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Ioakeimidis V, Lennuyeux-Comnene L, Khachatoorian N, Gaigg SB, Haenschel C, Kyriakopoulos M, Dima D. Trait and State Anxiety Effects on Mismatch Negativity and Sensory Gating Event-Related Potentials. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1421. [PMID: 37891790 PMCID: PMC10605251 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We used the auditory roving oddball to investigate whether individual differences in self-reported anxiety influence event-related potential (ERP) activity related to sensory gating and mismatch negativity (MMN). The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) was used to assess the effects of anxiety on the ERPs for auditory change detection and information filtering in a sample of thirty-six healthy participants. The roving oddball paradigm involves presentation of stimulus trains of auditory tones with certain frequencies followed by trains of tones with different frequencies. Enhanced negative mid-latency response (130-230 ms post-stimulus) was marked at the deviant (first tone) and the standard (six or more repetitions) tone at Fz, indicating successful mismatch negativity (MMN). In turn, the first and second tone in a stimulus train were subject to sensory gating at the Cz electrode site as a response to the second stimulus was suppressed at an earlier latency (40-80 ms). We used partial correlations and analyses of covariance to investigate the influence of state and trait anxiety on these two processes. Higher trait anxiety exhibited enhanced MMN amplitude (more negative) (F(1,33) = 14.259, p = 6.323 × 10-6, ηp2 = 0.302), whereas state anxiety reduced sensory gating (F(1,30) = 13.117, p = 0.001, ηp2 = 0.304). Our findings suggest that high trait-anxious participants demonstrate hypervigilant change detection to deviant tones that appear more salient, whereas increased state anxiety associates with failure to filter out irrelevant stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Ioakeimidis
- Department of Psychology, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, 10 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK; (V.I.); (L.L.-C.); (S.B.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Laura Lennuyeux-Comnene
- Department of Psychology, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, 10 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK; (V.I.); (L.L.-C.); (S.B.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Nareg Khachatoorian
- Department of Psychology, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, 10 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK; (V.I.); (L.L.-C.); (S.B.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Sebastian B. Gaigg
- Department of Psychology, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, 10 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK; (V.I.); (L.L.-C.); (S.B.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Corinna Haenschel
- Department of Psychology, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, 10 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK; (V.I.); (L.L.-C.); (S.B.G.); (C.H.)
| | - Marinos Kyriakopoulos
- South London and the Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London SE5 8AF, UK
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
- 1st Department of Psychiatry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Dima
- Department of Psychology, School of Health and Psychological Sciences, City University of London, 10 Northampton Square, London EC1V 0HB, UK; (V.I.); (L.L.-C.); (S.B.G.); (C.H.)
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
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Short-term transcutaneous trigeminal nerve stimulation does not affect visual oddball task and paired-click paradigm ERP responses in healthy volunteers. Exp Brain Res 2023; 241:327-339. [PMID: 36515720 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06525-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent research suggests that transcutaneous trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) may positively affect cognitive function. However, no clear-cut evidence is available yet, since the majority of it derives from clinical studies, and the few data on healthy subjects show inconsistent results. In this study, we report the effects of short-term TNS on event-related potentials (ERP) recorded during the administration of a simple visual oddball task and a paired-click paradigm, both considered useful for studying brain information processing functions. Thirty-two healthy subjects underwent EEG recording before and after 20 min of sham- or real-TNS, delivered bilaterally to the infraorbital nerve. The amplitude and latency of P200 and P300 waves in the simple visual oddball task and P50, N100 and P200 waves in the paired-click paradigm were measured before and after treatment. Our results show that short-term TNS did not alter any of the ERP parameters measured, suggesting that in healthy subjects, short-term TNS may not affect brain processes involved in cognitive functions such as pre-attentional processes, early allocation of attention and immediate memory. The perspective of having an effective, non-pharmacological, non-invasive, and safe treatment option for cognitive decline is particularly appealing; therefore, more research on the positive effects on cognition of TNS is definitely needed.
