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Hernandez E, Hohman EE, Ferrante MJ, Anzman-Frasca S, Paul IM, Savage JS. Toddler dietary patterns from the INSIGHT randomized clinical trial comparing responsive parenting versus control: A latent class analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:141-149. [PMID: 37854008 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a responsive parenting (RP) intervention on toddler diet and explore associations with mothers' infant feeding practices and child weight status. METHODS INSIGHT tested an RP intervention designed for the prevention of obesity against a safety control among primiparous mothers and their infants. Mothers reported on feeding practices, as well as toddler diet with a Food Frequency Questionnaire (n = 229). Trained research staff obtained child anthropometrics at age 2 years. RESULTS Latent class analysis identified three dietary patterns: high fruits and vegetables (HFV, 31%); meat, potatoes, and added sugars (MPAS, 24%); and high juice, low fruits and vegetables (JLFV, 45%). Toddler dietary pattern was not related to study group (RP, control) or child weight status at age 2 years. Mothers who reported more structure-based feeding had toddlers that were more likely to have the healthier, HFV dietary pattern than MPAS and JLFV. Findings for control-based feeding practices were mixed; maternal restriction was associated with the HFV dietary pattern, whereas the use of food as a reward was associated with MPAS and JLFV. CONCLUSIONS Mothers' structure-based feeding practices in infancy, as well as some control-based feeding practices, were associated with later healthier toddler dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Hernandez
- Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily E Hohman
- Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Anzman-Frasca
- Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
- Center for Ingestive Behavior Research, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - Ian M Paul
- Departments of Pediatrics and Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer S Savage
- Center for Childhood Obesity Research, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Jayedi A, Shafiei Neyestanak M, Qorbani M, Abbasi-Ghahremanloo A, Djafarian K, Shab-Bidar S. Comparison of habitual and meal-specific dietary patterns identified by latent class analysis and confirmatory factor analysis in adults: A cross-sectional study. Nutrition 2023; 115:112185. [PMID: 37634394 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.112185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare characteristics of habitual and meal-specific dietary patterns identified by latent class analysis (LCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). METHODS Participants included 778 adults selected for the present cross-sectional study from local health care centers in Tehran, Iran. Three 24-h dietary recalls evaluated dietary intake. LCA was used to group study participants into exclusive subgroups of individuals with similar patterns of dietary intake. CFA was applied to identify patterns of habitual and meal-specific dietary intake. Analysis of variance was used to compare the average scores of habitual and meal-specific CFA-derived dietary patterns across classes identified by LCA. RESULTS Using habitual dietary intake, CFA grouped correlated food items into three major factors: fruits and vegetables, mixed, and Western dietary patterns. LCA grouped study participants with similar patterns of habitual intake into four subgroups of individuals: fruits and vegetables, mixed, Western, and low consumer classes. LCA-fruits and vegetables, LCA-Western, and LCA-mixed classes had, respectively, higher mean scores of CFA-fruits and vegetables, CFA-Western, and CFA-mixed dietary patterns compared with other classes (P < 0.001). Similar findings were observed for meal-specific dietary intake, where classes identified by LCA had the highest mean scores of their corresponding dietary pattern identified by CFA. CONCLUSION Habitual and meal-specific classes identified by LCA were well characterized by the dietary patterns derived by CFA, suggesting that LCA may be an appropriate statistical approach to classify study participants with similar patterns of intake into exclusive subgroups of individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jayedi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Shafiei Neyestanak
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran; Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Barbosa C, Lopes C, Costa A, Warkentin S, Oliveira A. Parental child-feeding practices at 4 years of age are associated with dietary patterns of 7-year-olds. J Hum Nutr Diet 2023; 36:1339-1348. [PMID: 36794574 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parental child-feeding practices have been associated with child body mass index (BMI) and specific food group consumption; however, their role in the development of dietary patterns is less understood. We aim to study the association between parental child-feeding practices at 4 years old and dietary patterns at 7 years that explain BMI z-scores at age 10. METHODS Participants were children from the Generation XXI birth cohort (n = 3272). Three patterns of feeding practices at 4 years were previously identified: 'Perceived monitoring', 'Restriction' and 'Pressure to eat'. At 7 years, two dietary patterns were derived: 'Energy-dense foods', higher consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks and processed meats and lower consumption of vegetable soup (significantly associated with BMI z-scores at 10 years) and 'Fish-based', higher in fishery intake and lower in energy-dense food intake. Associations were estimated by linear regression models, adjusted for potential confounders (mother's age, education and pre-pregnancy BMI). RESULTS Girls whose parents used more Restriction, Perceived monitoring and Pressure to eat at 4 years were less likely to follow the 'Energy-dense foods' dietary pattern at 7 years (β̂ = -0.082; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: -0.134; -0.029; β̂ = -0.093; 95% CI: -0.146; -0.039; β̂ = -0.079; 95% CI: -0.135; -0.04, respectively). In both sexes, children whose parents used more Restriction and Perceived monitoring at 4 years were more likely to follow the 'Fish-based' dietary pattern at 7 years (girls: β̂ = 0.143; 95% CI: 0.077; 0.210; β̂ = 0.079; 95% CI: 0.011; 0.148; boys: β̂ = 0.157; 95% CI: 0.090; 0.224; β̂ = 0.104; 95% CI: 0.041; 0.168). CONCLUSIONS Children whose parents used more Restriction and Perceived monitoring at preschool age were more likely to follow healthier dietary patterns at age 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Barbosa
