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Krata AA, Domagała J, Głowacki R. Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography based method for simultaneous determination of purines and their derivatives in food spices. Food Chem 2024; 441:138285. [PMID: 38176140 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This work presents method for separation and quantification of adenine, guanine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, uric acid, and creatinine in food spices using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with UV detection. Optimized conditions allowed separation with mobile phases containing acetonitrile and additives ammonium acetate (90:10, v/v, pH 6.1) or formate (90:10, v/v, pH 3.2). In food spices no uric acid was detected, creatinine (16 ± 2 μg g-1) was found only in instant dried yeast. The highest content of purines was determined in dried yeast (xanthine 110 ± 8 μg g-1, hypoxanthine 441 ± 24 μg g-1, adenine 84 ± 16 μg g-1, guanine 163 ± 12 μg g-1), high in curry, herbal pepper, and chicken seasoning, the lowest concentration was in black pepper (hypoxanthine 12 ± 2 μg g-1, adenine 27 ± 3 μg g-1). To best of our knowledge, no such complementary method and obtained data have been reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Anna Krata
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Pomorska 163 St., Lodz, Poland.
| | - Julia Domagała
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Pomorska 163 St., Lodz, Poland.
| | - Rafał Głowacki
- University of Lodz, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Chemistry, Pomorska 163 St., Lodz, Poland.
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2
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Zhang Z, Yin B, Liu F, Zhou W, Wang M, Chang Z, Zhou J, Yue M, Chen J, Feng Z. Effect of the initial pH of the culture medium on the nutrient consumption pattern of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 and the improvement of acid resistance by purine and pyrimidine compounds. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae022. [PMID: 38299790 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
AIMS During fermentation, the accumulation of acidic products can induce media acidification, which restrains the growth of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis Bb12 (Bb12). This study investigated the nutrient consumption patterns of Bb12 under acid stress and effects of specific nutrients on the acid resistance of Bb12. METHODS AND RESULTS Bb12 was cultured in chemically defined medium (CDM) at different initial pH values. Nutrient consumption patterns were analyzed in CDM at pH 5.3, 5.7, and 6.7. The patterns varied with pH: Asp + Asn had the highest consumption rate at pH 5.3 and 5.7, while Ala was predominant at pH 6.7. Regardless of the pH levels (5.3, 5.7, or 6.7), ascorbic acid, adenine, and Fe2+ were vitamins, nucleobases, and metal ions with the highest consumption rates, respectively. Nutrients whose consumption rates exceeded 50% were added individually in CDM at pH 5.3, 5.7, and 6.7. It was demonstrated that only some of them could promote the growth of Bb12. Mixed nutrients that could promote the growth of Bb12 were added to three different CDM. In CDM at pH 5.3, 5.7, and 6.7, it was found that the viable cell count of Bb12 was the highest after adding mixed nutrients, which were 8.87, 9.02, and 9.10 log CFU ml-1, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that the initial pH of the culture medium affects the nutrient consumption patterns of Bb12. Specific nutrients can enhance the growth of Bb12 under acidic conditions and increase its acid resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongcai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Boxing Yin
- Yangzhou Yangda Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Guangling District, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Yangzhou Yangda Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Guangling District, Yangzhou 225004, China
| | - Mengrui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ziqing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Mingzhe Yue
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junxia Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Yangzhou Yangda Kangyuan Dairy Co., Ltd, No. 88, Dingxing Road, Guangling District, Yangzhou 225004, China
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning 571533, China
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3
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Stevens AV, Myers CA, Hall JB, Chibisa GE. The Effects of Harvest Maturity of Eragrostis tef 'Moxie' Hay and Supplemental Energy Source on Forage Utilization in Beef Heifers. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:254. [PMID: 38254423 PMCID: PMC10812512 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The phenological stage of maturity of grasses and supplementation program can impact forage utilization in grazing beef cattle. However, the potential interaction between harvest maturity of Eragrostis tef (teff) hay and energy supplement source was yet to be fully evaluated. Therefore, our objective was to determine the effects of harvest maturity of teff hay and supplemental energy sources on nutrient intake, apparent total-tract nutrient digestion, nitrogen (N) utilization, and ruminal fermentation characteristics in beef heifers. A split-plot design with teff hay harvest maturity as the whole plot and supplemental energy source as the subplot was administered in a three-period (21 d), three × three Latin square design. Six crossbred beef heifers (804 ± 53.6 kg of body weight; BW) were allocated to two harvest maturities (early- (EH]) or late-heading (LH)) and to two supplemental energy sources (no supplement (CON), or rolled corn grain or beet pulp pellet fed at 0.5% of BW). Data were analyzed using SAS. There was no harvest maturity × energy supplement interaction. Although harvest maturity had no impact on total dry matter intake (DMI), crude protein (CP) intake was greater (p < 0.01) for EH than LH heifers. Total intakes of dry (DM) and organic matter (OM) were also greater (p < 0.01) for supplemented than CON heifers, whereas acid detergent fiber (ADF) intake was greater for beet pulp heifers compared to heifers fed the CON diet and supplemental corn grain. Harvest maturity had no impact on ruminal pH. However, mean ruminal pH was lower (p = 0.04), duration pH < 6.2, and molar proportions of butyrate and branched-chain fatty acids were greater (p ≤ 0.049) for heifers fed corn grain compared to CON and beet pulp diets. Heifers fed EH hay had greater (p ≤ 0.02) apparent total-tract DM, OM, CP, NDF, and ADF digestibility than heifers fed LH hay. Although there was no supplemental energy effect on microbial nitrogen (N) flow, it was greater (p < 0.01) for EH than LH heifers. Apparent N retention, which did not differ, was negative across all diets. In summary, delaying the harvest of teff hay from the EH to LH stage of maturity compromised nutrient supply, which was not attenuated by feeding supplemental corn grain and beet pulp at 0.5% of diet DM. Because N retention was negative across harvest maturity, there might be a need to provide both energy and protein supplements to improve growth performance when feeding teff hay to beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison V Stevens
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Cheyanne A Myers
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - John B Hall
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
| | - Gwinyai E Chibisa
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
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4
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Jia Q, Yang Z, Wang Q, Yang H, Tang X, Zhang H, Cao L, Zhang G. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for comprehensive determination of metabolites in the purine pathway of rat plasma and its application in anti-gout effects of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. J Sep Sci 2023; 46:e2300090. [PMID: 37688342 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202300090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
It has been proved that purine metabolites are implicated in various biological syndromes and disorders. Therefore, the realization of panoramic detection of purine metabolites will be of great significance to the pathogenesis of purine metabolic disorders. In the present study, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the comprehensive quantification of purine metabolites in rat plasma. The 17 purine metabolites were separated and quantified in the short running time of 15 min. The proposed method was strictly validated by applying SeraSub solution as a matrix and proved to be linear (R2 ≥ 0.9944), accurate (the recoveries of all analytes ranged from 85.3% to 103.0%, with relative standard deviation values ≤ 9.3%), and precise (the intra- and inter-day precisions were less than 10.8% and 12.4%, respectively). The method was then successfully applied to the qualification of the endogenous purine metabolites in acute gouty arthritis rats, as well as colchicine and anthocyanin-intervened rats. Results showed that uric acid, xanthine, hypoxanthine, and xanthine were considered the key factors of acute gouty arthritis. The established method and measurement of purines in rat plasma might help the investigation of the action mechanisms between purine disorders and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Jia