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Crasta JE, Gavin WJ, Davies PL. Expanding our understanding of sensory gating in children with autism spectrum disorders. Clin Neurophysiol 2020; 132:180-190. [PMID: 33310588 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined sensory gating in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Gating is usually examined at the P50 component and rarely at mid- and late-latency components. METHODS Electroencephalography data were recorded during a paired-click paradigm, from 18 children with ASD (5-12 years), and 18 typically-developing (TD) children. Gating was assessed at the P50, N1, P2, and N2 event-related potential components. Parents of all participants completed the Short Sensory Profile (SSP). RESULTS TD children showed gating at all components while children with ASD showed gating only at P2 and N2. Compared to TD children, the ASD group showed significantly reduced gating at P50, N1, and P2. No group differences were found at N2, suggesting typical N2 gating in the ASD group. Time-frequency analyses showed reduced orientation and neural synchronization of auditory stimuli. P50 and N1 gating significantly correlated with the SSP. CONCLUSION Although children with ASD have impaired early orientation and filtering of auditory stimuli, they exhibited gating at P2 and N2 components suggesting use of different gating mechanisms compared to TD children. Sensory deficits in ASD may relate to gating. SIGNIFICANCE The data provide novel evidence for impaired neural orientation, filtering, and synchronization in children with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel E Crasta
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - William J Gavin
- School of Music, Theatre, and Dance, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Neuroscience, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
| | - Patricia L Davies
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Neuroscience, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
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Schulz A, Vögele C, Bertsch K, Bernard S, Münch EE, Hansen G, Naumann E, Schächinger H. Cardiac cycle phases affect auditory-evoked potentials, startle eye blink and pre-motor reaction times in response to acoustic startle stimuli. Int J Psychophysiol 2020; 157:70-81. [PMID: 32976890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Startle stimuli evoke lower responses when presented during the early as compared to the late cardiac cycle phase, an effect that has been called 'cardiac modulation of startle' (CMS). The CMS effect may be associated with visceral-afferent neural traffic, as it is reduced in individuals with degeneration of afferent autonomic nerves. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the CMS effect is due a modulation of only early, automatic stages of stimulus processing by baro-afferent neural traffic, or if late stages are also affected. We, therefore, investigated early and late components of auditory-evoked potentials (AEPs) to acoustic startle stimuli (105, 100, 95 dB), which were presented during the early (R-wave +230 ms) or the late cardiac cycle phase (R +530 ms) in two studies. In Study 1, participants were requested to ignore (n = 25) or to respond to the stimuli with button-presses (n = 24). In Study 2 (n = 23), participants were asked to rate the intensity of the stimuli. We found lower EMG startle response magnitudes (both studies) and slower pre-motor reaction times in the early as compared to the late cardiac cycle phase (Study 1). We also observed lower N1 negativity (both studies), but higher P2 (Study 1) and P3 positivity (both studies) in response to stimuli presented in the early cardiac cycle phase. This AEP modulation pattern appears to be specific to the CMS effect, suggesting that early stages of startle stimulus processing are attenuated, whereas late stages are enhanced by baro-afferent neural traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Schulz
- Clinical Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Division of Clinical Psychophysiology, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany.
| | - Claus Vögele
- Clinical Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Katja Bertsch
- Division of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany; Psychophysiological Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Sam Bernard
- Clinical Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Eva E Münch
- Clinical Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Greta Hansen
- Clinical Psychophysiology Laboratory, Institute for Health and Behaviour, Department of Behavioural and Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Ewald Naumann
- Psychophysiological Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schächinger
- Division of Clinical Psychophysiology, Institute of Psychobiology, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
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Major S, Carpenter K, Beyer L, Kwak H, Dawson G, Murias M. The Influence of Background Auditory Noise on P50 and N100 Suppression Elicited by the Paired-Click Paradigm. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803/a000245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Auditory sensory gating is commonly assessed using the Paired-Click Paradigm (PCP), an electroencephalography (EEG) task in which two identical sounds are presented sequentially and the brain’s inhibitory response to the second sound is measured. Many clinical populations demonstrate reduced P50 and/or N100 suppression. Testing sensory gating in children may help to identify individuals at risk for neurodevelopmental disorders earlier, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which could lead to more optimal outcomes. Minimal research has been done with children because of the difficulty of performing lengthy EEG experiments with young children, requiring them to sit still for long periods of time. We designed a modified, potentially child-friendly version of the PCP and evaluated it in typically developing adults. The PCP was administered twice, once in a traditional silent room (silent movie condition) and once with an audible movie playing (audible movie condition) to minimize boredom and enhance behavioral compliance. We tested whether P50 and N100 suppression were influenced by the presence of the auditory background noise from the movie. N100 suppression was observed in both hemispheres in the silent movie condition and in the left hemisphere only during the audible movie condition, though suppression was attenuated in the audible movie condition. P50 suppression was not observed in either condition. N100 sensory gating was successfully elicited with an audible movie playing during the PCP, supporting the use of the modified task for future research in both children and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Major
