1
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Sushentsev N, Hamm G, Flint L, Birtles D, Zakirov A, Richings J, Ling S, Tan JY, McLean MA, Ayyappan V, Horvat Menih I, Brodie C, Miller JL, Mills IG, Gnanapragasam VJ, Warren AY, Barry ST, Goodwin RJA, Barrett T, Gallagher FA. Metabolic imaging across scales reveals distinct prostate cancer phenotypes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5980. [PMID: 39013948 PMCID: PMC11252279 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50362-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarised magnetic resonance imaging (HP-13C-MRI) has shown promise as a clinical tool for detecting and characterising prostate cancer. Here we use a range of spatially resolved histological techniques to identify the biological mechanisms underpinning differential [1-13C]lactate labelling between benign and malignant prostate, as well as in tumours containing cribriform and non-cribriform Gleason pattern 4 disease. Here we show that elevated hyperpolarised [1-13C]lactate signal in prostate cancer compared to the benign prostate is primarily driven by increased tumour epithelial cell density and vascularity, rather than differences in epithelial lactate concentration between tumour and normal. We also demonstrate that some tumours of the cribriform subtype may lack [1-13C]lactate labelling, which is explained by lower epithelial lactate dehydrogenase expression, higher mitochondrial pyruvate carrier density, and increased lipid abundance compared to lactate-rich non-cribriform lesions. These findings highlight the potential of combining spatial metabolic imaging tools across scales to identify clinically significant metabolic phenotypes in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lucy Flint
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Birtles
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Aleksandr Zakirov
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jack Richings
- Predictive AI & Data, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephanie Ling
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jennifer Y Tan
- Predictive AI & Data, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vinay Ayyappan
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ines Horvat Menih
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cara Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jodi L Miller
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian G Mills
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Vincent J Gnanapragasam
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Simon T Barry
- Bioscience, Early Oncology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Richard J A Goodwin
- Integrated BioAnalysis, Clinical Pharmacology & Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Pujana-Vaquerizo M, Bozal-Basterra L, Carracedo A. Metabolic adaptations in prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2024:10.1038/s41416-024-02762-z. [PMID: 38969865 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02762-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men and is a major cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Among the molecular processes that contribute to this disease, the weight of metabolism has been placed under the limelight in recent years. Tumours exhibit metabolic adaptations to comply with their biosynthetic needs. However, metabolites also play an important role in supporting cell survival in challenging environments or remodelling the tumour microenvironment, thus being recognized as a hallmark in cancer. Prostate cancer is uniquely driven by androgen receptor signalling, and this knowledge has also influenced the paths of cancer metabolism research. This review provides a comprehensive perspective on the metabolic adaptations that support prostate cancer progression beyond androgen signalling, with a particular focus on tumour cell intrinsic and extrinsic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Pujana-Vaquerizo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bozal-Basterra
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Spain.
| | - Arkaitz Carracedo
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biosciences (CIC bioGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Bizkaia Technology Park, Building 801A, 48160, Derio, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Traslational Prostate Cancer Research Lab, CIC bioGUNE-Basurto, Biobizkaia Health Research Institute, Baracaldo, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain.
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3
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von Morze C, Blazey T, Shaw A, Spees WM, Shoghi KI, Ohliger MA. Detection of early-stage NASH using non-invasive hyperpolarized 13C metabolic imaging. Sci Rep 2024; 14:14854. [PMID: 38937567 PMCID: PMC11211431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-65951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is characterized from its early stages by a profound remodeling of the liver microenvironment, encompassing changes in the composition and activities of multiple cell types and associated gene expression patterns. Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C MRI provides a unique view of the metabolic microenvironment, with potential relevance for early diagnosis of liver disease. Previous studies have detected changes in HP 13C pyruvate to lactate conversion, catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), with experimental liver injury. HP ∝ -ketobutyrate ( ∝ KB) is a close molecular analog of pyruvate with modified specificity for LDH isoforms, specifically attenuated activity with their LDHA-expressed subunits that dominate liver parenchyma. Building on recent results with pyruvate, we investigated HP ∝ KB in methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet as a model of early-stage NASH. Similarity of results between this new agent and pyruvate (~ 50% drop in cytoplasmic reducing capacity), interpreted together with gene expression data from the model, suggests that changes are mediated through broad effects on intermediary metabolism. Plausible mechanisms are depletion of the lactate pool by upregulation of gluconeogenesis (GNG) and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux, and a possible shift toward increased lactate oxidation. These changes may reflect high levels of oxidative stress and/or shifting macrophage populations in NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius von Morze
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, 4525 Scott Ave Rm 2303, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - Tyler Blazey
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, 4525 Scott Ave Rm 2303, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Ashley Shaw
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, 4525 Scott Ave Rm 2303, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - William M Spees
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, 4525 Scott Ave Rm 2303, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Kooresh I Shoghi
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University, 4525 Scott Ave Rm 2303, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Michael A Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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4
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Boufaied N, Chetta P, Hallal T, Cacciatore S, Lalli D, Luthold C, Homsy K, Imada EL, Syamala S, Photopoulos C, Di Matteo A, de Polo A, Storaci AM, Huang Y, Giunchi F, Sheridan PA, Michelotti G, Nguyen QD, Zhao X, Liu Y, Davicioni E, Spratt DE, Sabbioneda S, Maga G, Mucci LA, Ghigna C, Marchionni L, Butler LM, Ellis L, Bordeleau F, Loda M, Vaira V, Labbé DP, Zadra G. Obesogenic High-Fat Diet and MYC Cooperate to Promote Lactate Accumulation and Tumor Microenvironment Remodeling in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2024; 84:1834-1855. [PMID: 38831751 PMCID: PMC11148549 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-23-0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells exhibit metabolic plasticity to meet oncogene-driven dependencies while coping with nutrient availability. A better understanding of how systemic metabolism impacts the accumulation of metabolites that reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) and drive cancer could facilitate development of precision nutrition approaches. Using the Hi-MYC prostate cancer mouse model, we demonstrated that an obesogenic high-fat diet (HFD) rich in saturated fats accelerates the development of c-MYC-driven invasive prostate cancer through metabolic rewiring. Although c-MYC modulated key metabolic pathways, interaction with an obesogenic HFD was necessary to induce glycolysis and lactate accumulation in tumors. These metabolic changes were associated with augmented infiltration of CD206+ and PD-L1+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and FOXP3+ regulatory T cells, as well as with the activation of transcriptional programs linked to disease progression and therapy resistance. Lactate itself also stimulated neoangiogenesis and prostate cancer cell migration, which were significantly reduced following treatment with the lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor FX11. In patients with prostate cancer, high saturated fat intake and increased body mass index were associated with tumor glycolytic features that promote the infiltration of M2-like TAMs. Finally, upregulation of lactate dehydrogenase, indicative of a lactagenic phenotype, was associated with a shorter time to biochemical recurrence in independent clinical cohorts. This work identifies cooperation between genetic drivers and systemic metabolism to hijack the TME and promote prostate cancer progression through oncometabolite accumulation. This sets the stage for the assessment of lactate as a prognostic biomarker and supports strategies of dietary intervention and direct lactagenesis blockade in treating advanced prostate cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Lactate accumulation driven by high-fat diet and MYC reprograms the tumor microenvironment and promotes prostate cancer progression, supporting the potential of lactate as a biomarker and therapeutic target in prostate cancer. See related commentary by Frigo, p. 1742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Boufaied
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paolo Chetta
- University of Milan, Residency Program in Pathology, Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tarek Hallal
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Stefano Cacciatore
- Bionformatics Unit, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Daniela Lalli
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro,” Alessandria, Italy
| | - Carole Luthold
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Cancer Research Center, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Homsy
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Cancer Research Center, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Eddie L. Imada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Campus, New York, New York
| | - Sudeepa Syamala
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cornelia Photopoulos
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anna Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (CNR-IGM), Pavia, Italy
| | - Anna de Polo
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Ying Huang
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | - Quang-De Nguyen
- Department of Imaging, Lurie Family Imaging Center, Center for Biomedical Imaging in Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Xin Zhao
- Veracyte, South San Francisco, California
| | - Yang Liu
- Veracyte, South San Francisco, California
| | | | - Daniel E. Spratt
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Simone Sabbioneda
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (CNR-IGM), Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Maga
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (CNR-IGM), Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorelei A. Mucci
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Claudia Ghigna
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (CNR-IGM), Pavia, Italy
| | - Luigi Marchionni
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Campus, New York, New York
| | - Lisa M. Butler
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute and Freemasons Centre for Male Health and Wellbeing, University of Adelaide, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Surgery, Center for Prostate Disease Research, Murtha Cancer Center Research Program, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences and the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - François Bordeleau
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center (Oncology Division) and Cancer Research Center, Centre de Recherche en Organogénèse Expérimentale/LOEX, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology, Clinical Biochemistry, and Pathology, Laval University, Québec, Canada
| | - Massimo Loda
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York Presbyterian-Weill Cornell Campus, New York, New York
| | - Valentina Vaira
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - David P. Labbé
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Giorgia Zadra
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (CNR-IGM), Pavia, Italy
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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5
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Larson PEZ, Bernard JML, Bankson JA, Bøgh N, Bok RA, Chen AP, Cunningham CH, Gordon J, Hövener JB, Laustsen C, Mayer D, McLean MA, Schilling F, Slater J, Vanderheyden JL, von Morze C, Vigneron DB, Xu D. Current methods for hyperpolarized [1- 13C]pyruvate MRI human studies. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:2204-2228. [PMID: 38441968 PMCID: PMC10997462 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
MRI with hyperpolarized (HP) 13C agents, also known as HP 13C MRI, can measure processes such as localized metabolism that is altered in numerous cancers, liver, heart, kidney diseases, and more. It has been translated into human studies during the past 10 years, with recent rapid growth in studies largely based on increasing availability of HP agent preparation methods suitable for use in humans. This paper aims to capture the current successful practices for HP MRI human studies with [1-13C]pyruvate-by far the most commonly used agent, which sits at a key metabolic junction in glycolysis. The paper is divided into four major topic areas: (1) HP 13C-pyruvate preparation; (2) MRI system setup and calibrations; (3) data acquisition and image reconstruction; and (4) data analysis and quantification. In each area, we identified the key components for a successful study, summarized both published studies and current practices, and discuss evidence gaps, strengths, and limitations. This paper is the output of the "HP 13C MRI Consensus Group" as well as the ISMRM Hyperpolarized Media MR and Hyperpolarized Methods and Equipment study groups. It further aims to provide a comprehensive reference for future consensus, building as the field continues to advance human studies with this metabolic imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peder EZ Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering,
University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, CA
94143, USA
| | - Jenna ML Bernard
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - James A Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Medical Center,
Houston, TX, USA
| | - Nikolaj Bøgh
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine,
Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Robert A Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | - Charles H Cunningham
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto,
Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Hövener
- Section Biomedical Imaging, Molecular Imaging North
Competence Center (MOIN CC), Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University
Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein (UKSH), Kiel University, Am Botanischen Garten 14,
24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- The MR Research Center, Department of Clinical Medicine,
Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine,
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School
of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of
Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine,
Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich,
Germany
| | - James Slater
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | | | | | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering,
University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, CA
94143, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering,
University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, CA
94143, USA
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6
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Deh K, Zhang G, Park AH, Cunningham CH, Bragagnolo ND, Lyashchenko S, Ahmmed S, Leftin A, Coffee E, Hricak H, Miloushev V, Mayerhoefer M, Keshari KR. First in-human evaluation of [1- 13C]pyruvate in D 2O for hyperpolarized MRI of the brain: A safety and feasibility study. Magn Reson Med 2024; 91:2559-2567. [PMID: 38205934 PMCID: PMC11009889 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the safety and value of hyperpolarized (HP) MRI of [1-13C]pyruvate in healthy volunteers using deuterium oxide (D2O) as a solvent. METHODS Healthy volunteers (n = 5), were injected with HP [1-13C]pyruvate dissolved in D2O and imaged with a metabolite-specific 3D dual-echo dynamic EPI sequence at 3T at one site (Site 1). Volunteers were monitored following the procedure to assess safety. Image characteristics, including SNR, were compared to data acquired in a separate cohort using water as a solvent (n = 5) at another site (Site 2). The apparent spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) of [1-13C]pyruvate was determined both in vitro and in vivo from a mono-exponential fit to the image intensity at each time point of our dynamic data. RESULTS All volunteers completed the study safely and reported no adverse effects. The use of D2O increased the T1 of [1-13C]pyruvate from 66.5 ± 1.6 s to 92.1 ± 5.1 s in vitro, which resulted in an increase in signal by a factor of 1.46 ± 0.03 at the time of injection (90 s after dissolution). The use of D2O also increased the apparent relaxation time of [1-13C]pyruvate by a factor of 1.4 ± 0.2 in vivo. After adjusting for inter-site SNR differences, the use of D2O was shown to increase image SNR by a factor of 2.6 ± 0.2 in humans. CONCLUSIONS HP [1-13C]pyruvate in D2O is safe for human imaging and provides an increase in T1 and SNR that may improve image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kofi Deh
- Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | - Angela Hijin Park
- Radiochemistry & Imaging Probes Core (RMIP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Charles H. Cunningham
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario
| | | | - Serge Lyashchenko
- Radiochemistry & Imaging Probes Core (RMIP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | - Shake Ahmmed
- Radiochemistry & Imaging Probes Core (RMIP), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Hedvig Hricak
- Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Kayvan R. Keshari
- Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
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7
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Chen S, Xu Y, Zhuo W, Zhang L. The emerging role of lactate in tumor microenvironment and its clinical relevance. Cancer Lett 2024; 590:216837. [PMID: 38548215 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the significant impact of lactate in the tumor microenvironment has been greatly documented. Acting not only as an energy substance in tumor metabolism, lactate is also an imperative signaling molecule. It plays key roles in metabolic remodeling, protein lactylation, immunosuppression, drug resistance, epigenetics and tumor metastasis, which has a tight relation with cancer patients' poor prognosis. This review illustrates the roles lactate plays in different aspects of tumor progression and drug resistance. From the comprehensive effects that lactate has on tumor metabolism and tumor immunity, the therapeutic targets related to it are expected to bring new hope for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Chen
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yining Xu
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Center for Medical Research and Innovation in Digestive System Tumors, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Research Center for Life Science and Human Health, Binjiang Institute of Zhejiang University Hangzhou, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Gastroenterology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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8
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Lai YC, Hsieh CY, Juan YH, Lu KY, Lee HJ, Ng SH, Wan YL, Lin G. Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Technical Considerations and Clinical Applications. Korean J Radiol 2024; 25:459-472. [PMID: 38685736 PMCID: PMC11058429 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2024.0069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) carbon-13 (13C) MRI represents an innovative approach for noninvasive, real-time assessment of dynamic metabolic flux, with potential integration into routine clinical MRI. The use of [1-13C]pyruvate as a probe and its conversion to [1-13C]lactate constitute an extensively explored metabolic pathway. This review comprehensively outlines the establishment of HP 13C-MRI, covering multidisciplinary team collaboration, hardware prerequisites, probe preparation, hyperpolarization techniques, imaging acquisition, and data analysis. This article discusses the clinical applications of HP 13C-MRI across various anatomical domains, including the brain, heart, skeletal muscle, breast, liver, kidney, pancreas, and prostate. Each section highlights the specific applications and findings pertinent to these regions, emphasizing the potential versatility of HP 13C-MRI in diverse clinical contexts. This review serves as a comprehensive update, bridging technical aspects with clinical applications and offering insights into the ongoing advancements in HP 13C-MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Chieh Lai
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Hsieh
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Juan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Ju Lee
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hang Ng
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Liang Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Gigin Lin
- Department of Medical Imaging and Intervention, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Clinical Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Center for Radiation Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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9
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Chaumeil MM, Bankson JA, Brindle KM, Epstein S, Gallagher FA, Grashei M, Guglielmetti C, Kaggie JD, Keshari KR, Knecht S, Laustsen C, Schmidt AB, Vigneron D, Yen YF, Schilling F. New Horizons in Hyperpolarized 13C MRI. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:222-232. [PMID: 38147265 PMCID: PMC10972948 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01888-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization techniques significantly enhance the sensitivity of magnetic resonance (MR) and thus present fascinating new directions for research and applications with in vivo MR imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S). Hyperpolarized 13C MRI/S, in particular, enables real-time non-invasive assessment of metabolic processes and holds great promise for a diverse range of clinical applications spanning fields like oncology, neurology, and cardiology, with a potential for improving early diagnosis of disease, patient stratification, and therapy response assessment. Despite its potential, technical challenges remain for achieving clinical translation. This paper provides an overview of the discussions that took place at the international workshop "New Horizons in Hyperpolarized 13C MRI," in March 2023 at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Munich, Germany. The workshop covered new developments, as well as future directions, in topics including polarization techniques (particularly focusing on parahydrogen-based methods), novel probes, considerations related to data acquisition and analysis, and emerging clinical applications in oncology and other fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - James A Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Joshua D Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York City, NY, USA
- Weill Cornell Graduate School, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | - Christoffer Laustsen
- The MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andreas B Schmidt
- Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Integrative Biosciences (Ibio), Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI), Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Daniel Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yi-Fen Yen
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Partner Site Freiburg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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10
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Sandulache VC, Kirby RP, Lai SY. Moving from conventional to adaptive risk stratification for oropharyngeal cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1287010. [PMID: 38549938 PMCID: PMC10972883 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1287010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) poses a complex therapeutic dilemma for patients and oncologists alike, made worse by the epidemic increase in new cases associated with the oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV). In a counterintuitive manner, the very thing which gives patients hope, the high response rate of HPV-associated OPC to conventional chemo-radiation strategies, has become one of the biggest challenges for the field as a whole. It has now become clear that for ~30-40% of patients, treatment intensity could be reduced without losing therapeutic efficacy, yet substantially diminishing the acute and lifelong morbidity resulting from conventional chemotherapy and radiation. At the same time, conventional approaches to de-escalation at a population (selected or unselected) level are hampered by a simple fact: we lack patient-specific information from individual tumors that can predict responsiveness. This results in a problematic tradeoff between the deleterious impact of de-escalation on patients with aggressive, treatment-refractory disease and the beneficial reduction in treatment-related morbidity for patients with treatment-responsive disease. True precision oncology approaches require a constant, iterative interrogation of solid tumors prior to and especially during cancer treatment in order to tailor treatment intensity to tumor biology. Whereas this approach can be deployed in hematologic diseases with some success, our ability to extend it to solid cancers with regional metastasis has been extremely limited in the curative intent setting. New developments in metabolic imaging and quantitative interrogation of circulating DNA, tumor exosomes and whole circulating tumor cells, however, provide renewed opportunities to adapt and individualize even conventional chemo-radiation strategies to diseases with highly variable biology such as OPC. In this review, we discuss opportunities to deploy developing technologies in the context of institutional and cooperative group clinical trials over the coming decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad C. Sandulache
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Ear Nose and Throat Section (ENT), Operative Care Line, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - R. Parker Kirby
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stephen Y. Lai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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11
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Wu K, El Zowalaty AE, Sayin VI, Papagiannakopoulos T. The pleiotropic functions of reactive oxygen species in cancer. NATURE CANCER 2024; 5:384-399. [PMID: 38531982 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-024-00738-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cellular redox homeostasis is an essential, dynamic process that ensures the balance between reducing and oxidizing reactions within cells and thus has implications across all areas of biology. Changes in levels of reactive oxygen species can disrupt redox homeostasis, leading to oxidative or reductive stress that contributes to the pathogenesis of many malignancies, including cancer. From transformation and tumor initiation to metastatic dissemination, increasing reactive oxygen species in cancer cells can paradoxically promote or suppress the tumorigenic process, depending on the extent of redox stress, its spatiotemporal characteristics and the tumor microenvironment. Here we review how redox regulation influences tumorigenesis, highlighting therapeutic opportunities enabled by redox-related alterations in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Wu
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ahmed Ezat El Zowalaty
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Volkan I Sayin
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Surgery, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Thales Papagiannakopoulos
- Department of Pathology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Perlmutter NYU Cancer Center, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Dou Q, Grant AK, Coutinto de Souza P, Moussa M, Nasser I, Ahmed M, Tsai LL. Characterizing Metabolic Heterogeneity of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Hyperpolarized 13C Pyruvate MRI and Mass Spectrometry. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2024; 6:e230056. [PMID: 38426887 PMCID: PMC10988335 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Purpose To characterize the metabolomic profiles of two hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rat models, track evolution of these profiles to a stimulated tumor state, and assess their effect on lactate flux with hyperpolarized (HP) carbon 13 (13C) MRI. Materials and Methods Forty-three female adult Fischer rats were implanted with N1S1 or McA-RH7777 HCC tumors. In vivo lactate-to-pyruvate ratio (LPR) was measured with HP 13C MRI at 9.4 T. Ex vivo mass spectrometry was used to measure intratumoral metabolites, and Ki67 labeling was used to quantify proliferation. Tumors were first compared with three normal liver controls. The tumors were then compared with stimulated variants via off-target hepatic thermal ablation treatment. All comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney test. Results HP 13C pyruvate MRI showed greater LPR in N1S1 tumors compared with normal liver (mean [SD], 0.564 ± 0.194 vs 0.311 ± 0.057; P < .001 [n = 9]), but not for McA-RH7777 (P = .44 [n = 8]). Mass spectrometry confirmed that the glycolysis pathway was increased in N1S1 tumors and decreased in McA-RH7777 tumors. The pentose phosphate pathway was also decreased only in McA-RH7777 tumors. Increased proliferation in stimulated N1S1 tumors corresponded to a net increase in LPR (six stimulated vs six nonstimulated, 0.269 ± 0.148 vs 0.027 ± 0.08; P = .009), but not in McA-RH7777 (eight stimulated vs six nonstimulated, P = .13), despite increased proliferation and metastases. Mass spectrometry demonstrated relatively increased lactate production with stimulation in N1S1 tumors only. Conclusion Two HCC subtypes showed divergent glycolytic dependency at baseline and during transformation to a high proliferation state. This metabolic heterogeneity in HCC should be considered with use of HP 13C MRI for diagnosis and tracking. Keywords: Molecular Imaging-Probe Development, Liver, Abdomen/GI, Oncology, Hepatocellular Carcinoma © RSNA, 2024 See also commentary by Ohliger in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Dou
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
| | - Aaron K. Grant
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
| | - Patricia Coutinto de Souza
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
| | - Marwan Moussa
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
| | - Imad Nasser
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
| | - Muneeb Ahmed
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
| | - Leo L. Tsai
- From the Departments of Radiology (Q.D., A.K.G., M.M., M.A., L.L.T.)
