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Pan X, Hu S, Xu Y, Gopoju R, Zhu Y, Cassim Bawa FN, Wang H, Wang J, Batayneh Z, Clark A, Zeng Y, Lin L, Wang X, Yin L, Zhang Y. Krüppel-like factor 10 protects against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis by regulating HNF4α-mediated metabolic pathways. Metabolism 2024; 155:155909. [PMID: 38582490 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2024.155909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Krüppel-like factor 10 (KLF10), a zinc finger transcription factor, plays a pivotal role in modulating TGF-β-mediated cellular processes such as growth, apoptosis, and differentiation. Recent studies have implicated KLF10 in regulating lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. This study aimed to elucidate the precise role of hepatic KLF10 in developing metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) in diet-induced obese mice. METHODS We investigated hepatic KLF10 expression under metabolic stress and the effects of overexpression or ablation of hepatic KLF10 on MASH development and lipidemia. We also determined whether hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) mediated the metabolic effects of KLF10. RESULTS Hepatic KLF10 was downregulated in MASH patients and genetically or diet-induced obese mice. AAV8-mediated overexpression of KLF10 in hepatocytes prevented Western diet-induced hypercholesterolemia and steatohepatitis, whereas inactivation of hepatocyte KLF10 aggravated Western diet-induced steatohepatitis. Mechanistically, KLF10 reduced hepatic triglyceride and free fatty acid levels by inducing lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation and inhibiting lipogenesis, and reducing hepatic cholesterol levels by promoting bile acid synthesis. KLF10 highly induced HNF4α expression by directly binding to its promoter. The beneficial effect of KLF10 on MASH development was abolished in mice lacking hepatocyte HNF4α. In addition, the inactivation of KLF10 in hepatic stellate cells exacerbated Western diet-induced liver fibrosis by activating the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our data collectively suggest that the transcription factor KLF10 plays a hepatoprotective role in MASH development by inducing HNF4α. Targeting hepatic KLF10 may offer a promising strategy for treating MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Pan
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Shuwei Hu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yanyong Xu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Raja Gopoju
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yingdong Zhu
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Fathima N Cassim Bawa
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Jiayou Wang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Zaid Batayneh
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Alyssa Clark
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yuhao Zeng
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Li Lin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Xinwen Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Liya Yin
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA.
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Shen Z, Zhang S, Gao Z, Yu X, Wang J, Pan S, Kang N, Liu N, Xu H, Liu M, Yang Y, Deng Q, Liu J, Xie Y, Zhang J. Intrahepatic homeobox protein MSX-1 is a novel host restriction factor of hepatitis B virus. J Virol 2024; 98:e0134523. [PMID: 38226815 PMCID: PMC10878074 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01345-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (CHB) is a risk factor for the development of liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Covalently closed circular DNA serves as the sole transcription template for all viral RNAs and viral transcription is driven and enhanced by viral promoter and enhancer elements, respectively. Interactions between transcription factors and these cis-elements regulate their activities and change the production levels of viral RNAs. Here, we report the identification of homeobox protein MSX-1 (MSX1) as a novel host restriction factor of HBV in liver. In both HBV-transfected and HBV-infected cells, MSX1 suppresses viral gene expression and genome replication. Mechanistically, MSX1 downregulates enhancer II/core promoter (EnII/Cp) activity via direct binding to an MSX1 responsive element within EnII/Cp, and such binding competes with hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α binding to EnII/Cp due to partial overlap between their respective binding sites. Furthermore, CHB patients in immune active phase express higher levels of intrahepatic MSX1 but relatively lower levels of serum and intrahepatic HBV markers compared to those in immune tolerant phase. Finally, MSX1 was demonstrated to induce viral clearance in two mouse models of HBV persistence, suggesting possible therapeutic potential for CHB.IMPORTANCECovalently closed circular DNA plays a key role for the persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) since it serves as the template for viral transcription. Identification of transcription factors that regulate HBV transcription not only provides insights into molecular mechanisms of viral life cycle regulation but may also provide potential antiviral targets. In this work, we identified host MSX1 as a novel restriction factor of HBV transcription. Meanwhile, we observed higher intrahepatic MSX1 expression in chronic hepatitis B virus (CHB) patients in immune active phase compared to those in immune tolerant phase, suggesting possible involvement of MSX1 in the regulation of HBV activity by the host. Lastly, intrahepatic overexpression of MSX1 delivered by recombinant adenoviruses into two mouse models of HBV persistence demonstrated MSX1-mediated repression of HBV in vivo, and MSX1-induced clearance of intrahepatic HBV DNA in treated mice suggested its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongliang Shen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenyan Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zixiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueping Yu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Hospital of Quanzhou Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaokun Pan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youhua Xie
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiming Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (Ministry of Education/National Health Commission/Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences), Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Pathogenic Microbes and Infection, Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Matsumoto S, Kikuchi A. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in liver biology and tumorigenesis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00858-7. [PMID: 38379098 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that controls fundamental physiological and pathological processes by regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway enables liver homeostasis by inducing differentiation and contributes to liver-specific features such as metabolic zonation and regeneration. In contrast, abnormalities in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway promote the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Similarly, hepatoblastoma, the most common childhood liver cancer, is frequently associated with β-catenin mutations, which activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling. HCCs with activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway have unique gene expression patterns and pathological and clinical features. Accordingly, they are highly differentiated with retaining hepatocyte-like characteristics and tumorigenic. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in HCC also alters the state of immune cells, causing "immune evasion" with inducing resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors, which have recently become widely used to treat HCC. Activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling exhibits these phenomena in liver tumorigenesis through the expression of downstream target genes, and the molecular basis is still poorly understood. In this review, we describe the physiological roles of Wnt/b-catenin signaling and then discuss their characteristic changes by the abnormal activation of Wnt/b-catenin signaling. Clarification of the mechanism would contribute to the development of therapeutic agents in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Matsumoto
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Akira Kikuchi
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
- Center of Infectious Disease Education and Research (CiDER), Osaka University, 2-8 Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Qu N, Luan T, Liu N, Kong C, Xu L, Yu H, Kang Y, Han Y. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 a ( HNF4α): A perspective in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115923. [PMID: 38000355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
HNF4α, a transcription factor, plays a vital role in regulating functional genes and biological processes. Its alternative splicing leads to various transcript variants encoding different isoforms. The spotlight has shifted towards the extensive discussion on tumors interplayed withHNF4α abnormalities. Aberrant HNF4α expression has emerged as sentinel markers of epigenetic shifts, casting reverberations upon downstream target genes and intricate signaling pathways, most notably with cancer. This review provides a comprehensive overview of HNF4α's involvement in tumor progression and metastasis, elucidating its role and underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningxin Qu
- The Breast Oncology Dept., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting Luan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Naiquan Liu
- The Nephrological Dept., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chenhui Kong
- The Breast Oncology Dept., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Le Xu
- The Breast Oncology Dept., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hong Yu
- The Breast Oncology Dept., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Kang
- The Pathology Dept, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ye Han
- The Breast Oncology Dept., Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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5
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Onodera T, Kim DS, Ye R, Wang MY, Chen S, Field BC, Straub L, Sun XN, Li C, Lee C, Paredes M, Crewe C, Zhao S, Kusminski CM, Gordillo R, Scherer PE. Protective roles of adiponectin and molecular signatures of HNF4α and PPARα as downstream targets of adiponectin in pancreatic β cells. Mol Metab 2023; 78:101821. [PMID: 37806486 PMCID: PMC10598053 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The disease progression of the metabolic syndrome is associated with prolonged hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance, eventually giving rise to impaired insulin secretion, often concomitant with hypoadiponectinemia. As an adipose tissue derived hormone, adiponectin is beneficial for insulin secretion and β cell health and differentiation. However, the down-stream pathway of adiponectin in the pancreatic islets has not been studied extensively. Here, along with the overall reduction of endocrine pancreatic function in islets from adiponectin KO mice, we examine PPARα and HNF4α as additional down-regulated transcription factors during a prolonged metabolic challenge. To elucidate the function of β cell-specific PPARα and HNF4α expression, we developed doxycycline inducible pancreatic β cell-specific PPARα (β-PPARα) and HNF4α (β-HNF4α) overexpression mice. β-PPARα mice exhibited improved protection from lipotoxicity, but elevated β-oxidative damage in the islets, and also displayed lowered phospholipid levels and impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. β-HNF4α mice showed a more severe phenotype when compared to β-PPARα mice, characterized by lower body weight, small islet mass and impaired insulin secretion. RNA-sequencing of the islets of these models highlights overlapping yet unique roles of β-PPARα and β-HNF4α. Given that β-HNF4α potently induces PPARα expression, we define a novel adiponectin-HNF4α-PPARα cascade. We further analyzed downstream genes consistently regulated by this axis. Among them, the islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) gene is an important target and accumulates in adiponectin KO mice. We propose a new mechanism of IAPP aggregation in type 2 diabetes through reduced adiponectin action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiharu Onodera
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Dae-Seok Kim
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Risheng Ye
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Bianca C Field
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Leon Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Xue-Nan Sun
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Chao Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Megan Paredes
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States.
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Clark AJ, Saade MC, Vemireddy V, Vu KQ, Flores BM, Etzrodt V, Ciampa EJ, Huang H, Takakura A, Zandi-Nejad K, Zsengellér ZK, Parikh SM. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α mediated quinolinate phosphoribosylltransferase (QPRT) expression in the kidney facilitates resilience against acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 2023; 104:1150-1163. [PMID: 37783445 PMCID: PMC10843022 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) levels decline in experimental models of acute kidney injury (AKI). Attenuated enzymatic conversion of tryptophan to NAD+ in tubular epithelium may contribute to adverse cellular and physiological outcomes. Mechanisms underlying defense of tryptophan-dependent NAD+ production are incompletely understood. Here we show that regulation of a bottleneck enzyme in this pathway, quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRT) may contribute to kidney resilience. Expression of QPRT declined in two unrelated models of AKI. Haploinsufficient mice developed worse outcomes compared to littermate controls whereas novel, conditional gain-of-function mice were protected from injury. Applying these findings, we then identified hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) as a candidate transcription factor regulating QPRT expression downstream of the mitochondrial biogenesis regulator and NAD+ biosynthesis inducer PPARgamma coactivator-1-alpha (PGC1α). This was verified by chromatin immunoprecipitation. A PGC1α - HNF4α -QPRT axis controlled NAD+ levels across cellular compartments and modulated cellular ATP. These results propose that tryptophan-dependent NAD+ biosynthesis via QPRT and induced by HNF4α may be a critical determinant of kidney resilience to noxious stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Clark
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA; Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Marie Christelle Saade
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Vamsidhara Vemireddy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kyle Q Vu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Brenda Mendoza Flores
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Valerie Etzrodt
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Erin J Ciampa
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Huihui Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ayumi Takakura
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kambiz Zandi-Nejad
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna K Zsengellér
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Samir M Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Texas, USA.
