1
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Weise C, Schirmer M, Polack M, Korell A, Westphal H, Schwieger J, Warias R, Zimmermann S, Belder D. Modular Chip-Based nanoSFC-MS for Ultrafast Separations. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39152902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the development of a miniaturized device for supercritical fluid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The chip-based, modular nanoSFC approach utilizes a particle-packed nanobore column embedded between two monolithically structured glass chips. A microtee in the pre-column section ensures picoliter sample loads onto the column, while a microcross chip structure fluidically controls the column backpressure. The restrictive emitter and the minimal post-column volume of 16 nL prevent mobile phase decompression and analyte dilution, maintaining chromatographic integrity during transfer to the atmospheric pressure MS interface. This facilitates high-speed chiral separations in less than 80 s with high reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Weise
- University Leipzig, Linnestrasse 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rico Warias
- University Leipzig, Linnestrasse 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Leibniz University Hannover, Appelstrasse 9a, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- University Leipzig, Linnestrasse 3, Leipzig 04103, Germany
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2
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Weise C, Fischer J, Belder D. Mass spectrometry coupling of chip-based supercritical fluid chromatography enabled by make-up flow-assisted backpressure regulation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4447-4456. [PMID: 38907770 PMCID: PMC11294422 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This work introduces a novel microfluidic backpressure pressure control developed for chip-based supercritical fluid chromatography (chipSFC). The presented on-chip pressure control mechanism involves the post-column addition of a viscous make-up stream, which enables pressure regulation within the range of 73 to 130 bar range. In contrast to approaches using mechanical backpressure regulators, this chip-based make-up-assisted pressure regulation offers a wear-free alternative that functions entirely through fluidic means and contributes minimally to extra column volume. It prevents phase separation of the supercritical mobile phase and, therefore, expands the analytical scope of chipSFC to detection systems with an ambient pressure interface. This was demonstrated by a proof-of-principle experiment, where a model mixture was separated within 30 s and detected using atmospheric pressure ionisation mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Weise
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Fischer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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3
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Jiao D, Zhang R, Zhang H, Ma H, Zhang X, Fan X, Chang H. Rapid detection of glycosylated hemoglobin levels by a microchip liquid chromatography system in gradient elution mode. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1288:342186. [PMID: 38220313 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The determination of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is crucial for diabetes diagnosis and can provide more substantial results than the simple measurement of glycemia. While there is a lack of simple methods for the determination of HbA1c using a point-of-care test (POCT) compared to glycemia measurement. In particular, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is considered the current gold standard for determining HbA1c levels. However, commercial HPLC systems usually have some sort of disadvantages such as bulky size, high-cost and need for qualified operators. Therefore, there is an urgent demand to develop a portable, and fast HbA1c detection system consuming fewer reagents. RESULTS We present a novel microchip that integrates a micromixer, passive injector, packed column and detection cell. The integrated microchip, in which all the microstructures were formed in the CNC machining center through micro-milling, is small in size (30 mm × 70 mm × 10 mm), and can withstand 1600 psi of liquid pressure. The integrated design is beneficial to reduce the band broadening caused by dead volume. Based on the microchip, a microchip liquid chromatography (LC) system was built and applied to the analysis of HbA1c. The separation conditions of HbA1c in blood calibrator samples were optimized using the microchip LC system. Samples containing four levels of HbA1c were completely separated within 2 min in optimal gradient conditions, with an inaccuracy (<3.2 %), a coefficient of variation (c.v. < 2.1 %) and a correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.993), indicating excellent separation efficiency and reproducibility. SIGNIFICANCE The POCT of HbA1c is critical for diabetes diagnosis. The microchip chromatography system was developed for HbA1c determination, which contains an integrated microchip and works under a gradient elution. It surpasses existing chip technology in terms of separation performance and detection speed, providing a competitive advantage for POCT of HbA1c. It is considered one important step for realizing efficient portable systems for timely and accurate diabetes diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhao Jiao
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Ruirong Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
| | - Hantian Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Haoquan Ma
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Xiaoguang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China
| | - Honglong Chang
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Micro/Nano Systems for Aerospace, Department of Microsystem Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
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4