and Pathology (I.N.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical
School, 330 Brookline Ave, ANSIN 230, Boston, MA 02215; and Merck & Co,
Rahway, NJ (P.C.d.S.)
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13
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Farah C, Mignion L, Jordan BF. Metabolic Profiling to Assess Response to Targeted and Immune Therapy in Melanoma. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1725. [PMID: 38339003 PMCID: PMC10855758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
There is currently no consensus to determine which advanced melanoma patients will benefit from targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of both, highlighting the critical need to identify early-response biomarkers to advanced melanoma therapy. The goal of this review is to provide scientific rationale to highlight the potential role of metabolic imaging to assess response to targeted and/or immune therapy in melanoma cancer. For that purpose, a brief overview of current melanoma treatments is provided. Then, current knowledge with respect to melanoma metabolism is described with an emphasis on major crosstalks between melanoma cell metabolism and signaling pathways involved in BRAF-targeted therapy as well as in immune checkpoint inhibition therapies. Finally, preclinical and clinical studies using metabolic imaging and/or profiling to assess response to melanoma treatment are summarized with a particular focus on PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging and 13C-MRS (Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantale Farah
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Lionel Mignion
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
| | - Bénédicte F. Jordan
- Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
- Nuclear and Electron Spin Technologies (NEST) Platform, Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), B-1200 Brussels, Belgium;
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14
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Xu J, Bian L, You D, Li Z, Wang T, Li Y, Ren X, He Y. PDGF-BB accelerates TSCC via fibroblast lactates limiting miR-26a-5p and boosting mitophagy. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38169376 PMCID: PMC10763357 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play crucial roles in tumor development, and their metabolic coupling remains unclear. Clinical data showed a positive correlation between PDGF-BB, CAFs, and glycolysis in the tumor microenvironment of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma patients. In vitro, CAFs are derived from hOMF cells treated with PDGF-BB, which induces their formation and promotes aerobic glycolysis. Mitophagy increased the PDGF-BB-induced formation of CAF phenotypes and aerobic glycolysis, while autophagy inhibition blocked PDGF-BB-induced effects. Downregulation of miR-26a-5p was observed in CAFs; upregulation of miR-26a-5p inhibited the expression of mitophagy-related proteins ULKI, Parkin, PINK1, and LC3 and aerobic glycolysis in PDGF-BB-induced CAFs. PDGF-BB-induced CAFs promoted tumor cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, NF-κB signaling pathway activation, and PDGF-BB secretion. Thus, PDGF-BB is associated with lactate-induced CAF formation and glucose metabolism reprogramming. These findings indicate potential therapeutic targets in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Li Bian
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Dingyun You
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Ziliang Li
- Department of oral Implantology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Stomatology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - Yiting Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Xiaobin Ren
- Department of Periodontology, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 1088 Haiyuan Central Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650106, China.
| | - Yongwen He
- Department of Dental Research, Kunming Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology, 1088 Haiyuan Central Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650106, China.
- Qujing Medical College, Qujing, 655011, China.
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15
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Wang Q, Liu J, Chen Z, Zheng J, Wang Y, Dong J. Targeting metabolic reprogramming in hepatocellular carcinoma to overcome therapeutic resistance: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116021. [PMID: 38128187 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a heavy burden on human health with high morbidity and mortality rates. Systematic therapy is crucial for advanced and mid-term HCC, but faces a significant challenge from therapeutic resistance, weakening drug effectiveness. Metabolic reprogramming has gained attention as a key contributor to therapeutic resistance. Cells change their metabolism to meet energy demands, adapt to growth needs, or resist environmental pressures. Understanding key enzyme expression patterns and metabolic pathway interactions is vital to comprehend HCC occurrence, development, and treatment resistance. Exploring metabolic enzyme reprogramming and pathways is essential to identify breakthrough points for HCC treatment. Targeting metabolic enzymes with inhibitors is key to addressing these points. Inhibitors, combined with systemic therapeutic drugs, can alleviate resistance, prolong overall survival for advanced HCC, and offer mid-term HCC patients a chance for radical resection. Advances in metabolic research methods, from genomics to metabolomics and cells to organoids, help build the HCC metabolic reprogramming network. Recent progress in biomaterials and nanotechnology impacts drug targeting and effectiveness, providing new solutions for systemic therapeutic drug resistance. This review focuses on metabolic enzyme changes, pathway interactions, enzyme inhibitors, research methods, and drug delivery targeting metabolic reprogramming, offering valuable references for metabolic approaches to HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ziye Chen
- Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Clinical Translational Science Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiahong Dong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Research Unit of Precision Hepatobiliary Surgery Paradigm, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China; Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Institute for Organ Transplant and Bionic Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China; Key Laboratory of Digital Intelligence Hepatology (Ministry of Education/Beijing), School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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16
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Wodtke P, Grashei M, Schilling F. Quo Vadis Hyperpolarized 13C MRI? Z Med Phys 2023:S0939-3889(23)00120-4. [PMID: 38160135 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2023.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, hyperpolarized 13C MRI has gained significance in both preclinical and clinical studies, hereby relying on technologies like PHIP-SAH (ParaHydrogen-Induced Polarization-Side Arm Hydrogenation), SABRE (Signal Amplification by Reversible Exchange), and dDNP (dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization), with dDNP being applied in humans. A clinical dDNP polarizer has enabled studies across 24 sites, despite challenges like high cost and slow polarization. Parahydrogen-based techniques like SABRE and PHIP offer faster, more cost-efficient alternatives but require molecule-specific optimization. The focus has been on imaging metabolism of hyperpolarized probes, which requires long T1, high polarization and rapid contrast generation. Efforts to establish novel probes, improve acquisition techniques and enhance data analysis methods including artificial intelligence are ongoing. Potential clinical value of hyperpolarized 13C MRI was demonstrated primarily for treatment response assessment in oncology, but also in cardiology, nephrology, hepatology and CNS characterization. In this review on biomedical hyperpolarized 13C MRI, we summarize important and recent advances in polarization techniques, probe development, acquisition and analysis methods as well as clinical trials. Starting from those we try to sketch a trajectory where the field of biomedical hyperpolarized 13C MRI might go.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Wodtke
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar of Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Martin Grashei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar of Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Franz Schilling
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar of Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg 69120, Germany.
