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Weise C, Fischer J, Belder D. Mass spectrometry coupling of chip-based supercritical fluid chromatography enabled by make-up flow-assisted backpressure regulation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:4447-4456. [PMID: 38907770 PMCID: PMC11294422 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05381-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
This work introduces a novel microfluidic backpressure pressure control developed for chip-based supercritical fluid chromatography (chipSFC). The presented on-chip pressure control mechanism involves the post-column addition of a viscous make-up stream, which enables pressure regulation within the range of 73 to 130 bar range. In contrast to approaches using mechanical backpressure regulators, this chip-based make-up-assisted pressure regulation offers a wear-free alternative that functions entirely through fluidic means and contributes minimally to extra column volume. It prevents phase separation of the supercritical mobile phase and, therefore, expands the analytical scope of chipSFC to detection systems with an ambient pressure interface. This was demonstrated by a proof-of-principle experiment, where a model mixture was separated within 30 s and detected using atmospheric pressure ionisation mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Weise
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Johannes Fischer
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Detlev Belder
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Leipzig, Linnéstrasse 3, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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2
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Tisler S, Savvidou P, Jørgensen MB, Castro M, Christensen JH. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Coupled to High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Reveals Persistent Mobile Organic Compounds with Unknown Toxicity in Wastewater Effluents. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37307429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c00120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Broad screening approaches for monitoring wastewater are normally based on reversed-phase liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). This method is not sufficient for the very polar micropollutants, neglected in the past due to a lack of suitable analytical methods. In this study, we used supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) to detect very polar and yet-undetected micropollutants in wastewater effluents. We tentatively identified 85 compounds, whereas 18 have only rarely been detected and 11 have not previously been detected in wastewater effluents such as 17α-hydroxypregnenolone, a likely transformation product (TP) of steroids, and 1H-indole-3-carboxamide, a likely TP from new synthetic cannabinoids. Suspect screening of 25 effluent wastewater samples from 8 wastewater treatment plants revealed several distinct potential pollution sources such as a pharmaceutical company and a golf court. The analysis of the same samples with LC-HRMS showed clearly how SFC increases the ionization efficiency for low-molecular-weight micropollutants (m/z < 300 Da) by a factor 2 to 87 times, which significantly improved the mass spectra for identifying very polar compounds. In order to assess which micropollutants might be of environmental concern, literature and toxicological databases were screened. There was a lack of available hazard and bio-activity data for regulatory-relevant in vitro and in vivo assays for >50% of the micropollutants. Especially, 70% of the data were lacking for the whole organism (in vivo) tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Tisler
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Pinelopi Savvidou
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | | | - Mafalda Castro
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jan H Christensen
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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3
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Fujito Y, Izumi Y, Nakatani K, Takahashi M, Hayakawa Y, Takayama M, Bamba T. Understanding the mechanism of CO 2-Assisted electrospray ionization for parameter optimization in supercritical fluid chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1246:340863. [PMID: 36764769 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.340863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) is often coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) for analyte detection because of its detection capability to a wide range of chemical properties. However, MS sensitivity is highly dependent on the chromatographic conditions, so that it is important to understand the ionization mechanism to determine the optimal chromatographic conditions. The ionization mechanism in SFC/ESI-MS is different to that of liquid chromatography because of the use of CO2 as a mobile phase. Some studies have suggested that alkoxycarbonic acids are formed in the mixture of CO2 and the alcohol modifier, and these species contribute to ionization in CO2-assisted SFC/ESI-MS. Therefore, in this study, we investigated CO2-assisted ESI to test this hypothesis, and we confirmed that methoxylcarbonic acid is generated in CO2/methanol mixtures and contributed to ion generation and detection because it acts as a proton donor in positive-ion mode. However, methoxylcarbonic acid interfered with ionization in negative-ion mode. Addition of ammonium acetate, which is often added to the modifier for negative ion detection in SFC/MS analysis, did not contribute to the recovery of MS sensitivity, although it tended to suppress the formation of metoxylcarbonic acid. This is likely due to ion suppression and neutralization of the negative sites of the analytes by anions or cations derived from ammonium acetate in the negative ion mode. Thus, additive-free methanol/CO2 was the most suitable mobile phase for obtaining high sensitivity in SFC/MS. To demonstrate the practicality of these findings, we tested our optimal mobile phase selection for pesticide analysis. In addition, we tested the addition of 0, 1, and 5 mM ammonium formate to the modifier and make-up solvent, and found that the addition of 1 mM ammonium formate gave the best results in pesticides analysis. In SFC/MS, salt is often added to improve separation or prevent desorption, but our findings suggest that the concentration of salt must be kept as low as possible to achieve highly sensitive MS detection. The results of this study reveal the best selection of the optimal conditions for the modifier and make-up solvent for CO2-assisted SFC/MS analysis and will be useful for the method development in SFC/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Fujito