- Analysis and Test Center, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Zufan Yang
- Analysis and Test Center, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Analysis and Test Center, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Haishan Yang
- Analysis and Test Center, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Cao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Affiliated Jiujiang Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Gong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an University Affiliated Hospital, Yan'An, China
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5
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Wang P, Cheng T, Pan J. Nucleoside Analogs: A Review of Its Source and Separation Processes. Molecules 2023; 28:7043. [PMID: 37894522 PMCID: PMC10608831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleoside analogs play a crucial role in the production of high-value antitumor and antimicrobial drugs. Currently, nucleoside analogs are mainly obtained through nucleic acid degradation, chemical synthesis, and biotransformation. However, these methods face several challenges, such as low concentration of the main product, the presence of complex matrices, and the generation of numerous by-products that significantly limit the development of new drugs and their pharmacological studies. Therefore, this work aims to summarize the universal separation methods of nucleoside analogs, including crystallization, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), column chromatography, solvent extraction, and adsorption. The review also explores the application of molecular imprinting techniques (MITs) in enhancing the identification of the separation process. It compares existing studies reported on adsorbents of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for the separation of nucleoside analogs. The development of new methods for selective separation and purification of nucleosides is vital to improving the efficiency and quality of nucleoside production. It enables us to obtain nucleoside products that are essential for the development of antitumor and antiviral drugs. Additionally, these methods possess immense potential in the prevention and control of serious diseases, offering significant economic, social, and scientific benefits to the fields of environment, biomedical research, and clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianming Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; (P.W.); (T.C.)
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6
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Huang H, Wu Y, Qian M, Yang X, Qi H. Iridium(III) solvent complex-based electrogenerated chemiluminescence and photoluminescence sensor array for the discrimination of bases in oligonucleotides. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 150:108368. [PMID: 36634465 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Development of rapid and sensitive method for the discrimination of bases in oligonucleotides is of great importance in clinical diagnosis. Here, we demonstrate the first case of single iridium(III) solvent complex-based electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) and photoluminescence (PL) sensor array for the discrimination of bases in oligonucleotides. One iridium (III) solvent complex ([Ir(ppy)2(DMSO)Cl], ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, probe 1) was designed as both ECL and PL probe while five bases (guanine, adenine, cytosine, thymine and uracil) were chosen as analytes. Two-element sensor array was built for the discrimination of five bases based on the fingerprint response of probe 1 to bases via coordination interactions. The combination of unique ECL and PL variations with principal component analysis was applied for the quantitative analysis of five bases in a linear range of 1.0 μM-10 μM and for the effective discrimination of individual base, the mixture of bases and oligonucleotides. Moreover, the sensor array was successfully applied to discriminate different mismatched ss-DNAs from HIV gene (a fully-matched ss-DNA), even at single-base difference. This work demonstrates that the sensor array using single iridium (III) solvent complex is a promising approach for the discrimination of bases with good sensitivity and simpleness in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Manping Qian
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
| | - Honglan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
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7
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Highly sensitive molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor for voltammetric determination of Adenine and Guanine in real samples using gold screen-printed electrode. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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8
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Multi-omics study revealed the genetic basis of beer flavor quality in yeast. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Jiang C, Dong Q, Xin X, Degen AA, Ding L. Effect of Chinese Herbs on Serum Biochemical Parameters, Immunity Indices, Antioxidant Capacity and Metabolomics in Early Weaned Yak Calves. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172228. [PMID: 36077948 PMCID: PMC9455063 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese traditional herbs are used widely as feed supplements to improve the immune response and antioxidant capacity of livestock. Twenty early-weaned 4-month-old yak calves (72.3 ± 3.65 kg) were divided randomly into four groups (n = 5 per group); three groups were provided with supplementary 80 mL/kg DMI of the root water extracts of either Angelica sinensis, Codonopsis pilosula or Glycyrrhiza uralensis, and one group (control) was not provided with a supplement. Compared to control calves, calves consuming the three herbal extracts increased serum concentrations of albumin (ALB) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), but decreased serum concentrations of free fatty acids (FFAs) and malondialdehyde (MDA) (p < 0.05). Calves consuming A. sinensis decreased (p < 0.05) serum concentration of total cholesterol (TC), and increased (p < 0.05) serum concentration of total proteins (TP). Serum FFA concentrations increased (p = 0.004) linearly with time in the control group, but not in the groups consuming herbs. Serum metabolomic data demonstrated that A. sinensis and C. pilosula regulate mainly amino acid metabolism, while G. uralensis regulates mainly carbon and amino acid metabolism. It was concluded that the three herbal root extracts, as dietary supplements, improved energy and nitrogen metabolism, and enhanced the antioxidant capacity of yak calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuixia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Quanmin Dong
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Adaptive Management on Alpine Grassland, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xiaoping Xin
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Abraham Allan Degen
- Desert Animal Adaptations and Husbandry, Wyler Department of Dryland Agriculture, Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Luming Ding
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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10
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Induction of functional neutrophils from mouse fibroblasts by thymidine through enhancement of Tet3 activity. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:619-633. [PMID: 35301470 PMCID: PMC9061759 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-022-00842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are derived from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and are the largest population among circulating white blood cells in humans, acting as the first line of defense against invading pathogens. Whether neutrophils can be generated by transdifferentiation strategies is unknown. Here, we show that thymidine induces the conversion of mouse fibroblasts to neutrophils. Induced neutrophils (iNeus) showed antibacterial effects and did not undergo malignant transformation in vivo. Importantly, iNeu transplantation cured neutropenia in mice in vivo. Mechanistically, thymidine mediates iNeu conversion by enhancing Tet3 activity. Tet3 initiates the expression of the neutrophil fate decision factors Cebpδ and Rfx1 that drive the transdifferentiation of mouse fibroblasts to neutrophils. Therefore, the induction of functional neutrophils by chemicals may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with neutropenia patients and infectious diseases.Fibroblasts; Neutrophils; Thymidine; Transdifferentiation; Tet3.
