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Iskandar R, Taghavi K, Low N, Bramer WM, Egger M, Rohner E. Mathematical Models for Evaluating Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Cervical Cancer Control Policies in Populations Including Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Scoping Review. Value Health Reg Issues 2022; 32:39-46. [PMID: 36063639 PMCID: PMC9979336 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mathematical modeling is increasingly used to inform cervical cancer control policies, and model-based evaluations of such policies in women living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are an emerging research area. We did a scoping review of published literature to identify research gaps and inform future work in this field. METHODS We systematically searched literature up to April 2022 and included mathematical modeling studies evaluating the effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention strategies in populations including women living with HIV. We extracted information on prevention strategies and modeling approaches. RESULTS We screened 1504 records and included 22 studies, almost half of which focused on South Africa. We found substantial between-study heterogeneity in terms of strategies assessed and modeling approaches used. Fourteen studies evaluated cervical cancer screening strategies, 7 studies assessed human papillomavirus vaccination (with or without screening), and 1 study evaluated the impact of HIV control measures on cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Thirteen conducted cost-effectiveness analyses. Markov cohort state-transition models were used most commonly (n = 12). Most studies (n = 17) modeled the effect of HIV by creating HIV-related health states. Thirteen studies performed model calibration, but 11 did not report the calibration methods used. Only 1 study stated that model code was available upon request. CONCLUSIONS Few model-based evaluations of cervical cancer control strategies have specifically considered women living with HIV. Improvements in model transparency, by sharing information and making model code publicly available, could facilitate the utility of these evaluations for other high disease-burden countries, where they are needed for assisting policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rowan Iskandar
- Center of Excellence in Decision-Analytic Modeling and Health Economics Research, sitem-insel, Bern, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Center for Evidence Synthesis in Health, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Katayoun Taghavi
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nicola Low
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Wichor M Bramer
- Medical Library, Erasmus MC, Erasmus University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Egger
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK; Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Research, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Eliane Rohner
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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Canfell K, Kim JJ, Kulasingam S, Berkhof J, Barnabas R, Bogaards JA, Campos N, Jennett C, Sharma M, Simms KT, Smith MA, Velentzis LS, Brisson M, Jit M. HPV-FRAME: A consensus statement and quality framework for modelled evaluations of HPV-related cancer control. PAPILLOMAVIRUS RESEARCH (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 8:100184. [PMID: 31505258 PMCID: PMC6804684 DOI: 10.1016/j.pvr.2019.100184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Intense research activity in HPV modelling over this decade has prompted the development of additional guidelines to those for general modelling. A specific framework is required to address different policy questions and unique complexities of HPV modelling. HPV-FRAME is an initiative to develop a consensus statement and quality-based framework for epidemiologic and economic HPV models. Its development involved an established process. Reporting standards have been structured according to seven domains reflecting distinct policy questions in HPV and cancer prevention and categorised by relevance to a population or evaluation. Population-relevant domains are: 1) HPV vaccination in pre-adolescent and young adolescent individuals; 2) HPV vaccination in older individuals; 3) targeted vaccination in men who have sex with men; 4) considerations for individuals living with HIV and 5) considerations for low- and middle-income countries. Additional considerations applicable to specific evaluations are: 6) cervical screening or integrated cervical screening and HPV vaccination approaches and 7) alternative vaccine types and alternative dosing schedules. HPV-FRAME aims to promote the development of models in accordance with an explicit framework, to better enable target audiences to understand a model's strength and weaknesses in relation to a specific policy question and ultimately improve the model's contribution to informed decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Canfell
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, 2011, NSW, Australia; School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia; Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jane J Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ruanne Barnabas
- Department of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johannes A Bogaards
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Nicole Campos
- Department of Health Policy and Management and Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chloe Jennett
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, 2011, NSW, Australia
| | - Monisha Sharma