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17
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Sushentsev N, Hamm G, Richings J, McLean MA, Menih IH, Ayyappan V, Mills IG, Warren AY, Gnanapragasam VJ, Barry ST, Goodwin RJA, Gallagher FA, Barrett T. Imaging tumor lactate is feasible for identifying intermediate-risk prostate cancer patients with postsurgical biochemical recurrence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312261120. [PMID: 38011568 PMCID: PMC10710070 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312261120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
While radical prostatectomy remains the mainstay of prostate cancer (PCa) treatment, 20 to 40% of patients develop postsurgical biochemical recurrence (BCR). A particularly challenging clinical cohort includes patients with intermediate-risk disease whose risk stratification would benefit from advanced approaches that complement standard-of-care diagnostic tools. Here, we show that imaging tumor lactate using hyperpolarized 13C MRI and spatial metabolomics identifies BCR-positive patients in two prospective intermediate-risk surgical cohorts. Supported by spatially resolved tissue analysis of established glycolytic biomarkers, this study provides the rationale for multicenter trials of tumor metabolic imaging as an auxiliary tool to support PCa treatment decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Hamm
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Research & Development, AstraZeneca, CambridgeCB2 0AA, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Richings
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Research & Development, AstraZeneca, CambridgeCB2 0AA, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A. McLean
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ines Horvat Menih
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vinay Ayyappan
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G. Mills
- Patrick G. Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Genito-Urinary and Prostate Focus Group, Queen’s University Belfast, BelfastBT9 7AE, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, OxfordOX3 7DQ, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen5021, Norway
| | - Anne Y. Warren
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent J. Gnanapragasam
- Department of Urology, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, CambridgeCB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
- Cambridge Urology Translational Research and Clinical Trials Office, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, CambridgeCB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T. Barry
- Bioscience, Discovery, Oncology Research & Development, AstraZeneca, CambridgeCB20AA, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. A. Goodwin
- Imaging and Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Research & Development, AstraZeneca, CambridgeCB2 0AA, United Kingdom
| | - Ferdia A. Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital and University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QQCambridge, United Kingdom
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18
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Bartman CR, Faubert B, Rabinowitz JD, DeBerardinis RJ. Metabolic pathway analysis using stable isotopes in patients with cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2023; 23:863-878. [PMID: 37907620 PMCID: PMC11161207 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00632-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is central to malignant transformation and cancer cell growth. How tumours use nutrients and the relative rates of reprogrammed pathways are areas of intense investigation. Tumour metabolism is determined by a complex and incompletely defined combination of factors intrinsic and extrinsic to cancer cells. This complexity increases the value of assessing cancer metabolism in disease-relevant microenvironments, including in patients with cancer. Stable-isotope tracing is an informative, versatile method for probing tumour metabolism in vivo. It has been used extensively in preclinical models of cancer and, with increasing frequency, in patients with cancer. In this Review, we describe approaches for using in vivo isotope tracing to define fuel preferences and pathway engagement in tumours, along with some of the principles that have emerged from this work. Stable-isotope infusions reported so far have revealed that in humans, tumours use a diverse set of nutrients to supply central metabolic pathways, including the tricarboxylic acid cycle and amino acid synthesis. Emerging data suggest that some activities detected by stable-isotope tracing correlate with poor clinical outcomes and may drive cancer progression. We also discuss current challenges in isotope tracing, including comparisons of in vivo and in vitro models, and opportunities for future discovery in tumour metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline R Bartman
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brandon Faubert
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Children's Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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19
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Giafaglione JM, Crowell PD, Delcourt AML, Hashimoto T, Ha SM, Atmakuri A, Nunley NM, Dang RMA, Tian M, Diaz JA, Tika E, Payne MC, Burkhart DL, Li D, Navone NM, Corey E, Nelson PS, Lin NYC, Blanpain C, Ellis L, Boutros PC, Goldstein AS. Prostate lineage-specific metabolism governs luminal differentiation and response to antiandrogen treatment. Nat Cell Biol 2023; 25:1821-1832. [PMID: 38049604 PMCID: PMC10709144 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Lineage transitions are a central feature of prostate development, tumourigenesis and treatment resistance. While epigenetic changes are well known to drive prostate lineage transitions, it remains unclear how upstream metabolic signalling contributes to the regulation of prostate epithelial identity. To fill this gap, we developed an approach to perform metabolomics on primary prostate epithelial cells. Using this approach, we discovered that the basal and luminal cells of the prostate exhibit distinct metabolomes and nutrient utilization patterns. Furthermore, basal-to-luminal differentiation is accompanied by increased pyruvate oxidation. We establish the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier and subsequent lactate accumulation as regulators of prostate luminal identity. Inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier or supplementation with exogenous lactate results in large-scale chromatin remodelling, influencing both lineage-specific transcription factors and response to antiandrogen treatment. These results establish reciprocal regulation of metabolism and prostate epithelial lineage identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna M Giafaglione
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Preston D Crowell
- Molecular Biology Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amelie M L Delcourt
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Takao Hashimoto
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sung Min Ha
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aishwarya Atmakuri
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas M Nunley
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rachel M A Dang
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mao Tian
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Johnny A Diaz
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elisavet Tika
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, WEL Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie C Payne
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Deborah L Burkhart
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dapei Li
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nora M Navone
- Department of GU Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eva Corey
- University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Neil Y C Lin
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cedric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, WEL Research Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Leigh Ellis
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Cedars-Sinai Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Vector Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Precision Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew S Goldstein
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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20
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Dudka I, Lundquist K, Wikström P, Bergh A, Gröbner G. Metabolomic profiles of intact tissues reflect clinically relevant prostate cancer subtypes. J Transl Med 2023; 21:860. [PMID: 38012666 PMCID: PMC10683247 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04747-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PC) is a heterogenous multifocal disease ranging from indolent to lethal states. For improved treatment-stratification, reliable approaches are needed to faithfully differentiate between high- and low-risk tumors and to predict therapy response at diagnosis. METHODS A metabolomic approach based on high resolution magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (HR MAS NMR) analysis was applied on intact biopsies samples (n = 111) obtained from patients (n = 31) treated by prostatectomy, and combined with advanced multi- and univariate statistical analysis methods to identify metabolomic profiles reflecting tumor differentiation (Gleason scores and the International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade) and subtypes based on tumor immunoreactivity for Ki67 (cell proliferation) and prostate specific antigen (PSA, marker for androgen receptor activity). RESULTS Validated metabolic profiles were obtained that clearly distinguished cancer tissues from benign prostate tissues. Subsequently, metabolic signatures were identified that further divided cancer tissues into two clinically relevant groups, namely ISUP Grade 2 (n = 29) and ISUP Grade 3 (n = 17) tumors. Furthermore, metabolic profiles associated with different tumor subtypes were identified. Tumors with low Ki67 and high PSA (subtype A, n = 21) displayed metabolite patterns significantly different from tumors with high Ki67 and low PSA (subtype B, n = 28). In total, seven metabolites; choline, peak for combined phosphocholine/glycerophosphocholine metabolites (PC + GPC), glycine, creatine, combined signal of glutamate/glutamine (Glx), taurine and lactate, showed significant alterations between PC subtypes A and B. CONCLUSIONS The metabolic profiles of intact biopsies obtained by our non-invasive HR MAS NMR approach together with advanced chemometric tools reliably identified PC and specifically differentiated highly aggressive tumors from less aggressive ones. Thus, this approach has proven the potential of exploiting cancer-specific metabolites in clinical settings for obtaining personalized treatment strategies in PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Dudka
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Pernilla Wikström
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Anders Bergh
- Department of Medical Biosciences, Pathology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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21
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Larson PE, Bernard JM, Bankson JA, Bøgh N, Bok RA, Chen AP, Cunningham CH, Gordon J, Hövener JB, Laustsen C, Mayer D, McLean MA, Schilling F, Slater J, Vanderheyden JL, von Morze C, Vigneron DB, Xu D, Group THCMC. Current Methods for Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate MRI Human Studies. ARXIV 2023:arXiv:2309.04040v2. [PMID: 37731660 PMCID: PMC10508833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
MRI with hyperpolarized (HP) 13C agents, also known as HP 13C MRI, can measure processes such as localized metabolism that is altered in numerous cancers, liver, heart, kidney diseases, and more. It has been translated into human studies during the past 10 years, with recent rapid growth in studies largely based on increasing availability of hyperpolarized agent preparation methods suitable for use in humans. This paper aims to capture the current successful practices for HP MRI human studies with [1-13C]pyruvate - by far the most commonly used agent, which sits at a key metabolic junction in glycolysis. The paper is divided into four major topic areas: (1) HP 13C-pyruvate preparation, (2) MRI system setup and calibrations, (3) data acquisition and image reconstruction, and (4) data analysis and quantification. In each area, we identified the key components for a successful study, summarized both published studies and current practices, and discuss evidence gaps, strengths, and limitations. This paper is the output of the HP 13C MRI Consensus Group as well as the ISMRM Hyperpolarized Media MR and Hyperpolarized Methods & Equipment study groups. It further aims to provide a comprehensive reference for future consensus building as the field continues to advance human studies with this metabolic imaging modality.
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22
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Chowdhury R, Moorthy M, Smith L, Mueller CA, Gong F, Rogers HJ, Papoutsaki MV, Syer T, Brembilla G, Singh S, Retter A, Parry T, Clemente J, Caselton L, Jeraj H, Bullock M, Mathew M, Chung TT, Akker S, Chapple P, Salsbury GA, Bainbridge A, Atkinson D, Gadian DG, Srirangalingam U, Punwani S. First-in-human in-vivo depiction of paraganglioma metabolism by hyperpolarised 13C-magnetic resonance. BJR Case Rep 2023; 9:20220089. [PMID: 37928705 PMCID: PMC10621573 DOI: 10.1259/bjrcr.20220089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phaeochromocytomas (PCC) and paragangliomas (PGL), cumulatively referred to as PPGLs, are neuroendocrine tumours arising from neural crest-derived cells in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. Predicting future tumour behaviour and the likelihood of metastatic disease remains problematic as genotype-phenotype correlations are limited, the disease has variable penetrance and, to date, no reliable molecular, cellular or histological markers have emerged. Tumour metabolism quantification can be considered as a method to delineating tumour aggressiveness by utilising hyperpolarised 13 C-MR (HP-MR). The technique may provide an opportunity to non-invasively characterise disease behaviour. Here, we present the first instance of the analysis of PPGL metabolism via HP-MR in a single case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Chowdhury
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Myuri Moorthy
- Department of Endocrinology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lorna Smith
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Fiona Gong
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Harriet J Rogers
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Tom Syer
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giorgio Brembilla
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adam Retter
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Thomas Parry
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joey Clemente
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy Caselton
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hassan Jeraj
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Max Bullock
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Manju Mathew
