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Baesu A, Feng YL. Development of a robust non-targeted analysis approach for fast identification of endocrine disruptors and their metabolites in human urine for exposure assessment. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142754. [PMID: 38964720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals are of concern because of possible human health effects, thus they are frequently included in biomonitoring studies. Current analytical methods are focused on known chemicals and are incapable of identifying or quantifying other unknown chemicals and their metabolites. Non-targeted analysis (NTA) methods are advantageous since they allow for broad chemical screening, which provides a more comprehensive characterization of human chemical exposure, and can allow elucidation of metabolic pathways for unknown chemicals. There are still many challenges associated with NTA, which can impact the results obtained. The chemical space, i.e., the group of known and possible compounds within the scope of the method, must clearly be defined based on the sample preparation, as this is critical in identifying chemicals with confidence. Data acquisition modes and mobile phase additives used with liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass-spectrometry can affect the chemicals ionized and structural identification based on the spectral quality. In this study, a sample preparation method was developed using a novel clean-up approach with CarbonS cartridges, for endocrine-disrupting chemicals in urine, including new bisphenol A analogues and benzophenone-based UV filters, like methyl bis (4-hydroxyphenyl acetate). The study showed that data dependent acquisition (DDA) had a lower identification rate (40%) at low spiking levels, i.e., 1 ng/mL, compared to data independent acquisition (DIA) (57%), when Compound Discoverer was used. In DDA, more compounds were identified using Compound Discoverer, with an identification rate of 95% when ammonium acetate was compared to acetic acid (82%) as a mobile phase additive. TraceFinder software had an identification rate of 53% at 1 ng/mL spiking level using the DDA data, compared to 40% using the DIA data. Using the developed method, 2,4 bisphenol F was identified for the first time in urine samples. The results show how NTA can provide human exposure information for risk assessment and regulatory action but standardized reporting of procedures is needed to ensure study results are reproducible and accurate. His Majesty the King in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Health, 2024.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anca Baesu
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, AL: 2203 B, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Yong-Lai Feng
- Exposure and Biomonitoring Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Environmental and Radiation Health Sciences Directorate, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, AL: 2203 B, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0K9, Canada.
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Hossain MZ, Feuerstein ML, Gu Y, Warth B. Scaling up a targeted exposome LC-MS/MS biomonitoring method by incorporating veterinary drugs and pesticides. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024:10.1007/s00216-024-05374-x. [PMID: 38937289 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05374-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Humans are exposed to a cocktail of food-related and environmental contaminants, potentially contributing to the etiology of chronic diseases. Better characterizing the "exposome" is a challenging task and requires broad human biomonitoring (HBM). Veterinary drugs (VDs)/antibiotics, widely used and regulated in food and animal production, however, are typically not yet included in exposomics workflows. Therefore, in this work, a previously established multianalyte liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method covering >80 diverse xenobiotics was expanded by >40 VDs/antibiotics and pesticides. It was investigated if the generic workflow allowed for the successful integration of a high number of new analytes in a proof-of-principle study. The expanded method was successfully in-house validated and specificity, matrix effects, linearity, intra- and inter-day precision, accuracy, limits of quantification, and detection were evaluated. The optimized method demonstrated satisfactory recovery (81-120%) for most of the added analytes with acceptable RSDs (<20%) at three spiking levels. The majority of VDs/antibiotics and pesticides (69%) showed matrix effects within a range of 50-140%. Moreover, sensitivity was excellent with median LODs and LOQs of 0.10 ng/mL and 0.31 ng/mL, respectively. In total, the expanded method can be used to detect and quantify more than 120 highly diverse analytes in a single analytical run. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this work represents the first targeted biomonitoring method integrating VDs with various other classes of pollutants including plasticizers, PFAS, bisphenols, mycotoxins, and personal care products. It demonstrates the potential to expand targeted multianalyte methods towards additional groups of potentially toxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zakir Hossain
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Max L Feuerstein
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Exposome Austria, Research Infrastructure and National EIRENE Node, Vienna, Austria
| | - Yunyun Gu
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Warth
- Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Exposome Austria, Research Infrastructure and National EIRENE Node, Vienna, Austria.