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Zhang Z, Chen S, Wei X, Xiao J, Huang D. Characterization, Antioxidant Activities, and Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitory Effect of Extract From the Edible Insect Polyrhachis vicina. Front Nutr 2022; 9:860174. [PMID: 35464030 PMCID: PMC9021923 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.860174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and obesity are critical risk factors for metabolic syndrome. The consumption of functional food ingredients can a viable strategy to alleviate oxidative stress and obesity. In this study, the hydro-ethanolic extract of the edible insect Polyrhachis vicina was prepared and its bioactive components were characterized. The total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, antioxidant and pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activities of the extract were determined in vitro. In total, 60 bioactive components were tentatively identified in the P. vicina extract. Polyphenols and fatty acids were further quantified using LC-MS and GC-MS, respectively. P. vicina extract possessed excellent antioxidant and PL inhibition activities. Salicylic acid, gallic acid, liquiritigenin, and naringenin, which were the major polyphenols in the P. vicina extract, interacted with PL through hydrogen bonding, hydrophilic or hydrophobic and pi-cation interactions. Thus, P. vicina extract can be used as a nutraceutical to alleviate oxidative stress-induced disease and manage obesity.
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12
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Ream CN, Chibisa GE. Increasing dietary proportion of wheat grain in finishing diets containing distillers' grains: impact on nitrogen utilization, ruminal pH, and digestive function. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6382394. [PMID: 34614180 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Because of its high crude protein (CP) content, dietary inclusion of corn dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) in finishing cattle diets can increase the ruminal loss of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), which ends up excreted as urine urea-N (UUN). Increasing dietary fermentable energy supply can enhance ruminal use of N; however, it could also lead to acidotic conditions that compromise digestive function and animal performance. We evaluated the effects of partially replacing dietary corn grain with 20% or 40% (dry matter [DM] basis) wheat grain in finishing diets containing 15% corn DDGS on N utilization, ruminal pH, and digestive function. Nutrient intake and digestion, ruminal fermentation characteristics, microbial protein synthesis, route of N excretion, and blood metabolites were measured. Six ruminally fistulated crossbred beef heifers (initial body weight ± SD; 797 ± 58.8 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 28-d periods. Dietary treatments were either corn (73% of diet DM; CON), 53:20 corn:wheat blend (20W), or 33:40 corn:wheat blend (40W) as the major fermentable energy source. Dry matter intake (DMI) tended to be lower for heifers fed the 40W than CON and 20W diets. Feeding diets containing wheat grain led to an increase (P = 0.04) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake. However, there was no diet effect (P ≥ 0.60) on apparent total tract DM and NDF digestibility. Feeding wheat grain led to a decrease (P ≤ 0.03) in mean and minimum pH, an increase (P = 0.04) in pH < 5.8 duration, and a tendency for an increase in the area and acidosis index for pH < 5.8 and 5.5. Nitrogen intake, which was lower (P = 0.04) for 40W than 20W heifers did not differ between CON and 20W heifers. There was no diet effect (P = 0.80) on ruminal NH3-N concentration and estimated microbial N flow. However, feeding diets containing wheat grain led to a decrease (P = 0.045) in UUN excretion (% total urine N). Fecal and total N excretion (% of N intake) increased (P < 0.01) following the addition of wheat grain to the diet. Apparent N retention was lower (P = 0.03) for 40W than CON and 20W heifers. In summary, although it led to a desirable decrease in UUN excretion, feeding wheat grain in corn DDGS-containing diets increased acidotic conditions in the rumen, which possibly led to the tendency for a decrease in DMI. The negative apparent N retention at the 40% wheat grain inclusion also suggests a decrease in nutrient supply, which could compromise feedlot performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody N Ream
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Gwinyai E Chibisa
- Department of Animal, Veterinary and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
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13
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Hou C, Xiao G, Amakye WK, Sun J, Xu Z, Ren J. Guidelines for purine extraction and determination in foods. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanli Hou
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Ganhong Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - William Kwame Amakye
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaoyan Ren
- School of Food Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhang A, Zhang Z, Zhang K, Liu X, Lin X, Zhang Z, Bao T, Feng Z. Nutrient consumption patterns of Lactobacillus plantarum and their application in suancai. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 354:109317. [PMID: 34225032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to control the fermentation time and nitrite content of suancai prepared with Lactobacillus plantarum. According to analyses of the consumption amount and rate of nutrients, growth-stimulating nutrients, essential nutrients and nutrients accelerating the fermentation process of suancai, Asp, Thr, Glu, Cys, Tyr, Mg2+, Mn2+ and inosine were selected as additions to suancai prepared with L. plantarum. The fermentation time and nitrite content of suancai supplemented with nutrients and prepared with L. plantarum were shortened by 2 days and 5 days and reduced by approximately 0.1-fold and 0.7-fold, respectively, compared with unsupplemented suancai prepared with L. plantarum at 25 °C and 10 °C. The fermentation time and nitrite content of suancai supplemented with nutrients and prepared with L. plantarum were shortened by 6 days and 15 days and reduced by approximately 0.17-fold and 0.8-fold, respectively, compared with suancai undergoing spontaneous fermentation at 25 °C and 10 °C. Furthermore, no significant differences were observed in sensory properties in suancai. The results of this study indicated that certain nutrients accelerated the growth of L. plantarum and reduced the fermentation time and nitrite content of suancai prepared with L. plantarum. These findings help to establish a foundation for the practical use of nutrients to control the fermentation of suancai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zongcai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xue Lin
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianyu Bao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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15
