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Xu J, Li Y, Wang F, Yang H, Huang KJ, Cai R, Tan W. A Smartphone-Mediated "All-In-One" Biosensing Chip for Visual and Value-Assisted Detection. Anal Chem 2024; 96:15780-15788. [PMID: 39303167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
A smartphone-mediated self-powered biosensor is fabricated for miRNA-141 detection based on the CRISPR/Cas12a cross-cutting technique and a highly efficient nanozyme. As a novel nanozyme and a signal-amplified coreaction accelerator, the AuPtPd@GDY nanozyme exhibits an excellent ability to catalyze cascade color reactions and high conductivity to enhance the electrochemical signal for miRNA-141 assays. After CRISPR/Cas12a cross-cutting of S2-glucose oxidase (S2-GOD), the electrochemical signal is weakened, and miRNA-141 is detected by monitoring the decrease in the signal. On the other hand, a cascade reaction among glucose, H2O2, and TMB is catalyzed by GOD and AuPtPd@GDY, respectively, resulting in a color change of the solution, which senses miRNA-141. The self-powered biosensor enables value-assisted and visual detection of miRNA-141 with limits of detection of 3.1 and 15 aM, respectively. Based on the dual-modal self-powered sensing system, a smartphone-mediated "all-in-one" biosensing chip is designed to achieve the real-time and intelligent monitoring of miRNA-141. This work provides a new approach to design multifunctional biosensors to realize the visualization and portable detection of tumor biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yujin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Futing Wang
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Hongfen Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Ke-Jing Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Ren Cai
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, Hunan, China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Baghermanesh SS, Barati M, Hosseini A. The effect of ribociclib on the expression levels of miR-141 and CDK4/6-USP51 signaling pathway genes in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0309289. [PMID: 39196911 PMCID: PMC11355560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/30/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with breast cancer, especially triple-negative breast cancer, have a poor prognosis. There is still no effective treatment for this disease. Due to resistance to traditional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, there is a need to discover novel treatment strategies to treat this disease. Ribociclib is a selective CDK4/6 inhibitor. Approximately 20% of patients with HR+ breast cancer developed primary resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors, and more than 30% experienced secondary resistance. Since most patients experience resistance during CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment, managing this disease is becoming more challenging. Many malignant tumors abnormally express microRNA (miR)-141, which participates in several cellular processes, including drug resistance, proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, we cultured MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells in DMEM-F12 medium. By performing MTT assay we determined the cytotoxic effects of ribociclib on breast cancer cells, as well as determining the IC50 of it. Then, we treated the cells with ribociclib at two time points: 24 h and 72 h. After that, RNA was isolated and reverse transcribed to cDNA. Finally, we performed qRT‒PCR to evaluate how ribociclib affects the expression level of desired genes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We found that ribociclib can inhibit cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner. We examined the mRNA expression of 4 genes. After ribociclib treatment, the mRNA expression of CDK6 and MYH10 decreased (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). The mRNA expression of CDON increased (p<0.05), but no significant changes were observed in ZEB1 mRNA expression. Furthermore, the qRT‒PCR results for miR-141 showed that the expression of miR-141 increased (p<0.01) after 72 h of treatment with ribociclib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayeste Sadat Baghermanesh
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmood Barati
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arshad Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Aghajanloo B, Hadady H, Ejeian F, Inglis DW, Hughes MP, Tehrani AF, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Biomechanics of circulating cellular and subcellular bioparticles: beyond separation. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:331. [PMID: 38886776 PMCID: PMC11181607 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomechanical attributes have emerged as novel markers, providing a reliable means to characterize cellular and subcellular fractions. Numerous studies have identified correlations between these factors and patients' medical status. However, the absence of a thorough overview impedes their applicability in contemporary state-of-the-art therapeutic strategies. In this context, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the dimensions, configuration, rigidity, density, and electrical characteristics of normal and abnormal circulating cells. Subsequently, the discussion broadens to encompass subcellular bioparticles, such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) enriched either from blood cells or other tissues. Notably, cell sizes vary significantly, from 2 μm for platelets to 25 μm for circulating tumor cells (CTCs), enabling the development of size-based separation techniques, such as microfiltration, for specific diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Although cellular density is relatively constant among different circulating bioparticles, it allows for reliable density gradient centrifugation to isolate cells without altering their native state. Additionally, variations in EV surface charges (-6.3 to -45 mV) offer opportunities for electrophoretic and electrostatic separation methods. The distinctive mechanical properties of abnormal cells, compared to their normal counterparts, present an exceptional opportunity for diverse medical and biotechnological approaches. This review also aims to provide a holistic view of the current understanding of popular techniques in this domain that transcend conventional boundaries, focusing on early harvesting of malignant cells from body fluids, designing effective therapeutic options, cell targeting, and resonating with tissue and genetic engineering principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behrouz Aghajanloo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Science, Research and Technology (DISAT), Politecnico di Torino, Turin, Italy
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Hanieh Hadady
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Ejeian
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - David W Inglis
- School of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Michael Pycraft Hughes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
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Gironda DJ, Bergan RC, Alpaugh RK, Danila DC, Chuang TL, Hurtado BY, Ho T, Adams DL. Cancer Associated Macrophage-like Cells Are Prognostic for Highly Aggressive Prostate Cancer in Both the Non-Metastatic and Metastatic Settings. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3725. [PMID: 37509385 PMCID: PMC10378487 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite advancements in the early-stage detection and expansion of treatments for prostate cancer (PCa), patient mortality rates remain high in patients with aggressive disease and the overtreatment of indolent disease remains a major issue. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA), a standard PCa blood biomarker, is limited in its ability to differentiate disease subtypes resulting in the overtreatment of non-aggressive indolent disease. Here we assess engorged cancer-associated macrophage-like cells (CAMLs), a ≥50 µm, cancer-specific, polynucleated circulating cell type found in the blood of patients with PCa as a potential companion biomarker to PSA for patient risk stratification. We found that rising PSA is positively correlated with increasing CAML size (r = 0.307, p = 0.004) and number of CAMLs in circulation (r = 0.399, p < 0.001). Over a 2-year period, the presence of a single engorged CAML was associated with 20.9 times increased likelihood of progression (p = 0.016) in non-metastatic PCa, and 2.4 times likelihood of progression (p = 0.031) with 5.4 times likelihood of death (p < 0.001) in metastatic PCa. These preliminary data suggest that CAML cell monitoring, in combination with PSA, may aid in differentiating non-aggressive from aggressive PCas by adding biological information that complements traditional clinical biomarkers, thereby helping guide treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Gironda
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
- Division of Life Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Creatv MicroTech, Inc., Monmouth Junction, NJ 08852, USA
| | - Raymond C. Bergan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | | | - Daniel C. Danila
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Tuan L. Chuang
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Brenda Y. Hurtado
- Genitourinary Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Thai Ho
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
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Campos R, Shanmugam ST, Daems E, Ribeiro R, De Wael K. Development of an electrochemiluminescent oligonucleotide-based assay for the quantification of prostate cancer associated miR-141-3p in human serum. Bioelectrochemistry 2023; 153:108495. [PMID: 37399650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small oligonucleotides (18-25 bases), biologically relevant for epigenetic regulation of key processes, particularly in association with cancer. Research effort has therefore been directed towards the monitoring and detection of miRNAs to progress (early) cancer diagnoses. Traditional detection strategies for miRNAs are expensive, with a lengthy time-to-result. In this study we develop an oligonucleotide-based assay using electrochemistry for the specific, selective and sensitive detection of a circulating miRNA (miR-141) associated with prostate cancer. In the assay, the excitation and readout of the signal are independent: an electrochemical stimulation followed by an optical readout. A 'sandwich' approach is incorporated, consisting of a biotinylated capture probe immobilised on streptavidin-functionalised surfaces and a detection probe labelled with digoxigenin. We show that the assay allows the detection of miR-141 in human serum, even in the presence of other miRNAs, with a LOD of 0.25 pM. The developed electrochemiluminescent assay has, therefore, the potential for efficient universal oligonucleotide target detection via the redesign of capture and detection probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Campos
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Saranya Thiruvottriyur Shanmugam
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elise Daems
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ricardo Ribeiro
- i3S, Tumour & Microenvironment Interactions Group, Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal
| | - Karolien De Wael
- A-Sense Lab, Department of Bioscience Engineering, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; NANOlab Center of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