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Kimberly Carpenter
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Logan Beyer
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hannah Kwak
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Geraldine Dawson
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Murias
- Duke Center for Autism and Brain Development, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Duke Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Nguyen AT, Hetrick WP, O'Donnell BF, Brenner CA. Abnormal beta and gamma frequency neural oscillations mediate auditory sensory gating deficit in schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 124:13-21. [PMID: 32109667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory gating is a process in which the brain's response to irrelevant and repetitive stimuli is inhibited. The sensory gating deficit in schizophrenia (SZ) is typically measured by the ratio or difference score of the P50 event-related potential (ERP) amplitudes in response to a paired click paradigm. While the P50 gating effect has usually been measured in relation to the peak amplitude of the S1 and S2 P50 ERPs, there is increasing evidence that inhibitory processes may be reflected by evoked or induced oscillatory activity during the inter-click interval in the beta (20-30 Hz) and gamma (30-50 Hz) frequency bands. We therefore examined the relationship between frequency specific activity in the inter-click interval with gating effects in the time and frequency domains. METHOD Paired-auditory stimuli were presented to 131 participants with schizophrenia and 196 healthy controls (HC). P50 ERP amplitudes to S1 and S2as well as averaged- and single-trial beta (20-30 Hz) and gamma (30-50 Hz) frequency power during the inter-click interval were measured from the CZ electrode site. RESULTS In the time domain, P50 gating deficits were apparent in both ratio and difference scores. This effect was mainly due to smaller S1 amplitudes in the patient group. SZ patients exhibited less evoked beta and gamma power, particularly at the 0-100 ms time point, in response to S1. Early (0-100 ms) evoked beta and gamma responses were critical in determining the S1 amplitude and extent of P50 gating across the delay interval for both HC and SZ. CONCLUSION Our findings support a disruption in initial sensory registration in those with SZ, and do not support an active mechanism throughout the delay interval. The degree of response to S1 and early beta and gamma frequency oscillations in the delay interval provides information about the mechanisms supporting auditory sensory gating, and may provide a framework for studying the mechanisms that support sensory inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann T Nguyen
- Loma Linda University, Department of Psychology, 11130 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - William P Hetrick
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA; Larue D. Carter Hospital, 2601 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46220, USA
| | - Brian F O'Donnell
- Indiana University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 1101 East Tenth Street, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA; Larue D. Carter Hospital, 2601 Cold Spring Road, Indianapolis, IN, 46220, USA
| | - Colleen A Brenner
- Loma Linda University, Department of Psychology, 11130 Anderson St., Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA.
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7
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Shen CL, Chou TL, Lai WS, Hsieh MH, Liu CC, Liu CM, Hwu HG. P50, N100, and P200 Auditory Sensory Gating Deficits in Schizophrenia Patients. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:868. [PMID: 33192632 PMCID: PMC7481459 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sensory gating describes neurological processes of filtering out redundant or unnecessary stimuli during information processing, and sensory gating deficits may contribute to the symptoms of schizophrenia. Among the three components of auditory event-related potentials reflecting sensory gating, P50 implies pre-attentional filtering of sensory information and N100/P200 reflects attention triggering and allocation processes. Although diminished P50 gating has been extensively documented in patients with schizophrenia, previous studies on N100 were inconclusive, and P200 has been rarely examined. This study aimed to investigate whether patients with schizophrenia have P50, N100, and P200 gating deficits compared with control subjects. METHODS Control subjects and clinically stable schizophrenia patients were recruited. The mid-latency auditory evoked responses, comprising P50, N100, and P200, were measured using the auditory-paired click paradigm without manipulation of attention. Sensory gating parameters included S1 amplitude, S2 amplitude, amplitude difference (S1-S2), and gating ratio (S2/S1). We also evaluated schizophrenia patients with PANSS to be correlated with sensory gating indices. RESULTS One hundred four patients and 102 control subjects were examined. Compared to the control group, schizophrenia