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Deng X, Zhou S, Hu Z, Gong F, Zhang J, Zhou C, Lan W, Gao X, Huang Y. Nicotinic Acid-Mediated Modulation of Metastasis-Associated Protein 1 Methylation and Inflammation in Brain Arteriovenous Malformation. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1495. [PMID: 37892177 PMCID: PMC10605296 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We explored metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) promoter methylation in the development of brain arteriovenous malformation (BAVM). The clinical data of 148 sex- and age-matched BAVMs and controls were collected, and the MTA1 DNA methylation in peripheral white blood cells (WBC) was assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing. Among them, 18 pairs of case-control samples were used for WBC mRNA detection, 32 pairs were used for WBC MTA1 protein measurement, and 50 pairs were used for plasma inflammatory factor analysis. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment was used to induce an inflammatory injury cell model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECS). 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA), nicotinic acid (NA), and MTA1 siRNAs were used in functional experiments to examine BMECS behaviors. RT-qPCR, Western blot, and ELISA or cytometric bead arrays were used to measure the expression levels of MTA1, cytokines, and signaling pathway proteins in human blood or BMECS. The degree of MTA1 promoter methylation was reduced in BAVM compared with the control group and was inversely proportional to MTA1 expression. Plasma ApoA concentrations in BAVM patients were significantly lower than those in controls and correlated positively with MTA1 promoter methylation and negatively with MTA1 expression. The expression of cytokine was markedly higher in BAVM than in controls. Cell experiments showed that 5-AZA decreased the methylation level of MTA1 and increased the expression of MTA1 protein. LPS treatment significantly increased cytokine concentrations (p < 0.05). NA and MTA1 silencing could effectively reverse the LPS-mediated increase in IL-6 and TNF-α expression through the NF-κB pathway. Our study indicated that NA may regulate MTA1 expression by affecting promoter DNA methylation, improve vascular inflammation through the NF-κB pathway, and alleviate the pathological development of BAVM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Ziliang Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi 315302, China
| | - Fanyong Gong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Junjun Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Wenting Lan
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China;
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315010, China; (X.D.); (S.Z.); (Z.H.); (F.G.); (J.Z.); (C.Z.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo 315010, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo 315010, China
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Calder PC. Fishing for resolution. Am J Clin Nutr 2022; 116:627-629. [PMID: 35849024 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Philip C Calder
- School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.,National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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3
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Fan ZK, Ma WJ, Zhang W, Li H, Zhai J, Zhao T, Guo XF, Sinclair AJ, Li D. Elevated serum phosphatidylcholine (16:1/22:6) levels promoted by fish oil and vitamin D 3 are highly correlated with biomarkers of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese subjects. Food Funct 2022; 13:11705-11714. [DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02349k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylcholine (16:1/22:6) was associated with improving inflammation and lipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-kai Fan
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wen-jun Ma
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Songshan Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- Songshan Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Zhai
- Songshan Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiao-fei Guo
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andrew J. Sinclair
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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4
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Ogłuszka M, Lipiński P, Starzyński RR. Interaction between iron and omega-3 fatty acids metabolisms: where is the cross-link? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:3002-3022. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1862047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Ogłuszka
- Department of Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Paweł Lipiński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
| | - Rafał Radosław Starzyński
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzębiec, Poland
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Gevariya N, Lachance G, Robitaille K, Joly Beauparlant C, Beaudoin L, Fournier É, Fradet Y, Droit A, Julien P, Marette A, Bergeron A, Fradet V. Omega-3 Eicosapentaenoic Acid Reduces Prostate Tumor Vascularity. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 19:516-527. [PMID: 33262291 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The impact of omega (ω)-3 fatty acids on prostate cancer is controversial in epidemiological studies but experimental studies suggest a protective effect. However, little is known about the mechanism of action. Here, we studied the effects of purified fatty acid molecules on prostate tumor progression using the TRAMP-C2 syngeneic immunocompetent mouse model. Compared with ω-6 or ω-9-supplemented animals, we observed that late-stage prostate tumor growth was reduced with a monoacylglyceride (MAG)-conjugated form of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation, whereas docosahexanenoic acid (DHA) caused an early reduction. MAG-EPA significantly decreased tumor blood vessel diameter (P < 0.001). RNA sequencing analysis revealed that MAG-EPA downregulated angiogenesis- and vascular-related pathways in tumors. We also observed this tissue vascular phenotype in a clinical trial testing MAG-EPA versus a high oleic sunflower oil placebo. Using anti-CD31 IHC, we observed that MAG-EPA reduced blood vessel diameter in prostate tumor tissue (P = 0.03) but not in normal adjacent tissue. Finally, testing autocrine and paracrine effects in an avascular tumor spheroid growth assay, both exogenous MAG-EPA and endogenous ω3 reduced VEGF secretion and in vitro endothelial cell tube formation and blocked tumor spheroid growth, suggesting that ω3 molecules can directly hinder prostate cancer cell growth. Altogether, our results suggest that fatty acids regulate prostate cancer growth and that a tumor-specific microenvironment is required for the anti-vascular effect of MAG-EPA in patients with prostate cancer. IMPLICATIONS: Increasing the amount of ingested EPA omega-3 subtype for patients with prostate cancer might help to reduce prostate tumor progression by reducing tumor vascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj Gevariya