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Namachivayam A, Valsala Gopalakrishnan A. Effect of Lauric acid against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by modulating oxidative stress/apoptosis signalling and HNF4α in Wistar albino rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21267. [PMID: 37908709 PMCID: PMC10613920 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethanol (EtOH) is most widely used in alcoholic beverages to prepare alcohol. As EtOH is mainly metabolised in the liver, the excessive consumption of EtOH forms a primary toxic metabolic product called acetaldehyde, as the gradual increase in acetaldehyde leads to liver injury, as reported. Lauric acid (LA) is rich in antioxidant, antifungal, antibacterial, anticancer, and antiviral properties. LA is an edible component highly present in coconut oil. However, no report on LA protective effects against the EtOH-instigated hepatotoxicity exists. Therefore, the experiment is carried out to investigate the potency effects of LA on EtOH-instigated hepatotoxicity in thirty male albino rats. Rats were divided into five groups (n-6): control DMSO alone, EtOH -intoxicated, EtOH + LA 180 mg/kg, EtOH + LA 360 mg/kg, and LA alone were administered orally using oral gavage. The study measured body weight every weekend in all rat groups. The rats were sacrificed and assessed for serum markers (alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase), antioxidant activity (superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione peroxidase), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), histopathological, cytokine levels (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), protein expression (caspase 3 and caspase 8 and Bcl-2 and HNF4α) were evaluated after the 56-days study period. The impact of EtOH intoxication reduces the rat's body weight by 90 g, upregulates the liver enzyme markers, depletes the antioxidant levels, produces malondialdehyde, changes the histoarchitecture (periportal inflammation and hepatocyte damage), downregulates the Bcl-2 expressions and HNF4α, and elevates the expression of cytokines and apoptotic markers. LA alleviated EtOH-induced liver toxicity by significant (p < 0.05) modulation of biochemical levels, caspase-8/3 signalling, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, and restoring the normal histoarchitecture, upregulating the Bcl-2 and HNF4α Expressions. In conclusion, LA treatment can protect the liver against EtOH-induced hepatotoxicity, evidenced by alleviating Oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, apoptosis, and upregulation of HNF4α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunraj Namachivayam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
| | - Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632014, India
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Grimaldos Rodriguez C, Rimmer EF, Colleypriest B, Tosh D, Slack JMW, Jungwirth U. Ectopic expression of HNF4α in Het1A cells induces an invasive phenotype. Differentiation 2023; 134:1-10. [PMID: 37690144 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2023.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Barrett's oesophagus (BO) is a pathological condition in which the squamous epithelium of the distal oesophagus is replaced by an intestinal-like columnar epithelium originating from the gastric cardia. Several somatic mutations contribute to the intestinal-like metaplasia. Once these have occurred in a single cell, it will be unable to expand further unless the altered cell can colonise the surrounding squamous epithelium of the oesophagus. The mechanisms by which this happens are still unknown. Here we have established an in vitro system for examining the competitive behaviour of two epithelia. We find that when an oesophageal epithelium model (Het1A cells) is confronted by an intestinal epithelium model (Caco-2 cells), the intestinal cells expand into the oesophageal domain. In this case the boundary involves overgrowth by the Caco-2 cells and the formation of isolated colonies. Two key transcription factors, normally involved in intestinal development, HNF4α and CDX2, are both expressed in BO. We examined the competitive ability of Het1A cells stably expressing HNF4α or CDX2 and placed in confrontation with unmodified Het1A cells. The key result is that stable expression of HNF4α, but not CDX2, increased the ability of the cells to migrate and push into the unmodified Het1A domain. In this situation the boundary between the cell types is a sharp one, as is normally seen in BO. The experiments were conducted using a variety of extracellular substrates, which all tended to increase the cell migration compared to uncoated plastic. These data provide evidence that HNF4α expression could have a potential role in the competitive spread of BO into the oesophagus as HNF4α increases the ability of cells to invade into the adjacent stratified squamous epithelium, thus enabling a single mutant cell eventually to generate a macroscopic patch of metaplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ella F Rimmer
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Benjamin Colleypriest
- Department of Gastroenterology, Royal United Hospital Bath, Combe Park, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK
| | - David Tosh
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
| | - Jonathan M W Slack
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Ute Jungwirth
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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9
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Zhan H, Zhang Q, Zhang C, Cheng J, Yang Y, Liu C, Li S, Wang C, Yang J, Ge H, Zhou D, Li B, Wei H, Hu C. Targeted Activation of HNF4α by AMPK Inhibits Apoptosis and Ameliorates Neurological Injury Caused by Cardiac Arrest in Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:3129-3145. [PMID: 37338793 PMCID: PMC10471732 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that AMPK plays an important role in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by participating in apoptosis, but the exact mechanism and target of action remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the protective mechanism of AMPK activation on brain injury secondary to cardiac arrest. HE, Nills and TUNEL assays were used to evaluate neuronal damage and apoptosis. The relationships between AMPK, HNF4α and apoptotic genes were verified by ChIP-seq, dual-luciferase and WB assays. The results showed that AMPK improved the 7-day memory function of rats, and reduced neuronal cell injury and apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region after ROSC, while the use of HNF4α inhibitor weakened the protective effect of AMPK. Further research found that AMPK positively regulated the expression of HNF4α, and AMPK could promote the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibit the expression of Bax and Cleaved-Caspase 3. In vitro experiments showed that AMPK ameliorated neuronal injury by inhibiting apoptosis through the activation of HNF4α. Combined with ChIP-seq, JASPAR analysis and Dual-luciferase assay, the binding site of HNF4α to the upstream promoter of Bcl-2 was found. Taken together, AMPK attenuates brain injury after CA by activating HNF4α to target Bcl-2 to inhibit apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haohong Zhan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chenyu Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National Health Council (NHC) Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jingge Cheng
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yilin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Shuhao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Chuyue Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Junqin Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Hanmei Ge
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Dawang Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Hongyan Wei
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Chunlin Hu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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10
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Rastinejad F. The protein architecture and allosteric landscape of HNF4α. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1219092. [PMID: 37732120 PMCID: PMC10507258 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1219092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) is a multi-faceted nuclear receptor responsible for governing the development and proper functioning of liver and pancreatic islet cells. Its transcriptional functions encompass the regulation of vital metabolic processes including cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism, and glucose sensing and control. Various genetic mutations and alterations in HNF4α are associated with diabetes, metabolic disorders, and cancers. From a structural perspective, HNF4α is one of the most comprehensively understood nuclear receptors due to its crystallographically observed architecture revealing interconnected DNA binding domains (DBDs) and ligand binding domains (LBDs). This review discusses key properties of HNF4α, including its mode of homodimerization, its binding to fatty acid ligands, the importance of post-translational modifications, and the mechanistic basis for allosteric functions. The surfaces linking HNF4α's DBDs and LBDs create a convergence zone that allows signals originating from any one domain to influence distant domains. The HNF4α-DNA complex serves as a prime illustration of how nuclear receptors utilize individual domains for specific functions, while also integrating these domains to create cohesive higher-order architectures that allow signal responsive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fraydoon Rastinejad
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute (NDMRB), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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11
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Aguilar-Bravo B, Ariño S, Blaya D, Pose E, Martinez García de la Torre RA, Latasa MU, Martínez-Sánchez C, Zanatto L, Sererols-Viñas L, Cantallops-Vilà P, Affo S, Coll M, Thillen X, Dubuquoy L, Avila MA, Argemi J, Paz AL, Nevzorova YA, Cubero FJ, Bataller R, Lozano JJ, Ginès P, Mathurin P, Sancho-Bru P. Hepatocyte dedifferentiation profiling in alcohol-related liver disease identifies CXCR4 as a driver of cell reprogramming. J Hepatol 2023; 79:728-740. [PMID: 37088308 PMCID: PMC10540088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Loss of hepatocyte identity is associated with impaired liver function in alcohol-related hepatitis (AH). In this context, hepatocyte dedifferentiation gives rise to cells with a hepatobiliary (HB) phenotype expressing biliary and hepatocyte markers and showing immature features. However, the mechanisms and impact of hepatocyte dedifferentiation in liver disease are poorly understood. METHODS HB cells and ductular reaction (DR) cells were quantified and microdissected from liver biopsies from patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD). Hepatocyte-specific overexpression or deletion of C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), and CXCR4 pharmacological inhibition were assessed in mouse liver injury. Patient-derived and mouse organoids were generated to assess plasticity. RESULTS Here, we show that HB and DR cells are increased in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and AH, but only HB cells correlate with poor liver function and patients' outcome. Transcriptomic profiling of HB cells revealed the expression of biliary-specific genes and a mild reduction of hepatocyte metabolism. Functional analysis identified pathways involved in hepatocyte reprogramming, inflammation, stemness, and cancer gene programs. The CXCR4 pathway was highly enriched in HB cells and correlated with disease severity and hepatocyte dedifferentiation. In vitro, CXCR4 was associated with a biliary phenotype and loss of hepatocyte features. Liver overexpression of CXCR4 in chronic liver injury decreased the hepatocyte-specific gene expression profile and promoted liver injury. CXCR4 deletion or its pharmacological inhibition ameliorated hepatocyte dedifferentiation and reduced DR and fibrosis progression. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the association of hepatocyte dedifferentiation with disease progression and poor outcome in AH. Moreover, the transcriptomic profiling of HB cells revealed CXCR4 as a new driver of hepatocyte-to-biliary reprogramming and as a potential therapeutic target to halt hepatocyte dedifferentiation in AH. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Here, we show that hepatocyte dedifferentiation is associated with disease severity and a reduced synthetic capacity of the liver. Moreover, we identify the CXCR4 pathway as a driver of hepatocyte dedifferentiation and as a therapeutic target in alcohol-related hepatitis. Therefore, this study reveals the importance of preserving strict control over hepatocyte plasticity in order to preserve liver function and promote tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Aguilar-Bravo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Ariño
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Delia Blaya
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Pose
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María U Latasa
- Hepatology Program, Liver Unit, Instituto de Investigación de Navarra (IdisNA), Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Martínez-Sánchez
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Zanatto
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Sererols-Viñas
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Cantallops-Vilà
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Affo
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mar Coll
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Thillen
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laurent Dubuquoy
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Matías A Avila
- Hepatology Program, Liver Unit, Instituto de Investigación de Navarra (IdisNA), Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josepmaria Argemi
- Hepatology Program, Liver Unit, Instituto de Investigación de Navarra (IdisNA), Clínica Universidad de Navarra and Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Arantza Lamas Paz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yulia A Nevzorova
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Cubero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon Bataller
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Juan José Lozano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Ginès
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Philippe Mathurin
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, Lille, France
| | - Pau Sancho-Bru
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Barcelona, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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12
