Xiao
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007 Australia
| | - Shanlin Fu
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007 Australia
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14
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Ping W, Tinglan Z, Guohua Y, Mengjie L, Jin S, Jiaqi Z, Ke L, Yan F, Haiyu X, Hongjun Y. Poly-pharmacokinetic strategy-delineated metabolic fate of bioactive compounds in a traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yuanhu Zhitong tablets, using parallel reaction monitoring mode. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 53:53-61. [PMID: 30668412 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of eight constituents in Yuanhu Zhitong tablets, which may provide a method for the poly-pharmacokinetic study of traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS A robust platform using Thermo Scientific™ Dionex™ UltiMate™ 3000 rapid separation LC, integrated with Thermo Scientific™ Q Exactive™ MS, was developed and validated to acquire, in a high-resolution full-scan mode, a global profile of all ionized components in rat plasma after oral administration of a suspension of Yuanhu Zhitong tablets. RESULTS This robust UPLC-HRMS method was successfully applied for pharmacokinetic evaluation after oral administration of Yuanhu Zhitong tablets. The MS response showed a good linear relationship, with a coefficient of determination (r2) of >0.99. The levels of detection were in the range of 0.088-0.414 ng·ml-g for the different constituents. The recoveries ranged from 92.23% to 104.47%, and the matrix effect ranged from 85.24% to 101.02%. The intra- and inter-day accuracy was in the range of 0.00-12.54%, while the intra- and inter-day precision ranged from 0.44% to 7.63%. Short-term stability, long-term stability, freeze-thaw stability, and post-preparative stability ranged from -recision rangedThe time to reach peak plasma concentration (tmax) values for the analytes was less than 10 h, except that for tetrahydropalmatine, which was quickly absorbed into the bloodstream. The large area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) values (≥105 ng·h·l-g) for the eight compounds indicated good absorption and utility in rat plasma. The mean residence time was more than 6 h, indicating slow elimination. CONCLUSION UPLC-HRMS was shown to be a very promising and powerful tool for the kinetic screening and characterization of compounds in medicinal herbs and traditional Chinese medicine formulas. Pharmacokinetic profiling of multiple compounds enables the clarification of metabolic processes and fates of the selected medicinal herbs or traditional Chinese medicine formula. This allows us to better understand the actions and associated therapeutic mechanisms of the traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Ping
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China; Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhang Tinglan
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Yu Guohua
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Li Mengjie
- RCSDS, NCMIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Su Jin
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Zhang Jiaqi
- Sino-America Chinmedomics Technology Collaboration Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Li Ke
- Key Laboratory of UWB & THz of Shandong Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Fu Yan
- RCSDS, NCMIS, Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xu Haiyu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| | - Yang Hongjun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
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15
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Xu Y, Zhang Q, Li P, Hong G, Wang D, Liu J, Zhou H, Chai G, Lu B, He S, Zhang W, Sun S, Zhang J, Mao J. Nicotine Pharmacokinetics in Rat Brain and Blood by Simultaneous Microdialysis, Stable-Isotope Labeling, and UHPLC–HRMS: Determination of Nicotine Metabolites. Anal Chem 2019; 91:2916-2922. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Qidong Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Peng Li
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Guangfeng Hong
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Dingzhong Wang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Junhui Liu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Guobi Chai
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Binbin Lu
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shengbao He
- China National Tobacco Quality Supervision and Test Center, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shihao Sun
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jianxun Zhang
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Mao
- Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Company, Zhengzhou 450001, China
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16
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Fibigr J, Šatínský D, Solich P. Current trends in the analysis and quality control of food supplements based on plant extracts. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1036:1-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Öztürk Er E, Özbek B, Bakırdere S. Accurate and sensitive determination of sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil, and avanafil in illicit erectile dysfunction medications and human urine by LC with quadrupole-TOF-MS/MS and their behaviors in simulated gastric conditions. J Sep Sci 2018; 42:475-483. [PMID: 30358113 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201800734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The widespread use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors has attracted broad attention of counterfeiters to develop illicit erectile products with inaccurate amounts, unknown toxicity, and purity of active ingredients. Correspondingly, intake of these products endangers consumer health and needs to be screened for precautionary actions to reduce this risk. Therefore, in this study, a sensitive and rapid analytical method has been developed for simultaneous determination of selected phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors present in illicit erectile medications and human urine. Quantification of the analytes was performed by liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry system. The chromatographic separation was successfully achieved with a run period of 8 min. Low detection limits were obtained in the range of 1.63-9.81 ng/g with relative standard deviations below 7.72% obtained using the replicate measurements of lowest concentration in calibration plots. The analytical performance of the proposed method proved good linearity, low detection limits, good accuracy and precision with high percent recoveries for human urine samples. Developed method was successfully applied to real samples including four different brands of illicit erectile medications. The results obtained revealed the presence of high levels of sildenafil in analyzed samples. The behaviors of selected phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors were also studied in simulated gastric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Öztürk Er