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Lin J, Zhuo Y, Zhang Y, Liu R, Zhong W. Molecular predictors of metastasis in patients with prostate cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:199-215. [PMID: 36860119 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2187289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prostate cancer is a serious threat to the health of older adults worldwide. The quality of life and survival time of patients sharply decline once metastasis occurs. Thus, early screening for prostate cancer is very advanced in developed countries. The detection methods used include Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) detection and digital rectal examination. However, the lack of universal access to early screening in some developing countries has resulted in an increased number of patients presenting with metastatic prostate cancer. In addition, the treatment methods for metastatic and localized prostate cancer are considerably different. In many patients, early-stage prostate cancer cells often metastasize due to delayed observation, negative PSA results, and delay in treatment time. Therefore, the identification of patients who are prone to metastasis is important for future clinical studies. AREAS COVERED this review introduced a large number of predictive molecules related to prostate cancer metastasis. These molecules involve the mutation and regulation of tumor cell genes, changes in the tumor microenvironment, and the liquid biopsy. EXPERT OPINION In next decade, PSMA PET/CT and liquid biopsy will be the excellent predicting tools, while 177 Lu- PSMA-RLT will be showed excellent anti-tumor efficacy in mPCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jundong Lin
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yangjia Zhuo
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yixun Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ren Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weide Zhong
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Yang X, Zhao J, Hou L, Sakharov IY, Tian J, Zhao S. A microchip electrophoresis-assisted triple-cycle cascade chemiluminescence signal amplification strategy for the ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-141 in cells. Talanta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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El-Daly SM, Gouhar SA, Abd Elmageed ZY. Circulating microRNAs as Reliable Tumor Biomarkers: Opportunities and Challenges Facing Clinical Application. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 384:35-51. [PMID: 35809898 PMCID: PMC9827506 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the development of human malignancies, and cells have the ability to secrete these molecules into extracellular compartments. Thus, cell-free miRNAs (circulating miRNAs) can potentially be used as biomarkers to evaluate pathophysiological changes. Although circulating miRNAs have been proposed as potential noninvasive tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy, their routine application in the clinic is far from being achieved. This review focuses on the recent progress regarding the value of circulating miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers, with specific consideration of their relevant clinical applications. In addition, we provide an in-depth analysis of the technical challenges that impact the assessment of circulating miRNAs. We also highlight the significance of integrating circulating miRNAs with the standard laboratory biomarkers to boost sensitivity and specificity. The current status of circulating miRNAs in clinical trials as tumor biomarkers is also covered. These insights and general guidelines will assist researchers in experimental practice to ensure quality standards and repeatability, thus improving future studies on circulating miRNAs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Our review will boost the knowledge behind the inconsistencies and contradictory results observed among studies investigating circulating miRNAs. It will also provide a solid platform for better-planned strategies and standardized techniques to optimize the assessment of circulating cell-free miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherien M El-Daly
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
| | - Shaimaa A Gouhar
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
| | - Zakaria Y Abd Elmageed
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D., S.A.G.); Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt (S.M.E-D.); and Department of Biomedical Sciences, Discipline of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, University of Louisiana-Monroe, Monroe, Louisiana (Z.Y.A.)
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Cavallari I, Ciccarese F, Sharova E, Urso L, Raimondi V, Silic-Benussi M, D’Agostino DM, Ciminale V. The miR-200 Family of microRNAs: Fine Tuners of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Circulating Cancer Biomarkers. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5874. [PMID: 34884985 PMCID: PMC8656820 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13235874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The miR-200 family of microRNAs (miRNAs) includes miR-200a, miR-200b, miR-200c, miR-141 and miR-429, five evolutionarily conserved miRNAs that are encoded in two clusters of hairpin precursors located on human chromosome 1 (miR-200b, miR-200a and miR-429) and chromosome 12 (miR-200c and miR-141). The mature -3p products of the precursors are abundantly expressed in epithelial cells, where they contribute to maintaining the epithelial phenotype by repressing expression of factors that favor the process of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a key hallmark of oncogenic transformation. Extensive studies of the expression and interactions of these miRNAs with cell signaling pathways indicate that they can exert both tumor suppressor- and pro-metastatic functions, and may serve as biomarkers of epithelial cancers. This review provides a summary of the role of miR-200 family members in EMT, factors that regulate their expression, and important targets for miR-200-mediated repression that are involved in EMT. The second part of the review discusses the potential utility of circulating miR-200 family members as diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, prostate and bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Cavallari
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Francesco Ciccarese
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Evgeniya Sharova
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Loredana Urso
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Vittoria Raimondi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Micol Silic-Benussi
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
| | - Donna M. D’Agostino
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Ciminale
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV–IRCCS, 35128 Padova, Italy; (I.C.); (F.C.); (E.S.); (L.U.); (V.R.); (M.S.-B.)
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padova, Italy
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Kachris S, Papadaki C, Rounis K, Tsitoura E, Kokkinaki C, Nikolaou C, Sourvinos G, Mavroudis D. Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:8257-8271. [PMID: 34754245 PMCID: PMC8572024 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s325246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Disease recurrence is a major concern in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) following treatment with radiotherapy (RT), and few studies have evaluated the clinical relevance of microRNAs (miRNAs) prior and post-RT. Purpose We aimed to investigate the significance of miRNAs in the outcomes of prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy and to identify the related pathways through bioinformatics analysis. Materials and Methods The expression levels of miR-21, miR-106b, miR-141 and miR-375 involved in the response to radiotherapy were assessed by RT-qPCR in the serum of PCa patients (n=56) prior- and post-RT. Results Low expression levels of miR-106b prior-RT were associated with extracapsular extension and seminal vesicles invasion by the tumor (p=0.031 and 0.044, respectively). In the high-risk subgroup (n=47), post-RT expression levels of miR-21 were higher in patients with biochemical relapse (BR) compared to non-relapse (p=0.043). Also, in the salvage treatment subgroup (post-operative BR; n=20), post-RT expression levels of miR-21 and miR-106b were higher in patients with BR compared to non-relapse (p=0.043 and p=0.032, respectively). In the whole group of patients, high expression levels of miR-21 prior-RT and of miR-106b post-RT were associated with significantly shorter overall survival (OS; p=0.049 and p=0.050, respectively). No associations were observed among miR-141 and miR-375 expression levels with clinicopathological features or treatment outcome. Bioinformatics analysis revealed significant enrichment in DNA damage response pathways. Conclusion Circulating miRNAs prior or post-RT may hold prognostic implications in patients with PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Kachris
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Chara Papadaki
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Rounis
- Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Eliza Tsitoura
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Chrysanthi Kokkinaki
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Christoforos Nikolaou
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), Foundation of Research and Technology (FORTH), Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Institute of Bioinnovation, Biomedical Science Research Center "Alexander Fleming", Athens, Greece
| | - George Sourvinos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Mavroudis
- Laboratory of Translational Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.,Department of Medical Oncology, University General Hospital, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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Application of Primary/Secondary Circulating Tumor Cells for the Prediction of Biochemical Recurrence in Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer Patients following Radical Prostatectomy or Radiotherapy: A Meta-Analysis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:4730970. [PMID: 34595236 PMCID: PMC8478542 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4730970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been regarded as an independent prognostic marker for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Its prognostic value, however, in nonmetastatic prostate cancer (NMPC) is still unclear. Purpose To elucidate whether CTCs can predict the biochemical recurrence (BCR) in NMPC patients following radical prostatectomy (RP) or radiotherapy (RT). Methods PubMed, Cochrane Database, and Embase and the references in relevant studies were systematically searched. Studies that investigated the correlation of CTCs and BCR in NMPC patients after RP or RT were identified and reviewed. Overall odds ratio (OR) of BCR in such patients with/without CTCs was pooled. We also calculated and pooled overall prevalence of BCR in such CTC-positive patients. Results In total, 12 studies comprising 1917 participants were eligible for the meta-analysis and showed that the presence of secondary circulating tumor cells (SCTCs) is associated with a higher BCR rate of 59% (95% CI: 22%-88%) in patients with NMPC after RP or RT (OR = 6.12; 95% CI: 2.22-16.85; P < 0.001). However, regardless of the presence of primary circulating tumor cells (PCTCs), it has not been shown to be associated with higher BCR. Conclusions Our research demonstrated that SCTC-positive patients are associated with higher BCR compared to SCTC-negative patients in NMPC. Therefore, it is recommended that NMPC patients undergo CTC surveillance intensively after RP or RT.