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Weise C, Westphal H, Warias R, Belder D. High-temperature ultrafast ChipHPLC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:1023-1031. [PMID: 38112789 PMCID: PMC10800301 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we present a miniaturized chip-based HPLC approach coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry utilizing temperature to achieve high-speed separations. The approach benefits from the low thermal mass of the microfluidic chip and can form an electrospray from the pre-heated mobile phase. With the help of this technology, isothermal and temperature-programmable operations up to 130°C were pursued to perform reversed-phase separations of pesticides in methanol and ethanol-containing eluents in less than 20 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Weise
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Hannes Westphal
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rico Warias
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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5
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Kubo T, Ichikawa M, Adachi T, Watabe Y, Naito T, Otuka K. Development of a particle packed bed model for homogeneity evaluation of liquid chromatography column. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1705:464171. [PMID: 37385150 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Particle packed columns used for liquid chromatography (LC) can suppress a column internal band broadening (hereinafter referred to as band broadening) by packing monodisperse particles homogenously. However, a quantitative evaluation for the effects of particle shape and packed state on band broadening needs to be more investigated. In this study, we fabricated a model of particle packed bed using microfluid LC columns that have pillar array structure prepared by microfabrication technology, evaluating how structural factors inside of a column affect its band broadening. At first, microfluid LC columns was prepared using Si-quartz glass (Si-Q column) for the optimization of LC measurement system. Through the evaluation, it showed 11.6 times higher pressure tolerance compared to that of PDMS-soda lime glass (PDMS-g column). Then, an optimized LC measurement system was constructed using a microfluidic LC column made of Si-Q column, and it was confirmed that the measurement error was small enough and the LC measurement could be performed with high repeatability. Additionally, the effect of a distribution of structural size on band broadening was evaluated. It was confirmed that wide distribution of the structural size provided large band broadening in actual measurements. Comparing two columns having different structural log-normal distributions of 0 and 0.22 showed approximately 1.8 times difference in both real LC measurement. Lastly, the relationship between packed state and band broadening was evaluated. As packed state, we employed void arrangement and structural arrangement in the columns. Different location arrangements of 50 and 100 µm pillar sizes afforded different band broadening. Well-homogenized array showed approximately two times worse band broadening compared to that of delocalized array. Based on these results, the developed packed bed of particles model was able to evaluate the relation between structural factors and band broadening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kubo
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Motonobu Ichikawa
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tenki Adachi
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watabe
- Research Center, Shimadzu General Service, Inc, 1, Nishinokyo, Kuwabara-cho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto 604-8511, Japan
| | - Toyohiro Naito
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan; RIKEN Innovation, COREDO Nihonbashi, 1-4-1 Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 103-0027 Japan
| | - Koji Otuka
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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6
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Shao X, Huang Y, Wang G. Microfluidic devices for protein analysis using intact and top‐down mass spectrometry. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20220032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Shao
- Institute for Cell Analysis Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking University Beijing China
- Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Yanyi Huang
- Institute for Cell Analysis Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking University Beijing China
- Peking‐Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Beijing China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Peking University Beijing China
| | - Guanbo Wang
- Institute for Cell Analysis Shenzhen Bay Laboratory Shenzhen China
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center Peking University Beijing China
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7
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Abdulhussain N, Nawada S, Currivan S, Schoenmakers P. Fabrication of monolithic frits and columns for chip‐based multidimensional separation devices. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:1400-1410. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noor Abdulhussain
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Centre for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA) University of Amsterdam 1098 HX Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Suhas Nawada
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Centre for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA) University of Amsterdam 1098 HX Amsterdam the Netherlands
| | - Sinéad Currivan
- Department of Applied Science Technological University Dublin Tallaght D24 FKT9 Ireland
- MiCRA Biodiagnostics Technological University Dublin Tallaght D24 FKT9 Ireland
- Centre of Applied Science for Health (CASH) Technological University Dublin Tallaght D24 FKT9 Ireland
| | - Peter Schoenmakers
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Science (HIMS) University of Amsterdam Amsterdam the Netherlands
- Centre for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam (CASA) University of Amsterdam 1098 HX Amsterdam the Netherlands