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Costa
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sarah Warkentin
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto (Institute of Public Health of the University of Porto), Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
- Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Wang S, Fan C, Zhu Y, Tang X, Ling L. The Obesity-Related Dietary Pattern Is Associated with Higher Risk of Sleep Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study from NHANES. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193987. [PMID: 36235640 PMCID: PMC9572699 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence on the association between dietary patterns and sleep disorders is limited and controversial. In addition, studies evaluating the effect of dietary patterns on sleep disorders have seldom considered the critical role of obesity. We aimed to explore obesity-related dietary patterns and evaluate their impact on sleep disorders using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2014. In total, 19,892 participants aged over 20 years with two-day dietary recalls were enrolled. Obesity-related dietary patterns explaining most variance in waist circumference and BMI simultaneously were extracted from twenty-six food groups by the using partial least squares method. Sleep disorder and sleep duration, which were defined by self-reported questions, were the primary and the secondary outcome, respectively. Generalized linear models were performed to estimate the association of sleep disorders and sleep duration with dietary patterns. Two types of dietary patterns were identified. The “high fats, refined grains, and meat” pattern was characterized by high intakes of solid fats, cured meat, potatoes, refined grains, meat, cheese, and added sugars. The “low whole grains, vegetables, and fruits” pattern was characterized by low intakes of oils, whole grains, nuts and seeds, milk, fruits, and several vegetables. Participants with the highest adherence to the “high fats, refined grains, and meat” pattern had a higher risk for sleep disorders (OR (95%CI): 1.43 (1.12, 1.84)) and shorter sleep duration (β (95%CI): −0.17 (−0.26, −0.08)) compared to those with the lowest adherence. The corresponding associations for the “low whole grains, vegetables, and fruits” pattern were only significant for sleep duration (β (95%CI): −0.26 (−0.37, −0.15)). Our results found that the dietary pattern characterized by high solid fats, cured meat, potatoes, refined grains, meat, cheese, and added sugars, was associated with a higher risk for sleep disorders and shorter sleep duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanze Wang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Chaonan Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Clinical Research Design Division, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xijia Tang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Li Ling
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
- Clinical Research Design Division, Clinical Research Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-87333319; Fax: +86-20-87335524
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Association between major dietary patterns and metabolic health status in overweight and obese adolescents. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111793. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Barbosa C, Costa A, Hetherington MM, Oliveira A. Association of early feeding practices with dietary patterns of 7-year-olds from the birth cohort Generation XXI. Appetite 2022; 171:105909. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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Durão C, Severo M, Oliveira A, Lopes C. Sex-Heterogeneity on the Association between Dietary Patterns at 4 Years of Age with Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors at 10 Years of Age. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030540. [PMID: 35276899 PMCID: PMC8839534 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the association of dietary patterns (DP) at 4 years with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk factors at 10 years, considering sex-heterogeneity. This prospective analysis included 3823 children enrolled in the population-based birth cohort, Generation XXI (Porto-Portugal, 2005-2006). Diet at 4 years was assessed by FFQ, with three DP being identified: high in energy-dense foods (EDF), intermediate in snacks (snacking), and healthier (reference). BMI at 10 years was considered as the Z-score according to the WHO. Other adiposity indicators-fat mass percentage (FM%), fat mass index (FMI), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR)-were converted to z-scores using the sample's sex-specific means and standard deviations, as were the cardiometabolic risk factors (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, lipid profile, and insulin resistance). The associations of DP at 4 years with later adiposity or cardiometabolic factors were estimated by linear regression or by multinomial logistic regression models. In fully adjusted models, the EDF DP was significantly positively associated with the BMI (EDF vs. healthier: β = 0.139; 95% CI: 0.031, 0.246, P-interaction = 0.042) and obesity (OR = 2.68; 95% CI 1.55, 4.63, P-interaction = 0.005) only in girls, among whom, it increased insulin (β = 0.165; 95% CI: 0.020, 0.311) and HOMA-IR (β = 0.159; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.306) at 10 years. An EDF DP at 4 years is associated with later adiposity, insulin, and HOMA-IR in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Durão
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- NOVA Medical School, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education Department, University of Porto Medical School, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education Department, University of Porto Medical School, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Lopes
- EPIUnit-Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal; (C.D.); (M.S.); (A.O.)