patients had significant sensory gating deficits in P50, N100, and P200, reflected by larger gating ratios and smaller amplitude differences. Further analysis revealed that the S2 amplitude of P50 was larger, while the S1 amplitude of N100/P200 was smaller, in schizophrenia patients than in the controls. We found no correlations between sensory gating indices and schizophrenia positive or negative symptom clusters. However, we found a negative correlation between the P200 S2 amplitude and Bell's emotional discomfort factor/Wallwork's depressed factor. CONCLUSION Till date, this study has the largest sample size to analyze P50, N100, and P200 collectively by adopting the passive auditory paired-click paradigm without distractors. With covariates controlled for possible confounds, such as age, education, smoking amount and retained pairs, we found that schizophrenia patients had significant sensory gating deficits in P50-N100-P200. The schizophrenia patients had demonstrated a unique pattern of sensory gating deficits, including repetition suppression deficits in P50 and stimulus registration deficits in N100/200. These results suggest that sensory gating is a pervasive cognitive abnormality in schizophrenia patients that is not limited to the pre-attentive phase of information processing. Since P200 exhibited a large effect size and did not require additional time during recruitment, future studies of P50-N100-P200 collectively are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Lan Shen
- Department of General Psychiatry, Tsao-Tun Psychiatric Center, Nanto, Taiwan.,Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Li Chou
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Sung Lai
- Department of Psychology, College of Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming H Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chung Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Min Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Gwo Hwu
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Aleksandrov AA, Dmitrieva ES, Volnova AB, Knyazeva VM, Polyakova NV, Ptukha MA, Gainetdinov RR. Effect of alpha-NETA on auditory event related potentials in sensory gating study paradigm in mice. Neurosci Lett 2019; 712:134470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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9
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Effect of trace amine-associated receptor 1 agonist RO5263397 on sensory gating in mice. Neuroreport 2019; 30:1004-1007. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Trenado C, González-Ramírez A, Lizárraga-Cortés V, Pedroarena Leal N, Manjarrez E, Ruge D. The Potential of Trial-by-Trial Variabilities of Ongoing-EEG, Evoked Potentials, Event Related Potentials and fMRI as Diagnostic Markers for Neuropsychiatric Disorders. Front Neurosci 2019; 12:850. [PMID: 31379473 PMCID: PMC6657500 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Trenado
- Translational Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anaí González-Ramírez
- Translational Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.,Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurophysics, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Victoria Lizárraga-Cortés
- Translational Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany.,Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurophysics, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Nicole Pedroarena Leal
- Translational Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Elias Manjarrez
- Integrative Neurophysiology and Neurophysics, Institute of Physiology, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Diane Ruge
- Translational Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Technical University Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
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Rosburg T. Auditory N100 gating in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic meta-analysis. Clin Neurophysiol 2018; 129:2099-2111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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12
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Manouilenko I, Humble MB, Georgieva J, Bejerot S. Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potentials for diagnosing Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD and Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders in adults. A blinded study. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:21-26. [PMID: 28710948 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.06.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical utility of complex auditory brainstem response (c-ABR) and investigate if c-ABR is helpful in the diagnostic procedure. Thirty-one adult psychiatric patients, thoroughly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (n=16), ADHD (n=8), or schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) (n=7) and 15 healthy controls (HC), were blindly assessed with SensoDetect BERA. This c-ABR correctly identified psychiatric diagnoses in 4 patients (13%) and provided partially correct diagnoses in 11 more patients. Of the 15 HC, 6 were misclassified as psychiatric patients. The Cohen´s kappa coefficient (κ) was substantial for HC (κ=0.67), fair for SSD (κ=0.37), slight for ADHD (κ=0.09) and without agreement in ASD (κ=-0.03). In conclusion, we found the c-ABR method unhelpful and unreliable as a tool in clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Manouilenko
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Järva psychiatric out-patient clinic, Praktikertjänst AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats B Humble
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden; University Health Care Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jeanette Georgieva
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Bejerot
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, SE-70182 Örebro, Sweden; University Health Care Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden.