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Gabriel Lachance
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Robitaille
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Charles Joly Beauparlant
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Lisanne Beaudoin
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Éric Fournier
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Laboratoire de bio-informatique and Centre de Génomique du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de recherche en endocrinologie, métabolisme et inflammation de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Centre de recherche de l'IUCPQ, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Alain Bergeron
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- Laboratoire d'Uro-Oncologie Expérimentale, Oncology Axis, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada. .,Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.,Centre nutrition, santé et société (NUTRISS) et Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Québec, Québec, Canada
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Tesser A, Torrinhas RSMM, Garla PC, Oliveira-Filho RS, Aprobato FGG, Tamanaha EM, Antunes MS, Sampaio GR, Torres E, Calder PC, Linetzky Waitzberg D. Is There an Advantage in Enriching Parenteral Lipid Emulsions Containing Fatty Acids From Fish Oil With Medium-Chain Triglycerides? A Study on Body Pool Concentrations of ω-3 Fatty Acids in Lewis Rats. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2020; 45:1581-1590. [PMID: 33111317 DOI: 10.1002/jpen.2041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The addition of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) into parenteral lipid emulsions rich in fatty acids from fish oil (FOLEs) has been shown to improve their clearance and extrahepatic uptake. We assessed whether this effect could favor the leukocyte uptake of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for immunomodulatory purposes METHODS: Following 5-day adaptation in metabolic cages, 42 male Lewis rats fed with AIN-93M chow were killed (baseline control group [BC]) or submitted to central venous catheterization and distributed into (1) surgical control group without parenteral infusion (chow group), (2) test emulsion (MCT/LCT/FO) group with the parenteral infusion of a FOLE containing 40% MCT, and (3) control emulsion group (LCT/FO) with the parenteral infusion of an FOLE without MCT. The 2 FOLEs had similar ω-3 PUFA contents and ω-6/ω-3 PUFA ratios and were infused during 48 and 72 hours. Concentrations of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs in plasma, liver, and blood mononuclear and polymorphonuclear leukocytes were assessed by gas chromatography RESULTS: In both FOLE groups, leukocyte concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs peaked after 48 hours' infusion (vs BC). At this time point, plasma concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs were higher in MCT/LCT/FO group than in LCT/FO group and the opposite was found in the liver (P<.05), but no differences in PUFA concentrations were observed between these groups in leukocytes (P>.05) CONCLUSION: The ω-3 PUFAs provided by FOLEs rich in MCT were less incorporated by liver and remained more available for extrahepatic cell delivery, but this did not result in a clear benefit in increasing their incorporation by peripheral leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alweyd Tesser
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel S M M Torrinhas
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila C Garla
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo S Oliveira-Filho
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe G G Aprobato
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Erika M Tamanaha
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcia S Antunes
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geni R Sampaio
- Laboratory of Bromatology, Departmento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Torres
- Laboratory of Bromatology, Departmento de Nutrição, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Philip C Calder
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.,NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolic Surgery (LIM-35), Department of Gastroenterology, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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7
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Bio-synthesized sardine oil concentrate alters the composition of hepatic lipids in rats: A lipidomic approach. Food Res Int 2020; 130:108874. [PMID: 32156343 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Both preventive and curative therapies have created a considerable demand for n-3 PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) from fish oil, such as eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids, for human use. Bio-synthesized sardine oil (bioSO) concentrate containing an acylglycerols mixture with 50% n-3 PUFAs was obtained by Candida cylindracea lipase hydrolysis and subsequently used for in vivo tests in animals. Wistar rats received, by gavage, a dose of 0.2 g/kg/day of bioSO or unmodified sardine oil (unSO) or saline solution (control) for three consecutive days and the liver tissue was evaluated by a selective and sensitive lipidomic approach based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MSE) and gas chromatography (GC). In addition, antioxidant parameters, response of oxidative stress marker and estimated fatty acid desaturase indexes were determined. The use of bioSO led to an increase in Cer d18:1/16:0, PE-Cer d14:2/18:0 and highly unsaturated phosphatylcholines (PC 38:4, PC 40:6 and PC 42:8) in the hepatic tissue membranes. There was also an increase in DHA incorporation in animals that received bioSO in comparison with the control animals. No differences in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity levels were observed between the groups, and malondialdehyde levels and delta 5-desaturase activity were higher in animals supplemented with bioSO. These results indicate that bioSO increase the hepatic incorporation of DHA, especially those esterified as PCs, and are probably absorbed and transported more effectively than the unSO. Enzymatically hydrolyzed compounds containing antioxidants may be a viable alternative for obtaining n-3 PUFA-enriched functional lipids.
