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Mou L, Lu Y, Wu Z, Pu Z, Huang X, Wang M. Applying 12 machine learning algorithms and Non-negative Matrix Factorization for robust prediction of lupus nephritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1391218. [PMID: 39224582 PMCID: PMC11366613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1391218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a challenging condition with limited diagnostic and treatment options. In this study, we applied 12 distinct machine learning algorithms along with Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) to analyze single-cell datasets from kidney biopsies, aiming to provide a comprehensive profile of LN. Through this analysis, we identified various immune cell populations and their roles in LN progression and constructed 102 machine learning-based immune-related gene (IRG) predictive models. The most effective models demonstrated high predictive accuracy, evidenced by Area Under the Curve (AUC) values, and were further validated in external cohorts. These models highlight six hub IRGs (CD14, CYBB, IFNGR1, IL1B, MSR1, and PLAUR) as key diagnostic markers for LN, showing remarkable diagnostic performance in both renal and peripheral blood cohorts, thus offering a novel approach for noninvasive LN diagnosis. Further clinical correlation analysis revealed that expressions of IFNGR1, PLAUR, and CYBB were negatively correlated with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), while CYBB also positively correlated with proteinuria and serum creatinine levels, highlighting their roles in LN pathophysiology. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis revealed significant networks involving hub IRGs, emphasizing the importance of the interleukin family and chemokines in LN pathogenesis. This study highlights the potential of integrating advanced genomic tools and machine learning algorithms to improve diagnosis and personalize management of complex autoimmune diseases like LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Mou
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- MetaLife Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- MetaLife Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zijing Wu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- MetaLife Lab, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zuhui Pu
- Imaging Department, Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoyan Huang
- Department of Nephrology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiying Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Dao LTM, Vu TT, Nguyen QT, Hoang VT, Nguyen TL. Current cell therapies for systemic lupus erythematosus. Stem Cells Transl Med 2024:szae044. [PMID: 38920310 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szae044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease in which multiple organs are damaged by the immune system. Although standard treatment options such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), glucocorticoids (GCs), and other immunosuppressive or immune-modulating agents can help to manage symptoms, they do not offer a cure. Hence, there is an urgent need for the development of novel drugs and therapies. In recent decades, cell therapies have been used for the treatment of SLE with encouraging results. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, mesenchymal stem cells, regulatory T (Treg) cell, natural killer cells, and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cells are advanced cell therapies which have been developed and evaluated in clinical trials in humans. In clinical application, each of these approaches has shown advantages and disadvantages. In addition, further studies are necessary to conclusively establish the safety and efficacy of these therapies. This review provides a summary of recent clinical trials investigating cell therapies for SLE treatment, along with a discussion on the potential of other cell-based therapies. The factors influencing the selection of common cell therapies for individual patients are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan T M Dao
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thu Thuy Vu
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Quyen Thi Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Van T Hoang
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Liem Nguyen
- Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Vinmec International Hospital, Center of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Therapy, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Vin University, College of Health Sciences, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
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Islamuddin M, Qin X. Renal macrophages and NLRP3 inflammasomes in kidney diseases and therapeutics. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:229. [PMID: 38740765 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are exceptionally diversified cell types and perform unique features and functions when exposed to different stimuli within the specific microenvironment of various kidney diseases. In instances of kidney tissue necrosis or infection, specific patterns associated with damage or pathogens prompt the development of pro-inflammatory macrophages (M1). These M1 macrophages contribute to exacerbating tissue damage, inflammation, and eventual fibrosis. Conversely, anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) arise in the same circumstances, contributing to kidney repair and regeneration processes. Impaired tissue repair causes fibrosis, and hence macrophages play a protective and pathogenic role. In response to harmful stimuli within the body, inflammasomes, complex assemblies of multiple proteins, assume a pivotal function in innate immunity. The initiation of inflammasomes triggers the activation of caspase 1, which in turn facilitates the maturation of cytokines, inflammation, and cell death. Macrophages in the kidneys possess the complete elements of the NLRP3 inflammasome, including NLRP3, ASC, and pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasomes are activated, it triggers the activation of caspase-1, resulting in the release of mature proinflammatory cytokines (IL)-1β and IL-18 and cleavage of Gasdermin D (GSDMD). This activation process therefore then induces pyroptosis, leading to renal inflammation, cell death, and renal dysfunction. The NLRP3-ASC-caspase-1-IL-1β-IL-18 pathway has been identified as a factor in the development of the pathophysiology of numerous kidney diseases. In this review, we explore current progress in understanding macrophage behavior concerning inflammation, injury, and fibrosis in kidneys. Emphasizing the pivotal role of activated macrophages in both the advancement and recovery phases of renal diseases, the article delves into potential strategies to modify macrophage functionality and it also discusses emerging approaches to selectively target NLRP3 inflammasomes and their signaling components within the kidney, aiming to facilitate the healing process in kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Islamuddin
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, 18703 Three Rivers Road, Covington, LA, 70433, USA.
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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4
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Reynolds J, Huang M, Li Y, Meineck M, Moeckel T, Weinmann-Menke J, Mohan C, Schwarting A, Putterman C. Constitutive knockout of interleukin-6 ameliorates memory deficits and entorhinal astrocytosis in the MRL/lpr mouse model of neuropsychiatric lupus. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:89. [PMID: 38600510 PMCID: PMC11007930 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-024-03085-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) describes the cognitive, memory, and affective emotional burdens faced by many lupus patients. While NPSLE's pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated, clinical imaging studies and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings, namely elevated interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, point to ongoing neuroinflammation in affected patients. Not only linked to systemic autoimmunity, IL-6 can also activate neurotoxic glial cells the brain. A prior pre-clinical study demonstrated that IL-6 can acutely induce a loss of sucrose preference; the present study sought to assess the necessity of chronic IL-6 exposure in the NPSLE-like disease of MRL/lpr lupus mice. METHODS We quantified 1308 proteins in individual serum or pooled CSF samples from MRL/lpr and control MRL/mpj mice using protein microarrays. Serum IL-6 levels were plotted against characteristic NPSLE neurobehavioral deficits. Next, IL-6 knockout MRL/lpr (IL-6 KO; n = 15) and IL-6 wildtype MRL/lpr mice (IL-6 WT; n = 15) underwent behavioral testing, focusing on murine correlates of learning and memory deficits, depression, and anxiety. Using qPCR, we quantified the expression of inflammatory genes in the cortex and hippocampus of MRL/lpr IL-6 KO and WT mice. Immunofluorescent staining was performed to quantify numbers of microglia (Iba1 +) and astrocytes (GFAP +) in multiple cortical regions, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. RESULTS MRL/lpr CSF analyses revealed increases in IL-17, MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 (a priori p-value < 0.1). Serum levels of IL-6 correlated with learning and memory performance (R2 = 0.58; p = 0.03), but not motivated behavior, in MRL/lpr mice. Compared to MRL/lpr IL-6 WT, IL-6 KO mice exhibited improved novelty preference on object placement (45.4% vs 60.2%, p < 0.0001) and object recognition (48.9% vs 67.9%, p = 0.002) but equivalent performance in tests for anxiety-like disease and depression-like behavior. IL-6 KO mice displayed decreased cortical expression of aif1 (microglia; p = 0.049) and gfap (astrocytes; p = 0.044). Correspondingly, IL-6 KO mice exhibited decreased density of GFAP + cells compared to IL-6 WT in the entorhinal cortex (89 vs 148 cells/mm2, p = 0.037), an area vital to memory. CONCLUSIONS The inflammatory composition of MRL/lpr CSF resembles that of human NPSLE patients. Increased in the CNS, IL-6 is necessary to the development of learning and memory deficits in the MRL/lpr model of NPSLE. Furthermore, the stimulation of entorhinal astrocytosis appears to be a key mechanism by which IL-6 promotes these behavioral deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Reynolds
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle Huang
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yaxi Li
- University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Myriam Meineck
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tamara Moeckel
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Julia Weinmann-Menke
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Schwarting
- University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York, NY, USA.
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Zefat, Israel.
