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Yu H, Sun F, Xu Y, Yang H, Tian C, Li C, Kang Y, Hao L, Yang P. Combination Immunotherapy of Oncolytic Flu-Vectored Virus and Programmed Cell Death 1 Blockade Enhances Antitumor Activity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Hum Gene Ther 2024; 35:177-191. [PMID: 38386514 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2023.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are appealing anti-tumor agents. But it is limited in its effectiveness. In this study, we used combination therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitor to enhance the antitumor efficacy of OVs. Using reverse genetics technology, we rescued an oncolytic influenza virus with the name delNS1-GM-CSF from the virus. After identifying the hemagglutination and 50% tissue culture infectivedose (TCID50) of delNS1-GM-CSF, it was purified, and the viral morphology was observed under electron microscopy. Reverse transcription quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to identify the level of GM-CSF expression in delNS1-GM-CSF, and the GM-CSF expression level was determined after infection with delNS1-GM-CSF by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To study the tumor-killing effect of delNS1-GM-CSF, we utilized the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor-bearing mouse model. To examine signaling pathways, we performed transcriptome sequencing on mouse tumor tissue and applied western blotting to confirm the results. Changes in T-cell infiltration in HCC tumors following treatment were analyzed using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. DelNS1-GM-CSF can target and kill HCCs without damaging normal hepatocytes. DelNS1-GM-CSF combined with programmed cell death 1 blockade therapy enhanced anti-tumor effects and significantly improved mouse survival. Further, we found that combination therapy had an antitumor impact via the janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK2-STAT3) pathway as well as activated CD4+ and CD8+T cells. Interestingly, combined therapy also showed promising efficacy in distant tumors. DelNS1-GM-CSF is well targeted. Mechanistic investigation revealed that it functions through the JAK2-STAT3 pathway. Combination immunotherapies expected to be a novel strategy for HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Yu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Fang Sun
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chongyu Tian
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Cong Li
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Yimin Kang
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lei Hao
- College of Basic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Penghui Yang
- Faculty of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, the First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Chinese PLA, Key Laboratory of Digital Hepatobiliary Surgery, PLA, Beijing, China
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Does Altered Cellular Metabolism Underpin the Normal Changes to the Maternal Immune System during Pregnancy? IMMUNOMETABOLISM 2021; 3:e210031. [PMID: 34729242 PMCID: PMC7611926 DOI: 10.20900/immunometab20210031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy is characterised by metabolic changes that occur to support the growth and development of the fetus over the course of gestation. These metabolic changes can be classified into two distinct phases: an initial anabolic phase to prepare an adequate store of substrates and energy which are then broken down and used during a catabolic phase to meet the energetic demands of the mother, placenta and fetus. Dynamic readjustment of immune homeostasis is also a feature of pregnancy and is likely linked to the changes in energy substrate utilisation at this time. As cellular metabolism is increasingly recognised as a key determinant of immune cell phenotype and function, we consider how changes in maternal metabolism might contribute to T cell plasticity during pregnancy.
