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Wang MY, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Onodera T, Sun XN, Zhu Q, Li C, Li N, Chen S, Paredes M, Gautron L, Charron MJ, Marciano DK, Gordillo R, Drucker DJ, Scherer PE. Downregulation of the kidney glucagon receptor, essential for renal function and systemic homeostasis, contributes to chronic kidney disease. Cell Metab 2024; 36:575-597.e7. [PMID: 38237602 PMCID: PMC10932880 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The glucagon receptor (GCGR) in the kidney is expressed in nephron tubules. In humans and animal models with chronic kidney disease, renal GCGR expression is reduced. However, the role of kidney GCGR in normal renal function and in disease development has not been addressed. Here, we examined its role by analyzing mice with constitutive or conditional kidney-specific loss of the Gcgr. Adult renal Gcgr knockout mice exhibit metabolic dysregulation and a functional impairment of the kidneys. These mice exhibit hyperaminoacidemia associated with reduced kidney glucose output, oxidative stress, enhanced inflammasome activity, and excess lipid accumulation in the kidney. Upon a lipid challenge, they display maladaptive responses with acute hypertriglyceridemia and chronic proinflammatory and profibrotic activation. In aged mice, kidney Gcgr ablation elicits widespread renal deposition of collagen and fibronectin, indicative of fibrosis. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an essential role of the renal GCGR in normal kidney metabolic and homeostatic functions. Importantly, mice deficient for kidney Gcgr recapitulate some of the key pathophysiological features of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Xue-Nan Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chao Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Megan Paredes
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Laurent Gautron
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Maureen J Charron
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Denise K Marciano
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Daniel J Drucker
- Lunenfeld-TanenbaumResearchInstitute, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G1X5, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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2
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Onodera T, Kim DS, Ye R, Wang MY, Chen S, Field BC, Straub L, Sun XN, Li C, Lee C, Paredes M, Crewe C, Zhao S, Kusminski CM, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Protective roles of adiponectin and molecular signatures of HNF4α and PPARα as downstream targets of adiponectin in pancreatic β cells. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101821. [PMID: 37806486 PMCID: PMC10598053 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease progression of the metabolic syndrome is associated with prolonged hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, eventually giving rise to impaired insulin secretion, often concomitant with hypoadiponectinemia. As an adipose tissue derived hormone, adiponectin is beneficial for insulin secretion and β cell health and differentiation. However, the down-stream pathway of adiponectin in the pancreatic islets has not been studied extensively. Here, along with the overall reduction of endocrine pancreatic function in islets from adiponectin KO mice, we examine PPARα and HNF4α as additional down-regulated transcription factors during a prolonged metabolic challenge. To elucidate the function of β cell-specific PPARα and HNF4α expression, we developed doxycycline inducible pancreatic β cell-specific PPARα (β-PPARα) and HNF4α (β-HNF4α) overexpression mice. β-PPARα mice exhibited improved protection from lipotoxicity, but elevated β-oxidative damage in the islets, and also displayed lowered phospholipid levels and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. β-HNF4α mice showed a more severe phenotype when compared to β-PPARα mice, characterized by lower body weight, small islet mass and impaired insulin secretion. RNA-sequencing of the islets of these models highlights overlapping yet unique roles of β-PPARα and β-HNF4α. Given that β-HNF4α potently induces PPARα expression, we define a novel adiponectin-HNF4α-PPARα cascade. We further analyzed downstream genes consistently regulated by this axis. Among them, the islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) gene is an important target and accumulates in adiponectin KO mice. We propose a new mechanism of IAPP aggregation in type 2 diabetes through reduced adiponectin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Risheng Ye
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Bianca C Field
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Leon Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Xue-Nan Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Chao Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Megan Paredes
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.
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3
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Onodera T, Wang MY, Rutkowski JM, Deja S, Chen S, Balzer MS, Kim DS, Sun X, An YA, Field BC, Lee C, Matsuo EI, Mizerska M, Sanjana I, Fujiwara N, Kusminski CM, Gordillo R, Gautron L, Marciano DK, Hu MC, Burgess SC, Susztak K, Moe OW, Scherer PE. Endogenous renal adiponectin drives gluconeogenesis through enhancing pyruvate and fatty acid utilization. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6531. [PMID: 37848446 PMCID: PMC10582045 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is a secretory protein, primarily produced in adipocytes. However, low but detectable expression of adiponectin can be observed in cell types beyond adipocytes, particularly in kidney tubular cells, but its local renal role is unknown. We assessed the impact of renal adiponectin by utilizing male inducible kidney tubular cell-specific adiponectin overexpression or knockout mice. Kidney-specific adiponectin overexpression induces a doubling of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase expression and enhanced pyruvate-mediated glucose production, tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates and an upregulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Inhibition of FAO reduces the adiponectin-induced enhancement of glucose production, highlighting the role of FAO in the induction of renal gluconeogenesis. In contrast, mice lacking adiponectin in the kidney exhibit enhanced glucose tolerance, lower utilization and greater accumulation of lipid species. Hence, renal adiponectin is an inducer of gluconeogenesis by driving enhanced local FAO and further underlines the important systemic contribution of renal gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Joseph M Rutkowski
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University College of Medicine, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Stanislaw Deja
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, US
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Michael S Balzer
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, BIH Biomedical Innovation Academy, BIH Charité Clinician Scientist Program, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Xuenan Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, UT Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bianca C Field
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ei-Ichi Matsuo
- Solutions COE, Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Monika Mizerska
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, US
| | - Ina Sanjana
- Solutions COE, Analytical & Measuring Instruments Division, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US
| | - Laurent Gautron
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Denise K Marciano
- Departments of Cell Biology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ming Chang Hu
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shawn C Burgess
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, US
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Renal, Electrolyte, and Hypertension Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Orson W Moe
- Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, US.
- Departments of Cell Biology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Song R, Fond A, Li X, Tang M, Zhan X, Gordillo R, Moresco EMY, Beutler B, Turer EE. The dual lipid desaturase/hydroxylase DEGS2 controls phytoceramide levels necessary to counter intestinal inflammation. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm050043. [PMID: 37589563 PMCID: PMC10499023 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.050043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal immunity is dependent on barrier function to maintain quiescence. The mechanisms for the maintenance of this barrier are not fully understood. Delta 4-desaturase, sphingolipid 2 (DEGS2) is a lipid desaturase and hydroxylase that catalyzes the synthesis of ceramide and phytoceramide from dihydroceramide. Using a forward genetic approach, we found and validated a mutation in Degs2 as causative of increasing susceptibility to colitis and altering the phytoceramide balance in the colon. DEGS2 is expressed in the intestinal epithelium, and the colitis phenotype is dependent on the non-hematopoietic compartment of the mouse. In the absence of DEGS2, the colon lacks phytoceramides and accumulates large amounts of the precursor lipid dihydroceramide. In response to dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis, colonic epithelial cells in DEGS2-deficient mice had increased cell death and decreased proliferation compared to those in wild-type mice. These findings demonstrate that DEGS2 is needed to maintain epithelial integrity, protect against DSS-induced colitis and maintain lipid balance in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Song
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Aaron Fond
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Miao Tang
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhan
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eva Marie Y. Moresco
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
| | - Emre E. Turer
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8505, USA
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5
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Wang Z, Zhu S, Jia Y, Wang Y, Kubota N, Fujiwara N, Gordillo R, Lewis C, Zhu M, Sharma T, Li L, Zeng Q, Lin YH, Hsieh MH, Gopal P, Wang T, Hoare M, Campbell P, Hoshida Y, Zhu H. Positive selection of somatically mutated clones identifies adaptive pathways in metabolic liver disease. Cell 2023; 186:1968-1984.e20. [PMID: 37040760 PMCID: PMC10321862 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2023.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in nonmalignant tissues accumulate with age and injury, but whether these mutations are adaptive on the cellular or organismal levels is unclear. To interrogate genes in human metabolic disease, we performed lineage tracing in mice harboring somatic mosaicism subjected to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Proof-of-concept studies with mosaic loss of Mboat7, a membrane lipid acyltransferase, showed that increased steatosis accelerated clonal disappearance. Next, we induced pooled mosaicism in 63 known NASH genes, allowing us to trace mutant clones side by side. This in vivo tracing platform, which we coined MOSAICS, selected for mutations that ameliorate lipotoxicity, including mutant genes identified in human NASH. To prioritize new genes, additional screening of 472 candidates identified 23 somatic perturbations that promoted clonal expansion. In validation studies, liver-wide deletion of Tbx3, Bcl6, or Smyd2 resulted in protection against hepatic steatosis. Selection for clonal fitness in mouse and human livers identifies pathways that regulate metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixi Wang
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shijia Zhu
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuemeng Jia
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yunguan Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Kubota
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Naoto Fujiwara
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Cheryl Lewis
- Tissue Management Shared Resource, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Min Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tripti Sharma
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Lin Li
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qiyu Zeng
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Meng-Hsiung Hsieh
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Purva Gopal
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Population and Data Sciences, Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Matt Hoare
- University of Cambridge Department of Medicine, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; University of Cambridge Early Cancer Institute, Hutchison Research Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0XZ, UK
| | - Peter Campbell
- Cancer Genome Project, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Yujin Hoshida
- Liver Tumor Translational Research Program, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hao Zhu
- Children's Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Internal Medicine, Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, Children's Research Institute Mouse Genome Engineering Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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6
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Wang Z, Zhu S, Jia Y, Wang Y, Kubota N, Fujiwara N, Gordillo R, Lewis C, Zhu M, Sharma T, Li L, Zeng Q, Lin YH, Hsieh MH, Gopal P, Wang T, Hoare M, Campbell P, Hoshida Y, Zhu H. Positive selection of somatically mutated clones identifies adaptive pathways in metabolic liver disease. bioRxiv 2023:2023.03.20.533505. [PMID: 36993727 PMCID: PMC10055219 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.20.533505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mutations in non-malignant tissues accumulate with age and insult, but whether these mutations are adaptive on the cellular or organismal levels is unclear. To interrogate mutations found in human metabolic disease, we performed lineage tracing in mice harboring somatic mosaicism subjected to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Proof-of-concept studies with mosaic loss of Mboat7 , a membrane lipid acyltransferase, showed that increased steatosis accelerated clonal disappearance. Next, we induced pooled mosaicism in 63 known NASH genes, allowing us to trace mutant clones side-by-side. This in vivo tracing platform, which we coined MOSAICS, selected for mutations that ameliorate lipotoxicity, including mutant genes identified in human NASH. To prioritize new genes, additional screening of 472 candidates identified 23 somatic perturbations that promoted clonal expansion. In validation studies, liver-wide deletion of Bcl6, Tbx3, or Smyd2 resulted in protection against NASH. Selection for clonal fitness in mouse and human livers identifies pathways that regulate metabolic disease. Highlights Mosaic Mboat7 mutations that increase lipotoxicity lead to clonal disappearance in NASH. In vivo screening can identify genes that alter hepatocyte fitness in NASH. Mosaic Gpam mutations are positively selected due to reduced lipogenesis. In vivo screening of transcription factors and epifactors identified new therapeutic targets in NASH.
