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Hamulka J, Sulich A, Górnicka M, Jeruszka-Bielak M. Changes in Plasma Carotenoid Concentrations during the AntioxObesity Weight Reduction Program among Adults with Excessive Body Weight. Nutrients 2023; 15:4890. [PMID: 38068747 PMCID: PMC10708139 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma carotenoid concentrations are associated with antioxidant defense which might be disturbed in people with excessive body weight (EBW). This study aimed at evaluating the effect of a 6-week weight reduction program on plasma concentration of β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin in adults with EBW. A total of 130 adults were recruited for the study; 75 completed the program. Data on food consumption were collected with a 3-day recording method and a semi-quantitative FFQ. Body height, body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) were measured. Lipid profile, β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin were analyzed in blood. The AntioxObesity program resulted in a significant reduction in BW, WC, FM, SAT, and VAT. The mean plasma concentrations of β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein/zeaxanthin increased significantly after intervention. A reduction in FM above 4 kg significantly increased the concentration of β-carotene, lutein/zeaxanthin, and total carotenoids. An increase in carotenoid levels correlated with FM reduction, as fruit and vegetable intake remained unchanged. However, this effect may vary due to gender, HDL-cholesterol, body fat content, and obesity status in the weight loss process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland; (A.S.); (M.G.); (M.J.-B.)
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2
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Białkowska A, Górnicka M, Zielinska-Pukos MA, Hallmann E, Hamulka J. Plasma Carotenoids and Polyphenols and Their Association with MetS: The Need for Nutritional Interventions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1336. [PMID: 37507876 PMCID: PMC10376012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by increased pro-oxidative stress and a chronic inflammation state and their consequent alterations. Several studies have highlighted the protective effect of carotenoids and polyphenols in MetS patients. This study aimed to evaluate the plasma level of selected carotenoids and polyphenols and to determine their relationship with MetS severity, MetS components, and inflammatory markers in Polish adults with metabolic disorders. It was designed as a cross-sectional study. The final study group comprised 275 adults, including 158 women and 117 men. Data were collected on the frequency of consumption of selected food groups. Anthropometric measurements and blood samples were taken to determine the concentration of carotenoids, polyphenols, and indicators (parameters) of metabolic disorders. Plasma concentrations of selected carotenoids and polyphenols were low in adults with MetS. The highest concentrations of carotenoids and polyphenols in the blood were observed for lutein and phenolic acids (including gallic and p-coumaric acids). Nevertheless, a correlation was found between the individual bioactive compounds and MetS components. In terms of the lipid profile, our study showed that the plasma of the selected carotenoids and polyphenols positively correlated with HDL cholesterol (zeaxanthin; total carotenoids), LDL cholesterol (chlorogenic acid), triglycerides (lycopene), and the total cholesterol (kaempferol). We found that the level of CRP as a marker of inflammation negatively correlated with the concentration of zeaxanthin. In our study group, no relationship was found between the dietary antioxidant intensity and the variables studied, which may be attributed to the low frequency of consumption of the sources of bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids and polyphenols, but also to the metabolic disorders. Further research is needed to determine whether these associations are causally related to the metabolic syndrome or are a result of the pathologies of the syndrome or improper diet with a low intake of vegetables and fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Białkowska
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górnicka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika A Zielinska-Pukos
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Hallmann
- Department of Functional and Organic Food, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Hamulka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Khan ZS, Sodhi NS, Fayaz S, Wani SA, Bhat MS, Mishra HN, Bakshi RA, Dar BN, Dhillon B. Seabuckthorn seed protein concentrate: a novel seed protein; emulsifying properties as affected by ultrasonication and enzymatic hydrolysis. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zakir Showkat Khan