- Chemical Engineering Department, Yıldız Technical University, Turkey
| | - Belma Özbek
- Chemical Engineering Department, Yıldız Technical University, Turkey
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18
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Lee JH, Park HN, Jung A, Mandava S, Park S, Lee J, Kang H. Isolation and characterisation of a novel sildenafil analogue adulterant, desmethylpiperazinyl propoxysildenafil, in a dietary supplement. Sci Justice 2018; 58:447-454. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Ekar T, Kreft S. Common risks of adulterated and mislabeled herbal preparations. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 123:288-297. [PMID: 30339960 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the growing trend of returning to nature and the fear of adverse reactions from conventional medicines, people are increasingly resorting to the use of herbal preparations. Because of long-term use and natural origin these preparations give a sense of security. But herbal formulations also possess undesirable effects and, among other dangers, present a risk connected with deliberate addition of synthetic compounds, deliberate or unintentional replacement of the plant species or simply a risk of mislabeling. While the replacement of the plant species occurs in a very different groups of herbal products, reports of added illicit synthetic substances often include groups of herbal weight-loss preparations, sexual enhancers, preparations for treatment of rheumatic and inflammatory diseases, antidiabetic and blood pressure lowering preparations. In the world of Internet ordering, these are the dangers that everyone should be aware of. In this article, we reviewed the safety issues related to adulterated or mislabeled herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjaša Ekar
- Public Institution Gorenjske Lekarne, Kranj, Slovenia
| | - Samo Kreft
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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20
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Lin YP, Lee YL, Hung CY, Chang CF, Chen Y. Detection of adulterated drugs in traditional Chinese medicine and dietary supplements using hydrogen as a carrier gas. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205371. [PMID: 30304050 PMCID: PMC6179279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Helium, a minor component of natural gas and radioactive minerals, is most commonly used as a carrier in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Its scarcity leads to limited availability and higher costs. In this experiment, hydrogen from a safe source of a hydrogen generator was tested as a substitutive carrier gas for the detection of adulterant in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and food supplements by GC-MS analysis. We found that the limits of detection (LODs) of using hydrogen were from 10 to 1000 μg/g. The levels of LODs tested among 170 drugs remain the same whether hydrogen or helium was used as a carrier gas with the exception of 7 drugs—benzbromarone, estradiol benzoate, bezafibrate, mefenamic acid, oxymetholone, piperidenafil and cetilistat. The real sample analysis results using hydrogen were as satisfactory as those using helium. In addition, the retention time was shortened after the chromatographic performance was optimized. In summary, it is worth considering hydrogen as a carrier gas due to its affordable costs, energy efficiency, carbon reduction and chromatographic advantages to detect adulterated drugs in TCM and dietary supplement using GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Ping Lin
- Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
- * E-mail: (YPL); (YLL); (CFC)
| | - Ying-Lin Lee
- Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
- * E-mail: (YPL); (YLL); (CFC)
| | - Chien-Ya Hung
- Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chuan-Fa Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (YPL); (YLL); (CFC)
| | - Yi Chen
- Public Health Bureau, Tainan City Government, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C
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21
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Kaufmann A. Analytical performance of the various acquisition modes in Orbitrap MS and MS/MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2018; 53:725-738. [PMID: 29708288 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Quadrupole Orbitrap instruments (Q Orbitrap) permit high-resolution mass spectrometry-based full scan acquisitions and have a number of acquisition modes where the quadrupole isolates a particular mass range prior to a possible fragmentation and high-resolution mass spectrometry-based acquisition. Selecting the proper acquisition mode(s) is essential if trace analytes are to be quantified in complex matrix extracts. Depending on the particular requirements, such as sensitivity, selectivity of detection, linear dynamic range, and speed of analysis, different acquisition modes may have to be chosen. This is particularly important in the field of multi-residue analysis (eg, pesticides or veterinary drugs in food samples) where a large number of analytes within a complex matrix have to be detected and reliably quantified. Meeting the specific detection and quantification performance criteria for every targeted compound may be challenging. It is the aim of this paper to describe the strengths and the limitations of the currently available Q Orbitrap acquisition modes. In addition, the incorporation of targeted acquisitions between full scan experiments is discussed. This approach is intended to integrate compounds that require an additional degree of sensitivity or selectivity into multi-residue methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Kaufmann