- Vienna Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Birolli WG, Lanças FM, dos Santos Neto ÁJ, Silveira HCS. Determination of pesticide residues in urine by chromatography-mass spectrometry: methods and applications. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1336014. [PMID: 38932775 PMCID: PMC11199415 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1336014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Pollution has emerged as a significant threat to humanity, necessitating a thorough evaluation of its impacts. As a result, various methods for human biomonitoring have been proposed as vital tools for assessing, managing, and mitigating exposure risks. Among these methods, urine stands out as the most commonly analyzed biological sample and the primary matrix for biomonitoring studies. Objectives This review concentrates on exploring the literature concerning residual pesticide determination in urine, utilizing liquid and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and its practical applications. Method The examination focused on methods developed since 2010. Additionally, applications reported between 2015 and 2022 were thoroughly reviewed, utilizing Web of Science as a primary resource. Synthesis Recent advancements in chromatography-mass spectrometry technology have significantly enhanced the development of multi-residue methods. These determinations are now capable of simultaneously detecting numerous pesticide residues from various chemical and use classes. Furthermore, these methods encompass analytes from a variety of environmental contaminants, offering a comprehensive approach to biomonitoring. These methodologies have been employed across diverse perspectives, including toxicological studies, assessing pesticide exposure in the general population, occupational exposure among farmers, pest control workers, horticulturists, and florists, as well as investigating consequences during pregnancy and childhood, neurodevelopmental impacts, and reproductive disorders. Future directions Such strategies were essential in examining the health risks associated with exposure to complex mixtures, including pesticides and other relevant compounds, thereby painting a broader and more accurate picture of human exposure. Moreover, the implementation of integrated strategies, involving international research initiatives and biomonitoring programs, is crucial to optimize resource utilization, enhancing efficiency in health risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willian Garcia Birolli
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
- Chromatography Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Mauro Lanças
- Chromatography Group, São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Chen S, Liu H, Sun Y, Li S, Shi Y, Cheng Z, Zhu H, Sun H. Phthalate Biomarkers Composition in Relation to Fatty Liver: Evidence from Epidemiologic and in vivo studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171607. [PMID: 38461993 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates, classified as environmental endocrine disruptors, pose potential toxicity risks to human health. Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease is one of the most widespread liver diseases globally. Compared to studies focusing on metabolic disorders in relation to pollutants exposure, the impact of individual factors such as fatty liver on the in vivo metabolism of pollutants is always overlooked. Therefore, this study measured concentrations and composition of phthalate monoesters (mPAEs) in human urine samples, particularly those from fatty liver patients. Furthermore, we induced fatty liver in male Wistar rats by formulating a high-fat diet for twelve weeks. After administering a single dose of DEHP at 500 mg/kg bw through gavage, we compared the levels of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), its metabolites (mDEHPs) and three hepatic metabolic enzymes, namely cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450), UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 (UGT1), and carboxylesterase 1 (CarE1), between the normal and fatty liver rat groups. Compared to healthy individuals (n = 75), fatty liver patients (n = 104) exhibited significantly lower urinary concentrations of ∑mPAEs (median: 106 vs. 166 ng/mL), but with a higher proportion of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate in ∑mDEHPs (25.7 % vs. 9.9 %) (p < 0.05). In the animal experiment, we found that fatty liver in rats prolonged the elimination half-life of DEHP (24.61 h vs. 18.89 h) and increased the contents of CYP450, CarE1, and UGT1, implying the common but differentiated metabolism of DEHP as excess lipid accumulation in liver cells. This study provides valuable information on how to distinguish populations in biomonitoring studies across a diverse population and in assigning exposure classifications of phthalates or similar chemicals in epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hang Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yulian Sun
- Department of Hepatology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yixuan Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Su Y, Lu J, Liu J, Wang N, Li F, Lei H. Optimization, validation, and application of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 47 banned drug and related chemical residues in livestock urine using graphitized carboxyl multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based QuEChERS extraction. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1721:464858. [PMID: 38564928 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of an efficient method for the analysis of drug residues in animal urine facilitates the real-time monitoring of drugs used in the production of animal-derived food. A modified QuEChERS extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was established for the determination of 47 banned drug and related chemical residues in livestock urine. The sample was extracted with acetonitrile by converting the acid-base environment. The sample cleanup effects of seven solid phase extraction cartridges and two EMR-Lipid products were compared, and three materials, including graphitized carboxyl multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), PSA, and C18, were selected as QuEChERS adsorbents from 24 materials. All analytes showed good linearity, with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.9936. Low limits of quantification could be obtained, ranging from 0.2 to 5.5 ng/mL. The average recoveries at low, medium, and high spiked levels were in the range of 70.8-114.9 %, with intra-day precision ranging from 2.4 % to 11.2 % and inter-day precision ranging from 4.5 % to 16.1 %. Swine urine and bovine urine samples collected from different farms were effectively analyzed using the developed method, and metronidazole was detected in three swine urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, North 4th road NO.221, Shihezi 832003, China; Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, North 4th road NO.221, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Chengdu Customs Technology Center, No. 28, South 4th Section, First Ring Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Yili Normal University, Yining 835000, China