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12
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Zhou E, Li Y, Wu F, Guo M, Xu J, Wang S, Tan Q, Ma P, Song S, Jin Y. Circulating extracellular vesicles are effective biomarkers for predicting response to cancer therapy. EBioMedicine 2021; 67:103365. [PMID: 33971402 PMCID: PMC8121992 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases, as many patients show limited therapeutic response to treatment. Liquid biopsy is a minimally invasive method that has the advantage of providing real-time disease information with the least damage to cancer patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by the parental cells and protected by lipid bilayer membrane structure represent an emerging liquid biopsy modality. Apart from promoting cell growth, proliferation, and migration, EVs and their cargos (mainly miRNAs and proteins) are also biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Furthermore, their alterations pre- and post-therapy can guide therapeutic strategy determinations for better-stratified therapy. In this review, we summarize the potential clinical significance of EVs and their cargos in therapeutic response monitoring and prediction in several cancers (mainly lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, melanoma, lymphoma, glioblastoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma) and discuss the questions that require future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yumei Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Mengfei Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Sufei Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qi Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Pei Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Siwei Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Yang Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China.
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13
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Parol M, Gzil A, Bodnar M, Grzanka D. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the prognostic significance of microRNAs related to metastatic and EMT process among prostate cancer patients. J Transl Med 2021; 19:28. [PMID: 33413466 PMCID: PMC7788830 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-020-02644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ability of tumor cells to spread from their origin place and form secondary tumor foci is determined by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. In epithelial tumors such as prostate cancer (PCa), the loss of intercellular interactions can be observed as a change in expression of polarity proteins. Epithelial cells acquire ability to migrate, what leads to the formation of distal metastases. In recent years, the interest in miRNA molecules as potential future treatment options has increased. In tumor microenvironment, miRNAs have the ability to regulate signal transduction pathways, where they can act as suppressors or oncogenes. MiRNAs are secreted by cancer cells, and the changes in their expression levels are closely related to a cancer progression, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These molecules offer new diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. Therapeutics which make use of synthesized RNA fragments and mimic or block miRNAs affected in PCa, may lead to inhibition of tumor progression and even disease re-emission. Based on appropriate qualification criteria, we conducted a selection process to identify scientific articles describing miRNAs and their relation to epithelial-mesenchymal transition in PCa patients. The studies were published in English on Pubmed, Scopus and the Web of Science before August 08, 2019. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) as well as total Gleason score were used to assess the concordance between miRNAs and presence of metastases. A total of 13 studies were included in our meta-analysis, representing 1608 PCa patients and 15 miRNA molecules. Our study clarifies a relationship between the clinicopathological features of PCa and the aberrant expression of several miRNA as well as the complex mechanism of miRNA molecules involvement in the induction and promotion of the metastatic mechanism in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Parol
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 9 Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Gzil
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 9 Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Bodnar
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 9 Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Dariusz Grzanka
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 9 Curie-Sklodowskiej Street, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
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14
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Ciszkowicz E, Porzycki P, Semik M, Kaznowska E, Tyrka M. MiR-93/miR-375: Diagnostic Potential, Aggressiveness Correlation and Common Target Genes in Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5667. [PMID: 32784653 PMCID: PMC7460886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of miRNAs has a fundamental role in the initiation, development and progression of prostate cancer (PCa). The potential of miRNA in gene therapy and diagnostic applications is well documented. To further improve miRNAs' ability to distinguish between PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients, nine miRNA (-21, -27b, -93, -141, -205, -221, -182, -375 and let-7a) with the highest reported differentiation power were chosen and for the first time used in comparative studies of serum and prostate tissue samples. Spearman correlations and response operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were applied to assess the capability of the miRNAs present in serum to discriminate between PCa and BPH patients. The present study clearly demonstrates that miR-93 and miR-375 could be taken into consideration as single blood-based non-invasive molecules to distinguish PCa from BPH patients. We indicate that these two miRNAs have six common, PCa-related, target genes (CCND2, MAP3K2, MXI1, PAFAH1B1, YOD1, ZFYVE26) that share the molecular function of protein binding (GO:0005515 term). A high diagnostic value of the new serum derived miR-182 (AUC = 0.881, 95% confidence interval, CI = 0.816-0.946, p < 0.0001, sensitivity and specificity were 85% and 79%, respectively) is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Ciszkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Paweł Porzycki
- Department of Urology, Municipal Hospital in Rzeszów, 35-241 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Semik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.S.); (M.T.)
| | - Ewa Kaznowska
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszów, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Mirosław Tyrka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland; (M.S.); (M.T.)
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15
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Provenzano M, Allayeh AK. Liquid Biopsy to Detect DNA/RNA Based Markers of Small DNA Oncogenic Viruses for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Prediction. Front Oncol 2020; 10:778. [PMID: 32733786 PMCID: PMC7362723 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Provenzano
- Oncology Research Unit, Department of Urology and Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Department of Immunology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Abdou Kamal Allayeh
- Oncology Research Unit, Department of Urology and Division of Surgical Research, University Hospital of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland.,Virology Lab 176, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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16
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Coordinated AR and microRNA regulation in prostate cancer. Asian J Urol 2020; 7:233-250. [PMID: 32742925 PMCID: PMC7385519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajur.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) remains a key driver of prostate cancer (PCa) progression, even in the advanced castrate-resistant stage, where testicular androgens are absent. It is therefore of critical importance to understand the molecular mechanisms governing its activity and regulation during prostate tumourigenesis. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small ∼22 nt non-coding RNAs that regulate target gene, often through association with 3′ untranslated regions (3′UTRs) of transcripts. They display dysregulation during cancer progression, can function as oncogenes or tumour suppressors, and are increasingly recognised as targets or regulators of hormonal action. Thus, understanding factors which modulate miRs synthesis is essential. There is increasing evidence for complex and dynamic bi-directional cross-talk between the multi-step miR biogenesis cascade and the AR signalling axis in PCa. This review summarises the wealth of mechanisms by which miRs are regulated by AR, and conversely, how miRs impact AR's transcriptional activity, including that of AR splice variants. In addition, we assess the implications of the convergence of these pathways on the clinical employment of miRs as PCa biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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17
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Circulating miRNAs as Biomarkers for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis in Subjects with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J Immunol Res 2020; 2020:5873056. [PMID: 32455140 PMCID: PMC7230987 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5873056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Body fluids often contain freely circulating nucleic acids, many of which can be exploited as noninvasive tools for the diagnosis of cancer as well as for clinical prognostication. Identifying microRNAs (miRNAs) in subjects' blood with various malignancies means that they can serve as novel biomarkers for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. This study analyzed serum-circulating miRNAs as a noninvasive biomarker in subjects with PCa and subjects with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). In total, 31 PCa subjects and 31 BPH subjects were included, with the BPH group serving as the control group. RT-qPCR was used to quantify the levels of 10 miRNAs, which included miR-18a, miR-34a, miR-106b, miR-183, miR-200a, miR-301a, miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, and miR-375 in serum. Statistical tests were used to assess the relationship between the levels of miRNAs and the clinicopathological data. A significant increase was observed in the relative expression ratios of miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, and miR-375 (1.89-, 2.09-, 2.41-, and 2.27-folds, respectively) in the PCa group when compared to the BPH group. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the largest area under the curve (AUC), 0.923, was associated with the miR-200b group, indicating effective diagnostic properties for this biomarker. A correlation was observed between total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) and the relative levels of miR-141, miR-182, miR-200b, and miR-375. The Gleason score and the miR-200b expression level were also correlated. These results are consistent with previous studies regarding the possibility of differentiating between PCa subjects and healthy controls based on the detection of miRNA. The findings attest to a distinctive expression profile of miRNA that is detectable in the blood of PCa subjects, thereby confirming the role of miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for PCa.
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18
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MiRNA-Based Inspired Approach in Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56020094. [PMID: 32102477 PMCID: PMC7074198 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most encountered cancer diseases in men worldwide and in consequence it requires the improvement of therapeutic strategies. For the clinical diagnosis, the standard approach is represented by solid biopsy. From a surgical point of view, this technique represents an invasive procedure that may imply several postoperative complications. To overcome these impediments, many trends are focusing on developing liquid biopsy assays and on implementing them in clinical practice. Liquid samples (blood, urine) are rich in analytes, especially in transcriptomic information provided by genetic markers. Additionally, molecular characterization regarding microRNAs content reveals outstanding prospects in understanding cancer progression mechanisms. Moreover, these analytes have great potential for prostate cancer early detection, more accurate prostate cancer staging and also for decision making respecting therapy schemes. However, there are still questionable topics and more research is needed to standardize liquid biopsy-based techniques.