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7
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Crewe C, Chen S, Bu D, Gliniak CM, Wernstedt Asterholm I, Yu XX, Joffin N, de Souza CO, Funcke JB, Oh DY, Varlamov O, Robino JJ, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Deficient Caveolin-1 Synthesis in Adipocytes Stimulates Systemic Insulin-Independent Glucose Uptake via Extracellular Vesicles. Diabetes 2022; 71:2496-2512. [PMID: 35880782 PMCID: PMC9750943 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (cav1) is an important structural and signaling component of plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae and is abundant in adipocytes. As previously reported, adipocyte-specific ablation of the cav1 gene (ad-cav1 knockout [KO] mouse) does not result in elimination of the protein, as cav1 protein traffics to adipocytes from neighboring endothelial cells. However, this mouse is a functional KO because adipocyte caveolar structures are depleted. Compared with controls, ad-cav1KO mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) display improved whole-body glucose clearance despite complete loss of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, blunted insulin-stimulated AKT activation in metabolic tissues, and partial lipodystrophy. The cause is increased insulin-independent glucose uptake by white adipose tissue (AT) and reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, HFD-fed ad-cav1KO mice display significant AT inflammation, fibrosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated lipid metabolism. The glucose clearance phenotype of the ad-cav1KO mice is at least partially mediated by AT small extracellular vesicles (AT-sEVs). Injection of control mice with AT-sEVs from ad-cav1KO mice phenocopies ad-cav1KO characteristics. Interestingly, AT-sEVs from ad-cav1KO mice propagate the phenotype of the AT to the liver. These data indicate that ad-cav1 is essential for healthy adaptation of the AT to overnutrition and prevents aberrant propagation of negative phenotypes to other organs by EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Dawei Bu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Christy M. Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
- Department of Physiology (Metabolic Physiology Research Unit), Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xin Xin Yu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Camila O. de Souza
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR
| | - Jacob J. Robino
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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8
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Shah MS, Lee C, Guo L, Bryant A, Ragunton JM, Caldwell L, Xu L, Onodera T, Gordillo R, Scherer PE, Soe K. PMON280 Effect of Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy (GAHT) on Adipose Tissue Morphology and Metabolism in Transgender Individuals. J Endocr Soc 2022. [DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Circulating sex hormones exert unique effects on metabolism, leading to sexual dimorphism in white adipose tissue distribution and function. The gender affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) or cross-sex hormone therapy (CSHT) for transgender patients lower the endogenous sex hormones while raising the opposite sex hormones. Sex hormones are known to have a significant impact on white adipose tissue and metabolism. However, long-term metabolic changes with GAHT in transgender individuals have not been studied, nor are the underlying mechanisms properly elucidated.
Hypothesis
We test the hypothesis that GAHT will result in sexual dimorphic changes in morphology and function of white adipose tissue according to the type of sex hormones used and the native sex of the patients.
Aim 1
To study the effect of cross-sex hormones on clinical parameters such as blood pressure, weight, waist-hip circumference ratio, serum lipids, insulin sensitivity
Aim 2
To study the changes in human subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT) distribution and expansion with GAHT
Aim 3
To study changes in circulating metabolites and adipokines, and pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic gene expression in SWAT with GAHT.
Methodology
31 hormone-naive patients (19 Male-to-Female; MtF and 12 Female-to-Male; FtM) were enrolled in the longitudinal study and followed up for 3 years. Clinical parameters and blood samples were gathered at baseline and at 6 month intervals. DXA scans and fat biopsies (peri-umbilical SWAT) were performed at baseline and at 1 year intervals.
Results
The results presented here compare baseline and at 1 year of GAHT. There was an increase in total cholesterol in the MtF group. HOMA-IR, total fat mass and visceral fat mass increased in MtF group, while they decreased in the FtM group. In MtF group, lean mass and bone mineral content (BMC) decreased at 1 year, but no change was observed in the FtM group. On histological assessment, fat cell size increased in MtF group, while it decreased in the FtM group.
Conclusion
In MtF transgender patients, androgen deprivation and estrogen treatment resulted in reduced insulin sensitivity together with a rise in total cholesterol possibly via a decrease in lean mass and adipose tissue expansion through significant adipocyte hypertrophy. In FtM transgender patients, testosterone treatment caused improved insulin sensitivity possibly via a decrease in total and visceral fat mass. The greatest strengths of our project include its longitudinal nature over 3 years to capture long-term effects in the same patients as well as deeper mechanistic insights into the underlying metabolite, adipokine and gene expression changes. The limitations of our study include the small sample size with heterogeneity of study population in terms of demographics and lifestyles.
Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
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9
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Joffin N, Gliniak CM, Funcke JB, Paschoal VA, Crewe C, Chen S, Gordillo R, Kusminski CM, Oh DY, Geldenhuys WJ, Scherer PE. Adipose tissue macrophages exert systemic metabolic control by manipulating local iron concentrations. Nat Metab 2022; 4:1474-1494. [PMID: 36329217 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Iron is essential to many fundamental biological processes, but its cellular compartmentalization and concentration must be tightly controlled. Although iron overload can contribute to obesity-associated metabolic deterioration, the subcellular localization and accumulation of iron in adipose tissue macrophages is largely unknown. Here, we show that macrophage mitochondrial iron levels control systemic metabolism in male mice by altering adipocyte iron concentrations. Using various transgenic mouse models to manipulate the macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron content in an inducible fashion, we demonstrate that lowering macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron increases numbers of M2-like macrophages in adipose tissue, lowers iron levels in adipocytes, attenuates inflammation and protects from high-fat-diet-induced metabolic deterioration. Conversely, elevating macrophage mitochondrial matrix iron increases M1-like macrophages and iron levels in adipocytes, exacerbates inflammation and worsens high-fat-diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. These phenotypes are robustly reproduced by transplantation of a small amount of fat from transgenic to wild-type mice. Taken together, we identify macrophage mitochondrial iron levels as a crucial determinant of systemic metabolic homeostasis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vivian A Paschoal
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Werner J Geldenhuys
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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10
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Zhu Q, Zhu Y, Hepler C, Zhang Q, Park J, Gliniak C, Henry GH, Crewe C, Bu D, Zhang Z, Zhao S, Morley T, Li N, Kim DS, Strand D, Deng Y, Robino JJ, Varlamov O, Gordillo R, Kolonin MG, Kusminski CM, Gupta RK, Scherer PE. Adipocyte mesenchymal transition contributes to mammary tumor progression. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111362. [PMID: 36103820 PMCID: PMC9533474 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased cancer incidence and progression. However, the relationship between adiposity and cancer remains poorly understood at the mechanistic level. Here, we report that adipocytes from tumor-invasive mammary fat undergo de-differentiation to fibroblast-like precursor cells during tumor progression and integrate into the tumor microenvironment. Single-cell sequencing reveals that these de-differentiated adipocytes lose their original identities and transform into multiple cell types, including myofibroblast- and macrophage-like cells, with their characteristic features involved in immune response, inflammation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. The de-differentiated cells are metabolically distinct from tumor-associated fibroblasts but exhibit comparable effects on tumor cell proliferation. Inducing de-differentiation by Xbp1s overexpression promotes tumor progression despite lower adiposity. In contrast, promoting lipid-storage capacity in adipocytes through MitoNEET overexpression curbs tumor growth despite greater adiposity. Collectively, the metabolic interplay between tumor cells and adipocytes induces adipocyte mesenchymal transition and contributes to reconfigure the stroma into a more tumor-friendly microenvironment. Zhu et al. report that in mammary tumors, adipocytes undergo metabolic reprograming and de-differentiation. They acquire myofibroblast- and macrophage-like features, a process referred to as “adipocyte mesenchymal transition,” which modifies the tumor microenvironment via ECM remodeling and activation of the immune response and likely contributes to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chelsea Hepler
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Qianbin Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Christy Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Gervaise H Henry
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dawei Bu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Thomas Morley
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Douglas Strand
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jacob J Robino
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Oleg Varlamov
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mikhail G Kolonin
- The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine for the Prevention of Disease, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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11
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Smith AB, Schill JP, Gordillo R, Gustafson GE, Rhoads TW, Burhans MS, Broman AT, Colman RJ, Scherer PE, Anderson RM. Ceramides are early responders in metabolic syndrome development in rhesus monkeys. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9960. [PMID: 35705631 PMCID: PMC9200850 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome increases risk of complicating co-morbidities. Current clinical indicators reflect established metabolic impairment, preventing earlier intervention strategies. Here we show that circulating sphingolipids are altered in the very early stages of insulin resistance development. The study involved 16 paired overweight but healthy monkeys, one-half of which spontaneously developed metabolic syndrome over the course of 2 years. Importantly, animals did not differ in adiposity and were euglycemic throughout the study period. Using mass spectrometry, circulating sphingolipids, including ceramides and sphingomyelins, were detected and quantified for healthy and impaired animals at both time points. At time of diagnosis, several ceramides were significantly different between healthy and impaired animals. Correlation analysis revealed differences in the interactions among ceramides in impaired animals at diagnosis and pre-diagnosis when animals were clinically indistinguishable from controls. Furthermore, correlations between ceramides and early-stage markers of insulin resistance, diacylglycerols and non-esterified fatty acids, were distinct for healthy and impaired states. Regression analysis identifies coordinated changes in lipid handling across lipid classes as animals progress from healthy to insulin resistant. Correlations between ceramides and the adipose-derived adipokine adiponectin were apparent in healthy animals but not in the metabolically impaired animals, even in advance of loss in insulin sensitivity. These data suggest that circulating ceramides are clinically relevant in identifying disease risk independent of differences in adiposity, and may be important in devising preventative strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex B Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonah P Schill
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Grace E Gustafson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Timothy W Rhoads
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Maggie S Burhans
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aimee T Broman
- Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ricki J Colman
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rozalyn M Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA. .,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA.