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Kundu D, Dubey VK. Purines and Pyrimidines: Metabolism, Function and Potential as Therapeutic Options in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 22:170-189. [PMID: 33292151 DOI: 10.2174/1389203721999201208200605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Various neurodegenerative disorders have various molecular origins but some common molecular mechanisms. In the current scenario, there are very few treatment regimens present for advanced neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, there is an urgent need for alternate options in the form of natural compounds with an ameliorating effect on patients. There have been individual scattered experiments trying to identify potential values of various intracellular metabolites. Purines and Pyrimidines, which are vital molecules governing various aspects of cellular biochemical reactions, have been long sought as crucial candidates for the same, but there are still many questions that go unanswered. Some critical functions of these molecules associated with neuromodulation activities have been identified. They are also known to play a role in foetal neurodevelopment, but there is a lacuna in understanding their mechanisms. In this review, we have tried to assemble and identify the importance of purines and pyrimidines, connecting them with the prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases. The leading cause of this class of diseases is protein misfolding and the formation of amyloids. A direct correlation between loss of balance in cellular homeostasis and amyloidosis is yet an unexplored area. This review aims at bringing the current literature available under one umbrella serving as a foundation for further extensive research in this field of drug development in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debanjan Kundu
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India
| | - Vikash Kumar Dubey
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology BHU, Varanasi, UP - 221005, India
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16
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Vinyard JR, Myers CA, Murdoch GK, Rezamand P, Chibisa GE. Optimum grape pomace proportion in feedlot cattle diets: ruminal fermentation, total tract nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, and blood metabolites. J Anim Sci 2021; 99:6131974. [PMID: 33564882 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its high content of polyphenolic compounds, the dietary inclusion of grape pomace (GP) in ruminant diets can reduce reactive nitrogen (N) and methane emissions and enhance the shelf life and beneficial fatty acids (FAs) content of meat. However, the dietary inclusion of GP beyond a threshold that is still to be determined for feedlot cattle can also compromise nutrient supply and, thus, growth performance. This study investigated the optimum proportion of GP in finishing cattle diets. Nutrient intake and apparent total tract digestion, ruminal pH and fermentation, estimated microbial protein synthesis, route of N excretion, and blood metabolites were measured. Six ruminally fistulated crossbred beef heifers (mean initial body weight ± SD: 714 ± 50.7 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square with 21-d periods. Dietary treatments were 0%, 15%, and 30% of dietary dry matter (DM) as GP, with diets containing 84%, 69%, and 54% dry-rolled barley grain, respectively. There was a linear increase (P = 0.07) in DM intake and quadratic change (P ≤ 0.01) in neutral detergent fiber (NDF) intake. There was a quadratic change (P ≤ 0.04) in apparent total tract DM, NDF, and crude protein digestibility as dietary GP content increased. However, there were no treatment effects (P ≥ 0.18) on total ruminal short-chain FA concentration and duration and area pH < 6.2, 5.8, and 5.5. Although N intake did not differ (269, 262, 253 g/d; P = 0.33) across dietary treatments, feeding GP led to a tendency for a quadratic change (P ≤ 0.07) in ruminal ammonia-N and plasma urea-N concentrations. Total N excretion also changed (quadratic, P = 0.03) because of changes (quadratic, P = 0.02) in fecal N excretion as urinary excretion of N and urea-N did not differ (P ≥ 0.15) across treatments. Feeding GP led to quadratic changes (P ≤ 0.01) in fecal excretion of fiber-bound N. Microbial N flow and apparent N retention also changed (quadratic, P ≤ 0.04) as dietary GP proportion increased. In conclusion, responses to dietary GP proportion were mostly quadratic with indications that nutrient supply as reflected by changes in apparent total tract nutrient digestibility, microbial N supply, and apparent N retention could be compromised beyond a 15% dietary inclusion level.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Vinyard
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
| | - Cheyanne A Myers
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
| | - Gordon K Murdoch
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
| | - Pedram Rezamand
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
| | - Gwinyai E Chibisa
- Department of Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
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17
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Stevens AV, Karges K, Rezamand P, Laarman AH, Chibisa GE. Production performance and nitrogen metabolism in dairy cows fed supplemental blends of rumen undegradable protein and rumen-protected amino acids in low- compared with high-protein diets containing corn distillers grains. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:4134-4145. [PMID: 33612237 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Feeding corn dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) in low crude protein (CP) diets could limit N waste in lactating cows. However, it also could possibly reduce metabolizable AA supply, especially Lys, and compromise milk production. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding supplemental blends of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and rumen-protected (RP) AA in a low compared with high CP diet containing corn DDGS on milk production and selected measures of N utilization. Six multiparous Holstein cows (619.3 ± 49.8 kg of body weight; 26.8 ± 6.2 d in milk) were subjected to a split-plot, 3 × 3 Latin square design (21-d periods) with dietary CP content [low (14.6%; LP) or high (16.6%; HP)] as the whole-plot factor, and blend of RUP and RP-AA [control (CON), no supplement; blend A (0.11 kg/cow per d); or blend B (0.45 kg/cow per d)] as the sub-plot factor. All diets contained 10% corn DDGS; blends of RUP and RP-AA were top-dressed during morning feeding. There was no dietary CP content × supplemental blend interaction for all measured variables. Nutrient (dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and CP), milk and milk component yields, and feed and apparent N efficiency did not differ for cows fed the low- compared with the high-protein diet. However, apparent total-tract CP digestibility, blood and milk urea-N concentrations, and urinary excretion (g/d) of N and urea-N were lower for cows fed the low-protein compared with the high-protein diet. There was no supplemental blend effect on nutrient intake and apparent total-tract digestibility, and milk and milk component yields. Except for a tendency for total urinary purine derivative excretion and microbial N flow to be lower for cows fed blend B compared with CON but not blend A, there was no supplemental blend effect on measures of N utilization. Both dietary CP content and supplemental blend of RUP and RP-AA had a marginal effect on the plasma free AA profile. In summary, reducing dietary CP content in diets containing corn DDGS had no effect on lactation performance, possibly accounting for the lack of a positive response following the provision of supplemental blends of RUP and RP-AA. However, reducing dietary CP content resulted in a decrease in blood and milk urea-N concentrations, and urinary excretion of N and urea-N, suggestive of an improvement in the efficiency of N use.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Stevens
- Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844-2330
| | - K Karges
- H. J. Baker & Bro. LLC, Shelton, CT 06484
| | - P Rezamand
- Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844-2330
| | - A H Laarman
- Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844-2330
| | - G E Chibisa
- Animal, Veterinary, and Food Sciences Department, University of Idaho, Moscow 83844-2330.