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Bianco A, Lucchini M, Totaro R, Fantozzi R, De Luca G, Di Lemme S, Presicce G, Evangelista L, Di Tommaso V, Pastorino R, De Fino C, De Arcangelis V, Centonze D, Mirabella M. Disease Reactivation after Fingolimod Discontinuation in Pregnant Multiple Sclerosis Patients. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:2598-2607. [PMID: 34494237 PMCID: PMC8803993 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01106-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies estimated an incidence of 4-25% of disease rebound after withdrawal of fingolimod (FTY) for any reason, but specific data on disease reactivation after FTY withdrawal due to pregnancy are limited. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency and predictors of disease reactivation in patients who stopped FTY for pregnancy. A multicentre retrospective cohort study was conducted in four Italian MS centres in 2013-2019. Both planned and unplanned pregnancies were included. The annualized relapse rate (ARR) was calculated before FTY treatment, during FTY treatment, during pregnancy and during the year after delivery. In total, 27 patients (mean age 29 years) were included. The ARR 1 year before FTY treatment was 1.3. Patients were exposed to FTY for a median of 2.9 years. The ARR was 0.04 during the last year before conception (p < 0.001 compared with the ARR before FTY treatment). Eleven patients became pregnant after a mean of 88 days following FTY discontinuation, whereas 16 patients stopped FTY after pregnancy confirmation. Relapses were observed in 22% of patients during pregnancy and in 44% in the postpartum period. ARR increased both during pregnancy (0.49; p = 0.027) and in the first year after delivery (0.67; p < 0.001) compared to the last year before pregnancy. Compared with radiological assessment before pregnancy, more patients showed new or enlarging T2 lesions (63% vs 30%; p = 0.02) and gadolinium-enhancing lesions (44% vs 0; p = 0.0001) on brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Relapses during pregnancy were the only significant predictor for postpartum relapses (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.11-3.1). One case of spontaneous abortion and no cases of abnormal foetal development were observed. Despite adequate and prolonged control of disease activity, women who discontinue FTY because of pregnancy are at risk for disease reactivation. In patients who relapsed during pregnancy, the initiation of high-efficacy disease modifying drugs (DMDs) soon after delivery is advisable to prevent postpartum relapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Bianco
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerca Per La Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerca Per La Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Totaro
- Demyelinating Disease Center, San Salvatore Hospital, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna De Luca
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Unit of Neurology, SS Annunziata University Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Giorgia Presicce
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Evangelista
- Demyelinating Disease Center, San Salvatore Hospital, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Valeria Di Tommaso
- Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Unit of Neurology, SS Annunziata University Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberta Pastorino
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health-Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara De Fino
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria De Arcangelis
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Mirabella
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Centro Di Ricerca Per La Sclerosi Multipla (CERSM), Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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Amygdalin promotes the activity of T cells to suppress the progression of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:56. [PMID: 33435880 PMCID: PMC7802162 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a high-risk factor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Cellular immune responses are essential for HCC development, and the CD4+ and CD8+ T subtypes are identified as the primary anti-tumor immune cells. In the study, we investigated the effect and mechanism of amygdalin in the cellular immune response in HBV-related HCC and HCC progression. Methods The cell proliferation was examined by MTT analysis. Cells metastasis ability was detected by Invasion and migration assays. Quantification of apoptotic cells was performed with Flow cytometer assay. The protein levels of p-STAT3, STAT3, p-JAK2, JAK2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 were detected by performing immunoblotting assays. Results We demonstrate that amygdalin treatment could rescue the HBV-T cell viability and IFN-γ and TNF-αproduction. In HBV-T cells, the MFI levels of CD8+ are lower than that in NC-T cells. Moreover, the phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and JAK2 are higher in HBV-T cells, compared to those in NC-T cells, and then reduced by amygdalin treatment. Co-culture with HBV-T cells could reduce IFN-γ and TNF-α, production while increase IL-6 and IL-10 production in HepG2.2.15 cells; these alterations could be partially reversed by amygdalin pretreatment. Finally, co-culture with HBV-T cells significantly promoted the cell viability, inhibited the apoptosis, and promoted the migration of HepG2.2.15 cells, and these alterations could be partially reversed by amygdalin treatment. Conclusion Our findings provide a rationale for further studies on the functions and mechanism of amygdalin inhibiting HBV-related HCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration via T cell-mediated tumor immunity. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-020-05713-0.