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19
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Zhou L, Wang T, Bai Y, Li Y, Qiu J, Yu W, Zhang S. Dual-amplified strategy for ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor based on click chemistry-mediated enzyme-assisted target recycling and functionalized fullerene nanoparticles in the detection of microRNA-141. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 150:111964. [PMID: 31929092 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and efficient detection of tumor marker at the early stages is one of the crucial challenges in cancer diagnostics and therapy. In this study, an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor was fabricated by dual-amplified strategy for the detection of ultra-trace microRNA-141 (miRNA-141). Firstly, two split sequences contained G-quadruplex were connected by click chemistry-mediated nucleic acid strands self-assembly and the obtained complete G-quadruplex was complementary with miRNA-141 to formed DNA-RNA hybrid duplexes. Subsequently, the formed DNA-RNA hybrid duplexes were specifically recognized by duplex-specific nuclease (DSN), and the DNA part of the duplexes were cleaved and the miRNA-141 were released to trigger next cycle, which acquired a primal signal amplification by enzyme-assisted target recycling (EATR). Moreover, amino and thiol group multi-labeled functionalized fullerene nanoparticles (FC60) with a larger surface active sites and better biocompatibility, were designed rationally to modify the Au electrodes, which produced multiply-enhanced amplified signal. This dual-amplified sensing system exhibited a remarkable analytical performance for the detection of miRNA-141 in concentrations ranging from 0.1 pM to 100 nM and the detection limit of 7.78 fM was obtained. Compared with the biosensor with single amplification strategy such as EATR, this electrochemical biosensor based on dual-amplified strategy exhibited an excellent discrimination capability and higher analytical performance. Therefore, this electrochemical biosensor might hold a great potential for further applications in biomedical research and early clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Changshou Chongqing, Chongqing, 401220, PR China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Central Hospital of Fuling Chongqing, Chongqing, 408099, PR China
| | - Yan Bai
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, People's Hospital of Changshou Chongqing, Chongqing, 401220, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Juhui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics of Education, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, PR China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, PR China
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20
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Razdan A, de Souza P, Roberts TL. Role of MicroRNAs in Treatment Response in Prostate Cancer. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2019; 18:929-944. [PMID: 29644941 PMCID: PMC6463399 DOI: 10.2174/1568009618666180315160125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-skin cancer in men worldwide, resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Depending on the grade and stage of the cancer, patients may be given radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, or chemotherapy. However, more than half of these patients develop resistance to treatment, leading to disease progression and metastases, often with lethal consequences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs, which regulate numerous physiological as well as pathological processes, including cancer. miRNAs mediate their regulatory effect predominately by binding to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of their target mRNAs. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms by which miRNAs mediate resistance to radiation and drug therapy (i.e. hormone therapy and chemotherapy) in PCa, including control of apoptosis, cell growth and proliferation, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Furthermore, we will discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs isolated from different body fluids of prostate cancer patients as non-invasive biomarkers of cancer detection, disease progression, and therapy response. Finally, we will shortlist the candidate miRNAs, which may have a role in drug and radioresistance, that could potentially be used as predictive biomarkers of treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshuli Razdan
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Paul de Souza
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tara Laurine Roberts
- Medical Oncology Group, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Centre for Oncology Education and Research Translation (CONCERT), Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia.,School of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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21
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Xiao M, Lai W, Man T, Chang B, Li L, Chandrasekaran AR, Pei H. Rationally Engineered Nucleic Acid Architectures for Biosensing Applications. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11631-11717. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingshu Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Man
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Binbin Chang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Arun Richard Chandrasekaran
- The RNA Institute, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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22
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Cui M, Wang H, Yao X, Zhang D, Xie Y, Cui R, Zhang X. Circulating MicroRNAs in Cancer: Potential and Challenge. Front Genet 2019; 10:626. [PMID: 31379918 PMCID: PMC6656856 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous non-coding small RNA molecules that can be secreted into the circulation and exist in remarkably stable forms. Like intercellular miRNAs, circulating miRNAs participate in numerous regulations of biological process and expressed aberrantly under abnormal or pathological status. The quality and quantity changes of circulating miRNAs are associated with the initiation and progression of cancer and can be easily detected by basic molecular biology techniques. Consequently, considerable effort has been devoted to identify suitable extracellular miRNAs for noninvasive biomarkers in cancer. However, several challenges need to be overcome before the practical application. In this review, we discuss several issues of circulating miRNAs: biological function and basic transport carriers; extracellular cell communication process; roles as reliable cancer biomarkers and usage in targeted cancer therapy; and challenges for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Cui
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongdan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingjun Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ranji Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory on Molecular and Chemical Genetic, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuewen Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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23
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Circulating microRNAs as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in prostate cancer: Current status and future perspectives. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:16316-16329. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Anceschi U, Tuderti G, Lugnani F, Biava PM, Malossini G, Luciani L, Cai T, Marsiliani D, Filianoti A, Mattevi D, Costantini M, Misuraca L, Simone G. Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers of Prostate Cancer: An Update. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:1045-1058. [PMID: 30215331 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180914115416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, several biomarkers alternative to standard prostate specific antigen (PSA) for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis have become available. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the current knowledge about alternative serum and urinary biomarkers for the diagnosis of PCa. MATERIAL AND METHODS A research was conducted in Medline, restricted to English language articles published between December 2014 and June 2018 with the aim to update previously published series on PCa biomarkers. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) criteria were used for selecting studies with the lowest risk of bias. RESULTS Emerging role and actual controversies on serum and urine alternative biomarkers to standard PSA for PCa diagnosis, staging and prognosis assessment, such as prostate health index (PHI), PCA3, ConfirmMDx, Aberrant PSA glycosylation, MiPS, miRNAs are critically presented in the current review. CONCLUSION Although the use of several biomarkers has been recommended or questioned by different international guidelines, larger prospective randomized studies are still necessary to validate their efficacy in PCa detection, discrimination, prognosis and treatment effectiveness. To date, only PHI and 4Kscore have shown clinical relevance for discriminating more aggressive PCa. Furthermore, a new grading classification based on molecular features relevant for PCa risk-stratification and tailoring treatment is still needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Anceschi
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Tuderti
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Pier Mario Biava
- Scientific Institute of Research and Care Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianni Malossini
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Luciani
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Davide Marsiliani
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Mattevi
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Manuela Costantini
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Leonardo Misuraca
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Simone
- Department of Urology, "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
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25
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Fernandes RC, Hickey TE, Tilley WD, Selth LA. Interplay between the androgen receptor signaling axis and microRNAs in prostate cancer. Endocr Relat Cancer 2019; 26:R237-R257. [PMID: 30817318 DOI: 10.1530/erc-18-0571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that drives prostate cancer. Since therapies that target the AR are the mainstay treatment for men with metastatic disease, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying oncogenic AR signaling in the prostate. miRNAs are small, non-coding regulators of gene expression that play a key role in prostate cancer and are increasingly recognized as targets or modulators of the AR signaling axis. In this review, we examine the regulation of AR signaling by miRNAs and vice versa and discuss how this interplay influences prostate cancer growth, metastasis and resistance to therapy. Finally, we explore the potential clinical applications of miRNAs implicated in the regulation of AR signaling in this prevalent hormone-driven disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayzel C Fernandes
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Theresa E Hickey
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Wayne D Tilley
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Luke A Selth
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men's Health, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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26