- Division of Analytical and Measuring Instruments, Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Kuwabaracho Nishinokyo Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8511, Japan; Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kohta Nakatani
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Hayakawa
- Division of Analytical and Measuring Instruments, Shimadzu Corporation, 1 Kuwabaracho Nishinokyo Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, 604-8511, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Takayama
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan; Division of Metabolomics/Mass Spectrometry Center, Medical Research Center for High Depth Omics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Mostafa ME, Grinias JP, Edwards JL. Supercritical Fluid Nanospray Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:1825-1832. [PMID: 36049155 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Supercritical fluids are typically electrosprayed using an organic solvent makeup flow to facilitate continuous electrical connection and enhancement of electrospray stability. This results in sample dilution, loss in sensitivity, and potential phase separation. Premixing the supercritical fluid with organic solvent has shown substantial benefits to electrospray efficiency and increased analyte charge state. Presented here is a nanospray mass spectrometry system for supercritical fluids (nSF-MS). This split flow system used small i.d. capillaries, heated interface, inline frit, and submicron emitter tips to electrospray quaternary alkyl amines solvated in supercritical CO2 with a 10% methanol modifier. Analyte signal response was evaluated as a function of total system flow rate (0.5-1.5 mL/min) that is split to nanospray a supercritical fluid with linear flow rates between 0.07 and 0.42 cm/sec and pressure ranges (15-25 MPa). The nSF system showed mass-sensitive detection based on increased signal intensity for increasing capillary i.d. and analyte injection volume. These effects indicate efficient solvent evaporation for the analysis of quaternary amines. Carrier additives generally decreased signal intensity. Comparison of the nSF-MS system to the conventional SF makeup flow ESI showed 10-fold signal intensity enhancement across all the capillary i.d.s. The nSF-MS system likely achieves rapid solvent evaporation of the SF at the emitter point. The developed system combined the benefits of the nanoemitters, sCO2, and the low modifier percentage which gave rise to enhancement in MS detection sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elhusseiny Mostafa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
| | - James P Grinias
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Road, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - James L Edwards
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, 3501 Laclede Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63103, United States
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Tisler S, Tüchsen PL, Christensen JH. Non-target screening of micropollutants and transformation products for assessing AOP-BAC treatment in groundwater. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 309:119758. [PMID: 35835278 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Standard monitoring programs give limited insight into groundwater status, especially transformation products (TPs) formed by natural processes or advanced oxidation processes (AOP), are normally underrepresented. In this study, using suspect and non-target screening, we performed a comprehensive analysis of groundwater before and after AOP by UV/H2O2 and consecutively installed biological activated carbon filters (BAC). By non-target screening, up to 413 compounds were detected in the groundwater, with an average 70% removal by AOP. However, a similar number of compounds were formed during the process, shown in groundwater from three waterworks. The most polar compounds were typically the most stable during the AOP. A subsequent BAC filter showed removal of 95% of the TPs, but only 46% removal of the AOP remaining precursors. The BAC removal for polar compounds was highly dependent on the acidic and basic functional groups of the molecules. 49 compounds of a wide polarity range could be identified by supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) and liquid chromatography (LC) with high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS); of these, 29 compounds were already present in the groundwater. To the best of our knowledge, five compounds have never been reported before in groundwater (4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid, dibutylamine, N-phenlybenzenesulfonamide, 2-(methylthio)benzothiazole and benzothiazole-2-sulfonate). A further five rarely reported compounds are reported for the first time in Danish groundwater (2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorobenzenesulfonic acid, trifluormethansulfonic acid, pyrimidinol and benzymethylamine). Twenty of the identified compounds were formed by AOP, of which 10 have never been reported before in groundwater. All detected compounds could be related to agricultural and industrial products as well as artificial sweeteners. Whereas dechlorination was a common AOP degradation pathway for chlorophenols, the (ultra-) short chain PFAs showed no removal in our study. We prioritized 11 compounds as of concern, however, the toxicity for many compounds remains unknown, especially for the TPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Tisler
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
| | | | - Jan H Christensen
- Analytical Chemistry Group, Department of Plant and Environmental Science, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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6