- TAM, Official Food Contol Authority of the Canton of Zurich, Fehrenstrasse, Zürich, Switzerland, 8030
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22
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Wang XB, Zheng J, Li JJ, Yu HY, Li QY, Xu LH, Liu MJ, Xian RQ, Sun YE, Liu BJ. Simultaneous analysis of 23 illegal adulterated aphrodisiac chemical ingredients in health foods and Chinese traditional patent medicines by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Food Drug Anal 2018; 26:1138-1153. [PMID: 29976406 PMCID: PMC9303026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an application of ultra high-performance liquid-chromatography-quadrupole-TOF high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF HRMS) for simultaneous analysis of 23 illegal adulterated aphrodisiac type chemical ingredients in health foods and Chinese Traditional Patent Medicines (CTPMs). The mass spectrometer was operated in Information Dependent Acquisition (IDA) mode, which provides crucial information for the elemental composition analysis, structure elucidation and quantitative analysis simultaneously. Quantitative analysis was performed using the peak areas of the precursor ions in the XICs. The method validation included assessment of selectivity, sensitivity, calibration curve, accuracy, precision, recovery, matrix effect and stability. The results show good linear relationship with the concentrations of the analytes over wide concentration ranges (e.g., 0.05–10 μg/g for sildenafil) as all the fitting coefficients of determination r2 are >0.9984. The detection limits (LODs) were in the range of 0.002–0.1 μg/g. The recoveries were able to reach 82.5–103.6%, while the matrix effects ranged from 87.7 to 109.3%. The intra- and inter-day accuracies were in the range of 82.3–113.8%, while the intra- and inter-day precision ranged from 0.4 to 13.6%. Among 40 batches of health foods and 32 batches of CTPMs (including 28 capsules, 32 tablets, 10 liquid and 2 pills) samples, 28 batches of heath foods were positive. The detected chemical ingredients involved sildenafil, tadalafil, aildenafil and sulfoaildenafil. This method can be used for the screening, identification and quantification of illegal adulterated aphrodisiac chemical ingredients in health foods and CTPMs. Moreover, the LC-Q-TOF MS is very useful to structural elucidation of unknown compound.
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23
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Müller LS, Muratt DT, Molin TRD, Urquhart CG, Viana C, de Carvalho LM. Analysis of Pharmacologic Adulteration in Dietary Supplements by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis Using Simultaneous Contactless Conductivity and UV Detection. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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24
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Yu S, Liu Z, Wang W, Jin L, Xu W, Wu Y. Disperse magnetic solid phase microextraction and surface enhanced Raman scattering (Dis-MSPME-SERS) for the rapid detection of trace illegally chemicals. Talanta 2018; 178:498-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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25
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Kee CL, Ge X, Gilard V, Malet-Martino M, Low MY. A review of synthetic phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5i) found as adulterants in dietary supplements. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:250-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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26
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Simultaneous Screening and Determination of Eight Tetracycline Antibiotics Illegally Adulterated in Herbal Preparations Using HPLC–DAD Combined with LC–MS–MS. Chromatographia 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-017-3450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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27
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Sun Z, Li Z, Zuo L, Wang Z, Zhou L, Shi Y, Kang J, Zhu Z, Zhang X. Qualitative and quantitative determination of YiXinShu Tablet using ultra high performance liquid chromatography with Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole orbitrap high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:4453-4466. [PMID: 28837751 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhuolun Li
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Lihua Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhenhui Wang
- College of Medicine; Henan Polytechnic University; Jiaozuo P. R. China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Yingying Shi
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; Zhengzhou P. R. China
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28
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Development and validation of an ultra performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry for the determination of fipronil and its metabolites in tea and chrysanthemum. Food Chem 2017; 246:328-334. [PMID: 29291857 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A fast, sensitive and reliable method for the determination of fipronil and its metabolites in tea and chrysanthemum was developed using a modified QuEChERS technique and an ultra performance liquid chromatography Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry. The mixture of adsorbents containing primary secondary amine (PSA), octadecylsilane (C18) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), was used as QuEChERS adsorbents. The use of mass resolution at 70000 full width at half maximum (FWHM) and narrow mass windows at 5 ppm achieved high selectivity and repeatability. Satisfactory linearity with correlative coefficient (R2) higher than 0.996 was achieved for all compounds. Recoveries at three levels (2, 10 and 50 μg kg-1) ranged from 86% to 112%, while the intra- and inter-day accuracies were less than 15%. Limits of quantification for fipronil and its metabolites were 2 μg kg-1, which fulfils the requirement of maximum residue limits formulated by European Union and Japan.