- Department of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kate T Simms
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, 2011, NSW, Australia
| | - Megan A Smith
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, 2011, NSW, Australia; School of Public Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Louiza S Velentzis
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council NSW, Sydney, 2011, NSW, Australia; School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marc Brisson
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Axe santé des Populations et Pratiques Optimales en santé, Québec, Canada; Imperial College, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London, UK
| | - Mark Jit
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
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Tan K, Geng R, Wang Z, Liu H, Wang W. Anatomical structure, and expression of CCL4 and CCL13-like during the development of maxillary barbel in Paramisgurnus dabryanus. Organogenesis 2019; 15:13-23. [PMID: 31280691 DOI: 10.1080/15476278.2019.1633870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramisgurnus dabryanus is one of the most economically important fishes in China. Barbels are an essential sensory organ for the food-seeking ability of teleost fish. However, the anatomical structure of the maxillary barbels of P. dabryanus and the molecular basis of their development are unknown. We investigated the anatomical structure of the barbel, and gene expression patterns of two chemokine C-C motif ligands: CCL4 and CCL13-like during the maxillary barbel development using Masson Trichrome staining, light and electron microscopy, and qPCR. Anatomically, the maxillary barbel of P. dabryanus contains taste buds, melanophores, collagen fibers, connective tissue, smooth muscles, nerve bundles, and blood vessels, but does not have skeletal muscles or a skeleton rod. The expression of CCL4 and CCL13-like was weak or non-existent in the early phases of development, but high at the last two studied time-points: 192- and 216-h post-hatching. Results indicated that CCL4 and CCL13-like were related to the development of the maxillary barbel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kianann Tan
- a College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China
| | - Ruijing Geng
- a College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- a College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China
| | - Han Liu
- a College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China
| | - Weimin Wang
- a College of Fisheries, Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education/Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan , China.,b The Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture , Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province , Changde , China
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Sandhu R, Zivanovic R, Klaire S, Nikoo M, Rozylo J, Azar P. Buprenorphine/naloxone induction for treatment of acute on chronic pain using a micro-dosing regimen: A case report. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PAIN-REVUE CANADIENNE DE LA DOULEUR 2019; 3:79-84. [PMID: 35005396 PMCID: PMC8730552 DOI: 10.1080/24740527.2019.1599279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Due to its unique pharmacologic properties, efficacy as an analgesic, and role as a first-line medication for the treatment of opioid use disorder, sublingual buprenorphine has emerged as a treatment for patients with concurrent chronic pain and opioid use disorders. One challenge to utilizing buprenorphine is that precipitated opioid withdrawal can result if this medication is initiated in the presence of other opiates with lesser binding affinities. Micro-dosing induction regimens utilize a slower titration to avoid the need for a period of abstinence from other opiates and decrease the risk of precipitated withdrawal. Aims: The aim of this article is to present a case where a standardized micro-dosing induction regimen was used to transition a patient from other opiate analgesia to a sublingual formulation of buprenorphine/naloxone. Methods: This case took place on an inpatient neurosurgical unit of a Canadian tertiary-care city hospital. Written informed consent was collected prior to a detailed chart review. Results: Here we present a case of a postoperative neurosurgical inpatient who was referred to our team for pain management in the context of chronic pain and a past history of opioid use disorder. She was successfully transitioned to buprenorphine/naloxone, replacing all other opioid analgesia, without a period of opioid withdrawal using a micro-dosing induction regimen. Conclusions: Sublingual buprenorphine/naloxone can be safe and effective for treatment of chronic pain, particularly for those with past or current opioid use disorder. Micro-dosing provides a preferable induction strategy for patients who are not able to tolerate the requirement for moderate opioid withdrawal prior to initiation with existing regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raman Sandhu
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Sukhpreet Klaire
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Mohammadali Nikoo
- Addiction and Concurrent Disorders Group, Institute of Mental Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jennifer Rozylo
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Pouya Azar