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8
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Abstract
微型化是现代分析仪器发展的重要趋势。微型化液相色谱仪器在提供与常规尺度液相色谱相同甚至更高分离效率的同时,可以有效减少溶剂和样品的消耗;在液相色谱-质谱联用中,低流速进样可以有效提高质谱离子源的离子化效率,提高质谱检测效率;对于极微量样品的分离,微型化的液相色谱可以有效减少样品稀释;液相色谱的微型化还有利于液相色谱仪器整体的模块化和集成化设计。芯片液相色谱是在微流控芯片上制备色谱柱并集成相应的流体控制系统和检测系统。芯片液相色谱是色谱仪器微型化的一种重要方式,受到学术界和产业界的普遍关注,但是这一方式也充满挑战。液相色谱微流控芯片需要在芯片基底材料、芯片色谱柱的结构设计、微流体控制技术、检测器技术等方面做出创新,使微流控芯片系统适配液相色谱分离技术的需要。目前芯片液相色谱领域面临的主要问题在于芯片基底材料的性质难以满足芯片液相色谱进一步微型化和集成化的需求;因此芯片液相色谱在未来的发展中需要着重关注新型微流控芯片基底材料的开发以及微流控芯片通道结构的统一设计。该文着重介绍了芯片液相色谱技术近年来的研究进展,并简要展示了商品化芯片色谱当前的发展情况。
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9
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Piendl SK, Schönfelder T, Polack M, Weigelt L, van der Zwaag T, Teutenberg T, Beckert E, Belder D. Integration of segmented microflow chemistry and online HPLC/MS analysis on a microfluidic chip system enabling enantioselective analyses at the nanoliter scale. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:2614-2624. [PMID: 34008641 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00078k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we introduce an approach to merge droplet microfluidics with an HPLC/MS functionality on a single chip to analyze the contents of individual droplets. This is achieved by a mechanical rotor-stator interface that precisely positions a microstructured PEEK rotor on a microfluidic chip in a pressure-tight manner. The developed full-body fused silica chip, manufactured by selective laser-induced etching, contained a segmented microflow compartment followed by a packed HPLC channel, which were interconnected by the microfluidic PEEK rotor on the fused silica lid with hair-thin through-holes. This enabled the targeted and leakage-free transfer of 10 nL fractions of droplets as small as 25 nL from the segmented microflow channel into the HPLC compartment that operated at pressures of up to 60 bar. In a proof of concept study, this approach was successfully applied to monitor reactions at the nanoliter scale and to distinguish the formed enantiomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian K Piendl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Thomas Schönfelder
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF), Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Polack
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Laura Weigelt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Till van der Zwaag
- Institut für Energie - und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Teutenberg
- Institut für Energie - und Umwelttechnik e. V., Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Erik Beckert
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering (IOF), Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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10
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Peretzki AJ, Schmidt S, Flachowsky E, Das A, Gerhardt RF, Belder D. How electrospray potentials can disrupt droplet microfluidics and how to prevent this. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:4456-4465. [PMID: 33103684 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00936a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A pressure-resistant microfluidic glass chip that integrates a packed-bed HPLC column, a droplet generator and a monolithic electrospray emitter is presented. This approach enables a seamless coupling of chip-HPLC and droplet microfluidics with ESI-MS detection. For the electrical contacting of the emitter, an electrode was integrated into the channel, which reaches up to the emitter tip. The incidental finding that under certain circumstances, the electrospray potential can strongly disturb the droplet microfluidics by electrowetting, was investigated in detail. Strategies to avoid this are evaluated and include electrical shielding and/or chip layouts, where the droplet generator is positioned at a long distance from the emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J Peretzki
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Johannisallee 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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11
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Hartner NT, Raddatz CR, Thoben C, Piendl SK, Zimmermann S, Belder D. On-Line Coupling of Chip-Electrochromatography and Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15129-15136. [PMID: 33143411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We report the first hyphenation of chip-electrochromatography (ChEC) with ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). This approach combines the separation power of two electrokinetically driven separation techniques, the first in liquid phase and the second in gas phase, with a label-free detection of the analytes. For achieving this, a microfluidic glass chip incorporating a monolithic separation column, a nanofluidic liquid junction for providing post-column electrical contact, and a monolithically integrated electrospray emitter was developed. This device was successfully coupled to a custom-built high-resolution drift tube IMS with shifted potentials. After proof-of-concept studies in which a mixture of five model compounds was analyzed in less than 80 s, this first ChEC-IMS system was applied to a more complex sample, the analysis of herbicides spiked in the wine matrix. The use of ChEC before IMS detection not only facilitated the peak allocation and increased the peak capacity but also enabled analyte quantification. As both, ChEC and IMS work at ambient conditions and are driven by high voltages, no bulky pumping systems are needed, neither for the hydrodynamic pumping of the mobile phase as in high-performance liquid chromatography nor for generating a vacuum system as in mass spectrometry. Accordingly, the approach has great potential as a portable analytical system for field analysis of complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora T Hartner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian-Robert Raddatz
- Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, Appelstraße 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Christian Thoben
- Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, Appelstraße 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sebastian K Piendl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Leibniz University Hannover, Appelstraße 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Li K, Hu W, Zhou Y, Dou X, Wang X, Zhang B, Guo G. Single-particle-frit-based packed columns for microchip chromatographic analysis of neurotransmitters. Talanta 2020; 215:120896. [PMID: 32312441 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of effective microchip liquid chromatography (LC) systems tends to be limited by the availability of suitable chromatographic columns. Herein, we developed a glass microchip LC system in which porous single-particle silica was adopted as frits and a freeze-thaw valve was utilized to achieve sample injection without interfering with sampling. The fabrication of single-particle-frit-based packed columns did not require an additional packing channel, thus avoiding dead volumes within the channel interface that can influence chromatographic separation. Further, the length of the packed column could be adjusted using the location of single-particle frits within the column channel. The fabricated frits exhibited high mechanical strength, good permeability, and tolerance for high pressures during chromatographic separation. In particular, the developed microchip LC system was able to withstand high separation pressures of more than 5000 psi. The microchip LC system was applied to the separation of neurotransmitters. Three different monoamine neurotransmitters were completely separated within 5 min with theoretical plate numbers on the order of 100,000 plates m-1. The microchip LC system has a potential for application in a variety of fields including environmental analysis, food safety, drug analysis, and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Wangyan Hu
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Yingyan Zhou
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Xiangnan Dou
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Guangsheng Guo
- Center of Excellence for Environmental Safety and Biological Effects, Beijing Key Laboratory for Green Catalysis and Separation, Department of Chemistry and Chemistry Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, PR China.
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13
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Piendl SK, Geissler D, Weigelt L, Belder D. Multiple Heart-Cutting Two-Dimensional Chip-HPLC Combined with Deep-UV Fluorescence and Mass Spectrometric Detection. Anal Chem 2020; 92:3795-3803. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian K. Piendl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Geissler
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Weigelt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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14
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Passamonti M, Bremer IL, Nawada SH, Currivan SA, Gargano AFG, Schoenmakers PJ. Confinement of Monolithic Stationary Phases in Targeted Regions of 3D-Printed Titanium Devices Using Thermal Polymerization. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2589-2596. [PMID: 31876153 PMCID: PMC7003155 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have prepared thermally initiated polymeric monolithic stationary phases within discrete regions of 3D-printed titanium devices. The devices were created with controllable hot and cold regions. The monolithic stationary phases were first locally created in capillaries inserted into the channels of the titanium devices. The homogeneity of the monolith structure and the interface length were studied by scanning a capacitively coupled conductivity contactless detector (C4D) along the length of the capillary. Homogeneous monolithic structures could be obtained within a titanium device equipped with a hot and cold jacket connected to two water baths. The confinement method was optimized in capillaries. The sharpest interfaces (between monolith and empty channel) were obtained with the hot region maintained at 70 °C and the cold region at 4 or 10 °C, with the latter temperature yielding better repeatability. The optimized conditions were used to create monoliths bound directly to the walls of the titanium channels. The fabricated monoliths were successfully used to separate a mixture of four intact proteins using reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Further chromatographic characterization showed a permeability (Kf) of ∼4 × 10-15 m2 and a total porosity of 60%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Passamonti
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, 1090GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ischa L. Bremer
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, 1090GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suhas H. Nawada
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, 1090GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sinéad A. Currivan
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, 1090GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
for Research in Engineering Surface Technology, Technological University Dublin, FOCAS Institute, Camden Row, Dublin 8, Ireland
| | - Andrea F. G. Gargano
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, 1090GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J. Schoenmakers
- Van’t
Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University
of Amsterdam, 1090GD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre
for Analytical Sciences Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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15