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Si-Hung L, Izumi Y, Nakao M, Takahashi M, Bamba T. Investigation of supercritical fluid chromatography retention behaviors using quantitative structure-retention relationships. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1197:339463. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Gazárková T, Plachká K, Svec F, Nováková L. Current state of supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Si-Hung L, Bamba T. Current state and future perspectives of supercritical fluid chromatography. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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9
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Chen L, Dean B, Liang X. A technical overview of supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) and its recent applications in pharmaceutical research and development. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2021; 40:69-75. [PMID: 34916026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2021.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we review the growing development and applications of supercritical fluid chromatography-mass spectrometry (SFC-MS) for the analysis of small molecular analytes and biomarkers in drug discovery. As an alternative chromatographic technique, SFC instrumentation and methodology have dramatically advanced over the last decade. Mass spectrometry (MS) provides the powerful detection capability as it couples with SFC. A growing number of SFC-MS/MS applications were reported over the last decade and the application areas of SFC-MS/MS is rapidly expanding. The first part of this review is devoted to the different aspects of SFC-MS development and recent technological advancements. In the second part of this review, we highlight the recent application areas in pharmaceutical research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxi Chen
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, 1 DNA way, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Brian Dean
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, 1 DNA way, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Xiaorong Liang
- Drug Metabolism & Pharmacokinetics, 1 DNA way, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
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10
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Toribio L, Bernal J, Martín MT, Ares AM. Supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry: A valuable tool in food analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Losacco GL, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Metamorphosis of supercritical fluid chromatography: A viable tool for the analysis of polar compounds? Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Si‐Hung L, Bamba T. A review of retention mechanism studies for packed column supercritical fluid chromatography. ANALYTICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 2:47-67. [PMID: 38715740 PMCID: PMC10989630 DOI: 10.1002/ansa.202000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The packed column supercritical fluid chromatography has risen as a promising alternative separation technique to the conventional liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Although the packed column supercritical fluid chromatography has many advantages compared to other chromatographic techniques, its separation mechanism is not fully understood due to the complex combination effects of many chromatographic parameters on separation quality and the lacking of global strategies for studying separation mechanisms. This review aims to provide recent information regarding the chromatographic behaviors and the effects of the parameters on the separation, discuss the results, and point out the remaining bottlenecks in the packed column supercritical fluid chromatography retention mechanism studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Si‐Hung
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of BioregulationKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of BioregulationKyushu UniversityFukuokaJapan
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13
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Application of Chiral and Achiral Supercritical Fluid Chromatography in Pesticide Analysis: A Review. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1634:461684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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14
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Gordillo R. Supercritical fluid chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry for metabolomics applications. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:448-463. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
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15
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Gradient supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry with a gradient flow of make-up solvent for enantioseparation of cathinones. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1625:461286. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Pérez-Mayán L, Cobo-Golpe M, Ramil M, Cela R, Rodríguez I. Evaluation of supercritical fluid chromatography accurate mass spectrometry for neonicotinoid compounds determination in wine samples. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1620:460963. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.460963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Akbal L, Hopfgartner G. Hyphenation of packed column supercritical fluid chromatography with mass spectrometry: where are we and what are the remaining challenges? Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6667-6677. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
Metabolomics is the comprehensive study of small-molecule metabolites. Obtaining a wide coverage of the metabolome is challenging because of the broad range of physicochemical properties of the small molecules. To study the compounds of interest spectroscopic (NMR), spectrometric (MS) and separation techniques (LC, GC, supercritical fluid chromatography, CE) are used. The choice for a given technique is influenced by the sample matrix, the concentration and properties of the metabolites, and the amount of sample. This review discusses the most commonly used analytical techniques for metabolomic studies, including their advantages, drawbacks and some applications.
