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Lu L, Li J, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Li Z, Lan J, Zeng R, Fang S, Zhang T, Ding Y. A rapid quantitative UPLC-MS/MS method for analysis of key regulatory oxysterols in biological samples for liver cancer. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 243:106577. [PMID: 38971336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2024.106577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
An UPLC-APCI-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of cholesterol, 7-dehydrocholesterol (7DHC) and eight oxysterols including 27-hydroxycholesterol (27OHC), 7α-hydroxycholesterol (7αOHC), 7β-hydroxycholesterol (7βOHC), 24S-hydroxycholesterol (24SOHC), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25OHC), 7α,24S-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,24SdiOHC), 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,25diOHC), and 7α,27-dihydroxycholesterol (7α,27diOHC). It has been used for quantitative analysis of cholesterol, 7DHC and eight oxysterols in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, plasma and tumor tissue samples. And the above compounds were extracted from the biological matrix (plasma and tissue) using liquid-liquid extraction with hexane/isopropanol after saponification to cleave the steroids from their esterified forms without further derivatization. Then cholesterol, 7DHC and oxysterols were separated on a reversed phase column (Agilent Zorbax Eclipse plus, C18) within 8 min using a gradient elution with 0.1 % formic acid in H2O and methanol and detected by an APCI triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of the cholesterol, 7DHC and oxysterols ranged from 3.9 ng/mL to 31.25 ng/mL, and the recoveries ranged from 83.0 % to 113.9 %. Cholesterol, 7DHC and several oxysterols including 27OHC, 7αOHC and 7βOHC were successfully quantified in HCC cells, plasma, tissues and urine of HCC mice. Results showed that 27OHC was at high levels in three kind of HCC cells and tumor tissues as well as plasma samples from both HepG2 and Huh7 bearing mice model,and the high levels of 27OHC in tumors were associated with HCC development. Moreover, the levels of cholesterol in HCC cells and tumor issues varied in different HCC cells and mice model. Oxysterols profiling in biological samples might provide complementary information in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; National Innovation Platform for medical industry-education integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jie Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- National Innovation Platform for medical industry-education integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhe Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jinshuai Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ruifeng Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shiyuan Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yue Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; National Innovation Platform for medical industry-education integration, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; The MOE Innovation Centre for Basic Medicine Research on Qi-Blood TCM Theories, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Decker NS, Johnson T, Le Cornet C, Behrens S, Obi N, Kaaks R, Chang-Claude J, Fortner RT. Associations between lifestyle, health, and clinical characteristics and circulating oxysterols and cholesterol precursors in women diagnosed with breast cancer: a cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4977. [PMID: 38424253 PMCID: PMC10904394 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55316-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing evidence that cholesterol precursors and oxysterols, oxidized cholesterol metabolites, play a role in numerous pathological processes and diseases including breast cancer, little is known about correlates of these sterols in women with breast cancer. In this study, 2282 women with breast cancer and blood draw post diagnosis were included and cross-sectional associations between circulating levels of 15 sterols/oxysterols and (a) lifestyle, anthropometric, reproductive characteristics, (b) comorbidities and medication use, and (c) breast cancer tumor and treatment characteristics were calculated using generalized linear models. Obesity was strongly associated with circulating levels of 7-dehydrocholesterol (DC) (body mass index ≥ 30 vs. 18.5-24.9 kg/m2: 51.7% difference) and 7-ketocholesterol (KC) (40.0% difference). After adjustment for BMI, comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease were associated with higher levels of 7-DC (26.1% difference) and lower levels of desmosterol (- 16.4% difference). Breast cancer tumor characteristics including hormone receptor status, tumor stage, and endocrine therapy were associated with lanosterol, 24-DHLan, 7b-HC, and THC (e.g., THC; tumor stage IIIa vs. I: 36.9% difference). Weaker associations were observed for lifestyle characteristics and for any of the other oxysterols. The findings of this study suggest that cholesterol precursors are strongly associated with metabolic factors, while oxysterols are associated with breast cancer tumor characteristics, warranting further investigation into the role of cholesterol precursors and oxysterols in women with breast cancer and other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sophia Decker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Le Cornet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadia Obi