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Adamopoulou T, Deridder S, Bos TS, Nawada S, Desmet G, Schoenmakers PJ. Optimizing design and employing permeability differences to achieve flow confinement in devices for spatial multidimensional liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1612:460665. [PMID: 31727357 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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On-chip integration of normal phase high-performance liquid chromatography and droplet microfluidics introducing ethylene glycol as polar continuous phase for the compartmentalization of n-heptane eluents. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1612:460653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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17
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Kaplitz AS, Kresge GA, Selover B, Horvat L, Franklin EG, Godinho JM, Grinias KM, Foster SW, Davis JJ, Grinias JP. High-Throughput and Ultrafast Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2019; 92:67-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S. Kaplitz
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Glenn A. Kresge
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Benjamin Selover
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Leah Horvat
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | | | - Justin M. Godinho
- Advanced Materials Technology, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware 19810, United States
| | - Kaitlin M. Grinias
- Analytical Platforms & Platform Modernization, GlaxoSmithKline, Upper Providence, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Samuel W. Foster
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Joshua J. Davis
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - James P. Grinias
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
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18
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Piendl SK, Raddatz CR, Hartner NT, Thoben C, Warias R, Zimmermann S, Belder D. 2D in Seconds: Coupling of Chip-HPLC with Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7613-7620. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian K. Piendl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian-Robert Raddatz
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Appelstrasse 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Nora T. Hartner
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Thoben
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Appelstrasse 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Rico Warias
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Department of Sensors and Measurement Technology, Appelstrasse 9A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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19
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Warias R, Zaghi A, Heiland JJ, Piendl SK, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH, Massi A, Belder D. An Integrated Lab‐on‐a‐chip Approach to Study Heterogeneous Enantioselective Catalysts at the Microscale. ChemCatChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201801637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rico Warias
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
| | - Anna Zaghi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Luigi Borsari 46 Ferrara I-441213 Italy
| | - Josef J. Heiland
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
| | - Sebastian K. Piendl
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
| | - Kerry Gilmore
- Biomolecular Systems DepartmentMax-Planck-Institute for Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Postdam D-014476 Germany
| | - Peter H. Seeberger
- Biomolecular Systems DepartmentMax-Planck-Institute for Colloids and Interfaces Am Mühlenberg 1 Postdam D-014476 Germany
- Freie Universität Berlin Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry Arnimallee 22 Berlin 14195 Germany
| | - Alessandro Massi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of Ferrara Luigi Borsari 46 Ferrara I-441213 Italy
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical ChemistryLeipzig University Linnéstraße 03 Leipzig D-04103 Germany
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20
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Kecskemeti A, Gaspar A. Particle-based liquid chromatographic separations in microfluidic devices - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1021:1-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Haghighi F, Talebpour Z, Nezhad AS. Towards fully integrated liquid chromatography on a chip: Evolution and evaluation. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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22
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilong Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Richard D Oleschuk
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University , Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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23
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Gerhardt RF, Peretzki AJ, Piendl SK, Belder D. Seamless Combination of High-Pressure Chip-HPLC and Droplet Microfluidics on an Integrated Microfluidic Glass Chip. Anal Chem 2017; 89:13030-13037. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Renata F. Gerhardt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andrea J. Peretzki
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian K. Piendl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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24
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Lynch KB, Chen A, Liu S. Miniaturized high-performance liquid chromatography instrumentation. Talanta 2017; 177:94-103. [PMID: 29108588 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Miniaturized high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has attracted increasing attention for its potential in high-throughput analyses and point-of-care applications. In this review we highlight the recent advancements in HPLC system miniaturization. We focus on the major components that constitute these instruments along with their respective advantages and drawbacks as well as present a few representative miniaturized HPLC systems. We discuss briefly some of the applications and also anticipate the future development trends of these instrumental platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle B Lynch
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, USA.