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18
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Simultaneous quantification method for 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur using UPLC-MS/MS and clinical application in monitoring UFT/LV combination therapy after hepatectomy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3132. [PMID: 33542452 PMCID: PMC7862254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Combination therapy of tegafur/uracil (UFT) and leucovorin (LV) is widely used to treat colorectal cancers. Although this therapy has a significant therapeutic effect, severe adverse effects occur frequently. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) may help to prevent adverse effects. A useful assay that can quantitate plasma levels of 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur simultaneously for TDM has been desired, but such a method is not currently available. In this study, we aimed to develop a sensitive method for simultaneous quantification of 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur in human plasma using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). After preparing plasma samples by protein precipitation and liquid extraction, 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur were analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS in negative electrospray ionization mode. Validation was performed according to US Food and Drugs Administration guidance. The calibration curves were linear over concentration ranges of 2–500 ng/mL for 5-FU, 20–5000 ng/mL for uracil, and 200–50,000 ng/mL for tegafur. The corresponding average recovery rates were 79.9, 80.9, and 87.8%. The method provides accuracy within 11.6% and precision below 13.3% for all three analytes. Matrix effects of 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur were higher than 43.5, 84.9, and 100.2%, respectively. This assay was successfully applied to assess the time courses of plasma 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur concentrations in two patients with colorectal liver metastasis who received UFT/LV therapy after hepatectomy. In conclusion, we succeeded to develop a sensitive and robust UPLC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of 5-FU, uracil, and tegafur in human plasma. This method is potentially useful for TDM in patients receiving UFT/LV combination therapy.
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19
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Kang L, Liu J, Zhang H, Jiang M, Jin Y, Zhang M, Hu P. Improved ultra-high performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of five gout-related metabolites in human serum. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:954-962. [PMID: 33348445 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Creatinine and purines are gout-related metabolites commonly quantified by liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet and mass spectrometry. However, the high cost of liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry hindered its extensive use in ordinary hospitals and clinical laboratories. Using the traditional liquid chromatography method, the full separation of these metabolites in complex biological samples is still not achieved. In this study, an improved ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectroscopy method was reported for quantitative determination of five gout-related metabolites (i.e., creatinine, uric acid, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and inosine) in human serum within 10 min. A UHPLC system equipped with a hydrophilic C18 column was used to improve separation, shorten analysis time, and increase analysis throughput. The performance of the method was validated by evaluating linearity (squared correlation coefficient > 0.9991), recovery (92.8-100.0%, with relative standard deviation < 4.7%), accuracy (relative errors < 14.6%), precision (0.2-4.1% for intraday and 2.1-7.3% for interday) and stability (-14.1 to 8.3% in autosampler for 12 h and -13.3 to 2.2% for freeze-thaw cycles). This method was successfully applied to quantify gout-related metabolites in serum samples of healthy controls and gout patients, which was expected to be used in the clinical investigation of gout at different stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Kang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Jiujiang, P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Jiujiang First People's Hospital, Jiujiang, P. R. China
| | - Yidian Jin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, P. R. China
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20
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Meng L, Li S, Liu G, Fan X, Qiao Y, Zhang A, Lin Y, Zhao X, Huang K, Feng Z. The nutrient requirements of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 and their application to fermented milk. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:138-150. [PMID: 33131816 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 is a suitable probiotic for food application, but because of its slow growth in milk, an increase in its efficiency is desired. To shorten the time required for fermentation, the nutrient requirements of L. acidophilus LA-5 were analyzed, including the patterns of consumption of amino acids, purines, pyrimidines, vitamins, and metal ions. The nutrients required by L. acidophilus LA-5 were Asn, Asp, Cys, Leu, Met, riboflavin, guanine, uracil, and Mn2+, and when they were added to milk, the fermentation time of fermented milk prepared by L. acidophilus LA-5 alone was shortened by 9 h, with high viable cell counts that were maintained during storage of nutrient-supplemented fermented milk compared with the control. For fermented milk prepared by fermentation with Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, and L. acidophilus LA-5, viable cell counts of L. acidophilus LA-5 increased 1.3-fold and were maintained during storage of nutrient-supplemented fermented milk compared with the control. Adding nutrients had no negative effect on the quality of the fermented milk. The results indicated that suitable nutrients enhanced the growth of L. acidophilus LA-5 and increased its viable cell counts in fermented milk prepared by L. acidophilus LA-5 alone and mixed starter culture, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Meng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gefei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuejing Fan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yali Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xingming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, China.
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21
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Young B, Hendricks J, Foreman D, Pickens CA, Hovell C, De Jesús VR, Haynes C, Petritis K. Development of dried blood spot quality control materials for adenosine deaminase severe combined immunodeficiency and LC-MS/MS method for their characterization. CLINICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 17:4-11. [PMID: 33851028 PMCID: PMC8040805 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinms.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine deaminase severe combined immunodeficiency (ADA-SCID) is an autosomal recessive disorder in which a lack of ADA enzyme prevents the maturation of T- and B-cells; early intervention is crucial for restoring immune function in affected neonates. ADA is responsible for purine metabolism and-in its absence-adenosine, deoxyadenosine, and S-adenosylhomocysteine build up and can be detected in the blood. Preparing dried blood spot (DBS) quality control (QC) materials for these analytes is challenging because enrichments are quickly metabolized by the endogenous ADA in normal donor blood. Adding an inhibitor, erythro-9-(2-hydroxy-3-nonyl) adenine (EHNA), has been previously reported to minimize enzyme activity, although this adds additional cost and complexity. We describe an alternative method using unnatural L-enantiomer nucleosides (L-adenosine and 2'-deoxy-L-adenosine) which eliminates the need for enzyme inhibition. We also present a novel method for characterization of the materials using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to quantify the analytes of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Young
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.,Present address: Texas A&M University, College Station, TX
| | | | - David Foreman
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA.,Present address: Medical College of Georgia, Augusta GA
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22
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Robin T, Saint-Marcoux F, Toinon D, Tafzi N, Marquet P, El Balkhi S. Automatic quantification of uracil and dihydrouracil in plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1142:122038. [PMID: 32169798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapies are the backbone in the treatment of many cancers. However, the use of 5-fluorouracil and its oral pre-prodrug, capecitabine, is associated with an important risk of toxicity. This toxicity is mainly due to a deficiency of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). This deficiency may be detected by using a phenotypic approach that consists in the measurement of uracilemia or the calculation of dihydrouracil (UH2)/uracil (U) ratio. For uracilemia, a threshold value of 16 ng/ml has been proposed for partial deficiency, while a value of 150 ng/ml has been proposed for complete deficiency. We have developed a rapid, accurate and fully-automated procedure for the quantification of U and UH2 in plasma. Sample extraction was carried out by a programmable liquid handler directly coupled to a liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) system. The method was validated according to the EMA guidelines and ISO 15189 requirements and was applied to real patient samples (n = 64). The limit of quantification was 5 and 10 ng/ml for U and UH2 respectively. Imprecision and inaccuracy were less than 15% for inter and intra-assay tests. Comparison with dedicated routine method showed excellent correlation. An automated procedure perfectly fulfills the need of low inaccuracy and CVs at the threshold values (less than 5% at 16 ng/ml) and is highly suitable for the characterization of DPD deficiency. Automatization should guaranty reliable and robust performances by minimizing the sources of variation such as volume inaccuracies, filtration or manual extraction related errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Robin
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacovigilance, Limoges University Hospital, France
| | - Franck Saint-Marcoux
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacovigilance, Limoges University Hospital, France; INSERM UMR 1248, France.