| | - Fang Li
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
| | - Hongqin Lei
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
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Li W, Kannan K. Screening for contamination levels of select organic environmental chemicals in medical supplies used for human specimen collection. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 353:141528. [PMID: 38408569 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Trace-level analysis of environmental chemicals in human specimens can be compromised by contamination introduced during sample collection and storage. Sampling devices and tools can be a source of contamination by plasticizers, additives and antimicrobials, which warrants the need for pre-screening of these products prior to use. In this study, we determined leaching of 121 environmental chemicals in 10% and 100% methanol from 24 types of human specimen collection and storage devices. Cryovials, serum tubes, cups, syringes, transfer pipettes, and gloves -commonly used for the collection of blood, urine, breast milk and stools - were screened for the presence of plasticizers, environmental phenols, and pesticides. Measurable levels of mono-ethyl phthalate (mEP) and triethyl phosphate (TEP) were leached from vials, plastic storage bags, gloves, and diapers, and parabens were leached from collection bottles, at amounts exceeding 100 ng/device. The amount leached from the devices varied depending on the lot numbers of the same product type. Storage time and temperature were found to influence the leaching rate of chemicals, with increased levels observed following prolonged storage and at high temperatures. The study underscores the importance of pre-screening for contamination in devices used for collection and storage of human specimens for biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Li
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12237, United States; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, 12237, United States.
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Charytan DM, Wu W, Liu M, Li ZM, Kannan K, Trasande L, Pal VK, Lee S, Trachtman H. Organic Pollutant Exposure and CKD: A Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort Pilot Study. Kidney Med 2024; 6:100778. [PMID: 38435069 PMCID: PMC10907218 DOI: 10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale & Objective This study aimed to assess the effect of exposure to organic pollutants in adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Study Design This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis. Setting and Participants Forty adults enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC). Exposures Exposure at baseline and longitudinally to various organic chemical pollutants. Outcomes The outcomes were as follows: death; composite of congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke; event-free survival from kidney failure or ≥50% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); and longitudinal trajectory of eGFR. Analytical Approach We used high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry to measure urinary concentrations of bisphenols, phthalates, organophosphate pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, melamine, and cyanuric acid at years 1, 3, and 5 after enrollment in the CRIC. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the association of individual compounds and classes of pollutants with the outcomes. The Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan-Meier method were used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% CIs for each class of pollutants. Results Median baseline eGFR and urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio were 33 mL/min/1.73 m2 and 0.58 mg/g, respectively. Of 52 compounds assayed, 30 were detectable in ≥50% of participants. Urinary chemical concentrations were comparable in patients with CKD and healthy individuals from contemporaneous National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohorts. Phthalates were the only class with a trend toward higher exposure in patients with CKD. There was an inverse relationship between exposure and the eGFR slopes for bisphenol F, mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-[2-(carboxymethyl)hexyl] phthalate, and melamine. There were no associations between organic pollutant exposure and cardiovascular outcomes. Limitations Small sample size, evaluation of single rather than combined exposures. Conclusions Simultaneous measurement of multiple organic pollutants in adults with CKD is feasible. Exposure levels are comparable with healthy individuals. Select contaminants, especially in the phthalate class, may be associated with more rapid deterioration in kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Charytan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Mengling Liu
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Zhong-Min Li
- Wadsworth Center, Environmental Health Sciences, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, Environmental Health Sciences, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Vineet Kumar Pal
- Wadsworth Center, Environmental Health Sciences, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Sunmi Lee
- Wadsworth Center, Environmental Health Sciences, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York
| | - Howard Trachtman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Su Y, Lu J, Liu J, Li F, Wang N, Lei H, Shen X. Optimization of a QuEChERS-LC-MS/MS method for 51 pesticide residues followed by determination of the residue levels and dietary intake risk assessment in foodstuffs. Food Chem 2024; 434:137467. [PMID: 37717404 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