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - Teng Teng Chung
- Department of Endocrinology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Scott Akker
- Department of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s Hospital, London, UK
| | - Paul Chapple
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Grace A Salsbury
- Department of Endocrinology, University College London Hospital, London, UK
| | - Alan Bainbridge
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - David Atkinson
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK
| | - David G Gadian
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
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23
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Jha PK, Walker C, Mitchell D, Oden JT, Schellingerhout D, Bankson JA, Fuentes DT. Mutual-information based optimal experimental design for hyperpolarized [Formula: see text]C-pyruvate MRI. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18047. [PMID: 37872226 PMCID: PMC10593962 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44958-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A key parameter of interest recovered from hyperpolarized (HP) MRI measurements is the apparent pyruvate-to-lactate exchange rate, [Formula: see text], for measuring tumor metabolism. This manuscript presents an information-theory-based optimal experimental design approach that minimizes the uncertainty in the rate parameter, [Formula: see text], recovered from HP-MRI measurements. Mutual information is employed to measure the information content of the HP measurements with respect to the first-order exchange kinetics of the pyruvate conversion to lactate. Flip angles of the pulse sequence acquisition are optimized with respect to the mutual information. A time-varying flip angle scheme leads to a higher parameter optimization that can further improve the quantitative value of mutual information over a constant flip angle scheme. However, the constant flip angle scheme, 35 and 28 degrees for pyruvate and lactate measurements, leads to an accuracy and precision comparable to the variable flip angle schemes obtained from our method. Combining the comparable performance and practical implementation, optimized pyruvate and lactate flip angles of 35 and 28 degrees, respectively, are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant K. Jha
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | - Christopher Walker
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77320 USA
| | - Drew Mitchell
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77320 USA
| | - J. Tinsley Oden
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA
| | | | - James A. Bankson
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77320 USA
| | - David T. Fuentes
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77320 USA
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24
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Chung BT, Kim Y, Gordon JW, Chen HY, Autry AW, Lee PM, Hu JY, Tan CT, Suszczynski C, Chang SM, Villanueva-Meyer JE, Bok RA, Larson PEZ, Xu D, Li Y, Vigneron DB. Hyperpolarized [2- 13C]pyruvate MR molecular imaging with whole brain coverage. Neuroimage 2023; 280:120350. [PMID: 37634883 PMCID: PMC10530049 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) 13C Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was applied for the first time to image and quantify the uptake and metabolism of [2-13C]pyruvate in the human brain to provide new metabolic information on cerebral energy metabolism. HP [2-13C]pyruvate was injected intravenously and imaged in 5 healthy human volunteer exams with whole brain coverage in a 1-minute acquisition using a specialized spectral-spatial multi-slice echoplanar imaging (EPI) pulse sequence to acquire 13C-labeled volumetric and dynamic images of [2-13C]pyruvate and downstream metabolites [5-13C]glutamate and [2-13C]lactate. Metabolic ratios and apparent conversion rates of pyruvate-to-lactate (kPL) and pyruvate-to-glutamate (kPG) were quantified to investigate simultaneously glycolytic and oxidative metabolism in a single injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T Chung
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF - UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, USA
| | - Yaewon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | - Jeremy W Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adam W Autry
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Philip M Lee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF - UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, USA
| | - Jasmine Y Hu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF - UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, USA
| | - Chou T Tan
- ISOTEC Stable Isotope Division, MilliporeSigma, Merck KGaA, Miamisburg, OH 45342, USA
| | - Chris Suszczynski
- ISOTEC Stable Isotope Division, MilliporeSigma, Merck KGaA, Miamisburg, OH 45342, USA
| | - Susan M Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Javier E Villanueva-Meyer
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Robert A Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF - UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF - UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, 1700 Fourth Street, Byers Hall Suite 102, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA; UCSF - UC Berkeley Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, USA; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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25
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Wei Y, Zhang T, Wang B, Pan J, Jin S, Fang B, Gu W, Qin X, Dai B, Lin G, Gan H, Wu J, Ye D, Zhu Y. Prospective clinical sequencing of 1016 Chinese prostate cancer patients: uncovering genomic characterization and race disparity. Mol Oncol 2023; 17:2183-2199. [PMID: 37584393 PMCID: PMC10552897 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Although there is a well-known disparity in prostate cancer (PC) incidence and mortality between Chinese and Western patients, the underlying genomic differences have been investigated only sparsely. This clinicogenomic study was conducted to reveal the genomic mutations contributing to the PC disparity across ethnicities and investigate the mutational profile of Chinese PC patients. A total of 1016 Chinese PC patients were prospectively enrolled and subjected to targeted sequencing, resulting in usable sequencing data for 41 genes from 859 patients. Genomic data retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA; locoregional PC), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [MSKCC; metastatic castration-sensitive PC (mCSPC)], and Stand Up To Cancer [SU2C; metastatic castration-resistant PC (mCRPC)] cohorts were used as comparators representing Western men. Genomic mutations were analyzed using an integrated bioinformatic strategy. A comparison of the disease stages revealed that mutations in tumor protein 53 (TP53), androgen receptor (AR), forkhead box A1 (FOXA1), and genes involved in the cell cycle pathway were enriched in mCRPC. Mutations in adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene were found to be more prevalent in patients with visceral metastasis. Genomic differences between Western and Chinese men were mainly observed in castration-sensitive PC, with tumors from Chinese men having more FOXA1 (11.4% vs. 4.2%) but fewer TP53 (4.8% vs. 13%) mutations in locoregional PC and harboring fewer TP53 (11% vs. 29.2%), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN; 2.5% vs. 10.3%), and APC (1.7% vs. 7.4%) mutations in the mCSPC stage than those of Western men. Patients of both ethnicities with mCRPC had similar mutational spectra. Furthermore, FOXA1 class-2 was less common than FOXA1 class-1 and showed no enrichment in metastasis, contrary to the findings in the Western cohort. Our study provides a valuable resource for a better understanding of PC in China and reveals the genomic alterations associated with PC disparity across races.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wei
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Tingwei Zhang
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Beihe Wang
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Shengming Jin
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Bangwei Fang
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Weijie Gu
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Xiaojian Qin
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Bo Dai
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Guowen Lin
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Hualei Gan
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of PathologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Dingwei Ye
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of UrologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Genitourinary Cancer InstituteChina
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Arponen O, Wodtke P, Gallagher FA, Woitek R. Hyperpolarised 13C-MRI using 13C-pyruvate in breast cancer: A review. Eur J Radiol 2023; 167:111058. [PMID: 37666071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2023.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumour metabolism can be imaged with a novel imaging technique termed hyperpolarised carbon-13 (13C)-MRI using probes, i.e., endogenously found molecules that are labeled with 13C. Hyperpolarisation of the 13C label increases the sensitivity to a level that allows dynamic imaging of the distribution and metabolism of the probes. Dynamic imaging of [1-13C]pyruvate metabolism is of particular biological interest in cancer because of the Warburg effect resulting in the intratumoural accumulation of [1-13C]pyruvate and conversion to [1-13C]lactate. Numerous preclinical studies in breast cancer and other tumours have shown that hyperpolarised 13C-pyruvate has potential for metabolic phenotyping and response assessment at earlier timepoints than the current clinical imaging techniques allow. The clinical feasibility of hyperpolarised 13C-MRI after the injection of pyruvate in patients with breast cancer has now been demonstrated, with increased 13C-label exchange between pyruvate and lactate present in higher grade tumours with associated increased expression of the monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1), the transmembrane transporter mediating intracellular pyruvate uptake, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as the enzyme catalysing the conversion of pyruvate to lactate. Furthermore, a study in patients with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy suggested that early changes in 13C-label exchange can distinguish between patients who reach pathologic complete response (pCR) and those who do not. This review summarises the current literature on preclinical and clinical research on hyperpolarised 13C-MRI with [1-13C]-pyruvate in breast cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otso Arponen
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Pascal Wodtke
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ramona Woitek
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Cambridge Center, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Research Center for Medical Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence (MIAAI), Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
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Deen SS, Rooney C, Shinozaki A, McGing J, Grist JT, Tyler DJ, Serrão E, Gallagher FA. Hyperpolarized Carbon 13 MRI: Clinical Applications and Future Directions in Oncology. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2023; 5:e230005. [PMID: 37682052 PMCID: PMC10546364 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarized carbon 13 MRI (13C MRI) is a novel imaging approach that can noninvasively probe tissue metabolism in both normal and pathologic tissues. The process of hyperpolarization increases the signal acquired by several orders of magnitude, allowing injected 13C-labeled molecules and their downstream metabolites to be imaged in vivo, thus providing real-time information on kinetics. To date, the most important reaction studied with hyperpolarized 13C MRI is exchange of the hyperpolarized 13C signal from injected [1-13C]pyruvate with the resident tissue lactate pool. Recent preclinical and human studies have shown the role of several biologic factors such as the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme, pyruvate transporter expression, and tissue hypoxia in generating the MRI signal from this reaction. Potential clinical applications of hyperpolarized 13C MRI in oncology include using metabolism to stratify tumors by grade, selecting therapeutic pathways based on tumor metabolic profiles, and detecting early treatment response through the imaging of shifts in metabolism that precede tumor structural changes. This review summarizes the foundations of hyperpolarized 13C MRI, presents key findings from human cancer studies, and explores the future clinical directions of the technique in oncology. Keywords: Hyperpolarized Carbon 13 MRI, Molecular Imaging, Cancer, Tissue Metabolism © RSNA, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surrin S Deen
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Catriona Rooney
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Ayaka Shinozaki
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Jordan McGing
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - James T Grist
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Damian J Tyler
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Eva Serrão
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- From the Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, England (S.S.D., E.S., F.A.G.); Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics (C.R., A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.) and the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (A.S., J.T.G., D.J.T.), University of Oxford, Oxford, England; Department of Radiology, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, England (J.M., J.T.G.); Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England (J.T.G.); Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England (E.S., F.A.G.); Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, Cambridge, England (F.A.G.); and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada (E.S.)
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Qi YM, Xiao EH. Advances in application of novel magnetic resonance imaging technologies in liver disease diagnosis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4384-4396. [PMID: 37576700 PMCID: PMC10415971 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i28.4384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver disease is a major health concern globally, with high morbidity and mor-tality rates. Precise diagnosis and assessment are vital for guiding treatment approaches, predicting outcomes, and improving patient prognosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive diagnostic technique that has been widely used for detecting liver disease. Recent advancements in MRI technology, such as diffusion weighted imaging, intravoxel incoherent motion, magnetic resonance elastography, chemical exchange saturation transfer, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, hyperpolarized MR, contrast-enhanced MRI, and ra-diomics, have significantly improved the accuracy and effectiveness of liver disease diagnosis. This review aims to discuss the progress in new MRI technologies for liver diagnosis. By summarizing current research findings, we aim to provide a comprehensive reference for researchers and clinicians to optimize the use of MRI in liver disease diagnosis and improve patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ming Qi