| | | | - Naïma Tafzi
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacovigilance, Limoges University Hospital, France
| | - Pierre Marquet
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacovigilance, Limoges University Hospital, France; INSERM UMR 1248, France
| | - Souleiman El Balkhi
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacovigilance, Limoges University Hospital, France; INSERM UMR 1248, France
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23
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Zhang Y, Meng L, Ai M, Qiao Y, Liu G, Fan X, Lv X, Feng Z. Nutrient requirements of Lactobacillus casei Shirota and their application in fermented milk. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Sun J, Chen H, Qiao Y, Liu G, Leng C, Zhang Y, Lv X, Feng Z. The nutrient requirements of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and their application to fermented milk. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:5971-5978. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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25
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Yuan Y, Jiang M, Zhang H, Liu J, Zhang M, Hu P. Simultaneous quantification of urinary purines and creatinine by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectroscopy and quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry: Method development, validation, and application to gout study. J Sep Sci 2019; 42:2523-2533. [PMID: 31144454 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Min Jiang
- Department of RheumatologyJiujiang First People's Hospital Jiujiang P. R. China
| | - Hongyang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of RheumatologyJiujiang First People's Hospital Jiujiang P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug DesignSchool of PharmacyEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Ping Hu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and Technology Shanghai P. R. China
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26
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Ortolani TS, Pereira TS, Assumpção MH, Vicentini FC, Gabriel de Oliveira G, Janegitz BC. Electrochemical sensing of purines guanine and adenine using single-walled carbon nanohorns and nanocellulose. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Vinyard JR, Hall JB, Sprinkle JE, Chibisa GE. Effects of maturity at harvest on the nutritive value and ruminal digestion of Eragrostis tef (cv. Moxie) when fed to beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:3420-3432. [PMID: 29788095 PMCID: PMC6095295 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Teff (Eragrostis tef cv. Moxie), a warm-season annual grass, could be an excellent forage for beef cattle. However, there is limited information on its nutritive value to cattle when harvested at different stages of maturity. Thus, the objective of this research was to determine the effect of feeding teff hay harvested at the boot (BT), early-heading (EH), or late-heading (LH) stages of maturity on nutrient intake, ruminal fermentation characteristics, omasal nutrient flow, and N utilization in beef cattle. Six ruminally cannulated beef heifers (mean initial BW ± SD, 476 ± 32.6) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 28-d periods (18 d for adaptation and 10 d for measurements). Dry matter intake was measured daily. Indwelling pH loggers were used to measure ruminal pH from days 21 to 28. Ruminal fluid and omasal digesta were collected from days 26 to 28 to determine fermentation characteristics and omasal nutrient flow. Fecal and urine samples to quantify N excretion were also collected (days 26 to 28). Blood samples for plasma urea-N (PUN) determination were collected 3 h post-feeding on day 28. There were no changes (P > 0.28) in the ADF or NDF content of teff with advancing maturity, but indigestible NDF increased (P < 0.01) with increasing maturity. Maturity had no effect (P ≥ 0.14) on DMI, and ruminal total short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentration, pH, digestibility, and outflow of DM, OM, NDF, ADF, and CP. However, the CP content of BT hay was greater (P < 0.01) than for EH and LH hay (18.1, 14.1, and 11.5%, respectively, DM basis), and this resulted in the higher CP intake (P < 0.01) for heifers fed the BT than the EH and LH hay. Consequently, ruminal ammonia-N (NH3-N) concentration was greater (P < 0.01) for heifers fed BT than EH and LH hay, thereby possibly explaining the tendency for a decrease (P = 0.08) in PUN concentration, and a decrease (P < 0.01) in the excretion of total N, urine N, and urea-N (UUN) with advancing maturity. However, fecal N excretion (g/d) did not differ (P = 0.76). In conclusion, despite a decrease in CP intake and ruminal NH3-N concentration, feeding beef heifers EH and LH compared to BT teff hay did not compromise ruminal digestion and outflow of DM, OM, NDF, ADF, and CP, and microbial protein synthesis. Advancing maturity in teff hay also resulted in a decrease in the excretion of total N and urine N and UUN when fed to cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Vinyard
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
| | - John B Hall
- Nancy M. Cummings Research, Extension and Education Center, University of Idaho, Carmen, ID
| | - James E Sprinkle
- Nancy M. Cummings Research, Extension and Education Center, University of Idaho, Carmen, ID
| | - Gwinyai E Chibisa
- Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID
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28
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Liu G, Qiao Y, Zhang Y, Leng C, Sun J, Chen H, Zhang Y, Li A, Feng Z. Profiles of Streptococcus thermophilus MN-ZLW-002 nutrient requirements in controlled pH batch fermentations. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00633. [PMID: 29682906 PMCID: PMC6391275 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the profiles of Streptococcus thermophilus nutrient requirements to guide the design of media for high cell density culturing. The growth kinetics, physiological state, and nutrient requirement profiles of S. thermophilus were analyzed in chemically defined media. The results showed that the intracellular ATP concentration, H+‐ATPase activity, NADH/NAD+, and NH3 concentrations varied with intracellular pH. The nutrient components with the highest amounts required were Leu and Asp; ascorbic acid and p‐amino benzoic acid; K+ and PO43−; and guanine and uracil. The nutrient components with the largest required ratios were Arg, His, and Met; folic acid, cyanocobalamine, biotin, and nicotinic acid; Ca2+ and Mg2+; and guanine and uracil. In this study, different nutrient components were primarily used at different phase. Trp, Tyr, calcium pantothenate, thiamine, guanine, and Mg2+ were mainly used from late‐lag to midexponential phase. Met, Pro, Phe, Ala, Gly, nicotinic acid, and riboflavin were mainly used from midexponential to late‐exponential phase. The highest bioavailabilities of nutrient components were also found at diverse phase. Met, Leu, Ile, Asn, Glu, Lys, Pro, Gly, riboflavin, nicotinic acid, adenine, uracil, inosine, and Ca2+ had the highest bioavailability from late‐lag to midexponential phase. Lactose, Glu, Asp, His, Trp, Cys, Val, Arg, Phe, Ala, Ser, Thr, Tyr, folate and cobalamin, calcium pantothenate, ascorbic acid, thiamine, biotin, p‐amino benzoic acid, vitamin B6, K+, Mg2+, guanine, xanthine, and PO43− had the highest bioavailability from midexponential to late‐exponential phase. This study elucidated the nutrient requirement profiles with culture time and biomass at various average growth rates during the growth of S. thermophilus. The present results will help to formulate complex media for high cell density cultivation and provide the theoretical basis for S. thermophilus feeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gefei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yali Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yanjiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Cong Leng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Aili Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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29
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A sensitive and accurate method to simultaneously measure uric acid and creatinine in human saliva by using LC–MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2017; 9:1751-1760. [PMID: 28967800 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2017-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To establish a method to simultaneously measure uric acid (UA) and creatinine (Cr) in human saliva. Materials & methods: By using HPLC–MS/MS, we developed and validated a fast, sensitive and accurate method to simultaneously determine UA and Cr in human saliva. The determination range for Cr and UA is of 10–5000 ng/ml with the R2 for both calibration curves over 0.999. The accuracy, precision and recovery of Cr and UA were all acceptable. By using the established method, the Cr and UA levels in saliva from 28 healthy volunteers were measured as 2.9 ± 0.8 µM and 46.8 ± 18.2 µM, respectively. Conclusion: This method can simultaneously determine Cr and UA in saliva for clinical and translational study.