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Radi SH, Vemuri K, Martinez-Lomeli J, Sladek FM. HNF4α isoforms: the fraternal twin master regulators of liver function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1226173. [PMID: 37600688 PMCID: PMC10438950 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1226173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the more than 30 years since the purification and cloning of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 (HNF4α), considerable insight into its role in liver function has been gleaned from its target genes and mouse experiments. HNF4α plays a key role in lipid and glucose metabolism and intersects with not just diabetes and circadian rhythms but also with liver cancer, although much remains to be elucidated about those interactions. Similarly, while we are beginning to elucidate the role of the isoforms expressed from its two promoters, we know little about the alternatively spliced variants in other portions of the protein and their impact on the 1000-plus HNF4α target genes. This review will address how HNF4α came to be called the master regulator of liver-specific gene expression with a focus on its role in basic metabolism, the contributions of the various isoforms and the intriguing intersection with the circadian clock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H. Radi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Kiranmayi Vemuri
- Department of Genetics, Human Genetics Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, United States
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Jose Martinez-Lomeli
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Frances M. Sladek
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
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13
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Colombo E, Di Dario M, Menon R, Valente MM, Bassani C, Sarno N, Mazza D, Montini F, Moiola L, Comi G, Martinelli V, Farina C. HNF4α, SP1 and c-myc are master regulators of CNS autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2023; 138:103053. [PMID: 37236124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.103053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (HNF4α), a transcription factor (TF) essential for embryonic development, has been recently shown to regulate the expression of inflammatory genes. To characterize HNF4a function in immunity, we measured the effect of HNF4α antagonists on immune cell responses in vitro and in vivo. HNF4α blockade reduced immune activation in vitro and disease severity in the experimental model of multiple sclerosis (MS). Network biology studies of human immune transcriptomes unraveled HNF4α together with SP1 and c-myc as master TF regulating differential expression at all MS stages. TF expression was boosted by immune cell activation, regulated by environmental MS risk factors and higher in MS immune cells compared to controls. Administration of compounds targeting TF expression or function demonstrated non-synergic, interdependent transcriptional control of CNS autoimmunity in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, we identified a coregulatory transcriptional network sustaining neuroinflammation and representing an attractive therapeutic target for MS and other inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Colombo
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Di Dario
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Ramesh Menon
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Maddalena Valente
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Bassani
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicole Sarno
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Mazza
- Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Montini
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Moiola
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Comi
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittorio Martinelli
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Cinthia Farina
- Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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14
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Zolfaghari R, Bonzo JA, Gonzalez FJ, Ross AC. Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α ( HNF4α) Plays a Controlling Role in Expression of the Retinoic Acid Receptor β ( RARβ) Gene in Hepatocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:8608. [PMID: 37239961 PMCID: PMC10218549 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
HNF4α, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, regulates the genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. The expression of the RARβ gene in the liver of HNF4α knock-out mice was higher versus wildtype controls, whereas oppositely, RARβ promoter activity was 50% reduced by the overexpression of HNF4α in HepG2 cells, and treatment with retinoic acid (RA), a major metabolite of vitamin A, increased RARβ promoter activity 15-fold. The human RARβ2 promoter contains two DR5 and one DR8 binding motifs, as RA response elements (RARE) proximal to the transcription start site. While DR5 RARE1 was previously reported to be responsive to RARs but not to other nuclear receptors, we show here that mutation in DR5 RARE2 suppresses the promoter response to HNF4α and RARα/RXRα. Mutational analysis of ligand-binding pocket amino acids shown to be critical for fatty acid (FA) binding indicated that RA may interfere with interactions of FA carboxylic acid headgroups with side chains of S190 and R235, and the aliphatic group with I355. These results could explain the partial suppression of HNF4α transcriptional activation toward gene promoters that lack RARE, including APOC3 and CYP2C9, while conversely, HNF4α may bind to RARE sequences in the promoter of the genes such as CYP26A1 and RARβ, activating these genes in the presence of RA. Thus, RA could act as either an antagonist towards HNF4α in genes lacking RAREs, or as an agonist for RARE-containing genes. Overall, RA may interfere with the function of HNF4α and deregulate HNF4α targets genes, including the genes important for lipid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Zolfaghari
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
| | - Jessica A. Bonzo
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Frank J. Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - A. Catharine Ross
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA;
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15
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Loneker AE, Alisafaei F, Kant A, Li D, Janmey PA, Shenoy VB, Wells RG. Lipid droplets are intracellular mechanical stressors that impair hepatocyte function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216811120. [PMID: 37036981 PMCID: PMC10120019 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216811120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix stiffening and external mechanical stress have been linked to disease and cancer development in multiple tissues, including the liver, where cirrhosis (which increases stiffness markedly) is the major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and lipid droplet-filled hepatocytes, however, can develop cancer in noncirrhotic, relatively soft tissue. Here, by treating primary human hepatocytes with the monounsaturated fatty acid oleate, we show that lipid droplets are intracellular mechanical stressors with similar effects to tissue stiffening, including nuclear deformation, chromatin condensation, and impaired hepatocyte function. Mathematical modeling of lipid droplets as inclusions that have only mechanical interactions with other cellular components generated results consistent with our experiments. These data show that lipid droplets are intracellular sources of mechanical stress and suggest that nuclear membrane tension integrates cell responses to combined internal and external stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Loneker
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Farid Alisafaei
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102
| | - Aayush Kant
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - David Li
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Paul A Janmey
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Vivek B Shenoy
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Center for Engineering Mechano Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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16
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Deol P, Ruegger P, Logan GD, Shawki A, Li J, Mitchell JD, Yu J, Piamthai V, Radi SH, Hasnain S, Borkowski K, Newman JW, McCole DF, Nair MG, Hsiao A, Borneman J, Sladek FM. Diet high in linoleic acid dysregulates the intestinal endocannabinoid system and increases susceptibility to colitis in Mice. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2229945. [PMID: 37400966 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2229945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a multifactorial disease with increasing incidence in the U.S. suggesting that environmental factors, including diet, are involved. It has been suggested that excessive consumption of linoleic acid (LA, C18:2 omega-6), which must be obtained from the diet, may promote the development of IBD in humans. To demonstrate a causal link between LA and IBD, we show that a high fat diet (HFD) based on soybean oil (SO), which is comprised of ~55% LA, increases susceptibility to colitis in several models, including IBD-susceptible IL10 knockout mice. This effect was not observed with low-LA HFDs derived from genetically modified soybean oil or olive oil. The conventional SO HFD causes classical IBD symptoms including immune dysfunction, increased intestinal epithelial barrier permeability, and disruption of the balance of isoforms from the IBD susceptibility gene Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4α (HNF4α). The SO HFD causes gut dysbiosis, including increased abundance of an endogenous adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC), which can use LA as a carbon source. Metabolomic analysis shows that in the mouse gut, even in the absence of bacteria, the presence of soybean oil increases levels of LA, oxylipins and prostaglandins. Many compounds in the endocannabinoid system, which are protective against IBD, are decreased by SO both in vivo and in vitro. These results indicate that a high LA diet increases susceptibility to colitis via microbial and host-initiated pathways involving alterations in the balance of bioactive metabolites of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, as well as HNF4α isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonamjot Deol
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Paul Ruegger
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Geoffrey D Logan
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ali Shawki
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jiang Li
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan D Mitchell
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Jacqueline Yu
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Varadh Piamthai
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Sarah H Radi
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Sana Hasnain
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Kamil Borkowski
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome and Biological Sciences Facility, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - John W Newman
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome and Biological Sciences Facility, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Declan F McCole
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Meera G Nair
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Ansel Hsiao
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - James Borneman
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Frances M Sladek
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
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17
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Jones C, Avino M, Giroux V, Boudreau F. HNF4α Acts as Upstream Functional Regulator of Intestinal Wnt3 and Paneth Cell Fate. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 15:593-612. [PMID: 36464209 PMCID: PMC9871320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The intestinal epithelium intrinsically renews itself ex vivo via the proliferation of Lgr5+ intestinal stem cells, which is sustained by the establishment of an epithelial stem cell niche. Differentiated Paneth cells are the main source of epithelial-derived niche factor supplies and produce Wnt3 as an essential factor in supporting Lgr5+ stem cell activity in the absence of redundant mesenchymal Wnts. Maturation of Paneth cells depends on canonical Wnt signaling, but few transcriptional regulators have been identified to this end. The role of HNF4α in intestinal epithelial cell differentiation is considered redundant with its paralog HNF4γ. However, it is unclear whether HNF4α alone controls intrinsic intestinal epithelial cell growth and fate in the absence of a mesenchymal niche. METHODS We used transcriptomic analyses to dissect the role of HNF4α in the maintenance of jejunal epithelial culture when cultured ex vivo as enteroids in the presence or absence of compensatory mesenchymal cells. RESULTS HNF4α plays a crucial role in supporting the growth and survival of jejunal enteroids. Transcriptomic analyses revealed an autonomous function of HNF4α in Wnt3 transcriptional regulation and Paneth cell differentiation. We showed that Wnt3a supplementation or co-culture with intestinal subepithelial mesenchymal cells reversed cell death and transcriptional changes caused by the deletion of Hnf4a in jejunal enteroids. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the intrinsic epithelial role of HNF4α in regulating Paneth cell homeostasis and intestinal epithelium renewal in the absence of compensatory Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Jones
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Mariano Avino
- Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Véronique Giroux
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Francois Boudreau
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada.
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18
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Duan Q, Si H, Tian L, Zhang N, Qiu J, Yu J, Liu J, Zhang Q. LOX-1 attenuates high glucose-induced autophagy via AMPK/ HNF4α signaling in HLSECs. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12385. [PMID: 36590506 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combined with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of death. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) is involved in the regulation of autophagy and associated with a variety of diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and NAFLD. This study aimed to investigate the effect of LOX-1 on autophagy induced by high glucose levels in human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (HLSECs) and whether it regulates autophagy through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (AMPK/HNF4α) pathway. In this study, HLSECs cultured with high glucose medium showed increased expression of LOX-1, whereas autophagy was inhibited. High glucose levels decreased the AMPK phosphorylation, increased the HNF4α phosphorylation, and retained the HNF4α in the cytoplasm. By contrast, silencing of LOX-1 reversed the phenomenon induced by high glucose levels and restored the HNF4a localization. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel mechanism of high glucose-induced autophagy in HLSECs, namely, the LOX-1-mediated AMPK/HNF4α signaling pathway. Therefore, LOX-1 is an important target molecule for the regulation of autophagy in HLSECs.