- Department of Food Technology, GNDU Amritsar Punjab India
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Science & Technology Kashmir India
| | | | - Shemilah Fayaz
- Department of Food Technology, GNDU Amritsar Punjab India
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Science & Technology Kashmir India
| | - Sajad Ahmad Wani
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Science & Technology Kashmir India
| | - Mohmad Sayeed Bhat
- Department of Food Engineering & Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India
| | - H. N. Mishra
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur India
| | - Rayees Ahmad Bakshi
- Department of Food Technology, GNDU Amritsar Punjab India
- Department of Food Science & Technology University of Kashmir India
| | - B. N. Dar
- Department of Food Technology Islamic University of Science & Technology Kashmir India
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Zhao T, Cao Z, Yu J, Weng X, Benjakul S, Guidi A, Ying X, Ma L, Xiao G, Deng S. Gas-phase ion migration spectrum analysis of the volatile flavors of large yellow croaker oil after different storage periods. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:813-822. [PMID: 35592694 PMCID: PMC9110977 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The large yellow croaker, a species of fish found in the northwestern Pacific, is favored by consumers because of its prevalence in saltwater bodies, golden yellow abdomen, high calcium content, high protein, high fat content, and a flavor that originates from its lipids and volatile components. Volatile organic compounds significantly affect the aroma of food. In this work, electronic nose and headspace gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry were applied to analyze the flavor differences in fish oil durations. Through electronic nose system analysis, sensors W1C, W3S, W6S, and W2S directly affected fish oil flavor, and their flavor components were different. Gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry identified 26 volatile components (19 aldehydes, 3 ketones, 2 alcohols, 1 furan, and 1 olefin). (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal (D), (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal (M), 2,4-heptadienal (M), (E)-2-octenal, 2-propanone, 2-heptanone (M), 3-pentanone (D), and 1-octen-3-ol were the key flavor components of the fish oil. In conclusion, the combination of GC-IMS and PCA can identify the differences in flavor changes of large yellow croaker oil during 0–120 days storage. After 60 days storage, the types and signals of 2-propanone, 2-heptanone (M) components increase significantly. When 120 days storage, at this time, (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal (D), (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal (M), 2,4-heptadienal (M), (E)-2-octenal,(E)-2-octenal significantly. It has become the main flavor substance of fish oil. In summary, as the storage period increases, the components increase, and the oxidizing substances will increase, resulting in the deterioration of fish oil. The oxidation state of Large yellow croaker oil in different storage periods was investigated. The volatile compounds of Large yellow croaker oil were studied by GC-IMS. The effects of storage period on the composition of large yellow croaker oil samples were tested. We believe GC-IMS will play a crucial role in controlling the flavor of fish oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - Zhongqi Cao
- Sinopec Dalian Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals, Dalian Lioaning, 116045, China
| | - Jin Yu
- Longyou Aquaculture Development Center, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Longyou County, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Xudong Weng
- Longyou Aquaculture Development Center, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Longyou County, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- International Center of Excellence in Seafood Science and Innovation, Faculty of Agro-Industry. Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Alessandra Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment (DAFE), Pisa University, Via Del Borghetto, 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Xiaoguo Ying
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
- Longyou Aquaculture Development Center, Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Longyou County, Quzhou, 324000, China
- Corresponding author. No.1 Haida South Road, Lincheng Changzhi Island, Zhoushan, Zhejiang province, 316022, PR China.
| | - Lukai Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
- Academy of Contemporary Agricultural Engineering Innovations, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
- Corresponding author. No.24 Dongsha Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong province, 510225, PR China.