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12
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Crewe C, Funcke JB, Li S, Joffin N, Gliniak CM, Ghaben AL, An YA, Sadek HA, Gordillo R, Akgul Y, Chen S, Samovski D, Fischer-Posovszky P, Kusminski CM, Klein S, Scherer PE. Extracellular vesicle-based interorgan transport of mitochondria from energetically stressed adipocytes. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1853-1868.e11. [PMID: 34418352 PMCID: PMC8429176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adipocytes undergo intense energetic stress in obesity resulting in loss of mitochondrial mass and function. We have found that adipocytes respond to mitochondrial stress by rapidly and robustly releasing small extracellular vesicles (sEVs). These sEVs contain respiration-competent, but oxidatively damaged mitochondrial particles, which enter circulation and are taken up by cardiomyocytes, where they trigger a burst of ROS. The result is compensatory antioxidant signaling in the heart that protects cardiomyocytes from acute oxidative stress, consistent with a preconditioning paradigm. As such, a single injection of sEVs from energetically stressed adipocytes limits cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice. This study provides the first description of functional mitochondrial transfer between tissues and the first vertebrate example of "inter-organ mitohormesis." Thus, these seemingly toxic adipocyte sEVs may provide a physiological avenue of potent cardio-protection against the inevitable lipotoxic or ischemic stresses elicited by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shujuan Li
- Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pediatric Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hesham A Sadek
- Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yucel Akgul
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Dmitri Samovski
- Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Pamela Fischer-Posovszky
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Center, 89075 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition and the Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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13
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Zhang Z, Funcke JB, Zi Z, Zhao S, Straub LG, Zhu Y, Zhu Q, Crewe C, An YA, Chen S, Li N, Wang MY, Ghaben AL, Lee C, Gautron L, Engelking LJ, Raj P, Deng Y, Gordillo R, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Adipocyte iron levels impinge on a fat-gut crosstalk to regulate intestinal lipid absorption and mediate protection from obesity. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1624-1639.e9. [PMID: 34174197 PMCID: PMC8338877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload is positively associated with diabetes risk. However, the role of iron in adipose tissue remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that transferrin-receptor-1-mediated iron uptake is differentially required for distinct subtypes of adipocytes. Notably, adipocyte-specific transferrin receptor 1 deficiency substantially protects mice from high-fat-diet-induced metabolic disorders. Mechanistically, low cellular iron levels have a positive impact on the health of the white adipose tissue and can restrict lipid absorption from the intestine through modulation of vesicular transport in enterocytes following high-fat diet feeding. Specific reduction of adipocyte iron by AAV-mediated overexpression of the iron exporter Ferroportin1 in adult mice effectively mimics these protective effects. In summary, our studies highlight an important role of adipocyte iron in the maintenance of systemic metabolism through an adipocyte-enterocyte axis, offering an additional level of control over caloric influx into the system after feeding by regulating intestinal lipid absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Leon G Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Laurent Gautron
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Luke J Engelking
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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14
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An YA, Chen S, Deng Y, Wang ZV, Funcke JB, Shah M, Shan B, Gordillo R, Yoshino J, Klein S, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. The mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier prevents hepatic lipotoxicity by inhibiting white adipocyte lipolysis. J Hepatol 2021; 75:387-399. [PMID: 33746082 PMCID: PMC8292187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS We have previously reported that the mitochondrial dicarboxylate carrier (mDIC [SLC25A10]) is predominantly expressed in the white adipose tissue (WAT) and subject to regulation by metabolic cues. However, the specific physiological functions of mDIC and the reasons for its abundant presence in adipocytes are poorly understood. METHODS To systemically investigate the impact of mDIC function in adipocytes in vivo, we generated loss- and gain-of-function mouse models, selectively eliminating or overexpressing mDIC in mature adipocytes, respectively. RESULTS In in vitro differentiated white adipocytes, mDIC is responsible for succinate transport from the mitochondrial matrix to the cytosol, from where succinate can act on the succinate receptor SUCNR1 and inhibit lipolysis by dampening the cAMP- phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase (pHSL) pathway. We eliminated mDIC expression in adipocytes in a doxycycline (dox)-inducible manner (mDICiKO) and demonstrated that such a deletion results in enhanced adipocyte lipolysis and promotes high-fat diet (HFD)-induced adipocyte dysfunction, liver lipotoxicity, and systemic insulin resistance. Conversely, in a mouse model with dox-inducible, adipocyte-specific overexpression of mDIC (mDICiOE), we observed suppression of adipocyte lipolysis both in vivo and ex vivo. mDICiOE mice are potently protected from liver lipotoxicity upon HFD feeding. Furthermore, they show resistance to HFD-induced weight gain and adipose tissue expansion with concomitant improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. Beyond our data in rodents, we found that human WAT SLC25A10 mRNA levels are positively correlated with insulin sensitivity and negatively correlated with intrahepatic triglyceride levels, suggesting a critical role of mDIC in regulating overall metabolic homeostasis in humans as well. CONCLUSIONS In summary, we highlight that mDIC plays an essential role in governing adipocyte lipolysis and preventing liver lipotoxicity in response to a HFD. LAY SUMMARY Dysfunctional fat tissue plays an important role in the development of fatty liver disease and liver injury. Our present study identifies a mitochondrial transporter, mDIC, which tightly controls the release of free fatty acids from adipocytes to the liver through the export of succinate from mitochondria. We believe this mDIC-succinate axis could be targeted for the treatment of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu A. An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Zhao V. Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | - Manasi Shah
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bo Shan
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | | | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA,Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Philipp E. Scherer, Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Tel: 214-6488715; Fax: 214-648-8720;
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15
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Rowe AA, Patel PD, Gordillo R, Wert KJ. Replenishment of TCA cycle intermediates provides photoreceptor resilience against neurodegeneration during progression of retinitis pigmentosa. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e150898. [PMID: 34292885 PMCID: PMC8492344 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.150898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The metabolic environment is important for neuronal cells, such as photoreceptors. When photoreceptors undergo degeneration, as occurs during retinitis pigmentosa (RP), patients have progressive loss of vision that proceeds to full blindness. Currently, there are no available treatments for the majority of RP diseases. We performed metabolic profiling of the neural retina in a preclinical model of RP and found that TCA cycle intermediates were reduced during disease. We then determined that (a) promoting citrate production within the TCA cycle in retinal neurons during disease progression protected the photoreceptors from cell death and prolonged visual function, (b) supplementation with single metabolites within the TCA cycle provided this therapeutic effect in vivo over time, and (c) this therapeutic effect was not specific to a particular genetic mutation but had broad applicability for patients with RP and other retinal degenerative diseases. Overall, targeting TCA cycle activity in the neural retina promoted photoreceptor survival and visual function during neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Rowe
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Pinkal D Patel
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Katherine J Wert
- Department of Ophthalmology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
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16
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Li N, Zhao S, Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Gliniak CM, Vishvanath L, An YA, Wang MY, Deng Y, Zhu Q, Shan B, Sherwood A, Onodera T, Oz OK, Gordillo R, Gupta RK, Liu M, Horvath TL, Dixit VD, Scherer PE. Adiponectin preserves metabolic fitness during aging. eLife 2021; 10:65108. [PMID: 33904399 PMCID: PMC8099426 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is essential for the regulation of tissue substrate utilization and systemic insulin sensitivity. Clinical studies have suggested a positive association of circulating adiponectin with healthspan and lifespan. However, the direct effects of adiponectin on promoting healthspan and lifespan remain unexplored. Here, we are using an adiponectin null mouse and a transgenic adiponectin overexpression model. We directly assessed the effects of circulating adiponectin on the aging process and found that adiponectin null mice display exacerbated age-related glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. Moreover, adiponectin null mice have a significantly shortened lifespan on both chow and high-fat diet. In contrast, a transgenic mouse model with elevated circulating adiponectin levels has a dramatically improved systemic insulin sensitivity, reduced age-related tissue inflammation and fibrosis, and a prolonged healthspan and median lifespan. These results support a role of adiponectin as an essential regulator for healthspan and lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Lavanya Vishvanath
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Bo Shan
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Amber Sherwood
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Orhan K Oz
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ming Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tamas L Horvath
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Vishwa Deep Dixit
- Department of Comparative Medicine and Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Yale Center for Research on Aging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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17
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Joffin N, Paschoal VA, Gliniak CM, Crewe C, Elnwasany A, Szweda LI, Zhang Q, Hepler C, Kusminski CM, Gordillo R, Oh DY, Gupta RK, Scherer PE. Mitochondrial metabolism is a key regulator of the fibro-inflammatory and adipogenic stromal subpopulations in white adipose tissue. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:702-717.e8. [PMID: 33539722 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The adipose tissue stroma is a rich source of molecularly distinct stem and progenitor cell populations with diverse functions in metabolic regulation, adipogenesis, and inflammation. The ontology of these populations and the mechanisms that govern their behaviors in response to stimuli, such as overfeeding, however, are unclear. Here, we show that the developmental fates and functional properties of adipose platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRβ)+ progenitor subpopulations are tightly regulated by mitochondrial metabolism. Reducing the mitochondrial β-oxidative capacity of PDGFRβ+ cells via inducible expression of MitoNEET drives a pro-inflammatory phenotype in adipose progenitors and alters lineage commitment. Furthermore, disrupting mitochondrial function in PDGFRβ+ cells rapidly induces alterations in immune cell composition in lean mice and impacts expansion of adipose tissue in diet-induced obesity. The adverse effects on adipose tissue remodeling can be reversed by restoring mitochondrial activity in progenitors, suggesting therapeutic potential for targeting energy metabolism in these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vivian A Paschoal
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christy M Gliniak
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Abdallah Elnwasany
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Luke I Szweda
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qianbin Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chelsea Hepler
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Da Young Oh
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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18
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Gordillo R. Supercritical fluid chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry for metabolomics applications. J Sep Sci 2020; 44:448-463. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202000805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas Texas USA
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19
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Apostolopoulou M, Gordillo R, Gancheva S, Strassburger K, Herder C, Esposito I, Schlensak M, Scherer PE, Roden M. Role of ceramide-to-dihydroceramide ratios for insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/2/e001860. [PMID: 33219119 PMCID: PMC7682191 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sphingolipid accumulation has been linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). A recent study showed that depletion of dihydroceramide desaturase-1 (DES-1) in adipose and/or liver tissue decreases ceramide-to-dihydroceramide ratios (ceramide/dihydroceramide) in several tissues and improves the metabolic profile in mice. We tested the hypothesis that ceramide/dihydroceramide would also be elevated and relate positively to liver fat content and insulin resistance in humans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thus, we assessed total and specific ceramide/dihydroceramide in various biosamples of 7 lean and 21 obese volunteers without or with different NAFLD stages, who were eligible for abdominal or bariatric surgery, respectively. Biosamples were obtained from serum, liver, rectus abdominis muscle as well as subcutaneous abdominal and visceral adipose tissue during surgery. RESULTS Surprisingly, certain serum and liver ceramide/dihydroceramide ratios were reduced in both obesity and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and related inversely to liver fat content. Specifically, hepatic ceramide/dihydroceramide (species 16:0) related negatively to hepatic mitochondrial capacity and lipid peroxidation. In visceral adipose tissue, ceramide/dihydroceramide (species 16:0) associated positively with markers of inflammation. CONCLUSION These results failed to confirm the relationships of ceramide/dihydroceramide in humans with different degree of insulin resistance. However, the low hepatic ceramide/dihydroceramide favor a role for dihydroceramide accumulation in NASH, while a specific ceramide/dihydroceramide ratio in visceral adipose tissue suggests a role of ceramides in obesity-associated low-grade inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apostolopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- UT Southwestern Medical Center Touchstone Diabetes Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Strassburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Philipp E Scherer