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29
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Cheng Q, Shou L, Chen C, Shi S, Zhou M. Application of ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry for identification, confirmation and quantitation of illegal adulterated weight-loss drugs in plant dietary supplements. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2017; 1064:92-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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30
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Zuo L, Sun Z, Hu Y, Sun Y, Xue W, Zhou L, Zhang J, Bao X, Zhu Z, Suo G, Zhang X. Rapid determination of 30 bioactive constituents in XueBiJing injection using ultra high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap mass spectrometry coupled with principal component analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 137:220-228. [PMID: 28147306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Xuebijing injection (XBJ) is a traditional Chinese herbal prescription widely used in the treatment of sepsis. Extensive chemical studies revealed that XBJ injection contains amino acids, phenolic acids, flavonoid glycosides, terpeneglycosides and phthalides. In this study, the applicability of ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution hybrid quadruple-orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS) for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of 30 bioactive constituents in XueBiJing injection (XBJ) was investigated. The mass spectrometer was operated in full MS scan mode. The use of 70,000FWHM mass resolution and narrow mass windows (5ppm) could effectively improve the selectivity of the method. Separation was achieved on a Waters ACQUITY UPLC® HSS C18 column (2.1mm×100mm, 1.8μm) with a gradient mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water (containing 10mM ammonium acetate) at a flow rate of 0.2mL/min. Satisfactory linearity was achieved within wide linear range and all correlation coefficients (r) of analytes were more than 0.9996. The limits of detection (LODs) were in the range of 0.1180-27.82ng/mL for different analytes. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of inter- and intra-day precisions were less than 3.0% and the recoveries of the assay were in the range of 98.5%-101.5%. The validated method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of 30 bioactive compounds in XueBiJing injection from 10 batches samples by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap MS within 10min. Moreover, the results were evaluated principal component analysis and two compounds might be the most important chemical markers for chemical quality control of XBJ injection. The novel Q-Orbitrap mass spectrometry has been proved to be a very promising and powerful tool for routine screening of bioactive compounds in traditional Chinese medicine injection, ensuring drug safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China.
| | - Yurong Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University,100 Science Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450001, PR China
| | - Ya Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Xiaoyue Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China
| | - Guanglu Suo
- Department of Ultrasound, The Children's Hospital of Zhengzhou, No.255 Gangdu street, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450053, PR China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, 450052, PR China.