| | - Apeng Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, USA
| | - Shaorong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, USA
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25
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Heiland JJ, Lotter C, Stein V, Mauritz L, Belder D. Temperature Gradient Elution and Superheated Eluents in Chip-HPLC. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3266-3271. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Josef J. Heiland
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten Lotter
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Volkmar Stein
- Fraunhofer ICT-IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Straße
18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany
| | - Laura Mauritz
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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26
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Solid supports for extraction and preconcentration of proteins and peptides in microfluidic devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 955:1-26. [PMID: 28088276 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determination of proteins and peptides is among the main challenges of today's bioanalytical chemistry. The application of microchip technology in this field is an exhaustively developed concept that aims to create integrated and fully automated analytical devices able to quantify or detect one or several proteins from a complex matrix. Selective extraction and preconcentration of targeted proteins and peptides especially from biological fluids is of the highest importance for a successful realization of these microsystems. Incorporation of solid structures or supports is a convenient solution employed to face these demands. This review presents a critical view on the latest achievements in sample processing techniques for protein determination using solid supports in microfluidics. The study covers the period from 2006 to 2015 and focuses mainly on the strategies based on microbeads, monolithic materials and membranes. Less common approaches are also briefly discussed. The reviewed literature suggests future trends which are discussed in the concluding remarks.
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27
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Microscope-assisted UV-initiated preparation of well-defined porous polymer monolithic plugs in glass microchips for peptide preconcentration. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 409:2155-2162. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-0161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Heiland JJ, Warias R, Lotter C, Mauritz L, Fuchs PJW, Ohla S, Zeitler K, Belder D. On-chip integration of organic synthesis and HPLC/MS analysis for monitoring stereoselective transformations at the micro-scale. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 17:76-81. [PMID: 27896351 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01217e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present a microfluidic system, seamlessly integrating microflow and microbatch synthesis with a HPLC/nano-ESI-MS functionality on a single glass chip. The microfluidic approach allows to efficiently steer and dispense sample streams down to the nanoliter-range for studying reactions in quasi real-time. In a proof-of-concept study, the system was applied to explore amino-catalyzed reactions, including asymmetric iminium-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylations in microflow and micro confined reaction vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef J Heiland
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Rico Warias
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Carsten Lotter
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Laura Mauritz
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Patrick J W Fuchs
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee. 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Ohla
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Zeitler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Johannisallee. 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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29
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Lotter C, Poehler E, Heiland JJ, Mauritz L, Belder D. Enantioselective reaction monitoring utilizing two-dimensional heart-cut liquid chromatography on an integrated microfluidic chip. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:4648-4652. [PMID: 27824367 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc01138a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Chip-integrated, two-dimensional high performance liquid chromatography is introduced to monitor enantioselective continuous micro-flow synthesis. The herein described development of the first two-dimensional HPLC-chip was realized by the integration of two different columns packed with reversed-phase and chiral stationary phase material on a microfluidic glass chip, coupled to mass spectrometry. Directed steering of the micro-flows at the joining transfer cross enabled a heart-cut operation mode to transfer the chiral compound of interest from the first to the second chromatographic dimension. This allows for an interference-free determination of the enantiomeric excess by seamless hyphenation to electrospray mass spectrometry. The application for rapid reaction optimization at micro-flow conditions is exemplarily shown for the asymmetric organocatalytic continuous micro-flow synthesis of warfarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lotter
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Elisabeth Poehler
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Josef J Heiland
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Laura Mauritz
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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30
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Li X, Wei S, Sun Y, Sun Q, Liang L, Zhang B, Piao H, Song D, Wang X. Glass slides functionalized by 1-carboxyethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride for the determination of triazine herbicides in rice using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4585-4591. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinpei Li
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Shigang Wei
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Qun Sun
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Li Liang
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Huilan Piao
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Wang
- College of Chemistry; Jilin University; Changchun P. R. China
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31