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Institute for Occupational and Maritime Medicine Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg, Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renée Turzanski Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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3
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Dias IHK, Shokr H. Oxysterols as Biomarkers of Aging and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024; 1440:307-336. [PMID: 38036887 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-43883-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxysterols derive from either enzymatic or non-enzymatic oxidation of cholesterol. Even though they are produced as intermediates of bile acid synthesis pathway, they are recognised as bioactive compounds in cellular processes. Therefore, their absence or accumulation have been shown to be associated with disease phenotypes. This chapter discusses the contribution of oxysterol to ageing, age-related diseases such as neurodegeneration and various disorders such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic and ocular disorders. It is clear that oxysterols play a significant role in development and progression of these diseases. As a result, oxysterols are being investigated as suitable markers for disease diagnosis purposes and some drug targets are in development targeting oxysterol pathways. However, further research will be needed to confirm the suitability of these potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irundika H K Dias
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Hala Shokr
- Manchester Pharmacy School, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Decker NS, Johnson T, Vey JA, Le Cornet C, Behrens S, Obi N, Kaaks R, Chang-Claude J, Fortner RT. Circulating oxysterols and prognosis among women with a breast cancer diagnosis: results from the MARIE patient cohort. BMC Med 2023; 21:438. [PMID: 37964298 PMCID: PMC10648629 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-03152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide, and underlying mechanistic pathways associated with breast cancer-specific and non-breast cancer-related deaths are of importance. Emerging evidence suggests a role of oxysterols, derivates of cholesterol, in multiple chronic diseases including breast cancer and coronary artery diseases. However, associations between oxysterols and survival have been minimally studied in women diagnosed with breast cancer. In this large breast cancer patient cohort, we evaluated associations between a panel of circulating oxysterols and mortality and recurrence outcomes. METHODS Concentrations of 13 circulating oxysterols representing different pathways of cholesterol metabolism were quantified using liquid-chromatography mass-spectrometry. Associations between baseline levels of oxysterols and cause-specific mortality outcomes and recurrence following a breast cancer diagnosis were assessed in 2282 women from the MARIE study over a median follow-up time of 11 years. We calculated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using multivariable Cox proportional hazard models and competing risks models. RESULTS We observed no associations for circulating oxysterols and breast cancer-specific outcomes. Higher levels of six oxysterols were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease death, including 24S-hydroxycholesterol (alternative bile acid pathway, HRlog2 = 1.73 (1.02, 2.93)), lanosterol (cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, HRlog2 = 1.95 (1.34, 2.83)), 7-ketocholesterol (HRlog2 = 1.26 (1.03, 1.55)), 5α,6α-epoxycholesterol (HRlog2 = 1.34 (1.02-1.77)), and 5a,6β-dihydroxycholestanol (HRlog2 = 1.34 (1.03, 1.76)). After adjusting for multiple comparisons, none of the associations were statistically significant. CONCLUSION We provide first evidence on a range of circulating oxysterols and mortality following a breast cancer diagnosis, contributing to a better understanding of associations between different pathways of cholesterol metabolism and prognosis in women with a breast cancer diagnosis. The findings of this study suggest circulating oxysterols may be associated with cardiovascular mortality among women diagnosed with breast cancer. Further studies are needed to evaluate these oxysterols as potential markers of risk for cardiovascular mortality among women with a breast cancer diagnosis as well as their clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sophia Decker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes A Vey
- Institute of Medical Biometry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Le Cornet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadia Obi
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg, Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renée Turzanski Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Research, Cancer Registry of Norway, Ullernchausseen 64, 0379, Oslo, Norway.