A modified QuEChERS purification-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed to determine 51 pesticide residues with newly established maximum residue limits (MRLs) in foodstuffs. Samples were extracted with acetonitrile under citrate-buffered conditions and purified using a modified QuEChERS method employing hydroxylated MWCNTs, SAX, and C18. The limits of quantification ranged from 0.2 to 9.8 µg/kg. Recoveries in ten different foodstuffs ranged from 70.2% to 117.9%, with relative standard deviations between 2.3% and 19.9% at three spiking levels. This method was applied to analyze 352 market samples, detecting 14 pesticides in 97 samples. Notably, Afidopyropen, cyantraniliprole, and fluxapyroxad residues in vegetables exhibited a consistent pattern of higher levels in the spring and winter and lower levels in the summer and autumn. Moreover, the risk assessments for acute and chronic dietary exposure to the 14 detected pesticides indicated that the %ADI and %ARfD were well below 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China; Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Chengdu Customs Technology Center, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
| | - Hongqin Lei
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 83500, China
| | - Xiaofang Shen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
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Su Y, Lu J, Li F, Liu J. Establishment of a modified QuEChERS extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for multiple pesticide residues followed by determination of the residue levels and exposure assessment in livestock urine. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1714:464547. [PMID: 38056393 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of an analytical method for pesticide residues in livestock urine can realize the real-time monitoring of pesticide pollution in livestock breeding. In this study, a novel method was developed for the determination of 106 pesticide residues in livestock urine based on a modified QuEChERS extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Acetonitrile was used to extract target analytes through acidic and alkaline switching of the sample environment. The purification effect of captiva EMR-Lipid on samples was investigated. Three kinds of materials, C18, polar enhanced polymer (PEP), N-propylethylenediamine (PSA), were selected from 20 kinds of materials as adsorbents for QuEChERS. A mass analysis was carried out using simultaneous scanning in both positive and negative ion mode and multiple reaction monitoring mode. All analytes showed good linearity, with correlation coefficients (R2) greater than 0.9923; their limits of quantification were 0.02-1.95 ng/mL. The average recoveries at low, medium, and high spiked levels were in the range of 70.1 %-117.3 %, with intra-day precision ranging from 3.4 % to 16.9 % and inter-day precision ranging from 4.0 % to 19.3 %. The established analytical method was used to analyze the pesticide residue in swine urine and bovine urine collected from farms in Yining, Xinjiang, China. A total of 8 pesticides were detected, and the residue ranged from less than the limit of quantitation to 22.4 ng/mL. The top three pesticides with the highest detection frequency were clothianidin, thiamethoxam, and dinotefuran. The exposure assessment based on the monitored pesticide residue concentration levels showed that the detected pesticides could pose little risk to cattle and pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youzhi Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, North 4th road NO.221, Shihezi 832003, China; Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 835000, China
| | - Jianjiang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Environmental Monitoring and Pollutant Control, Shihezi University, North 4th road NO.221, Shihezi 832003, China.
| | - Fang Li
- Yining Customs Technology Center, Yining 835000, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Chengdu Customs Technology Center, No. 28, South 4th Section, First Ring Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Alves Rocha B, Gallimberti M, Paulo Bianchi Ximenez J, Giovana Basso C, Joel Martino-Andrade A, Martin Koch H, Augusto Calixto L, Barbosa F. An eco-friendly sample preparation procedure based on air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction for the rapid determination of phthalate metabolites in urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 266:124974. [PMID: 37494769 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Urinary phthalate metabolite (mPAEs) analysis is a reliable tool for assessing human exposure to phthalates. With growing interest in urinary biomonitoring of these metabolites, there is a need for fast and sensitive analytical methods. Therefore, a simple, rapid procedure for simultaneous determination of fifteen phthalate metabolites in human urine samples by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The novelty of the present procedure is based on the use of diethyl carbonate as a green biobased extraction solvent and air-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction (AALLME) as a sample preparation step. A Plackett-Burman design was used for screening the factors that influence the AALLME extraction efficiency of mPAEs. The effective factors were then optimized by response surface methodology using a central composite rotatable design. Under the optimized conditions, good linearity can be achieved in a concentration range of 1.0-20.0 ng mL-1 with correlation coefficients higher than 0.99. The repeatability and reproducibility precision were in the range of 2-12% and 1-10% respectively. Recoveries ranging from 90% to 110%. This, and the low limits of detection, ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 ng mL-1, make the proposed procedure sensitive and suitable for human biomonitoring of phthalate exposures. For proof-of-principle, the new method was used to measure the urinary concentrations of mPAEs in 20 urine samples from Brazilian women. The high frequency of detections and in part high concentrations of mPAEs indicate to widespread exposure to several phthalates among Brazilian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Alves Rocha
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Gallimberti
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Bianchi Ximenez
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Carla Giovana Basso
- Department of Physiology, Animal Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Anderson Joel Martino-Andrade