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Vancouver General Hospital, DHCC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Gouveia M, Jesus G, Inês M, Costa J, Borges M. Cost-effectiveness of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in adults in Portugal versus "no vaccination" and versus vaccination with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2019; 15:850-858. [PMID: 30633615 PMCID: PMC6628941 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1560769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The burden of pneumococcal disease in adults is substantial from a social and economic point of view. This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumococcal pneumonia in adults versus "no vaccination" and versus vaccination with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). A Markov model was used to simulate three strategies: no vaccination, complete vaccination with PPSV23 and complete vaccination with PCV13. The comparison between strategies allowed the estimation of clinical and economic outcomes including incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) and incremental cost-utility ratios (ICUR). The model took into account the distributions of age, risk profile, vaccination status, type of immunization and time since vaccination in the population. A societal perspective was adopted and a lifetime horizon was considered. Different sources of data and assumptions were used to calibrate PPSV23 and PCV13 effectiveness. Inpatient costs were based on the 2013 diagnosis-related group (DRG) database for National Health Service (NHS) hospitals and expert opinion; NHS official tariffs were the main source for unitary costs. PCV13 shows ICURs of €17,746/QALY and €13,146/QALY versus "no vaccination" and vaccination with PPSV23, respectively. Results proved to be robust in univariate sensitivity analyses, where all ratios were below a €20,000 threshold, with the exception of the scenario with PCV13 effectiveness halved. In a probabilistic sensitivity analysis, 94% of simulations showed cost-effectiveness ratios lower than €20,000/QALY, in both strategies. It was found that PCV13 is a cost-effective strategy to prevent pneumococcal disease in adults in Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gouveia
- Católica Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Jesus
- Centro de Estudos de Medicina Baseada na Evidência, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica Inês
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Pfizer Portugal, Porto Salvo, Portugal
| | - João Costa
- Centro de Estudos de Medicina Baseada na Evidência, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Clínica e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Unidade de Farmacologia Clínica, Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Margarida Borges
- Centro de Estudos de Medicina Baseada na Evidência, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Laboratório de Farmacologia Clínica e Terapêutica, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Unidade de Farmacologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Central EPE, Lisbon, Portugal
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Mendes D, Bains I, Vanni T, Jit M. Systematic review of model-based cervical screening evaluations. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:334. [PMID: 25924871 PMCID: PMC4419493 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimising population-based cervical screening policies is becoming more complex due to the expanding range of screening technologies available and the interplay with vaccine-induced changes in epidemiology. Mathematical models are increasingly being applied to assess the impact of cervical cancer screening strategies. METHODS We systematically reviewed MEDLINE®, Embase, Web of Science®, EconLit, Health Economic Evaluation Database, and The Cochrane Library databases in order to identify the mathematical models of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical cancer progression used to assess the effectiveness and/or cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening strategies. Key model features and conclusions relevant to decision-making were extracted. RESULTS We found 153 articles meeting our eligibility criteria published up to May 2013. Most studies (72/153) evaluated the introduction of a new screening technology, with particular focus on the comparison of HPV DNA testing and cytology (n = 58). Twenty-eight in forty of these analyses supported HPV DNA primary screening implementation. A few studies analysed more recent technologies - rapid HPV DNA testing (n = 3), HPV DNA self-sampling (n = 4), and genotyping (n = 1) - and were also supportive of their introduction. However, no study was found on emerging molecular markers and their potential utility in future screening programmes. Most evaluations (113/153) were based on models simulating aggregate groups of women at risk of cervical cancer over time without accounting for HPV infection transmission. Calibration to country-specific outcome data is becoming more common, but has not yet become standard practice. CONCLUSIONS Models of cervical screening are increasingly used, and allow extrapolation of trial data to project the population-level health and economic impact of different screening policy. However, post-vaccination analyses have rarely incorporated transmission dynamics. Model calibration to country-specific data is increasingly common in recent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Mendes
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
| | - Iren Bains
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
| | - Tazio Vanni
- Brazilian Ministry of Health, Esplanada dos Ministérios Bloco G, Brasília-DF, CEP: 70058-900, Brasil.
| | - Mark Jit
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, Bloomsbury, London, WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Public Health England, 61 Colindale Avenue, London, NW9 5EQ, UK.