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Aghdam SG, Ebrazeh M, Hemmatzadeh M, Seyfizadeh N, Shabgah AG, Azizi G, Ebrahimi N, Babaie F, Mohammadi H. The role of microRNAs in prostate cancer migration, invasion, and metastasis. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:9927-9942. [PMID: 30536403 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is considered the most prevalent malignancy and the second major cause of cancer-related death in males from Western countries. PCa exhibits variable clinical pictures, ranging from dormant to highly metastatic cancer. PCa suffers from poor prognosis and diagnosis markers, and novel biomarkers are required to define disease stages and to design appropriate therapeutic approach by considering the possible genomic and epigenomic differences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise a class of small noncoding RNAs, which have remarkable functions in cell formation, differentiation, and cancer development and contribute in these processes through controlling the expressions of protein-coding genes by repressing translation or breaking down the messenger RNA in a sequence-specific method. miRNAs in cancer are able to reflect informative data about the current status of disease and this might benefit PCa prognosis and diagnosis since that is concerned to PCa patients and we intend to highlight it in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Golabi Aghdam
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Ebrazeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shahid Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narges Seyfizadeh
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Gholamreza Azizi
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Negin Ebrahimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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27
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microRNA-141 as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for prostate cancer in Egyptian population: Pilot study. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF UROLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.afju.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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28
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Kolluru V, Chandrasekaran B, Tyagi A, Dervishi A, Ankem M, Yan X, Maiying K, Alatassi H, Shaheen SP, C Messer J, Edwards A, Haddad A, Damodaran C. miR-301a expression: Diagnostic and prognostic marker for prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2018; 36:503.e9-503.e15. [PMID: 30195463 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate-specific antigen screening for prostate cancer (CaP) remains controversial. This study establishes the role of microRNA 301a (miR-301a) as a supplemental biomarker that can distinguish between patients with benign prostate hyperplasia and clinically significant CaP. We evaluate the ability of miR-301a to predict the adverse pathology of CaP. METHODS In the first cohort, serum and prostate tumor samples were obtained from thirteen patients with Benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), twelve patients with Gleason 6, and sixteen patients with Gleason 7 prostate adenocarcinoma. In the second cohort, 40 prostatectomy cases were selected (BPH:12, Gleason 6:12 and Gleason 7:16). MiRNA was extracted from serum and tumor samples. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was performed for detection of miR-301a. To understand the molecular role of miR-301a, we performed cell viability, Western blots, promoter analysis, overexpression, and silencing studies in BPH and DU-145 cell lines. RESULTS MiR-301a demonstrated a significantly higher expression in both serum and tumor tissue in patients with CaP when compared to patients with BPH (P = 0.011 and 0.013 for serum and tissue expression, respectively). Expression of miR-301a in prostatectomy specimens correlated with increased Gleason score. We demonstrated that miR-301a inhibited the pro-apoptotic function of RUNX3, and activated ROCK1-mediated pro-survival signal in CaP. Silencing miR-301a initiated the pro-apoptotic function of RUNX3 by inhibiting ROCK1 expression in CaP cells. CONCLUSIONS Expression of miR-301a could be a valuable adjunct tool for stratifying patients with elevated prostate-specific antigen, as well as those diagnosed with CaP. Including the miR-301a as an additional variable in MSKCC post-prostatectomy nomogram improved its ability in facilitating clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ashish Tyagi
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Adnan Dervishi
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Murali Ankem
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Xiaofang Yan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Kong Maiying
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | - Houda Alatassi
- Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Jamie C Messer
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
| | | | - Ahmed Haddad
- Department of Urology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
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29
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Porzycki P, Ciszkowicz E, Semik M, Tyrka M. Combination of three miRNA (miR-141, miR-21, and miR-375) as potential diagnostic tool for prostate cancer recognition. Int Urol Nephrol 2018; 50:1619-1626. [PMID: 30014459 PMCID: PMC6133127 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-018-1938-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common tumor disease in western countries and a leading cause of cancer-driven mortality in men. Current methods for prostate cancer detection, like prostate-specific antigen screening, lead to significant overtreatment. The purpose of the study was to analyze circulating microRNAs in serum as non-invasive biomarkers in patients with diagnosis of prostate cancer and healthy individuals. METHODS This preliminary study included a population of 20 patients with mean age of 68.6 years and mean PSA of 21.3 ng/ml. Eight healthy patients were used as control. MiRNAs were quantified in the total RNA fraction extracted from serum and levels of five microRNAs (miR-106b, miR-141, miR-21, mir-34a, and miR-375) were quantified by RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses evaluated correlation between clinicopathological data and miRNAs expression levels. RESULTS Relative expression ratios of miR-106b, miR-141-3p, miR-21, and miR-375 were significantly increased (1.8-, 1.9-, 2.4-, and 2.6-fold, respectively) in the PCa group compared to healthy control. Using receiver operating characteristics, the highest area under the curve equal to 0.906 was obtained for miR-357 and indicates a very good diagnostic properties of this biomarker. We found expression level of mir-34a not related with PCa. CONCLUSIONS Our results support previous findings on the possibility of discriminating prostate cancer patients from healthy controls by detecting miRNA (miR-141-3p, miR-21, and miR-375). Further insights into miRNA abundance and characteristics are necessary to validate the panel of miRNA as surrogate markers in diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Porzycki
- Department of Urology, Municipal Hospital Rzeszow, 4 Rycerska Street, 35-241, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Ewa Ciszkowicz
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Street, 35-503, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Semik
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Street, 35-503, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Mirosław Tyrka
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Faculty of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 6 Powstańców Warszawy Street, 35-503, Rzeszow, Poland
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30
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Thuan Duc L, Phuong Kim T, Thuy Ai HL. miRNA-141 as the Biomarker for Human Cancers. ASIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND HEALTH CARE 2018. [DOI: 10.18311/ajprhc/2018/21486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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31
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Zedan AH, Hansen TF, Assenholt J, Pleckaitis M, Madsen JS, Osther PJS. microRNA expression in tumour tissue and plasma in patients with newly diagnosed metastatic prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2018; 40:1010428318775864. [PMID: 29775158 DOI: 10.1177/1010428318775864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men in the western world. Clinical practice is continuously challenged by the pitfalls of the available diagnostic tools. microRNAs may represent promising biomarkers in many types of human cancers, including prostate cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate microRNA expression in tumour tissue and matched plasma in a cohort of patients with primary metastatic prostate cancer. The relative expression of 12 microRNAs was assessed in diagnostic needle biopsies from the prostate and matched plasma samples in two prospective cohorts (screening cohorts) comprising 21 patients with metastatic prostate cancer and 25 control patients. An independent validation cohort of plasma samples was collected prospectively from 149 newly diagnosed patients with local/locally advanced prostate cancer. Analyses were performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. miRNA-93 showed a significant negative correlation between expression in tumour tissue and plasma in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Furthermore, the plasma level of miRNA-93 significantly decreased after treatment in patients with local/locally advanced prostate cancer compared to baseline plasma level. The expression of six microRNAs (let-7b, miRNA-34a, -125b, -143, -145 and -221) was downregulated, and three microRNAs (miRNA-21, -25 and miRNA-93) were upregulated in tumour tissue compared to benign prostate tissue. In plasma, six microRNAs were upregulated (miRNA-21, -125b, -126, -141, -143 and -375), while let-7b was downregulated in patients with metastatic prostate cancer compared to the control cohort. In the metastatic prostate cancer cohort, the expression of four microRNAs (miRNA-125b, -126, -143 and -221), and miRNA-141 in tissue was associated with Gleason score and prostate-specific antigen, respectively. The expression of miRNA-93 in tumour tissue was correlated with matched plasma levels and showed a significant decrease in plasma level after intervention in local prostate cancer. Differential expression between tumour and benign prostate was detected for several microRNAs in both tissue and plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Hussein Zedan
- 1 Urological Research Center, Department of Urology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.,2 Oncological Department, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.,3 Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Torben Frøstrup Hansen
- 2 Oncological Department, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.,3 Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jannie Assenholt
- 4 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | | | - Jonna Skov Madsen
- 3 Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,4 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Palle Jörn Sloth Osther
- 1 Urological Research Center, Department of Urology, Vejle Hospital, Vejle, Denmark.,3 Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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32
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Khorasani M, Teimoori-Toolabi L, Farivar TN, Asgari M, Abolhasani M, Shahrokh H, Afgar A, Kalantari E, Peymani A, Mahdian R. Aberrant expression of miR-141 and nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner in clinical samples of prostate cancer. Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:19-28. [DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Khorasani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | | | | | - Mojgan Asgari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Abolhasani