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Lingnan Specialty Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry and Food, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China
| | - Shanggui Deng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood, Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, College of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
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Abdul Aziz M, Ullah Z, Adnan M, Sõukand R, Pieroni A. The Fading Wild Plant Food-Medicines in Upper Chitral, NW Pakistan. Foods 2021; 10:2494. [PMID: 34681546 PMCID: PMC8536072 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The subject of food-medicines (foods ingested in order to obtain a therapeutic activity or to prevent diseases) is garnering increasing attention from both ethnobiologists and ethnopharmacologists as diet-related chronic diseases are one of the major problems resulting in a large proportion of deaths globally, which calls for interest from the scientific community to make sensible decisions in the field of food and medicine. In this regard, the current study is an important attempt at providing baseline data for developing healthy and curative food ingredients. This study aimed at recording the culinary and medicinal uses of wild food plants (WFPs) in the remote Mastuj Valley, located at the extreme north of Chitral District, Pakistan. An ethnobotanical survey was completed via 30 in-depth semi-structured interviews with local knowledge holders to record the food and medicinal uses of WFPs in the study area. A total of 43 WFPs were recorded, most of which were used as cooked vegetables and raw snacks. Leaves were the most frequently used plant part. A remarkable proportion (81%) of use reports for the recorded wild plant taxa were quoted as food-medicines or medicinal foods, while very few were reported as either food or medicines, without any relationship between uses in these two domains. Previous ethnomedicinal studies from nearby regions have shown that most of the recorded wild plants have been used as medicines, thus supporting the findings of the current study. A literature survey revealed that many of the reported medicinal uses (33%) for the quoted WFPs were not verifiable on PubMed as they have not been studied for their respective medicinal actions. We observed that most of the plants quoted here have disappeared from the traditional food and medicinal system, which may be attributed to the invasion of the food market and the prevalence of allopathic medicine. However, knowledge of these wild plants is still alive in memory, and women are the main holders of cultural knowledge as they use it to manage the cooking and processing of WFPs. Therefore, in this context, we strongly recommend the preservation of local biocultural heritage, promoted through future development and educational programs, which could represent a timely response to the loss of cultural and traditional knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Aziz
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy;
| | - Zahid Ullah
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, Kanju 19201, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan;
| | - Renata Sõukand
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia, Italy;
| | - Andrea Pieroni
- University of Gastronomic Sciences, Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II 9, 12042 Pollenzo, Italy;
- Department of Medical Analysis, Tishk International University, Erbil 4401, Iraq
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Gâtlan AM, Gutt G. Sea Buckthorn in Plant Based Diets. An Analytical Approach of Sea Buckthorn Fruits Composition: Nutritional Value, Applications, and Health Benefits. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18178986. [PMID: 34501575 PMCID: PMC8431556 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18178986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Current nutritional trends include plant-based diets as nutritional behavior of consumers who are increasingly concerned about a healthy lifestyle. Sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides L.) is a plant with great virtues, containing more than 100 types of compounds. It is a plant with versatile properties, multiple economic advantages and a rich history, which still continues in natural medicine, and it is hence included in the daily diet by more and more people for the prevention and treatment of diet-related diseases. Its uniqueness is due to its chemical composition and the health beneficial properties that rise from its composition. This review is a detailed analytical picture of the current state of knowledge currently available regarding the Hippophaë plant, providing an overview of the qualities of sea buckthorn. This article summarizes data on sea buckthorn’s nutritional value, health beneficial properties, and its applications.