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Park HN, Lee JH, Park SK, Lee J, Baek SY. Identification of a new tadalafil analogue in commercial dietary supplements: isopropylnortadalafil. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 34:162-169. [PMID: 28004593 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1263878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A new tadalafil analogue was found in a commercial dietary supplement for enhancing sexual performance. The compound was detected by a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). The analogue was isolated using semi-preparative HPLC, and its accurate mass was established by two LC-high-resolution-mass spectrometers (LC-HRMS). The structure was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The accurate mass of the compound corresponded to a molecular formula of C24H23N3O4. The compound was identified as a structural analogue of tadalafil in which the N-methyl group of tadalafil was replaced with an N-isopropyl group. We have named the new analogue isopropylnortadalafil and it is first reported herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Park
- a Advanced Analysis Team, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department , National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety , Cheongju-si , Chungcheongbuk-do , South Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- a Advanced Analysis Team, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department , National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety , Cheongju-si , Chungcheongbuk-do , South Korea
| | - Sung-Kwan Park
- a Advanced Analysis Team, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department , National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety , Cheongju-si , Chungcheongbuk-do , South Korea
| | - Jongkook Lee
- b College of Pharmacy , Kangwon National University , Chuncheon , Gangwon-do , South Korea
| | - Sun Young Baek
- a Advanced Analysis Team, Toxicological Evaluation and Research Department , National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety , Cheongju-si , Chungcheongbuk-do , South Korea
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32
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Heo S, Yoo GJ, Choi JY, Park HJ, Park SK, Baek SY. A rapid method for the simultaneous determination of 25 anti-hypertensive compounds in dietary supplements using ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1627-1636. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1235799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Heo
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Geum Joo Yoo
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Choi
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Hyoung Joon Park
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Sung-Kwan Park
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
| | - Sun Young Baek
- Advanced Analysis Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju-si, Korea
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33
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Li F, Jiang D, Zhou J, Chen J, Li W, Zheng F. Mycotoxins in wheat flour and intake assessment in Shandong province of China. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 9:170-5. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1154109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Rapid determination of sildenafil and its analogues in dietary supplements using gas chromatography–triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 121:188-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Ge X, Kee CL, Zeng Y, Low MY. Identification of Sildenafil Designer Analogues Found in Dietary Supplements. APPLICATIONS OF TIME-OF-FLIGHT AND ORBITRAP MASS SPECTROMETRY IN ENVIRONMENTAL, FOOD, DOPING, AND FORENSIC ANALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.coac.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Lee S, Ji D, Park M, Chung KH. Development of a comprehensive spectral library of sildenafil and related active analogues using LC-QTOF-MS and its application for screening counterfeit pharmaceuticals. Forensic Sci Int 2015; 257:182-188. [PMID: 26363440 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The abuse or misuse of forged erectile-dysfunction drugs, containing phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (e.g. sildenafil), is a serious issue globally. Therefore, the detection of sildenafil and related active analogues in counterfeit pharmaceuticals or the differentiation between counterfeit and authentic drugs has been performed with a variety of analytical techniques. Recently, a liquid chromatography-hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS)-based in-house library, consisting of accurate mass ion fragmentation information and retention times, was effectively applied to screen a large number of compounds in field of forensic toxicology. However, a comprehensive LC-QTOF-MS spectral library of sildenafil and related active analogues has not yet been reported. In the present study, a spectral library of 40 compounds of sildenafil and related analogues was developed with accurate mass spectra and retention times using LC-QTOF-MS, and applied to screen nine marketed counterfeit products. The in-house library successfully identified sildenafil, dimethylsildenafil, hydroxyhomosildenafil, demethylhongdenafil, pseudovardenafil and vardenafil in the samples. Our LC-QTOF-MS-based spectral library search is considered a powerful approach for identifying sildenafil and related active analogues in counterfeit pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dajeong Ji
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeoldaero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 704-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Meejung Park
- National Forensic Service, 10, Ipchun-ro, Wonju 220-170, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyuck Chung