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19
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Yang J, Bai X, Liu G, Li X. A transcriptional regulatory network of HNF4α and HNF1α involved in human diseases and drug metabolism. Drug Metab Rev 2022; 54:361-385. [PMID: 35892182 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2022.2103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
HNF4α and HNF1α are core transcription factors involved in the development and progression of a variety of human diseases and drug metabolism. They play critical roles in maintaining the normal growth and function of multiple organs, mainly the liver, and in the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous substances. The twelve isoforms of HNF4α may exhibit different physiological functions, and HNF4α and HNF1α show varying or even opposing effects in different types of diseases, particularly cancer. Additionally, the regulation of CYP450, phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes, and drug transporters is affected by several factors. This article aims to review the role of HNF4α and HNF1α in human diseases and drug metabolism, including their structures and physiological functions, affected diseases, regulated drug metabolism genes, influencing factors, and related mechanisms. We also propose a transcriptional regulatory network of HNF4α and HNF1α that regulates the expression of target genes related to disease and drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Yang
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Guiqin Liu
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Research Center for High Altitude Medicine, Qinghai University Medical College, Xining, China.,State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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20
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Fekry B, Ribas-Latre A, Drunen RV, Santos RB, Shivshankar S, Dai Y, Zhao Z, Yoo SH, Chen Z, Sun K, Sladek FM, Younes M, Eckel-Mahan K. Hepatic circadian and differentiation factors control liver susceptibility for fatty liver disease and tumorigenesis. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22482. [PMID: 35947136 PMCID: PMC10062014 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101398r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths, and the most common primary liver malignancy to present in the clinic. With the exception of liver transplant, treatment options for advanced HCC are limited, but improved tumor stratification could open the door to new treatment options. Previously, we demonstrated that the circadian regulator Aryl Hydrocarbon-Like Receptor Like 1 (ARNTL, or Bmal1) and the liver-enriched nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) are robustly co-expressed in healthy liver but incompatible in the context of HCC. Faulty circadian expression of HNF4α- either by isoform switching, or loss of expression- results in an increased risk for HCC, while BMAL1 gain-of-function in HNF4α-positive HCC results in apoptosis and tumor regression. We hypothesize that the transcriptional programs of HNF4α and BMAL1 are antagonistic in liver disease and HCC. Here, we study this antagonism by generating a mouse model with inducible loss of hepatic HNF4α and BMAL1 expression. The results reveal that simultaneous loss of HNF4α and BMAL1 is protective against fatty liver and HCC in carcinogen-induced liver injury and in the "STAM" model of liver disease. Furthermore, our results suggest that targeting Bmal1 expression in the absence of HNF4α inhibits HCC growth and progression. Specifically, pharmacological suppression of Bmal1 in HNF4α-deficient, BMAL1-positive HCC with REV-ERB agonist SR9009 impairs tumor cell proliferation and migration in a REV-ERB-dependent manner, while having no effect on healthy hepatocytes. Collectively, our results suggest that stratification of HCC based on HNF4α and BMAL1 expression may provide a new perspective on HCC properties and potential targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baharan Fekry
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aleix Ribas-Latre
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rachel Van Drunen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rafael Bravo Santos
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Samay Shivshankar
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Yulin Dai
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zhongming Zhao
- Center for Precision Health, School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Seung-Hee Yoo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Zheng Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Frances M Sladek
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Mamoun Younes
- Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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21
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Li Y, He M, Gong R, Wang Z, Lu L, Peng S, Duan Z, Feng Y, Liu Y, Gao B. Forkhead O Transcription Factor 4 Restricts HBV Covalently Closed Circular DNA Transcription and HBV Replication through Genetic Downregulation of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 Alpha and Epigenetic Suppression of Covalently Closed Circular DNA via Interacting with Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein. J Virol 2022;:e0054622. [PMID: 35695580 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00546-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear located hepatitis B virus (HBV) covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) remains the key obstacle to cure chronic hepatitis B (CHB). In our previous investigation, it was found that FoxO4 could inhibit HBV core promoter activity through downregulating the expression of HNF4α. However, the exact mechanisms whereby FoxO4 inhibits HBV replication, especially its effect on cccDNA, remain unclear. Here, our data further revealed that FoxO4 could effectively inhibit cccDNA mediated transcription and HBV replication without affecting cccDNA level. Mechanistic study showed that FoxO4 could cause epigenetic suppression of cccDNA. Although FoxO4-mediated downregulation of HNF4α contributed to inhibiting HBV core promoter activity, it had little effect on cccDNA epigenetic regulation. Further, it was found that FoxO4 could colocalize within promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) nuclear bodies and interact with PML. Of note, PML was revealed to be critical for FoxO4-mediated inhibition of cccDNA epigenetic modification and of the following cccDNA transcription and HBV replication. Furthermore, FoxO4 was found to be downregulated in HBV-infected hepatocytes and human liver tissues, and it was negatively correlated with cccDNA transcriptional activity in CHB patients. Together, these findings highlight the role of FoxO4 in suppressing cccDNA transcription and HBV replication via genetic downregulation of HNF4α and epigenetic suppression of cccDNA through interacting with PML. Targeting FoxO4 may present as a new therapeutic strategy against chronic HBV infection. IMPORTANCE HBV cccDNA is a determining factor for viral persistence and the main obstacle for a cure of chronic hepatitis B. Strategies that target cccDNA directly are therefore of great importance in controlling persistent HBV infection. In present investigation, we found that FoxO4 could efficiently suppress cccDNA transcription and HBV replication without affecting the level of cccDNA itself. Further, our data revealed that FoxO4 might inhibit cccDNA function via a two-part mechanism: one is to epigenetically suppress cccDNA transcription via interacting with PML, and the other is to inhibit HBV core promoter activity via the genetic downregulation of HNF4α. Of note, HBV might dampen the expression of FoxO4 for its own persistent infection. We propose that manipulation of FoxO4 may present as a potential therapeutic strategy against chronic HBV infection.
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22
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Lu H, Lei X, Winkler R, John S, Kumar D, Li W, Alnouti Y. Crosstalk of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4a and glucocorticoid receptor in the regulation of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat-high-sugar diet. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:46. [PMID: 35614477 PMCID: PMC9134643 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01654-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR), master regulators of liver metabolism, are down-regulated in fatty liver diseases. The present study aimed to elucidate the role of down-regulation of HNF4α and GR in fatty liver and hyperlipidemia. Methods Adult mice with liver-specific heterozygote (HET) and knockout (KO) of HNF4α or GR were fed a high-fat-high-sugar diet (HFHS) for 15 days. Alterations in hepatic and circulating lipids were determined with analytical kits, and changes in hepatic mRNA and protein expression in these mice were quantified by real-time PCR and Western blotting. Serum and hepatic levels of bile acids were quantified by LC-MS/MS. The roles of HNF4α and GR in regulating hepatic gene expression were determined using luciferase reporter assays. Results Compared to HFHS-fed wildtype mice, HNF4α HET mice had down-regulation of lipid catabolic genes, induction of lipogenic genes, and increased hepatic and blood levels of lipids, whereas HNF4α KO mice had fatty liver but mild hypolipidemia, down-regulation of lipid-efflux genes, and induction of genes for uptake, synthesis, and storage of lipids. Serum levels of chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid tended to be decreased in the HNF4α HET mice but dramatically increased in the HNF4α KO mice, which was associated with marked down-regulation of cytochrome P450 7a1, the rate-limiting enzyme for bile acid synthesis. Hepatic mRNA and protein expression of sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1), a master lipogenic regulator, was induced in HFHS-fed HNF4α HET mice. In reporter assays, HNF4α cooperated with the corepressor small heterodimer partner to potently inhibit the transactivation of mouse and human SREBP-1C promoter by liver X receptor. Hepatic nuclear GR proteins tended to be decreased in the HNF4α KO mice. HFHS-fed mice with liver-specific KO of GR had increased hepatic lipids and induction of SREBP-1C and PPARγ, which was associated with a marked decrease in hepatic levels of HNF4α proteins in these mice. In reporter assays, GR and HNF4α synergistically/additively induced lipid catabolic genes. Conclusions induction of lipid catabolic genes and suppression of lipogenic genes by HNF4α and GR may mediate the early resistance to HFHS-induced fatty liver and hyperlipidemia. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12944-022-01654-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA.
| | - Xiaohong Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Rebecca Winkler
- Department of Pharmacology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Savio John
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA
| | - Devendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Wenkuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Yazen Alnouti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
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23
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Inoue Y, Ienaga M, Kamiya T, Adachi T, Ohta M, Hara H. Royal jelly fatty acids downregulate ANGPTL8 expression through the decrease in HNF4α protein in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:747-754. [PMID: 35325025 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Royal jelly (RJ) intake has been reported to be effective for reducing serum lipids; however, the mechanism is not fully understood. Angiopoietin-like protein 8 (ANGPTL8), a secreted protein, plays a key role in lipid metabolism. In this study, we investigated the effects of specific fatty acids included in RJ (RJ fatty acids), such as 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, 10-hydroxydecanoic acid, and sebacic acid (SA), on expression of ANGPTL8 in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. SA markedly reduced the expression of ANGPTL8. Reporter assay revealed that SA suppressed ANGPTL8 promoter activity. In addition, we identified a functional binding site of hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α), a liver-enriched transcription factor, in the ANGPTL8 promoter. SA reduced the levels of HNF4α protein and the binding of HNF4α to the ANGPTL8 promoter. Moreover, siRNA knockdown of HNF4α suppressed the expression of ANGTPL8 mRNA. Taken together, we conclude that SA downregulates ANGPTL8 expression via the decrease in HNF4α protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Inoue
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Marina Ienaga
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Kamiya
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Adachi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Ohta
- Biomarker Laboratory, Research Institute for Production Development, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Hara
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmaceutics, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu, Japan
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24
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Li Z, Kwon SM, Li D, Li L, Peng X, Zhang J, Sueyoshi T, Raufman JP, Negishi M, Wang XW, Wang H. Human constitutive androstane receptor represses liver cancer development and hepatoma cell proliferation by inhibiting erythropoietin signaling. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101885. [PMID: 35367211 PMCID: PMC9052153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) is a nuclear receptor that plays a crucial role in regulating xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, energy homeostasis, and cell proliferation by modulating the transcription of numerous target genes. CAR activation has been established as the mode of action by which phenobarbital-like nongenotoxic carcinogens promote liver tumor formation in rodents. This paradigm, however, appears to be unrelated to the function of human CAR (hCAR) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which remains poorly understood. Here, we show that hCAR expression is significantly lower in HCC than that in adjacent nontumor tissues and, importantly, reduced hCAR expression is associated with a worse HCC prognosis. We also show overexpression of hCAR in human hepatoma cells (HepG2 and Hep3B) profoundly suppressed cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, soft-agar colony formation, and the growth of xenografts in nude mice. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that the expression of erythropoietin (EPO), a pleiotropic growth factor, was markedly repressed by hCAR in hepatoma cells. Addition of recombinant EPO in HepG2 cells partially rescued hCAR-suppressed cell viability. Mechanistically, we showed that overexpressing hCAR repressed mitogenic EPO-EPO receptor signaling through dephosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, AKT, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2. Furthermore, we found that hCAR downregulates EPO expression by repressing the expression and activity of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, a key transcription factor regulating EPO expression. Collectively, our results suggest that hCAR plays a tumor suppressive role in HCC development, which differs from that of rodent CAR and offers insight into the hCAR-hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha-EPO axis in human liver tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - So Mee Kwon
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daochuan Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Linhao Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiwei Peng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Junran Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center and College of Medicine, Ohio, USA
| | - Tatsuya Sueyoshi
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Raufman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; Office of Research and Development, Biomedical Laboratory Research and Development, VA Maryland Healthcare System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Masahiko Negishi
- Pharmacogenetics Section, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xin Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Human Carcinogenesis, and Liver Cancer Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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25
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Firdous P, Hassan T, Nissar K, Masoodi SR, Ganai BA. Clinical profiling and screening for HNF4α and GCK gene mutations in Kashmiri patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY). Prim Care Diabetes 2022; 16:325-332. [PMID: 35131168 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM Maturity-onset Diabetes of Young (MODY) is a monogenic form of diabetes affecting 1-5% of young (often ≤25 years) diabetic patients exhibiting an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Considering the significance of genetic polymorphisms in a variety of diseases, this study aimed to determine the association between HNF4α and GCK gene polymorphisms and the risk of MODY in the Kashmir community, as well as their clinical differences. METHOD The study was conducted on clinically confirmed MODY patients (n = 50), and age and gender-matched controls (25 T1DM and 25 non-diabetic) recruited from the endocrinology department of the hospital, for evaluating the HNF4α and GCK mutation. Under standard conditions, PCR-mediated amplification was done to evaluate the respective exons. Preliminary mutations were detected using restriction enzymes (BfaI and HhaI), which were then followed by sequencing of representative samples. The diabetic history, clinical and biochemical data were obtained after proper consent. RESULTS Our data revealed no association of HNF4α (exon7) and GCK (exon8) gene mutation with MODY disease susceptibility in the Kashmiri population. On diagnosis, no MODY patient was given immediate insulin; instead, metformin (68%) or sulphonyl-urea (28%) and dietary changes (4%) were recommended. Later in life, 54% of MODY patients develop insulin dependency. The MODY probability was calculated to be 73.88% (±4.56). HbA1c levels were lower [7.48% (±1.64)] than in T1DM [9.17(±2.29%)]. CONCLUSIONS Young early-onset diabetic patients were able to keep their HbA1c and blood glucose levels stable with a modified diet and metformin/sulphonyl-urea, but they may become insulin-dependent in the future, as seen in our study. As a result, prompt diagnosis and management are essential for avoiding complications. Furthermore, no HNF4α (exon7) or GCK (exon 8) mutations were found in MODY patients or T1DM/healthy non-diabetic controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveena Firdous
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
| | - Toyeeba Hassan
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
| | - Kamran Nissar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
| | | | - Bashir Ahmad Ganai
- Centre of Research for Development (CORD), University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India.