- UT Southwestern Medical Center Touchstone Diabetes Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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20
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Field BC, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. The Role of Ceramides in Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease Regulation of Ceramides by Adipokines. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:569250. [PMID: 33133017 PMCID: PMC7564167 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.569250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction is intertwined with the pathophysiology of both diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Recently, one particular lipid class has been shown to influence the development and sustainment of these diseases: ceramides. As a subtype of sphingolipids, these species are particularly central to many sphingolipid pathways. Increased levels of ceramides are known to correlate with impaired cardiovascular and metabolic health. Furthermore, the interaction between ceramides and adipokines, most notably adiponectin and leptin, appears to play a role in the pathophysiology of these conditions. Adiponectin appears to counteract the detrimental effects of elevated ceramides, largely through activation of the ceramidase activity of its receptors. Elevated ceramides appear to worsen leptin resistance, which is an important phenomenon in the pathophysiology of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca C. Field
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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21
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Zhang Z, Shao M, Hepler C, Zi Z, Zhao S, An YA, Zhu Y, Ghaben AL, Wang MY, Li N, Onodera T, Joffin N, Crewe C, Zhu Q, Vishvanath L, Kumar A, Xing C, Wang QA, Gautron L, Deng Y, Gordillo R, Kruglikov I, Kusminski CM, Gupta RK, Scherer PE. Dermal adipose tissue has high plasticity and undergoes reversible dedifferentiation in mice. J Clin Invest 2020; 129:5327-5342. [PMID: 31503545 DOI: 10.1172/jci130239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dermal adipose tissue (also known as dermal white adipose tissue and herein referred to as dWAT) has been the focus of much discussion in recent years. However, dWAT remains poorly characterized. The fate of the mature dermal adipocytes and the origin of the rapidly reappearing dermal adipocytes at different stages remain unclear. Here, we isolated dermal adipocytes and characterized dermal fat at the cellular and molecular level. Together with dWAT's dynamic responses to external stimuli, we established that dermal adipocytes are a distinct class of white adipocytes with high plasticity. By combining pulse-chase lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing, we observed that mature dermal adipocytes undergo dedifferentiation and redifferentiation under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Upon various challenges, the dedifferentiated cells proliferate and redifferentiate into adipocytes. In addition, manipulation of dWAT highlighted an important role for mature dermal adipocytes for hair cycling and wound healing. Altogether, these observations unravel a surprising plasticity of dermal adipocytes and provide an explanation for the dynamic changes in dWAT mass that occur under physiological and pathophysiological conditions, and highlight the important contributions of dWAT toward maintaining skin homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center
| | | | | | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ashwani Kumar
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Chao Xing
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Institute, City of Hope/Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Laurent Gautron
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Ilja Kruglikov
- Scientific Department, Wellcomet GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany
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22
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Pedersen L, Panahandeh P, Siraji MI, Knappskog S, Lønning PE, Gordillo R, Scherer PE, Molven A, Teigen K, Halberg N. Golgi-Localized PAQR4 Mediates Antiapoptotic Ceramidase Activity in Breast Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:2163-2174. [PMID: 32291319 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic network of sphingolipids plays important roles in cancer biology. Prominent sphingolipids include ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate that regulate multiple aspects of growth, apoptosis, and cellular signaling. Although a significant number of enzymatic regulators of the sphingolipid pathway have been described in detail, many remained poorly characterized. Here we applied a patient-derived systemic approach to identify and molecularly define progestin and adipoQ receptor family member IV (PAQR4) as a Golgi-localized ceramidase. PAQR4 was approximately 5-fold upregulated in breast cancer compared with matched control tissue and its overexpression correlated with disease-specific survival rates in breast cancer. Induction of PAQR4 in breast tumors was found to be subtype-independent and correlated with increased ceramidase activity. These findings establish PAQR4 as Golgi-localized ceramidase required for cellular growth in breast cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: Induction of and cellular dependency on de novo sphingolipid synthesis via PAQR4 highlights a central vulnerability in breast cancer that may serve as a viable therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Pedersen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Stian Knappskog
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Eystein Lønning
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Anders Molven
- Gade Laboratory for Pathology, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Knut Teigen
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Halberg
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
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23
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Kusminski CM, Ghaben AL, Morley TS, Samms RJ, Adams AC, An Y, Johnson JA, Joffin N, Onodera T, Crewe C, Holland WL, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. A Novel Model of Diabetic Complications: Adipocyte Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggers Massive β-Cell Hyperplasia. Diabetes 2020; 69:313-330. [PMID: 31882562 PMCID: PMC7034182 DOI: 10.2337/db19-0327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) entails insulin resistance and loss of β-cell mass. Adipose tissue mitochondrial dysfunction is emerging as a key component in the etiology of T2DM. Identifying approaches to preserve mitochondrial function, adipose tissue integrity, and β-cell mass during obesity is a major challenge. Mitochondrial ferritin (FtMT) is a mitochondrial matrix protein that chelates iron. We sought to determine whether perturbation of adipocyte mitochondria influences energy metabolism during obesity. We used an adipocyte-specific doxycycline-inducible mouse model of FtMT overexpression (FtMT-Adip mice). During a dietary challenge, FtMT-Adip mice are leaner but exhibit glucose intolerance, low adiponectin levels, increased reactive oxygen species damage, and elevated GDF15 and FGF21 levels, indicating metabolically dysfunctional fat. Paradoxically, despite harboring highly dysfunctional fat, transgenic mice display massive β-cell hyperplasia, reflecting a beneficial mitochondria-induced fat-to-pancreas interorgan signaling axis. This identifies the unique and critical impact that adipocyte mitochondrial dysfunction has on increasing β-cell mass during obesity-related insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Thomas S Morley
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ricardo J Samms
- Eli Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Andrew C Adams
- Eli Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Yu An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Joshua A Johnson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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24
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Zhao S, Zhu Y, Schultz RD, Li N, He Z, Zhang Z, Caron A, Zhu Q, Sun K, Xiong W, Deng H, Sun J, Deng Y, Kim M, Lee CE, Gordillo R, Liu T, Odle AK, Childs GV, Zhang N, Kusminski CM, Elmquist JK, Williams KW, An Z, Scherer PE. Partial Leptin Reduction as an Insulin Sensitization and Weight Loss Strategy. Cell Metab 2019; 30:706-719.e6. [PMID: 31495688 PMCID: PMC6774814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The physiological role of leptin is thought to be a driving force to reduce food intake and increase energy expenditure. However, leptin therapies in the clinic have failed to effectively treat obesity, predominantly due to a phenomenon referred to as leptin resistance. The mechanisms linking obesity and the associated leptin resistance remain largely unclear. With various mouse models and a leptin neutralizing antibody, we demonstrated that hyperleptinemia is a driving force for metabolic disorders. A partial reduction of plasma leptin levels in the context of obesity restores hypothalamic leptin sensitivity and effectively reduces weight gain and enhances insulin sensitivity. These results highlight that a partial reduction in plasma leptin levels leads to improved leptin sensitivity, while pointing to a new avenue for therapeutic interventions in the treatment of obesity and its associated comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Robbie D Schultz
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Zhenyan He
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexandre Caron
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hui Deng
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jia Sun
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Neurosurgery and Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Charlotte E Lee
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Tiemin Liu
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Angela K Odle
- Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Gwen V Childs
- Neurobiology & Developmental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joel K Elmquist
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kevin W Williams
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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25
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Crewe C, Zhu Y, Paschoal VA, Joffin N, Ghaben AL, Gordillo R, Oh DY, Liang G, Horton JD, Scherer PE. SREBP-regulated adipocyte lipogenesis is dependent on substrate availability and redox modulation of mTORC1. JCI Insight 2019; 5:129397. [PMID: 31310592 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.129397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of lipid and sterol species through de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is regulated by two functionally overlapping but distinct transcription factors: the sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) and carbohydrate response element binding protein (ChREBP). ChREBP is considered to be the dominant regulator of DNL in adipose tissue (AT); however, the SREBPs are highly expressed and robustly regulated in adipocytes, suggesting that the model of AT DNL may be incomplete. Here we describe a new mouse model of inducible, adipocyte-specific overexpression of the insulin-induced gene 1 (Insig1), a negative regulator of SREBP transcriptional activity. Contrary to convention, Insig1 overexpression did block AT lipogenic gene expression. However, this was immediately met with a compensatory mechanism triggered by redox activation of mTORC1 to restore SREBP1 DNL gene expression. Thus, we demonstrate that SREBP1 activity sustains adipocyte lipogenesis, a conclusion that has been elusive due to the constitutive nature of current mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jay D Horton
- Department of Molecular Genetics, and.,Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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26
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Sharma AX, Quittner-Strom EB, Lee Y, Johnson JA, Martin SA, Yu X, Li J, Lu J, Cai Z, Chen S, Wang MY, Zhang Y, Pearson MJ, Dorn AC, McDonald JG, Gordillo R, Yan H, Thai D, Wang ZV, Unger RH, Holland WL. Glucagon Receptor Antagonism Improves Glucose Metabolism and Cardiac Function by Promoting AMP-Mediated Protein Kinase in Diabetic Mice. Cell Rep 2019; 22:1760-1773. [PMID: 29444429 PMCID: PMC5978750 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The antidiabetic potential of glucagon receptor antagonism presents an opportunity for use in an insulin-centric clinical environment. To investigate the metabolic effects of glucagon receptor antagonism in type 2 diabetes, we treated Leprdb/db and Lepob/ob mice with REMD 2.59, a human monoclonal antibody and competitive antagonist of the glucagon receptor. As expected, REMD 2.59 suppresses hepatic glucose production and improves glycemia. Surprisingly, it also enhances insulin action in both liver and skeletal muscle, coinciding with an increase in AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mediated lipid oxidation. Furthermore, weekly REMD 2.59 treatment over a period of months protects against diabetic cardiomyopathy. These functional improvements are not derived simply from correcting the systemic milieu; nondiabetic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of lipoprotein lipase also show improvements in contractile function after REMD 2.59 treatment. These observations suggest that hyperglucagonemia enables lipotoxic conditions, allowing the development of insulin resistance and cardiac dysfunction during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit X Sharma
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Ezekiel B Quittner-Strom
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Young Lee
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA; Medical Service, Veteran's Administration North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - Joshua A Johnson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Sarah A Martin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Xinxin Yu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA; Medical Service, Veteran's Administration North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - Jianping Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - John Lu
- REMD Biotherapeutics Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | | | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA; Medical Service, Veteran's Administration North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - Yiyi Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Mackenzie J Pearson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Andie C Dorn
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA; Center for Human Nutrition, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Hai Yan
- REMD Biotherapeutics Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | - Dung Thai
- REMD Biotherapeutics Inc., Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
| | - Zhao V Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Roger H Unger
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA; Medical Service, Veteran's Administration North Texas Health Care System, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
| | - William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA.