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Labouret M, Trebossen V, Ntorkou A, Bartoli S, Aubart M, Auvin S, Bader-Meunier B, Baudouin V, Corseri O, Dingulu G, Ducrocq C, Dumaine C, Elmaleh M, Fabien N, Faye A, Hau I, Hentgen V, Kwon T, Meinzer U, Ouldali N, Parmentier C, Pouletty M, Renaldo F, Savioz I, Benoist JF, Le Roux E, Ellul P, Melki I. Juvenile neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus: A specific clinical phenotype and proposal of a probability score. Lupus 2024; 33:328-339. [PMID: 38315109 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241229022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (j-SLE) is a rare chronic auto-immune disease involving several organs. Neuropsychiatric (NP) SLE (NPSLE) is frequent in j-SLE and associated with increased morbidity/mortality. Although NPSLE classification criteria exist, attributing NP features to j-SLE remains a major challenge. The study objective is to thoroughly describe j-NPSLE patients and assist in their diagnosis. METHODS This is a 4-year retrospective monocentric study of j-SLE patients. NP events were attributed to j-SLE using standardised diagnostic criteria and multidisciplinary paediatric clinical expertise. Clinical features, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)s and samples analysis including cerebrospinal fluid were assessed. A risk of j-NPSLE score was developed based on multivariable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of 39 patients included, 44% were identified as having j-NPSLE. J-NPSLE diagnosis was established at the onset of j-SLE in 59% of patients. In addition to frequent kidney involvement (76%) and chilblains (65%), all j-NPSLE patients displayed psychiatric features: cognitive symptoms (82%), hallucinations (76%), depressed mood (35%), acute confused state (18%) and catatonia (12%). Neurological involvement was often mild and nonspecific, with headache (53%) in about half of the patients. The main features reported on brain MRI were nonspecific T2/FLAIR white matter hyperintensities (65%), and cerebral atrophy (88%). Upon immunosuppressive treatment, clinical improvement of NP features was observed in all j-NPSLE patients. The score developed to attribute j-NPSLE probability, guide further investigations and appropriate treatments is based on hallucinations, memory, sleep and renal involvement (Sensitivity: 0.95 Specificity: 0.85). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin assessment increases the score sensitivity and specificity. CONCLUSION Physicians should carefully and systematically assess the presence of NP features at diagnosis and early stages of j-SLE. For j-NPSLE patients with predominant psychiatric features, a multidisciplinary collaboration, including psychiatrists, is essential for the diagnosis, management and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Labouret
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Trebossen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Ntorkou
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Bartoli
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Mélodie Aubart
- Paediatric Neurology Department, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, University of Paris-Cité, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, French Institute of Health and Medical Research U1163, Imagine Institute, University of Paris-Cité, Paris, France
| | - Stéphane Auvin
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Center for Rare Epilepsies & Epilepsy Unit, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM NeuroDiderot, Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
| | - Brigitte Bader-Meunier
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Immunology And Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Paediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Véronique Baudouin
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Corseri
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Glory Dingulu
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Camille Ducrocq
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Dumaine
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Monique Elmaleh
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Nicole Fabien
- Immunology Department, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Lyon, France
| | - Albert Faye
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France
- UMR1123 Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Hau
- Department of General Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Véronique Hentgen
- Department of General Paediatrics, French Reference centre for Autoinflammatory diseases and amyloidosis (CEREMAIA), Versailles Hospital, Le Chesnay, France
| | - Théresa Kwon
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ulrich Meinzer
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France
- Center for Research on Inflammation, INSERM, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Biology and Genetics of Bacterial Cell Wall Unit, Pasteur Institute, Paris, France
| | - Naim Ouldali
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Cité, UFR de Médecine Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Cyrielle Parmentier
- Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Armand-Trousseau Childrens' Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marie Pouletty
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Florence Renaldo
- Department of Paediatric Neurology, Center for Neurogenetic Diseases, Armand-Trousseau Childrens' Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Savioz
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Benoist
- Metabolic Biochemistry Laboratory, Reference Centre for Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Université Paris Saclay, UFR Pharmacie, France
| | - Enora Le Roux
- UMR1123 Inserm, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Unité d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Inserm, CIC 1426, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Nord-Université Paris Cité, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Ellul
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Immunology-Immunopathology-Immunotherapy (i3), Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Melki
- General Paediatrics, Department of Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine, Robert Debré Mother-Child University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Immunology And Rheumatology, Necker-Enfants-Malades University Hospital, Reference Centre for Rheumatic, AutoImmune and Systemic Diseases in Children (RAISE), AP-HP, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Neuroinflammation, INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Paediatrics, Rheumatology and Paediatric Internal Medicine, Children's Hospital, Bordeaux, France
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Wang Y, Cao C, Liu S, Hu L, Du Y, Lv Y, Liu Q. Identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated glomerulonephritis. iScience 2023; 26:108157. [PMID: 37915598 PMCID: PMC10616314 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring key genes for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated glomerulonephritis (ANCA-GN) is of great significance. Through bioinformatics analysis, 79 immune protein-differentially expressed genes (IP-DEGs) were obtained. Six hub genes (PTPRC, CD86, TLR2, IL1B, CSF-1R, and CCL2) were identified and verified to be increased in ANCA-GN patients. Random forest algorithm and ROC analysis showed that CSF-1R was a potential biomarker. Plasma CSF-1R levels increased significantly in ANCA-GN-active patients compared with remission stage and control. Correlation analysis revealed that CSF-1R levels had positive relationship with serum creatinine and Birmingham scoring, while inversely correlated with eGFR. Multivariate analysis revealed that plasma CSF-1R were an independent poor prognostic variable for end-stage renal disease or death, after adjusting for age and gender (HR = 3.05, 95% CI = 1.45-6.43, p = 0.003). Overall, we revealed that the CSF-1R is related to disease activity and might be a vital gene associated with the pathogenesis of ANCA-GN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chenlin Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of the Second Clinical College, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Siyang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liu Hu
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yueliang Du
- Department of Nephrology, Luohe Central Hospital, Luohe, China
| | - Yongman Lv
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingquan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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7
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Zhang P, Geng Y, Tang J, Cao Z, Xiang X, Yang K, Chen H. Identification of biomarkers related to immune and inflammation in membranous nephropathy: comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1252347. [PMID: 37876929 PMCID: PMC10590909 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1252347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Membranous nephropathy (MN) is an autoimmune glomerular disease that is predominantly mediated by immune complex deposition and complement activation. The aim of this study was to identify key biomarkers of MN and investigate their association with immune-related mechanisms, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and chemokine receptors (CCRs). Methods MN cohort microarray expression data were downloaded from the GEO database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MN were identified, and hub genes were determined using a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The relationships between immune-related hub genes, immune cells, CCRs, and inflammatory cytokines were examined using immune infiltration analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Finally, the immune-related hub genes in MN were validated using ELISA. Results In total, 501 DEGs were identified. Enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of immune- and cytokine-related pathways in MN progression. Using WGCNA and immune infiltration analysis, 2 immune-related hub genes (CYBB and CSF1R) were identified. These genes exhibited significant correlations with a wide range of immune cells and were found to participate in B cell/T cell receptor and chemokine signaling pathways. In addition, the expressions of 2 immune-related hub genes were positively correlated with the expression of CCR1, CX3CR1, IL1B, CCL4, TNF, and CCR2. Conclusion Our study identified CSF1 and CYBB as immune-related hub genes that potentially influence the expression of CCRs and pro-inflammatory cytokines (CCR1, CX3CR1, IL1B, CCL4, TNF, and CCR2). CSF1 and CYBB may be potential biomarkers for MN progression, providing a perspective for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic targets of MN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingna Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunling Geng
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyi Tang
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zijing Cao
- Renal Research Institution of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
| | - Kezhen Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, China
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8
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Mohan C, Zhang T, Putterman C. Pathogenic cellular and molecular mediators in lupus nephritis. Nat Rev Nephrol 2023:10.1038/s41581-023-00722-z. [PMID: 37225921 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-023-00722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Kidney involvement in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus - lupus nephritis (LN) - is one of the most important and common clinical manifestations of this disease and occurs in 40-60% of patients. Current treatment regimens achieve a complete kidney response in only a minority of affected individuals, and 10-15% of patients with LN develop kidney failure, with its attendant morbidity and considerable prognostic implications. Moreover, the medications most often used to treat LN - corticosteroids in combination with immunosuppressive or cytotoxic drugs - are associated with substantial side effects. Advances in proteomics, flow cytometry and RNA sequencing have led to important new insights into immune cells, molecules and mechanistic pathways that are instrumental in the pathogenesis of LN. These insights, together with a renewed focus on the study of human LN kidney tissue, suggest new therapeutic targets that are already being tested in lupus animal models and early-phase clinical trials and, as such, are hoped to eventually lead to meaningful improvements in the care of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus-associated kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Ting Zhang
- Division of Rheumatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
- Division of Rheumatology and Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
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Nikolakis D, Garantziotis P, Sentis G, Fanouriakis A, Bertsias G, Frangou E, Nikolopoulos D, Banos A, Boumpas DT. Restoration of aberrant gene expression of monocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus via a combined transcriptome-reversal and network-based drug repurposing strategy. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:207. [PMID: 37072752 PMCID: PMC10114456 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09275-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monocytes -key regulators of the innate immune response- are actively involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We sought to identify novel compounds that might serve as monocyte-directed targeted therapies in SLE. RESULTS We performed mRNA sequencing in monocytes from 15 patients with active SLE and 10 healthy individuals. Disease activity was assessed with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2 K). Leveraging the drug repurposing platforms iLINCS, CLUE and L1000CDS2, we identified perturbagens capable of reversing the SLE monocyte signature. We identified transcription factors and microRNAs (miRNAs) that regulate the transcriptome of SLE monocytes, using the TRRUST and miRWalk databases, respectively. A gene regulatory network, integrating implicated transcription factors and miRNAs was constructed, and drugs targeting central components of the network were retrieved from the DGIDb database. Inhibitors of the NF-κB pathway, compounds targeting the heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), as well as a small molecule disrupting the Pim-1/NFATc1/NLRP3 signaling axis were predicted to efficiently counteract the aberrant monocyte gene signature in SLE. An additional analysis was conducted, to enhance the specificity of our drug repurposing approach on monocytes, using the iLINCS, CLUE and L1000CDS2 platforms on publicly available datasets from circulating B-lymphocytes, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, derived from SLE patients. Through this approach we identified, small molecule compounds, that could potentially affect more selectively the transcriptome of SLE monocytes, such as, certain NF-κB pathway inhibitors, Pim-1 and SYK kinase inhibitors. Furthermore, according to our network-based drug repurposing approach, an IL-12/23 inhibitor and an EGFR inhibitor may represent potential drug candidates in SLE. CONCLUSIONS Application of two independent - a transcriptome-reversal and a network-based -drug repurposing strategies uncovered novel agents that might remedy transcriptional disturbances of monocytes in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Nikolakis
- Amsterdam Institute for Gastroenterology Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Amsterdam Rheumatology & Immunology Center (ARC), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Onassis Foundation, Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Garantziotis
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - George Sentis
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Fanouriakis
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, 4th, Greece
- Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, "Laiko" General Hospital, Athens, Greece
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - George Bertsias
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical School, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology-FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Eleni Frangou
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Nephrology, Limassol General Hospital, Limassol, Cyprus
- Medical School, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Dionysis Nikolopoulos
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, 4th, Greece
| | - Aggelos Banos
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Boumpas
- Laboratory of Autoimmunity and Inflammation, Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
- Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, 4th, Greece.
- Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
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Karino K, Kono M, Takeyama S, Kudo Y, Kanda M, Abe N, Aso K, Fujieda Y, Kato M, Oku K, Amengual O, Atsumi T. Inhibitor of NF-κB Kinase Subunit ε Contributes to Neuropsychiatric Manifestations in Lupus-Prone Mice Through Microglial Activation. Arthritis Rheumatol 2023; 75:411-423. [PMID: 36098515 DOI: 10.1002/art.42352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by multiorgan dysfunction. Neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) occurs in 30-40% of lupus patients and is the most severe presentation of SLE, frequently resulting in limitation of daily life. Recent studies have shown that microglia, tissue-resident macrophages in the central nervous system, are involved in the pathogenesis of NPSLE. This study was undertaken to explore new therapeutic targets for NPSLE focusing on microglia. METHODS RNA sequencing of microglia in MRL/lpr, lupus-prone mice, as well as that of microglia cultured in vitro with cytokines were performed. A candidate gene, which could be a therapeutic target for NPSLE, was identified, and its role in microglial activation and phagocytosis was investigated using specific inhibitors and small interfering RNA. The effect of intracerebroventricular administration of the inhibitor on the behavioral abnormalities of MRL/lpr was also evaluated. RESULTS Transcriptome analysis revealed the up-regulation of Ikbke, which encodes the inhibitor of NF-κB kinase subunit ɛ (IKBKε) in both microglia from MRL/lpr mice and cytokine-stimulated microglia in vitro. Intracerebroventricular administration of an IKBKε inhibitor ameliorated cognitive function and suppressed microglial activation in MRL/lpr mice. Mechanistically, IKBKε inhibition reduced glycolysis, which dampened microglial activation and phagocytosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that IKBKε plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of NPSLE via microglial activation, and it could serve as a therapeutic target for NPSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Karino
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Michihito Kono
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Takeyama
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuki Kudo
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kanda
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Nobuya Abe
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Aso
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Fujieda
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaru Kato
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kenji Oku
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, and Department of Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Olga Amengual
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Atsumi
- Department of Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Xiang C, Li H, Tang W. Targeting CSF-1R represents an effective strategy in modulating inflammatory diseases. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106566. [PMID: 36423789 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), also known as FMS kinase, is a type I single transmembrane protein mainly expressed in myeloid cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, glial cells, and osteoclasts. The endogenous ligands, colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) and Interleukin-34 (IL-34), activate CSF-1R and downstream signaling pathways including PI3K-AKT, JAK-STATs, and MAPKs, and modulate the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and activation of target immune cells. Over the past decades, the promising therapeutic potential of CSF-1R signaling inhibition has been widely studied for decreasing immune suppression and escape in tumors, owing to depletion and reprogramming of tumor-associated macrophages. In addition, the excessive activation of CSF-1R in inflammatory diseases is consecutively uncovered in recent years, which may result in inflammation in bone, kidney, lung, liver and central nervous system. Agents against CSF-1R signaling have been increasingly investigated in preclinical or clinical studies for inflammatory diseases treatment. However, the pathological mechanism of CSF-1R in inflammation is indistinct and whether CSF-1R signaling can be identified as biomarkers remains controversial. With the background information aforementioned, this review focus on the dialectical roles of CSF-1R and its ligands in regulating innate immune cells and highlights various therapeutic implications of blocking CSF-1R signaling in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caigui Xiang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Heng Li
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Wei Tang
- Laboratory of Anti-inflammation and Immunopharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; School of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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Moore E, Huang MW, Reynolds CA, Macian F, Putterman C. Choroid Plexus-Infiltrating T Cells as Drivers of Murine Neuropsychiatric Lupus. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1796-1807. [PMID: 35637551 PMCID: PMC9825865 DOI: 10.1002/art.42252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE T cells are critical in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in that they secrete inflammatory cytokines, help autoantibody production, and form autoreactive memory T cells. Although the contribution of T cells to several forms of organ-mediated damage in SLE has been previously demonstrated, the role of T cells in neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE), which involves diffuse central nervous system manifestations and is observed in 20-40% of SLE patients, is not known. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate how behavioral deficits are altered after depletion or transfer of T cells, to directly assess the role of T cells in NPSLE. METHODS MRL/lpr mice, an NPSLE mouse model, were either systemically depleted of CD4+ T cells or intracerebroventricularly injected with choroid plexus (CP)-infiltrating T cells and subsequently evaluated for alterations in neuropsychiatric manifestations. Our study end points included evaluation of systemic disease and assessment of central nervous system changes. RESULTS Systemic depletion of CD4+ T cells ameliorated systemic disease and cognitive deficits. Intracerebroventricular injection of CP-infiltrating T cells exacerbated depressive-like behavior and worsened cognition in recipient mice compared with mice who received injection of splenic lupus T cells or phosphate buffered saline. Moreover, we observed enhanced activation in CP-infiltrating T cells when cocultured with brain lysate-pulsed dendritic cells in comparison to the activation levels observed in cocultures with splenic T cells. CONCLUSION T cells, and more specifically CP-infiltrating antigen-specific T cells, contributed to the pathogenesis of NPSLE in mice, indicating that, in the development of more targeted treatments for NPSLE, modulation of T cells may represent a potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Moore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of RheumatologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew York
| | - Michelle W. Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of RheumatologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew York
| | - Cara A. Reynolds
- Department of PathologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew York
| | - Fernando Macian
- Department of PathologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew York
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine of Bar‐Ilan University, Safed, Israel, Galilee Research Institute, Nahariya, Israel, and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of RheumatologyAlbert Einstein College of MedicineNew York
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13
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Jianing W, Jingyi X, Pingting Y. Neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus: Focusing on autoantibodies. J Autoimmun 2022; 132:102892. [PMID: 36030137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently suffer from nervous system complications, termed neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus (NPLE). NPLE accounts for the poor prognosis of SLE. Correct attribution of NP events to SLE is the primary principle in managing NPLE. The vascular injuries and neuroinflammation are the fundamental neuropathologic changes in NPLE. Specific autoantibody-mediated central nerve system (CNS) damages distinguish NPLE from other CNS disorders. Though the central antibodies in NPLE are generally thought to be raised from the periphery immune system, they may be produced in the meninges and choroid plexus. On this basis, abnormal activation of microglia and disease-associated microglia (DAM) should be the common mechanisms of NPLE and other CNS disturbances. Improved understanding of both characteristic and sharing features of NPLE might yield further options for managing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Jianing
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Jingyi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Pingting
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, 110001, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Wang M, Wang Z, Zhang S, Wu Y, Zhang L, Zhao J, Wang Q, Tian X, Li M, Zeng X. Progress in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Clin Med 2022; 11:4955. [PMID: 36078885 PMCID: PMC9456588 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11174955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) has a broad spectrum of subtypes with diverse severities and prognoses. Ischemic and inflammatory mechanisms, including autoantibodies and cytokine-mediated pathological processes, are key components of the pathogenesis of NPSLE. Additional brain-intrinsic elements (such as the brain barrier and resident microglia) are also important facilitators of NPSLE. An improving understanding of NPSLE may provide further options for managing this disease. The attenuation of neuropsychiatric disease in mouse models demonstrates the potential for novel targeted therapies. Conventional therapeutic algorithms include symptomatic, anti-thrombotic, and immunosuppressive agents that are only supported by observational cohort studies, therefore performing controlled clinical trials to guide further management is essential and urgent. In this review, we aimed to present the latest pathogenetic mechanisms of NPSLE and discuss the progress in its management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shangzhu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH), Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100730, China
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15
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Ding Y, Li H, Xu L, Wang Y, Yang H. Identification and Validation of Prognostic Biomarkers Specifically Expressed in Macrophage in IgA Nephropathy Patients Based on Integrated Bioinformatics Analyses. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:884588. [PMID: 35601837 PMCID: PMC9117719 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.884588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common type of primary glomerulonephritis worldwide and a frequent cause of end-stage renal disease. The inflammation cascade due to the infiltration and activation of immune cells in glomeruli plays an essential role in the progression of IgAN. In this study, we aimed to identify hub genes involved in immune infiltration and explore potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in IgAN. Methods: We combined the single-cell and bulk transcriptome profiles of IgAN patients and controls with clinical data. Through single-cell analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, and differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis in the bulk profile, we identified cell-type-specific potential hub genes in IgAN. Real hub genes were extracted via validation analysis and clinical significance analysis of the correlation between the expression levels of genes and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the external dataset. Gene set enrichment analysis was performed to predict the probable roles of the real hub genes in IgAN. Results: A total of eleven cell clusters were classified via single-cell analysis, among which macrophages showed a variable proportion between the IgAN and normal control samples. We recognized six functional co-expression gene modules through WGCNA, among which the black module was deemed an IgAN-related and immune-involving module via GO enrichment analysis. DEG analysis identified 45 potential hub genes from genes enriched in GO terms. A total of twenty-three potential hub genes were specifically expressed in macrophages. Furthermore, we validated the differential expression of the 23 potential hub genes in the external dataset and identified nine genes with prognostic significance as real hub genes, viz., CSF1R, CYBB, FPR3, GPR65, HCLS1, IL10RA, PLA2G7, TYROBP, and VSIG4. The real hub gens are thought to contribute to immune cell regulation, immunoreaction, and regulation of oxidative stress, cell proliferation, and material metabolism. Conclusion: In this study, we demonstrated that macrophages infiltrated the glomeruli and contributed to the inflammatory response in IgAN. Based on integrated bioinformatics analyses of single-cell and bulk transcriptome data, we highlighted nine genes as novel prognostic biomarkers, which may enable the development of innovative prognostic and therapeutic strategies for IgAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lichen Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yukun Wang
- Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiying Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huiying Yang,
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Wang W, Sun W, Gao X, Peng L, Lin L, Xiao K, Liu Y, Di X, Zhu S, Chen H, Zhou L. The preventive effects of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) inhibition on bladder outlet obstruction induced remodeling. Neurourol Urodyn 2022; 41:787-796. [PMID: 35170790 DOI: 10.1002/nau.24896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a common problem that can affect bladder structure and function. Currently, there is no effective drugs available to prevent BOO-induced remodeling. Previous reports have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of BOO is associated with macrophage infiltration and polarization, which is physiologically dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) activation. Here we utilized a highly selective CSF-1R inhibitor, GW2580, to determine its preventive effects on BOO-induced remodeling. METHODS A total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham, BOO + vehicle, and BOO + GW2580 group. GW2580 or vehicle control was administrated by oral gavage at daily doses of 40 mg/kg for 6 weeks. Bladder samples were collected for histopathology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting, and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that bladder fibrosis was ameliorated by GW2580 compared with the vehicle group (22.01% ± 5.13% vs. 32.15% ± 7.24%, p < 0.01). Furthermore, treatment with GW2580 induced an inhibition of macrophage infiltration (4.41% ± 1.28% vs. 13.57% ± 3.42%, p < 0.001) and M2 macrophage polarization (10.67% ± 4.15% vs. 28.59% ± 6.38%, p < 0.001). There was also a decrease of profibrotic F4/80+ α-smooth muscle actin+ (α-SMA+ ) macrophage to myofibroblast transition (9.11% ± 2.58% vs. 17.33% ± 4.01%, p < 0.001) and CD163+ TGF-β1+ cells (7.68% ± 2.10% vs. 14.17% ± 4.09%, p < 0.01) in the GW2580 group when compared with the vehicle group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our findings showed that GW2580 is a worthwhile candidate for a follow-up study to test in the treatment of BOO-induced remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjin Sun
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Gao
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liao Peng
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lede Lin
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaiwen Xiao
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingpeng Di
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huiling Chen
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- Laboratory of Reconstructive Urology, Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Lahimgarzadeh R, Vaseghi S, Nasehi M, Rouhollah F. Effect of multi-epitope derived from HIV-1 on REM sleep deprivation-induced spatial memory impairment with respect to the level of immune factors in mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:164-172. [PMID: 35655593 PMCID: PMC9124535 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.61175.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Sleep deprivation (SD) has a negative impact on cognitive functions including learning and memory. Many studies have shown that rapid-eye-movement (REM) SD also disrupts memory performance. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of multi-epitope Gag-Pol-Env-Tat derived from Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) on REM SD-induced spatial memory impairment with respect to the levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-17 (IL-17), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1), immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a), and lymphocyte proliferation in NMRI mice. We used multi-epitope Gag-Pol-Env-Tat derived from HIV-1 because Gag-Pol-Env-Tat immunogen sequence is one of the most sensitive immunogen sequences of HIV-1 that can significantly augment cellular and humoral immune systems, leading to the improvement of cognitive functions. Materials and Methods Morris water maze apparatus was used to assess spatial memory, and multi-platform apparatus was used to induce RSD for 24 hr. Multi-epitope derived from HIV-1 was subcutaneously injected at the dose of 20 µgr/ml, once and fourteen days before RSD. Results RSD impaired spatial memory and injection of multi-epitope derived from HIV-1 reversed this effect. RSD decreased IL-4, IgG1, and IgG2a levels, while multi-epitope derived from HIV-1 reversed these effects. Multi-epitope derived from HIV-1 also increased lymphocyte proliferation and decreased IL-17 levels in both control and RSD mice. Conclusion Multi-epitope derived from HIV-1 may improve memory performance via induction of anti-inflammatory immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Lahimgarzadeh
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salar Vaseghi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nasehi
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Institute for Cognitive Science Studies (ICSS), Tehran, Iran ,Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Amir-Almomenin Hospital, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rouhollah