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26
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Zhang L, Wang N, Chen M, Wu S, Zeng J, Zhou F, Wu Q, Liu J, Shi Y. HDAC6/FOXP3/ HNF4α axis promotes bile acids induced gastric intestinal metaplasia. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:1409-1422. [PMID: 35411233 PMCID: PMC8984877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile reflux is one of the main causes of gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) which is an important precancerous lesion. Our previous study has shown that ectopic expression of Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) promotes the activation of intestinal markers in bile acids (BA) induced gastric IM cells; however, the mechanism underlying how HDAC6-mediated epigenetic modifications regulate intestinal markers is not clear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the downstream targets of HDAC6 and the underlying mechanism in the process of BA induced gastric IM. We demonstrated that deoxycholic acid (DCA) upregulated HDAC6 in gastric cells, which further inhibited the transcription of Forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3). Then, FOXP3 transcriptionally inhibited Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α), which further inhibits the expression of downstream intestinal markers. These molecules have been shown to be clinically relevant, as FOXP3 levels were negatively correlated with HDAC6 and HNF4α in IM tissues. Transgenic mice experiments confirmed that HNF4α overexpression combined with DCA treatment induced gastric mucosa to secrete intestinal mucus and caused an abnormal mucosal structure. Our findings suggest that HDAC6 reduces FOXP3 through epigenetic modification, thus forming a closed loop HDAC6/FOXP3/HNF4α to promote gastric IM. Inhibition of HDAC6 may be a potential approach to prevent gastric IM in patients with bile reflux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaoxia Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fenli Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junye Liu
- Department of Radiation Protective Medicine, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Barth R, Ruoso C, Ferreira SM, de Ramos FC, Lima FB, Boschero AC, Santos GJD. Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4-α ( HNF4α) controls the insulin resistance-induced pancreatic β-cell mass expansion. Life Sci 2022; 289:120213. [PMID: 34902439 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regardless of the etiology, any type of DM presents a reduction of insulin-secreting cell mass, so it is important to investigate pathways that induce the increase of this cell mass. AIM Based on the fact that (1) HNF4α is crucial for β-cell proliferation, (2) DEX-induced IR promotes β-cell mass expansion, and (3) the stimulation of β-cell mass expansion may be an important target for DM therapies, we aimed to investigate whether DEX-induced proliferation of β pancreatic cells is dependent on HNF4α. METHODS We used WildType (WT) and Knockout (KO) mice for HNF4-α, treated or not with 100 mg/Kg/day of DEX, for 5 consecutive days. One day after the last injection of DEX the IR was confirmed by ipITT and the mice were euthanized for pancreas removal. RESULTS In comparison to WT, KO mice presented increased glucose tolerance, lower fasting glucose and increased glucose-stimulates insulin secretion (GSIS). DEX induced IR in both KO and WT mice. In addition, DEX-induced β-cell mass expansion and an increase in the Ki67 immunostaining were observed only in WT mice, evidencing that IR-induced β-cell mass expansion is dependent on HNF4α. Also, we observed that DEX-treatment, in an HNF4α-dependent way, promoted an increase in PDX1, PAX4 and NGN3 gene expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results strongly suggest that DEX-induced IR promotes β-cell mass expansion through processes of proliferation and neogenesis that depend on the HNF4α activity, pointing to HNF4α as a possible therapeutic target in DM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Barth
- Islet Biology and Metabolism Lab - I.B.M. Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carolina Ruoso
- Islet Biology and Metabolism Lab - I.B.M. Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Sandra Mara Ferreira
- Laboratory of endocrine pancreas and metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Francieli Caroline de Ramos
- Islet Biology and Metabolism Lab - I.B.M. Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Barbosa Lima
- Islet Biology and Metabolism Lab - I.B.M. Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Antônio Carlos Boschero
- Laboratory of endocrine pancreas and metabolism - LAPEM, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, 13083-862 Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jorge Dos Santos
- Islet Biology and Metabolism Lab - I.B.M. Lab, Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina - UFSC, Florianópolis 88040-900, Santa Catarina, Brazil; Multicenter Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
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Lin T, Feng R, Liebe R, Weng HL. Liver Progenitor Cells in Massive Hepatic Necrosis-How Can a Patient Survive Acute Liver Failure? Biomolecules 2022; 12:66. [PMID: 35053214 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Massive hepatic necrosis is the most severe lesion in acute liver failure, yet a portion of patients manage to survive and recover from this high-risk and harsh disease syndrome. The mechanisms underlying recovery remain largely unknown to date. Recent research progress highlights a key role of liver progenitor cells, the smallest biliary cells, in the maintenance of liver homeostasis and thus survival. These stem-like cells rapidly proliferate and take over crucial hepatocyte functions in a severely damaged liver. Hence, the new findings not only add to our understanding of the huge regenerative capability of the liver, but also provide potential new targets for the pharmacological management of acute liver failure in clinical practice.
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Zhang T, Ning WW, Zhang J, Xu FJ, Wang XQ, Li ZB, Xie M. Nonylphenol regulates TL1A through the AhR/HDAC2/ HNF4α pathway in endothelial cells to promote the angiogenesis of colorectal cancer. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 436:115854. [PMID: 34974051 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers worldwide. Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine-disruptor chemical and plays an important role in the development of cancers. However, the effects of NP on CRC remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential mechanisms of NP in the pathogenesis of CRC. METHODS The levels of AhR, TL1A and HDAC2 in CRC tissues and endothelial cells were assessed by RT-qPCR or western blot. CHIP and dual luciferase reporter assays were used to confirm the interaction between AhR and HDAC2, or HNF4α and TL1A. The CCK8, would healing and tube formation assays were conducted to evaluate the proliferation, migration and angiogenesis of HUVECs. Western blot determined HNF4α protein and HNF4α acetylation levels. The secreted TL1A protein was detected by ELISA. The angiogenesis-related factor CD31 was tested by IHC. RESULTS The expression level of AhR was significantly up-regulated in CRC tissues and endothelial cells. Moreover, NP activated the AhR pathway mediated colorectal endothelial cell angiogenesis and proliferation, while TL1A overexpression resisted these effects caused by NP. Besides, NP was found to modulate HNF4α deacetylation through AhR/HDAC2 to inhibit TL1A. Furthermore, in vivo experiments proved that NP regulated CRC growth and angiogenesis via AhR/HDAC2/HNF4α/TL1A axis. CONCLUSION This study revealed that NP promoted CRC growth and angiogenesis through AhR/HDAC2/HNF4α/TL1A pathway and could be a new therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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30
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Chen Y, Capello M, Rios Perez MV, Vykoukal JV, Roife D, Kang Y, Prakash LR, Katayama H, Irajizad E, Fleury A, Ferri-Borgogno S, Baluya DL, Dennison JB, Do KA, Fiehn O, Maitra A, Wang H, Chiao PJ, Katz MHG, Fleming JB, Hanash SM, Fahrmann JF. CES2 sustains HNF4α expression to promote pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression through an epoxide hydrolase-dependent regulatory loop. Mol Metab 2021; 56:101426. [PMID: 34971802 PMCID: PMC8841288 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Intra-tumoral expression of the serine hydrolase carboxylesterase 2 (CES2) contributes to the activation of the pro-drug irinotecan in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Given other potential roles of CES2, we assessed its regulation, downstream effects, and contribution to tumor development in PDAC. Methods Association between the mRNA expression of CES2 in pancreatic tumors and overall survival was assessed using The Cancer Genome Atlas. Cell viability, clonogenic, and anchorage-independent growth assays as well as an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC were used to evaluate the biological relevance of CES2 in pancreatic cancer. CES2-driven metabolic changes were determined by untargeted and targeted metabolomic analyses. Results Elevated tumoral CES2 mRNA expression was a statistically significant predictor of poor overall survival in PDAC patients. Knockdown of CES2 in PDAC cells reduced cell viability, clonogenic capacity, and anchorage-independent growth in vitro and attenuated tumor growth in an orthotopic mouse model of PDAC. Mechanistically, CES2 was found to promote the catabolism of phospholipids resulting in HNF4α activation through a soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)-dependent pathway. Targeting of CES2 via siRNA or small molecule inhibitors attenuated HNF4α protein expression and reduced gene expression of classical/progenitor markers and increased basal-like markers. Targeting of the CES2-sEH-HNF4α axis using small molecule inhibitors of CES2 or sEH reduced cell viability. Conclusions We establish a novel regulatory loop between CES2 and HNF4α to sustain the progenitor subtype and promote PDAC progression and highlight the potential utility of CES2 or sEH inhibitors for the treatment of PDAC as part of non-irinotecan-containing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Chen
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michela Capello
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mayrim V Rios Perez
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jody V Vykoukal
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Roife
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ya'an Kang
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Laura R Prakash
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hiroyuki Katayama
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ehsan Irajizad
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alia Fleury
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sammy Ferri-Borgogno
- Departments of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Dodge L Baluya
- Departments of Center for Radiation Oncology Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jennifer B Dennison
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kim-Anh Do
- Departments of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- UC Davis Genome Center - Metabolomics, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, CA, USA; and
| | - Anirban Maitra
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA;; Departments of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Huamin Wang
- Departments of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul J Chiao
- Departments of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew H G Katz
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jason B Fleming
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Samir M Hanash
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johannes F Fahrmann
- Departments of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Teeli AS, Łuczyńska K, Haque E, Gayas MA, Winiarczyk D, Taniguchi H. Disruption of Tumor Suppressors HNF4α/HNF1α Causes Tumorigenesis in Liver. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215357. [PMID: 34771521 PMCID: PMC8582545 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The hepatocyte nuclear factor-4α (HNF4α) and hepatocyte nuclear factor-1α (HNF1α) are transcription factors that influence the development and maintenance of homeostasis in a variety of tissues, including the liver. As such, disruptions in their transcriptional networks can herald a number of pathologies, such as tumorigenesis. Largely considered tumor suppressants in liver cancer, these transcription factors regulate key events of inflammation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, metabolic reprogramming, and the differentiation status of the cell. High-throughput analysis of cancer cell genomes has identified a number of hotspot mutations in HNF1α and HNF4α in liver cancer. Such results also showcase HNF1α and HNF4α as important therapeutic targets helping us step into the era of personalized medicine. In this review, we update current findings on the roles of HNF1α and HNF4α in liver cancer development and progression. It covers the molecular mechanisms of HNF1α and HNF4α dysregulation and also highlights the potential of HNF4α as a therapeutic target in liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Salam Teeli
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Kamila Łuczyńska
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Effi Haque
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Mohmmad Abrar Gayas
- Department of Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-K, Jammu 19000, India;
| | - Dawid Winiarczyk
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
| | - Hiroaki Taniguchi
- Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-552 Jastrzebiec, Poland; (A.S.T.); (K.Ł.); (E.H.); (D.W.)
