1
|
Alim MA, Mumu TJ, Tamanna US, Khan MM, Miah MI, Islam MS, Jesmin ZA, Khan T, Hasan MR, Alam MJ, Murtaja Reza Linkon KM, Rahman MN, Begum R, Prodhan UK. Hypolipidemic effect and modulation of hepatic enzymes by different edible oils in obese Wistar rats. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25880. [PMID: 38384579 PMCID: PMC10878912 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study assessed the hypolipidemic effect and modulation of hepatic enzymes by different edible oils in obese Wistar rats. In order to conduct this study, 36 Wistar rats that were collected at 5 weeks of age and weighed an average of 70 g were split into two groups: 28 of them were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and 8 of them were fed a control diet. After 5 weeks of feeding, rats from the HFD (obese, n = 4) and the control diet group (n = 4) were sacrificed. Subsequently, the rest of obese rats (n = 24) were separated into six groups, including the continuing high-fat (CHF) diet group, rice bran oil (RBO) diet group, olive oil (OO) diet group, soybean oil (SO) diet group, cod liver oil (CLO) diet group, and sunflower oil (SFO) diet group, and the continuing control diet group (n = 4). Rats from each group were sacrificed following an additional 5 weeks, and all analytical tests were carried out. The results found that the interventions of RBO, CLO, and SFO in obese rats reduced their body weight non-significantly when compared with CHF. It was also observed that a non-significant reduction in weight of the heart, AAT, and EAT occurred by RBO, OO, SO, and CLO, while SFO reduced the AAT level significantly (p < 0.05). Besides, RBO, OO, SO, CLO, and SFO decreased IBAT and liver fat significantly compared to CHF. Similarly, the administration of RBO, OO, SO, and CLO reduced ALT significantly. RBO reduced GGT (p < 0.05) significantly, but other oils did not. The given oil has the efficiency to reduce TC, TAG, and LDL-C but increase HDL-C significantly. These findings suggest that different edible oils can ameliorate obesity, regulate lipid profiles, and modulate hepatic enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdul Alim
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tarana Jannat Mumu
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Ahsania Mission Cancer and General Hospital, Dhaka, 1230, Bangladesh
| | - Ummay Salma Tamanna
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Ibn Sina Consultation Centre, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Moin Khan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- SR Ingredients Ltd., Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| | - Md Imran Miah
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- CSF Global-Child Sight Foundation, Dhaka, 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahikul Islam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
- Akij Food and Beverage Ltd., Dhaka, 1208, Bangladesh
| | - Zannat Ara Jesmin
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tayeba Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakibul Hasan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Khan Md Murtaja Reza Linkon
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nannur Rahman
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Rokeya Begum
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Utpal Kumar Prodhan
- Department of Food Technology and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Life Science, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Banovic M, Grunert KG. Beyond sugar: Exploring the influence of health and naturalness framing on attitudes towards products with sweet proteins in Europe. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113767. [PMID: 38129000 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Amidst rising obesity rates in the EU and the significant public health impact of excessive sugar consumption, the debate on reducing sugar through reformulation with sweet proteins derived from precision fermentation gains prominence, presenting a viable alternative to traditional sugars and conventional sweeteners. We conducted two studies to investigate the effects of health (emphasizing sugar reduction) versus naturalness (highlighting sweet proteins as alternatives to artificial sweeteners) message framing on the acceptance of products reformulated with sweet proteins. Study 1 (N = 296, Denmark) evaluated the impact of health and naturalness message framing on attitudes towards such reformulations. Study 2, in a cross-cultural sample (N = 3,000 Denmark, Germany, and Poland), tested the mediating role of health perceptions and the moderating effects of BMI and guilt (Study 2a), as well as naturalness perceptions, sweetener use, and pleasure (Study 2b) on product attitudes. Results of Study 1 indicated that healthiness perceptions had a more persuasive influence than naturalness perceptions. The cross-cultural findings of Studies 2a and 2b revealed that BMI, sweetener usage frequency, anticipatory guilt, and pleasure can modulate these effects. These insights suggest that while both perceived healthiness and naturalness shape attitudes towards sweet protein-enriched products, the significance of health perceptions prevails, with anticipatory emotions of guilt enhancing this influence, particularly when sweet proteins substitute added sugar. Such evidence holds substantial implications for strategies aimed at reducing sugar consumption and fostering the acceptance of products containing alternative sweeteners.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Banovic
- MAPP Centre, Department of Management, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark.