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27
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Bu D, Crewe C, Kusminski CM, Gordillo R, Ghaben AL, Kim M, Park J, Deng H, Xiong W, Liu XZ, Lønning PE, Halberg N, Rios A, Chang Y, Gonzalez A, Zhang N, An Z, Scherer PE. Human endotrophin as a driver of malignant tumor growth. JCI Insight 2019; 5:125094. [PMID: 30896449 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.125094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that the carboxy-terminal proteolytic cleavage product of the COL6α3 chain that we refer to as "endotrophin" has potent effects on transformed mammary ductal epithelial cells in rodents. Endotrophin (ETP) is abundantly expressed in adipose tissue. It is a chemoattractant for macrophages, exerts effects on endothelial cells and through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) enhances progression of tumor cells. In a recombinant form, human endotrophin exerts similar effects on human macrophages and endothelial cells as its rodent counterpart. It enhances EMT in human breast cancer cells and upon overexpression in tumor cells, the cells become chemoresistant. Here, we report the identification of endotrophin from human plasma. It is circulating at higher levels in breast cancer patients. We have developed neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against human endotrophin and provide evidence for the effectiveness of these antibodies to curb tumor growth and enhance chemosensitivity in a nude mouse model carrying human tumor cell lesions. Combined, the data validate endotrophin as a viable target for anti-tumor therapy for human breast cancer and opens the possibility for further use of these new reagents for anti-fibrotic approaches in liver, kidney, bone marrow and adipose tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Bu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Hui Deng
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiao-Zheng Liu
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Per Eystein Lønning
- Department of Clinical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, and Department of Oncology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nils Halberg
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Adan Rios
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | | | - Anneliese Gonzalez
- Division of Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ningyan Zhang
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhiqiang An
- Texas Therapeutics Institute, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Departments of Internal Medicine and Simmons Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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28
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Crewe C, Joffin N, Rutkowski JM, Kim M, Zhang F, Towler DA, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. An Endothelial-to-Adipocyte Extracellular Vesicle Axis Governed by Metabolic State. Cell 2018; 175:695-708.e13. [PMID: 30293865 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have uncovered the existence of extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated signaling between cell types within the adipose tissue (AT) proper. This phenomenon became evident in our attempts at generating an adipocyte-specific knockout of caveolin 1 (cav1) protein. Although we effectively ablated the CAV1 gene in adipocytes, cav1 protein remained abundant. With the use of newly generated mouse models, we show that neighboring endothelial cells (ECs) transfer cav1-containing EVs to adipocytes in vivo, which reciprocate by releasing EVs to ECs. AT-derived EVs contain proteins and lipids capable of modulating cellular signaling pathways. Furthermore, this mechanism facilitates transfer of plasma constituents from ECs to the adipocyte. The transfer event is physiologically regulated by fasting/refeeding and obesity, suggesting EVs participate in the tissue response to changes in the systemic nutrient state. This work offers new insights into the complex signaling mechanisms that exist among adipocytes, stromal vascular cells, and, potentially, distal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Nolwenn Joffin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joseph M Rutkowski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Min Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center (CMDC), Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Fang Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Dwight A Towler
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Division, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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29
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Apostolopoulou M, Gordillo R, Koliaki C, Gancheva S, Jelenik T, De Filippo E, Herder C, Markgraf D, Jankowiak F, Esposito I, Schlensak M, Scherer PE, Roden M. Specific Hepatic Sphingolipids Relate to Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Diabetes Care 2018; 41:1235-1243. [PMID: 29602794 DOI: 10.2337/dc17-1318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin resistance and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease have been linked to several lipid metabolites in animals, but their role in humans remains unclear. This study examined the relationship of sphingolipids with hepatic and peripheral metabolism in 21 insulin-resistant obese patients without (NAFL-) or with (NAFL+) nonalcoholic fatty liver and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and 7 healthy lean individuals undergoing tissue biopsies during bariatric or elective abdominal surgery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps with d-[6,6-2H2]glucose were performed to quantify tissue-specific insulin sensitivity. Hepatic oxidative capacity, lipid peroxidation, and the phosphorylated-to-total c-Jun N-terminal kinase (pJNK-to-tJNK) ratio were measured to assess mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory activity. RESULTS Hepatic total ceramides were higher by 50% and 33% in NASH compared with NAFL+ and NAFL-, respectively. Only in NASH were hepatic dihydroceramides (16:0, 22:0, and 24:1) and lactosylceramides increased. Serum total ceramides and dihydroceramides (hepatic dihydroceramides 22:0 and 24:1) correlated negatively with whole-body but not with hepatic insulin sensitivity. Hepatic maximal respiration related positively to serum lactosylceramide subspecies, hepatic sphinganine, and lactosylceramide 14:0. Liver lipid peroxides (total ceramides, sphingomyelin 22:0) and the pJNK-to-tJNK ratio (ceramide 24:0; hexosylceramides 22:0, 24:0, and 24:1) all positively correlated with the respective hepatic sphingolipids. CONCLUSIONS Sphingolipid species are not only increased in insulin-resistant humans with NASH but also correlate with hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation, suggesting that these lipids may play a role during progression of simple steatosis to NASH in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apostolopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Chrysi Koliaki
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sofia Gancheva
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tomas Jelenik
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Elisabetta De Filippo
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Markgraf
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Frank Jankowiak
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Irene Esposito
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany .,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
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30
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Xia JY, Sun K, Hepler C, Ghaben AL, Gupta RK, An YA, Holland WL, Morley TS, Adams AC, Gordillo R, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Acute loss of adipose tissue-derived adiponectin triggers immediate metabolic deterioration in mice. Diabetologia 2018; 61:932-941. [PMID: 29224189 PMCID: PMC5844860 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4516-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Adiponectin (APN), a circulating hormone secreted by mature adipocytes, has been extensively studied because it has beneficial metabolic effects. While many studies have focused on the congenital loss of APN and its effects on systemic body glucose and lipid metabolism, little is known about the effects triggered by acute loss of APN in the adult mouse. We anticipated that genetically induced acute depletion of APN in adult mice would have a more profound effect on systemic metabolic health than congenital deletion of Adipoq, the gene encoding APN, with its associated potential for adaptive responses that may mask the phenotypes. METHODS Mice carrying loxP-flanked regions of Adipoq were generated and bred to the Adipoq (APN) promoter-driven reverse tetracycline-controlled transactivator (rtTA) (APN-rtTA) gene and a tet-responsive Cre line (TRE-Cre) to achieve acute depletion of APN. Upon acute removal of APN in adult mice, systemic glucose and lipid homeostasis were assessed under basal and insulinopenic conditions. RESULTS The acute depletion of APN results in more severe systemic insulin resistance and hyperlipidaemia than in mice with congenital loss of APN. Furthermore, the acute depletion of APN in adult mice results in a much more dramatic reduction in survival rate, with 50% of inducible knockouts dying in the first 5 days under insulinopenic conditions compared with 0% of congenital Adipoq knockout mice under similar conditions. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Acute systemic removal of APN results in a much more negative metabolic phenotype compared with congenital knockout of Adipoq. Specifically, our data demonstrate that acute depletion of APN is especially detrimental to lipid homeostasis, both under basal and insulinopenic conditions. This suggests that compensatory mechanisms exist in congenital knockout mice that offset some of the metabolic actions covered by APN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y Xia
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
- McGaw Medical Center of Northwestern University, Department of Internal Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chelsea Hepler
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Thomas S Morley
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Andrew C Adams
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, MC8549, Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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31
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Ye R, Gordillo R, Shao M, Onodera T, Chen Z, Chen S, Lin X, SoRelle JA, Li X, Tang M, Keller MP, Kuliawat R, Attie AD, Gupta RK, Holland WL, Beutler B, Herz J, Scherer PE. Intracellular lipid metabolism impairs β cell compensation during diet-induced obesity. J Clin Invest 2018; 128:1178-1189. [PMID: 29457786 DOI: 10.1172/jci97702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The compensatory proliferation of insulin-producing β cells is critical to maintaining glucose homeostasis at the early stage of type 2 diabetes. Failure of β cells to proliferate results in hyperglycemia and insulin dependence in patients. To understand the effect of the interplay between β cell compensation and lipid metabolism upon obesity and peripheral insulin resistance, we eliminated LDL receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), a pleiotropic mediator of cholesterol, insulin, energy metabolism, and other cellular processes, in β cells. Upon high-fat diet exposure, LRP1 ablation significantly impaired insulin secretion and proliferation of β cells. The diminished insulin signaling was partly contributed to by the hypersensitivity to glucose-induced, Ca2+-dependent activation of Erk and the mTORC1 effector p85 S6K1. Surprisingly, in LRP1-deficient islets, lipotoxic sphingolipids were mitigated by improved lipid metabolism, mediated at least in part by the master transcriptional regulator PPARγ2. Acute overexpression of PPARγ2 in β cells impaired insulin signaling and insulin secretion. Elimination of Apbb2, a functional regulator of LRP1 cytoplasmic domain, also impaired β cell function in a similar fashion. In summary, our results uncover the double-edged effects of intracellular lipid metabolism on β cell function and viability in obesity and type 2 diabetes and highlight LRP1 as an essential regulator of these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Ye
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Department of Medical Education, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, El Paso, Texas, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mengle Shao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhe Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoli Lin
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jeffrey A SoRelle
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Miao Tang
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Mark P Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Regina Kuliawat
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alan D Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Bruce Beutler
- Center for the Genetics of Host Defense, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Joachim Herz
- Departments of Molecular Genetics, Neuroscience, Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, and Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, UTSW Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.,Center for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroanatomy, Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern (UTSW) Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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32