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Yousefi M, Rahimi-Nasrabadi M, Mirsadeghi S, Pourmortazavi SM. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Pesticides and Insecticides from Food Samples and Plant Materials. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:482-501. [PMID: 32295402 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1743965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The principal intention of this study is presenting the attempts carried out for extracting, separating, and determining of the pesticide and insecticide residues existing in food and plant samples. In this regard, a set of content, including the explanations about the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), supercritical fluid chromatography, and various types of pesticides are indicated. Besides, the parameters affecting the pesticides extraction composed of temperature, pressure, modifier, drying agent, and so on are discussed. Also, examples of insecticides extraction by SFE technique as an important subset of pesticides are indicated. Along with these items, some interesting works, concerning the innovations implemented in the field of SFE of pesticide and insecticide residues from foodstuff and plants are depicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Yousefi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahimi-Nasrabadi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mirsadeghi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1411713137, Tehran, Iran
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Chang W, Nie J, Geng Y, Zhang D, Wang Q, Farooq S. Etoxazole stereoselective determination, bioaccumulation, and resulting oxidative stress in Danio rerio (zebrafish). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 192:110287. [PMID: 32036102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
An environmentally-friendly and fast analytical method for the stereoselective determination of etoxazole was developed and then applied to estimate stereoselective bioaccumulation and elimination in zebrafish using SFC-MS/MS. Optimal enantioseparation conditions were determined using a Chiralpak IG-3 column and CO2/MeOH mobile phase (80/20, v/v), at 3.0 mL/min within 1 min, 30°Me and 18 MPa. A modified QuEChERS method was developed for zebrafish sample pretreatment, and mean recoveries were 88.43-110.12% with relative standard deviations ranging from 0.32 to 5.34%. The enantioselectives of etoxazole enantiomers in zebrafish during uptake and depuration phases were evaluated. Significant enantioselective bioaccumulation was observed, with preferential accumulation of (-)-R-etoxazole compared to its antipode, during uptake at both low and high exposure concentrations. The toxic effects of etoxazole on zebrafish were further explored, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined in liver of zebrafish. Significant changes were observed in the SOD and GST activities and in the MDA levels, which indicated the occurrence of oxidative stress in liver of zebrafish. The toxic effects exhibited time- and dose-dependent properties. These results can facilitate the accurate risk evaluation of etoxazole and provide basic knowledge for further study of biotoxicity mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixia Chang
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xingcheng, 125100, China
| | - Jiyun Nie
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xingcheng, 125100, China; College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Yue Geng
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Danyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product Quality Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Tianjin, 300191, China
| | - Saqib Farooq
- Institute of Pomology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Xingcheng, 125100, China
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21
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Xhaferaj M, Naegele E, Parr MK. Ion exchange in supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS): Application for polar and ionic drugs and metabolites in forensic and anti-doping analysis. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1614:460726. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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22
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Hofstetter RK, Hasan M, Fassauer GM, Bock C, Surur AS, Behnisch S, Grathwol CW, Potlitz F, Oergel T, Siegmund W, Link A. Simultaneous quantification of acidic and basic flupirtine metabolites by supercritical fluid chromatography according to European Medicines Agency validation. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1603:338-347. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.04.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Supercritical fluid chromatography – Mass spectrometry: Recent evolution and current trends. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Maasz G, Mayer M, Zrinyi Z, Molnar E, Kuzma M, Fodor I, Pirger Z, Takács P. Spatiotemporal variations of pharmacologically active compounds in surface waters of a summer holiday destination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 677:545-555. [PMID: 31063896 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The release of pharmacologically active compounds (PhACs) into aquatic ecosystems poses an environmental risk resulting in a chronic exposure of non-target organisms. A great variety of PhACs, of generally low concentrations, and the complicated sample preparation, makes circumstantial the accurate detection and quantification. Additionally, there is little information published about the spatiotemporal variation of the PhAC load in a larger catchment area utilised for touristic purposes. In addition to the natural biotic and abiotic changes, the seasonal variation of tourism also has a dramatic impact on water quality and the natural ecosystem in larger catchment areas. Therefore, our aim was to develop a reliable solid-phase extraction (SPE)-supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SFC-MS/MS) method for simultaneous multi-residue analysis of drugs to reveal the spatiotemporal changes in the PhAC contaminations in the waters of an important touristic region, the catchment area of the largest shallow lake in Central Europe, Lake Balaton (Hungary). The environmental application of the developed method revealed 69 out of the traced 134 chemical compounds, including 15 PhACs, which were detected from natural waters for the first time. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) loads have a major role in the PhAC contamination of the studied area; at the same time, the mass tourism-induced PhAC contamination was also detectable. Furthermore, the impact of tourism was indicated by elevated concentrations of recreational substances (e.g., caffeine and illicit drugs) in the touristic season affecting the water quality of this important summer holiday destination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabor Maasz
- NAP Adaptive Neuroethology, Department of Experimental Zoology, Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA-Centre for Ecological Research, 8237 Tihany, Hungary.