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Dong J, Feng X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xia F, Liu L, Jin Z, Lu C, Xia Y, Papadimos TJ, Xu X. ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion preconditioning mitigates myocardial oxidative damage in rats through aldehydes stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 118:109198. [PMID: 31336342 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
ω-3 fish oil fat emulsions contain a considerable quantity of unsaturated carbon-carbon double bonds, which undergo lipid peroxidation to yield low-dose aldehydes. These aldehydes may stimulate the production of antioxidant enzymes, thereby mitigating myocardial oxidative damage. This study aims to (1) verify the cardioprotective effect of ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion in vivo and in vitro, and (2) determine whether aldehyde stress is a protective mechanism. For modeling purposes, we pretreated rats with 2 ml/kg of a 10% ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion for 5 days in order to generate a sufficient aldehyde stress response to trigger the production of antioxidant enzymes, and we obtained similar response with H9C2 cells that were pretreated with a 0.5% ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion for 24 h. ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion pretreatment in vivo reduced the myocardial infarct size, decreased the incidence of arrhythmias, and promoted the recovery of cardiac function after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Once the expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was silenced in H9C2 cells, aldehydes no longer produced enough antioxidant enzymes to reverse the oxidative damage caused by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). Our results demonstrated that ω-3 fish oil fat emulsion enhanced the inhibition of oxidation and production of free radicals, and alleviated myocardial oxidative injury via activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaona Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingxiong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangfang Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Le Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhousheng Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caijiao Lu
- Burn Wound Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J Papadimos
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Xuzhong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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Abstract
In Brazil, gaited horses are selected based on field tests, during which they move at speeds of 3 to 4 m/s for 30 to 60 min. To cover their nutrient requirements, feed manufacturers have developed oil-rich dietary supplements and concentrates. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of increasing the density of dietary fats in the feed of 16 Campolina horses undergoing intense gaited training. The training schedule consisted of training 4 × a week: 3 days riding for 60 min (10' warm-up, 40' doing marcha gait, and 10' cool down, and 1 day walking for 90'). The horses were divided in two groups: control and supplemented. The dietary supplementation was isocaloric, with the control group receiving an ordinary concentrate (3.5% fat) and the supplemented group fed 1.0 kg of the supplement (18% fat) plus the ordinary concentrate. Both groups had free access to fresh grass, salt and water. Blood samples were collected prior to and after 4 and 8 weeks of supplementation to calculate the complete blood count, glucose, total protein, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA). The results were evaluated by ANOVA and Tukey's test (P < 0.05). The supplemented group showed elevated levels of NEFA, red blood cells and haematocrit (P < 0.05), while the control group showed high triglyceride concentrations; both groups showed reduced plasma protein concentrations (P < 0.05). The other indices did not change (P > 0.05). The increase in dietary fat intake increased the blood lipid biomarkers and antioxidant capacity of gaited horses during intense training, possibly contributing to improve their metabolic performance.