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Krysko KM, Graves JS, Dobson R, Altintas A, Amato MP, Bernard J, Bonavita S, Bove R, Cavalla P, Clerico M, Corona T, Doshi A, Fragoso Y, Jacobs D, Jokubaitis V, Landi D, Llamosa G, Longbrake EE, Maillart E, Marta M, Midaglia L, Shah S, Tintore M, van der Walt A, Voskuhl R, Wang Y, Zabad RK, Zeydan B, Houtchens M, Hellwig K. Sex effects across the lifespan in women with multiple sclerosis. Ther Adv Neurol Disord 2020; 13:1756286420936166. [PMID: 32655689 PMCID: PMC7331774 DOI: 10.1177/1756286420936166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disorder that is more common in women, with onset often during reproductive years. The female:male sex ratio of MS rose in several regions over the last century, suggesting a possible sex by environmental interaction increasing MS risk in women. Since many with MS are in their childbearing years, family planning, including contraceptive and disease-modifying therapy (DMT) counselling, are important aspects of MS care in women. While some DMTs are likely harmful to the developing fetus, others can be used shortly before or until pregnancy is confirmed. Overall, pregnancy decreases risk of MS relapses, whereas relapse risk may increase postpartum, although pregnancy does not appear to be harmful for long-term prognosis of MS. However, ovarian aging may contribute to disability progression in women with MS. Here, we review sex effects across the lifespan in women with MS, including the effect of sex on MS susceptibility, effects of pregnancy on MS disease activity, and management strategies around pregnancy, including risks associated with DMT use before and during pregnancy, and while breastfeeding. We also review reproductive aging and sexual dysfunction in women with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen M Krysko
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, 675 Nelson Rising Lane, Suite 221, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jennifer S Graves
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, UCSD ACTRI, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ruth Dobson
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Neurology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Ayse Altintas
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Maria Pia Amato
- Department NEUROFARBA, Section of Neurosciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacqueline Bernard
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Simona Bonavita
- Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Campania, "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Riley Bove
- Department of Neurology, UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco CA, USA
| | - Paola Cavalla
- Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Marinella Clerico
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | - Teresa Corona
- Clinical Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anisha Doshi
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, University College London (UCL) Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yara Fragoso
- Multiple Sclerosis & Headache Research Institute, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Dina Jacobs
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vilija Jokubaitis
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Doriana Landi
- Department of Systems Medicine, Multiple Sclerosis Center and Research Unit, Tor Vergata University and Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Monica Marta
- Neurosciences and Trauma Centre, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Luciana Midaglia
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Suma Shah
- Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mar Tintore
- Department of Neurology-Neuroimmunology, Multiple Sclerosis Centre of Catalonia, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Rhonda Voskuhl
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yujie Wang
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Rana K Zabad
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Burcu Zeydan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Maria Houtchens
- Department of Neurology, Partners MS Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kerstin Hellwig
- Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Levin S, Rimmer K, Vargas WS. Neuroimmunologic disorders in pregnancy. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2020; 172:105-123. [PMID: 32768083 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64240-0.00006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy influences the course of neuroimmunologic conditions, which include multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and autoimmune encephalitis. The outcomes differ significantly for each disorder, reflecting the impact of hormonal changes, T-cell subsets, and placental factors on disease pathogenesis. In recent years, numerous data have emerged regarding MS activity throughout pregnancy and postpartum. Historically, the misconception that pregnancy worsens MS outcomes led patients to abstain from childbearing. Now, more women with these disorders, empowered by up-to-date information and better baseline disease control, are choosing to conceive. Nevertheless, the management of MS and related disorders in the pregnancy and postpartum period is complicated and requires a nuanced approach. Since standardized treatment guidelines around pregnancy are currently lacking, neurologists, together with obstetricians, must engage patients in a shared decision-making process that weighs the benefits to the mother and risks to the fetus. This chapter outlines the pathophysiology of neuroimmunologic disorders during pregnancy and postpartum, the impact of these diseases on childbearing, including fertility, pregnancy, delivery, and peurperium, as well as existing recommendations for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seth Levin
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Multiple Sclerosis Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kathryn Rimmer
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Multiple Sclerosis Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Wendy S Vargas
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Multiple Sclerosis Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Neurology, Division of Child Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States.