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Public Health and Forensic Sciences and Medical Education Department, University of Porto Medical School, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.:+351-220-426-640
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Wei X, Hu J, Liu Y, Ma Y, Wen D. Association between Marginally Low Birth Weight and Obesity-Related Outcomes and Indirect Effects via Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Abnormal Eating. Obes Facts 2022; 15:197-208. [PMID: 34915511 PMCID: PMC9021619 DOI: 10.1159/000520902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Evidence of the association between children born with marginally low birth weight (MLBW) and obesity-related outcomes was controversial, and our study aimed to examine the role of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or abnormal eating in these associations. METHODS A retrospective cohort study consisting of 677 Chinese children was conducted. Obesity-related outcomes (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], skinfold thickness [SF], body fat, blood pressure, lipids, and blood glucose), behaviour problems (ADHD and eating behaviour) and birth weight were collected. Mediation analyses were used to explore whether ADHD and/or abnormal eating was an intermediary factor in the MLBW-OB relationship. RESULTS Children with MLBW tended to have higher SF, triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, waistline, body fat, and abdominal obesity risks. Birth weight was negatively related to obesity-related outcomes, and the associations were mediated, partially, by the increased risk of ADHD or abnormal eating behaviour after adjustment for the BMI Z score. Furthermore, lower birth weight predicted higher WC indirectly through emotional overeating caused by ADHD (β: -0.10; 95% confidence interval: -0.19, -0.01). CONCLUSION Our study suggests the hypothetical role of ADHD and abnormal eating as underlying mechanisms in the association between MLBW and obesity-related outcomes, providing novel scientific evidence for childhood development interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Wei
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China,
| | - Jiajin Hu
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Deliang Wen
- Institute of Health Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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de Moraes MM, Oliveira B, Afonso C, Santos C, Torres D, Lopes C, de Miranda RC, Rauber F, Antoniazzi L, Levy RB, Rodrigues S. Dietary Patterns in Portuguese Children and Adolescent Population: The UPPER Project. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113851. [PMID: 34836107 PMCID: PMC8622610 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing, this study aims to identify dietary patterns (DPs) and their associations with sociodemographic factors and diet quality in Portuguese children and adolescents. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the National Food, Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2015-2016) of the Portuguese population. Dietary intake was obtained from two non-consecutive days and food items were classified according to the NOVA system. The proportion (in grams) of foods in the total daily diet was considered to identify DPs by latent class analysis, with age and sex as concomitant variables. Associations of DPs with sociodemographic characteristics were assessed using multinomial logistic regression. Linear regressions adjusted by sociodemographic characteristics tested associations of DPs with diet quality. DPs identified were: "Unhealthy" (higher sugar-sweetened beverages, industrial breads, and sausages intake), "Traditional" (higher vegetables, fish, olive oil, breads, ultra-processed yogurts, and sausages intake), and "Dairy" (higher intake of milk, yogurt, and milk-based beverages). "Unhealthy" was associated with older ages and lower intake of dietary fibre and vitamins and the highest free sugars and ultra-processed foods (UPF), although all DPs presented significant consumption of UPF. These findings should be considered for the design of food-based interventions and school-feeding policies in Portugal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Miranda de Moraes
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-507-4320
| | - Bruno Oliveira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support (LIAAD), Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (INESC TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Afonso
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Cristina Santos
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Associate Laboratory RISE-Health Research Network, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Duarte Torres
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Carla Lopes
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Costa de Miranda
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba 38025-440, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rauber
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
| | - Luiza Antoniazzi
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
| | - Renata Bertazzi Levy
- Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil; (R.C.d.M.); (F.R.); (L.A.); (R.B.L.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 01246-90, Brazil
| | - Sara Rodrigues
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; (B.O.); (C.A.); (C.S.); (D.T.); (S.R.)