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Cruz-Hernandez C, Thakkar SK, Masserey-Elmelegy I, Buosi W, Fontannaz P, Giuffrida F. Quantification of fatty acids in erythrocytes and plasma by fast gas chromatography. J Sep Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Eltweri AM, Thomas AL, Fisk HL, Arshad A, Calder PC, Dennison AR, Bowrey DJ. Plasma and erythrocyte uptake of omega-3 fatty acids from an intravenous fish oil based lipid emulsion in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer. Clin Nutr 2016; 36:768-774. [PMID: 27342748 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been demonstrated that short term intravenous (IV) administration of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is more effective than oral supplementation at promoting incorporation of the bioactive omega-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) into plasma, blood cells and tissues. The effect of repeated short term IV infusion of omega-3 PUFAs was investigated in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer during palliative chemotherapy. METHODS Patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer (n = 21) were recruited into a phase II pilot clinical trial. All patients were scheduled for an intravenous infusion of Omegaven® (fish oil supplement containing EPA and DHA) at a rate of 2 ml/kg body weight for 4 h once a week for up to six months. Blood samples were collected to assess omega-3 PUFA uptake into plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and phosphatidylcholine (PC) and into red blood cell (RBC) membranes. Fatty acid profiles were analysed by gas chromatography. RESULTS Twenty patients received at least one Omegaven® treatment and were included in the analysis. Each infusion of omega-3 PUFAs resulted in increased EPA and DHA in plasma NEFAs, but there was little effect on PUFAs within plasma PC during the infusions. However, with repeated weekly infusion of omega-3 PUFAs, the EPA content of plasma PC and of RBC membranes increased. CONCLUSION Repeated weekly omega-3 PUFA infusion is effective in enriching plasma PC and RBC membranes in EPA in patients with advanced oesophagogastric cancer receiving palliative chemotherapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials.Gov NCT01870791.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Eltweri
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK.
| | - A L Thomas
- Department of Cancer Studies, University of Leicester, Leicester LE2 7LX, UK
| | - H L Fisk
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - A Arshad
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - P C Calder
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK; NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - A R Dennison
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - D J Bowrey
- Department of Surgery, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
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12
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Navarro-Xavier RA, de Barros KV, de Andrade IS, Palomino Z, Casarini DE, Flor Silveira VL. Protective effect of soybean oil- or fish oil-rich diets on allergic airway inflammation. J Inflamm Res 2016; 9:79-89. [PMID: 27274303 PMCID: PMC4876943 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s102221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases in westernized societies has been associated with increased intake of diets rich in n-6 fatty acids (FAs) and poor in n-3 FAs. This study aimed to analyze the prophylactic effects of treatment with a soybean oil-rich diet (rich in n-6) or fish oil (rich in n-3) in an allergic airway inflammation model on lung inflammation score, leukocyte migration, T-helper cell (Th)-2 (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5) and Th1 (interferon [IFN]-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α) cytokines, lipoxin A4, nitric oxide, bradykinin, and corticosterone levels in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) or lungs. METHODS Male Wistar rats fed with soybean oil- or fish oil-rich diet or standard rat chow were sensitized twice with ovalbumin-alumen and challenged twice with ovalbumin aerosol. The BAL and lungs were examined 24 hours later. RESULTS Both diets, rich in n-6 or n-3 FAs, impaired the allergic lung inflammation and reduced leukocyte migration, eosinophil and neutrophil percentages, and IL-4/IL-5/bradykinin levels in BAL and/or lungs, as well as increased the nitric oxide levels in BAL. The soybean oil-rich diet additionally increased the levels of lipoxin A4 and corticosterone in the lungs. CONCLUSION Data presented demonstrated that the n-6 FA-rich diet had protective effect upon allergic airway inflammation and was as anti-inflammatory as the n-3 FA-rich diet, although through different mechanisms, suggesting that both diets could be considered as complementary therapy or a prophylactic alternative for allergic airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zaira Palomino
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dulce Elena Casarini
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Flor Silveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
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13
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Zirpoli H, Abdillahi M, Quadri N, Ananthakrishnan R, Wang L, Rosario R, Zhu Z, Deckelbaum RJ, Ramasamy R. Acute administration of n-3 rich triglyceride emulsions provides cardioprotection in murine models after ischemia-reperfusion. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116274. [PMID: 25559887 PMCID: PMC4283969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary n-3 fatty acids (FAs) may reduce cardiovascular disease risk. We questioned whether acute administration of n-3 rich triglyceride (TG) emulsions could preserve cardiac function and decrease injury after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult. We used two different experimental models: in vivo, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and ex-vivo, C57BL/6 murine hearts were perfused using Langendorff technique (LT). In the LAD model, mice treated with n-3 TG emulsion (1.5g/kg body weight), immediately after ischemia and 1h later during reperfusion, significantly reduced infarct size and maintained cardiac function (p<0.05). In the LT model, administration of n-3 TG emulsion (300mgTG/100ml) during reperfusion significantly improved functional recovery (p<0.05). In both models, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels, as a marker of injury, were significantly reduced by n-3 TG emulsion. To investigate the mechanisms by which n-3 FAs protects hearts from I/R injury, we investigated changes in key pathways linked to cardioprotection. In the ex-vivo model, we showed that n-3 FAs increased phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β proteins (p<0.05). Acute n-3 TG emulsion treatment also increased Bcl-2 protein level and reduced an autophagy marker, Beclin-1 (p<0.05). Additionally, cardioprotection by n-3 TG emulsion was linked to changes in PPARγ protein expression (p<0.05). Rosiglitazone and p-AKT inhibitor counteracted the positive effect of n-3 TG; GSK3β inhibitor plus n-3 TG significantly inhibited LDH release. We conclude that acute n-3 TG injection during reperfusion provides cardioprotection. This may prove to be a novel acute adjunctive reperfusion therapy after treating patients with myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hylde Zirpoli