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Decker NS, Johnson T, Behrens S, Obi N, Kaaks R, Chang-Claude J, Fortner RT. Association of circulating free and total oxysterols in breast cancer patients. Clin Chem Lab Med 2023; 61:285-293. [PMID: 36342239 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2022-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxysterols, a family of oxidized cholesterol derivates, are of increasing interest due to their role in cancer development and progression. Some oxysterols are estrogen receptor modulators and thus of particular interest in breast cancer research. In human studies, two forms of circulating oxysterols are commonly evaluated: "free" (unesterified) and "total" (esterified and unesterified). However, associations between free and total oxysterols are not well established. We addressed this knowledge gap in a pilot study by evaluating correlations between the free and the total form of each of the circulating oxysterols (free vs. total), and pairwise associations within the panel of total oxysterols (total vs. total) and the panel of free oxysterols (free vs. free). METHODS Concentrations of oxysterols and other non-cholesterol sterols were quantified in blood samples of 27 breast cancer patients from the MARIE breast cancer patient cohort using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. We used Spearman rank correlations to assess associations. Overall, 12 oxysterols (including 27-hydroxycholesterol (HC), 25-HC, 24S-HC, 7a-HC, 5a6a-epoxycholesterol) and five sterols (including lanosterol and desmosterol) were analyzed. RESULTS Strong correlations (r≥0.82) were observed for seven circulating free and total oxysterols/sterols. The free and total form of 27-HC (r=0.63), 25-HC (r=0.54), and two more oxysterols were weaker correlated. Correlation patterns in the panel of total oxysterols/sterols and the panel of free oxysterols/sterols were similar. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that concentrations of most free and total oxysterols/sterols are strongly correlated. We provide further insight into the interrelationships between oxysterols in breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Sophia Decker
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Behrens
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadia Obi
- Institute for Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- University Cancer Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renée Turzanski Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
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Ejam SS, Saleh RO, Catalan Opulencia MJ, Najm MA, Makhmudova A, Jalil AT, Abdelbasset WK, Al-Gazally ME, Hammid AT, Mustafa YF, Sergeevna SE, Karampoor S, Mirzaei R. Pathogenic role of 25-hydroxycholesterol in cancer development and progression. Future Oncol 2022; 18:4415-4442. [PMID: 36651359 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is an essential lipid that serves several important functions, including maintaining the homeostasis of cells, acting as a precursor to bile acid and steroid hormones and preserving the stability of membrane lipid rafts. 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) is a cholesterol derivative that may be formed from cholesterol. 25-HC is a crucial component in various biological activities, including cholesterol metabolism. In recent years, growing evidence has shown that 25-HC performs a critical function in the etiology of cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmune disorders. This review will summarize the latest findings regarding 25-HC, including its biogenesis, immunomodulatory properties and role in innate/adaptive immunity, inflammation and the development of various types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raed Obaid Saleh
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Iraq
| | | | - Mazin Aa Najm
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
| | - Aziza Makhmudova
- Department of Social Sciences & Humanities, Samarkand State Medical Institute, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Makhtumkuli Street 103, Tashkent, 100047, Uzbekistan
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
- Department of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Ali Thaeer Hammid
- Computer Engineering Techniques Department, Faculty of Information Technology, Imam Ja'afar Al-Sadiq University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yasser Fakri Mustafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41001, Iraq
| | - Sergushina Elena Sergeevna
- National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 68 Bolshevitskaya Street, Republic of Mordovia, Saransk, 430005, Russia
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom & Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Passarelli MN, McDonald JG, Thompson BM, Arega EA, Palys TJ, Rees JR, Barry EL, Baron JA. Association of demographic and health characteristics with circulating oxysterol concentrations. J Clin Lipidol 2022; 16:345-355. [PMID: 35461764 PMCID: PMC10882644 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2022.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGOUND Circulating oxysterols, cholesterol metabolites with important signaling functions, are increasingly being recognized as candidate biomarkers for several diseases, but associations with demographic and health characteristics remain poorly described. OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize associations of major circulating oxysterols with sex, age, race/ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), lifestyle factors, and use of common medications. METHODS We measured plasma concentrations of 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC), 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OHC), 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)-OHC), 7ɑ-hydroxycholesterol (7ɑ-OHC), and 4β-hydroxycholesterol (4β-OHC) from 1,440 participants of a completed clinical trial for the chemoprevention of colorectal adenomas. Adjusted percent difference in means were calculated using linear regression. RESULTS Women had 18% (95% CI, 14%, 22%) lower 27-OHC and 21% (15%, 27%) higher 4β-OHC than men. Blacks had 15% (7%, 23%) higher 4β-OHC than Non-Hispanic Whites, and Asian or Pacific Islanders had 19% (2%, 35%) higher 7ɑ-OHC than Non-Hispanic Whites. Individuals of BMI ≥35 kg/m2 had 33% (25%, 41%) lower 4β-OHC than those <25 kg/m2. Current smokers had 15% (5%, 24%) higher 7ɑ-OHC than never smokers, and daily alcohol drinkers had 17% (10%, 24%) higher 7ɑ-OHC than never drinkers. Statin use was associated with lower concentrations of all 5 oxysterols. Differences in mean <15% were found for characteristics such as age, total dietary energy intake, physical activity, diabetes, and anti-inflammatory drug use. CONCLUSION Circulating oxysterols are uniquely associated with multiple demographic and health characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Passarelli