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Zhu Y, Zhao S, Deng Y, Gordillo R, Ghaben AL, Shao M, Zhang F, Xu P, Li Y, Cao H, Zagnitko O, Scott DA, Gupta RK, Xing C, Zhang BB, Lin HV, Scherer PE. Hepatic GALE Regulates Whole-Body Glucose Homeostasis by Modulating Tff3 Expression. Diabetes 2017; 66:2789-2799. [PMID: 28877911 PMCID: PMC5652600 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Transcripts of key enzymes in the Leloir pathway of galactose metabolism in mouse livers are significantly increased after chronic high-fat/high-sucrose feeding. UDP-galactose-4-epimerase (GALE) is the last enzyme in this pathway that converts UDP-galactose to UDP-glucose and was previously identified as a downstream target of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress effector spliced X-box binding protein 1, suggesting an interesting cross talk between galactose and glucose metabolism in the context of hepatic ER stress and whole-body metabolic fitness. However, its specific role in glucose metabolism is not established. Using an inducible and tissue-specific mouse model, we report that hepatic overexpression of Gale increases gluconeogenesis from pyruvate and impairs glucose tolerance. Conversely, genetic reduction of Gale in liver improves glucose tolerance. Transcriptional profiling identifies trefoil factor 3 (Tff3) as one of the downstream targets of GALE. Restoration of Tff3 expression corrects glucose intolerance in Gale-overexpressing mice. These studies reveal a new link between hepatic GALE activity and whole-body glucose homeostasis via regulation of hepatic Tff3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhu
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Mengle Shao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Fang Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Li
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Huachuan Cao
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Olga Zagnitko
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - David A Scott
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Chao Xing
- McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Bei B Zhang
- Lilly China Research and Development Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua V Lin
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
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Apostolopoulou M, Gordillo R, Koliaki C, Gancheva S, Jelenik T, Herder C, Markgraf D, Scherer PE, Roden M. Serum and hepatic sphingolipids relate to insulin resistance, hepatic mitochondrial capacity and oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Apostolopoulou
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - R Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, United States
| | - C Koliaki
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - S Gancheva
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - T Jelenik
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - C Herder
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - D Markgraf
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - PE Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, United States
| | - M Roden
- Institut für klinische Diabetologie, Deutsches Diabetes-Zentrum, Leibniz-Zentrum für Diabetes-Forschung an der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Tao C, Holland WL, Wang QA, Shao M, Jia L, Sun K, Lin X, Kuo YC, Johnson JA, Gordillo R, Elmquist JK, Scherer PE. Short-Term Versus Long-Term Effects of Adipocyte Toll-Like Receptor 4 Activation on Insulin Resistance in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2017; 158:1260-1270. [PMID: 28323977 PMCID: PMC5460839 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high-saturated fat diets (HFDs) increases the prevalence of obesity and contributes to the development of low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. A possible mediator accounting for obesity-associated inflammation and insulin resistance is Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We investigated the role of adipocyte TLR4 in lipid and glucose homeostasis through an inducible, adipocyte-specific deletion of TLR4 in a mouse model that is referred to as the "Tadipo" mouse. Consistent with a critical role for inflammation as a positive force for healthy adipose tissue expansion, chronic HFD exposure results in exacerbated whole-body and muscle insulin resistance in the absence of TLR4 in the adipocyte. Elimination of TLR4 in adipocytes affects TLR4 expression in other tissues, with reduced TLR4 expression in peritoneal macrophages and in the liver. In contrast, TLR4 deletion from adipocytes protects whole-body insulin sensitivity after an acute lipid challenge during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Our results therefore demonstrate dichotomous effects of TLR4 on adipose tissue functionality, with an important positive role of TLR4 during a chronic HFD challenge due to the lack of adipose tissue remodeling and a negative role of TLR4 as a mediator of insulin resistance in the adipocyte during an acute challenge with saturated fatty acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Tao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - William L. Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Qiong A. Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Mengle Shao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Lin Jia
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Kai Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Xiaoli Lin
- Metabolic Phenotyping Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Yi-Chun Kuo
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Joshua A. Johnson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
- Metabolic Phenotyping Core, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Joel K. Elmquist
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
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Deng Y, Wang ZV, Gordillo R, An Y, Zhang C, Liang Q, Yoshino J, Cautivo KM, De Brabander J, Elmquist JK, Horton JD, Hill JA, Klein S, Scherer PE. An adipo-biliary-uridine axis that regulates energy homeostasis. Science 2017; 355:355/6330/eaaf5375. [PMID: 28302796 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaf5375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Uridine, a pyrimidine nucleoside present at high levels in the plasma of rodents and humans, is critical for RNA synthesis, glycogen deposition, and many other essential cellular processes. It also contributes to systemic metabolism, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We found that plasma uridine levels are regulated by fasting and refeeding in mice, rats, and humans. Fasting increases plasma uridine levels, and this increase relies largely on adipocytes. In contrast, refeeding reduces plasma uridine levels through biliary clearance. Elevation of plasma uridine is required for the drop in body temperature that occurs during fasting. Further, feeding-induced clearance of plasma uridine improves glucose metabolism. We also present findings that implicate leptin signaling in uridine homeostasis and consequent metabolic control and thermoregulation. Our results indicate that plasma uridine governs energy homeostasis and thermoregulation in a mechanism involving adipocyte-dependent uridine biosynthesis and leptin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhao V Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Chen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Qiren Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jun Yoshino
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Kelly M Cautivo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jef De Brabander
- Department of Biochemistry and Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joel K Elmquist
- Division of Hypothalamic Research, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jay D Horton
- Department of Molecular Genetics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Joseph A Hill
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Samuel Klein
- Center for Human Nutrition, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Miller M, Tam AB, Mueller JL, Rosenthal P, Beppu A, Gordillo R, McGeough MD, Vuong C, Doherty TA, Hoffman HM, Niwa M, Broide DH. Cutting Edge: Targeting Epithelial ORMDL3 Increases, Rather than Reduces, Airway Responsiveness and Is Associated with Increased Sphingosine-1-Phosphate. J Immunol 2017; 198:3017-3022. [PMID: 28275141 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used cre-lox techniques to generate mice selectively deficient in ORMDL3 in airway epithelium (Ormdl3Δ2-3/Δ2-3/CC10) to simulate an inhaled therapy that effectively inhibited ORMDL3 expression in the airway. In contrast to the anticipated reduction in airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), OVA allergen-challenged Ormdl3Δ2-3/Δ2-3/CC10 mice had a significant increase in AHR compared with wild-type mice. Levels of airway inflammation, mucus, fibrosis, and airway smooth muscle were no different in Ormdl3Δ2-3/Δ2-3/CC10 and wild-type mice. However, levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) were significantly increased in Ormdl3Δ2-3/Δ2-3/CC10 mice as well as in airway epithelial cells in which ORMDL3 was inhibited with small interfering RNA. Incubation of S1P with airway smooth muscle cells significantly increased contractility. Overall, Ormdl3Δ2-3/Δ2-3/CC10 mice exhibit increased allergen-induced AHR independent of inflammation and associated with increased S1P generation. These studies raise concerns for inhaled therapies that selectively and effectively inhibit ORMDL3 in airway epithelium in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Arvin B Tam
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - James L Mueller
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Peter Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Andrew Beppu
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
| | - Matthew D McGeough
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Christine Vuong
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Taylor A Doherty
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Hal M Hoffman
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093.,Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093; and
| | - Maho Niwa
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - David H Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093;
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Holland WL, Xia JY, Johnson JA, Sun K, Pearson MJ, Sharma AX, Quittner-Strom E, Tippetts TS, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Inducible overexpression of adiponectin receptors highlight the roles of adiponectin-induced ceramidase signaling in lipid and glucose homeostasis. Mol Metab 2017; 6:267-275. [PMID: 28271033 PMCID: PMC5323887 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Adiponectin and the signaling induced by its cognate receptors, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, have garnered attention for their ability to promote insulin sensitivity and oppose steatosis. Activation of these receptors promotes the deacylation of ceramide, a lipid metabolite that appears to play a causal role in impairing insulin signaling. Methods Here, we have developed transgenic mice that overexpress AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 under the inducible control of a tetracycline response element. These represent the first inducible genetic models that acutely manipulate adiponectin receptor signaling in adult mouse tissues, which allows us to directly assess AdipoR signaling on glucose and lipid metabolism. Results Overexpression of either adiponectin receptor isoform in the adipocyte or hepatocyte is sufficient to enhance ceramidase activity, whole body glucose metabolism, and hepatic insulin sensitivity, while opposing hepatic steatosis. Importantly, metabolic improvements fail to occur in an adiponectin knockout background. When challenged with a leptin-deficient genetic model of type 2 diabetes, AdipoR2 expression in adipose or liver is sufficient to reverse hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance. Conclusion These observations reveal that adiponectin is critical for AdipoR-induced ceramidase activation which enhances hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism via rapidly acting “cross-talk” between liver and adipose tissue sphingolipids. Adiponectin receptor signaling in adipose prompts beneficial effects on whole-body glucose and lipid metabolism. The small molecule adiponectin receptor antagonist AdipoRon lowers hepatic ceramides. Depletion of ceramides in adipocytes results in diminished hepatic ceramide accumulation. Depletion of ceramides in hepatocytes results in diminished adipose sphingolipid accumulation. Adiponectin is essential for the beneficial effects of adiponectin receptors on glucose, ceramide, and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA.
| | - Jonathan Y Xia
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Joshua A Johnson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Center for Metabolic and Degenerative Diseases, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mackenzie J Pearson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Ankit X Sharma
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Ezekiel Quittner-Strom
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Trevor S Tippetts
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA; Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8549, USA
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Miller M, Rosenthal P, Beppu A, Gordillo R, Broide DH. Oroscomucoid like protein 3 (ORMDL3) transgenic mice have reduced levels of sphingolipids including sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2016; 139:1373-1376.e4. [PMID: 27826095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.08.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Miller
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Peter Rosenthal
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Andrew Beppu
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex
| | - David H Broide
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, Calif.