| | - Matyas Mayer
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Zita Zrinyi
- NAP Adaptive Neuroethology, Department of Experimental Zoology, Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA-Centre for Ecological Research, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Eva Molnar
- NAP Adaptive Neuroethology, Department of Experimental Zoology, Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA-Centre for Ecological Research, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Monika Kuzma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, University of Pecs, 7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Istvan Fodor
- NAP Adaptive Neuroethology, Department of Experimental Zoology, Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA-Centre for Ecological Research, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Pirger
- NAP Adaptive Neuroethology, Department of Experimental Zoology, Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA-Centre for Ecological Research, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
| | - Péter Takács
- Department of Hydrozoology, Balaton Limnological Institute, MTA-Centre for Ecological Research, 8237 Tihany, Hungary
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He PX, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Li GH, Zhang JW, Feng XS. Supercritical fluid chromatography-a technical overview and its applications in medicinal plant analysis: an update covering 2012-2018. Analyst 2019; 144:5324-5352. [PMID: 31348475 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00826h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants with complex matrices are endowed with a wide scope of biological activities. The separation, quantification, characterization and purification of bioactive components from herbal medicine extracts have always challenged analysts. Fortunately, the advancement of various emerging techniques has provided potent support for improving the method selectivity, sensitivity and run speeds in medicinal plant analyses. In recent years, the advent of new-generation supercritical fluid chromatography (SFC) instruments and a wide diversity of column chemistries, coupled with the intrinsic technical features of SFC, have made it an alternative and prominent analytical platform in the medicinal plant research area. This work aims to give a comprehensive overview of the fundamentals, technical advancement and investigating parameters of SFC in combination with three prevalent detectors. Moreover, the latest research progress of SFC applications in medicinal plant analyses is illuminated, with focus on herbal medicine-related SFC papers on the analytical and preparative scale that were published during the period of 2012 to December 2018. The most relevant applications were classified based on the constituents to be analysed. As for the respective research cases, analytical protocols and data processing strategies were provided, along with the indicated restrictions or superiority of the method; thus, the current status of SFC in medicinal plant analysis was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Xia He
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Guo-Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xue-Song Feng
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Duval J, Colas C, Bonnet P, Lesellier E. Hyphenation of ultra-high performance supercritical fluid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation high resolution mass spectrometry: Part 2. Study of chromatographic and mass spectrometry parameters for the analysis of natural non-polar compounds. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1596:199-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Yoshioka T, Izumi Y, Nagatomi Y, Miyamoto Y, Suzuki K, Bamba T. A highly sensitive determination method for acrylamide in beverages, grains, and confectioneries by supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2019; 294:486-492. [PMID: 31126491 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) analysis is an important topic in food safety. However, it is difficult to rapidly and accurately analyze low concentrations of AA with currently available methods. In the present study, we introduce a highly sensitive method that enables the determination of AA in beverages, grains, and confectioneries by supercritical fluid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (SFC/MS/MS). The sensitivity of the SFC/MS/MS technique is 11-times higher than that obtained by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We demonstrated that the highly sensitive SFC/MS/MS method was able to quantify low concentrations of AA in beverages (i.e., roasted barley tea and coffee) extracts at less than 10 µg kg-1 level without solid-phase purification. Furthermore, the simplification of the sample preparation procedure provided an improvement in data acquisition time (60 samples per 12 h). In conclusion, the developed analytical system is a potentially useful tool for practical AA determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiaki Yoshioka
- Food Safety Laboratories, Asahi Quality & Innovations, LTD., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan; Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Yasushi Nagatomi
- Food Safety Laboratories, Asahi Quality & Innovations, LTD., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan.
| | - Yasuhisa Miyamoto
- Food Safety Laboratories, Asahi Quality & Innovations, LTD., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan.