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Bonne M Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Enat A Arega
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Thomas J Palys
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Judy R Rees
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Elizabeth L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Poli G, Leoni V, Biasi F, Canzoneri F, Risso D, Menta R. Oxysterols: From redox bench to industry. Redox Biol 2022; 49:102220. [PMID: 34968886 PMCID: PMC8717233 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
More and more attention is nowadays given to the possible translational application of a great number of biochemical and biological findings with the involved molecules. This is also the case of cholesterol oxidation products, redox molecules over the last years deeply investigated for their implication in human pathophysiology. Oxysterols of non-enzymatic origin, the excessive increase of which in biological fluids and tissues is of toxicological relevance for their marked pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory properties, are increasingly applied in clinical biochemistry as molecular markers in the diagnosis and monitoring of several human and veterinary diseases. Conversely, oxysterols of enzymatic origin, the production of which is commonly under physiological regulation, could be considered and tested as promising pharmaceutical agents because of their antiviral, pro-osteogenic and antiadipogenic properties of some of them. Very recently, the quantification of oxysterols of non-enzymatic origin has been adopted in a systematic way to evaluate, monitor and improve the quality of cholesterol-based food ingredients, that are prone to auto-oxidation, as well as their industrial processing and the packaging and the shelf life of the finished food products. The growing translational value of oxysterols is here reviewed in its present and upcoming applications in various industrial fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Poli
- Unit of General Pathology and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, Hospital of Desio, ASST Brianza, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Fiorella Biasi
- Unit of General Pathology and Physiopathology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Davide Risso
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051, Alba, CN, Italy
| | - Roberto Menta
- Soremartec Italia Srl, Ferrero Group, 12051, Alba, CN, Italy
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Passarelli MN, Thompson BM, McDonald JG, Snover DC, Palys TJ, Rees JR, Barry EL, Baron JA. Circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol and Risk of Colorectal Adenomas and Serrated Polyps. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2021; 14:479-488. [PMID: 33408073 PMCID: PMC8026496 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-20-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The oxysterol 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) is an endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator implicated in breast cancer etiology. It is unknown whether circulating 27-OHC is associated with colorectal neoplasia risk. Circulating 27-OHC was measured using LC/MS in fasting plasma collected at baseline from participants of the Vitamin D/Calcium Polyp Prevention Study, a completed randomized clinical trial. Participants were between 45 and 75 years old, recently diagnosed with ≥1 colorectal adenoma, and followed for new colorectal polyps during colonoscopic surveillance. Adjusted risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of new colorectal polyps were estimated for quartiles of circulating 27-OHC using log-linear regression for repeated outcomes. Polyp phenotypes included any adenomas, advanced adenomas, hyperplastic polyps, and sessile serrated adenomas/polyps. Circulating 27-OHC was measured at baseline for 1,246 participants. Compared with participants with circulating 27-OHC below the first quartile (<138 ng/mL), those with circulating 27-OHC at or above the fourth quartile (≥201 ng/mL) had 24% higher risk of adenomas (RR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05-1.47) and 89% higher risk of advanced adenomas (RR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.17-3.06). Stronger associations were observed among participants with advanced adenomas at baseline. Circulating 27-OHC was not associated with risk of hyperplastic polyps (RR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.66-1.22) or sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (RR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.50-2.07). Circulating 27-OHC may be a risk factor for colorectal adenomas but not serrated polyps. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: This study found that plasma concentration of 27-hydroxycholesterol, a metabolite of cholesterol that regulates lipid metabolism and acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is associated with the risk of developing precursor lesions for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N Passarelli
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire.