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
| | - En-Hua Xiao
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, Hunan Province, China
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29
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Woitek R, Brindle KM. Hyperpolarized Carbon-13 MRI in Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2311. [PMID: 37443703 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13132311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the hallmarks of cancer is metabolic reprogramming, including high levels of aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect). Pyruvate is a product of glucose metabolism, and 13C-MR imaging of the metabolism of hyperpolarized (HP) [1-13C]pyruvate (HP 13C-MRI) has been shown to be a potentially versatile tool for the clinical evaluation of tumor metabolism. Hyperpolarization of the 13C nuclear spin can increase the sensitivity of detection by 4-5 orders of magnitude. Therefore, following intravenous injection, the location of hyperpolarized 13C-labeled pyruvate in the body and its subsequent metabolism can be tracked using 13C-MRI. Hyperpolarized [13C]urea and [1,4-13C2]fumarate are also likely to translate to the clinic in the near future as tools for imaging tissue perfusion and post-treatment tumor cell death, respectively. For clinical breast imaging, HP 13C-MRI can be combined with 1H-MRI to address the need for detailed anatomical imaging combined with improved functional tumor phenotyping and very early identification of patients not responding to standard and novel neoadjuvant treatments. If the technical complexity of the hyperpolarization process and the relatively high associated costs can be reduced, then hyperpolarized 13C-MRI has the potential to become more widely available for large-scale clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Woitek
- Research Centre for Medical Image Analysis and AI, Danube Private University, 3500 Krems, Austria
- Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Kevin M Brindle
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
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30
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Chetta P, Sriram R, Zadra G. Lactate as Key Metabolite in Prostate Cancer Progression: What Are the Clinical Implications? Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3473. [PMID: 37444583 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced prostate cancer represents the fifth leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Although androgen-receptor signaling is the major driver of the disease, evidence is accumulating that disease progression is supported by substantial metabolic changes. Alterations in de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid catabolism are consistently reported during prostate cancer development and progression in association with androgen-receptor signaling. Therefore, the term "lipogenic phenotype" is frequently used to describe the complex metabolic rewiring that occurs in prostate cancer. However, a new scenario has emerged in which lactate may play a major role. Alterations in oncogenes/tumor suppressors, androgen signaling, hypoxic conditions, and cells in the tumor microenvironment can promote aerobic glycolysis in prostate cancer cells and the release of lactate in the tumor microenvironment, favoring immune evasion and metastasis. As prostate cancer is composed of metabolically heterogenous cells, glycolytic prostate cancer cells or cancer-associated fibroblasts can also secrete lactate and create "symbiotic" interactions with oxidative prostate cancer cells via lactate shuttling to sustain disease progression. Here, we discuss the multifaceted role of lactate in prostate cancer progression, taking into account the influence of the systemic metabolic and gut microbiota. We call special attention to the clinical opportunities of imaging lactate accumulation for patient stratification and targeting lactate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Chetta
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Renuka Sriram
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Giorgia Zadra
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, National Research Council (IGM-CNR), 27100 Pavia, Italy
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31
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Guglielmetti C, Cordano C, Najac C, Green AJ, Chaumeil MM. Imaging immunomodulatory treatment responses in a multiple sclerosis mouse model using hyperpolarized 13C metabolic MRI. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2023; 3:71. [PMID: 37217574 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-023-00300-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the ability of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including T1 contrast-enhanced (CE) MRI, to monitor high-efficacy therapies and predict long-term disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) has been challenged. Therefore, non-invasive methods to improve MS lesions detection and monitor therapy response are needed. METHODS We studied the combined cuprizone and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CPZ-EAE) mouse model of MS, which presents inflammatory-mediated demyelinated lesions in the central nervous system as commonly seen in MS patients. Using hyperpolarized 13C MR spectroscopy (MRS) metabolic imaging, we measured cerebral metabolic fluxes in control, CPZ-EAE and CPZ-EAE mice treated with two clinically-relevant therapies, namely fingolimod and dimethyl fumarate. We also acquired conventional T1 CE MRI to detect active lesions, and performed ex vivo measurements of enzyme activities and immunofluorescence analyses of brain tissue. Last, we evaluated associations between imaging and ex vivo parameters. RESULTS We show that hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate conversion to lactate is increased in the brain of untreated CPZ-EAE mice when compared to the control, reflecting immune cell activation. We further demonstrate that this metabolic conversion is significantly decreased in response to the two treatments. This reduction can be explained by increased pyruvate dehydrogenase activity and a decrease in immune cells. Importantly, we show that hyperpolarized 13C MRS detects dimethyl fumarate therapy, whereas conventional T1 CE MRI cannot. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, hyperpolarized MRS metabolic imaging of [1-13C]pyruvate detects immunological responses to disease-modifying therapies in MS. This technique is complementary to conventional MRI and provides unique information on neuroinflammation and its modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Guglielmetti
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Christian Cordano
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chloé Najac
- Department of Radiology, C.J. Gorter MRI Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ari J Green
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of California at San Francisco, CA, San Francisco, USA
| | - Myriam M Chaumeil
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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32
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Lactate induces tumor-associated macrophage polarization independent of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier-mediated metabolism. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 237:123810. [PMID: 36868333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cell-derived lactate has been recognized as the key driver of polarization in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Intratumoral lactate can be transported into macrophages to fuel the TCA cycle, which is mediated by mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC). At the heart of intracellular metabolism, MPC-mediated transport has been investigated in studies which suggested its role and importance in the process of TAMs polarization. However, previous studies relied on pharmacological inhibition instead of genetic approaches to evaluate the role of MPC in TAMs polarization. Here, we demonstrated that genetic depletion of MPC blocks the entry of lactate into mitochondria in macrophages. However, MPC-mediated metabolism was dispensable for IL-4/lactate-induced macrophages polarization as well as tumor growth. In addition, MPC depletion had no impact on hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) stabilization and histone lactylation, both of which are required for TAMs polarization. Our study suggests that lactate itself, rather than its downstream metabolites, is responsible for TAMs polarization.
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Nwosu ZC, Song MG, di Magliano MP, Lyssiotis CA, Kim SE. Nutrient transporters: connecting cancer metabolism to therapeutic opportunities. Oncogene 2023; 42:711-724. [PMID: 36739364 PMCID: PMC10266237 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02593-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cells rely on certain extracellular nutrients to sustain their metabolism and growth. Solute carrier (SLC) transporters enable cells to acquire extracellular nutrients or shuttle intracellular nutrients across organelles. However, the function of many SLC transporters in cancer is unknown. Determining the key SLC transporters promoting cancer growth could reveal important therapeutic opportunities. Here we summarize recent findings and knowledge gaps on SLC transporters in cancer. We highlight existing inhibitors for studying these transporters, clinical trials on treating cancer by blocking transporters, and compensatory transporters used by cancer cells to evade treatment. We propose targeting transporters simultaneously or in combination with targeted therapy or immunotherapy as alternative strategies for effective cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeribe Chike Nwosu
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mun Gu Song
- Department of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Biosystems and Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Integrated Biomedical and Life Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Preclinical models of prostate cancer - modelling androgen dependency and castration resistance in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. Nat Rev Urol 2023:10.1038/s41585-023-00726-1. [PMID: 36788359 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00726-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is well known to be dependent on the androgen receptor (AR) for growth and survival. Thus, AR is the main pharmacological target to treat this disease. However, after an initially positive response to AR-targeting therapies, prostate cancer will eventually evolve to castration-resistant prostate cancer, which is often lethal. Tumour growth was initially thought to become androgen-independent following treatments; however, results from molecular studies have shown that most resistance mechanisms involve the reactivation of AR. Consequently, tumour cells become resistant to castration - the blockade of testicular androgens - and not independent of AR per se. However, confusion still remains on how to properly define preclinical models of prostate cancer, including cell lines. Most cell lines were isolated from patients for cell culture after evolution of the tumour to castration-resistant prostate cancer, but not all of these cell lines are described as castration resistant. Moreover, castration refers to the blockade of testosterone production by the testes; thus, even the concept of "castration" in vitro is questionable. To ensure maximal transfer of knowledge from scientific research to the clinic, understanding the limitations and advantages of preclinical models, as well as how these models recapitulate cancer cell androgen dependency and can be used to study castration resistance mechanisms, is essential.
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Wu X, Wang Z, Luo L, Shu D, Wang K. Metabolomics in hepatocellular carcinoma: From biomarker discovery to precision medicine. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 4:1065506. [PMID: 36688143 PMCID: PMC9845953 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2022.1065506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a global health burden, and is mostly diagnosed at late and advanced stages. Currently, limited and insensitive diagnostic modalities continue to be the bottleneck of effective and tailored therapy for HCC patients. Moreover, the complex reprogramming of metabolic patterns during HCC initiation and progression has been obstructing the precision medicine in clinical practice. As a noninvasive and global screening approach, metabolomics serves as a powerful tool to dynamically monitor metabolic patterns and identify promising metabolite biomarkers, therefore holds a great potential for the development of tailored therapy for HCC patients. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in HCC metabolomics studies, including metabolic alterations associated with HCC progression, as well as novel metabolite biomarkers for HCC diagnosis, monitor, and prognostic evaluation. Moreover, we highlight the application of multi-omics strategies containing metabolomics in biomarker discovery for HCC. Notably, we also discuss the opportunities and challenges of metabolomics in nowadays HCC precision medicine. As technologies improving and metabolite biomarkers discovering, metabolomics has made a major step toward more timely and effective precision medicine for HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyun Wu
- West China School of Basic Medical Science & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihao Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Luo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Dan Shu
- School of Bioscience and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Kui Wang Dan Shu
| | - Kui Wang
- West China School of Basic Medical Science & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Correspondence: Kui Wang Dan Shu
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Micro-Slab Coil Design for Hyperpolarized Metabolic Flux Analysis in Multiple Samples. BIOENGINEERING (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010014. [PMID: 36671586 PMCID: PMC9854444 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal metabolism is a hallmark of cancer cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that metabolic changes are likely to occur before other cellular responses in cancer cells upon drug treatment. Therefore, the metabolic activity or flux in cancer cells could be a potent biomarker for cancer detection and treatment monitoring. Magnetic resonance (MR)-based sensing technologies have been developed with hyperpolarized molecules for real-time flux analysis, but they still suffer from low sensitivity and throughput. To address this limitation, we have developed an innovative miniaturized MR coil, termed micro-slab MR coil, for simultaneous analysis of metabolic flux in multiple samples. Combining this approach with hyperpolarized probes, we were able to quantify the pyruvate-to-lactate flux in two different leukemic cell lines in a non-destructive manner, simultaneously. Further, we were able to rapidly assess flux changes with drug treatment in a single hyperpolarization experiment. This new multi-sample system has the potential to transform our ability to assess metabolic dynamics at scale.