- Associated Laboratory ITR, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal;
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Siddiqui NZ, Nguyen AN, Santos S, Voortman T. Diet quality and cardiometabolic health in childhood: the Generation R Study. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:729-736. [PMID: 34528119 PMCID: PMC8854322 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02673-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Diet is an important determinant of cardiometabolic disease risk in adults. We aimed to study associations of diet quality with cardiometabolic health in school-age children. Methods This study was embedded in the Generation R Study a prospective population-based cohort in Rotterdam, the Netherlands and included 3991 children. Food intake was assessed with a Food-Frequency Questionnaire at age 8 years. A diet quality score (0–10) was calculated reflecting adherence to age-specific dietary guidelines. The following outcome variables were measured at age 10 years and used to create a continuous cardiometabolic risk factor score: body fat percentage, insulin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Outcomes were expressed in age- and sex-specific standard deviation scores (SDS). Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess associations between the diet quality score and the cardiometabolic risk factor score and with the individual cardiometabolic risk factors. Results In models adjusted for socioeconomic and lifestyle factors and BMI, a higher diet quality was associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk factor score [− 0.08 per point higher diet score, (95% CI − 0.15, − 0.001)]. This association was mainly driven by associations of higher diet quality with lower systolic [− 0.04 SD (95% CI − 0.06, − 0.01)] and diastolic blood pressure [− 0.05 SD, (95% CI − 0.07, − 0.02)]. No statistically significant associations were found for insulin, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, or body fat percentage as individual factors. Conclusions We found an association between higher diet quality and better cardiometabolic health in childhood, mainly driven by a lower blood pressure. Further research is needed to explore associations of diet quality in childhood with long-term cardiometabolic health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00394-021-02673-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noreen Z Siddiqui
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anh N Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susana Santos
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Sophia Children's Hospital, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. .,Division of Human Nutrition & Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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Pinto A, Severo M, Oliveira A. Use of a hybrid method to derive dietary patterns in 7 years olds with explanatory ability of body mass index at age 10. Eur J Clin Nutr 2021; 75:1598-1606. [PMID: 33674774 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The usual definition of dietary patterns only accounts for the explanation of dietary choices and not a specific health outcome. This could partially explain the lack of consistent associations between diet and related diseases. This study aims to identify dietary patterns in 7 years olds explaining body mass index (BMI) at age 10 and to assess their association with early-life factors (sociodemographic, birth, and infancy characteristics). METHODS Children from the birth cohort Generation XXI at ages 7 and 10 were included (n = 4698). Diet was assessed by a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Measured BMI z-scores (zBMI) were calculated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were run to derive dietary patterns. RESULTS The component scores of PCA was able to explain 13.0% of food groups and only 0.2% of zBMI, while the PLS scores explained the variance of both food groups (10.1%) and zBMI at age 10 (4.2%). By using PLS, two dietary patterns were derived, but only one, higher in processed meats and energy-dense foods and lower in vegetable soup consumption, was significantly associated with an increased zBMI in 10 years olds (adjusted β̂ 0.032; 95% CI:0.017; 0.047). It was more likely followed by children from younger and less educated mothers and who were born heavier. CONCLUSIONS A dietary pattern higher in processed and energy-dense foods and with lower vegetable soup intake in 7 years olds significantly explained zBMI of 10 years olds, and was predicted by early-life characteristics. The other dietary patterns were not significantly associated with zBMI at age 10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Pinto
- Institute of Public Health of the University of Portoa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Milton Severo
- Institute of Public Health of the University of Portoa, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Oliveira
- Institute of Public Health of the University of Portoa, Porto, Portugal. .,Department of Public Health and Forensic Sciences, and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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SILVA GPD, ALMEIDA SDS, BRAGA COSTA TM. Family influence on the nutritional status and eating habits of six to nine year-old children. REV NUTR 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-9865202134e200165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective To investigate whether caregivers’ attitudes, beliefs, practices, alimentary habits, and nutritional status influence the alimentary habits and nutritional status of children aged six to nine years. Methods This cross-sectional study included 164 children and a family member (caregiver) each (n=164), carried out in the family health units of the municipality of Ribeirão Preto (SP), Brazil. Weight and height measurements were performed; each child was then evaluated by the application of both the Child Feeding Questionnaire and 24h recall (for calculating the Healthy Eating Index Revised), in addition to the assessment of adherence to healthy eating steps of the Ministry of Health, through a questionnaire. Results The results showed that the prevalence of being overweight was 18.3% in children and 32.9% in caregivers, and the prevalence of obesity was 15.9% and 37.9%, respectively. Most of the 56 children categorized as overweight also had overweight caregivers (82.1%; n=46). Concerns regarding children’s weight control were higher among caregivers responsible for overweight children (3.6±1.29). In contrast, caregivers responsible for children below or at normal weight demonstrated a greater tendency toward getting children to eat (3.3±0.97 and 3.9±0.99, respectively). The average score; of the children’s Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised (50.0±13.6) was similar to that of their caregivers (56.5±12.1). Conclusions Caregivers have a direct influence on the nutritional status and eating habits of children; therefore, they should be targeted in the processes of nutritional intervention for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity.