| | - Bonne M Thompson
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Jeffrey G McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
- Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Dale C Snover
- Department of Pathology, Fairview Southdale Hospital, Edina, Minnesota
| | - Thomas J Palys
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Judy R Rees
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Elizabeth L Barry
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - John A Baron
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Wang C, He H, Fang W. Oncogenic roles of the cholesterol metabolite 25-hydroxycholesterol in bladder cancer. Oncol Lett 2020; 19:3671-3676. [PMID: 32382321 PMCID: PMC7202283 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxysterols, such as 24S-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol are oxidation products of cholesterol generated by enzymatic reactions. The pathological effects of oxysterols have been described in multiple types of cancer, including cancers of the skin, lung, colon, breast and bile ducts. The molecular mechanisms underlying oxysterol-induced cancer initiation and progression have yet to be completely elucidated, and to the best of our knowledge, no prior data on the role of 24S-hydroxycholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol in bladder cancer exists. The results of the present study demonstrated that 25-hydroxycholesterol is increased in bladder cancer tissues, and that it promotes proliferation and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in human T24 and RT4 bladder cancer cells. It was also observed that 25-hydroxycholesterol promotes Adriamycin resistance in T24 and RT4 cells, and that high levels of 25-hydroxycholesterol in bladder cancer are associated with a poor outcome. Therefore, 25-hydroxycholesterol, a primary metabolite of cholesterol, may serve an important role in the progression of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200333, P.R. China
| | - Haowei He
- Department of Urology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Wennian Fang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Shanghai 200333, P.R. China
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11
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Lu DL, Le Cornet C, Sookthai D, Johnson TS, Kaaks R, Fortner RT. Circulating 27-Hydroxycholesterol and Breast Cancer Risk: Results From the EPIC-Heidelberg Cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020; 111:365-371. [PMID: 30016454 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djy115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) was the first identified endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM); 27HC promoted growth and metastasis in experimental models of estrogen receptor-positive mammary cancer. There are no data on prediagnosis circulating 27HC and breast cancer risk in women. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study in the well-characterized Heidelberg, Germany, cohort of the European Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) including 530 incident invasive breast cancer cases, each matched to up to two control participants (n = 1036). Serum 27HC was analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in blood samples collected at study recruitment. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to quantify the association between circulating 27HC and breast cancer risk overall, by tumor hormone receptor status (ie estrogen and progesterone receptors), and by menopausal status at blood collection. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS 27HC was not associated with breast cancer risk overall (relative risk [RR]Quartile4vsQuartile1 [Q4vsQ1] = 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.66 to 1.22). The association between 27HC and breast cancer risk differed by menopausal status at blood collection (Phet = .02), but not by age at diagnosis (Phet = .78). Among women who were postmenopausal at blood collection, higher serum 27HC levels were associated with lower breast cancer risk (RRQ4vsQ1 = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.36 to 0.87). We observed no association between 27HC and breast cancer risk (RRQ4vsQ1 = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.75 to 2.38) among women who were premenopausal at blood collection. CONCLUSIONS In this first prospective study, higher circulating 27HC was associated with lower risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Identification of the first endogenous SERM associated with reduced risk of invasive breast cancer in postmenopausal women may offer novel avenues for breast cancer prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Lin Lu
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Le Cornet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Disorn Sookthai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron S Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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12
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Le Cornet C, Walter B, Sookthai D, Johnson TS, Kühn T, Herpel E, Kaaks R, Fortner RT. Circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol and breast cancer tissue expression of CYP27A1, CYP7B1, LXR-β, and ERβ: results from the EPIC-Heidelberg cohort. Breast Cancer Res 2020; 22:23. [PMID: 32075687 PMCID: PMC7031866 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-020-1253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Experimental and epidemiological studies demonstrate a role for 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) in breast cancer development, though results are conflicting. Cholesterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) and oxysterol 7-alpha-hydroxylase (CYP7B1) regulate 27HC concentrations, while differential expression of the liver X receptor (LXR) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) may impact the association between 27HC and breast cancer risk. Methods We evaluated correlates of tumor tissue expression of CYP27A1, CYP7B1, LXR-β, and ERβ and the association between circulating prediagnostic 27HC concentrations and breast cancer risk by marker expression in a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heidelberg cohort including 287 breast