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Food Safety Laboratories, Asahi Quality & Innovations, LTD., 1-1-21 Midori, Moriya, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Department of Systems Life Sciences, Graduate School of Systems Life Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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Wang S, Qi P, Di S, Wang J, Wu S, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang Q, Wang X, Zhao C, Li Q. Significant role of supercritical fluid chromatography - mass spectrometry in improving the matrix effect and analytical efficiency during multi-pesticides residue analysis of complex chrysanthemum samples. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1074:108-116. [PMID: 31159930 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As an important "food and drug dual-use" product, chrysanthemums are widely used in both botanical medicine and food applications. However, the misuse of pesticides during chrysanthemum cultivation makes pesticide residue monitoring crucial. The aim of the present work was to address this practical demand for the simultaneous determination of multiple pesticide residues in various species of chrysanthemums. Both the sample pre-treatment and instrumental methods were systematically investigated. Seven chrysanthemum samples were extracted using acetonitrile and purified by dispersive solid-phase extraction with amino-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-NH2) and C18 as the cleanup co-adsorbents. After optimizing the amounts of MWCNTs-NH2 and C18, matrix effects could not be avoided during LC-MS/MS analysis of 112 pesticides, although satisfactory recoveries were obtained. The use of SFC-MS/MS was evaluated, which demonstrated the significant positive role of SFC-MS/MS in reducing the matrix effects during pesticide residue analysis. In addition, the use of SFC-MS/MS permitted a shorter run time and afforded greater analytical efficiency. Method validation was further performed to evaluate the linearity, sensitivity, recovery, and precision of the developed method. Good linearity was observed for 92% of the analytes in the concentration range of 2-250 μg L-1 for all seven of the chrysanthemum samples. The LODs of the 112 pesticides ranged from 0.01 to 31.41 μg L-1, depending on the sample, while the mean recoveries of all of the spiked pesticides ranged from 81.8% to 102% for concentrations of 20, 50, and 200 μg kg-1. These results clearly demonstrate the applicability of the developed method for the simultaneous determination of multi-pesticides in various chrysanthemum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaochi Wang
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Peipei Qi
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Shanshan Di
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Jiao Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Shenggan Wu
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Xiangyun Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- Institute of Quality and Standard of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Detection for Pesticide Residues and Control of Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310021, PR China.
| | - Changshan Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
| | - Qiang Li
- Analytical Application Center, Shimadzu (China) Co., LTD, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
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Pilařová V, Plachká K, Khalikova MA, Svec F, Nováková L. Recent developments in supercritical fluid chromatography – mass spectrometry: Is it a viable option for analysis of complex samples? Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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30
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D’Atri V, Fekete S, Clarke A, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Recent Advances in Chromatography for Pharmaceutical Analysis. Anal Chem 2018; 91:210-239. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina D’Atri
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Szabolcs Fekete
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Clarke
- Novartis Pharma AG, Technical Research and Development, Chemical and Analytical Development (CHAD), Basel, CH4056, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Veuthey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU-Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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A Dedicated Mass Spectrometer Tuning Method for SFC–MS and Evaluation of Two Different Linear Restrictor Types Used in the Operation of a Split Flow Pre-Back Pressure Regulator SFC–MS Interface. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3565-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Metabolomics in chronic kidney disease: Strategies for extended metabolome coverage. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 161:313-325. [PMID: 30195171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is becoming a major public health issue as prevalence is increasing worldwide. It also represents a major challenge for the identification of new early biomarkers, understanding of biochemical mechanisms, patient monitoring and prognosis. Each metabolite contained in a biofluid or tissue may play a role as a signal or as a driver in the development or progression of the pathology. Therefore, metabolomics is a highly valuable approach in this clinical context. It aims to provide a representative picture of a biological system, making exhaustive metabolite coverage crucial. Two aspects can be considered: analytical and biological coverage. From an analytical point of view, monitoring all metabolites within one run is currently impossible. Multiple analytical techniques providing orthogonal information should be carried out in parallel for coverage improvement. The biological aspect of metabolome coverage can be enhanced by using multiple biofluids or tissues for in-depth biological investigation, as the analysis of a single sample type is generally insufficient for whole organism extrapolation. Hence, recording of signals from multiple sample types and different analytical platforms generates massive and complex datasets so that chemometric tools, including data fusion approaches and multi-block analysis, are key tools for extracting biological information and for discovery of relevant biomarkers. This review presents the recent developments in the field of metabolomic analysis, from sampling and analytical strategies to chemometric tools, dedicated to the generation and handling of multiple complementary metabolomic datasets enabling extended metabolite coverage to improve our biological knowledge of CKD.