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran ,Corresponding author: Fatemeh Rouhollah. Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-21-66402569; Fax: +98-21-66402569;
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Vanarsa K, Sasidharan P, Duran V, Gokaraju S, Nidhi M, Louis Sam Titus ASC, Soomro S, Stock AD, Der E, Putterman C, Greenberg B, Mok CC, Hanly JG, Mohan C. Aptamer-based screen of Neuropsychiatric Lupus cerebrospinal fluid reveals potential biomarkers that overlap with the choroid plexus transcriptome. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1223-1234. [PMID: 35099126 DOI: 10.1002/art.42080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As no gold-standard diagnostic test exists for neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), we executed a broad screen of NPSLE cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using an aptamer-based platform. METHODS CSF were obtained from NPSLE patients and subjected to proteomic assay using the aptamer-based screen. Potential biomarkers were identified and validated in independent NPSLE cohorts in comparison with other neurological diseases. RESULTS 40 proteins out of 1129 screened were elevated in NPSLE CSF. By ELISA validation, CSF Angiostatin, α2-Macroglobulin, DAN, Fibronectin, HCC-1, IgM, Lipocalin 2, M-CSF and SERPING1 were significantly elevated in a predominantly Caucasian NPSLE cohort (n=24), compared to patients with other neurological diseases (n=54), with CSF IgM (AUC=0.95) and M-CSF (AUC=0.91) being the most discriminatory. In a second, Hong Kong NPSLE cohort, CSF IgM (AUC=0.78) and Lipocalin-2 (AUC=0.85) were the most discriminatory. Several CSF proteins exhibited high diagnostic specificity for NPSLE in both cohorts. Elevated CSF C3 was associated with acute confusional state. Eleven molecules elevated in NPSLE CSF exhibited concordant elevation in the choroid plexus, suggesting shared origins. CONCLUSIONS CSF Lipocalin-2, M-CSF, IgM and complement C3 emerge as promising CSF biomarkers of NPSLE with diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamala Vanarsa
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Valeria Duran
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Sirisha Gokaraju
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Malavika Nidhi
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Sanam Soomro
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
| | | | - Evan Der
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY
| | | | | | | | - John G Hanly
- Division of Rheumatology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center and Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX
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19
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Chalmers SA, Ayilam Ramachandran R, Garcia SJ, Der E, Herlitz L, Ampudia J, Chu D, Jordan N, Zhang T, Parodis I, Gunnarsson I, Ding H, Shen N, Petri M, Mok CC, Saxena R, Polu KR, Connelly S, Ng CT, Mohan C, Putterman C. The CD6/ALCAM pathway promotes lupus nephritis via T cell-mediated responses. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e147334. [PMID: 34981775 PMCID: PMC8718154 DOI: 10.1172/jci147334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells are central to the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis (LN), a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CD6 and its ligand, activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), are involved in T cell activation and trafficking. Previously, we showed that soluble ALCAM is increased in urine (uALCAM) of patients with LN, suggesting that this pathway contributes to disease. To investigate, uALCAM was examined in 1038 patients with SLE and LN from 5 ethnically diverse cohorts; CD6 and ALCAM expression was assessed in LN kidney cells; and disease contribution was tested via antibody blockade of CD6 in murine models of SLE and acute glomerulonephritis. Extended cohort analysis offered resounding validation of uALCAM as a biomarker that distinguishes active renal involvement in SLE, irrespective of ethnicity. ALCAM was expressed by renal structural cells whereas CD6 expression was exclusive to T cells, with elevated numbers of CD6+ and ALCAM+ cells in patients with LN. CD6 blockade in models of spontaneous lupus and immune-complex glomerulonephritis revealed significant decreases in immune cells, inflammatory markers, and disease measures. Our data demonstrate the contribution of the CD6/ALCAM pathway to LN and SLE, supporting its use as a disease biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A. Chalmers
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | | | - Sayra J. Garcia
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Evan Der
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Leal Herlitz
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | | | - Nicole Jordan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ioannis Parodis
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iva Gunnarsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute and Department of Gastroenterology, Dermatology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huihua Ding
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Michelle Petri
- Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Ramesh Saxena
- Division of Nephrology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Research Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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20
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Cassidy MF, Herbert ZT, Moulton VR. Splicing factor SRSF1 controls distinct molecular programs in regulatory and effector T cells implicated in systemic autoimmune disease. Mol Immunol 2022; 141:94-103. [PMID: 34839165 PMCID: PMC10797198 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Systemic autoimmune diseases are characterized by hyperactive effector T cells (Teffs), aberrant cytokines and chemokines, and dysfunctional regulatory T cells (Tregs). We previously uncovered new roles for serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) in the control of genes involved in T cell signaling and cytokine production in human T cells. SRSF1 levels are decreased in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and low levels correlate with severe disease. Moreover, T cell-conditional Srsf1-deficient mice recapitulate the autoimmune phenotype, exhibiting CD4 T cell hyperactivity, dysfunctional Tregs, systemic autoimmunity, and tissue inflammation. However, the role of SRSF1 in controlling molecular programs in Teffs and Tregs and how these pathways are implicated in autoimmunity is not known. Here, by comparative bioinformatics analysis, we demonstrate that SRSF1 controls largely distinct gene programs in Tregs and Teffs in vivo. SRSF1 regulates 189 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) unique to Tregs, 582 DEGs unique to Teffs, and 29 DEGs shared between both. Shared genes included IL-17A, IL-17F, CSF1, CXCL10, and CXCR4, and were highly enriched for inflammatory response and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathways. SRSF1 controls distinct pathways in Tregs, which include chemokine signaling and immune cell differentiation, compared with pathways in Teffs, which include cytokine production, T cell homeostasis, and activation. We identified putative mRNA binding targets of SRSF1 which include CSF1, CXCL10, and IL-17F. Finally, comparisons with transcriptomics profiles from lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice reveal that SRSF1 controls genes and pathways implicated in autoimmune disease. The target genes of SRSF1 and putative binding targets we discovered, have known roles in systemic autoimmunity. Our findings suggest that SRSF1 controls distinct molecular pathways in Tregs and Teffs and aberrant SRSF1 levels may contribute to their dysfunction and immunopathogenesis of systemic autoimmune disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Cassidy
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Zachary T Herbert
- Molecular Biology Core Facilities at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vaishali R Moulton
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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21
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Soto-Diaz K, Vailati-Riboni M, Louie AY, McKim DB, Gaskins HR, Johnson RW, Steelman AJ. Treatment With the CSF1R Antagonist GW2580, Sensitizes Microglia to Reactive Oxygen Species. Front Immunol 2021; 12:734349. [PMID: 34899694 PMCID: PMC8664563 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.734349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microglia activation and proliferation are hallmarks of many neurodegenerative disorders and may contribute to disease pathogenesis. Neurons actively regulate microglia survival and function, in part by secreting the microglia mitogen interleukin (IL)-34. Both IL-34 and colony stimulating factor (CSF)-1 bind colony stimulating factor receptor (CSFR)1 expressed on microglia. Systemic treatment with central nervous system (CNS) penetrant, CSFR1 antagonists, results in microglia death in a dose dependent matter, while others, such as GW2580, suppress activation during disease states without altering viability. However, it is not known how treatment with non-penetrant CSF1R antagonists, such as GW2580, affect the normal physiology of microglia. To determine how GW2580 affects microglia function, C57BL/6J mice were orally gavaged with vehicle or GW2580 (80mg/kg/d) for 8 days. Body weights and burrowing behavior were measured throughout the experiment. The effects of GW2580 on circulating leukocyte populations, brain microglia morphology, and the transcriptome of magnetically isolated adult brain microglia were determined. Body weights, burrowing behavior, and circulating leukocytes were not affected by treatment. Analysis of Iba-1 stained brain microglia indicated that GW2580 treatment altered morphology, but not cell number. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data indicated that genes related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation and survival were suppressed by treatment. Treatment of primary microglia cultures with GW2580 resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in viability only when the cells were concurrently treated with LPS, an inducer of ROS. Pre-treatment with the ROS inhibitor, YCG063, blocked treatment induced reductions in viability. Finally, GW2580 sensitized microglia to hydrogen peroxide induced cell death. Together, these data suggest that partial CSF1R antagonism may render microglia more susceptible to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiria Soto-Diaz
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Mario Vailati-Riboni
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Allison Y Louie
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Daniel B McKim
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - H Rex Gaskins
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Rodney W Johnson
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Andrew J Steelman
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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22
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Murakami Y, Fukui R, Tanaka R, Motoi Y, Kanno A, Sato R, Yamaguchi K, Amano H, Furukawa Y, Suzuki H, Suzuki Y, Tamura N, Yamashita N, Miyake K. Anti-TLR7 Antibody Protects Against Lupus Nephritis in NZBWF1 Mice by Targeting B Cells and Patrolling Monocytes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:777197. [PMID: 34868046 PMCID: PMC8632649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.777197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production and multiple organ damage. Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), an innate immune RNA sensor expressed in monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), and B cells, promotes disease progression. However, little is known about the cellular mechanisms through which TLR7 drives lupus nephritis. Here, we show that the anti-mouse TLR7 mAb, but not anti-TLR9 mAb, protected lupus-prone NZBWF1 mice from nephritis. The anti-TLR7 mAb reduced IgG deposition in glomeruli by inhibiting the production of autoantibodies to the RNA-associated antigens. We found a disease-associated increase in Ly6Clow patrolling monocytes that expressed high levels of TLR7 and had upregulated expression of lupus-associated IL-10, CD115, CD31, and TNFSF15 in NZBWF1 mice. Anti-TLR7 mAb abolished this lupus-associated increase in patrolling monocytes in the circulation, spleen, and glomeruli. These results suggested that TLR7 drives autoantibody production and lupus-associated monocytosis in NZBWF1 mice and, that anti-TLR7 mAb is a promising therapeutic tool targeting B cells and monocytes/macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Murakami
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Fukui
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reika Tanaka
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuji Motoi
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuo Kanno
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Sato
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yamaguchi
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Amano
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichi Furukawa
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Suzuki
- Department of Nephrology, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoto Tamura
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naomi Yamashita
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Division of Innate Immunity, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Center for Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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23
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Huang MW, Stock AD, Putterman C. CXCL13 Neutralization Attenuates Neuropsychiatric Manifestations in Lupus-Prone Mice. Front Immunol 2021; 12:763065. [PMID: 34868008 PMCID: PMC8633419 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.763065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE), the nervous system presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), remains challenging to treat due to its unclear pathogenesis and lack of available targeted therapies. A potential contributor to disease progression is brain tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS); these ectopic lymphoid follicles that can develop tissue-targeted antibodies have recently been described in the MRL/lpr lupus mouse strain, a classic model for studying NPSLE. The brains of MRL/lpr mice show a significant increase of CXCL13, an important chemokine in lymphoid follicle formation and retention that may also play a role in the disease progression of NPSLE. The aim of the present study was to inhibit CXCL13 and examine the effect of this intervention on lymphoid formation and the development of neurobehavioral manifestations in lupus mice. Female MRL/lpr mice were injected with an anti-CXCL13 antibody, an IgG1 isotype-matched antibody, or PBS either three times a week for 12 weeks intraperitoneally (IP) starting at 6-8 weeks of age, or continuously intracerebroventricularly (ICV) with an osmotic pump over a two-week period starting at 15 weeks of age. Cognitive dysfunction and depression-like behavior were assessed at the end of treatment. When treatment was delivered IP, anti-CXCL13 treated mice showed significant improvement in cognitive function when compared to control treated mice. Depression-like behavior was attenuated as well. Furthermore, mice that received anti-CXCL13 by the ICV route showed similar beneficial effects. However, the extent of lymphocyte infiltration into the brain and the general composition of the aggregates were not substantively changed by anti-CXCL13 irrespective of the mode of administration. Nevertheless, analysis of brain gene expression in anti-CXCL13 treated mice showed significant differences in key immunological and neuro-inflammatory pathways that most likely explained the improvement in the behavioral phenotype. Our results indicate that CXCL13 affects the behavioral manifestations in the MRL/lpr strain and is important to the pathogenesis of murine NPSLE, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle W Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Ariel D Stock
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Zefat, Israel.,Galilee Medical Center Research Institute, Nahariya, Israel
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24
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Poulen G, Aloy E, Bringuier CM, Mestre-Francés N, Artus EV, Cardoso M, Perez JC, Goze-Bac C, Boukhaddaoui H, Lonjon N, Gerber YN, Perrin FE. Inhibiting microglia proliferation after spinal cord injury improves recovery in mice and nonhuman primates. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:8640-8659. [PMID: 34522204 PMCID: PMC8419033 DOI: 10.7150/thno.61833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
No curative treatment is available for any deficits induced by spinal cord injury (SCI). Following injury, microglia undergo highly diverse activation processes, including proliferation, and play a critical role on functional recovery. In a translational objective, we investigated whether a transient pharmacological reduction of microglia proliferation after injury is beneficial for functional recovery after SCI in mice and nonhuman primates. Methods: The colony stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) regulates proliferation, differentiation, and survival of microglia. We orally administrated GW2580, a CSF1R inhibitor that inhibits microglia proliferation. In mice and nonhuman primates, we then analyzed treatment outcomes on locomotor function and spinal cord pathology. Finally, we used cell-specific transcriptomic analysis to uncover GW2580-induced molecular changes in microglia. Results: First, transient post-injury GW2580 administration in mice improves motor function recovery, promotes tissue preservation and/or reorganization (identified by coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering microscopy), and modulates glial reactivity. Second, post-injury GW2580-treatment in nonhuman primates reduces microglia proliferation, improves motor function recovery, and promotes tissue protection. Finally, GW2580-treatment in mice induced down-regulation of proliferation-associated transcripts and inflammatory associated genes in microglia that may account for reduced neuroinflammation and improved functional recovery following SCI. Conclusion: Thus, a transient oral GW2580 treatment post-injury may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for SCI patients and may also be extended to other central nervous system disorders displaying microglia activation.