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Schmidt EM, Franco MF, Cuelbas CJ, Zacca JJ, de Carvalho Rocha WF, Borges R, de Souza W, Eberlin MN, Correa DN. Characterization of anti-theft devices directly from the surface of banknotes via easy ambient sonic spray ionization mass spectrometry. Sci Justice 2015; 55:285-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Guo B, Wang M, Liu Y, Zhou J, Dai H, Huang Z, Shen L, Zhang Q, Chen B. Wide-Scope Screening of Illegal Adulterants in Dietary and Herbal Supplements via Rapid Polarity-Switching and Multistage Accurate Mass Confirmation Using an LC-IT/TOF Hybrid Instrument. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:6954-6967. [PMID: 26189662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b02222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new analytical strategy was developed that integrates a generic sample preparation into a liquid chromatography-multistage ion trap/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-IT(MS(n))/TOF), allowing for large-scale screening and qualitative confirmation of wide-scope illegal adulterants in different food matrices. Samples were pretreated by a fast single-tube multifunction extraction for accurate multistage mass measurement on the hybrid LC-IT/TOF system. A qualitative validation performed for over 500 analyte-matrix pairs showed the method can reduce most of the matrix effects and achieve a lower limit of confirmation at 0.1 mg/kg for 73% of the target compounds. A unique combination of dual-polarity detection, retention time, isotopic profile, and accurate MS(n) spectra enables more comprehensive and precise confirmation, based on the multiparameter matching by automated library searching against the user-created database. Finally, the applicability of this LC-IT(MS(n))/TOF-based screening procedure for discriminating coeluting isobars, identifying nontarget adulterants, and even tentatively elucidating unexpected species in real samples is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meiling Wang
- §Hunan Academy of Inspection and Quarantine and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of China, Changsha 410004, China
| | | | | | - Hua Dai
- §Hunan Academy of Inspection and Quarantine and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zhiqiang Huang
- §Hunan Academy of Inspection and Quarantine and Food Safety Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Hunan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau of China, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Lingling Shen
- #Guangzhou Branch, Shimadzu (China) Co., Limited,7FL,T. P. Plaza, 9/109 Liuhua Road, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Qingsheng Zhang
- ΔNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 100050, China
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39
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Kee CL, Ge X, Low MY. Application of Orbitrap-mass spectrometry to differentiate isomeric sildenafil- and thiosildenafil-like analogues used for the adulteration of dietary supplements. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1737-48. [PMID: 26179419 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1062923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Two groups of isomeric phosphodiestrase-type 5 inhibitors (PDE-5), consisting of four sildenafil- and three thiosildenafil-like analogues, have been successfully differentiated using high-resolution MS/MS. The optimised MS/MS data obtained from each compound were used to build a database with the aid of mass processing software. Isomeric compounds with very close chromatographic separation like dimethylsildenafil and homosildenafil could be distinguished by their unique fingerprint fragment ions in the MS/MS database. All fragment ions were within the mass tolerance of 5 ppm. One case study using an adulterated dietary supplement is included to provide more insights into this application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Leong Kee
- a Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group , Health Sciences Authority , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Xiaowei Ge
- a Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group , Health Sciences Authority , Singapore , Singapore
| | - Min-Yong Low
- a Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Applied Sciences Group , Health Sciences Authority , Singapore , Singapore
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40
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Senyuva HZ, Gökmen V, Sarikaya EA. Future perspectives in Orbitrap™-high-resolution mass spectrometry in food analysis: a review. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1568-606. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1057240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Del Mar Gómez-Ramos M, Rajski Ł, Heinzen H, Fernández-Alba AR. Liquid chromatography Orbitrap mass spectrometry with simultaneous full scan and tandem MS/MS for highly selective pesticide residue analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:6317-26. [PMID: 25943259 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8709-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the application of LC/Q-Orbitrap MS for the analysis of pesticide residues in fruit and vegetable commodities. LC/Q-Orbitrap MS working in full scan simultaneously with a single MS/MS scan was used to analyse 139 pesticide residues in QuEChERS extracts of tomato, pepper, orange and green tea. Full scan data were obtained at a resolution of 70,000 whereas MS/MS data were obtained at a resolution of 17,500. Quantitation and detection was carried out using full scan data while MS/MS data were used only for identification. MS/MS scans did not have a negative influence on quantitation under the applied conditions. Some peak area reproducibility problems were the consequence of the low sensitivity for some compounds (aldicarb, chlorpyriphos methyl, fenitrothion and fipronil) under the applied conditions. The relation between the operational parameters (viz. automatic gain control (AGC) target, maximum injection time (IT), underfill ratio, isolation window and apex trigger) and the number of automatically identified compounds was investigated. Mass error and minimal intensity of selected fragment ions were also studied. Various working modes were compared, such as full scan with single MS/MS scan and full scan with multiple MS/MS scans. In both cases, the number of automatically reported pesticides was the same. However full scan with single MS/MS scan ensured more points per peak in full scan mode and better peak area reproducibility. The evaluation of the identification and quantitation capabilities of the instrument was performed through the analysis of 100 real samples. The samples were also analysed by LC-QqQ MS/MS and the results of both analytical systems were compared. The comparison revealed that the two instruments were consistent with each other. They found the same pesticides and neither false positive nor false negatives were reported. Nevertheless the Q-Orbitrap MS allowed one to work in high resolution mass spectrometry, increasing the selectivity and, in full scan mode, permitting the retrospective analysis of the data feature that cannot be achieved with QqQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Gómez-Ramos