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Shang X, Li Y, Xu H, Zhang Q, Liu A, Du S, Guo H, Ma G. Leading dietary determinants identified using machine learning techniques and a healthy diet score for changes in cardiometabolic risk factors in children: a longitudinal analysis. Nutr J 2020; 19:105. [PMID: 32950062 PMCID: PMC7502204 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-020-00611-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying leading dietary determinants for cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors is urgent for prioritizing interventions in children. We aimed to identify leading dietary determinants for the change in CMR and create a healthy diet score (HDS) to predict CMR in children. METHODS We included 5676 children aged 6-13 years in the final analysis with physical examinations, blood tests, and diets assessed at baseline and one year later. CMR score (CMRS) was computed by summing Z-scores of waist circumference, an average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C, multiplying by - 1), and triglycerides. Machine learning was used to identify leading dietary determinants for CMR and an HDS was then computed. RESULTS The nine leading predictors for CMRS were refined grains, seafood, fried foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, wheat, red meat other than pork, rice, fungi and algae, and roots and tubers with the contribution ranging from 3.9 to 19.6% of the total variance. Diets high in seafood, rice, and red meat other than pork but low in other six food groups were associated with a favorable change in CMRS. The HDS was computed based on these nine dietary factors. Children with HDS ≥8 had a higher decrease in CMRS (β (95% CI): - 1.02 (- 1.31, - 0.73)), BMI (- 0.08 (- 0.16, - 0.00)), SBP (- 0.46 (- 0.58, - 0.34)), DBP (- 0.46 (- 0.58, - 0.34)), mean arterial pressure (- 0.50 (- 0.62, - 0.38)), fasting glucose (- 0.22 (- 0.32, - 0.11)), insulin (- 0.52 (- 0.71, - 0.32)), and HOMA-IR (- 0.55 (- 0.73, - 0.36)) compared to those with HDS ≦3. Improved HDS during follow-up was associated with favorable changes in CMRS, BMI, percent body fat, SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure, HDL-C, fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION Diets high in seafood, rice, and red meat other than pork and low in refined grains, fried foods, sugar-sweetened beverages, and wheat are leading healthy dietary factors for metabolic health in children. HDS is strongly predictive of CMR factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Haiquan Xu
- Institute of food and nutrition development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Ailing Liu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Hongwei Guo
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guansheng Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Negative feelings and behaviour are associated with low nutritional level, unhealthy lifestyle, and cardiometabolic risk factors in Chilean schoolchildren. NUTR HOSP 2020; 37:707-714. [PMID: 32720504 DOI: 10.20960/nh.03086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Background: feelings and behaviours are an important tool that should be considered to prevent early unhealthy lifestyles. Objective: the objective was to determine the association between feelings (i.e., sadness, loneliness, and school behaviour) with lifestyle (i.e., physical activity patterns and nutritional level), and as secondary endpoint to determine the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and lifestyle with obesity and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors in Latin American schoolchildren. Methods: this cross-sectional study included a sample of 634 schoolchildren (girls, n = 282, 11.86 ± 0.82 years, and boys, n = 352, 12.02 ± 0.87 years) from publics schools in Chile. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WtHR), body fat (BF), lifestyle, nutritional level, HRQoL, and CMR (i.e., WtHR > 0.5) were evaluated. Results: schoolchildren who have felt sadness and loneliness presented an association with low nutritional level (OR: 4.26, 95 % CI: 2.0-9.0, p < 0.001, and OR: 4.47, 95 % CI: 2.5-7.9, p < 0.001, respectively), bad lifestyle (OR: 2.14, 95 % CI: 1.0-4.54, p = 0.048, and OR: 1.78, 95 % CI: 1.01-3.1, p = 0.045, respectively), and obesity (OR: 2.0, 95 % CI; 0.89-4.54, p = 0.09, and OR: 2.05, 95 % CI; 1.04-4.0, p = 0.037, respectively). Schoolchildren who have had enough time for themselves reported an association with bad lifestyle (OR: 0.69, 95 % CI: 0.47-1.02, p = 0.06), and those who have could not pay attention presented the highest association with bad lifestyle (OR: 4.64, 95 % CI: 72-12.56, p = 0.002). Conclusion: Latin American schoolchildren who have felt sadness and loneliness reported unhealthy lifestyles (i.e., lower nutritional level, increased screen time, and low physical activity), obesity, and thus a higher CMR burden.