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Health Utilities Lost and Risk Factors Associated With HPV-induced Diseases in Men and Women: The HPV Italian Collaborative Study Group. Clin Ther 2015; 37:156-167.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Simonella L, Canfell K. Development of a quality framework for models of cervical screening and its application to evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in developed countries. Vaccine 2014; 33:34-51. [PMID: 25171843 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HPV vaccination has now been introduced in most developed countries, but this has occurred in the context of established cervical cancer screening mechanisms which provide population-level protection against the most common HPV-related cancer. Therefore, estimating the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination to further reduce HPV-related disease depends in large part on the estimation of the effectiveness of the cervical screening 'background'. The aim of this study was to systematically review and assess methods for simulating cervical screening in decision analytic models used for evaluation of HPV vaccination. METHODS Existing quality frameworks for economic models were extended to develop a specific quality framework for models of cervical screening. This involved domains for model structure, parameterisation (data sources) and validation (consistency). A systematic review of economic evaluations of HPV vaccination was then conducted, and assessment of cervical screening model components was then performed via application of the new quality framework. RESULTS Generally, models took into account population-level cervical screening participation, but were inconsistent in their approach to modelling abnormal smear management, diagnostic evaluation and treatment of precancerous disease. There was also considerable variability in the accuracy of modelling clinical pathways and the scope of validation performed for screening-related outcomes, with focus directed towards cervical cancer targets. Only a few models comprehensively validated against observed pre-cancerous abnormalities. CONCLUSION Models of HPV vaccination in developed countries can be improved by further attention to the 'background' modelling of secondary protection via cervical screening. The quality framework developed for this review can be used to inform future HPV vaccination evaluations, including evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of male vaccination and next generation HPV vaccines, and to assess models used to evaluate new cervical screening technologies and recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Simonella
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Karen Canfell
- Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Prince of Wales Clinical School, The University of NSW, Sydney, Australia.
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Fesenfeld M, Hutubessy R, Jit M. Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in low and middle income countries: a systematic review. Vaccine 2013; 31:3786-804. [PMID: 23830973 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization recommends establishing that human papillomavirus vaccination is cost-effective before vaccine introduction. We searched Pubmed, Embase and the Cochrane Library to 1 April 2012 for economic evaluations of human papillomavirus vaccination in low and middle income countries. We found 25 articles, but almost all low income countries and many middle income countries lacked country-specific studies. Methods, assumptions and consequently results varied widely, even for studies conducted for the same country. Despite the heterogeneity, most studies conclude that vaccination is likely to be cost-effective and possibly even cost saving, particularly in settings without organized cervical screening programmes. However, study uncertainty could be reduced by clarity about vaccine prices and vaccine delivery costs. The review supports extending vaccination to low income settings where vaccine prices are competitive, donor funding is available, cervical cancer burden is high and screening options are limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Fesenfeld
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
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Jit M, Levin C, Brisson M, Levin A, Resch S, Berkhof J, Kim J, Hutubessy R. Economic analyses to support decisions about HPV vaccination in low- and middle-income countries: a consensus report and guide for analysts. BMC Med 2013; 11:23. [PMID: 23363734 PMCID: PMC3582485 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Low- and middle-income countries need to consider economic issues such as cost-effectiveness, affordability and sustainability before introducing a program for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. However, many such countries lack the technical capacity and data to conduct their own analyses. Analysts informing policy decisions should address the following questions: 1) Is an economic analysis needed? 2) Should analyses address costs, epidemiological outcomes, or both? 3) If costs are considered, what sort of analysis is needed? 4) If outcomes are considered, what sort of model should be used? 5) How complex should the analysis be? 6) How should uncertainty be captured? 7) How should model results be communicated? Selecting the appropriate analysis is essential to ensure that all the important features of the decision problem are correctly represented, but that the analyses are not more complex than necessary. This report describes the consensus of an expert group convened by the World Health Organization, prioritizing key issues to be addressed when considering economic analyses to support HPV vaccine introduction in these countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Jit