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Kursawe R, Dixit VD, Scherer PE, Santoro N, Narayan D, Gordillo R, Giannini C, Lopez X, Pierpont B, Nouws J, Shulman GI, Caprio S. A Role of the Inflammasome in the Low Storage Capacity of the Abdominal Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Obese Adolescents. Diabetes 2016; 65:610-8. [PMID: 26718495 PMCID: PMC4764142 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The innate immune cell sensor leucine-rich-containing family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome controls the activation of caspase-1, and the release of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in adipose tissue inflammation and the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that adipose tissue inflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome are linked to the downregulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) adipogenesis/lipogenesis in obese adolescents with altered abdominal fat partitioning. We performed abdominal SAT biopsies on 58 obese adolescents and grouped them by MRI-derived visceral fat to visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plus SAT (VAT/VAT+SAT) ratio (cutoff 0.11). Adolescents with a high VAT/VAT+SAT ratio showed higher SAT macrophage infiltration and higher expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome-related genes (i.e., TLR4, NLRP3, IL1B, and CASP1). The increase in inflammation markers was paralleled by a decrease in genes related to insulin sensitivity (ADIPOQ, GLUT4, PPARG2, and SIRT1) and lipogenesis (SREBP1c, ACC, LPL, and FASN). Furthermore, SAT ceramide concentrations correlated with the expression of CASP1 and IL1B. Infiltration of macrophages and upregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome together with the associated high ceramide content in the plasma and SAT of obese adolescents with a high VAT/VAT+SAT may contribute to the limited expansion of the subcutaneous abdominal adipose depot and the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romy Kursawe
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Vishwa D Dixit
- Section of Comparative Medicine, Yale Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, and Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nicola Santoro
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Deepak Narayan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Internal Medicine, Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Cosimo Giannini
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Ximena Lopez
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Bridget Pierpont
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Jessica Nouws
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD
| | - Sonia Caprio
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
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Rodríguez A, Gordillo R, Andrade M, Córdoba J, Rodríguez M. Development of an efficient real-time PCR assay to quantify enterotoxin-producing staphylococci in meat products. Food Control 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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41
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Warshauer JT, Lopez X, Gordillo R, Hicks J, Holland WL, Anuwe E, Blankfard MB, Scherer PE, Lingvay I. Effect of pioglitazone on plasma ceramides in adults with metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2015; 31:734-44. [PMID: 25959529 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.2662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) appears closely linked with ceramide accumulation, inducing insulin resistance and toxicity to multiple cell types. Animal studies demonstrate that thiazolidinediones (TZDs) reduce ceramide concentrations in plasma and skeletal muscle and support lowering of ceramide levels as a potential mediator of TZDs' mechanism of action in reducing insulin resistance; however, studies in humans have yet to be reported. This study investigated the effects of pioglitazone therapy on plasma ceramides to understand the mechanism by which TZDs improve insulin resistance in MetS. METHODS Thirty-seven subjects with MetS were studied in a single-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing pioglitazone to placebo. Data were collected at baseline and after 6 months of therapy. The primary endpoint was the change from baseline in plasma ceramide concentrations. RESULTS Treatment with pioglitazone for 6 months, compared with placebo, significantly reduced multiple plasma ceramide concentrations: C18:0 (p = 0.001), C20:0 (p = 0.0004), C24 : 1 (p = 0.009), dihydroceramide C18 :0 (p = 0.005), dihydroceramide C24:1 (p = 0.004), lactosylceramide C16:0 (p = 0.02) and the hexosylceramides C16:0 (p = 0.0003), C18 : 0 (p = 0.00001), C22:0 (p = 0.00002) and C24:1 (p = 0.0006). Additionally, significant reductions were found when ceramides were grouped by species: ceramides (p = 0.03), dihydroceramides (p = 0.02), hexosylceramides (p = 0.00001) and lactosylceramides (p = 0.02). The total of all measured ceramides was also significantly reduced (p = 0.001). Following treatment with pioglitazone, the decrease in some ceramide species correlated negatively with the change in insulin sensitivity (dihydroceramide C16:0, r = -0.54; p = 0.02) and positively with total (lactosylceramide C24:0, r = 0.53; p = 0.02) and high molecular weight (lactosylceramide C24:0, r = 0.48; p = 0.05) adiponectin measurements; however, significant associations with changes in liver fat and glycemic control reduction were not found. CONCLUSIONS Pioglitazone in individuals with MetS induces a potent decrease in plasma ceramides, and some of the changes correlate with changes in insulin resistance and adiponectin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ximena Lopez
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Hicks
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | - Estelle Anuwe
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Ildiko Lingvay
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Xia JY, Holland WL, Kusminski CM, Sun K, Sharma AX, Pearson MJ, Sifuentes AJ, McDonald JG, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Targeted Induction of Ceramide Degradation Leads to Improved Systemic Metabolism and Reduced Hepatic Steatosis. Cell Metab 2015; 22:266-278. [PMID: 26190650 PMCID: PMC4527941 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids have garnered attention for their role in insulin resistance and lipotoxic cell death. We have developed transgenic mice inducibly expressing acid ceramidase that display a reduction in ceramides in adult mouse tissues. Hepatic overexpression of acid ceramidase prevents hepatic steatosis and prompts improvements in insulin action in liver and adipose tissue upon exposure to high-fat diet. Conversely, overexpression of acid ceramidase within adipose tissue also prevents hepatic steatosis and systemic insulin resistance. Induction of ceramidase activity in either tissue promotes a lowering of hepatic ceramides and reduced activation of the ceramide-activated protein kinase C isoform PKCζ, though the induction of ceramidase activity in the adipocyte prompts more rapid resolution of hepatic steatosis than overexpression of the enzyme directly in the liver. Collectively, our observations suggest the existence of a rapidly acting "cross-talk" between liver and adipose tissue sphingolipids, critically regulating glucose metabolism and hepatic lipid uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y. Xia
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - William L. Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Christine M. Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Kai Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Ankit X. Sharma
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Mackenzie J. Pearson
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Angelika J. Sifuentes
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Jeffrey G. McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390-8549, USA, , Tel: 214-648-8715. Fax: 214-648-8720
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Ye R, Holland WL, Gordillo R, Wang M, Wang QA, Shao M, Morley TS, Gupta RK, Stahl A, Scherer PE. Adiponectin is essential for lipid homeostasis and survival under insulin deficiency and promotes β-cell regeneration. eLife 2014; 3. [PMID: 25339419 PMCID: PMC4228265 DOI: 10.7554/elife.03851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
As an adipokine in circulation, adiponectin has been extensively studied for its beneficial metabolic effects. While many important functions have been attributed to adiponectin under high-fat diet conditions, little is known about its essential role under regular chow. Employing a mouse model with inducible, acute β-cell ablation, we uncovered an essential role of adiponectin under insulinopenic conditions to maintain minimal lipid homeostasis. When insulin levels are marginal, adiponectin is critical for insulin signaling, endocytosis, and lipid uptake in subcutaneous white adipose tissue. In the absence of both insulin and adiponectin, severe lipoatrophy and hyperlipidemia lead to lethality. In contrast, elevated adiponectin levels improve systemic lipid metabolism in the near absence of insulin. Moreover, adiponectin is sufficient to mitigate local lipotoxicity in pancreatic islets, and it promotes reconstitution of β-cell mass, eventually reinstating glycemic control. We uncovered an essential new role for adiponectin, with major implications for type 1 diabetes. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03851.001 Fat tissue is essential for health. Fat cells store energy and release it when it is needed; they also release hormones that are important for the health of our heart and for regulating our metabolism. One of these hormones, adiponectin, helps cells to remove fat molecules from the bloodstream. This allows the body to maintain appropriate cholesterol levels and prevents fatty build-ups from blocking blood vessels, which is associated with heart disease. Adiponectin also helps cells respond to insulin, a hormone that regulates blood sugar levels, and thus helps to prevent diabetes. Despite this hormone's important roles in health, mice that lack adiponectin can thrive under normal conditions. Adiponectin becomes essential, however, when blood sugar or fat levels are considerably altered. For example, when mice without adiponectin are fed a high fat-content diet, they become insulin-resistant. Moreover, certain diabetes drugs that boost insulin sensitivity only work if adiponectin is present in the body. Adiponectin helps to keep the β-cells that produce insulin alive. In patients with diabetes, β-cells slowly die, and this leads to a poor insulin response and an imbalance in the amount of fats and sugars in the cells. This is toxic to the β-cells; and as more β-cells die, less insulin is produced to control sugar levels, and the condition worsens. Adiponectin appears to protect the β-cells against this vicious cycle, but the details of how it does so are unclear. Ye et al. used a mouse model in which β-cells were destroyed to see what adiponectin does when insulin is in short supply. When insulin levels were extremely low, adiponectin was found to help one type of fat tissue absorb fat molecules from the bloodstream, which reduced blood cholesterol levels. It also protects fat cells from being destroyed when insulin levels are low. Ye et al. also found that mice that lack both insulin and adiponectin lose excessive amounts of fat tissue and develop high blood cholesterol levels, which lead to death. Increasing adiponectin levels in insulin-deficient mice, however, improves their blood cholesterol levels and protects β-cells from being destroyed. This allows the β-cells to begin regenerating. As the β-cells regenerate, the insulin-deficient mice developed better control over their blood sugar. Many people with type-1 diabetes (which is caused by their own immune system destroying their β-cells) currently rely on insulin injections and restricted diets to manage their condition. Ye et al.'s findings might lead to new strategies to restore β-cell production and blood sugar control; as such these findings will have important implications for the management of type-1 diabetes. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03851.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Risheng Ye
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - William L Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Miao Wang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Qiong A Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Mengle Shao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Thomas S Morley
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Rana K Gupta
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
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Morselli E, Fuente-Martin E, Finan B, Kim M, Frank A, Garcia-Caceres C, Navas CR, Gordillo R, Neinast M, Kalainayakan SP, Li DL, Gao Y, Yi CX, Hahner L, Palmer BF, Tschöp MH, Clegg DJ. Hypothalamic PGC-1α protects against high-fat diet exposure by regulating ERα. Cell Rep 2014; 9:633-45. [PMID: 25373903 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diets (HFDs) lead to obesity and inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS). Estrogens and estrogen receptor α (ERα) protect premenopausal females from the metabolic complications of inflammation and obesity-related disease. Here, we demonstrate that hypothalamic PGC-1α regulates ERα and inflammation in vivo. HFD significantly increased palmitic acid (PA) and sphingolipids in the CNS of male mice when compared to female mice. PA, in vitro, and HFD, in vivo, reduced PGC-1α and ERα in hypothalamic neurons and astrocytes of male mice and promoted inflammation. PGC-1α depletion with ERα overexpression significantly inhibited PA-induced inflammation, confirming that ERα is a critical determinant of the anti-inflammatory response. Physiologic relevance of ERα-regulated inflammation was demonstrated by reduced myocardial function in male, but not female, mice following chronic HFD exposure. Our findings show that HFD/PA reduces PGC-1α and ERα, promoting inflammation and decrements in myocardial function in a sex-specific way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 8331150 Santiago, Chile
| | - Esther Fuente-Martin
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Department of Medicine, Technical university Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Brian Finan
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Department of Medicine, Technical university Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Aaron Frank