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30
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Hemasa AL, Naumovski N, Maher WA, Ghanem A. Application of Carbon Nanotubes in Chiral and Achiral Separations of Pharmaceuticals, Biologics and Chemicals. NANOMATERIALS 2017; 7:nano7070186. [PMID: 28718832 PMCID: PMC5535252 DOI: 10.3390/nano7070186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess unique mechanical, physical, electrical and absorbability properties coupled with their nanometer dimensional scale that renders them extremely valuable for applications in many fields including nanotechnology and chromatographic separation. The aim of this review is to provide an updated overview about the applications of CNTs in chiral and achiral separations of pharmaceuticals, biologics and chemicals. Chiral single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been directly applied for the enantioseparation of pharmaceuticals and biologicals by using them as stationary or pseudostationary phases in chromatographic separation techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) and gas chromatography (GC). Achiral MWCNTs have been used for achiral separations as efficient sorbent objects in solid-phase extraction techniques of biochemicals and drugs. Achiral SWCNTs have been applied in achiral separation of biological samples. Achiral SWCNTs and MWCNTs have been also successfully used to separate achiral mixtures of pharmaceuticals and chemicals. Collectively, functionalized CNTs have been indirectly applied in separation science by enhancing the enantioseparation of different chiral selectors whereas non-functionalized CNTs have shown efficient capabilities for chiral separations by using techniques such as encapsulation or immobilization in polymer monolithic columns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman L Hemasa
- Chirality Program, Biomedical Science, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) 2617, Australia.
| | - Nenad Naumovski
- Collaborative Research in Bioactives and Biomarkers Group (CRIBB), University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) 2617, Australia.
| | - William A Maher
- Ecochemistry Laboratory, Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) 2617, Australia.
| | - Ashraf Ghanem
- Chirality Program, Biomedical Science, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory (ACT) 2617, Australia.
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31
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Lv X, Liu G, Sun X, Chen H, Sun J, Feng Z. Short communication: Nutrient consumption patterns of Lactobacillus acidophilus KLDS 1.0738 in controlled pH batch fermentations. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:5188-5194. [PMID: 28501405 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This work focused on elucidating the nutrient consumption patterns of Lactobacillus acidophilus to guide the design of media for high-cell-density culture. We investigated the nutrient consumption patterns of L. acidophilus KLDS 1.0738 in chemically defined media in controlled pH batch fermentations. The most abundantly consumed amino acids, vitamins, ions, and purines and pyrimidines were Glu and Gly, pyridoxine and nicotinamide, K+ and PO43-, and guanine and uracil, respectively. The highest consumption rates for amino acids, vitamins, ions, and purines and pyrimidines were Asp and Arg, folic acid and pyridoxine, Fe2+ and Mn2+, and uracil and thymine, respectively. Furthermore, most of the amino acids, as well as guanine, thymine, pyridoxine, folic acid, nicotinamide, Mg2+, PO43-, and K+ had the highest bioavailability from the end of the lag growth phase to the mid-exponential growth phase. The overall consumption of glucose, adenine nucleotides, 2'-deoxyguanosine monohydrate, calcium pantothenate, Fe2+ and Mn2+ decreased with increasing average growth rate, indicating more effective use of these nutritional components at a higher average growth rate, as biomass yield based on nutritional component consumption increased. Our findings help to formulate complex media for high-cell-density cultivation and provide a theoretical basis for L. acidophilus feeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Lv
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Gefei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Xiaomei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China
| | - Zhen Feng
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 59 Mucai Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150030, China.