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7
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Spadaro M, Martire S, Marozio L, Mastromauro D, Montanari E, Perga S, Montarolo F, Brescia F, Balbo A, Botta G, Benedetto C, Bertolotto A. Immunomodulatory Effect of Pregnancy on Leukocyte Populations in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: A Comparison of Peripheral Blood and Decidual Placental Tissue. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1935. [PMID: 31474999 PMCID: PMC6707093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy is a naturally occurring disease modifier of multiple sclerosis (MS) associated with a substantial reduction in relapse rate. To date, attempts to explain this phenomenon have focused on systemic maternal immune cell composition, with contradictory results. To address this matter, we compared the immunomodulatory effects of pregnancy on five leukocyte populations (i.e., CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, CD4+CD127−CD25high regulatory T cells, CD56brightCD16− NK cells, and CD14+CD163+ monocytes) in peripheral blood from different cohorts of MS patients and healthy women at different times of gestation, as well as in decidual samples from the placenta of MS patients and healthy women collected after delivery. For the first time to our knowledge, we observed that the frequency of these cell populations in the decidua is not different between MS patients and healthy women, suggesting that a physiological immune regulation may occur at the fetal-maternal interface. In peripheral blood, however, contrary to healthy women, in MS patients cell frequencies were not significantly altered by gestation. In particular, CD8+ T cells did not show differences between groups. CD4+ T cells were higher in non-pregnant MS compared to healthy women, while during pregnancy they remained constant in MS and increased in healthy women. Regulatory T cells were higher in non-pregnant controls compared to MS women, while the difference was reduced during gestation due to the decrease of regulatory T cell levels in healthy women. CD14+CD163+ monocytes did not show differences between groups. CD56brightCD16− NK cells were not significantly different in non-pregnant MS compared to controls and increased in healthy women during gestation. In conclusion, our findings support the hypothesis that disease amelioration in MS patients during pregnancy may be due to a modulation of the immune cells functional activity rather than their frequency. Further studies exploring functional changes of these cells would be crucial to bring light into the complex mechanisms of pregnancy-induced tolerance and autoimmunity overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Spadaro
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy
| | - Serena Martire
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Marozio
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Daniela Mastromauro
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Elena Montanari
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Simona Perga
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Montarolo
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Brescia
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessia Balbo
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Botta
- Department of Pathology, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Benedetto
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Antonio Bertolotto
- Clinical Neurobiology Unit, Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, Turin, Italy.,Neurologia-CRESM (Centro Riferimento Regionale Sclerosi Multipla), Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria San Luigi Gonzaga, Turin, Italy
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8
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Van Der Walt A, Nguyen A, Jokubaitis V. Family planning, antenatal and post partum care in multiple sclerosis: a review and update. Med J Aust 2019; 211:230-236. [DOI: 10.5694/mja2.50113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Van Der Walt
- Monash University Melbourne VIC
- University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC
- Alfred Health Melbourne VIC
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Melbourne VIC
| | - Ai‐Lan Nguyen
- University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC
- Royal Melbourne Hospital Melbourne VIC
| | - Vilija Jokubaitis
- Monash University Melbourne VIC
- University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC
- Alfred Health Melbourne VIC
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9
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Dazzan P, Fusté M, Davies W. Do Defective Immune System-Mediated Myelination Processes Increase Postpartum Psychosis Risk? Trends Mol Med 2018; 24:942-949. [PMID: 30348609 PMCID: PMC6224363 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Postpartum (or puerperal) psychosis (PP) is a rare, severe psychiatric disorder that affects women shortly after childbirth; risk is particularly high in individuals with a history of bipolar disorder or PP, but the underlying pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Emerging evidence suggests that immune system (dys)function plays an important role in disorder onset. On the basis of new findings from clinical and animal model studies, we hypothesise that the abundance and/or activity of regulatory T cells, and the efficacy of consequent (re)myelination processes in the brain mediated by CCN proteins, is perturbed in PP; this pathway may be modulated by risk and protective/treatment factors for the disorder, and identifying abnormalities within it could signpost novel predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Montserrat Fusté
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - William Davies
- Medical Research Council Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Schools of Medicine and Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK.