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pathology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shahrokh
- Department of Uro-oncology, Hasheminejad Kidney Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Afgar
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Kalantari
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Peymani
- Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Reza Mahdian
- Molecular Medicine Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Song CJ, Chen H, Chen LZ, Ru GM, Guo JJ, Ding QN. The potential of microRNAs as human prostate cancer biomarkers: A meta-analysis of related studies. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2763-2786. [PMID: 29095529 PMCID: PMC5814937 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is a very important kind of male malignancies. When PC evolves into a stage of hormone resistance or metastasis, the fatality rate is very high. Currently, discoveries and advances in miRNAs as biomarkers have opened the potential for the diagnosis of PC, especially early diagnosis. miRNAs not only can noninvasively or minimally invasively identify PC, but also can provide the data for optimization and personalization of therapy. Moreover, miRNAs have been shown to play an important role to predict prognosis of PC. The purpose of this meta‐analysis is to integrate the currently published expression profile data of miRNAs in PC, and evaluate the value of miRNAs as biomarkers for PC. All of relevant records were selected via electronic databases: Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and CNKI based on the assessment of title, abstract, and full text. we extracted mean ± SD or fold change of miRNAs expression levels in PC versus BPH or normal controls. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS) and recurrence‐free survival (RFS), were also calculated to detect the relationship between high miRNAs expression and PC prognosis. Selected 104 articles were published in 2007‐2017. According to the inclusion criteria, 104 records were included for this meta‐analysis. The pooled or stratified analyze showed 10 up‐regulated miRNAs (miR‐18a, miR‐34a, miR‐106b, miR‐141, miR‐182, miR‐183, miR‐200a/b, miR‐301a, and miR‐375) and 14 down‐regulated miRNAs (miR‐1, miR‐23b/27b, miR‐30c, miR‐99b, miR‐139‐5p, miR‐152, miR‐187, miR‐204, miR‐205, miR‐224, miR‐452, miR‐505, and let‐7c) had relatively good diagnostic and predictive potential to discriminate PC from BPH/normal controls. Furthermore, high expression of miR‐32 and low expression of let‐7c could be used to differentiate metastatic PC from local/primary PC. Additional interesting findings were that the expression profiles of five miRNAs (miR‐21, miR‐30c, miR‐129, miR‐145, and let‐7c) could predict poor RFS of PC, while the evaluation of miR‐375 was associated with worse OS. miRNAs are important regulators in PC progression. Our results indicate that miRNAs are suitable for predicting the different stages of PC. The detection of miRNAs is an effective way to control patient's prognosis and evaluate therapeutic efficacy. However, large‐scale detections based on common clinical guidelines are still necessary to further validate our conclusions, due to the bias induced by molecular heterogeneity and differences in study design and detection methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Jiao Song
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing people's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Zhejiang Institute of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Microorganism Technology and Bioinformatics Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhong Chen
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing people's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Guo-Mei Ru
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing people's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Jian-Jun Guo
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing people's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
| | - Qian-Nan Ding
- Medical Research Center, Shaoxing people's Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, China
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Angulo JC, López JI, Ropero S. DNA Methylation and Urological Cancer, a Step Towards Personalized Medicine: Current and Future Prospects. Mol Diagn Ther 2017; 20:531-549. [PMID: 27501813 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-016-0231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Urologic malignancies are some of the commonest tumors often curable when diagnosed at early stage. However, accurate diagnostic markers and faithful predictors of prognosis are needed to avoid over-diagnosis leading to overtreatment. Many promising exploratory studies have identified epigenetic markers in urinary malignancies based on DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding ribonucleic acid (ncRNA) expression that epigenetically regulate gene expression. We review and discuss the current state of development and the future potential of epigenetic biomarkers for more accurate and less invasive detection of urological cancer, tumor recurrence and progression of disease serving to establish diagnosis and monitor treatment efficacies. The specific clinical implications of such methylation tests on therapeutic decisions and patient outcome and current limitations are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier C Angulo
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Departamento Clínico, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Laureate Universities, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Carretera de Toledo Km 12.5, Getafe, 28905, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jose I López
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario de Cruces, Instituto BioCruces,Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Santiago Ropero
- Departamento de Biología de Sistemas, Unidad Docente de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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35
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Significance of microRNAs in Androgen Signaling and Prostate Cancer Progression. Cancers (Basel) 2017; 9:cancers9080102. [PMID: 28783103 PMCID: PMC5575605 DOI: 10.3390/cancers9080102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR) plays important roles in prostate cancer development and prostate tumor growth. After binding to androgens, AR functions as a nuclear receptor and translocates to the nucleus to bind to specific AR-binding sites (ARBSs). AR regulates epigenetic factor recruitments to activate its downstream signaling. Although androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is initially useful for prostate cancer patients, most patients eventually show resistance with hormone-refractory prostate cancers (HRPCs) or castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPCs). Thus, new therapeutic strategies targeting HRPCs/CRPCs should be very important for clinical medicine as well as prostate cancer biology. Past studies have shown that mechanisms such as AR overexpression, hypersensitivity, variants and reprograming are responsible for developing HRPCs/CRPCs. These findings suggest that AR target genes will be major key factors. In this review article, we focus mainly on the androgen-regulated microRNAs (miRNAs) to summarize the contribution of miRNA-mediated pathways for prostate cancer progression.
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36
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Ni J, Bucci J, Chang L, Malouf D, Graham P, Li Y. Targeting MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer Radiotherapy. Theranostics 2017; 7:3243-3259. [PMID: 28900507 PMCID: PMC5595129 DOI: 10.7150/thno.19934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is one of the most important treatment options for localized early-stage or advanced-stage prostate cancer (CaP). Radioresistance (relapse after radiotherapy) is a major challenge for the current radiotherapy. There is great interest in investigating mechanisms of radioresistance and developing novel treatment strategies to overcome radioresistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level, participating in numerous physiological and pathological processes including cancer invasion, progression, metastasis and therapeutic resistance. Emerging evidence indicates that miRNAs play a critical role in the modulation of key cellular pathways that mediate response to radiation, influencing the radiosensitivity of the cancer cells through interplaying with other biological processes such as cell cycle checkpoints, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells. Here, we summarize several important miRNAs in CaP radiation response and then discuss the regulation of the major signalling pathways and biological processes by miRNAs in CaP radiotherapy. Finally, we emphasize on microRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to improve CaP radiosensitivity.
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37
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Bascetta L, Oliviero A, D'Aurizio R, Evangelista M, Mercatanti A, Pellegrini M, Marrocolo F, Bracarda S, Rizzo M. The Prostate Cancer Cells Resistant to Docetaxel as in vitro Model for Discovering MicroRNAs Predictive of the Onset of Docetaxel Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071512. [PMID: 28703747 PMCID: PMC5536002 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
On the grounds that miRNAs present in the blood of prostate cancer (PCa) patients are released in the growth medium by PCa cells, it is conceivable that PCa cells resistant to docetaxel (DCT) (DCTR) will release miRNAs that may be found in PCa patients under DCT therapy if resistant PCa cells appear. We isolated DCTR clones respectively from 22Rv1 and DU-145 PCa cell lines and performed through next-generation sequencing (NGS) the miRNAs profiles of the released miRNAs. The analysis of the NGS data identified 105 and 1 miRNAs which were differentially released in the growth medium of the 22Rv1/DCTR and DU-145/DCTR clones, respectively. Using additional filters, we selected 12 and 1 miRNA more released by all 22Rv1/DCTR and DU-145/DCTR clones, respectively. Moreover, we showed that 6 of them were more represented in the growth medium of the DCTR cells than the ones of DCT-treated cells. We speculated that they have the pre-requisite to be tested as predictive biomarkers of the DCT resistance in PCa patients under DCT therapy. We propose the utilization of clones resistant to a given drug as in vitro model to identify the differentially released miRNAs, which in perspective could be tested as predictive biomarkers of drug resistance in tumor patients under therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bascetta
- Non-Coding RNA Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Arianna Oliviero
- Non-Coding RNA Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Romina D'Aurizio
- Laboratory for Integrative System Medicine (LISM), Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Monica Evangelista
- Non-Coding RNA Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Alberto Mercatanti
- Non-Coding RNA Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Marco Pellegrini
- Laboratory for Integrative System Medicine (LISM), Institute of Informatics and Telematics (IIT), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Francesca Marrocolo
- Department of Oncology, San Donato Hospital, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, via P. Nenni 20, 52100 Arezzo, Italy.
| | - Sergio Bracarda
- Department of Oncology, San Donato Hospital, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, via P. Nenni 20, 52100 Arezzo, Italy.