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Shulaev V, Isaac G. Supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry – A metabolomics perspective. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1092:499-505. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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34
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Current trends in supercritical fluid chromatography. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:6441-6457. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1267-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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35
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Hits and misses in research trends to monitor contaminants in foods. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:5331-5351. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Desfontaine V, Losacco GL, Gagnebin Y, Pezzatti J, Farrell WP, González-Ruiz V, Rudaz S, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Applicability of supercritical fluid chromatography - mass spectrometry to metabolomics. I - Optimization of separation conditions for the simultaneous analysis of hydrophilic and lipophilic substances. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1562:96-107. [PMID: 29861304 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.05.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of SFC-MS for the analysis of a wide range of compounds including lipophilic and highly hydrophilic substances (log P values comprised between -6 and 11), for its potential application toward human metabolomics. For this purpose, a generic unified chromatography gradient from 2 to 100% organic modifier in CO2 was systematically applied. In terms of chemistry, the best stationary phases for this application were found to be the Agilent Poroshell HILIC (bare silica) and Macherey-Nagel Nucleoshell HILIC (silica bonded with a zwitterionic ligand). To avoid system overpressure at very high organic modifier proportion, columns of 100 × 3 mm I.D. packed with sub-3 μm superficially porous particles were selected. In terms of organic modifier, a mixture of 95% MeOH and 5% water was selected, with 50 mM ammonium formate and 1 mM ammonium fluoride, to afford good solubility of analytes in the mobile phase, limited retention for the most hydrophilic metabolites and suitable peak shapes of ionizable species. A sample diluent containing 50%ACN/50% water was employed as injection solvent. These conditions were applied to a representative set of metabolites belonging to nucleosides, nucleotides, small organic acids, small bases, sulfated/sulfonated metabolites, poly-alcohols, lipid related substances, quaternary ammonium metabolites, phosphate-based substances, carbohydrates and amino acids. Among all these metabolites, 65% of the compounds were adequately analyzed with excellent peak shape, 23% provided distorted peak shapes, while only 12% were not detected (mostly metabolites having several phosphate or several carboxylic acid groups).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Desfontaine
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Gioacchino Luca Losacco
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Yoric Gagnebin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Julian Pezzatti
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - William P Farrell
- Pfizer, Inc., Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, La Jolla Laboratories, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Víctor González-Ruiz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Serge Rudaz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Veuthey
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Davy Guillarme
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU - Rue Michel Servet 1, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
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Designs and methods for interfacing SFC with MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1091:1-13. [PMID: 29803196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hyphenating SFC with MS is now routinely performed in analytical laboratories. Major instrument providers supply commercial solutions for coupling SFC and MS, which has facilitated wider adoption of the technology. The current status, however, could be achieved based on the work done by many researchers over decades. Interfacing SFC with MS posed some unique challenges, compared to interfacing MS with LC or GC, demanding special solutions. Several interface designs were tried and tested over the years before suitable solutions could be detected. Additional measures, such as (a) mixing SFC mobile-phase with an additional liquid solvent at the column outlet, and (b) heating the interfacing device, had to be adopted to address some specific challenges. Although such modifications and measures look diverse, there is one factor that drove most of them - compressibility of SFC mobile-phase. There are two objectives of this review - (1) to compile various insights which were reported on describing and optimizing SFC-MS interfacing processes, and (2) to link these insights with the fundamental issue of solvent compressibility.