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Pesticide Residues in Fruit & Vegetables, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3) Department of Hydrogeology and Analytical Chemistry, University of Almeria, Ctra. Sacramento S/N°, La Cañada de San Urbano, 04120, Almería, Spain
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42
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Strano-Rossi S, Odoardi S, Castrignanò E, Serpelloni G, Chiarotti M. Liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry (LC–HRMS) determination of stimulants, anorectic drugs and phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5I) in food supplements. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 106:144-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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43
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Xing R, Zhou L, Xie L, Hao K, Rao T, Wang Q, Ye W, Fu H, Wang X, Wang G, Liang Y. Development of a systematic approach to rapid classification and identification of notoginsenosides and metabolites in rat feces based on liquid chromatography coupled triple time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 867:56-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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44
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Qu L, Wang W, Zeng D, Lu Y, Yin Z. Quantitative performance of online SPE-LC coupled to Q-Exactive for the analysis of sofosbuvir in human plasma. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20233g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A quantitative strategy towards the detection of sofosbuvir in human plasma was developed with online-SPE-LC-HRMS using t-MS2, t-SIM and F-SIM modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Qu
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Debin Zeng
- College of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Lu
- College of Pharmacy
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Zheng Yin
- Center of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS)
- Department of Chemistry
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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45
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Bignardi C, Cavazza A, Corradini C, Salvadeo P. Targeted and untargeted data-dependent experiments for characterization of polycarbonate food-contact plastics by ultra high performance chromatography coupled to quadrupole orbitrap tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1372C:133-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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46
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Aceña J, Pérez S, Gardinali P, Abad JL, Eichhorn P, Heuett N, Barceló D. Structure elucidation of phototransformation products of unapproved analogs of the erectile dysfunction drug sildenafil in artificial freshwater with UPLC-Q Exactive-MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2014; 49:1279-1289. [PMID: 25476946 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, four unapproved analogues of Sildenafil (SDF) were photodegraded under synthetic sunlight in artificial freshwater. Homosildenafil (H-SDF), hydroxyhomo-sildenafil (HH-SDF), norneosildenafil (NR-SDF) and thiosildenafil (T-SDF) were selected because they are frequently detected as adulterants in natural herbal products. Using UPLC-Orbitrap (Q Exactive)-MS, six photoproducts common to H-SDF, HH-SDF and T-SDF and nine unique transformation products of different molecular weights were identified based on their high-resolution (+)ESI product ion spectra. Mass spectral analysis of deuterated H-SDF, labeled on the N-ethyl group, allowed to gain mechanistic insight into the fragmentation pathway of the substituted piperazine ring and to support the postulated photoproduct structures. The mass spectral fragmentation confirmed the stepwise destruction of the piperazine ring eventually producing a sulfonic acid derivative (C17 H20 N4 O5 S: 392.1151 Da). In contrast, the photodegradation of NR-SDF, which lacks a piperazine ring in its structure, formed only two prominent photoproducts originating from N,N-dealkylation of the sulfonamide followed by hydrolysis. The current work constitutes the first study on the photodegradation of analogs of erectile dysfunction drugs and the first detection of two transformation products (m/z 449 and 489) in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume Aceña
- Water and Soil Quality Research Group, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
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47
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Moreira APL, Martini M, de Carvalho LM. Capillary electrophoretic methods for the screening and determination of pharmacologic adulterants in herbal-based pharmaceutical formulations. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:3212-30. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 07/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula L. Moreira
- Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences; Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Mariele Martini
- Graduate Programme in Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria RS Brazil
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria RS Brazil
| | - Leandro M. de Carvalho
- Graduate Programme in Pharmaceutical Sciences; Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria RS Brazil
- Graduate Programme in Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria RS Brazil
- Department of Chemistry; Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM); Santa Maria RS Brazil
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