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10
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Wang X, Xin W, Zhang H, Zhang F, Gao M, Yuan L, Xu X, Hu X, Zhao M. Aberrant expression of p-STAT3 in peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells related to hepatocellular carcinoma development. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:2649-56. [PMID: 25175640 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide. The signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) protein is a member of the STAT transcription factor family. Oncogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of HCC are associated with activation of STAT3. However, whether aberrant expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells relates to HCC pathogenesis remains unclear. In this study, the expression of p-STAT3 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and the levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6 and IL-10 in the human hepatoma cell line Huh7 co-cultured with peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMCs) of healthy volunteers were measured. The correlations between p-STAT3 and IFN-γ/IL-4, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 were then analyzed. Results showed that the p-STAT3 level is higher in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of HCC patients, and in PBMCs co-cultured with Huh7 cells compared to controls. The cytokine (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) levels were increased and the IFN-γ level was decreased in the serum of HCC patients and in supernatants of PBMCs co-cultured with Huh7 cells. Correlation analyses demonstrated that the IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio and the IFN-γ level negatively correlate to the p-STAT3 level in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in samples from patients and in cells cultured in vitro. By contrast, the levels of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10 positively correlated to the p-STAT3 level. This study indicated that the expression of p-STAT3 is upregulated in peripheral CD4+ and CD8+ T cells of HCC patients, and which may result in abnormal immune surveillance and thereby, contribute to HCC pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Xin
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, Shandong 274031, P.R. China
| | - Fengmei Zhang
- School Hospital, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Meilan Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Hu
- Department of Immunology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Mingdong Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
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11
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Munang'andu HM, Mutoloki S, Evensen Ø. Acquired immunity and vaccination against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus of salmon. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 43:184-196. [PMID: 23962742 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 08/10/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Acquired immunity plays an important role in the protection of salmonids vaccinated against infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV) infections. In recent years, vaccine research has taken a functional approach to find the correlates of protective immunity against IPNV infections. Accumulating evidence suggests that the humoral response, specifically IgM is a correlate of vaccine protection against IPNV infections. The role of IgT on the other hand, especially at the sites of virus entry into the host is yet to be established. The kinetics of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell gene expression have also been shown to correlate with protection in salmonids, suggesting that other arms of the adaptive immune response e.g. cytotoxic T cell responses and Th1 may also be important. Overall, the mechanisms of vaccine protection observed in salmonids are comparable to those seen in other vertebrates suggesting that the immunological basis of vaccine protection has been conserved across vertebrate taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hetron Mweemba Munang'andu
- Norwegian School of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Section of Aquatic Medicine and Nutrition, P.O. Box 8146 Dep, N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stephen Mutoloki
- Norwegian School of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Section of Aquatic Medicine and Nutrition, P.O. Box 8146 Dep, N-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein Evensen