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25
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Tissue-resident macrophages mediate neutrophil recruitment and kidney injury in shiga toxin-induced hemolytic uremic syndrome. Kidney Int 2021; 100:349-363. [PMID: 33930412 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli cause major epidemics worldwide with significant organ damage and very high percentages of death. Due to the ability of enterohaemorrhagic E. coli to produce shiga toxin these bacteria damage the kidney leading to the hemolytic uremic syndrome. A therapy against this serious kidney disease has not been developed yet and the impact and mechanism of leukocyte activation and recruitment are unclear. Tissue-resident macrophages represent the main leukocyte population in the healthy kidney, but the role of this important cell population in shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome is incompletely understood. Using state of the art microscopy and mass spectrometry imaging, our preclinical study demonstrated a phenotypic and functional switch of tissue-resident macrophages after disease induction in mice. Kidney macrophages produced the inflammatory molecule TNFα and depletion of tissue-resident macrophages via the CSF1 receptor abolished TNFα levels in the kidney and significantly diminished disease severity. Furthermore, macrophage depletion did not only attenuate endothelial damage and thrombocytopenia, but also activation of thrombocytes and neutrophils. Moreover, we observed that neutrophils infiltrated the kidney cortex and depletion of macrophages significantly reduced the recruitment of neutrophils and expression of the neutrophil-attracting chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL2. Intravital microscopy revealed that inhibition of CXCR2, the receptor for CXCL1 and CXCL2, significantly reduced the infiltration of neutrophils and reduced kidney injury. Thus, our study shows activation of tissue-resident macrophages during shiga toxin-producing E. coli-hemolytic uremic syndrome leading to the production of disease-promoting TNFα and CXCR2-dependent recruitment of neutrophils.
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26
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Zarfeshani A, Carroll KR, Volpe BT, Diamond B. Cognitive Impairment in SLE: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2021; 23:25. [PMID: 33782842 PMCID: PMC11207197 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-021-00992-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) suffer from cognitive dysfunction (CD) which severely impacts their quality of life. However, CD remains underdiagnosed and poorly understood. Here, we discuss current findings in patients and in animal models. Strong evidence suggests that CD pathogenesis involves known mechanisms of tissue injury in SLE. These mechanisms recruit brain resident cells, in particular microglia, into the pathological process. While systemic immune activation is critical to central nervous system injury, the current focus of therapy is the microglial cell and not the systemic immune perturbation. Further studies are critical to examine additional potential therapeutic targets and more specific treatments based on the cause and progress of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Zarfeshani
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Kaitlin R Carroll
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Bruce T Volpe
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA
| | - Betty Diamond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY, 11030, USA.
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27
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Clinical Features and Outcomes of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in China. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:1349042. [PMID: 33532504 PMCID: PMC7834780 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1349042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the clinical characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, and prognostic factors of neuropsychiatric (NP) systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE; NPSLE) in a relatively large patient series in China. Methods Data of patients with NPSLE at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) were collected retrospectively from June 2012 to June 2016. NPSLE patients were compared with 220 non-NPSLE patients. Survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards modeling. Cranial MRI results were also studied. Results Of the 194 included patients, sixteen subtypes of NPSLE were identified, and the most common manifestations were seizure (36.6%), acute confusional state (25.3%), and cerebral vascular disease (15.5%). Compared with the non-NPSLE group, NPSLE patients were significantly more likely to have typical lupus symptoms, higher Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) scores (P = 0.002), and positive rate of anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies (P = 0.008). Patients with seizure were more likely to have higher SLEDAI-2K scores and positive anti-β2GP1 than non-NPSLE patients. Sixteen patients died during follow-up. The most common cause of death was infection (37.5%). NPSLE significantly decreased survival rates of SLE patients. Patients with elevated serum creatinine (P = 0.001), hypocomplementemia (P = 0.031), and SLEDAI - 2K scores ≥ 15 (P = 0.014) had shorter survival periods. Eighty-two patients underwent detailed cranial MRI analysis; of these, 50 (61.0%) had abnormal results. Small vessel disease was the most common abnormal finding, followed by inflammatory-like lesions and large vessel disease. Conclusions High disease activity and positive rate of anti-ribosomal P protein antibodies may be risk factors for NPSLE. NPSLE decreases survival rates of SLE patients. Renal insufficiency and high disease activity are predictive of poor prognoses for NPSLE patients.
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28
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Chalmers SA, Garcia SJ, Webb D, Herlitz L, Fine J, Klein E, Ramanujam M, Putterman C. BTK inhibition modulates multiple immune cell populations involved in the pathogenesis of immune mediated nephritis. Clin Immunol 2020; 223:108640. [PMID: 33296718 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a serious end organ complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. Nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN) is an inducible model of LN, which utilizes passive transfer of pre-formed nephrotoxic antibodies to initiate disease. In previous studies, we demonstrated that the Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, BI-BTK-1, prevents the development of nephritis in NTN when treatment was started prior to nephrotoxic serum transfer, and reverses established proteinuria as well. We manipulated the initiation and duration of BI-BTK-1 therapy in NTN to study its delayed therapeutic effects when treatment is given later in the disease course, as well as to further understand what effect BI-BTK-1 is having to prevent initiation of nephritis with early treatment. Early treatment and remission induction each correlated with decreased inflammatory macrophages, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, and decreased B220+ B cells. Additionally, an increased proportion of resident macrophages within the CD45+ population favored a delay of disease onset and remission induction. We also studied the cellular processes involved in reactivation of nephritis by withdrawing BI-BTK-1 treatment at different time points. Treatment cessation led to either early or later onset of renal flares inversely dependent on the initial duration of BTK inhibition, as assessed by increased proteinuria and BUN levels and worse renal pathology. These flares were associated with an increase in kidney CD45+ infiltrates, including myeloid cell populations. IL-6, CD14, and CCL2 were also increased in mice developing late flares. These analyses point to the role of macrophages as an important contributor to the pathogenesis of immune mediated nephritis, and further support the therapeutic potential of BTK inhibition in this disease and related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Chalmers
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Sayra J Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America
| | - Deborah Webb
- Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT, United States of America
| | - Leal Herlitz
- Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Jay Fine
- Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT, United States of America
| | - Elliott Klein
- Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT, United States of America
| | - Meera Ramanujam
- Immunology and Respiratory Disease Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT, United States of America
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States of America; Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Zefat, Israel; Research Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel.