- Correspondence:
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Sawazumi T, Baba T, Iwasawa T, Arai H, Matsumura M, Takemura T, Sugiyama M, Sekiya M, Saigusa Y, Ogura T, Inayama Y, Ohashi K, Okudela K. Prognostic impact of HNF4α expression in interstitial lung disease. Pathol Int 2021; 72:25-34. [PMID: 34643024 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pneumocyte injury is a crucial factor influencing the severity of interstitial lung disease (ILD). In this study, we investigated the potential of hepatocyte nuclear factor α (HNF4α) as an immunohistochemical marker to detect pneumocyte injury and as a prognostic marker. Surgical lung biopsy specimens were collected from 309 patients with different types of ILDs (61 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), 173 non-IPF, and 75 unclassifiable ILD). HNF4α expression were examined and the frequency of positive cells (per mm2 ) was calculated. HNF4α was strongly expressed in regenerating pneumocytes present on fibroblastic foci, Masson bodies/organizing alveoli. In the non-IPF and unclassifiable ILD groups, cases with high frequency expression showed significantly poorer outcome. Particularly, in the unclassifiable ILD group, the prognostic impact was more significant (death due to ILD, log-rank test, p < 0.0001), with a 10-year survival rate (hazard ratio 11.1, Wald test, p = 0.0003), as compared to the non-IPF group (log-rank test, p = 0.0269; hazard ratio 2.7, Wald test, p = 0.0334). Multivariable analysis focusing on the unclassifiable ILD group confirmed that the frequent HNF4α expression was an independent prognostic factor (hazard ratio 28.6; Wald test, p = 0.0033). Thus, HNF4α can be utilized as an immunohistochemical marker for pneumocyte injury and have prognostic impact particularly in unclassifiable ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Sawazumi
- Division of Pathology, Yokohama City University Medical Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tae Iwasawa
- Division of Radiology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Arai
- Division of General Thoracic Surgery, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mai Matsumura
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tamiko Takemura
- Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Misaki Sugiyama
- Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Motoki Sekiya
- Division of Pathology, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saigusa
- Department of Biostatistics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inayama
- Division of Pathology, Yokohama City University Medical Center Hospital, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohashi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Diaz-Aragon R, Coard MC, Amirneni S, Faccioli L, Haep N, Malizio MR, Motomura T, Kocas-Kilicarslan ZN, Ostrowska A, Florentino RM, Frau C. Therapeutic Potential of HNF4α in End-stage Liver Disease. Organogenesis 2021; 17:126-135. [PMID: 35114889 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2021.1994273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of end-stage liver disease (ESLD) in the US is increasing at an alarming rate. It can be caused by several factors; however, one of the most common routes begins with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). ESLD is diagnosed by the presence of irreversible damage to the liver. Currently, the only definitive treatment for ESLD is orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Nevertheless, OLT is limited due to a shortage of donor livers. Several promising alternative treatment options are under investigation. Researchers have focused on the effect of liver-enriched transcription factors (LETFs) on disease progression. Specifically, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4-alpha (HNF4α) has been reported to reset the liver transcription network and possibly play a role in the regression of fibrosis and cirrhosis. In this review, we describe the function of HNF4α, along with its regulation at various levels. In addition, we summarize the role of HNF4α in ESLD and its potential as a therapeutic target in the treatment of ESLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Diaz-Aragon
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael C Coard
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sriram Amirneni
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lanuza Faccioli
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nils Haep
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michelle R Malizio
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Takashi Motomura
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Alina Ostrowska
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rodrigo M Florentino
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carla Frau
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Schonfeld M, O’Neil M, Villar MT, Artigues A, Averilla J, Gunewardena S, Weinman SA, Tikhanovich I. A Western diet with alcohol in drinking water recapitulates features of alcohol-associated liver disease in mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:1980-1993. [PMID: 34523155 PMCID: PMC9006178 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mouse models of alcohol-associated liver disease vary greatly in their ease of implementation and the pathology they produce. Effects range from steatosis and mild inflammation with the Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet to severe inflammation, fibrosis, and pyroptosis seen with the Tsukamoto-French intragastric feeding model. Implementation of all of these models is limited by the labor-intensive nature of the protocols and the specialized skills necessary for successful intragastric feeding. We thus sought to develop a new model to reproduce features of alcohol-induced inflammation and fibrosis with minimal operational requirements. METHODS Over a 16-week period, mice were fed ad libitum with a pelleted high-fat Western diet (WD; 40% calories from fat) and alcohol added to the drinking water. We found the optimal alcohol consumption to be that at which the alcohol concentration was 20% for 4 days and 10% for 3 days per week. Control mice received WD pellets with water alone. RESULTS Alcohol consumption was 18 to 20 g/kg/day in males and 20 to 22 g/kg/day in females. Mice in the alcohol groups developed elevated serum transaminase levels after 12 weeks in males and 10 weeks in females. At 16 weeks, both males and females developed liver inflammation, steatosis, and pericellular fibrosis. Control mice on WD without alcohol had mild steatosis only. Alcohol-fed mice showed reduced HNF4α mRNA and protein expression. HNF4α is a master regulator of hepatocyte differentiation, down-regulation of which is a known driver of hepatocellular failure in alcoholic hepatitis. CONCLUSION A simple-to-administer, 16-week WD alcohol model recapitulates the inflammatory, fibrotic, and gene expression aspects of human alcohol-associated steatohepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Schonfeld
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
| | - Maura O’Neil
- Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
- Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
| | - Maria T Villar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
| | - Antonio Artigues
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
| | - Janice Averilla
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
| | - Sumedha Gunewardena
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
| | - Steven A. Weinman
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
- Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
- Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Irina Tikhanovich
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
- Liver Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, U.S.A
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Kanamori S, Ohashi N, Ishida H, Yamamoto K, Itoh T. HNF4α Is a Covalent Bond-Forming Receptor. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 67:126-129. [PMID: 33952733 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.67.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
HNF4α is a nuclear receptor whose ligands are fatty acids. HNF4α is a target molecule for drug discovery research and thus we tested its covalent binding ability to investigate the possible development of covalent modifiers of HNF4α. Oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (oxo-PUFAs) have moderate flexibility and possess a Michael acceptor that participates in conjugate addition reactions with nucleophilic amino acid residues. Thus, oxo-PUFAs were used as probes and their covalent binding abilities to HNF4α were verified. Several oxo-PUFAs, such as 4-oxoDHA, were shown to be covalent modifiers of HNF4α and therefore we concluded that HNF4α can form covalent bonds to ligands.
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Ahn J, Lee H, Jung CH, Ha SY, Seo HD, Kim YI, Ha T. 6-Gingerol Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis via HNF4α/miR-467b-3p/GPAT1 Cascade. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1201-1213. [PMID: 34139323 PMCID: PMC8445893 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can be modulated by microRNAs (miRNA). Dietary polyphenols modulate the expression of miRNA such as miR-467b-3p in the liver. In addition, 6-gingerol (6-G), the functional polyphenol of ginger, has been reported to ameliorate hepatic steatosis; however, the exact mechanism involved and the role of miRNA remain elusive. In this study, we assessed the role of miR-467b-3p in the pathogenesis of hepatic steatosis and the regulation of miR-467b-3p by 6-G through the hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α). METHODS miR-467b-3p expression was measured in free fatty acid (FFA)-treated hepatocytes or liver from high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Gain- or loss-of-function of miR-467b-3p was induced using miR-467b-3p-specific miRNA mimic or miRNA inhibitor, respectively. 6-G was exposed to FFA-treated cells and HFD-fed mice. The HNF4α/miR-467b-3p/GPAT1 axis was measured in mouse and human fatty liver tissues. RESULTS We found that miR-467b-3p was down-regulated in liver tissues from HFD-fed mice and in FFA-treated Hepa1-6 cells. Overexpression of miR-467b-3p decreased intracellular lipid accumulation in FFA-treated hepatocytes and mitigated hepatic steatosis in HFD-fed mice via negative regulation of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase-1 (GPAT1). In addition, miR-467b-3p up-regulation by 6-G was observed. 6-G inhibited FFA-induced lipid accumulation and mitigated hepatic steatosis. Moreover, it increased the transcriptional activity of HNF4α, resulting in the increase of miR-467b-3p and subsequent decrease of GPAT1. HNF4α/miR-467b-3p/GPAT1 signaling also was observed in human samples with hepatic steatosis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings establish a novel mechanism by which 6-G improves NAFLD. This suggests that targeting of the HNF4α/miR-467b-3p/GPAT1 cascade may be used as a potential therapeutic strategy to control NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyun Ahn
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea,Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Jiyun Ahn, PhD, DVM, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea.
| | - Hyunjung Lee
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea,Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Ha
- Department of Pathology, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hyo-Deok Seo
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea
| | - Young In Kim
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea,Department of Food Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju-si, South Korea
| | - Taeyoul Ha
- Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Korea,Division of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Jiyun Ahn, PhD, DVM, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Korea Food Research Institute, 245, Nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Korea.
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Reichert D, Adolph L, Köhler JP, Buschmann T, Luedde T, Häussinger D, Kordes C. Improved Recovery from Liver Fibrosis by Crenolanib. Cells 2021; 10:804. [PMID: 33916518 PMCID: PMC8067177 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver diseases are associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. This so-called fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis and impair vital functions of the liver. We examined whether the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) class III inhibitor Crenolanib affects the behavior of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) involved in fibrogenesis. Rats were treated with thioacetamide (TAA) for 18 weeks to trigger fibrosis. After TAA treatment, the animals received Crenolanib for two weeks, which significantly improved recovery from liver fibrosis. Because Crenolanib predominantly inhibits the RTK platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β, impaired HSC proliferation might be responsible for this beneficial effect. Interestingly, blocking of RTK signaling by Crenolanib not only hindered HSC proliferation but also triggered their specification into hepatic endoderm. Endodermal specification was mediated by p38 mitogen-activated kinase (p38 MAPK) and c-Jun-activated kinase (JNK) signaling; however, this process remained incomplete, and the HSC accumulated lipids. JNK activation was induced by stress response-associated inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α) in response to Crenolanib treatment, whereas β-catenin-dependent WNT signaling was able to counteract this process. In conclusion, the Crenolanib-mediated inhibition of RTK impeded HSC proliferation and triggered stress responses, initiating developmental processes in HSC that might have contributed to improved recovery from liver fibrosis in TAA-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claus Kordes
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich Heine University, Moorenstraße 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (D.R.); (L.A.); (J.P.K.); (T.B.); (T.L.); (D.H.)
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Deng D, Yang S, Wang X. Long non-coding RNA SNHG16 regulates cell behaviors through miR-542-3p/ HNF4α axis via RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in pediatric neuroblastoma cells. Biosci Rep 2020; 40:BSR20200723. [PMID: 32412051 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20200723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an extracranial solid tumor in children with complex mechanism. Increasing reports indicated that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) account for the pathogenesis of NB. Nevertheless, the precise functions of SNHG16 needed to be further exposed in NB progression. Our data revealed that SNHG16 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 α (HNF4α) were up-regulated, but miR-542-3p was down-regulated in NB. Knockdown of SNHG16 or HNF4α could impede cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro. Interestingly, the role of SNHG16 detetion in cell behaviors was rescued by HNF4α overexpression in NB cells. Mechanically, SNHG16 modulated the progression of tumor growth via miR-542-3p/HNF4α axis in NB. Also, SNHG16 knockdown inactivated rat sarcoma/effector of RAS/mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinases (RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK) signaling pathway through HNF4α. Therefore, SNHG16/miR-542-3p/HNF4α axis modified NB progression via RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, might highlight a novel therapeutic approach for NB.