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Szewczyk K, Chojnacka A, Górnicka M. Tocopherols and Tocotrienols-Bioactive Dietary Compounds; What Is Certain, What Is Doubt? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6222. [PMID: 34207571 PMCID: PMC8227182 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tocopherols and tocotrienols are natural compounds of plant origin, available in the nature. They are supplied in various amounts in a diet, mainly from vegetable oils, some oilseeds, and nuts. The main forms in the diet are α- and γ-tocopherol, due to the highest content in food products. Nevertheless, α-tocopherol is the main form of vitamin E with the highest tissue concentration. The α- forms of both tocopherols and tocotrienols are considered as the most metabolically active. Currently, research results indicate also a greater antioxidant potential of tocotrienols than tocopherols. Moreover, the biological role of vitamin E metabolites have received increasing interest. The aim of this review is to update the knowledge of tocopherol and tocotrienol bioactivity, with a particular focus on their bioavailability, distribution, and metabolism determinants in humans. Almost one hundred years after the start of research on α-tocopherol, its biological properties are still under investigation. For several decades, researchers' interest in the biological importance of other forms of vitamin E has also been growing. Some of the functions, for instance the antioxidant functions of α- and γ-tocopherols, have been confirmed in humans, while others, such as the relationship with metabolic disorders, are still under investigation. Some studies, which analyzed the biological role and mechanisms of tocopherols and tocotrienols over the past few years described new and even unexpected cellular and molecular properties that will be the subject of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kacper Szewczyk
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Chojnacka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Górnicka
- Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 159C Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Gajewska J, Ambroszkiewicz J, Szamotulska K, Klemarczyk W, Weker H, Chełchowska M. Associations Between Antioxidant Vitamin Status, Dietary Intake, and Retinol-binding Protein 4 Levels in Prepubertal Obese Children After 3-month Weight Loss Therapy. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2021; 13:187-197. [PMID: 33261247 PMCID: PMC8186328 DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.galenos.2020.2020.0207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adiposity is associated with increased oxidative stress, leading to changed fat-soluble vitamin concentrations. The aim of this study was to determine whether weight loss alters fat-soluble vitamin status and whether these alterations are associated with dietary intake, anthropometric parameters and adipokines in obese children. METHODS Vitamin A and E concentrations were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography in 60 obese children before and after weight loss therapy. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4), leptin, soluble leptin receptor (sOB-R), and high molecular weight adiponectin concentrations were determined by immunoenzymatic assays. RESULTS The intake of vitamin E was lower in obese children with weight loss after therapy (p=0.038). In this group, an increase was found in the vitamin A/lipids (p=0.022) and the vitamin E/lipids (p=0.008) ratios but due to the reduction in triglyceride levels. In the obese group, changes in vitamin E level were positively correlated with changes in dietary vitamin E (p=0.017) and the leptin/sOB-R ratio (p=0.046). Changes in vitamin A level were positively correlated with changes in dietary vitamin A (p=0.001) and RBP4 concentration (p=0.023). Associations between changes in RBP4 level with the changes in body mass index (BMI) (p=0.011) and total cholesterol concentration (p=0.023) but not with changes in vitamin A concentration were found in the obese after therapy. CONCLUSION An increased risk of vitamin E deficiency may occur in children losing weight during lifestyle intervention. Changes in BMI value may influence changes in RBP4 concentrations and consequently the vitamin A status in obese children after therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Gajewska
- Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Warsaw, Poland,* Address for Correspondence: Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Warsaw, Poland Phone: +48/22/3277260 E-mail:
| | - Jadwiga Ambroszkiewicz
- Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szamotulska
- Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Klemarczyk
- Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Nutrition, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Halina Weker
- Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Nutrition, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Chełchowska
- Institute of Mother and Child, Department of Screening and Metabolic Diagnostics, Warsaw, Poland
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The Application of Supercritical Fluids Technology to Recover Healthy Valuable Compounds from Marine and Agricultural Food Processing By-Products: A Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9020357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food by-products contain a remarkable source of bioactive molecules with many benefits for humans; therefore, their exploitation can be an excellent opportunity for the food sector. Moreover, the revalorization of these by-products to produce value-added compounds is considered pivotal for sustainable growth based on a circular economy. Traditional extraction technologies have several drawbacks mainly related to the consumption of hazardous organic solvents, and the high temperatures maintained for long extraction periods which cause the degradation of thermolabile compounds as well as a low extraction efficiency of desired compounds. In this context, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) has been explored as a suitable green technology for the recovery of a broad range of bioactive compounds from different types of agri-food wastes. This review describes the working principle and development of SFE technology to valorize by-products from different origin (marine, fruit, vegetable, nuts, and other plants). In addition, the potential effects of the extracted active substances on human health were also approached.