- Department of Physiology, Animal Endocrine and Reproductive Physiology Laboratory, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
| | - Holger Martin Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance, Institute of the Ruhr University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, 44789, Bochum, Germany
| | - Leandro Augusto Calixto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Science, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 099972-270, Brazil
| | - Fernando Barbosa
- Analytical and System Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Avenida do Cafe s/nº, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, 14040-903, Brazil
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11
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Klimowska A, Wynendaele E, Wielgomas B. Quantification and stability assessment of urinary phenolic and acidic biomarkers of non-persistent chemicals using the SPE-GC/MS/MS method. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2227-2238. [PMID: 36933054 PMCID: PMC10115689 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, people are exposed to numerous man-made chemicals, many of which are ubiquitously present in our daily lives, and some of which can be hazardous to human health. Human biomonitoring plays an important role in exposure assessment, but complex exposure evaluation requires suitable tools. Therefore, routine analytical methods are needed to determine several biomarkers simultaneously. The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for quantification and stability testing of 26 phenolic and acidic biomarkers of selected environmental pollutants (e.g., bisphenols, parabens, pesticide metabolites) in human urine. For this purpose, a solid-phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/MS/MS) method was developed and validated. After enzymatic hydrolysis, urine samples were extracted using Bond Elut Plexa sorbent, and prior to GC, the analytes were derivatized with N-trimethylsilyl-N-methyl trifluoroacetamide (MSTFA). Matrix-matched calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.1-1000 ng mL-1 with R > 0.985. Satisfactory accuracy (78-118%), precision (< 17%), and limits of quantification (0.1-0.5 ng mL-1) were obtained for 22 biomarkers. The stability of the biomarkers in urine was assayed under different temperature and time conditions that included freezing and thawing cycles. All tested biomarkers were stable at room temperature for 24 h, at 4 °C for 7 days, and at -20 °C for 18 months. The total concentration of 1-naphthol decreased by 25% after the first freeze-thaw cycle. The method was successfully used for the quantification of target biomarkers in 38 urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Klimowska
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Hallera Street, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Evelien Wynendaele
- DruQuaR Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ottergemse Steenweg 460, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bartosz Wielgomas
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Hallera Street, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
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12
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Eccles KM, Karmaus AL, Kleinstreuer NC, Parham F, Rider CV, Wambaugh JF, Messier KP. A geospatial modeling approach to quantifying the risk of exposure to environmental chemical mixtures via a common molecular target. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 855:158905. [PMID: 36152849 PMCID: PMC9979101 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In the real world, individuals are exposed to chemicals from sources that vary over space and time. However, traditional risk assessments based on in vivo animal studies typically use a chemical-by-chemical approach and apical disease endpoints. New approach methodologies (NAMs) in toxicology, such as in vitro high-throughput (HTS) assays generated in Tox21 and ToxCast, can more readily provide mechanistic chemical hazard information for chemicals with no existing data than in vivo methods. In this paper, we establish a workflow to assess the joint action of 41 modeled ambient chemical exposures in the air from the USA-wide National Air Toxics Assessment by integrating human exposures with hazard data from curated HTS (cHTS) assays to identify counties where exposure to the local chemical mixture may perturb a common biological target. We exemplify this proof-of-concept using CYP1A1 mRNA up-regulation. We first estimate internal exposure and then convert the inhaled concentration to a steady state plasma concentration using physiologically based toxicokinetic modeling parameterized with county-specific information on ages and body weights. We then use the estimated blood plasma concentration and the concentration-response curve from the in vitro cHTS assay to determine the chemical-specific effects of the mixture components. Three mixture modeling methods were used to estimate the joint effect from exposure to the chemical mixture on the activity levels, which were geospatially mapped. Finally, a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis was performed to quantify the influence of each parameter on the combined effects. This workflow demonstrates how NAMs can be used to predict early-stage biological perturbations that can lead to adverse health outcomes that result from exposure to chemical mixtures. As a result, this work will advance mixture risk assessment and other early events in the effects of chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Eccles
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, Division of the Translational Toxicology, Durham, USA
| | - Agnes L Karmaus
- Integrated Laboratory Systems, an Inotiv Company, Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Nicole C Kleinstreuer
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, Division of the Translational Toxicology, Durham, USA
| | - Fred Parham
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, Division of the Translational Toxicology, Durham, USA
| | - Cynthia V Rider
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, Division of the Translational Toxicology, Durham, USA
| | - John F Wambaugh
- United States Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Durham, USA
| | - Kyle P Messier
- National Institute of Environmental Health Science, Division of the Translational Toxicology, Durham, USA.