- Norwegian School of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Section of Aquatic Medicine and Nutrition, P.O. Box 8146 Dep, N-0033 Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Periolo N, Guillén L, Arruvito ML, Alegre NS, Niveloni SI, Hwang JH, Bai JC, Cherñavsky AC. IL-15 controls T cell functions through its influence on CD30 and OX40 antigens in Celiac Disease. Cytokine 2014; 67:44-51. [PMID: 24680481 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the ability of interleukin (IL)-15 to control T cell functions through its influence on CD30 and OX40 expressing cells in Celiac Disease (CD). In peripheral blood (PB), by examining the expression of OX40 in conventional effectors cells and T cells with a phenotypic specialization of regulatory cells [CD4+CD25high forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3)+], and the co stimulation of IFN-γ and IL-4 production within CD30 and OX40 positive subsets of T cells. At the duodenal mucosa, by assessing the expression of CD30 and OX40 in intraepithelial (IE) and lamina propria (LP) lymphocytes (IEL, LPL). PATIENTS AND METHODS PB and duodenal mucosal biopsies were obtained from 38 patients with classic CD (Cel) and 38 healthy controls (HC). Analysis of cell surface and/or intracellular antigens was performed in anti-CD3-treated PB mononuclear cells (PBMC) before and after treatment with recombinant IL-15 (rIL-15), and in IE and LP cellular suspensions prepared from duodenal biopsies pre-treated with/without rIL-15. RESULTS A subpopulation of CD3+OX40+ T blasts was induced in Cel and HC by a 3days treatment of PBMC with anti-CD3 and decreased its size thereafter, regardless of the presence of rIL-15. However, the addition of rIL-15 to T blasts distinctively induced the survival of T cells with a regulatory phenotype that expresses OX40 antigen in Cel (p<0.05). Celiac patients showed higher frequencies of IFN-γ-producing CD3+CD30+ blasts before and after treatment with rIL-15 (p<0.05, vs. HC). IL-15 increased the frequencies of CD3+CD30+ LPL (HC: p<0.05, Cel: p<0.05) but not of CD3+OX40+ LPL, and CD30 or OX40 positive IEL. CONCLUSIONS The distinctive control of OX40+ cells with a T regulatory phenotype mediated by the influence of IL-15 comes out as new function of this cytokine in the context of CD. The higher production of IFN-γ by a subpopulation of peripheral CD3+CD30+ cells contributes to the type I biased immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Periolo
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Guillén
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Arruvito
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N S Alegre
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S I Niveloni
- Sección Intestino Delgado, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J H Hwang
- Sección Intestino Delgado, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J C Bai
- Sección Intestino Delgado, Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Gastroenterología "Dr. Carlos Bonorino Udaondo", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A C Cherñavsky
- Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Hospital de Clínicas "José de San Martín", Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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13
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Abstract
Pregnancy creates alterations in maternal physiology which predispose to unique neurologic disorders. Pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, certain types of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and thunderclap headache all appear to share a common origin from vascular endothelial dysfunction, with overlapping clinical presentations. Multiple sclerosis often improves during pregnancy. Compression mononeuropathies may occur in the extremities. Myasthenia gravis may affect second stage labor. Various inflammatory peripheral neuropathies, dystrophies, myopathies may occur during pregnancy. The safety of specific immune suppressants is reviewed. Epilepsy does not have a significant effect upon the course of pregnancy, albeit there is a modest increase in the need for cesarean section. Certain antiepileptic drugs may produce fetal malformations, most notably valproic acid. Brain tumors are rare during pregnancy, but may increase in size due to activation of hormonal receptors on tumor cells surfaces, water retention, and engorged blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Steven Block
- Department of Neurology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - José Biller
- Department of Neurology, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, IL, USA.