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13
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Toyomaki A, Hashimoto N, Kako Y, Tomimatsu Y, Koyama T, Kusumi I. Different P50 sensory gating measures reflect different cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia. SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH-COGNITION 2015; 2:166-169. [PMID: 29379766 PMCID: PMC5779302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scog.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The P50 is an early component of auditory evoked potentials and a measure of sensory gating deficits. This evoked potential component is thought to be an important endophenotype candidate for schizophrenia. Recent research suggests that instead of the P50 ratio, S1 and S2 amplitudes should be evaluated for sensory gating. However, no studies have focused on the relationship between cognitive dysfunction and P50 sensory gating deficits using S1 and S2 amplitudes. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association between the P50 ratio (S2/S1), S1 and S2 amplitudes, and neuropsychological cognitive domains using stepwise multiple linear regression analyses. Results demonstrated a significant relationship between executive functioning and the P50 ratio and between sustained attention and S2 amplitude, respectively. Our findings suggest that the P50 ratio and S2 amplitude reflect distinct neurophysiological substrates associated with different cognitive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuhito Toyomaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yuki Kako
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Tomimatsu
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Koyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, N15, W7, Sapporo, 060-8638, Japan
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Intraindividual neurophysiological variability in ultra-high-risk for psychosis and schizophrenia patients: single-trial analysis. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2015; 1:15031. [PMID: 27336039 PMCID: PMC4849455 DOI: 10.1038/npjschz.2015.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Background: Intraindividual variability in neurophysiological responses is an important factor in the study of schizophrenia. Interestingly, this variability strongly predicts individual differences in cognitive processing. Neurobiological abnormalities that present during the prodromal phase of schizophrenia are not well characterized. However, these symptoms may provide insight into the key circuits involved in the disorder. Aims: To investigate the variability in magnetoencephalographic responses at ultrahigh risk and schizophrenia patients. Methods: Twenty-four ultrahigh risk, 21 patients with schizophrenia and 28 healthy controls were evaluated. The intraindividual variability was estimated by calculating the s.d. of the across-trial amplitude in responses to deviant and standard stimuli. The degree of phase locking across trials was calculated by intertrial coherence. Results: Greater variability in the responses to deviant and standard tones was noted in the schizophrenia and ultrahigh risk groups compared with controls. Variability in response to standard stimuli was positively correlated with the amplitude for the standard stimuli in all of the groups. Moreover, schizophrenia patients displayed lower alpha and theta intertrial coherence compared with ultrahigh risk and controls. Mismatch negativity amplitude was correlated with the alpha intertrial coherence in all groups. Taken together, the augmented variability and reduced inter-trial coherence provide empirical evidence for increased amplitude and phase inconsistencies in schizophrenia and ultrahigh risk. Conclusions: The results implicate widespread dysfunction in amplitude modulation and phase concentration in schizophrenia and ultrahigh risk, as well as evidence for early amplitude and phase disruption. These finding suggest intraindividual variability and intertrial coherence appear to be important indicators of pathophysiological processing.
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Shendyapina MV, Omelchenko MA, Lebedeva IS, Kanonovich PS, Semenova NA, Ublinsky MV, Dmitrienko DM, Akhadov TA, Simonova OA, Kaleda VG. [Information processing and brain metabolic characteristics in patients at ultra-high risk for endogenous psychosis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015; 115:24-29. [PMID: 25909785 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20151151124-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Functional and structural brain abnormalities in people at high risk for psychosis is a subject of intensive studies in biological psychiatry over the last decades. We studied correlations between neurophysiological and neuroimaging parameters in ultra-high risk patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-six patients, aged 17-25 years, with nonpsychotic mental disorders were examined. The control group included 30 age- and sex-matched healthy people. Neurophysiological study measured sensory gating. Proton MR-spectroscopy was used to study metabolic processes in the brain (index for glutamate/glutamine, N-acetylaspartate and choline containing compounds in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and thalamus of both hemispheres as well as in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION We found the abnormality of sensory gating in patients at ultra-high risk for endogenous psychosis that was not correlated with the metabolic parameters. The latter were normal or were normalized during treatment.