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Nocito C, Lubinsky C, Hand M, Khan S, Patel T, Seliga A, Winfield M, Zuluaga-Ramirez V, Fernandes N, Shi X, Unterwald EM, Persidsky Y, Sriram U. Centrally Acting Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Suppresses Type I Interferon Responses and Decreases Inflammation in the Periphery and the CNS in Lupus-Prone Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:573677. [PMID: 33042154 PMCID: PMC7522287 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.573677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ damage. Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) is one of the most common manifestations of human SLE, often causing depression. Interferon-α (IFNα) is a central mediator in disease pathogenesis. Administration of IFNα to patients with chronic viral infections or cancers causes depressive symptoms. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is part of the kallikrein-kinin/renin-angiotensin (KKS/RAS) system that regulates many physiological processes, including inflammation, and brain functions. It is known that ACE degrades bradykinin (BK) into inactive peptides. We have previously shown in an in vitro model of mouse bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells that captopril (a centrally acting ACE inhibitor-ACEi) suppressed Type I IFN responsive gene (IRG) expression. In this report, we used the MRL/lpr lupus-prone mouse model, an established model to study NPSLE, to determine the in vivo effects of captopril on Type I IFN and associated immune responses in the periphery and brain and effects on behavior. Administering captopril to MRL/lpr mice decreased expression of IRGs in brain, spleen and kidney, decreased circulating and tissue IFNα levels, decreased microglial activation (IBA-1 expression) and reduced depressive-like behavior. Serotonin levels that are decreased in depression were increased by captopril treatment. Captopril also reduced autoantibody levels in plasma and immune complex deposition in kidney and brain. Thus, ACEi's may have potential for therapeutic use for systemic and NPSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Nocito
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Cody Lubinsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Michelle Hand
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Sabeeya Khan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tulsi Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Alecia Seliga
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Malika Winfield
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Viviana Zuluaga-Ramirez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicole Fernandes
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiangdang Shi
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ellen M Unterwald
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yuri Persidsky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Uma Sriram
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Green KN, Crapser JD, Hohsfield LA. To Kill a Microglia: A Case for CSF1R Inhibitors. Trends Immunol 2020; 41:771-784. [PMID: 32792173 PMCID: PMC7484341 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Microglia, the brain's immune sentinels, have garnered much attention in recent years. Researchers have begun to identify the manifold roles that these cells play in the central nervous system (CNS), and this work has been greatly facilitated by microglial depletion paradigms. The varying degrees of spatiotemporal manipulation afforded by such techniques allow microglial ablation before, during, and/or following insult, injury, or disease. We review the major methods of microglial depletion, including toxin-based, genetic, and pharmacological approaches, which differ in key factors including depletion onset, duration, and off-target effects. We conclude that pharmacological CSF1R inhibitors afford the most extensive versatility in manipulating microglia, making them ideal candidates for future studies investigating microglial function in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim N Green
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Joshua D Crapser
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lindsay A Hohsfield
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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Gul M, Azari Jafari A, Shah M, Mirmoeeni S, Haider SU, Moinuddin S, Chaudhry A. Molecular Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis and Its Related Disorders: A Critical Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6020. [PMID: 32825639 PMCID: PMC7547375 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS) which can lead to severe disability. Several diseases can mimic the clinical manifestations of MS. This can often lead to a prolonged period that involves numerous tests and investigations before a definitive diagnosis is reached. As well as the possibility of misdiagnosis. Molecular biomarkers can play a unique role in this regard. Molecular biomarkers offer a unique view into the CNS disorders. They help us understand the pathophysiology of disease as well as guiding our diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic approaches in CNS disorders. This review highlights the most prominent molecular biomarkers found in the literature with respect to MS and its related disorders. Based on numerous recent clinical and experimental studies, we demonstrate that several molecular biomarkers could very well aid us in differentiating MS from its related disorders. The implications of this work will hopefully serve clinicians and researchers alike, who regularly deal with MS and its related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Gul
- Precision Rheumatology INC, 2050 South Euclid Street, Anaheim, CA 92802, USA
| | - Amirhossein Azari Jafari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 3614773947, Iran; (A.A.J.); (S.M.)
| | - Muffaqam Shah
- Deccan College of Medical Sciences, P.O. Kanchanbagh, DMRL ‘X’ Road, Santhosh Nagar, Hyderabad 500058, Telangana State, India;
| | - Seyyedmohammadsadeq Mirmoeeni
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud 3614773947, Iran; (A.A.J.); (S.M.)
| | - Safee Ullah Haider
- Shaikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Medical College, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Sadia Moinuddin
- Department of Internal Medicine, San Antonio Regional Medical Center, 999 San Bernardino Rd, Upland, CA 91786, USA;
| | - Ammar Chaudhry
- Department of Radiology, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA;
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Deng X, Yang Q, Wang Y, Zhou C, Guo Y, Hu Z, Liao W, Xu G, Zeng R. CSF-1R inhibition attenuates ischemia-induced renal injury and fibrosis by reducing Ly6C + M2-like macrophage infiltration. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 88:106854. [PMID: 32771945 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression has become a life-threatening disease. However, an effective therapeuticstrategyis still needed. The pathophysiology of AKI-to-CKD progression involves chronic inflammation and renal fibrosis driven by macrophage activation, which is physiologically dependent on colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) signaling. In this study, we modulated macrophage infiltration through oral administration of the CSF-1R inhibitor GW2580 in an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced AKI model to evaluate its therapeutic effects on preventing the progression of AKI to CKD. We found that GW2580 induced a significant reduction in the number of macrophages in I/R-injured kidneys and attenuated I/R-induced renal injury and subsequent interstitial fibrosis. By flow cytometry, we observed that the reduced macrophages were primarily Ly6C+ inflammatory macrophages in the GW2580-treated kidneys, while there was no significant difference in the number and percentage of Ly6C-CX3CR1+ macrophages. We further found that these reduced macrophages also demonstrated some characteristics of M2-like macrophages, which have been generally regarded as profibrotic subtypes in chronic inflammation. These results indicate the existence of phenotypic and functional crossover between Ly6C+ and M2-like macrophages in I/R kidneys, which induces AKI worsening to CKD. In conclusion, therapeutic GW2580 treatment alleviates acute renal injury and subsequent fibrosis by reducing Ly6C+ M2-like macrophage infiltration in ischemia-induced AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Deng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Zhizhi Hu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Wenhui Liao
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Gang Xu
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
| | - Rui Zeng
- Division of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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Abstract
PROPOSE OF REVIEW Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) is an emerging frontier in lupus care encompassing a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood because of the complexity of pathophysiologic mechanisms involved and limited access to tissue. We highlight recent advances in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric lupus. RECENT FINDINGS Disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) facilitating entrance of neurotoxic antibodies into the central nervous system (CNS), neuroinflammation and cerebral ischemia are the key mechanisms. Disruption of the BBB may occur not only at the traditional BBB, but also at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. Certain autoantibodies, such as anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, antiribosomal P and antiphospholipid antibodies may cause injury in subsets of patients with diffuse neuropsychiatric disease. Activation of microglia via autoantibodies, interferon-a or other immune reactants, may amplify the inflammatory response and promote neuronal damage. New inflammatory pathways, such as TWEAK/Fn14, Bruton's tyrosine kinase, Nogo-a and ACE may represent additional potential targets of therapy. Novel neuroimaging techniques suggest alterations in brain perfusion and metabolism, increased concentration of neurometabolites, indicative of glial activation, vasculopathy and neuronal impairment. SUMMARY NPSLE encompasses a diverse phenotype with distinct pathogenic mechanisms, which could be targeted by novel therapies or repositioning of existing drugs.
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Podmolíková L, Mukanyangezi MF, Dahlqvist AJ, Naluai ÅT, Ny L, Giglio D. Radiation of the urinary bladder attenuates the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced cystitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106334. [PMID: 32179244 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we assessed how ionizing radiation affects TLR4-stimulated immune activation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cystitis. LPS or saline was administered intravesically to female rats followed by urinary bladder irradiation (20 Gy) 24 h later or sham treatment. Presence in the urinary bladder of inflammatory cells (mast cells, CD3+, ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1)+, CD68+, CD40+, CD80+, CD11c + and CD206 + cells) and expression of oxidative stress (8-OHdG), hypoxia (HIF1α) and anti-oxidative responses (NRF2, HO-1, SOD1, SOD2, catalase) were assessed 14 days later with western blot, qPCR and/or immunohistochemistry. LPS stimulation resulted in a decrease of Iba-1 + cells in the urothelium, an increase in mast cells in the submucosa and a decrease in the bladder protein expression of HO-1, while no changes in the bladder expression of 8-OHdG, NRF2, SOD1, SOD2, catalase and HIF1α were observed. Bladder irradiation inhibited the LPS-driven increase in mast cells and the decrease in Iba1 + cells. Combining LPS and radiation increased the expression of 8-OHdG and number of CD3-positive cells in the urothelium and led to a decrease in NRF2α gene expression in the urinary bladder. In conclusion, irradiation may attenuate LPS-induced immune responses in the urinary bladder but potentiates LPS-induced oxidative stress, which as a consequence may have an impact on the urinary bladder immune sensing of pathogens and danger signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Podmolíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Annika Janina Dahlqvist
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Åsa Torinsson Naluai
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Ny
- Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Daniel Giglio
- Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Sabogal-Guáqueta AM, Marmolejo-Garza A, de Pádua VP, Eggen B, Boddeke E, Dolga AM. Microglia alterations in neurodegenerative diseases and their modeling with human induced pluripotent stem cell and other platforms. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 190:101805. [PMID: 32335273 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the main innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Unlike neurons and glial cells, which derive from ectoderm, microglia migrate early during embryo development from the yolk-sac, a mesodermal-derived structure. Microglia regulate synaptic pruning during development and induce or modulate inflammation during aging and chronic diseases. Microglia are sensitive to brain injuries and threats, altering their phenotype and function to adopt a so-called immune-activated state in response to any perceived threat to the CNS integrity. Here, we present a short overview on the role of microglia in human neurodegenerative diseases and provide an update on the current model systems to study microglia, including cell lines, iPSC-derived microglia with an emphasis in their transcriptomic profile and integration into 3D brain organoids. We present various strategies to model and study their role in neurodegeneration providing a relevant platform for the development of novel and more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica María Sabogal-Guáqueta
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, section Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area-School of Medicine, SIU, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Marmolejo-Garza
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, section Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Vítor Passos de Pádua
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands; Neurology Department, Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bart Eggen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, section Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Boddeke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells & Systems, section Molecular Neurobiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Amalia M Dolga
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Behavioral and Cognitive Neurosciences (BCN), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Makinde HM, Winter DR, Procissi D, Mike EV, Stock AD, Kando MJ, Gadhvi GT, Droho S, Bloomfield CL, Dominguez ST, Mayr MG, Lavine JA, Putterman C, Cuda CM. A Novel Microglia-Specific Transcriptional Signature Correlates With Behavioral Deficits in Neuropsychiatric Lupus. Front Immunol 2020; 11:230. [PMID: 32174913 PMCID: PMC7055359 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (NP-SLE) affect over one-half of SLE patients, yet underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We demonstrate that SLE-prone mice (CReCOM) develop NP-SLE, including behavioral deficits prior to systemic autoimmunity, reduced brain volumes, decreased vascular integrity, and brain-infiltrating leukocytes. NP-SLE microglia exhibit numerical expansion, increased synaptic uptake, and a more metabolically active phenotype. Microglia from multiple SLE-prone models express a "NP-SLE signature" unrelated to type I interferon. Rather, the signature is associated with lipid metabolism, scavenger receptor activity and downregulation of inflammatory and chemotaxis processes, suggesting a more regulatory, anti-inflammatory profile. NP-SLE microglia also express genes associated with disease-associated microglia (DAM), a subset of microglia thought to be instrumental in neurodegenerative diseases. Further, expression of "NP-SLE" and "DAM" signatures correlate with the severity of behavioral deficits in young SLE-prone mice prior to overt systemic disease. Our data are the first to demonstrate the predictive value of our newly identified microglia-specific "NP-SLE" and "DAM" signatures as a surrogate for NP-SLE clinical outcomes and suggests that microglia-intrinsic defects precede contributions from systemic SLE for neuropsychiatric manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadijat M Makinde
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Deborah R Winter
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Daniele Procissi
- Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Elise V Mike
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Ariel D Stock
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Mary J Kando
- Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Gaurav T Gadhvi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Steven Droho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Christina L Bloomfield
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Salina T Dominguez
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maximilian G Mayr
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeremy A Lavine
- Department of Ophthalmology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY, United States.,Research Division, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine and Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Carla M Cuda
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
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Schwartz N, Stock AD, Putterman C. Neuropsychiatric lupus: new mechanistic insights and future treatment directions. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2020; 15:137-152. [PMID: 30659245 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-018-0156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently show symptoms of central nervous system (CNS) involvement, termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). The CNS manifestations of SLE are diverse and have a broad spectrum of severity and prognostic implications. Patients with NPSLE typically present with nonspecific symptoms, such as headache and cognitive impairment, but might also experience devastating features, such as memory loss, seizures and stroke. Some features of NPSLE, in particular those related to coagulopathy, have been characterized and an evidence-based treatment algorithm is available. The cognitive and affective manifestations of NPSLE, however, remain poorly understood. Various immune effectors have been evaluated as contributors to its pathogenesis, including brain-reactive autoantibodies, cytokines and cell-mediated inflammation. Additional brain-intrinsic elements (such as resident microglia, the blood-brain barrier and other neurovascular interfaces) are important facilitators of NPSLE. As yet, however, no unifying model has been found to underlie the pathogenesis of NPSLE, suggesting that this disease has multiple contributors and perhaps several distinct aetiologies. This heterogeneity presents a challenge for clinicians who have traditionally relied on empirical judgement in choosing treatment modalities for patients with NPSLE. Improved understanding of this manifestation of SLE might yield further options for managing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Schwartz
- Division of Rheumatology, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ariel D Stock
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA.