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32
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Simultaneous Determination of Uric Acid, Xanthine and Hypoxanthine in Human Plasma and Serum by HPLC–UV: Uric Acid Metabolism Tracking. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3208-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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33
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Du Y, Li YJ, Hu XX, Deng X, Qian ZT, Li Z, Guo MZ, Tang DQ. Development and evaluation of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-MS/MS method to quantify 19 nucleobases and nucleosides in rat plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Yin-jie Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmacy; Jiangsu Provincial Xuzhou Pharmaceutical Vocational College; Xuzhou China
| | - Xun-xiu Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Xu Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Zeng-ting Qian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Zheng Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Meng-zhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
| | - Dao-quan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy; Xuzhou Medical University; Xuzhou China
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34
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Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of metabolites in purine pathway of rat plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1036-1037:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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35
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Carboxymethyl cellulose assisted preparation of water-processable halloysite nanotubular composites with carboxyl-functionalized multi-carbon nanotubes for simultaneous voltammetric detection of uric acid, guanine and adenine in biological samples. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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36
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Di Liberto V, Mudò G, Garozzo R, Frinchi M, Fernandez-Dueñas V, Di Iorio P, Ciccarelli R, Caciagli F, Condorelli DF, Ciruela F, Belluardo N. The Guanine-Based Purinergic System: The Tale of An Orphan Neuromodulation. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:158. [PMID: 27378923 PMCID: PMC4911385 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanine-based purines (GBPs) have been recently proposed to be not only metabolic agents but also extracellular signaling molecules that regulate important functions in the central nervous system. In such way, GBPs-mediated neuroprotection, behavioral responses and neuronal plasticity have been broadly described in the literature. However, while a number of these functions (i.e., GBPs neurothophic effects) have been well-established, the molecular mechanisms behind these GBPs-dependent effects are still unknown. Furthermore, no plasma membrane receptors for GBPs have been described so far, thus GBPs are still considered orphan neuromodulators. Interestingly, an intricate and controversial functional interplay between GBPs effects and adenosine receptors activity has been recently described, thus triggering the hypothesis that GBPs mechanism of action might somehow involve adenosine receptors. Here, we review recent data describing the GBPs role in the brain. We focus on the involvement of GBPs regulating neuronal plasticity, and on the new hypothesis based on putative GBPs receptors. Overall, we expect to shed some light on the GBPs world since although these molecules might represent excellent candidates for certain neurological diseases management, the lack of putative GBPs receptors precludes any high throughput screening intent for the search of effective GBPs-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Di Liberto
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Mudò
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Roberta Garozzo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Monica Frinchi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
| | - Víctor Fernandez-Dueñas
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrizia Di Iorio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotecnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
| | - Renata Ciccarelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotecnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Caciagli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotecnological Sciences, University of Chieti-Pescara Chieti, Italy
| | - Daniele F Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania Catania, Italy
| | - Francisco Ciruela
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natale Belluardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo Palermo, Italy
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37
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Simultaneous determination of guanine, adenine, thymine and cytosine with a simple electrochemical method. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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38
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Ishii H, Yamaguchi H, Mano N. Shifting the Linear Range in Electrospray Ionization by In-Source Collision-Induced Dissociation. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:356-9. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Ishii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
- Laboratory of Racing Chemistry
| | - Hiroaki Yamaguchi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
| | - Nariyasu Mano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University Hospital
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39
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Song Y, Zhang N, Shi S, Li J, Zhang Q, Zhao Y, Jiang Y, Tu P. Large-scale qualitative and quantitative characterization of components in Shenfu injection by integrating hydrophilic interaction chromatography, reversed phase liquid chromatography, and tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1407:106-18. [PMID: 26143607 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It is of great importance to clarify in depth the chemical composition, including qualitative and quantitative aspects, of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) injection that contains a great number of hydrophilic and hydrophobic ingredients to guarantee its safe medication in clinic. Column-switching hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-reversed phase liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-RPLC-MS/MS) has been revealed to be advantageous at simultaneous measurement of compounds covering a broad polarity range. Previous studies have profiled the hydrophobic components, mainly aconite alkaloids and ginsenosides, in Shenfu Injection (SFI); however, the hydrophilic substances haven't been taken into account. In the present study, we aim to holistically characterize the hydrophilic constituents and to simultaneously quantitate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic components in SFI. A strategy integrating predefined multiple reaction monitoring, step-wise multiple ion monitoring, and enhanced product ion scans was proposed to universally screen the hydrophilic substances using a hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometer. Structural identification was carried out by comparing with authentic compounds, analyzing MS(2) spectra, and referring to accessible databases (e.g., MassBank, METLIN and HMDB). A total of 157 hydrophilic compounds were detected from SFI, and 154 ones were identified as amino acids, nucleosides, organic acid, carbohydrates, etc. A column-switching HILIC-RPLC-MS/MS system was developed and validated for simultaneously quantitative analysis of 40 primary hydrophilic and hydrophobic ingredients in SFI, including eleven amino acids, nine nucleosides, nine aconite alkaloids, and eleven ginsenosides. Taken together, the findings obtained could provide meaningful information for comprehensively understanding the chemical composition and offer a reliable approach for the quality control of SFI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuelin Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China; Baotou Medical College, Baotou 014060, China
| | - Shepo Shi
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yunfang Zhao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
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40
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Absorption and intermediary metabolism of purines and pyrimidines in lactating dairy cows. Br J Nutr 2015; 113:560-73. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114514004000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
About 20 % of ruminal microbial N in dairy cows derives from purines and pyrimidines; however, their intermediary metabolism and contribution to the overall N metabolism has sparsely been described. In the present study, the postprandial patterns of net portal-drained viscera (PDV) and hepatic metabolism were assessed to evaluate purine and pyrimidine N in dairy cows. Blood was sampled simultaneously from four veins with eight hourly samples from four multi-catheterised Holstein cows. Quantification of twenty purines and pyrimidines was performed with HPLC–MS/MS, and net fluxes were estimated across the PDV, hepatic tissue and total splanchnic tissue (TSP). Concentration differences between veins of fifteen purine and pyrimidine nucleosides (NS), bases (BS) and degradation products (DP) were different from zero (P≤ 0·05), resulting in the net PDV releases of purine NS (0·33–1·3 mmol/h), purine BS (0·0023–0·018 mmol/h), purine DP (7·0–7·8 mmol/h), pyrimidine NS (0·30–2·8 mmol/h) and pyrimidine DP (0·047–0·77 mmol/h). The hepatic removal of purine and pyrimidine was almost equivalent to the net PDV release, resulting in no net TSP release. One exception was uric acid (7·9 mmol/h) from which a large net TSP release originated from the degradation of purine NS and BS. A small net TSP release of the pyrimidine DP β-alanine and β-aminoisobutyric acid ( − 0·032 to 0·37 mmol/h) demonstrated an outlet of N into the circulating N pool. No effect of time relative to feeding was observed (P>0·05). These data indicate that considerable amounts of N are lost in the dairy cow due to prominent intermediary degradation of purines, but that pyrimidine N is reusable to a larger extent.
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41
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Song Q, Song Y, Zhang N, Li J, Jiang Y, Zhang K, Zhang Q, Tu P. Potential of hyphenated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-scheduled multiple reaction monitoring algorithm for large-scale quantitative analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of a core–shell ADME column with a sMRM algorithm offers the potential for large-scale quantitative analysis of the components in TCMs by providing not only high quality quantitative signals but also reliable MS2 spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100029
- China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica
| | - Yuelin Song
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Na Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100029
- China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica
| | - Jun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- China
| | - Kerong Zhang
- Application Support Center
- AB SCIEX
- Shanghai 200233
- China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine
- Beijing 100029
- China
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