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16
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Güven A, Altınkaynak M, Dolu N, Ünlühızarcı K. Advanced analysis of auditory evoked potentials in hyperthyroid patients: the effect of filtering. J Med Syst 2015; 39:13. [PMID: 25637540 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-014-0184-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to evaluate Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs) in patients with hyperthyroidism and to compare their frequency components with those of healthy subjects. In this study the AEPs in hyperthyroidism were studied both in time and frequency domains rather than studying just in the time domain by peak scoring. This paper presents a method for filtering auditory oddball standard and target AEPs by using singular spectrum analysis (SSA) and feature extraction in the frequency domain via spectral analysis. AEPs were recorded during an auditory oddball paradigm in 25 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients and 15 healthy subjects. The signals are captured in the presence of ongoing background EEG activity so they are often contaminated by artifacts. This paper presents a method for filtering auditory odd-ball standard and target AEPs by using Singular spectrum analysis and feature extraction in frequency domain via spectral analysis. Information about the frequency composition of the signal is then used to compare normal and hyperthyroid states. While there was no significant difference either in the target or standard unfiltered signals between the hyperthyroid patients and the control group (p > 0.05), there was a significant difference in the filtered signals between the two groups (p < 0.01). In conclusion, our results revealed that SSA is an effective filtering method for AEPs. Thus, a much more objective and specific examination method was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşegül Güven
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Erciyes University, Melikgazi, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey,
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17
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Madsen GF, Bilenberg N, Jepsen JR, Glenthøj B, Cantio C, Oranje B. Normal P50 Gating in Children with Autism, Yet Attenuated P50 Amplitude in the Asperger Subcategory. Autism Res 2015; 8:371-8. [PMID: 25599888 DOI: 10.1002/aur.1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and schizophrenia are separate disorders, but there is evidence of conversion or comorbid overlap. The objective of this paper was to explore whether deficits in sensory gating, as seen in some schizophrenia patients, can also be found in a group of ASD children compared to neurotypically developed children. An additional aim was to investigate the possibility of subdividing our ASD sample based on these gating deficits. In a case-control design, we assessed gating of the P50 and N100 amplitude in 31 ASD children and 39 healthy matched controls (8-12 years) and screened for differences between groups and within the ASD group. We did not find disturbances in auditory P50 and N100 filtering in the group of ASD children as a whole, nor did we find abnormal P50 and N100 amplitudes. However, the P50 amplitude to the conditioning stimulus was significantly reduced in the Asperger subgroup compared to healthy controls. In contrast to what is usually reported for patients with schizophrenia, we found no evidence for sensory gating deficits in our group of ASD children taken as a whole. However, reduced P50 amplitude to conditioning stimuli was found in the Asperger group, which is similar to what has been described in some studies in schizophrenia patients. There was a positive correlation between the P50 amplitude of the conditioning stimuli and anxiety score in the pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified group, which indicates a relation between anxiety and sensory registration in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitte Falcher Madsen
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University function), Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University function), Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Jepsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen.,Center for Child and Adolescent Mental Health Capital Region, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen
| | - Cathriona Cantio
- From the Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Research Unit (University function), Mental Health Services in Region of Southern Denmark, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Bob Oranje
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Denmark.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen
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18
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Thwaites SJ, van den Buuse M, Gogos A. Differential effects of estrogen and testosterone on auditory sensory gating in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2014; 231:243-56. [PMID: 23929132 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-013-3231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Estrogen has been shown to have beneficial effects in patients with schizophrenia. However, the mechanisms involved in this protective effect are unclear. Schizophrenia is associated with deficits in sensory gating, a filtering mechanism which normally prevents sensory overload. In rodent models, acute treatment with drugs such as the dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonist, apomorphine; the dopamine releaser, amphetamine; and the glutamate NMDA receptor antagonists, phencyclidine or MK-801, can induce a phenotype similar to that seen in schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES Given the putative protective action of estrogen in schizophrenia, here we investigated the effect of ovariectomy (OVX) and estrogen replacement in female rats on drug-induced auditory gating deficits. For comparison, we also assessed the effects of castration (CAST) and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) replacement in male rats. METHODS Rats were instrumented with cortical surface electrodes. Test sessions comprised of 150 presentations of paired clicks, 500 ms apart (S1 and S2). RESULTS Administration of all drugs increased the ratio of responses to S2/S1 in sham-operated female and male rats. OVX reduced event-related potential amplitudes but did not alter S2/S1 ratio or drug effects. In OVX rats with 17β-estradiol implants, the effect of apomorphine was abolished, but there was no change in that of amphetamine and phencyclidine. There were no effects of CAST or DHT replacement in male rats. CONCLUSIONS Chronic estrogen replacement in OVX rats protected against sensory gating deficits caused by direct dopamine D1/D2 receptor stimulation. These data could indicate a possible mechanism by which estrogen exerts a protective action in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane J Thwaites