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), via T. Alderotti 26/N, 50139 Firenze, Italy.
| | - Milena Rizzo
- Non-Coding RNA Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Physiology (IFC), National Research Council (CNR), via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Istituto Toscano Tumori (ITT), via T. Alderotti 26/N, 50139 Firenze, Italy.
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38
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Luu HN, Lin HY, Sørensen KD, Ogunwobi OO, Kumar N, Chornokur G, Phelan C, Jones D, Kidd L, Batra J, Yamoah K, Berglund A, Rounbehler RJ, Yang M, Lee SH, Kang N, Kim SJ, Park JY, Di Pietro G. miRNAs associated with prostate cancer risk and progression. BMC Urol 2017; 17:18. [PMID: 28320379 PMCID: PMC5359825 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-017-0206-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy among men in the US. Though considerable improvement in the diagnosis of prostate cancer has been achieved in the past decade, predicting disease outcome remains a major clinical challenge. Recent expression profiling studies in prostate cancer suggest microRNAs (miRNAs) may serve as potential biomarkers for prostate cancer risk and disease progression. miRNAs comprise a large family of about 22-nucleotide-long non-protein coding RNAs, regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and participate in the regulation of numerous cellular processes. In this review, we discuss the current status of miRNA in studies evaluating the disease progression of prostate cancer. The discussion highlights key findings from previous studies, which reported the role of miRNAs in risk and progression of prostate cancer, providing an understanding of the influence of miRNA on prostate cancer. Our review indicates that somewhat consistent results exist between these studies and reports on several prostate cancer related miRNAs. Present promising candidates are miR-1, −21, 106b, 141, −145, −205, −221, and −375, which are the most frequently studied and seem to be the most promising for diagnosis and prognosis for prostate cancer. Nevertheless, the findings from previous studies suggest miRNAs may play an important role in the risk and progression of prostate cancer as promising biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung N Luu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | | | - Olorunseun O Ogunwobi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of The City University of New York, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nagi Kumar
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Ganna Chornokur
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Catherine Phelan
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Dominique Jones
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, James Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - LaCreis Kidd
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, James Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre-QLD, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kosj Yamoah
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Anders Berglund
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Robert J Rounbehler
- Department of Tumor Biology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Mihi Yang
- Research Center for Cell Fate Control, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyoung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Haak Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nahyeon Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Y Park
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
| | - Giuliano Di Pietro
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, Rodovia Marechal Rodon, Jardim Rosa Elze, Sao Cristóvão, Brazil
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39
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Lin HM, Mahon KL, Spielman C, Gurney H, Mallesara G, Stockler MR, Bastick P, Briscoe K, Marx G, Swarbrick A, Horvath LG. Phase 2 study of circulating microRNA biomarkers in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:1002-1011. [PMID: 28278515 PMCID: PMC5396108 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Biomarkers of therapeutic response and prognosis are needed to assist in the sequencing of treatments for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Previously in a Phase 1 discovery study, we identified 14 circulating microRNAs that were associated with response to docetaxel chemotherapy or overall survival. We performed a Phase 2 validation study to verify these findings. Methods: Using real-time PCR, the levels of the 14 microRNAs were measured in plasma collected before and after the first cycle of docetaxel from a Phase 2 cohort of 89 patients. Results: The microRNAs were not associated with docetaxel response in the Phase 2 cohort. Higher baseline levels of six microRNAs, predominantly of the miR-200 family, were confirmed to be associated with shorter overall survival. A microRNA signature comprising these six microRNAs predicted high-risk patients in the Phase 2 cohort with a hazard ratio of 4.12 (95% CI 2.20–7.70, P=0.000001). The signature was an independent predictor in multivariable analysis with clinicopathological factors. Conclusions: The association of circulating microRNAs with overall survival suggests their involvement in CRPC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ming Lin
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Kate L Mahon
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia
| | - Calan Spielman
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Howard Gurney
- Crown Princess Mary Cancer Centre, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia.,Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Girish Mallesara
- Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia.,Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, New South Wales 2298, Australia
| | - Martin R Stockler
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia.,Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia.,Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Patricia Bastick
- Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia.,St George Hospital, Kogarah, New South Wales 2217, Australia
| | - Karen Briscoe
- Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia.,Mid North Coast Cancer Institute, Coffs Harbour Health Campus, Coffs Harbour, New South Wales 2450, Australia
| | - Gavin Marx
- Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, New South Wales 2076, Australia
| | - Alexander Swarbrick
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Lisa G Horvath
- Cancer Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia.,Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia.,Pharmacogenomics Research for Individualised Medicine (PRIMe) consortium, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales 2050, Australia
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40
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Li P, Xu T, Zhou X, Liao L, Pang G, Luo W, Han L, Zhang J, Luo X, Xie X, Zhu K. Downregulation of miRNA-141 in breast cancer cells is associated with cell migration and invasion: involvement of ANP32E targeting. Cancer Med 2017; 6:662-672. [PMID: 28220627 PMCID: PMC5345683 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate many cellular activities, including cancer development, progression, and metastasis. Some miRNAs are involved in breast cancer (BC) migration and invasion, thus affect patients’ prognosis. Microarray analysis was performed to compare miRNA expression in BC tissues, and results confirmed by qPCR. BC cell migration and invasion were studied in vitro with MDA‐MB‐231 cells using microplate transwell assays. miRNA targeting was investigated using luciferase assays, qPCR, and Western blot analysis in cells with overexpression of miRNA mimics. Knockdown of miRNA targets was performed using target siRNA lentiviral infection. Results show that microRNA‐141 (miR‐141) was downregulated in breast cancer tumor tissues compared with matched surrounding tissues. Downregulation of miR‐141 expression correlated with tumor stage, lymph node involvement, and expressions of PCNA, Ki67, and HER2. Overexpression of miR‐141 inhibited BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. ANP32E gene was selected as one putative target for further studies based on results from in silico analysis. Results from a dual‐luciferase reporter system suggested ANP32E as a direct target of miR‐141. Overexpression of miR‐141 downregulated ANP32E expression at both mRNA and protein levels in BC cells. Knockdown of ANP32E inhibited BC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, mimicking the effect of the overexpression of miR‐141. Our study revealed important roles miR‐141 plays in BC growth and metastasis. Moreover, for the first time, we identified ANP32E as one of the miR‐141 targets, and demonstrated its involvement in the regulation of cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Medical Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Liangying Liao
- Department of Scientific Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Guolian Pang
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Qujing, 1 Yuanlin Road, Qujing, 655000, China
| | - Wan Luo
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lu Han
- Center for Gene Diagnosis, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiankun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Qujing, 1 Yuanlin Road, Qujing, 655000, China
| | - Xianyong Luo
- Department of Pathology, First People's Hospital of Qujing, 1 Yuanlin Road, Qujing, 655000, China
| | - Xiaobing Xie
- Medical Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, 95 Shaoshan Middle Road, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Kuichun Zhu
- Labway Clinical Laboratories, Shanghai, 200000, China
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41
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Filella X, Foj L. miRNAs as novel biomarkers in the management of prostate cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 55:715-736. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractmicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression posttranscriptionally and are part of the giant non codifying genoma. Cumulating data suggest that miRNAs are promising potential biomarkers for many diseases, including cancer. Prostate cancer (PCa) detection is currently based in the serum prostate-specific antigen biomarker and digital rectal examination. However, these methods are limited by a low predictive value and the adverse consequences associated with overdiagnosis and overtreatment. New biomarkers that could be used for PCa detection and prognosis are still needed. Recent studies have demonstrated that aberrant expressions of microRNAs are associated with the underlying mechanisms of PCa. This review attempts to extensively summarize the current knowledge of miRNA expression patterns, as well as their targets and involvement in PCa pathogenesis. We focused our review in the value of circulating and urine miRNAs as biomarkers in PCa patients, highlighting the existing discrepancies between different studies, probably associated with the important methodological issues related to their quantitation and normalization. The majority of studies have been performed in serum or plasma, but urine obtained after prostate massage appears as a new way to explore the usefulness of miRNAs. Large screening studies to select a miRNA profile have been completed, but bioinformatics tools appear as a new approach to select miRNAs that are relevant in PCa development. Promising preliminary results were published concerning miR-141, miR-375 and miR-21, but larger and prospective studies using standardized methodology are necessary to define the value of miRNAs in the detection and prognosis of PCa.