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14
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Rowe JH, Ertelt JM, Xin L, Way SS. Regulatory T cells and the immune pathogenesis of prenatal infection. Reproduction 2013; 146:R191-203. [PMID: 23929902 DOI: 10.1530/rep-13-0262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy in placental mammals offers exceptional comprehensive benefits of in utero protection, nutrition, and metabolic waste elimination for the developing fetus. However, these benefits also require durable strategies to mitigate maternal rejection of fetal tissues expressing foreign paternal antigens. Since the initial postulate of expanded maternal immune tolerance by Sir Peter Medawar 60 years ago, an amazingly elaborate assortment of molecular and cellular modifications acting both locally at the maternal-placental interface and systemically have been shown to silence potentially detrimental maternal immune responses. In turn, simultaneously maintaining host defense against the infinite array of potential pathogens during pregnancy is equally important. Fortunately, resistance against most infections is preserved seamlessly throughout gestation. On the other hand, recent studies on pathogens with unique predisposition for prenatal infections have uncovered distinctive holes in host defense associated with the reproductive process. Using these infections to probe the response during pregnancy, the immune suppressive regulatory subset of maternal CD4 T cells has been increasingly shown to dictate the inter-workings between prenatal infection susceptibility and pathogenesis of ensuing pregnancy complications. Herein, the recent literature suggesting a necessity for maternal regulatory T cells (Tregs) in pregnancy-induced immunological shifts that sustain fetal tolerance is reviewed. Additional discussion is focused on how expansion of maternal Treg suppression may become exploited by pathogens that cause prenatal infections and the perilous potential of infection-induced immune activation that may mitigate fetal tolerance and inadvertently inject hostility into the protective in utero environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared H Rowe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7017, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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15
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Patas K, Engler JB, Friese MA, Gold SM. Pregnancy and multiple sclerosis: feto-maternal immune cross talk and its implications for disease activity. J Reprod Immunol 2013; 97:140-6. [PMID: 23432880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of presumed autoimmune origin. Intriguingly, pregnancy in female MS patients is associated with a substantial decrease in relapse rate. However, post-partum the relapse rate increases in a rebounding fashion above the rate seen before pregnancy. Wide gaps remain in our understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying these pregnancy-related effects in MS patients. To date, most attempts to explain MS disease amelioration during pregnancy have focused on levels of circulating hormones with immunomodulatory properties such as estrogens and global shifts in systemic maternal immune cell composition. However, recent advances in our understanding of feto-maternal tolerance have provided evidence that fetal antigens directly interact with the maternal immune system. This results in specific immunomodulation such as fetal-antigen-dependent induction of regulatory T cells. Thus, the "shaping" of maternal immune responses by fetal antigens may represent an endogenous pathway by which antigen-specific immunomodulation might also contribute to reinstalling tolerance to autoantigens in MS. Reproductive immunology therefore has great potential to provide insights into MS immunopathogenesis and highlight novel avenues for treatment of MS and other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Patas
- Center for Molecular Neurobiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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16
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Ji N, Sosa RA, Forsthuber TG. More than just a T-box: the role of T-bet as a possible biomarker and therapeutic target in autoimmune diseases. Immunotherapy 2012; 3:435-41. [PMID: 21395384 DOI: 10.2217/imt.10.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
T-bet was initially described as a T-box transcription factor with an essential role in orchestrating Th1 cell differentiation. Subsequently, it was determined that T-bet controls the expression of numerous cytokines and their receptors, adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, and therefore determines the differentiation and development status of many types of immune cells. The critical role of T-bet in autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, implicates it as a potential biomarker for pathogenic T cells as well as a therapeutic drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niannian Ji
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, TX 78249, USA
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17
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Jobin C, Larochelle C, Parpal H, Coyle PK, Duquette P. Gender issues in multiple sclerosis: an update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 6:797-820. [PMID: 21118039 DOI: 10.2217/whe.10.69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Although multiple sclerosis (MS) affects both women and men, women are more susceptible to MS than men. Accumulating evidence indicates that the incidence and prevalence of MS is increasing, more so in women than in men. Owing to pregnancy, differing hormonal states and distinct social roles, the impact of MS differs between women and men. Since Patricia K Coyle published a review on gender issues in MS, multiple studies have added to the body of knowledge. This update will summarize the current thinking on gender-related issues in MS and we will address incidence and prevalence, hormonal factors, pregnancy and breastfeeding, genetics, course and prognosis, imaging, treatment and psychosocial aspects. Future progression within this field will help elucidate the cause of and define the treatment of MS.