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Health Protection Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Carol Levin
- PATH, 2201 Westlake Avenue, Suite 200 Seattle, WA 98121 USA
| | - Marc Brisson
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Hôpital Saint-Sacrement, 1050 Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, G1S 4L8, Canada
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Ann Levin
- Independent Consultant, 6414 Hollins Dr., Bethesda, MD 20817 USA
| | - Stephen Resch
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard School of Public Health, 718 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Centre, PO box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jane Kim
- Center for Health Decision Science, Harvard School of Public Health, 718 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02130, USA
| | - Raymond Hutubessy
- Initiative for Vaccine Research, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland
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Differential expression of cellular microRNAs in HPV-11 transfected cells. An analysis by three different array platforms and qRT-PCR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2010; 403:357-62. [PMID: 21078297 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus type 11 (HPV-11) infects the genital and the respiratory tract leading to condylomas and respiratory papillomatosis. HPV infections are restricted to epithelial tissue and the progression through the virus lifecycle is tightly coordinated to the differentiation of the host cell. The changes of cellular microRNAs by HPV-11 gene expression were investigated in a cell culture model of HaCaT cells transfected with HPV-11, with the goal of understanding which cellular processes were affected by the virus. Human microRNA profiling was conducted on three different array platform systems and because very few microRNAs (miR-663, -638, -149* and -92b*) were consistently found in all three array data sets we performed extensive statistical analyses of the array data and the qRT-PCR validation. We assume that the most reliable differentially expressed microRNAs are the ones identified by more than one array platform. We also show that TaqMan® qRT-PCR validation is of limited use for less abundant microRNAs.
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Craig BM, Brisson M, Chesson H, Giuliano AR, Jit M, Moffitt HL. Proceedings of the Modeling Evidence in HPV Pre-Conference Workshop in Malmö, Sweden, May 9-10, 2009. Clin Ther 2010; 32:1546-64. [PMID: 20728767 PMCID: PMC4095755 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2010.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prominent published and active human papillomavirus (HPV) modelers from around the world were invited to participate in the inaugural Modeling Evidence in HPV (MEHPV) Pre-Conference Workshop on May 9-10, 2009, in Malmö, Sweden. The workshop took place directly before the 25th International Papillomavirus Conference. OBJECTIVES The aim of the workshop was to develop an international network of investigators engaged in HPV modeling and to facilitate open discussion about the structure and parameterization of models, as well as other methodologic concerns. METHODS Thirty-four participants from more than a dozen countries and a variety of settings, representing the authors or coauthors of 82% of the HPV modeling literature, exchanged ideas on fundamental questions in the field. These proceedings, based on the 217-page transcript, were assembled by the Scientific Committee to summarize the ideas of workshop participants in a deidentified, readable fashion. They represent the work and recorded opinions of session participants and do not constitute the official positions of participants as a whole or individually, the Scientific Committee, or any sponsoring organization or entity. RESULTS In charting a path forward, 3 topics emerged as most pressing: best practices for HPV modeling, comparative modeling, and modeling in developing countries. CONCLUSION This summary of the proceedings of the preconference workshop on HPV modeling characterizes many of the prominent contemporary issues in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Craig
- Health Outcomes & Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center; Department of Economics, University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Dr, MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612-9416, Phone: (813) 745-6710, Fax: (813) 745-6525,
| | - Marc Brisson
- Mathematical Modeling and Health Economics of Infectious Diseases, Unité de recherche en santé des populations, Hôpital Du Saint-Sacrement, Centre Hospitalier Affilié Universitaire de Québec, 1050, chemin Ste-Foy, Québec G1S 4 L8, Canada, Tél: (418) 682-7511 poste 2720 OR 418-682-7386, Fax: (418) 682-7949,
| | - Harrell Chesson
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA, Phone: 404-639-8182,
| | - Anna R. Giuliano
- Risk Assessment, Detection & Intervention; Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, Phone: (813) 745-6820,
| | - Mark Jit
- Modelling and Economics Unit, Centre for Infections, Health Protection Agency, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, Tel: +44 (0)20 8327 7803, Fax: +44 (0)20 8327 7868,
| | - H. Lee Moffitt
- Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MRC-CANCONT, Tampa, FL 33612
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