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13
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Flasch M, Fitz V, Rampler E, Ezekiel CN, Koellensperger G, Warth B. Integrated Exposomics/Metabolomics for Rapid Exposure and Effect Analyses. JACS AU 2022; 2:2548-2560. [PMID: 36465551 PMCID: PMC9709941 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The totality of environmental exposures and lifestyle factors, commonly referred to as the exposome, is poorly understood. Measuring the myriad of chemicals that humans are exposed to is immensely challenging, and identifying disrupted metabolic pathways is even more complex. Here, we present a novel technological approach for the comprehensive, rapid, and integrated analysis of the endogenous human metabolome and the chemical exposome. By combining reverse-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and fast polarity-switching, molecules with highly diverse chemical structures can be analyzed in 15 min with a single analytical run as both column's effluents are combined before analysis. Standard reference materials and authentic standards were evaluated to critically benchmark performance. Highly sensitive median limits of detection (LODs) with 0.04 μM for >140 quantitatively assessed endogenous metabolites and 0.08 ng/mL for the >100 model xenobiotics and human estrogens in solvent were obtained. In matrix, the median LOD values were higher with 0.7 ng/mL (urine) and 0.5 ng/mL (plasma) for exogenous chemicals. To prove the dual-column approach's applicability, real-life urine samples from sub-Saharan Africa (high-exposure scenario) and Europe (low-exposure scenario) were assessed in a targeted and nontargeted manner. Our liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) approach demonstrates the feasibility of quantitatively and simultaneously assessing the endogenous metabolome and the chemical exposome for the high-throughput measurement of environmental drivers of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Flasch
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Doctoral School of Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Fitz
- Vienna
Doctoral School of Chemistry, University
of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Evelyn Rampler
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Chibundu N. Ezekiel
- Department
of Microbiology, Babcock University, 121103 Ilishan
Remo, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Exposome
Austria, Research Infrastructure and National EIRENE Hub, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Benedikt Warth
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 38-40, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Exposome
Austria, Research Infrastructure and National EIRENE Hub, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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14
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Li ZM, Kannan K. Determination of 19 Steroid Hormones in Human Serum and Urine Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. TOXICS 2022; 10:687. [PMID: 36422894 PMCID: PMC9699436 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a methodology for simultaneous determination of 19 steroid hormones, viz. estrone, estradiol, estriol, testosterone, 5α-dihydrotestosterone, androstenedione, androstenediol, dehydroepiandrosterone, progesterone, pregnenolone, 17α-OH-progesterone, 17α-OH-pregnenolone, cortisone, cortisol, 11-deoxycortisol, 11-deoxycorticosterone, 11-dehydrocorticosterone, aldosterone, and corticosterone, in 500-µL of urine or serum/plasma. The method was optimized using isotopically labeled internal standards and liquid-liquid extraction followed by detection using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Dansylation of estrogens significantly improved their sensitivities (~11- to 23-fold) and chromatographic separation. The respective limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of all analytes were 0.04−0.28 and 0.14−0.92 ng/mL in human urine, and 0.11−0.35 and 0.38−1.18 ng/mL in human serum/plasma. Recoveries of all analytes (except for progesterone) fortified at 10, 20, and 200 ng/mL in urine and serum were 80−120%, with standard deviations ranging from 0 to 17.3%. Repeated analysis of similarly fortified urine and serum samples yielded intra-day and inter-day variations of 0−21.7% and 0.16−11.5%, respectively. All analytes except cortisone exhibited weak matrix effects in urine and serum (−13.9−18.2%). The method was further validated through the analysis of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) plasma Standard Reference Material (SRM1950) with certified concentrations for cortisol, progesterone, and testosterone (coefficient of variation: 3−11%). The developed method was applied in the analysis of urine samples from 20 volunteers, which revealed the occurrence of 16 analytes with detection frequencies (DFs) > 80%. Furthermore, 15 analytes were found in plasma SRM1950, indicating the feasibility of our method in the analysis of steroid hormones in urine and serum/plasma. This method will facilitate analysis of steroid hormones in population-based biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Min Li
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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15