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Shang X, Li Y, Xu H, Zhang Q, Liu A, Ma G. The Clustering of Low Diet Quality, Low Physical Fitness, and Unhealthy Sleep Pattern and Its Association with Changes in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Children. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020591. [PMID: 32102479 PMCID: PMC7071380 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The clustering of diet quality, physical activity, and sleep and its association with cardiometabolic risk (CMR) factors remains to be explored. We included 5315 children aged 6–13 years in the analysis. CMR score (CMRS) was computed by summing Z-scores of waist circumference, an average of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (multiplying by −1), and triglycerides. Low diet quality and low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) were more likely to be seen in a pair, but low diet quality was less likely to be clustered with unhealthy sleep patterns. Low diet quality, low CRF, and unhealthy sleep pattern was associated with a 0.63, 0.53, and 0.25 standard deviation (SD) higher increase in CMRS, respectively. Compared to children with no unhealthy factor (−0.79 SD), those with ≥1 unhealthy factor had a higher increase (−0.20 to 0.59 SD) in CMRS. A low diet quality-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in CMRS, blood pressure, and triglycerides. A low diet quality–low CRF-unhealthy sleep pattern resulted in the highest increase in fatness and fasting glucose. Unhealthy factor cluster patterns are complex; however, their positive associations with changes in CMR factors are consistently significant in children. Some specific patterns are more harmful than others for cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianwen Shang
- School of Behavioural and Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, East Melbourne, VIC 3002, Australia;
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 655 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Haiquan Xu
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (Q.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Ailing Liu
- National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; (Q.Z.); (A.L.)
| | - Guansheng Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-8280-5266; Fax: +86-10-8280-1620
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Food Consumption Patterns and Body Composition in Children: Moderating Effects of Prop Taster Status. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11092037. [PMID: 31480416 PMCID: PMC6770641 DOI: 10.3390/nu11092037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study determined whether 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) taster status moderates the relationship between food consumption patterns and body composition in children. Children were recruited (n = 342, 50% female, 8-10 y) from across New Zealand. Using a food frequency questionnaire, these food consumption patterns were derived: Processed Foods, Fruit and Vegetables, and Breakfast Foods. Body composition variables included: body fat (%), fat mass (kg), fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2), body mass index (kg/m2) and waist to height ratio (W:Ht). Following adjustment for confounders, Processed Foods were positively associated with %fat (p = 0.015), fat mass (p = 0.004) and FMI (p = 0.016). Taste test strips determined PROP status. For Breakfast Foods, there were small negative associations with all body composition variables (p ≤ 0.001 to 0.037). The population sample was also stratified by PROP taster status. For the non-tasters, there were small to moderate negative associations between Breakfast Foods and each body composition variable (p = 0.003-0.045) except W:Ht (p = 0.112), and these relationships were stronger for girls compared to boys. For the tasters, there were small to moderate positive associations between Processed Foods with %fat (p = 0.030), fat mass (p ≤ 0.001) and FMI (p = 0.014). In conclusion, sensitivity to bitterness may moderate the relationship between food consumption patterns and body composition in children.
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