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Higgins MR, Izadi A, Kaviani M. Antioxidants and Exercise Performance: With a Focus on Vitamin E and C Supplementation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E8452. [PMID: 33203106 PMCID: PMC7697466 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17228452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Antioxidant supplementation, including vitamin E and C supplementation, has recently received recognition among athletes as a possible method for enhancing athletic performance. Increased oxidative stress during exercise results in the production of free radicals, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Despite their negative effects on performance, free radicals may act as signaling molecules enhancing protection against greater physical stress. Current evidence suggests that antioxidant supplementation may impair these adaptations. Apart from athletes training at altitude and those looking for an immediate, short-term performance enhancement, supplementation with vitamin E does not appear to be beneficial. Moreover, the effectiveness of vitamin E and C alone and/or combined on muscle mass and strength have been inconsistent. Given that antioxidant supplements (e.g., vitamin E and C) tend to block anabolic signaling pathways, and thus, impair adaptations to resistance training, special caution should be taken with these supplements. It is recommended that athletes consume a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which provides vitamins, minerals phytochemicals, and other bioactive compounds to meet the recommended intakes of vitamin E and C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalyn Riley Higgins
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada;
| | - Azimeh Izadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran;
| | - Mojtaba Kaviani
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada;
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Li Y, Li J, Cao P, Liu Y. Sinapine-enriched rapeseed oils reduced fatty liver formation in high-fat diet-fed C57BL/6J mice. RSC Adv 2020; 10:21248-21258. [PMID: 35518778 PMCID: PMC9054371 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00215a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oil enrichment with trace amounts of components has significant effects on animal nutrition and health. In this work, the potential impact of sinapine, a trace amount of polyphenol naturally present in rapeseeds, was investigated in high-fat diet (HF)-fed C57BL/6J mice. The mice were fed with different diets including chow diet (LF), HF diet, rapeseed oil-containing HF diet (RO), and rapeseed oils enriched with sinapine (500 mg kg-1 oil, high-fat diet, RP) for 12 weeks. Here, it was demonstrated that sinapine supplementation significantly reduced (P < 0.05) body weight increase, fat accumulation, and fatty liver formation in mice when compared with those fed with a high-fat diet. The TG, LDL-C, ALT and AST levels in the RP group were significantly reduced (P < 0.05) by 15.67%, 73.62%, 20.67%, and 31.58%, respectively, compared with that in the HF group. Besides, the addition of sinapine prevented the degeneration of mouse adipocytes and lipid accumulation in the liver. Moreover, this change was achieved by downregulating SREBP-1c and FAS and upregulating PPAR-α and ACOX1 gene expression levels. Our results indicate that sinapine can be used as a prebiotic to enhance the nutritional function of vegetable oils to prevent obesity-related chronic diseases such as NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youdong Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081 +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081
| | - Jinwei Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081 +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Centre for Functional Food, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Peirang Cao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081 +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Centre for Functional Food, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081 +86-510-85876799 +86-510-85329081
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Centre for Functional Food, Jiangnan University 1800 Lihu Road Wuxi 214122 Jiangsu People's Republic of China
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Ciesarová Z, Murkovic M, Cejpek K, Kreps F, Tobolková B, Koplík R, Belajová E, Kukurová K, Daško Ľ, Panovská Z, Revenco D, Burčová Z. Why is sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) so exceptional? A review. Food Res Int 2020; 133:109170. [PMID: 32466930 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sea buckthorn (Hippophae L.) is a valuable, multipurpose plant extensively grown in Asia, Europe and Canada. In order to use it in the best way for products of human nutrition, it is necessary to recognize its positive aspects and to eliminate the negative ones. The exceptional value of sea buckthorn can be seen in the presence of both lipophilic antioxidants (mainly carotenoids and tocopherols) and hydrophilic antioxidants (flavonoids, tannins, phenolic acids, ascorbic acid) in remarkably high quantities. Some of the main nutrients, especially lipids of advantageous fatty acid composition, contribute to nutritional benefits of sea buckthorn products for a consumer as well. This review article focuses, besides the above mentioned compounds and vitamins, also on other important components, such as sugars, sugar derivatives, fibre, organic acids, proteins, amino acids and mineral elements. The article also deals with the effects of sea buckthorn components on the course of non-enzymatic browning of food and in vivo glycation. In addition, sensory perception of sea buckthorn and its constituents from the consumers point of view is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Ciesarová
- NPPC National Agricultural and Food Centre, Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, 824 75 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic.