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38
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Scindia Y, Wlazlo E, Ghias E, Cechova S, Loi V, Leeds J, Ledesma J, Helen C, Swaminathan S. Modulation of iron homeostasis with hepcidin ameliorates spontaneous murine lupus nephritis. Kidney Int 2020; 98:100-115. [PMID: 32444136 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis is the end organ manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Iron metabolism and its master regulator, hepcidin, are known to regulate cell proliferation and inflammation, but their direct role in the pathophysiology of lupus nephritis remains under-investigated. Exogenous hepcidin reduced the severity of lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice, a preclinical model of spontaneous systemic lupus erythematosus without worsening anemia of inflammation. Hepcidin treatment reduced renal iron accumulation, systemic and intrarenal cytokines, and renal immune cell infiltration, independent of glomerular immune complex deposits and circulating autoantibodies. Hepcidin increased renal H-ferritin (a ferroxidase), reduced expression of free iron dependent DNA synthesis enzymes, Ribonucleotide Reductase 1 and 2, and intra-renal macrophage proliferation. These findings were recapitulated in vitro upon treatment of macrophages with hepcidin and murine colony stimulation factor-1. Furthermore, hepcidin-treated macrophages secreted less IL-1β and IL-6 upon stimulation with the TLR3 agonist polyinosine-polycytidylic acid. Of clinical relevance, hepcidin reduced progression and severity of nephritis in old mice with established systemic autoimmunity and overt proteinuria, highlighting its therapeutic potential. Thus, our findings provide a proof-of-concept that targeting cellular iron metabolism with hepcidin represents a promising therapeutic strategy in lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Scindia
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
| | - Ewa Wlazlo
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Elizabeth Ghias
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Sylvia Cechova
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Valentina Loi
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Joseph Leeds
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Jonathan Ledesma
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Cathro Helen
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Sundararaman Swaminathan
- Division of Nephrology, Center for Immunity, Inflammation and Regeneration, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
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Hirose S, Lin Q, Ohtsuji M, Nishimura H, Verbeek JS. Monocyte subsets involved in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunol 2019; 31:687-696. [PMID: 31063541 PMCID: PMC6794944 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMonocytes are evolutionally conserved innate immune cells that play essential roles for the protection of the host against pathogens and also produce several inflammatory cytokines. Thus, the aberrant functioning of monocytes may affect not only host defense but also the development of inflammatory diseases. Monocytes are a heterogeneous population with phenotypical and functional differences. Most recent studies have shown that monocytes are divided into three subsets, namely classical, intermediate and non-classical subsets, both in humans and mice. Accumulating evidence showed that monocyte activation is associated with the disease progression in autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it remains to be determined how monocytes contribute to the disease process and which subset is involved. In this review, we discuss the pathogenic role of monocyte subsets in SLE and RA on the basis of current studies by ourselves and others to shed light on the suitability of monocyte-targeted therapies in these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Hirose
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Kurogane-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Qingshun Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Kurogane-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mareki Ohtsuji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Kurogane-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishimura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Kurogane-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - J Sjef Verbeek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Toin University of Yokohama, Kurogane-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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40
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Alekseeva OS, Kirik OV, Gilerovich EG, Korzhevskii DE. Microglia of the Brain: Origin, Structure, Functions. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s002209301904001x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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41
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Huang MW, Stock AD, Mike EV, Herlitz L, Kolbeck R, Putterman C. Anti-IFNAR treatment does not reverse neuropsychiatric disease in MRL/ lpr lupus mice. Lupus 2019; 28:1510-1523. [PMID: 31474191 DOI: 10.1177/0961203319872265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many systemic lupus erythematosus patients display a type I interferon (IFN) signature, and IFNα levels positively correlate with disease severity. Previous studies blocking the type I IFN pathway systemically in lupus models showed some beneficial effects. However, its effects on neuropsychiatric manifestations have yet to be carefully assessed, even though IFNα has been associated with induction of depression. Our aim was to investigate whether disrupting the type I IFN pathway would attenuate the development of murine neuropsychiatric lupus. METHODS Female MRL/lpr mice were administered an antitype I IFN receptor (IFNAR) antibody or a control antibody intraperitoneally three times weekly for 12 weeks starting at age 4-5 weeks. Behavior was assessed during and at the end of the treatment schedule. RESULTS No significant differences were seen between the anti-IFNAR- and control-treated mice when assessing for depression-like behavior or cognitive dysfunction, although anti-IFNAR antibody-treated mice displayed significant decreases in levels of IFN-stimulated genes. Anti-IFNAR treatment also did not significantly improve brain histology, cellular infiltration, or blood-brain barrier integrity. CONCLUSIONS Surprisingly, our results showed no improvement in neuropsychiatric disease and suggest that the role of IFNAR signaling in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric lupus continues to need to be carefully assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - A D Stock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - E V Mike
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - L Herlitz
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - R Kolbeck
- Research and Early Development, Respiratory, Inflammation and Autoimmune, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - C Putterman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.,Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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42
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Urine macrophages reflect kidney macrophage content during acute tubular interstitial and glomerular injury. Clin Immunol 2019; 205:65-74. [PMID: 31212026 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage polarization is a major contributing factor in acute kidney injury (AKI). We aim to determine its biomarker value in differentiating etiologic causes of various intrinsic renal AKI. A total of 205 patients with renal intrinsic AKI were enrolled. Urinary sCD163 was quantified and macrophage subtypes in urine and in renal biopsy were determined. Compared to healthy controls and AKI due to interstitial or tubular injuries (0 pg/μmol), urinary sCD163 was markedly higher in glomerulopathy, especially in diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (275.5 pg/μmol) and significantly correlated with cellular crescent formation. Urine sediment analysis of M1/M2 ratio could differentiate acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (M1/M2 > 2.35) from crescentic glomerulonephritis (M1/M2 < 0.27). Urinary sCD163 levels and M2 subtype positively correlated with infiltrated M2 in the glomeruli, whereas urine M1 positively correlated with infiltrated M1 in the interstitium. Of note, urinary sCD163 showed better diagnositic performance in differentiating disease etiologies compared to tradiational urinary biomarkers of AKI (NGAL and KIM-1) and markers of myeloid cells (CD11b) and pan macrophages (CD68). Thus markers of macrophage polarization could be viewed as the noninvasive "liquid biopsy" in the presence of various intrinsic kidney diseases.