- Behavioural Neuroscience Laboratory, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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19
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Vlcek P, Bob P, Raboch J. Sensory disturbances, inhibitory deficits, and the P50 wave in schizophrenia. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2014; 10:1309-15. [PMID: 25075189 PMCID: PMC4106969 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s64219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Sensory gating disturbances in schizophrenia are often described as an inability to filter redundant sensory stimuli that typically manifest as inability to gate neuronal responses related to the P50 wave, characterizing a decreased ability of the brain to inhibit various responses to insignificant stimuli. It implicates various deficits of perceptual and attentional functions, and this inability to inhibit, or "gate", irrelevant sensory inputs leads to sensory and information overload that also may result in neuronal hyperexcitability related to disturbances of habituation mechanisms. These findings seem to be particularly important in the context of modern electrophysiological and neuroimaging data suggesting that the filtering deficits in schizophrenia are likely related to deficits in the integrity of connections between various brain areas. As a consequence, this brain disintegration produces disconnection of information, disrupted binding, and disintegration of consciousness that in terms of modern neuroscience could connect original Bleuler's concept of "split mind" with research of neural information integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premysl Vlcek
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry and UHSL, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bob
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry and UHSL, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic ; Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Raboch
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research of Traumatic Stress, Department of Psychiatry and UHSL, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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20
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Lin RE, Ambler L, Billingslea EN, Suh J, Batheja S, Tatard-Leitman V, Featherstone RE, Siegel SJ. Electroencephalographic and early communicative abnormalities in Brattleboro rats. Physiol Rep 2013; 1:e00100. [PMID: 24303172 PMCID: PMC3841036 DOI: 10.1002/phy2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Reductions in the levels of the neuropeptide vasopressin (VP) and its receptors have been associated with schizophrenia. VP is also critical for appropriate social behaviors in humans as well as rodents. One of the prominent symptoms of schizophrenia is asociality and these symptoms may develop prodromally. A reduction in event-related potential (ERP) peak amplitudes is an endophenotype of schizophrenia. In this study, we use the Brattleboro (BRAT) rat to assess the role of VP deficiency in vocal communication during early development and on auditory ERPs during adulthood. BRAT rats had similar vocal communication to wild-type littermate controls during postnatal days 2 and 5 but the time between vocalizations was increased and the power of the vocalizations was reduced beginning at postnatal day 9. During adulthood, BRAT rats had deficits in auditory ERPs including reduced N40 amplitude and reduced low and high gamma intertrial coherence. These results suggest that the role of VP on vocal communication is an age-dependent process. Additionally, the deficits in ERPs indicate an impairment of auditory information processing related to the reduction in VP. Therefore, manipulation of the VP system could provide a novel mechanism for treatment for negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Translational Neuroscience Program, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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21
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Knott V, de la Salle S, Smith D, Phillipe T, Dort H, Choueiry J, Impey D. Baseline dependency of nicotine's sensory gating actions: similarities and differences in low, medium and high P50 suppressors. J Psychopharmacol 2013; 27:790-800. [PMID: 23744798 DOI: 10.1177/0269881113490449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Reduced suppression of the P50 auditory event-related potential in schizophrenia patients relative to normal controls is indicative of a sensory gating deficit and is one of the most robust findings reported for functional brain abnormalities in this disorder. However, there is considerable gating variability in patients and controls and there is little understanding as to how inter-individual differences moderate gating responses to drugs and nicotinic agonists in particular, which have shown potential to reverse gating deficits. In this study the effects of acutely administered nicotine (gum, 6 mg) on sensory gating in a paired (S₁-S₂) auditory stimulus paradigm were investigated in 57 healthy, non-smoking volunteers stratified as low (n = 19), medium (n = 19) and high (n = 19) P50 suppressors on the basis of three separate baseline derived gating indices, P50 ratios, P50 difference scores, and gating difference waveforms. Relative to placebo, nicotine consistently improved gating in low suppressors as stratified with all three gating indices, exerted no effects in medium suppressors and reduced gating in high suppressors. Analysis of individual stimulus (S₂, S₂) amplitudes showed distinctly different mechanisms of action underlying nicotine effects in individuals with low and high baseline suppression. The results parallel similar findings of baseline-dependency in the gating effects of several antipsychotic drugs in healthy volunteers and support the use of group segmentation as a translational model in novel cognitive drug development for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verner Knott
- University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research, Ottawa, Canada.