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Mariane Abdillahi
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Nosirudeen Quadri
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Radha Ananthakrishnan
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Lingjie Wang
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Rosa Rosario
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zhengbin Zhu
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Deckelbaum
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (R. Ramasamy); (RJD)
| | - Ravichandran Ramasamy
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail: (R. Ramasamy); (RJD)
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14
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Sorensen LS, Thorlacius-Ussing O, Rasmussen HH, Lundbye-Christensen S, Calder PC, Lindorff-Larsen K, Schmidt EB. Effects of perioperative supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids on leukotriene B₄ and leukotriene B₅ production by stimulated neutrophils in patients with colorectal cancer: a randomized, placebo-controlled intervention trial. Nutrients 2014; 6:4043-57. [PMID: 25268838 PMCID: PMC4210906 DOI: 10.3390/nu6104043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) may have beneficial clinical and immune-modulating effects in surgical patients. In a randomized, double-blind, prospective, placebo-controlled trial, 148 patients referred for elective colorectal cancer surgery received an n-3 FA-enriched oral nutritional supplement (ONS) providing 2.0 g of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and 1.0 g of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) per day or a standard ONS for seven days before surgery. On the day of operation, there was a significant increase in the production of leukotriene B5 (LTB5) (p < 0.01) and 5-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (5-HEPE) (p < 0.01), a significant decrease in the production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (p < 0.01) and a trend for a decrease in the production of 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) (p < 0.1) from stimulated neutrophils in the active group compared with controls. There was no association between LTB4 values and postoperative complications. In conclusion, oral n-3 FA exerts anti-inflammatory effects in surgical patients, without reducing the risk of postoperative complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lone S Sorensen
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Ole Thorlacius-Ussing
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Henrik H Rasmussen
- Center for Nutrition and Bowel Disease, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Søren Lundbye-Christensen
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Philip C Calder
- National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust and University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
| | - Karen Lindorff-Larsen
- NordSim, Center for Simulation, Skills Training, Science and Innovation, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Erik B Schmidt
- Department of Cardiology, Center for Cardiovascular Research, Aalborg University Hospital, 9000 Aalborg, Denmark.
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15
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Scorletti E, Bhatia L, McCormick KG, Clough GF, Nash K, Calder PC, Byrne CD. Design and rationale of the WELCOME trial: A randomised, placebo controlled study to test the efficacy of purified long chainomega-3 fatty acid treatment in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [corrected]. Contemp Clin Trials 2014; 37:301-11. [PMID: 24556343 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Revised: 01/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a range of liver conditions from simple fatty liver to progressive end stage liver disease requiring liver transplantation. NAFLD is common in the population and in certain sub groups (e.g. type 2 diabetes) up to 70% of patients may be affected. NAFLD is not only a cause of end stage liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma, but is also an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Consequently, effective treatments for NAFLD are urgently needed. OBJECTIVES The WELCOME study is testing the hypothesis that treatment with high dose purified long chain omega-3 fatty acids will have a beneficial effect on a) liver fat percentage and b) two histologically validated algorithmically-derived biomarker scores for liver fibrosis. DESIGN In a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial, 103 participants with NAFLD were randomised to 15-18months treatment with either 4g/day purified long chain omega-3 fatty acids (Omacor) or 4g/day olive oil as placebo. Erythrocyte percentage DHA and EPA enrichment (a validated proxy for hepatic enrichment) was determined by gas chromatography. Liver fat percentage was measured in three discrete liver zones by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). We also measured body fat distribution, physical activity and a range of cardiometabolic risk factors. METHODS Recruitment started in January 2010 and ended in June 2011. We identified 178 potential participants, and randomised 103 participants who met the inclusion criteria. The WELCOME study was approved by the local ethics committee (REC: 08/H0502/165; www.clinicalTrials.gov registration number NCT00760513).
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Affiliation(s)
- E Scorletti
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
| | - L Bhatia
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - K G McCormick
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - G F Clough
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - K Nash
- Hepatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - P C Calder
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - C D Byrne
- Human Development and Health Academic Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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