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Tobón-Cornejo S, Vargas-Castillo A, Leyva-Martínez A, Ortíz V, Noriega LG, Velázquez-Villegas LA, Aleman G, Furosawa-Carballeda J, Torres N, Tovar AR. PPARα/RXRα downregulates amino acid catabolism in the liver via interaction with HNF4α promoting its proteasomal degradation. Metabolism 2021; 116:154705. [PMID: 33422545 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The preservation of body proteins is essential to guarantee their functions in organisms. Therefore, the utilization of amino acids as energy substrates is regulated by a precise fine-tuned mechanism. Recent evidence suggests that the transcription factors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4α) are involved in this regulatory mechanism. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine how these transcription factors interact to regulate the expression of amino acid catabolism genes. In vivo studies using PPARα-knockout mice (Pparα-null) fed different amounts of dietary protein showed that in the absence of PPARα, there was a significant increase in HNF4α abundance in the liver, which corresponded with an increase in amino acid catabolizing enzyme (AACE) expression and the generation of increased amounts of postprandial urea. Moreover, this effect was proportional to the increase in dietary protein consumed. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that HNF4α can bind to the promoter of AACE serine dehydratase (SDS), an effect that was potentiated by dietary protein in the Pparα-null mice. The mechanistic studies revealed that the presence of retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRα) is essential to repress HNF4α activity in the presence of PPARα, and this interaction accelerates HNF4α degradation via the proteasome pathway. These results showed that PPARα can downregulate liver amino acid catabolism in the presence of RXRα by inhibiting HNF4α activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Tobón-Cornejo
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Ariana Vargas-Castillo
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Alekxa Leyva-Martínez
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Victor Ortíz
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Lilia G Noriega
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Laura A Velázquez-Villegas
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Aleman
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Janette Furosawa-Carballeda
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico
| | - Armando R Tovar
- Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México CDMX, Mexico.
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Wu Y, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhao R. Polysaccharides of vinegar-baked radix bupleuri promote the hepatic targeting effect of oxymatrine by regulating the protein expression of HNF4α, Mrp2, and OCT1. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 267:113471. [PMID: 33075440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri (VBRB) is a processed form of Bupleurum chinense DC. As a well-known meridian-guiding drug, it is traditionally used as a component of traditional Chinese medicine formulations indicated for the treatment of liver diseases. However, the liver targeting component in VBRB remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the efficacy and mechanism of PSS (polysaccharides in Vinegar-baked Radix Bupleuri) in enhancing liver targeting. MATERIALS AND METHODS Drug distribution of OM alone or combined with PSS was investigated in vivo. Relative uptake efficiency (RUE) and relative targeting efficiency (RTE) were calculated to evaluate liver targeting efficiency. The mRNA and protein expression of organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), multi-drug resistance protein 2 (Mrp2), and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) in the liver were determined by q-PCR and Western blot. Then, AZT, the inhibitor of OCT1 and BI6015, the inhibitor of HNF4α were used to investigate regulatory mechanisms involved in the uptake of OM in the cell. At last, the role of PSS in the anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) was explored on HepG2.2.15. RESULTS PSS increased the AUC of OM in the liver and increase the RUE and RTE in the liver which indicated a liver targeting enhancing effect. The mRNA and protein expression of OCT1 was increased while Mrp2 and HNF4α decreased. PSS could increase the uptake of OM in HepG2 by increasing the protein expression of HNF4α and OCT1, while inhibited Mrp2. Moreover, PSS combined with OM could enhance the anti-HBV effect of OM. CONCLUSION PSS enhanced the liver targeting efficiency and the underlying mechanism related to up-regulating the expression of OCT1 and HNF4α, while down-regulating of Mrp2. These results suggest that PSS may become a potential excipient and provide a new direction for new targeted research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, China.
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Jin L, Pan YL, Zhang J, Cao PG. LncRNA HOTAIR recruits SNAIL to inhibit the transcription of HNF4α and promote the viability, migration, invasion and EMT of colorectal cancer. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101036. [PMID: 33588137 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
HOTAIR recruited SNAIL and reduced the expression of HNF4α to promote EMT of colorectal cancer. Provided potential novel long non-coding RNA-directed early diagnosis and therapy for colorectal cancer. Provided further insight into the regulatory mechanism of HOTAIR in colorectal cancer.
Colorectal cancer causes severe burdensome on the health by its high fatality and poor prognosis. Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) was believed closely related with the genesis and development of colorectal cancer, but the regulatory mechanism is still to be investigated. The expression of HOTAIR was analyzed in colorectal cancer using both qRT-PCR and ISH assay. The cell viability, migration, invasion and apoptosis rate were evaluated using MTT, BrdU,Transwell and flow cytometryexperiments. The interaction between HOTAIR and SNAIL was detected using RIP and RNA pull-down. The binding of SNAIL to HNF4α promoter was assessed by ChIP. The cell lines that knock down HOTAIR, SNAIL or overexpress HNF4α were constructed using retroviral vector system. The tumorigenic and metastatic capacity of colorectal cancer cells after knocking down HOTAIR were evaluated based on xenograft assay and liver metastases model. HOTAIR was highly expressed in both tissue and cell lines of colorectal cancer, indicated a regulatory function in colorectal cancer. Knock-down of HOTAIR suppressed cell viability, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of colorectal cancer cells in vitro, and inhibited the growth and metastasis of colorectal tumor in nude mice. We further found that HOTAIR suppressed HNF4α via recruiting SNAIL, and the overexpression of HNF4α inhibited cell viability, migration, invasion and EMT of colorectal cancer cells. We demonstrated that HOTAIR regulates the level of HNF4α via recruiting SNAIL, knocking down HOTAIR repressed the cell viability and metestasis of colorectal cancer cell line in vitro, and suppressed the tomorgenesis and migration/invasion of colorectal cancer in vivo.
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Vollmar J, Kim YO, Marquardt JU, Galle PR, Schuppan D, Zimmermann T. Functional inhibition of Oct leads to HNF4α upregulation. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:349. [PMID: 33732322 PMCID: PMC7903485 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic cation transporters (human, OCT; mouse, Oct) are responsible for the intracellular uptake and detoxification of a broad spectrum of endogenous and exogenous substrates. The OCT1 gene SLC22A1 (human; mouse, Scl22a1) is transactivated by hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (human, HNF4α; mouse, Hnf4α). HNF4α is a master regulator of hepatocyte differentiation and is frequently associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In addition, the downregulation of HNF4α is associated with enhanced fibrogenesis. Our recent study revealed that hepatocarcinogenesis and fibrosis were enhanced with the loss of Oct3 (gene, Slc22a3). Notably, differences in Hnf4α expression, and in cholestasis and fibrosis were also detected in Oct3-knockout (FVB.Slc22a3tm10pb, Oct3-/-) mice. To the best of our knowledge, no data exists on an interaction between Oct3 and Hnf4α. We hypothesised that loss of Oct3 may have an impact on Hnf4α expression. In the present study, gene expression analyses were performed in liver tissue from untreated Oct3-/- and wild type (FVB, WT) mice. C57BL/6, Oct3-/- and WT mice were treated with pro-fibrotic carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or thioacetamide (TAA) for 6 weeks to chemically induce liver fibrosis. Cholestasis-associated fibrosis was mechanically generated in Oct3-/- and WT mice by bile duct ligation (BDL). Finally, stably OCT1- and OCT3-transfected tumour cell lines and primary murine hepatocytes were treated with the non-selective OCT inhibitor quinine and Hnf4α expression was quantified by qPCR and immunofluorescence. The results revealed that Hnf4α is one of the top upstream regulators in Oct3-/- mice. Hnf4α mRNA expression levels were downregulated in Oct3-/- mice compared with in WT mice during cholestatic liver damage as well as fibrogenesis. The downregulation of Hnf4α mRNA expression in fibrotic liver tissue was reversible within 4 weeks. In stably OCT1- and OCT3-transfected HepG2 and HuH7 cells, and primary murine hepatocytes, functional inhibition of OCT led to the upregulation of Hnf4α mRNA expression. Hnf4α was revealed to be located in the cytosol of WT hepatocytes, whereas Oct3-/- hepatocytes exhibited nuclear Hnf4α expression. In conclusion, Hnf4α was downregulated in response to cholestasis and fibrosis, and functional inhibition of Oct may lead to the upregulation of Hnf4α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Vollmar
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital of Worms, D-67550 Worms, Germany
| | - Yong Ook Kim
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Fibrosis and Metabolism Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jens Uwe Marquardt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Peter R Galle
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology, Fibrosis and Metabolism Centre, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tim Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Hospital of Worms, D-67550 Worms, Germany
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Brex D, Barbagallo C, Mirabella F, Caponnetto A, Battaglia R, Barbagallo D, Caltabiano R, Broggi G, Memeo L, Di Pietro C, Purrello M, Ragusa M. LINC00483 Has a Potential Tumor-Suppressor Role in Colorectal Cancer Through Multiple Molecular Axes. Front Oncol 2021; 10:614455. [PMID: 33552987 PMCID: PMC7855711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.614455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the most heterogeneous class of non-protein-coding RNAs involved in a broad spectrum of molecular mechanisms controlling genome function, including the generation of complex networks of RNA-RNA competitive interactions. Accordingly, their dysregulation contributes to the onset of many tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Through a combination of in silico approaches (statistical screening of expression datasets) and in vitro analyses (enforced expression, artificial inhibition, or activation of pathways), we identified LINC00483 as a potential tumor suppressor lncRNA in CRC. LINC00483 was downregulated in CRC biopsies and metastases and its decreased levels were associated with severe clinical features. Inhibition of the MAPK pathway and cell cycle arrest by starvation induced an upregulation of LINC00483, while the epithelial to mesenchymal transition activation by TGFβ-1 and IL-6 caused its down-modulation. Moreover, enforced expression of LINC00483 provoked a slowing down of cell migration rate without affecting cell proliferation. Since LINC00483 was predominantly cytoplasmic, we hypothesized a “miRNA sponge” role for it. Accordingly, we computationally reconstructed the LINC00483/miRNA/mRNA axes and evaluated the expression of mRNAs in different experimental conditions inducing LINC00483 alteration. By this approach, we identified a set of mRNAs sharing the miRNA response elements with LINC00483 and modulated in accordance with it. Moreover, we found that LINC00483 is potentially under negative control of transcription factor HNF4α. In conclusion, we propose that LINC00483 is a tumor suppressor in CRC that, through an RNA-RNA network, may control cell migration and participate in proliferation signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duilia Brex
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Mirabella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Caponnetto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosalia Battaglia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Davide Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosario Caltabiano
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Broggi
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies G.F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology (IOM), Catania, Italy
| | - Cinzia Di Pietro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Michele Purrello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Ragusa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences - Section of Biology and Genetics "Giovanni Sichel," University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Wang N, Chen M, Ni Z, Li T, Zeng J, Lu G, Wang J, Zhang J, Wu S, Shi Y. HDAC6/ HNF4α loop mediated by miR-1 promotes bile acids-induced gastric intestinal metaplasia. Gastric Cancer 2021; 24:103-116. [PMID: 32705446 PMCID: PMC7790803 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01108-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric intestinal metaplasia (IM) is considered a precancerous lesion, and bile acids (BA) play a critical role in the induction of IM. Ectopic expression of HNF4α was observed in a BA-induced IM cell model. However, the mechanisms underlying the upregulation of the protein in IM cells remains to be elucidated. METHODS The effects of HNF4α on gastric mucosal cells in vivo were identified by a transgenic mouse model and RNA-seq was used to screen downstream targets of deoxycholic acid (DCA). The expression of pivotal molecules and miR-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in normal, gastritis and IM tissue slides or microarrays. The transcriptional regulation of HDAC6 was investigated by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS The transgenic mouse model validated that HNF4α stimulated the HDAC6 expression and mucin secretion in gastric mucosa. Increased HDAC6 and HNF4α expression was also detected in the gastric IM cell model and patient specimens. HNF4α could bind to and activate HDAC6 promoter. In turn, HDAC6 enhanced the HNF4α protein level in GES-1 cells. Furthermore, miR-1 suppressed the expression of downstream intestinal markers by targeting HDAC6 and HNF4α. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that the HDAC6/HNF4α loop regulated by miR-1 plays a critical role in gastric IM. Blocking the activation of this loop could be a potential approach to preventing BA-induced gastric IM or even gastric cancer (GC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Zhen Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China ,Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan China