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Kuriakose J, Redecke V, Guy C, Zhou J, Wu R, Ippagunta SK, Tillman H, Walker PD, Vogel P, Häcker H. Patrolling monocytes promote the pathogenesis of early lupus-like glomerulonephritis. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:2251-2265. [PMID: 31033479 DOI: 10.1172/jci125116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with genetic and environmental contributions. Hallmarks of the disease are the appearance of immune complexes (IC) containing autoreactive Abs and TLR-activating nucleic acids, whose deposition in kidney glomeruli is suspected to promote tissue injury and glomerulonephritis (GN). Here, using a mouse model based on the human SLE susceptibility locus TNFAIP3-interacting protein 1 (TNIP1, also known as ABIN1), we investigated the pathogenesis of GN. We found that GN was driven by TLRs but, remarkably, proceeded independently of ICs. Rather, disease in 3 different mouse models and patients with SLE was characterized by glomerular accumulation of patrolling monocytes (PMos), a cell type with an emerging key function in vascular inflammation. Consistent with such function in GN, monocyte-specific deletion of ABIN1 promoted kidney disease, whereas selective elimination of PMos provided protection. In contrast to GN, PMo elimination did not protect from reduced survival or disease symptoms such as IC generation and splenomegaly, suggesting that GN and other inflammatory processes are governed by distinct pathogenic mechanisms. These data identify TLR-activated PMos as the principal component of an intravascular process that contributes to glomerular inflammation and kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Heather Tillman
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Peter Vogel
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Kyle J, Wu M, Gourzi S, Tsirka SE. Proliferation and Differentiation in the Adult Subventricular Zone Are Not Affected by CSF1R Inhibition. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:97. [PMID: 31001085 PMCID: PMC6454047 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are reported to have significant roles in regulating normal mammalian adult neurogenesis. There are two neurogenic niches in the adult mammal brain: the subgranular zone (SGZ) in the hippocampus, and the subventricular zone (SVZ), which makes up the lining of the lateral ventricles. While the microglia interactions on adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus have been characterized, the SVZ niche is not as well investigated. The SVZ niche is unique in that the newborn neurons migrate a much longer distance through multiple brain structures compared to newborn neurons in the hippocampus, making it more difficult to fully characterize how microglia influence this process. To examine the SVZ niche and migration pathway, we used the colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) antagonist PLX5622, which promotes brain wide microglia ablation. Microglia ablation resulted in no changes in the numbers of neural stem cells (NSCs), transient amplifying cells, and neuroblasts. Microglia ablation in the olfactory bulb (OB) was decreased compared to the SVZ. CSF1R inhibition had no effect on the ability of microglia to proliferate. Thus, our data suggest that microglia are not required for normal functioning SVZ adult neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Kyle
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Michelle Wu
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Stefania Gourzi
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Stella E Tsirka
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States
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45
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Chalmers SA, Garcia SJ, Reynolds JA, Herlitz L, Putterman C. NF-kB signaling in myeloid cells mediates the pathogenesis of immune-mediated nephritis. J Autoimmun 2019; 98:33-43. [PMID: 30612857 PMCID: PMC6426635 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 11/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Immune-mediated glomerulonephritis is a serious end organ pathology that commonly affects patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). A classic murine model used to study lupus nephritis (LN) is nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NTN), in which mice are passively transferred nephrotoxic antibodies. We have previously shown that macrophages are important in the pathogenesis of LN. To further investigate the mechanism by which macrophages contribute to the pathogenic process, and to determine if this contribution is mediated by NF-κB signaling, we created B6 mice which had RelA knocked out in myeloid cells, thus inhibiting classical NF-κB signaling in this cell lineage. We induced NTN in this strain to assess the importance of macrophage derived NF-κB signaling in contributing to disease progression. Myeloid cell RelA knock out (KO) mice injected with nephrotoxic serum had significantly attenuated proteinuria, lower BUN levels, and improved renal histopathology compared to control injected wildtype B6 mice (WT). Inhibiting myeloid NF-κB signaling also decreased inflammatory modulators within the kidneys. We found significant decreases of IL-1a, IFNg, and IL-6 in kidneys from KO mice, but higher IL-10 expression. Flow cytometry revealed decreased numbers of kidney infiltrating classically activated macrophages in KO mice as well. Our results indicate that macrophage NF-κB signaling is instrumental in the contribution of this cell type to the pathogenesis of NTN. While approaches which decrease macrophage numbers can be effective in immune mediated nephritis, more targeted treatments directed at modulating macrophage signaling and/or function could be beneficial, at least in the early stages of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha A Chalmers
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Sayra J Garcia
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Joshua A Reynolds
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Leal Herlitz
- Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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46
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Zhu X, Nedelcovych MT, Thomas AG, Hasegawa Y, Moreno-Megui A, Coomer W, Vohra V, Saito A, Perez G, Wu Y, Alt J, Prchalova E, Tenora L, Majer P, Rais R, Rojas C, Slusher BS, Kamiya A. JHU-083 selectively blocks glutaminase activity in brain CD11b + cells and prevents depression-associated behaviors induced by chronic social defeat stress. Neuropsychopharmacology 2019; 44:683-694. [PMID: 30127344 PMCID: PMC6372721 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-018-0177-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
There are a number of clinically effective treatments for stress-associated psychiatric diseases, including major depressive disorder (MDD). Nonetheless, many patients exhibit resistance to first-line interventions calling for novel interventions based on pathological mechanisms. Accumulating evidence implicates altered glutamate signaling in MDD pathophysiology, suggesting that modulation of glutamate signaling cascades may offer novel therapeutic potential. Here we report that JHU-083, our recently developed prodrug of the glutaminase inhibitor 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) ameliorates social avoidance and anhedonia-like behaviors in mice subjected to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). JHU-083 normalized CSDS-induced increases in glutaminase activity specifically in microglia-enriched CD11b+ cells isolated from the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. JHU-083 treatment also reverses the CSDS-induced inflammatory activation of CD11b+ cells. These results support the importance of altered glutamate signaling in the behavioral abnormalities observed in the CSDS model, and identify glutaminase in microglia-enriched CD11b+ cells as a pharmacotherapeutic target implicated in the pathophysiology of stress-associated psychiatric conditions such as MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhu
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Michael T. Nedelcovych
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Ajit G. Thomas
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Yuto Hasegawa
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Aisa Moreno-Megui
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Wade Coomer
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Varun Vohra
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Atsushi Saito
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Gabriel Perez
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Ying Wu
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Eva Prchalova
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Lukáš Tenora
- 0000 0001 1015 3316grid.418095.1Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Majer
- 0000 0001 1015 3316grid.418095.1Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Rana Rais
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Camilo Rojas
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- 0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA ,0000 0001 2171 9311grid.21107.35Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Atsushi Kamiya
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Horuluoglu B, Bayik D, Kayraklioglu N, Goguet E, Kaplan MJ, Klinman DM. PAM3 supports the generation of M2-like macrophages from lupus patient monocytes and improves disease outcome in murine lupus. J Autoimmun 2019; 99:24-32. [PMID: 30679006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Systematic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune syndrome of unclear etiology. While T and B cell abnormalities contribute to disease pathogenesis, recent work suggests that inflammatory M1-like macrophages also play a role. Previous work showed that the TLR2/1 agonist PAM3CSK4 (PAM3) could stimulate normal human monocytes to preferentially differentiate into immunosuppressive M2-like rather than inflammatory M1-like macrophages. This raised the possibility of PAM3 being used to normalize the M1:M2 ratio in SLE. Consistent with that possibility, monocytes from lupus patients differentiated into M2-like macrophages when treated with PAM3 in vitro. Furthermore, lupus-prone NZB x NZW F1 mice responded similarly to weekly PAM3 treatment. Normalization of the M2 macrophage frequency was associated with delayed disease progression, decreased autoantibody and inflammatory cytokine synthesis, reduced proteinuria and prolonged survival in NZB x NZW F1 mice. The ability of PAM3 to bias monocyte differentiation in favor of immunosuppressive macrophages may represent a novel approach to the therapy of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Begum Horuluoglu
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21720, USA; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Defne Bayik
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21720, USA
| | - Neslihan Kayraklioglu
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21720, USA
| | - Emilie Goguet
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21720, USA
| | - Mariana J Kaplan
- Systemic Autoimmunity Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Dennis M Klinman
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Frederick, MD 21720, USA.
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Bendorius M, Po C, Muller S, Jeltsch-David H. From Systemic Inflammation to Neuroinflammation: The Case of Neurolupus. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3588. [PMID: 30428632 PMCID: PMC6274746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It took decades to arrive at the general consensus dismissing the notion that the immune system is independent of the central nervous system. In the case of uncontrolled systemic inflammation, the relationship between the two systems is thrown off balance and results in cognitive and emotional impairment. It is specifically true for autoimmune pathologies where the central nervous system is affected as a result of systemic inflammation. Along with boosting circulating cytokine levels, systemic inflammation can lead to aberrant brain-resident immune cell activation, leakage of the blood⁻brain barrier, and the production of circulating antibodies that cross-react with brain antigens. One of the most disabling autoimmune pathologies known to have an effect on the central nervous system secondary to the systemic disease is systemic lupus erythematosus. Its neuropsychiatric expression has been extensively studied in lupus-like disease murine models that develop an autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome. These models are very useful for studying how the peripheral immune system and systemic inflammation can influence brain functions. In this review, we summarize the experimental data reported on murine models developing autoimmune diseases and systemic inflammation, and we explore the underlying mechanisms explaining how systemic inflammation can result in behavioral deficits, with a special focus on in vivo neuroimaging techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mykolas Bendorius
- UMR 7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg (ESBS), Laboratoire d'Excellence Médalis, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 67412 Illkirch, France.
| | - Chrystelle Po
- ICube UMR 7357, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg (ESBS), Laboratoire d'Excellence Médalis, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 67412 Illkirch, France.
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Hélène Jeltsch-David
- UMR 7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire, École Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg (ESBS), Laboratoire d'Excellence Médalis, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, 67412 Illkirch, France.
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Han J, Zhu K, Zhang X, Harris RA. Enforced microglial depletion and repopulation as a promising strategy for the treatment of neurological disorders. Glia 2018; 67:217-231. [PMID: 30378163 PMCID: PMC6635749 DOI: 10.1002/glia.23529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are prominent immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and are critical players in both neurological development and homeostasis, and in neurological diseases when dysfunctional. Our previous understanding of the phenotypes and functions of microglia has been greatly extended by a dearth of recent investigations. Distinct genetically defined subsets of microglia are now recognized to perform their own independent functions in specific conditions. The molecular profiling of single microglial cells indicates extensively heterogeneous reactions in different neurological disorders, resulting in multiple potentials for crosstalk with other kinds of CNS cells such as astrocytes and neurons. In settings of neurological diseases it could thus be prudent to establish effective cell‐based therapies by targeting entire microglial networks. Notably, activated microglial depletion through genetic targeting or pharmacological therapies within a suitable time window can stimulate replenishment of the CNS niche with new microglia. Additionally, enforced repopulation through provision of replacement cells also represents a potential means of exchanging dysfunctional with functional microglia. In each setting the newly repopulated microglia might have the potential to resolve ongoing neuroinflammation. In this review, we aim to summarize the most recent knowledge of microglia and to highlight microglial depletion and subsequent repopulation as a promising cell replacement therapy. Although glial cell replacement therapy is still in its infancy and future translational studies are still required, the approach is scientifically sound and provides new optimism for managing the neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation induced by activated microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Han
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at SolnaStockholmSweden
| | - Keying Zhu
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at SolnaStockholmSweden
| | - Xing‐Mei Zhang
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at SolnaStockholmSweden
| | - Robert A. Harris
- Applied Immunology and Immunotherapy, Department of Clinical NeuroscienceKarolinska Institutet, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital at SolnaStockholmSweden
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Gerber YN, Saint-Martin GP, Bringuier CM, Bartolami S, Goze-Bac C, Noristani HN, Perrin FE. CSF1R Inhibition Reduces Microglia Proliferation, Promotes Tissue Preservation and Improves Motor Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:368. [PMID: 30386212 PMCID: PMC6198221 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces a pronounced neuroinflammation driven by activation and proliferation of resident microglia as well as infiltrating peripheral monocyte-derived macrophages. Depending on the time post-lesion, positive and detrimental influences of microglia/macrophages on axonal regeneration had been reported after SCI, raising the issue whether their modulation may represent an attractive therapeutic strategy. Colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) regulates microglia/macrophages proliferation, differentiation and survival thus, pharmacological treatments using CSF1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitors had been used to ablate microglia. We analyzed the effect of chronic (10 weeks) food diet containing GW2580 (a CSF1R inhibitor) in mice that underwent lateral spinal cord hemisection (HS) at vertebral thoracic level 9. Treatment started 4 weeks prior to SCI and continued until 6 weeks post-lesion. We first demonstrate that GW2580 treatment did not modify microglial response in non-injured spinal cords. Conversely, a strong decrease in proliferating microglia was observed following SCI. Second, we showed that GW2580 treatment improved some parameters of motor recovery in injured animals through better paw placement. Using in and ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we then established that GW2580 treatment had no effect on lesion extension and volume. However, histological analyses revealed that GW2580-treated animals had reduced gliosis and microcavity formation following SCI. In conclusion, CSF1R blockade using GW2580 specifically inhibits SCI-induced microglia/macrophages proliferation, reduces gliosis and microcavity formations and improves fine motor recovery after incomplete SCI. Preventing microglial proliferation may offer therapeutic approach to limit neuroinflammation, promote tissue preservation and motor recovery following SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Nicolas Gerber
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Patrick Saint-Martin
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France.,UMR 5221 CNRS, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Mathilde Bringuier
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Bartolami
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | | | - Harun Najib Noristani
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
| | - Florence Evelyne Perrin
- University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,INSERM, U1198, Montpellier, France.,EPHE, Paris, France
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