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Cristina Garcia-Caceres
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Department of Medicine, Technical university Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Carlos Rodriguez Navas
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Michael Neinast
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Sarada P Kalainayakan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Dan L Li
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yuanqing Gao
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Department of Medicine, Technical university Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Chun-Xia Yi
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Department of Medicine, Technical university Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa Hahner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Biff F Palmer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA
| | - Matthias H Tschöp
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Department of Medicine, Technical university Munich, 85748 Munich, Germany
| | - Deborah J Clegg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8857, USA; Department of Biomedical Research, Diabetes and Obesity Research Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
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Aboudehen K, Patel V, Kim M, Xie Y, McDonald J, Gordillo R, Igarashi P. Identification of hepatocyte nuclear factor‐1β gene regulatory networks in mouse kidney cells (690.9). FASEB J 2014. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.690.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karam Aboudehen
- Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
| | - Vishal Patel
- Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
| | - Min Kim
- Clinical Science University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
| | - Yang Xie
- Clinical Science University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
| | - Jeffrey McDonald
- Molecular Genetics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
| | - Peter Igarashi
- Internal Medicine University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUnited States
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Mitsnefes M, Scherer PE, Friedman LA, Gordillo R, Furth S, Warady BA. Ceramides and cardiac function in children with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr Nephrol 2014; 29:415-22. [PMID: 24389650 PMCID: PMC4068150 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-013-2642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased incidence of cardiac dysfunction. Recent animal studies have demonstrated that elevated levels of ceramides cause dilated lipotoxic cardiomyopathy. We hypothesized ceramides are increased in children with CKD and associated with abnormal cardiac structure and function. METHODS Ceramide levels were determined in 93 children aged 1-16 years enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study and compared to levels from 24 healthy controls. Complete demographic, clinical, and laboratory information, and ceramide measurements were analyzed cross-sectionally. Echocardiography was performed to determine cardiac structure and function. RESULTS Very long-chain C24:0 ceramides were the most abundant species in both control (56 %) and CKD subjects (55 %), followed by C24:1 (controls 19 %, CKD 23 %) and C22:0 (controls 19 %, CKD 13 %). Total serum ceramide levels were significantly higher in CKD children versus controls (p < 0.001). Ceramide metabolites lactosylceramide, C24:0L, and C16:0L were significantly higher in CKD subjects than controls (p < 0.001). The proportion of C24:0L was dramatically higher in CKD (59 %) versus control (17 %) subjects (p < 0.001). In adjusted multivariate analyses, higher log10C24:0L and log10C16:0L were significant predictors of lower shortening fraction and mid-wall shortening. CONCLUSIONS Ceramide levels are increased in children with CKD. Our study identified lactosylceramides as an independent predictor of lower systolic function in these children.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Biomarkers/blood
- Case-Control Studies
- Ceramides/blood
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Echocardiography, Doppler
- Female
- Humans
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/diagnostic imaging
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/etiology
- Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular/physiopathology
- Infant
- Lactosylceramides/blood
- Linear Models
- Male
- Multivariate Analysis
- Myocardial Contraction
- North America
- Pilot Projects
- Prospective Studies
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/blood
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis
- Risk Factors
- Up-Regulation
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/diagnostic imaging
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/etiology
- Ventricular Dysfunction, Left/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Left
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mitsnefes
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, MLC: 7022, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH, 45229-3039, USA,
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Haller M, Van Biesen W, Webster AC, Vanholder R, Nagler EV, Lee JE, Kim SK, Park SK, Yun GY, Choi HY, Ha SK, Park HC, Hernandez-Sevillano B, Rodriguez JR, Perez del Valle K, de Lorenzo A, Salas P, Bienvenido M, Sanchez-Heras M, Basterrechea MA, Tallon S, de Arriba G, Greenberg A, Verbalis J, Burst V, Haymann JP, Poch E, Chiodo J, Nagler EV, Vanmassenhove J, van der Veer SN, Nistor I, Van Biesen W, Webster AC, Vanholder R, Pignataro A, Alfieri V, Cesano G, Timbaldi M, Torta E, Boero R, Nagler EV, Haller MC, Van Biesen W, Vanholder R, Webster AC, Cucchiari D, Podesta M, Merizzoli E, Angelini C, Badalamenti S, Alves MT, Moyses RM, Jorgetti V, Heilberg I, Menon V, Lhotta K, Muendlein A, Meusburger E, Zitt E, Bijarnia R, Pasch A, Hwang SW, Lee CH, Kim GH, Leckstrom D, Pereira C, Bultitude M, McGrath A, Goldsmith DJ, Vasquez D, Fernandez B, Palomo S, Aller C, Gordillo R, Perez V, Bustamante J, Coca A, Vitale C, Bagnis C, Tricerri A, Gallo L, Dutto F, Migliardi M, Marangella M, Outerelo C, Figueiredo P, Freitas J, Teixeira Costa F, Ramos A, Rambod M, Melikterminas E, Atallah H, Saadi M, Connery S, Mulla Z, Tolouian R, Cristofaro R, Masola V, Ceol M, Priante G, Familiari A, Gambaro G, Anglani F. Acid-base / electrolytes / nephrolithiasis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Holland WL, Adams AC, Brozinick JT, Bui HH, Miyauchi Y, Kusminski CM, Bauer SM, Wade M, Singhal E, Cheng CC, Volk K, Kuo MS, Gordillo R, Kharitonenkov A, Scherer PE. An FGF21-adiponectin-ceramide axis controls energy expenditure and insulin action in mice. Cell Metab 2013; 17:790-7. [PMID: 23663742 PMCID: PMC3667496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 407] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Revised: 01/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
FGF21, a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) superfamily, has recently emerged as a regulator of metabolism and energy utilization. However, the exact mechanism(s) whereby FGF21 mediates its actions have not been elucidated. There is considerable evidence that insulin resistance may arise from aberrant accumulation of intracellular lipids in insulin-responsive tissues due to lipotoxicity. In particular, the sphingolipid ceramide has been implicated in this process. Here, we show that FGF21 rapidly and robustly stimulates adiponectin secretion in rodents while diminishing accumulation of ceramides in obese animals. Importantly, adiponectin-knockout mice are refractory to changes in energy expenditure and ceramide-lowering effects evoked by FGF21 administration. Moreover, FGF21 lowers blood glucose levels and enhances insulin sensitivity in diabetic Lep(ob/ob) mice and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice only when adiponectin is functionally present. Collectively, these data suggest that FGF21 is a potent regulator of adiponectin secretion and that FGF21 critically depends on adiponectin to exert its glycemic and insulin sensitizing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L. Holland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Andrew C. Adams
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Joseph T. Brozinick
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Hai H. Bui
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Yukiko Miyauchi
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | | | - Steven M. Bauer
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Mark Wade
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Esha Singhal
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Christine C. Cheng
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Katherine Volk
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ming-Shang Kuo
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
| | - Alexei Kharitonenkov
- Lilly Research Laboratories, Division of Eli Lilly and Co., Indianapolis, Indiana
- Corresponding Authors: Alexei Kharitonenkov, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA 46285, Telephone: (317) 276-0091, Fax: (317) 277-2934, . Philipp E. Scherer, Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA 75390-8549, Telephone: (214) 648-8715, Fax: (214) 648-8720,
| | - Philipp E. Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8549
- Corresponding Authors: Alexei Kharitonenkov, Lilly Research Laboratories, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA 46285, Telephone: (317) 276-0091, Fax: (317) 277-2934, . Philipp E. Scherer, Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA 75390-8549, Telephone: (214) 648-8715, Fax: (214) 648-8720,
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Borras M, Roig J, Betriu A, Vilar A, Hernandez M, Martin M, Fernandez ED, Dounousi E, Kiatou V, Papagianni A, Zikou X, Pappas K, Pappas E, Tatsioni A, Tsakiris D, Siamopoulos KC, Kim JK, Kim Y, Kim SG, Kim HJ, Ahn SY, Chin HJ, Oh KH, Ahn C, Chae DW, Yazici R, Altintepe L, Bakdik S, Guney I, Arslan S, Topal M, Karagoz A, Stefan G, Mircescu G, Capusa C, Stancu S, Petrescu L, Alecu S, Nedelcu D, Bennett AHL, Pham H, Garrity M, Magdeleyns E, Vermeer C, Zhang M, Ni Z, Zhu M, Yan J, Mou S, Wang Q, Qian J, Saade A, Karavetian M, ElZein H, de Vries N, de Haseth DE, Lay Penne E, van Dam B, Bax WA, Bots ML, Grooteman MPC, van den Dorpel RA, Blankenstijn PJ, Nube MJ, Wee PM, Park JH, Jo YI, Lee JH, Cianfrone P, Comi N, Lucisano G, Piraina V, Talarico R, Fuiano G, Toyonaga M, Fukami K, Yamagishi SI, Kaida Y, Nakayama Y, Ando R, Obara N, Ueda S, Okuda S, Granatova J, Havrda M, Hruskova Z, Tesar V, Viklicky O, Rysava R, Rychlik I, Kratka K, Honsova E, Vernerova Z, Maluskova J, Vranova J, Bolkova M, Borecka K, Benakova H, Zima T, Lu KC, Yang HY, Su SL, Cao YH, Lv LL, Liu BC, Zeng R, Gao XF, Deng YY, Boelaert J, t' Kindt R, Glorieux G, Schepers E, Jorge L, Neirynck N, Lynen F, Sandra P, Sandra K, Vanholder R, Yamamoto T, Nameta M, Yoshida Y, Uhlen M, Shi Y, Tang J, Zhang J, An Y, Liao Y, Li Y, Tao Y, Wang L, Koibuchi K, Tanaka K, Aoki T, Miyagi M, Sakai K, Aikawa A, Martins AR, Branco PQ, Serra FM, Matias PJ, Lucas CP, Adragao T, Duarte J, Oliveira MM, Saraiva AM, Barata JD, Masola V, Zaza G, Granata S, Proglio M, Pontrelli P, Abaterusso C, Schena F, Gesualdo L, Gambaro G, Lupo A, Pruijm M, Hofmann L, Stuber M, Zweiacker C, Piskunowicz M, Muller ME, Vogt B, Burnier M, Togashi N, Yamashita T, Mita T, Ohnuma Y, Hasegawa T, Endo T, Tsuchida A, Ando T, Yoshida H, Miura T, Bevins A, Assi L, Ritchie J, Jesky M, Stringer S, Kalra P, Hutchison C, Harding S, Cockwell P, Viccica G, Cupisti A, Chiavistelli S, Borsari S, Pardi E, Centoni R, Fumagalli G, Cetani F, Marcocci C, Scully P, O'Flaherty D, Sankaralingam A, Hampson G, Goldsmith DJ, Pallet N, Chauvet S, Beaune P, Nochy D, Thervet E, Karras A, Bertho G, Gallyamov MG, Saginova EA, Severova MM, Krasnova TN, Kopylova AA, Cho E, Jo SK, Kim MG, Cho WY, kim HK, Trivin C, Metzger M, Boffa JJ, Vrtovsnik F, Houiller P, Haymann JP, Flamant M, Stengel B, Thervet E, Roozbeh J, Yavari V, Pakfetrat M, Zolghadr AA, Kim CS, Kim MJ, Kang YU, Choi JS, Bae EH, Ma SK, Kim SW, Lemoine S, Guebre-Egziabher F, Dubourg L, Hadj-Aissa A, Blumberg S, Katzir Z, Biro A, Cernes R, Barnea Z, Vasquez D, Gordillo R, Aller C, Fernandez B, Jabary N, Perez V, Mendiluce A, Bustamante J, Coca A, Goek ON, Sekula P, Prehn C, Meisinger C, Gieger C, Suhre K, Adamski J, Kastenmuller G, Kottgen A, Kuzniewski M, Fedak D, Dumnicka P, Solnica B, Kusnierz-Cabala B, Kapusta M, Sulowicz W, Drozdz R, Zawada AM, Rogacev KS, Hummel B, Fliser D, Geisel J, Heine GH, Kretschmer A, Volsek M, Krahn T, Kolkhof P, Kribben A, Bruck H, Koh ES, Chung S, Yoon HE, Park CW, 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Lab methods / biomarkers. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gft108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Lopez X, Goldfine AB, Holland WL, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Plasma ceramides are elevated in female children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2013; 26:995-8. [PMID: 23612696 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2012-0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of ceramides within tissues induces insulin resistance. Moreover, adiponectin exerts its beneficial metabolic effects at least partially through ceramide catabolism. We hypothesized that specific plasma ceramide subspecies are elevated in obese children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes (T2D), and that they inversely correlate with adiponectin and measures of insulin sensitivity. This was a cross-sectional study. Participants included 14 obese female subjects with T2D, ages 10-17, and 14 lean healthy controls of the same age and gender. Fasting plasma ceramide subspecies were measured by quantitative tandem mass spectrometry. Subjects with T2D had higher concentrations of C22:0 and C20:0 ceramides, with a 2-fold increase in C18:0 ceramide and C24:1 dihydroceramide (p<0.05). C22:0, C20:0 and C18:0 ceramide correlated with decreased adiponectin concentrations, increased HOMA-IR, BMI Z-score, triglyceride and fasting blood glucose concentrations (p<0.05). Plasma levels of C18:0, C20:0 and C22:0 ceramide, as well as C24:1 dihydroceramide, were elevated in obese female children and adolescents with T2D. This may be a reflection of tissue insulin resistance and could be a result of low adiponectin levels.
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