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18
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Neuteboom RF, Verbraak E, Wierenga-Wolf AF, Voerman JSA, Meurs MV, Swagemakers SM, Spek PJVD, Steegers EAP, Groot CJMD, Laman JD, Hintzen RQ. The monocyte transcriptome during pregnancy in multiple sclerosis: prominent expression of the Fc-receptor CD64. Mult Scler 2010; 17:389-96. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458510389628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background: During the third trimester of pregnancy multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity is reduced. It is not fully understood which factors mediate this disease amelioration. Objective: To study alterations of the monocyte transcriptome during pregnancy in MS patients, using a genomewide approach to identify differentially regulated genes. Methods: Women with MS and healthy controls were longitudinally studied, including a visit before pregnancy. Results: RNA-microarray analysis was performed in six patients. We found a significant increase of CD64 (Fc gamma receptor 1a, FcgR1a) during the third trimester compared with baseline, confirmed by RT-PCR in a group of ten patients. Analysis with Ingenuity software was performed using all genes expression of which was altered at least 1.5-fold in at least five out of six patients. Major networks that were altered during MS pregnancy were: cell-to-cell signalling and interaction, immune response, and cell signalling. From the genes selected for Ingenuity analysis, seven additional candidate genes, selected for their biological interest, were tested using RT-PCR in ten patients with MS and nine controls. We found an increased expression of JAK2 and STAT1 directly postpartum in patients with MS and in controls. Conclusion: The increased CD64 expression during pregnancy is indicative of enhanced innate immune functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinze F Neuteboom
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evert Verbraak
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet F Wierenga-Wolf
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jane SA Voerman
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Meurs
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sigrid M Swagemakers
- Department of Bio-informatics, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands Cancer Genomics Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J van de Spek
- Department of Bio-informatics, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric AP Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne JM de Groot
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Jon D Laman
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Q Hintzen
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Neuteboom RF, Verbraak E, Wierenga-Wolf AF, van Meurs M, Steegers EAP, de Groot CJM, Laman JD, Hintzen RQ. Pregnancy-induced fluctuations in functional T-cell subsets in multiple sclerosis patients. Mult Scler 2010; 16:1073-8. [DOI: 10.1177/1352458510373939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: During pregnancy, especially during the third trimester, multiple sclerosis (MS) disease activity is reduced. It is not known which factors mediate this disease amelioration. Objective: To study whether the frequency of two important T-cell subsets, T-helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T-cells (Treg), is altered in relation to pregnancy-induced MS disease amelioration. Methods: Each individual was tested longitudinally, after sampling of blood at timepoints before pregnancy, during the first and third trimester, and in the early post-partum period. Frequencies of Th17 cells were assessed after short (4 hours) re-stimulation of peripheral blood lymphocytes with PMA and ionomycin, followed by flow cytometry using CD4, CD45RO and IL-17A antibodies. To assess peripheral blood Treg frequencies, we used six-colour flow cytometry with antibodies against CD3, CD4, CD25, CD127, FoxP3 and HLA-DR, to specifically identify Treg. Results: Both MS patients ( n = 9) and controls ( n = 8) displayed unaltered Th17 frequencies during pregnancy. In contrast, circulating Treg frequency significantly decreased in MS patients ( n = 15) during the first and third ( p < 0.001) trimesters compared with the period before pregnancy. In the post-partum period, the frequency of circulating Treg again resurged back to near pre-pregnancy levels. In controls ( n = 15) comparable frequency kinetics were observed in that post-partum a significant increase in circulating Treg frequency was detected compared with the first ( p < 0.001) and third ( p = 0.012) trimester. Conclusions: Third trimester amelioration is not related to the fluctuation of circulating Th17 cells. Furthermore, a paradoxical decrease of immunosuppressive circulating Tregs can be observed during this phase, both in MS patients and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinze F Neuteboom
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evert Verbraak
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annet F Wierenga-Wolf
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjan van Meurs
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric AP Steegers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne JM de Groot
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medisch Centrum Haaglanden, the Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Jon D Laman
- MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rogier Q Hintzen
- Department of Neurology, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, MS Centre ErasMS, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,
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