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42
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Wadhwa B, Dumbre R. Achieving resistance specificity in prostate cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 260:243-247. [PMID: 27720870 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate (CaP) cancer is the second-leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in Western societies. Androgen receptor (AR) signaling is a critical survival pathway for prostate cancer cells, and androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the principal treatment for patients with locally advanced and metastatic disease. Although a majority of patients initially respond to ADT, most will eventually develop castrate resistance. The recent discovery that AR signaling persists during systemic castration via intratumoral production of androgens led to the development of novel anti-androgen therapies. Although these therapies effectively palliate symptoms and prolong life, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer remains incurable. Recent studies suggest that epithelial plasticity, which covers a range of changes in differentiation and cell behavior, with full epithelial integrity at one end and epithelial-mesenchymal Transition (EMT) as the full realization of a plasticity is regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). MicroRNAs are involved in human tumourigenesis and are aberrantly expressed in CaP cell lines, xenografts and clinical tissues and is associated with enhanced survival signaling, proliferation, migration, invasion, integrin-mediated adhesion, EMT, and drug resistance. Due to the oncogenic or tumor suppressive properties of CaP-related miRNAs, they are likely to be of clinical use as therapeutic targets for prostate cancer treatment in the near future. This review summarizes our current understanding of CaP and castration-recurrent CaP (CR-CaP) to earlier studies that characterized ADT and the molecular mechanisms that facilitate the transition from androgen-stimulated CaP to CR-CaP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhumika Wadhwa
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi 110001, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, CSIR, Jammu 180001, India.
| | - Rashmi Dumbre
- Centre for Biotechnology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni, India
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43
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Shukla KK, Misra S, Pareek P, Mishra V, Singhal B, Sharma P. Recent scenario of microRNA as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of prostate cancer. Urol Oncol 2016; 35:92-101. [PMID: 27890424 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2016.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (CaP) is a leading cause of cancer death and displays a broad range of clinical behavior from relatively indolent to aggressive metastatic disease. Due to the alteration and incomplete characterization of the CaP genomic markers, the quest for novel cellular metabolic regulatory molecules like micro RNA (miRNA) as a biomarker could be considered for the prognosis and treatment of CaP in future. In this article, we review the existing literature pertaining to CaP. Study provides a comprehensive miRNA profile expressed in CaP. Beside the miRNA expressed in the tumor tissue, circulating miRNAs have been found highly stable and are both detectable and quantifiable in a range of accessible bio fluids; therefore, miRNA has the potential to be useful diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarker. Along with being an important molecule in modulation of CaP progression, the miRNA have certain limitations such as lack of stable expression of multiple target genes and often disrupt entire signaling networks of cellular metabolic pathways. We conclude that: The alteration of miRNA and their role played in cellular regulatory networks would be the next target of basic research in CaP. The miRNAs identified may be validated and modeled to understand their role in CaP, using bioinformatics. There is an immediate unmet need in the translational approach of identified miRNAs. The characterization of miRNAs involved in CaP is still incomplete: adequate validation studies are required to corroborate current results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamla Kant Shukla
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Puneet Pareek
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vivek Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, IFTM University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Barkha Singhal
- Department of Biology, Texas Woman׳s University, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Parveen Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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44
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Fendler A, Stephan C, Yousef GM, Kristiansen G, Jung K. The translational potential of microRNAs as biofluid markers of urological tumours. Nat Rev Urol 2016; 13:734-752. [DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2016.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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45
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Udensi UK, Tchounwou PB. Oxidative stress in prostate hyperplasia and carcinogenesis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2016; 35:139. [PMID: 27609145 PMCID: PMC5017015 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-016-0418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prostatic hyperplasia (PH) is a common urologic disease that affects mostly elderly men. PH can be classified as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or prostate cancer (PCa) based on its severity. Oxidative stress (OS) is known to influence the activities of inflammatory mediators and other cellular processes involved in the initiation, promotion and progression of human neoplasms including prostate cancer. Scientific evidence also suggests that micronutrient supplementation may restore the antioxidant status and hence improve the clinical outcomes for patients with BPH and PCa. This review highlights the recent studies on prostate hyperplasia and carcinogenesis, and examines the role of OS on the molecular pathology of prostate cancer progression and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udensi K Udensi
- NIH/NIMHD RCMI Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA
| | - Paul B Tchounwou
- NIH/NIMHD RCMI Center for Environmental Health, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS, 39217, USA.
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46
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Hemmatzadeh M, Mohammadi H, Karimi M, Musavishenas MH, Baradaran B. Differential role of microRNAs in the pathogenesis and treatment of Esophageal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:509-19. [PMID: 27470391 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is the most invasive disease associated with inclusive poor prognosis. EC usually is found as either adenocarcinoma (EAC) or squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC). ESCC forms in squamous cells and highly occurs in the upper third of the esophagus. EAC appears in glandular cells and ordinarily develops in the lower one third of the esophagus near the stomach. Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a metaplastic precursor of EAC. There is a persistent need for improving our understanding of the molecular basis of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) demonstrate an uncovered class of small, non-coding RNAs that can negatively regulate the protein coding gene, and are associated with approximately all known physiological and pathological processes, especially cancer. MiRNAs can affect cancer pathogenesis, playing a crucial role as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors. The recent emergence of observations on the role of miRNAs in cancer and their functions has induced many investigations to examine their relevance to esophageal cancer. In esophageal cancer, miRNA dysregulation plays a crucial role in cancer prognosis and in patients' responsiveness to neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapies. In this review, the oncogenic, tumor suppressive, and drug resistance related roles of miRNAs, and their involvement in the pathogenesis and treatment of esophageal cancer were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Hemmatzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch (Aras), Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohammadi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch (Aras), Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Musavishenas
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, International Branch (Aras), Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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47
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Schou JV, Johansen JS, Nielsen D, Rossi S. Circulating microRNAs as Prognostic and Predictive Biomarkers in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Noncoding RNA 2016; 2:ncrna2020005. [PMID: 29657263 PMCID: PMC5831904 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna2020005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are suggested as promising cancer biomarkers. They are stable and extractable from a variety of clinical tissue specimens (fresh frozen or formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue) and a variety of body fluids (e.g., blood, urine, saliva). However, there are several challenges that need to be solved, considering their potential as biomarkers in cancer, such as lack of consistency between biomarker panels in independent studies due to lack of standardized sample handling and processing, use of inconsistent normalization approaches, and differences in patients populations. Focusing on colorectal cancer (CRC), divergent results regarding circulating miRNAs as prognostic or predictive biomarkers are reported in the literature. In the present review, we summarize the current data on circulating miRNAs as prognostic/predictive biomarkers in patients with localized and metastatic CRC (mCRC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Vasehus Schou
- Department of Oncology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
| | - Julia Sidenius Johansen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Dorte Nielsen
- Department of Oncology, Herlev & Gentofte Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Simona Rossi
- Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Via Vela 6, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
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Reproducible and Reliable Real-time PCR Assay to Measure Mature Form of miR-141. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2016; 24:138-43. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Missing link between microRNA and prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:5683-704. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-4900-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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50
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Abstract
Breast cancer affects approximately 12 % women worldwide and results in 14 % of all cancer-related fatalities. Breast cancer is commonly categorized into one of four main subtypes (luminal A, luminal B, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive and basal), indicating molecular characteristics and informing treatment regimes. The most severe form of breast cancer is metastasis, when the tumour spreads from the breast tissue to other parts of the body. Significantly, the primary tumour subtype affects rates and sites of metastasis. Currently, up to 5 % of patients present with incurable metastasis, with an additional 10–15 % of patients going on to develop metastasis within 3 years of diagnosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short 21–25 long nucleotides that have been shown to significantly affect gene expression. Currently, >2000 miRNAs have been identified and significantly, specific miRNAs have been found associated with diseases states. Importantly, miRNAs are found circulating in the blood, presenting an opportunity to use these circulating disease-related miRNAs as biomarkers. Clearly, the identification of circulating miRNA specific to metastatic breast cancer presents a unique opportunity for early disease identification and for monitoring disease burden. Currently however, few groups have identified miRNA associated with metastatic breast cancer. Here, we review the literature surrounding the identification of metastatic miRNA in breast cancer patients, highlighting key areas where miRNA biomarker discovery could be beneficial, identifying key concepts, recognizing critical areas requiring further research and discussing potential problems.
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