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Chen HY, Bok RA, Cooperberg MR, Nguyen HG, Shinohara K, Westphalen AC, Wang ZJ, Ohliger MA, Gebrezgiabhier D, Carvajal L, Gordon JW, Larson PEZ, Aggarwal R, Kurhanewicz J, Vigneron DB. Improving multiparametric MR-transrectal ultrasound guided fusion prostate biopsies with hyperpolarized 13 C pyruvate metabolic imaging: A technical development study. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:2609-2620. [PMID: 35975978 PMCID: PMC9794017 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop techniques and establish a workflow using hyperpolarized carbon-13 (13 C) MRI and the pyruvate-to-lactate conversion rate (kPL ) biomarker to guide MR-transrectal ultrasound fusion prostate biopsies. METHODS The integrated multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) exam consisted of a 1-min hyperpolarized 13 C-pyruvate EPI acquisition added to a conventional prostate mpMRI exam. Maps of kPL values were calculated, uploaded to a picture archiving and communication system and targeting platform, and displayed as color overlays on T2 -weighted anatomic images. Abdominal radiologists identified 13 C research biopsy targets based on the general recommendation of focal lesions with kPL >0.02(s-1 ), and created a targeting report for each study. Urologists conducted transrectal ultrasound-guided MR fusion biopsies, including the standard 1 H-mpMRI targets as well as 12-14 core systematic biopsies informed by the research 13 C-kPL targets. All biopsy results were included in the final pathology report and calculated toward clinical risk. RESULTS This study demonstrated the safety and technical feasibility of integrating hyperpolarized 13 C metabolic targeting into routine 1 H-mpMRI and transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsy workflows, evaluated via 5 men (median age 71 years, prostate-specific antigen 8.4 ng/mL, Cancer of the Prostate Risk Assessment score 2) on active surveillance undergoing integrated scan and subsequent biopsies. No adverse event was reported. Median turnaround time was less than 3 days from scan to 13 C-kPL targeting, and scan-to-biopsy time was 2 weeks. Median number of 13 C targets was 1 (range: 1-2) per patient, measuring 1.0 cm (range: 0.6-1.9) in diameter, with a median kPL of 0.0319 s-1 (range: 0.0198-0.0410). CONCLUSIONS This proof-of-concept work demonstrated the safety and feasibility of integrating hyperpolarized 13 C MR biomarkers to the standard mpMRI workflow to guide MR-transrectal ultrasound fusion biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yu Chen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Robert A. Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Matthew R. Cooperberg
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Hao G. Nguyen
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Katsuto Shinohara
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Antonio C. Westphalen
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Zhen J. Wang
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Michael A. Ohliger
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Daniel Gebrezgiabhier
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Lucas Carvajal
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Jeremy W. Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Peder E. Z. Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Rahul Aggarwal
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - John Kurhanewicz
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
| | - Daniel B. Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California United States
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Hu JY, Kim Y, Autry AW, Frost MM, Bok RA, Villanueva-Meyer JE, Xu D, Li Y, Larson PEZ, Vigneron DB, Gordon JW. Kinetic analysis of multi-resolution hyperpolarized 13 C human brain MRI to study cerebral metabolism. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:2190-2197. [PMID: 35754148 PMCID: PMC9420752 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate multi-resolution hyperpolarized (HP) 13 C pyruvate MRI for measuring kinetic conversion rates in the human brain. METHODS HP [1-13 C]pyruvate MRI was acquired in 6 subjects with a multi-resolution EPI sequence at 7.5 × 7.5 mm2 resolution for pyruvate and 15 × 15 mm2 resolution for lactate and bicarbonate. With the same lactate data, 2 quantitative maps of pyruvate-to-lactate conversion (kPL ) maps were generated: 1 using 7.5 × 7.5 mm2 resolution pyruvate data and the other using synthetic 15 × 15 mm2 resolution pyruvate data to simulate a standard constant resolution acquisition. To examine local kPL values, 4 voxels were manually selected in each study representing brain tissue near arteries, brain tissue near veins, white matter, and gray matter. RESULTS High resolution 7.5 × 7.5 mm2 pyruvate images increased the spatial delineation of brain structures and decreased partial volume effects compared to coarser resolution 15 × 15 mm2 pyruvate images. Voxels near arteries, veins and in white matter exhibited higher calculated kPL for multi-resolution images. CONCLUSION Acquiring HP 13 C pyruvate metabolic data with a multi-resolution approach minimized partial volume effects from vascular pyruvate signals while maintaining the SNR of downstream metabolites. Higher resolution pyruvate images for kinetic fitting resulted in increased kinetic rate values, particularly around the superior sagittal sinus and cerebral arteries, by reducing extracellular pyruvate signal contributions from adjacent blood vessels. This HP 13 C study showed that acquiring pyruvate with finer resolution improved the quantification of kinetic rates throughout the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Y Hu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yaewon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Adam W Autry
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mary M Frost
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robert A Bok
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Javier E Villanueva-Meyer
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Peder E Z Larson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Daniel B Vigneron
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
- UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering, University of California, San Francisco and University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Jeremy W Gordon
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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HIF1α lactylation enhances KIAA1199 transcription to promote angiogenesis and vasculogenic mimicry in prostate cancer. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 222:2225-2243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sushentsev N, McLean MA, Warren AY, Brodie C, Jones J, Gallagher FA, Barrett T. The potential of hyperpolarised 13C-MRI to target glycolytic tumour core in prostate cancer. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:7155-7162. [PMID: 35731287 PMCID: PMC9474577 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08929-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hyperpolarised [1-13C]pyruvate MRI (HP-13C-MRI) is an emerging metabolic imaging technique that has shown promise for evaluating prostate cancer (PCa) aggressiveness. Accurate tumour delineation on HP-13C-MRI is vital for quantitative assessment of the underlying tissue metabolism. However, there is no consensus on the optimum method for segmenting HP-13C-MRI, and whole-mount pathology (WMP) as the histopathological gold-standard is only available for surgical patients. Although proton MRI can be used for tumour delineation, this approach significantly underestimates tumour volume, and metabolic tumour segmentation based on HP-13C-MRI could provide an important functional metric of tumour volume. In this study, we quantified metabolism using HP-13C-MRI and segmentation approaches based on WMP maps, 1H-MRI-derived T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), and HP-13C-MRI-derived total carbon signal-to-noise ratio maps (TC-SNR) with an SNR threshold of 5.0. 13C-labelled pyruvate SNR, lactate SNR, TC-SNR, and the pyruvate-to-lactate exchange rate constant (kPL) were significantly higher when measured using the TC-SNR-guided approach, which also corresponded to a significantly higher tumour epithelial expression on RNAscope imaging of the enzyme catalysing pyruvate-to-lactate metabolism (lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)). However, linear regression and Bland-Altman analyses demonstrated a strong linear relationship between all three segmentation approaches, which correlated significantly with RNA-scope-derived epithelial LDH expression. These results suggest that standard-of-care T2WI and TC-SNR maps could be used as clinical reference tools for segmenting localised PCa on HP-13C-MRI in the absence of the WMP gold standard. The TC-SNR-guided approach could be used clinically to target biopsies towards highly glycolytic tumour areas and therefore to sample aggressive disease with higher precision. KEY POINTS: • T2WI- and TC-SNR-guided segmentations can be used in all PCa patients and do not explicitly require WMP maps. • Agreement between the three segmentation approaches is biologically validated by their strong relationship with epithelial LDH mRNA expression. • The TC-SNR-guided approach can potentially be used to identify occult disease on 1H-MRI and target the most glycolytically active regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sushentsev
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne Y Warren
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cara Brodie
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Jones
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ferdia A Gallagher
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Tristan Barrett
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital and University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Box 218, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Dou Q, Grant AK, Callahan C, Coutinho de Souza P, Mwin D, Booth AL, Nasser I, Moussa M, Ahmed M, Tsai LL. PFKFB3-mediated Pro-glycolytic Shift in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:61-75. [PMID: 36162723 PMCID: PMC9672450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metabolic reprogramming, in particular, glycolytic regulation, supports abnormal survival and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and could serve as a therapeutic target. In this study, we sought to identify glycolytic regulators in HCC that could be inhibited to prevent tumor progression and could also be monitored in vivo, with the goal of providing a theragnostic alternative to existing therapies. METHODS An orthotopic HCC rat model was used. Tumors were stimulated into a high-proliferation state by use of off-target liver ablation and were compared with lower-proliferating controls. We measured in vivo metabolic alteration in tumors before and after stimulation, and between stimulated tumors and control tumors using hyperpolarized 13C magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (h13C MRI). We compared metabolic alterations detected by h13C MRI to metabolite levels from ex vivo mass spectrometry, mRNA levels of key glycolytic regulators, and histopathology. RESULTS Glycolytic lactate flux increased within HCC tumors 3 days after tumor stimulation, correlating positively with tumor proliferation as measured with Ki67. This was associated with a shift towards aerobic glycolysis and downregulation of the pentose phosphate pathway detected by mass spectrometry. MRI-measured lactate flux was most closely coupled with PFKFB3 expression and was suppressed with direct inhibition using PFK15. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of PFKFB3 prevents glycolytic-mediated HCC proliferation, trackable by in vivo h13C MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianhui Dou
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aaron K Grant
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cody Callahan
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patricia Coutinho de Souza
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Mwin
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Adam L Booth
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Imad Nasser
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marwan Moussa
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Muneeb Ahmed
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Leo L Tsai
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
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42
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Wei Y, Yang C, Jiang H, Li Q, Che F, Wan S, Yao S, Gao F, Zhang T, Wang J, Song B. Multi-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy: state of the art and future directions. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:135. [PMID: 35976510 PMCID: PMC9382599 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01262-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of heteronuclear fluorine, sodium, phosphorus, and other probes and imaging technologies as well as the optimization of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) equipment and sequences, multi-nuclear magnetic resonance (multi-NMR) has enabled localize molecular activities in vivo that are central to a variety of diseases, including cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative pathologies, metabolic diseases, kidney, and tumor, to shift from the traditional morphological imaging to the molecular imaging, precision diagnosis, and treatment mode. However, due to the low natural abundance and low gyromagnetic ratios, the clinical application of multi-NMR has been hampered. Several techniques have been developed to amplify the NMR sensitivity such as the dynamic nuclear polarization, spin-exchange optical pumping, and brute-force polarization. Meanwhile, a wide range of nuclei can be hyperpolarized, such as 2H, 3He, 13C, 15 N, 31P, and 129Xe. The signal can be increased and allows real-time observation of biological perfusion, metabolite transport, and metabolic reactions in vivo, overcoming the disadvantages of conventional magnetic resonance of low sensitivity. HP-NMR imaging of different nuclear substrates provides a unique opportunity and invention to map the metabolic changes in various organs without invasive procedures. This review aims to focus on the recent applications of multi-NMR technology not only in a range of preliminary animal experiments but also in various disease spectrum in human. Furthermore, we will discuss the future challenges and opportunities of this multi-NMR from a clinical perspective, in the hope of truly bridging the gap between cutting-edge molecular biology and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wei
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiwei Yang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanyu Jiang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Che
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang Wan
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Yao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Gao
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- Clinical & Technical Support, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Song
- Department of Radiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Radiology, Sanya People's Hospital, Sanya, China.
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Dwivedi DK, Jagannathan NR. Emerging MR methods for improved diagnosis of prostate cancer by multiparametric MRI. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 35:587-608. [PMID: 35867236 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01031-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current challenges of using serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level-based screening, such as the increased false positive rate, inability to detect clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) with random biopsy, multifocality in PCa, and the molecular heterogeneity of PCa, can be addressed by integrating advanced multiparametric MR imaging (mpMRI) approaches into the diagnostic workup of PCa. The standard method for diagnosing PCa is a transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided systematic prostate biopsy, but it suffers from sampling errors and frequently fails to detect clinically significant PCa. mpMRI not only increases the detection of clinically significant PCa, but it also helps to reduce unnecessary biopsies because of its high negative predictive value. Furthermore, non-Cartesian image acquisition and compressed sensing have resulted in faster MR acquisition with improved signal-to-noise ratio, which can be used in quantitative MRI methods such as dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. With the growing emphasis on the role of pre-biopsy mpMRI in the evaluation of PCa, there is an increased demand for innovative MRI methods that can improve PCa grading, detect clinically significant PCa, and biopsy guidance. To meet these demands, in addition to routine T1-weighted, T2-weighted, DCE-MRI, diffusion MRI, and MR spectroscopy, several new MR methods such as restriction spectrum imaging, vascular, extracellular, and restricted diffusion for cytometry in tumors (VERDICT) method, hybrid multi-dimensional MRI, luminal water imaging, and MR fingerprinting have been developed for a better characterization of the disease. Further, with the increasing interest in combining MR data with clinical and genomic data, there is a growing interest in utilizing radiomics and radiogenomics approaches. These big data can also be utilized in the development of computer-aided diagnostic tools, including automatic segmentation and the detection of clinically significant PCa using machine learning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Kumar Dwivedi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George Medical University, Lucknow, UP, 226 003, India.
| | - Naranamangalam R Jagannathan
- Department of Radiology, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, TN, 603 103, India.