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Dietze C, Schulze S, Ohla S, Gilmore K, Seeberger PH, Belder D. Integrated on-chip mass spectrometry reaction monitoring in microfluidic devices containing porous polymer monolithic columns. Analyst 2016; 141:5412-6. [PMID: 27373801 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01467d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Chip-based microfluidics enable the seamless integration of different functions into single devices. Here, we present microfluidic chips containing porous polymer monolithic columns as a means to facilitate chemical transformations as well as both downstream chromatographic separation and mass spectrometric analysis. Rapid liquid phase lithography prototyping creates the multifunctional device economically.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dietze
- Institut für Analytische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Linnéstr. 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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32
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Abstract
This review focuses on recent advances in the field of microfluidic liquid chromatography from January 2013 through April 2015. Articles are organized by the type of stationary phase support focusing on device fabrication, column preparation, and use for specific applications. Additionally, a comprehensive table comparing chromatographic figures of merit for the work described is included as Appendix A as a reference for readers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P. Grinias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
MI 48109, USA
| | - Robert T. Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor,
MI 48109, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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33
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Groarke RJ, Brabazon D. Methacrylate Polymer Monoliths for Separation Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 9:E446. [PMID: 28773570 PMCID: PMC5456823 DOI: 10.3390/ma9060446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the development of methacrylate-based polymer monoliths for separation science applications. An introduction to monoliths is presented, followed by the preparation methods and characteristics specific to methacrylate monoliths. Both traditional chemical based syntheses and emerging additive manufacturing methods are presented along with an analysis of the different types of functional groups, which have been utilized with methacrylate monoliths. The role of methacrylate based porous materials in separation science in industrially important chemical and biological separations are discussed, with particular attention given to the most recent developments and challenges associated with these materials. While these monoliths have been shown to be useful for a wide variety of applications, there is still scope for exerting better control over the porous architectures and chemistries obtained from the different fabrication routes. Conclusions regarding this previous work are drawn and an outlook towards future challenges and potential developments in this vibrant research area are presented. Discussed in particular are the potential of additive manufacturing for the preparation of monolithic structures with pre-defined multi-scale porous morphologies and for the optimization of surface reactive chemistries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Groarke
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- National Sensor Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Dermot Brabazon
- Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Collins Avenue, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- National Sensor Research Centre, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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34
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Dietze C, Hackl C, Gerhardt R, Seim S, Belder D. Chip-based electrochromatography coupled to ESI-MS detection. Electrophoresis 2016; 37:1345-52. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Dietze
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Claudia Hackl
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Renata Gerhardt
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Stephan Seim
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
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35
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Lotter C, Heiland JJ, Thurmann S, Mauritz L, Belder D. HPLC-MS with Glass Chips Featuring Monolithically Integrated Electrospray Emitters of Different Geometries. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2856-63. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Lotter
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josef J. Heiland
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Thurmann
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Laura Mauritz
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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36
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Thurmann S, Lotter C, Heiland JJ, Chankvetadze B, Belder D. Chip-Based High-Performance Liquid Chromatography for High-Speed Enantioseparations. Anal Chem 2015; 87:5568-76. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Thurmann
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Carsten Lotter
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Josef J. Heiland
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Department
of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural
Sciences, Tbilisi State University, 0179 Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstraße 3, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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37
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ISHIDA A, FUJII M, FUJIMOTO T, SASAKI S, YANAGISAWA I, TANI H, TOKESHI M. A Portable Liquid Chromatograph with a Battery-operated Compact Electroosmotic Pump and a Microfluidic Chip Device with a Reversed Phase Packed Column. ANAL SCI 2015; 31:1163-9. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.31.1163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko ISHIDA
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Mitsutaka FUJII
- Nano Fusion Technologies, Inc., c/o B-M202 Collaborative Research (CCR) Bldg., Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takehiro FUJIMOTO
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Shunsuke SASAKI
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Ichiro YANAGISAWA
- Nano Fusion Technologies, Inc., c/o B-M202 Collaborative Research (CCR) Bldg., Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo
| | - Hirofumi TANI
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
| | - Manabu TOKESHI
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University
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