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Takeda H, Izumi Y, Takahashi M, Paxton T, Tamura S, Koike T, Yu Y, Kato N, Nagase K, Shiomi M, Bamba T. Widely-targeted quantitative lipidomics method by supercritical fluid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:1283-1293. [PMID: 29724780 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d083014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipidomics, the mass spectrometry-based comprehensive analysis of lipids, has attracted attention as an analytical approach to provide novel insight into lipid metabolism and to search for biomarkers. However, an ideal method for both comprehensive and quantitative analysis of lipids has not been fully developed. Here, we have proposed a practical methodology for widely targeted quantitative lipidome analysis using supercritical fluid chromatography fast-scanning triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (SFC/QqQMS) and theoretically calculated a comprehensive lipid multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) library. Lipid classes can be separated by SFC with a normal-phase diethylamine-bonded silica column with high resolution, high throughput, and good repeatability. Structural isomers of phospholipids can be monitored by mass spectrometric separation with fatty acyl-based MRM transitions. SFC/QqQMS analysis with an internal standard-dilution method offers quantitative information for both lipid class and individual lipid molecular species in the same lipid class. Additionally, data acquired using this method has advantages, including reduction of misidentification and acceleration of data analysis. Using the SFC/QqQMS system, alteration of plasma lipid levels in myocardial infarction-prone rabbits to the supplementation of EPA was first observed. Our developed SFC/QqQMS method represents a potentially useful tool for in-depth studies focused on complex lipid metabolism and biomarker discovery.-Takeda, H., Y. Izumi, M. Takahashi, T. Paxton, S. Tamura, T. Koike, Y. Yu, N. Kato, K. Nagase, M. Shiomi, and T. Bamba.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Takeda
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Izumi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatomo Takahashi
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Thanai Paxton
- Nihon Waters K.K., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-0001, Japan
| | - Shohei Tamura
- Institute of Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Tomonari Koike
- Institute of Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Ying Yu
- Institute of Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Noriko Kato
- Nihon Waters K.K., Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-0001, Japan
| | | | - Masashi Shiomi
- Institute of Experimental Animals, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Takeshi Bamba
- Division of Metabolomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Shojaeimehr T, Rahimpour F, Schwarze M, Repke JU, Godini HR, Wozny G. Use of RSM for the multivariate, simultaneous multiobjective optimization of the operating conditions of aliphatic carboxylic acids ion-exclusion chromatography column: Quantitative study of hydrodynamic, isotherm, and thermodynamic behavior. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1083:146-159. [PMID: 29547804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the capability of ion exclusion chromatography (IEC) of short chain aliphatic carboxylic acids using a cation exchange column (8% sulfonated cross-linked styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer) in different experimental conditions. Since one of the prerequisites to the development of an efficient carboxylic acid separation process is to obtain the optimum operational conditions, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to develop an approach to evaluate carboxylic acids separation process in IEC columns. The effect of the operating conditions such as column temperature, sulfuric acid concentration as the mobile phase, and the flow rate was studied using Central Composite Face (CCF) design. The optimum operating conditions for the separate injection of lactic acid and acetic acid is temperature of 75 °C, sulfuric acid concentration of 0.003 N for both acids and flow rate of 0.916 (0.886) mL/min for acetic acid (lactic acid). Likewise, the optimum conditions for the simultaneous injection of acetic and lactic acid mixture are the column temperature of 68 °C, sulfuric acid concentration of 0.0003 N, and flow rate of 0.777 mL/min. In the next step, the adsorption equilibria of acetic acid and lactic acid on the stationary phase were investigated through a series of Frontal Analysis (FA), Frontal Analysis by Characteristic Points (FACP), and using Langmuir isotherm model. The results showed an excellent agreement between the model and experimental data. Finally, the results of thermodynamic studies proved that the IEC process for separation of acetic and lactic acid is a spontaneous, feasible, exothermic, and random process with a physical adsorption mechanism. The results of the current paper can be a valuable information in the stages of designing IEC columns for separation of aliphatic carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Shojaeimehr
- Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah 67149-67346, Iran
| | - Farshad Rahimpour
- Biotechnology Research Lab., Faculty of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Razi University, Kermanshah 67149-67346, Iran.
| | - Michael Schwarze
- Institutfür Prozess- und Verfahrenstechnik, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. D. 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Repke
- Chair of Process Dynamics and Operation, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. d. 17. Juni 135/KWT-9, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hamid Reza Godini
- Chair of Process Dynamics and Operation, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. d. 17. Juni 135/KWT-9, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Günter Wozny
- Chair of Process Dynamics and Operation, Technische Universität Berlin, Str. d. 17. Juni 135/KWT-9, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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Cutillas V, Galera MM, Rajski Ł, Fernández-Alba AR. Evaluation of supercritical fluid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for pesticide residues in food. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1545:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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