| | - Klaus G Grunert
- MAPP Centre, Department of Management, Aarhus University, Fuglesangs Allé 4, 8210 Aarhus V, Denmark; School of Marketing and Communication, University of Vaasa, Wolffintie 32, FI-65200 Vaasa, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zandvakili I, Pulaski M, Pickett-Blakely O. A phenotypic approach to obesity treatment. Nutr Clin Pract 2023; 38:959-975. [PMID: 37277855 DOI: 10.1002/ncp.11013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease that increases morbidity and mortality and adversely affects quality of life. The rapid rise of obesity has outpaced the development and deployment of effective therapeutic interventions, thereby creating a global health crisis. The presentation, complications, and response to obesity treatments vary, yet lifestyle modification, which is the foundational therapeutic intervention for obesity, is often "one size fits all." The concept of personalized medicine uses genetic and phenotypic information as a guide for disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment and has been successfully applied in diseases such as cancer, but not in obesity. As we gain insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms of obesity and its phenotypic expression, specific pathways can be targeted to yield a greater, more sustained therapeutic impact in an individual patient with obesity. A phenotype-based pharmacologic treatment approach utilizing objective measures to classify patients into predominant obesity mechanism groups resulted in greater weight loss (compared with a non-phenotype-based approach) in a recent study by Acosta and colleagues. In this review, we discuss the application of lifestyle modifications, behavior therapy and pharmacotherapy using the obesity phenotype-based approach as a framework.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inuk Zandvakili
- Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Marya Pulaski
- Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Octavia Pickett-Blakely
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim A, Nguyen J, Babaei M, Kim A, Geller DH, Vidmar AP. A Narrative Review: Phentermine and Topiramate for the Treatment of Pediatric Obesity. Adolesc Health Med Ther 2023; 14:125-140. [PMID: 37641650 PMCID: PMC10460571 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s383454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased exponentially over the past four decades. The American Academy of Pediatrics recently released updated clinical practice guidelines highlighting the importance of identifying pediatric obesity as a chronic disease. The guidelines support consideration of concurrent treatment with intensive lifestyle interventions, obesity pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. The dramatic rise in pediatric obesity has spurred interest in utilizing obesity pharmacotherapy to support sustained weight reduction in pediatric cohorts, in the hopes of preventing the emergence of later-appearing, significant co-morbidities. Despite the enormous demand, the obstacles posed by performance of needed clinical trials in the pediatric population markedly limits available pharmacotherapy for the treatment of obesity in pediatrics. Currently, there are five medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in youth with obesity. In 2022, the phentermine/topiramate (PHEN/TPM), once-daily, controlled-release, combination product received FDA approval, for the indication of chronic weight management, in youth with obesity, ages 12 years and older. The objectives of this narrative review are to: (1) Review the mechanism of action of phentermine and topiramate, (2) Summarize the safety and efficacy data of topiramate and phentermine use as both monotherapies and in combination, and (3) Discuss clinical practice guidelines and clinical implications, for the use of these agents in youths with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Nguyen
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mahsa Babaei
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ahlee Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David H Geller
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alaina P Vidmar
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Department of Pediatrics, Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Johnson VR, Anekwe CV, Washington TB, Chhabria S, Tu L, Stanford FC. A Women's health perspective on managing obesity. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 78:11-16. [PMID: 37120120 PMCID: PMC10330433 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
While the prevalence of obesity in US men and women is nearly equivalent, obesity management in women requires a different approach that considers age and life stage in development including sexual maturation/reproduction, menopause and post-menopause. In this review, the diagnosis and treatment of obesity using lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy and metabolic and bariatric surgery are discussed from a women's health perspective, with emphasis on management during pregnancy and post-partum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica R Johnson
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States of America.