- Department of Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, TN, 600 116, India.
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute Technology Madras, Chennai, TN, 600 036, India.
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DeBerardinis RJ, Keshari KR. Metabolic analysis as a driver for discovery, diagnosis, and therapy. Cell 2022; 185:2678-2689. [PMID: 35839759 PMCID: PMC9469798 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic anomalies contribute to tissue dysfunction. Current metabolism research spans from organelles to populations, and new technologies can accommodate investigation across these scales. Here, we review recent advancements in metabolic analysis, including small-scale metabolomics techniques amenable to organelles and rare cell types, functional screening to explore how cells respond to metabolic stress, and imaging approaches to non-invasively assess metabolic perturbations in diseases. We discuss how metabolomics provides an informative phenotypic dimension that complements genomic analysis in Mendelian and non-Mendelian disorders. We also outline pressing challenges and how addressing them may further clarify the biochemical basis of human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Children's Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Kayvan R Keshari
- Department of Radiology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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45
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Integrative metabolic flux analysis reveals an indispensable dimension of phenotypes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2022; 75:102701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2022.102701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Chowdhury R, Papoutsaki MV, Müller CA, Smith L, Gong F, Bullock M, Rogers H, Mathew M, Syer T, Singh S, Retter A, Caselton L, Ryu J, Oliver-Taylor A, Golay X, Bainbridge A, Gadian DG, Punwani S. A reproducible dynamic phantom for sequence testing in hyperpolarised 13C-magnetic resonance. Br J Radiol 2022; 95:20210770. [PMID: 35230136 PMCID: PMC10996405 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20210770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a phantom system which can be integrated with an automated injection system, eliminating the experimental variability that arises with manual injection; for the purposes of pulse sequence testing and metric derivation in hyperpolarised 13C-MR. METHODS The custom dynamic phantom was machined from Ultem and filled with a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and lactate dehydrogenase mixture dissolved in phosphate buffered saline. Hyperpolarised [1-13C]-pyruvate was then injected into the phantom (n = 8) via an automated syringe pump and the conversion of pyruvate to lactate monitored through a 13C imaging sequence. RESULTS The phantom showed low coefficient of variation for the lactate to pyruvate peak signal heights (11.6%) and dynamic area-under curve ratios (11.0%). The variance for the lactate dehydrogenase enzyme rate constant (kP) was also seen to be low at 15.6%. CONCLUSION The dynamic phantom demonstrates high reproducibility for quantification of 13C-hyperpolarised MR-derived metrics. Establishing such a phantom is needed to facilitate development of hyperpolarsed 13C-MR pulse sequenced; and moreover, to enable multisite hyperpolarised 13C-MR clinical trials where assessment of metric variability across sites is critical. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE The dynamic phantom developed during the course of this study will be a useful tool in testing new pulse sequences and standardisation in future hyperpolarised work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafat Chowdhury
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | | | - Christoph A Müller
- Department of Radiology, Medical Physics, Medical Center
– University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of
Freiburg, Freiburg,
Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Freiburg, German
Cancer Research Center (DKFZ),
Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Fiona Gong
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Max Bullock
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Harriet Rogers
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Manju Mathew
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Tom Syer
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Saurabh Singh
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Adam Retter
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Lucy Caselton
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | - Jung Ryu
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
| | | | - Xavier Golay
- Gold Standard Phantoms Limited,
London, UK
- Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, Institute of
Neurology, Queen’s Square, University College
London, London,
UK
| | - Alan Bainbridge
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering,
University College London Hospitals,
London, UK
| | - David G Gadian
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child
Health, London, UK
| | - Shonit Punwani
- Centre for Medical Imaging, Division of Medicine, University
College London, London,
UK
- Department of Radiology, University College London Hospitals
NHS Foundation Trust, London,
UK
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47
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Hyperpolarized [5- 13C,4,4- 2H 2,5- 15N]-L-glutamine provides a means of annotating in vivo metabolic utilization of glutamine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2120595119. [PMID: 35512101 PMCID: PMC9172133 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120595119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in human plasma, although it is challenging to determine glutamine’s metabolic fate noninvasively. In this work, we utilize established chemical methods to develop a platform for imaging glutamine metabolism using hyperpolarized magnetic resonance imaging. Using this strategy, we are able to spatially measure glutaminolysis in vivo as well as develop a biomarker for the inhibition of glutaminase. Combining this biomarker with isotope tracing metabolomics connects this inhibition to reduced glutamine contribution to the tricarboxylic acid cycle. This provides an approach for future imaging of glutamine metabolism in humans. Glutamine is consumed by rapidly proliferating cells and can provide the carbon and nitrogen required for growth through various metabolic pathways. However, delineating the metabolic fate of glutamine is challenging to interrogate in vivo. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance, by providing high transient nuclear magnetic resonance signals, provides an approach to measure fast biochemical processes in vivo. Aminohydrolysis of glutamine at carbon-5 plays an important role in providing nitrogen and carbon for multiple pathways. Here, we provide a synthetic strategy for isotope-enriched forms of glutamine that prolongs glutamine-C5 relaxation times and thereby reveals in vivo reactions involving carbon-5. We investigate multiple enrichment states, finding [5-13C,4,4-2H2,5-15N]-L-glutamine to be optimal for hyperpolarized measurement of glutamine conversion to glutamate in vivo. Leveraging this compound, we explore pancreatic cancer glutamine metabolism in vivo. Taken together, this work provides a means for studying glutamine metabolic flux in vivo and demonstrates on-target effects of metabolic enzyme inhibitors.
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Archer LK, Frame FM, Walker HF, Droop AP, McDonald GLK, Kucko S, Berney DM, Mann VM, Simms MS, Maitland NJ. ETS transcription factor ELF3 (ESE-1) is a cell cycle regulator in benign and malignant prostate. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 12:1365-1387. [PMID: 35472129 PMCID: PMC9249341 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the role of ELF3, an ETS family member in normal prostate growth and prostate cancer. Silencing ELF3 in both benign prostate (BPH-1) and prostate cancer (PC3) cell lines resulted in decreased colony forming ability, inhibition of cell migration and reduced cell viability due to cell cycle arrest, establishing ELF3 as a cell cycle regulator. Increased ELF3 expression in more advanced prostate tumours was shown by immunostaining of tissue microarrays and from analysis of gene expression and genetic alteration studies. This study indicates that ELF3 functions as part of normal prostate epithelial growth but also as a potential oncogene in advanced prostate cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne K. Archer
- Cancer Research UnitDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonUK
| | - Fiona M. Frame
- Cancer Research UnitDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonUK
| | - Hannah F. Walker
- Cancer Research UnitDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonUK
| | | | | | - Samuel Kucko
- Cancer Research UnitDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonUK
| | - Daniel M. Berney
- Department of Molecular OncologyBarts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonUK
| | - Vincent M. Mann
- Cancer Research UnitDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkHeslingtonUK
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Initial Experience on Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate MRI Multicenter Reproducibility—Are Multicenter Trials Feasible? Tomography 2022; 8:585-595. [PMID: 35314625 PMCID: PMC8938827 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate allows real-time and pathway specific clinical detection of otherwise unimageable in vivo metabolism. However, the comparability between sites and protocols is unknown. Here, we provide initial experiences on the agreement of hyperpolarized MRI between sites and protocols by repeated imaging of same healthy volunteers in Europe and the US. Methods: Three healthy volunteers traveled for repeated multicenter brain MRI exams with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate within one year. First, multisite agreement was assessed with the same echo-planar imaging protocol at both sites. Then, this was compared to a variable resolution echo-planar imaging protocol. In total, 12 examinations were performed. Common metrics of 13C-pyruvate to 13C-lactate conversion were calculated, including the kPL, a model-based kinetic rate constant, and its model-free equivalents. Repeatability was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for absolute agreement computed using two-way random effects models. Results: The mean kPL across all examinations in the multisite comparison was 0.024 ± 0.0016 s−1. The ICC of the kPL was 0.83 (p = 0.14) between sites and 0.7 (p = 0.09) between examinations of the same volunteer at any of the two sites. For the model-free metrics, the lactate Z-score had similar site-to-site ICC, while it was considerably lower for the lactate-to-pyruvate ratio. Conclusions: Estimation of metabolic conversion from hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate to lactate using model-based metrics such as kPL suggests close agreement between sites and examinations in volunteers. Our initial results support harmonization of protocols, support multicenter studies, and inform their design.
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Ippolito L, Comito G, Parri M, Iozzo M, Duatti A, Virgilio F, Lorito N, Bacci M, Pardella E, Sandrini G, Bianchini F, Damiano R, Ferrone L, la Marca G, Serni S, Spatafora P, Catapano CV, Morandi A, Giannoni E, Chiarugi P. Lactate rewires lipid metabolism and sustains a metabolic-epigenetic axis in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2022; 82:1267-1282. [PMID: 35135811 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-21-0914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lactate is an abundant oncometabolite in the tumor environment. In prostate cancer (PCa), cancer-associated fibroblasts are major contributors of secreted lactate, which can be taken up by cancer cells to sustain mitochondrial metabolism. However, how lactate impacts transcriptional regulation in tumors has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we describe a mechanism by which CAF-secreted lactate is able to increase the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism in PCa cells.This regulation enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation in lipid droplets (LD) and provided acetyl moieties for histone acetylation, establishing a regulatory loop between metabolites and epigenetic modification. Inhibition of this loop by targeting the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) protein family of histone acetylation readers suppressed the expression of perilipin-2 (PLIN2), a crucial component of LDs, disrupting lactate-dependent lipid metabolic rewiring. Inhibition of this CAF-induced metabolic-epigenetic regulatory loop in vivo reduced growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells, demonstrating its translational relevance as a therapeutic target in PCa. Clinically, PLIN2 expression was elevated in tumors with a higher Gleason grade and in castration resistant prostate cancer compared to primary PCa. Overall, these findings show that lactate has both a metabolic and an epigenetic role in promoting PCa progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Ippolito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Giuseppina Comito
- Department of Exsperimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Matteo Parri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Marta Iozzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Assia Duatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Francesca Virgilio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Nicla Lorito
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Marina Bacci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Elisa Pardella
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Giada Sandrini
- Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Oncology Research
| | | | - Roberta Damiano
- Newborn Screening Neonatal, biochemistry and pharmacology, Meyer Children's Hospital
| | | | - Giancarlo la Marca
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | | | - Pietro Spatafora
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence
| | - Carlo V Catapano
- Universita' della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Institute of Oncology Research
| | - Andrea Morandi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Elisa Giannoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
| | - Paola Chiarugi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence
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