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Validated single urinary assay designed for exposomic multi-class biomarkers of common environmental exposures. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:5943-5966. [PMID: 35754089 PMCID: PMC9326253 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies often call for analytical methods that use a small biospecimen volume to quantify trace level exposures to environmental chemical mixtures. Currently, as many as 150 polar metabolites of environmental chemicals have been found in urine. Therefore, we developed a multi-class method for quantitation of biomarkers in urine. A single sample preparation followed by three LC injections was optimized in a proof-of-approach for a multi-class method. The assay was validated to quantify 50 biomarkers of exposure in urine, belonging to 7 chemical classes and 16 sub-classes. The classes represent metabolites of 12 personal care and consumer product chemicals (PCPs), 5 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 5 organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs), 18 pesticides, 5 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 4 tobacco alkaloids, and 1 drug of abuse. Human urine (0.2 mL) was spiked with isotope-labeled internal standards, enzymatically deconjugated, extracted by solid-phase extraction, and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The methanol eluate from the cleanup was split in half and the first half analyzed for PCPs, PAH, and OPFR on a Betasil C18 column; and pesticides and VOC on a Hypersil Gold AQ column. The second half was analyzed for tobacco smoke metabolites and a drug of abuse on a Synergi Polar RP column. Limits of detection ranged from 0.01 to 1.0 ng/mL of urine, with the majority ≤0.5 ng/mL (42/50). Analytical precision, estimated as relative standard deviation of intra- and inter-batch uncertainty, variabilities, was <20%. Extraction recoveries ranged from 83 to 109%. Results from the optimized multi-class method were qualified in formal international proficiency testing programs. Further method customization options were explored and method expansion was demonstrated by inclusion of up to 101 analytes of endo- and exogenous chemicals. This exposome-scale assay is being used for population studies with savings of assay costs and biospecimens, providing both quantitative results and the discovery of unexpected exposures.
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16
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Buckley J, Kuiper JR, Bennett DH, Barrett ES, Bastain T, Breton CV, Chinthakindi S, Dunlop AL, Farzan SF, Herbstman JB, Karagas MR, Marsit CJ, Meeker JD, Morello-Frosch R, O’Connor TG, Romano ME, Schantz S, Schmidt RJ, Watkins DJ, Zhu H, Pellizzari ED, Kannan K, Woodruff TJ. Exposure to Contemporary and Emerging Chemicals in Commerce among Pregnant Women in the United States: The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcome (ECHO) Program. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:6560-6573. [PMID: 35536918 PMCID: PMC9118548 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal chemical exposures can influence maternal and child health; however, few industrial chemicals are routinely biomonitored. We assessed an extensive panel of contemporary and emerging chemicals in 171 pregnant women across the United States (U.S.) and Puerto Rico in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. We simultaneously measured urinary concentrations of 89 analytes (103 total chemicals representing 73 parent compounds) in nine chemical groups: bactericides, benzophenones, bisphenols, fungicides and herbicides, insecticides, organophosphate esters (OPEs), parabens, phthalates/alternative plasticizers, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). We estimated associations of creatinine-adjusted concentrations with sociodemographic and specimen characteristics. Among our diverse prenatal population (60% non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic), we detected 73 of 89 analytes in ≥1 participant and 36 in >50% of participants. Five analytes not currently included in the U.S. biomonitoring were detected in ≥90% of samples: benzophenone-1, thiamethoxam, mono-2-(propyl-6-carboxy-hexyl) phthalate, monocarboxy isooctyl phthalate, and monohydroxy-iso-decyl phthalate. Many analyte concentrations were higher among women of Hispanic ethnicity compared to those of non-Hispanic White women. Concentrations of certain chemicals decreased with the calendar year, whereas concentrations of their replacements increased. Our largest study to date identified widespread exposures to prevalent and understudied chemicals in a diverse sample of pregnant women in the U.S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie
P. Buckley
- Department
of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Jordan R. Kuiper
- Department
of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Deborah H. Bennett
- Department
of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Emily S. Barrett
- Department
of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers
School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Tracy Bastain
- Department
of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department
of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States
| | - Sridhar Chinthakindi
- Department
of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department
of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University
School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Shohreh F. Farzan
- Department
of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90032, United States
| | - Julie B. Herbstman
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department
of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School
of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Department
of Environmental Health, Rollins School
of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, University
of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department
of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and School of Public
Health, University of California, Berkeley California 94720, United States
| | - Thomas G. O’Connor
- Department
of Psychiatry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Megan E. Romano
- Department
of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School
of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756, United States
| | - Susan Schantz
- Beckman
Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department
of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Deborah J. Watkins
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, University
of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Hongkai Zhu
- Department
of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Edo D. Pellizzari
- RTI International, Research Triangle
Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department
of Pediatrics and Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Department
of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences and the Philip
R. Lee Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
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17
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Yang L, Yu S, Qin X, Li Z. Analysis of inter-individual variability of antitussive effect of Farfarae Flos and its fecal metabolites based on gut microbiota. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 217:114836. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Nitrogen, oxygen-codoped hierarchically porous biochar for simultaneous enrichment and ultrasensitive determination of o-xylene and its hydroxyl metabolites in human urine by solid phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Chen HC, Chang JW, Sun YC, Chang WT, Huang PC. Determination of Parabens, Bisphenol A and Its Analogs, Triclosan, and Benzophenone-3 Levels in Human Urine by Isotope-Dilution-UPLC-MS/MS Method Followed by Supported Liquid Extraction. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10010021. [PMID: 35051063 PMCID: PMC8781104 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The development of a rapid analytical approach for determining levels of antibacterial agents, plasticizers, and ultraviolet filters in biosamples is crucial for individual exposure assessment. We developed an analytical method to determine the levels of four parabens—bisphenols A (BPA) and its analogs, triclosan (TCS), triclocarban, and benzophenone-3 (BP-3)—in human urine. We further measured the levels of these chemicals in children and adolescents. We used a supported liquid extraction (SLE) technique coupled with an isotope-dilution ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (ID-UPLC-MS/MS) method to assess the detection performance for these chemicals. Forty-one urine samples from 13 children and 28 adolescents were assessed to demonstrate the capability and feasibility of our method. An acceptable recovery (75.6–102.4%) and matrix effect (precision < 14.2%) in the three-level spiked artificial urine samples were achieved, and good performance of the validated ID-UPLC-MS/MS method regarding linearity, limits of detection, and quantitation was achieved. The within-run and between-run accuracy and precision also demonstrated the sensitivity and stability of this analytical method, applied after SLE. We concluded that the ID-UPLC-MS/MS method with SLE pretreatment is a valuable analytical method for the investigation of urinary antibacterial agents, plasticizers, and ultraviolet filters in humans, useful for human biomonitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Chang Chen
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan (R.O.C.); (H.-C.C.); (Y.-C.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Tunghai University, Taichung 407224, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Jung-Wei Chang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan (R.O.C.);
| | - Yi-Chen Sun
- Institute of Food Safety and Health, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan (R.O.C.); (H.-C.C.); (Y.-C.S.)
| | - Wan-Ting Chang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan (R.O.C.);
| | - Po-Chin Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan (R.O.C.);
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40678, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 360302, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Correspondence:
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20
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Wang J, Zhou Y, Zeng M, Zhao Y, Zuo X, Meng F, Lv F, Lu Y. Zr(IV)-based metal-organic framework nanocomposites with enhanced peroxidase-like activity as a colorimetric sensing platform for sensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide and phenol. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 203:111818. [PMID: 34363805 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have great potential as an emerging peroxide-mimicking enzyme, and the improvement of its enzyme-like activity is desired. There are few studies on improving the peroxidase-like activity of MOFs by using the strategy of size reduction. Moreover, it is challenging to enhance the activity of Zr-based MOFs with peroxidase-mimicking activity by size reduction strategy. In this work, the synthesis of Zr-based MOFs capped with polyvinylpyrrolidone (Zr-MOF-PVP) was firstly reported to reduce crystal size of peroxidase-mimicking enzyme for enhanced catalytic activity. Using the 3,3',5,5'-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as substrate, the synthesized Zr-MOF-PVP nanocomposites with nanosize (about 45 nm) possessed obviously enhanced peroxidase-like activity compared with the pristine Zr-MOF. Based on the above, the Zr-MOF-PVP was also successfully applied in constructing colorimetric detection. By using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and phenol as the model analytes, the satisfactory detection performance was obtained, indicating that the proposed method had an attractive application prospect in the field of peroxidase-related detection. Besides, this work also provided a new perspective for improving the catalytic activity of nanozymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junning Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Minqian Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanhong Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xiaoxin Zuo
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Fanrong Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fang Lv
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yu Lu
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, National Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Veterinary Biologicals, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, China; School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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