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China ,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China ,Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Ministry of education, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaoxia Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Guofang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Shannxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Siran Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
| | - Yongquan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi’an, 710032 Shaanxi China
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Xu X, Chen Y, Zhu D, Zhao T, Xu R, Wang J, Hu L, Shen X. FX5 as a non-steroidal GR antagonist improved glucose homeostasis in type 2 diabetic mice via GR/ HNF4α/miR-122-5p pathway. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 13:2436-2458. [PMID: 33316780 PMCID: PMC7880398 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by glucose metabolic disorders, and gluconeogenesis inhibiting is a promisingly therapeutic strategy for T2DM. Glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is tightly implicated in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, although the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here, we discovered that small molecule, 5-chloro-N-[4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiophene-2-sulfonamide (FX5) as a new non-steroidal GR antagonist efficiently ameliorated glucose homeostasis in db/db and HFD/STZ-induced T2DM mice. The mechanism underlying the suppression of FX5 against gluconeogenesis was highly investigated. FX5 suppressed gluconeogenetic genes G6Pase and PEPCK in mouse primary hepatocytes and liver tissues of T2DM mice. Results of mammalian one-hybrid and transactivation as well as nuclear translocation assays totally evaluated the antagonistic features of FX5 against GR. Moreover, siRNA and overexpression related assays verified that FX5 alleviated gluconeogenesis either directly by antagonizing GR or indirectly through GR/HNF4α/miR122-5p signaling pathway. Our work has presented a new mode for GR antagonist in the regulation of gluconeogenesis, which is expected to highlight the potential of FX5 in the treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yidi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Danyang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiaying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lihong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Drug for Degenerative Disease of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
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Kong D, Xu H, Chen M, Yu Y, Qian Y, Qin T, Tong Y, Xia Q, Hang H. Co-encapsulation of HNF4α overexpressing UMSCs and human primary hepatocytes ameliorates mouse acute liver failure. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:449. [PMID: 33097090 PMCID: PMC7583302 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute liver failure (ALF) is a complicated condition that is characterized by global hepatocyte death and often requires immediate liver transplantation. However, this therapy is limited by shortage of donor organs. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and hepatocytes are two attractive sources of cell-based therapies to treat ALF. The combined transplantation of hepatocytes and MSCs is considered to be more effective for the treatment of ALF than single-cell transplantation. We have previously demonstrated that HNF4α-overexpressing human umbilical cord MSCs (HNF4α-UMSCs) promoted the expression of hepatic-specific genes. In addition, microencapsulation allows exchange of nutrients, forming a protective barrier to the transplanted cells. Moreover, encapsulation of hepatocytes improves the viability and synthetic ability of hepatocytes and circumvents immune rejection. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of microencapsulation of hepatocytes and HNF4α-UMSCs in ALF mice. METHODS Human hepatocytes and UMSCs were obtained separately from liver and umbilical cord, followed by co-encapsulation and transplantation into mice by intraperitoneal injection. LPS/D-gal was used to induce ALF by intraperitoneal injection 24 h after transplantation. In addition, Raw 264.7 cells (a macrophage cell line) were used to elucidate the effect of HNF4α-UMSCs-hepatocyte microcapsules on polarization of macrophages. The protein chip was used to define the important paracrine factors in the conditioned mediums (CMs) of UMSCs and HNF4α-UMSCs and investigate the possible mechanism of HNF4α-UMSCs for the treatment of ALF in mice. RESULTS HNF4α-UMSCs can enhance the function of primary hepatocytes in alginate-poly-L-lysine-alginate (APA) microcapsules. The co-encapsulation of both HNF4α-UMSCs and hepatocytes achieved better therapeutic effects in ALF mice by promoting M2 macrophage polarization and reducing inflammatory response mainly mediated by the paracrine factor HB-EGF secreted by HNF4α-UMSCs. CONCLUSIONS The present study confirms that the co-encapsulation of HNF4α-UMSC and hepatocytes could exert therapeutic effect on ALF mainly by HB-EGF secreted by HNF4α-UMSCs and provides a novel strategy for the treatment of ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defu Kong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Huiming Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Clinical Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yeping Yu
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Yongbing Qian
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Tian Qin
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China
| | - Qiang Xia
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
| | - Hualian Hang
- Department of Liver Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.
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Abstract
Low plasma levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) are a marker for obesity, insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and type 2 diabetes. The transcription factor HNF4α is a major determinant of hepatic SHBG expression and thereby serum SHBG levels, and mediates in part the association of low SHBG with hyperinsulinemia and hepatic steatosis. We analyzed the lipidome in human liver specimens from a cohort of patients who underwent hepatic resection as a treatment for cancer, providing insight into hepatic lipids in those without extreme obesity or the clinical diagnosis of NAFLD or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Both steatosis and high HOMA-IR were associated with higher levels of saturated and unsaturated FA, other than arachidonic, with the most dramatic rise in 18:1 oleate, consistent with increased stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity. Individuals with low HOMA-IR had low levels of total hepatic fatty acids, while both low and high fatty acid levels characterized the high HOMA-IR group. Both insulin resistance and high levels of hepatic fat were associated with low expression levels of HNF4α and thereby SHBG, but the expression of these genes was also low in the absence of these determinants, implying additional regulatory mechanisms that remain to be determined. The relationship of all FA studied to HNFα and SHBG mRNAs was inverse, and similar to that for total triglyceride concentrations, irrespective of chain length and saturation vs unsaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Winters
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Correspondence should be addressed to S J Winters:
| | - Charles R Scoggins
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Duke Appiah
- Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Dushan T Ghooray
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Kasano-Camones CI, Takizawa M, Iwasaki W, Sasaki S, Hamada M, Morimoto A, Sakaguchi M, Gonzalez FJ, Inoue Y. Synergistic regulation of hepatic Fsp27b expression by HNF4α and CREBH. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 530:432-439. [PMID: 32553626 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The CIDE (cell death-inducing DFF45-like effector) family composed of CIDEA, CIDEB, CIDEC/FSP27 (fat-specific protein 27), has a critical role in growth of lipid droplets. Of these, CIDEB and CIDEC2/FSP27B are abundant in the liver, and the steatotic livers, respectively. Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) has an important role in lipid homeostasis because liver-specific HNF4α-null mice (Hnf4aΔHep mice) exhibit hepatosteatosis. We investigated whether HNF4α directly regulates expression of CIDE family genes. Expression of Cideb and Fsp27b was largely decreased in Hnf4aΔHep mice, while expression of Cidea was increased. Similar results were observed only in CIDEC2, the human orthologue of the Fsp27b, in human hepatoma cell lines in which HNF4α expression was knocked down. Conversely, overexpression of HNF4α strongly induced CIDEC2 expression in hepatoma cell lines. Furthermore, HNF4α transactivated Fsp27b by direct binding to an HNF4α response element in the Fsp27b promoter. In addition, Fsp27b is known to be transactivated by CREBH that is regulated by HNF4α, and expression of CREBH was induced by HNF4α in human hepatoma cells. Co-transfection of HNF4α and CREBH resulted in synergistic transactivation and induction of Fsp27b compared to that of HNF4α or CREBH alone. These results suggest that HNF4α, in conjunction with CREBH, plays an important role in regulation of Fsp27b expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ichiro Kasano-Camones
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masayuki Takizawa
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Wakana Iwasaki
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Shota Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Mume Hamada
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Aoi Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Sakaguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20852, USA
| | - Yusuke Inoue
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, Kiryu, Gunma, 376-8515, Japan; Gunma University Center for Food Science and Wellness, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8510, Japan.
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Xia C, Tang W, Geng P, Zhu H, Zhou W, Huang H, Zhou P, Shi X. Baicalin down-regulating hepatitis B virus transcription depends on the liver-specific HNF4α-HNF1α axis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 403:115131. [PMID: 32687838 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Baicalin (BA) inhibits hepatitis B virus (HBV) RNAs production and reduces levels of the related hepatocyte nuclear factors (HNFs), although the underlying mechanism is unclear. In this study, we investigated the specific pathway by which BA regulates HBV transcription through the HBV-related HNFs. Following transfection of HepG2 cells with pHBV1.2, we observed that BA inhibited the production of HBV RNAs and viral proteins in a time- and dose-dependent manner. These effects were consistent with the downregulation of HNF1α, which was abolished by HNF1α-shRNA. The shRNA of HNF4α, the upstream gene of HNF1α, also remarkedly reduced HNF1α expression and impaired the anti-HBV efficacy of BA, indicating that this function of BA depended on HNF4α/HNF1α axis. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation assay showed that BA significantly reduced HNF4α-HNF1α transactivation activity. The similar effects of BA were observed in entecavir (ETV)-resistant HBVrtM204V/rtLl80M transfected HepG2 cells. Thus, we proposed a mechanism for the anti-HBV activity of BA in an HNF4α-HNF1α-dependent manner, which impaired HNF4α and HNF1α transactivation, and effectively inhibited HBV transcription and viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Xia
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Wenyi Tang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Ping Geng
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Han Dan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Pei Zhou
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xunlong Shi
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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Elhodaky M, Hong LK, Kadkol S, Diamond AM. Selenium-binding protein 1 alters energy metabolism in prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2020; 80:962-976. [PMID: 32511787 PMCID: PMC7473137 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The broad goal of the research described in this study was to investigate the contributions of selenium-binding protein 1 (SBP1) loss in prostate cancer development and outcome. METHODS SBP1 levels were altered in prostate cancer cell lines and the consequences on oxygen consumption, expression of proteins associated with energy metabolism, and cellular transformation and migration were investigated. The effects of exposing cells to the SBP1 reaction products, H2 O2 and H2 S were also assessed. In silico analyses identified potential HNF4α binding sites within the SBP1 promoter region and this was investigated using an inhibitor specific for that transcription factor. RESULTS Using in silico analyses, it was determined that the promoter region of SBP1 contains putative binding sites for the HNF4α transcription factor. The potential for HNF4α to regulate SBP1 expression was supported by data indicating that HNF4α inhibition resulted in a dose-response increase in the levels of SBP1 messenger RNA and protein, identifying HNF4α as a novel negative regulator of SBP1 expression in prostate cancer cells. The consequences of altering the levels of SBP1 were investigated by ectopically expressing SBP1 in PC-3 prostate cancer cells, where SBP1 expression attenuated anchorage-independent cellular growth and migration in culture, both properties associated with transformation. SBP1 overexpression reduced oxygen consumption in these cells and increased the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a major regulator of energy homeostasis. In addition, the reaction products of SBP1, H2 O2 , and H2 S also activated AMPK. CONCLUSIONS Based on the obtained data, it is hypothesized that SBP1 negatively regulates oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in the healthy prostate cells by the production of H2 O2 and H2 S and consequential activation of AMPK. The reduction of SBP1 levels in prostate cancer can occur due to increased binding of HNF4α, acting as a transcriptional inhibitor to the SBP1 promoter. Consequently, there is a reduction in H2 O2 and H2 S-mediated signaling, inhibition of AMPK, and stimulation of OXPHOS and building blocks of biomolecules needed for tumor growth and progression. Other effects of SBP1 loss in tumor cells remain to be discovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Elhodaky
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Lenny K. Hong
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Shrinidhi Kadkol
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Alan M. Diamond
- Department of Pathology, College of MedicineUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIllinois
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