cancer cases with tumor tissue available. Tumor protein expression was evaluated using immunohistochemistry, and serum 27HC concentrations quantified using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results A higher proportion of CYP7B1-positive cases were progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, relative to CYP7B1-negative cases, whereas a higher proportion of ERβ-positive cases were Bcl-2 low, relative to ERβ-negative cases. No differences in tumor tissue marker positivity were observed by reproductive and lifestyle factors. We observed limited evidence of heterogeneity in associations between circulating 27HC and breast cancer risk by tumor tissue expression of CYP27A1, CYP7B1, LXR-β, and ERβ, with the exception of statistically significant heterogeneity by LXR-β status in the subgroup of women perimenopausal at blood collection (p = 0.02). Conclusion This exploratory study suggests limited associations between tumor marker status and epidemiologic or breast cancer characteristics. Furthermore, the association between circulating 27HC and breast cancer risk may not vary by tumor expression of CYP27A1, CYP7B1, LXR-β, or ERβ. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13058-020-1253-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Le Cornet
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Britta Walter
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Disorn Sookthai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron S Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ester Herpel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 224, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Tissue Bank of the National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Kaaks
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renée T Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Association between lifestyle, dietary, reproductive, and anthropometric factors and circulating 27-hydroxycholesterol in EPIC-Heidelberg. Cancer Causes Control 2020; 31:181-192. [PMID: 31938951 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-019-01259-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Given that 27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC) is the first identified endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator, the aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which dietary or lifestyle factors impact circulating 27HC concentrations in a large-scale setting. METHODS This cross-sectional analysis included 1,036 women aged 35-65 years who served as controls in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Heidelberg breast cancer case-control study. Circulating 27HC was quantified in serum using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Generalized linear models were used to investigate the association between 27HC concentrations and dietary habits, and lifestyle, reproductive, and anthropometric factors. RESULTS Higher concentrations of 27HC were observed among postmenopausal relative to premenopausal women (geometric mean 200.5 vs. 188.4 nM, p = 0.03), whereas women reporting ever full-term pregnancy had lower concentrations of 27HC relative to never (191.4 vs. 198.6; p = 0.03). Significant trends were observed showing higher concentrations with relatively high levels of physical activity (ptrend = 0.03) and alcohol consumption (ptrend = 0.01), and women currently smoking at blood collection (ptrend < 0.01). Of the investigated dietary factors, starch (ptrend < 0.01) and thiamine (ptrend < 0.01) intakes were inversely associated with 27HC. Circulating lipid concentrations were positively associated with 27HC concentrations (all ptrend < 0.01). No significant associations were found between 27HC and factors including age at blood collection, body mass index, or use of hormone therapy or cholesterol-lowering medications. CONCLUSION 27HC is of increasing interest for multiple chronic disease pathways. Despite significant associations found between circulating 27HC and dietary habits, reproductive factors, and modifiable lifestyle factors, circulating cholesterol, mostly low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, accounted for the majority of the variability in circulating 27HC.
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Sottero B, Rossin D, Staurenghi E, Gamba P, Poli G, Testa G. Omics analysis of oxysterols to better understand their pathophysiological role. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 144:55-71. [PMID: 31141713 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
High amounts of cholesterol have been definitely associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases, including metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. In all these pathologies the exacerbation of pro-oxidant and inflammatory responses is a consistent feature. In this scenario, species derived from enzymatic and non-enzymatic cholesterol oxidation, namely oxysterols, are strongly suspected to play a primary role. The consideration of these bioactive lipids is therefore helpful in investigating pathological mechanisms and may also acquire clinical value for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. For this purpose and considering that a great number of oxysterols may be present together in the body, the employment of lipidomics technology certainly represents a powerful strategy for the simultaneous detection and characterization of these compounds in biological specimens. In this review, we will discuss the applicability of the lipidomics approach in the study of the association between oxysterols and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Sottero
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Daniela Rossin
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Erica Staurenghi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Paola Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Testa
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Torino, Italy
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15