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22
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Sandner G, Meyer L, Angst MJ, Guignard B, Guiberteau T, Mensah-Nyagan AG. Neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions modify pain perception and evoked potentials in rats. Behav Brain Res 2012; 234:167-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Single-trial analysis of auditory evoked potentials improves separation of normal and schizophrenia subjects. Clin Neurophysiol 2012; 123:1810-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Revised: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Iyer D, Boutros NN, Zouridakis G. Aberrant auditory evoked responses in schizophrenia: evidence from single-trial analysis. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2012; 2011:4406-9. [PMID: 22255316 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2011.6091093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The average N100 (a negative response occurring around 100 ms poststimulus) component of the auditory evoked potential (EP) has been recently used in the study of schizophrenia. Averaging, however, eliminates all temporal variability of the recorded signals and, therefore, hampers the exploration of the temporal dynamics underlying the generation of the N100 component. In this study, we analyzed EPs on a single-trial basis using an iterative independent component analysis procedure that is capable of extracting individual components out of an entire EP waveform. This approach allowed estimation of an N100 in each single trial and measurement of its morphological features such as polarity, which could be either negative (most frequently) or positive (less frequently). In the latter case, the N100 component was termed aberrant. We analyzed responses from 23 normal controls (NC) and 15 schizophrenia (SZ) patients in a paired stimulus paradigm, where a first stimulus S(1) was followed by a second one S(2) 0.5 s later. To compare N100 responses within and across the two subject groups, we defined a negative polarity index NPI as the percentage of single trials that had a negative polarity N100. Our results show significantly higher NPI values in NC compared to SZ, for both the S(1) and S(2) responses. Additionally, the difference in NPI values between the S(1) and S(2) responses was significant in NC but not in SZ. We conclude that both normal and schizophrenia subjects exhibit aberrant N100 responses, but these events are more frequent in the SZ patient group. The higher number of aberrant responses can explain the lower amplitude EPs typically observed in schizophrenia, and may be one of the factors contributing to sensory gating deficits consistently reported in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darshan Iyer
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
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25
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Jordanov T, Popov T, Weisz N, Elbert T, Paul-Jordanov I, Rockstroh B. Reduced mismatch negativity and increased variability of brain activity in schizophrenia. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 122:2365-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vakulin A, Catcheside PG, Baulk SD, Antic NA, van den Heuvel CJ, Banks S, McEvoy RD. Auditory evoked potentials remain abnormal after CPAP treatment in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea. Clin Neurophysiol 2011; 123:310-7. [PMID: 21821469 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effects of 3 months of optimal CPAP treatment on auditory event related potentials (AERP) in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) compared with healthy controls. METHODS Auditory odd-ball related N1, P2, N2 and P3 AERP components were assessed in 9 severe OSA subjects and 9 healthy controls at baseline evaluation and at ∼3 months follow-up in both groups, with OSA subjects treated with continuous positive air-way pressure (CPAP) during this period. RESULTS Severe OSA subjects showed significantly delayed, P2, N2 and P3 latencies, and significantly different P2 and P3 amplitudes compared to controls at baseline (group effect, all p<0.05). At follow-up evaluation P3 latency shortened in treated OSA patients but remained prolonged compared to controls (group by treatment interaction, p<0.05) despite high CPAP compliance (6h/night). The earlier AERP (P2 and N2) components did not change in either controls or OSA patients at follow-up and remained different in patients versus controls. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that in severe OSA patients AERP responses show minimal or no improvement and remain abnormal following 3 months of optimal CPAP treatment. SIGNIFICANCE Persistent cortical sensory processing abnormalities despite treatment in severe OSA may have implications for daytime neurobehavioral performance and safety in OSA patients. AERP responses may help identify residual performance deficits and risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Vakulin
- Adelaide Institute for Sleep Health, Repatriation General Hospital, Daws Road, Daw Park, Adelaide, SA 5041, Australia.
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