| | - Michael Murkovic
- Graz University of Technology, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Chemical and Process Engineering and Biotechnology, Institute of Biochemistry, Petersgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Karel Cejpek
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, the Czech Republic
| | - František Kreps
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic
| | - Blanka Tobolková
- NPPC National Agricultural and Food Centre, Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, 824 75 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic
| | - Richard Koplík
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, the Czech Republic
| | - Elena Belajová
- NPPC National Agricultural and Food Centre, Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, 824 75 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic
| | - Kristína Kukurová
- NPPC National Agricultural and Food Centre, Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, 824 75 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic
| | - Ľubomír Daško
- NPPC National Agricultural and Food Centre, Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, 824 75 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic
| | - Zdenka Panovská
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, the Czech Republic
| | - Diomid Revenco
- University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Faculty of Food and Biochemical Technology, Technická 5, 166 28 Praha 6, the Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Burčová
- Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, the Slovak Republic
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Li Y, Zhang L, Xu YJ, Li J, Cao P, Liu Y. Evaluation of the functional quality of rapeseed oil obtained by different extraction processes in a Sprague-Dawley rat model. Food Funct 2020; 10:6503-6516. [PMID: 31536073 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo01592b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nutritional function of vegetable oil is influenced by different oil extraction methods. In this study, the effects of different processing techniques on the quality of rapeseed oil and animal lipid metabolism were evaluated. Results showed that rapeseed oil obtained by the aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) method had the highest polyphenol (152.08 ± 11.44 mg GAE per kg), α-tocopherol (208.97 ± 15.84 mg kg-1), and β-carotene (5.40 mg kg-1) contents and a better oxidation resistance. It was noted in an experiment on rats fed with diets containing rapeseed oils that AEE rapeseed oil reduces total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate transaminase (ALT) and alanine transaminase (AST) in high-fat diet rats by 27.09%, 11.81%, 35.52%, 31.02% and 27.61%, respectively, and the body and liver weights of rats were decreased. mRNA expression indicated that AEE could significantly down-regulate fatty acid synthase (FAS) and up-regulate acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1) gene expression levels (P < 0.05). These results suggested that the AEE method can increase the content of trace active substances in rapeseed oil and ameliorate chronic diseases induced by a high-fat diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youdong Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Ferroportin-Hepcidin Axis in Prepubertal Obese Children with Sufficient Daily Iron Intake. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15102156. [PMID: 30275363 PMCID: PMC6210055 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15102156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron metabolism may be disrupted in obesity, therefore, the present study assessed the iron status, especially ferroportin and hepcidin concentrations, as well as associations between the ferroportin-hepcidin axis and other iron markers in prepubertal obese children. The following were determined: serum ferroportin, hepcidin, ferritin, soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), iron concentrations and values of hematological parameters as well as the daily dietary intake in 40 obese and 40 normal-weight children. The ferroportin/hepcidin and ferritin/hepcidin ratios were almost two-fold lower in obese children (p = 0.001; p = 0.026, respectively). Similar iron concentrations (13.2 vs. 15.2 µmol/L, p = 0.324), the sTfR/ferritin index (0.033 vs. 0.041, p = 0.384) and values of hematological parameters were found in obese and control groups, respectively. Iron daily intake in the obese children examined was consistent with recommendations. In this group, the ferroportin/hepcidin ratio positively correlated with energy intake (p = 0.012), dietary iron (p = 0.003) and vitamin B12 (p = 0.024). In the multivariate regression model an association between the ferroportin/hepcidin ratio and the sTfR/ferritin index in obese children (β = 0.399, p = 0.017) was found. These associations did not exist in the controls. The results obtained suggest that in obese children with sufficient iron intake, the altered ferroportin-hepcidin axis may occur without signs of iron deficiency or iron deficiency anemia. The role of other micronutrients, besides dietary iron, may also be considered in the iron status of these children.
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