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Liu L, Li MY, Xing Y, Wang XY, Wang Y. The oncogenic roles of 27-hydroxycholesterol in glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:3623-3629. [PMID: 31579088 PMCID: PMC6757262 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most frequent primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Oxysterols are oxidation products of cholesterol generated by enzymatic reactions. 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC), an oxysterol, is an abundant metabolite of cholesterol. 27-HC significantly accelerates mammary cancer growth, proliferation and progression in experimental models. However, to the best of our knowledge, the effect of 27-HC on glioblastoma has not been studied. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the exact role of 27-HC in glioblastoma. The present study demonstrated that 27-HC promoted proliferation, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, colony formation, migration and invasion of U251 and U118 MG glioblastoma cells. Treatment with 27-HC was also associated with an increase in the formation of glioblastoma-initiating cells in U251 and U118 MG cell lines. Additionally, it was observed that high levels of 27-HC in glioblastoma tissues were associated with poor outcome in patients. In conclusion, 27-HC, a primary metabolite of cholesterol, may serve an important role in the progression of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology 4, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal 11, Infectious Disease Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, P.R. China
| | - Yu Xing
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau General Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150088, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yun Wang
- Department of Internal 11, Infectious Disease Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, P.R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Internal 11, Infectious Disease Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150500, P.R. China
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16
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Li C, Wang Z, Feng N, Dong J, Deng X, Yue Y, Guo Y, Hou J. Human HLA‑F adjacent transcript 10 promotes the formation of cancer initiating cells and cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:308-314. [PMID: 29749526 PMCID: PMC6059684 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) serves important roles in tumor invasion, metastasis, formation of cancer initiating cells (CICs) and drug resistance. HLA‑F adjacent transcript 10 (FAT10) has been proposed as an oncogene in bladder cancer. However, the functional contribution of FAT10 to EMT and the formation of CICs remains unclear in bladder cancer. The present study reports that FAT10 protein expression is upregulated in bladder cancer cell lines, and the overexpression of FAT10 promotes EMT and the formation of CICs in bladder cancer UMUC‑3 cells. In addition, increased expression of FAT10 in tumor tissue was associated with shorter overall survival and progression free survival in Chinese patients with bladder cancer. Overexpression of FAT10 promotes cisplatin‑resistant bladder cancer formation. These results indicated FAT10 may be a novel target for the treatment of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Zhenfan Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Wujiang, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, P.R. China
| | - Ninghan Feng
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Jian Dong
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Deng
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Yin Yue
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Guo
- Department of Urology, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, P.R. China
| | - Jianquan Hou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, P.R. China
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Xin J, Zheng LM, Sun DK, Li XF, Xu P, Tian LQ. miR-204 functions as a tumor suppressor gene, at least partly by suppressing CYP27A1 in glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:1439-1448. [PMID: 30008822 PMCID: PMC6036494 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common type of malignant primary brain tumors in adults and exhibit a spectrum of aberrantly aggressive phenotypes. Despite advances in treatments during past decades, prognosis of the disease remains poor, with a median survival time of 12-14 months. Future studies on the molecular mechanism of the disease may provide the theoretical basis to identify new targets for effective therapies. The present study revealed that in glioblastoma cells, the overexpression of cytochrome P450, family 27, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 (CYP27A1) promoted proliferation, while silencing of CYP27A1 inhibited proliferation, without affecting migration and invasion. CYP27A1 protein was upregulated in glioblastoma tissues, indicating that CYP27A1 is an oncogene. The downregulation of specific microRNAs (miRNA) may contribute to the upregulation of oncogenes in glioblastoma. A common strategy was used to predict target miRNAs of CPY27A1 using the miRanda algorithm. miR-211 and miR-204 could target the 3'untranslated region of CPY27A1 mRNA. Additional studies confirmed that the overexpression of miR-204 inhibited CPY27A1 expression in glioblastoma cells. Finally, it was identified that miR-204 was downregulated in glioblastoma and that its overexpression inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion in glioblastoma cells. Thus, it was concluded that miR-204 functions as a tumor suppressor gene, at least partly by suppressing CYP27A1 in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yishui Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tai'an Central Hospital, Tai'an, Shandong 271000, P.R. China
| | - De-Ke Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yishui Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Xian-Feng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yishui Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yishui Central Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276400, P.R. China
| | - Li-Qiang Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276003, P.R. China
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18