| | - Chika V Anekwe
- Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH Weight Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism Unit, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | - Shradha Chhabria
- Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH, United States of America; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States of America
| | - Lucy Tu
- Department of Sociology, Department of History of Science, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Fatima Cody Stanford
- Department of Medicine-Neuroendocrine Unit, Pediatric Endocrinology, MGH Weight Center, Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard, MA General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Adaptation and Validation of the Well-Being Related to Food Questionnaire (Well-BFQ©) for the French-Speaking General Adult Population of Québec, Canada. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051128. [PMID: 36904130 PMCID: PMC10005551 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Efforts to develop effective strategies that improve dietary intake are needed; however, this improvement in diet quality must not be at the expense of well-being. The Well-Being related to Food Questionnaire (Well-BFQ©) is a tool that has been developed in France to comprehensively measure food well-being. Even though the same language is spoken in France and in Québec, cultural and linguistic differences are present, which supports the importance of adapting and validating this tool before its use in the Québec population. This study aimed to adapt and validate the Well-BFQ© for the French-speaking general adult population of Québec, Canada. The Well-BFQ© underwent a full linguistic adaptation process, including an expert panel adaptation step, a pretest among 30 French-speaking adult (18-65 years) Quebecers, and a final proofreading. The questionnaire was thereafter administered to 203 French-speaking adult Quebecers (49.3% females, MAGE = 34.9, SD = 13.5; 88.2% Caucasians; 54.2% with a university degree). The exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor structure: (1) food well-being related to physical and psychological health (27 items) and (2) food well-being related to symbolic/pleasure of food (32 items). Internal consistency was adequate, with a Cronbach's α of 0.92 and 0.93, respectively, for the subscales, and 0.94 for the total scale. The total food well-being score, as well as the two subscale scores, were associated with psychological and eating-related variables in expected directions. Overall, the adapted version of the Well-BFQ© was found to be a valid instrument to measure food well-being in the French-speaking general adult population of Québec, Canada.
Collapse
|
7
|
Amiri S, Nezamdoost-Sani N, Mostashari P, McClements DJ, Marszałek K, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Effect of the molecular structure and mechanical properties of plant-based hydrogels in food systems to deliver probiotics: an updated review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2130-2156. [PMID: 36121429 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2121260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Probiotic products' economic value and market popularity have grown over time as more people discover their health advantages and adopt healthier lifestyles. There is a significant societal and cultural interest in these products known as foods or medicines. Products containing probiotics that claim to provide health advantages must maintain a "minimum therapeutic" level (107-106 CFU/g) of bacteria during their entire shelf lives. Since probiotic bacteria are susceptible to degradation and reduction by physical and chemical conditions (including acidity, natural antimicrobial agents, nutrient contents, redox potential, temperature, water activity, the existence of other bacteria, and sensitivity to metabolites), the most challenging problem for a food manufacturer is ensuring probiotic cells' survival and stability enhancement throughout the manufacturing stage. Currently, the use of plant-based hydrogels for improved and targeted probiotic delivery has gained substantial attention as a potential approach to overcoming the mentioned restrictions. To achieve the best possible results from hydrogels, whether used as a coating for encapsulated probiotics (with the goal of stomach protection) or as carriers for direct encapsulation of live microorganisms should be applied kind of procedures that ensure high bacterial survival during hydrogels application. This paper summarizes polysaccharides, proteins, and lipid-based hydrogels as carriers of encapsulated probiotics in delivery systems, reviews their structures, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, studies their mechanical characteristics, and draws comparisons between them. The discussion then turns to how the criterion affects encapsulation, applications, and future possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saber Amiri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Narmin Nezamdoost-Sani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Parisa Mostashari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Krystian Marszałek
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Barritt AS. We Are What We Eat: Food as Medicine in Health and Disease. Clin Ther 2022; 44:642-643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|