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Yu Y, Yu X, Liu H, Song Q, Yang Y. miR‑494 inhibits cancer‑initiating cell phenotypes and reverses resistance to lapatinib by downregulating FGFR2 in HER2‑positive gastric cancer. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:998-1007. [PMID: 29786108 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In gastric cancer, >15% of cases are associated with the amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), which leads to poor clinical outcomes. Lapatinib, a potent ATP‑competitive inhibitor, is a small, orally active molecule, which inhibits the tyrosine kinases of HER2 and epidermal growth factor receptor type 1. The activation of receptor tyrosine kinases can contribute to lapatinib resistance in HER2‑positive gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of miR‑494 and FGFR2 in regulation of cancer‑initiating cell phenotypes and therapeutic efficiency of lapatinib in HER2‑positive gastric cancer. Western blot analysis was used to identify that the expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), a receptor tyrosine kinase, was upregulated in gastric cancer tissues. Formation of cancer initiating cells (CICs) and resistance to lapatinib were determined using sphere growth assay and MTT assay, respectively. The overexpression of FGFR2 promoted the generation of cancer‑initiating cells (CICs) and resistance to lapatinib in HER2‑positive gastric cancer YCC1 cells. In addition, it was observed that overexpression of microRNA (miR)‑494 downregulated the protein expression of FGFR2, inhibited the formation of CICs and reversed lapatinib resistance in YCC1‑F cells (HER2‑positive, FGFR2 overexpressing and lapatinib‑resistant gastric cancer cells). Therefore, it was concluded that miR‑494 inhibited the CIC phenotype and reversed resistance to lapatinib by inhibiting FGFR2 in HER2‑positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Yu
- Cancer Treatment Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Xuejuan Yu
- Cancer Treatment Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Cancer Treatment Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Qingxun Song
- Cancer Treatment Research Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yongmei Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
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Yang YN, Zhang XH, Wang YM, Zhang X, Gu Z. miR-204 reverses temozolomide resistance and inhibits cancer initiating cells phenotypes by degrading FAP-α in glioblastoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7563-7570. [PMID: 29725461 PMCID: PMC5920462 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are treated with temozolomide (TMZ) at present, but often exhibit resistance to this agent. Cancer-initiating cells (CICs) have been suggested to lead to TMZ resistance. The mechanisms underlying CICs-based TMZ resistance are not fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to serve important roles in tumorigenesis and TMZ resistance. In the present study, a sphere forming assay and western blot analysis were performed to detect the formation of CICs and fibroblast activation protein α (FAP-α) protein expression. It was revealed that TMZ resistance promoted the formation of CICs and upregulated FAP-α expression in glioblastoma cells. Over-expressing FAP-α was also demonstrated to promote TMZ resistance and induce the formation of CICs in U251MG cells. In addition, using a reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, it was observed that miR-204 was downregulated in U251MG-resistant (-R) cells. miR-204 expression negatively correlated with the FAP-α levels in human glioblastoma tissues, and it may inhibit the formation of CICs and reverse TMZ resistance in U251MG-R cells. Therefore, it was concluded that miR-204 reversed temozolomide resistance and inhibited CICs phenotypes by degrading FAP-α in glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Na Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Xiang-Hua Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Ming Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Dezhou People's Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong 253014, P.R. China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
| | - Zheng Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100043, P.R. China
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20
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Liu B, Li F, Zhao HP, Chen JB, Li YP, Yu HH. Circulating SH2B1 is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7305-7311. [PMID: 29849792 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common types of cancer in humans and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Identifying novel risk factors will facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat GC. Increased expression of the Src homology 2 B adaptor protein 1 (SH2B1) may stimulate the malignant progression of lung cancer, esophageal cancer and neuroblastoma. However, its function in GC has not yet been investigated. To identify whether increased serum SH2B1 is a risk factor for GC, the present study performed a nested case-control study of patients within the Chinese cohort study. Levels of serum SH2B1 were measured in 563 patients diagnosed with GC during the follow-up period and in 1,126 matched healthy controls. The results demonstrated that high levels of serum SH2B1 were associated with an increased GC risk (odds ratio, 3.23; 95% confidence interval, 2.45-5.65). When analyses were stratified further by sex, age and smoking, an association between increased levels of SH2B1 and GC was identified in males but not in females. Furthermore, the association between SH2B1 levels and GC was more evident in younger than in older participants, and statistically significant in current smokers but not in nonsmokers. These results were not altered following the exclusion of outliers. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that overexpression of SH2B1 contributes to the malignant transformation of normal gastric epithelial cells. Thus, the present study demonstrated that elevated serum SH2B1 levels may increase the risk of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Peng Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Bo Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Peng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Hua Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P.R. China
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