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Guo Y, Shi J. Factors Associated With Psychological Wellbeing in Home Care Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease: A Longitudinal Analysis. J Appl Gerontol 2024:7334648241231406. [PMID: 38311959 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241231406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The long-term symptoms associated with Alzheimer's disease pose significant challenges to the psychological wellbeing of patients. This longitudinal study aims to analyze the effects of socioeconomic factors and physical health factors on the psychological wellbeing of older patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD) receiving home care, as well as the moderating role of aging and care support in influencing their psychological wellbeing. Data from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 628 older Alzheimer's patients) were analyzed using pooled ordinary least squares fixed-effects models. Findings suggest that Alzheimer's patients' psychological wellbeing was significantly affected by factors including cohabitation, gender, assistance frequency, age, education, and daily activity challenges, with assistance and increasing age mitigating some daily difficulties. The findings underline the multifactorial nature of psychological wellbeing among older Alzheimer's patients in home care and the critical role of social and physical health determinants in shaping these outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Guo
- School of Social Work, College of Health and Human Services, The University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
- School of Data Science, The University of North Carolina Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jingyi Shi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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2
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Warren A. The relationship between perceived stigma and perceived stress in cognitive decline: a survey of persons with mild cognitive impairment and their caregivers. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1293284. [PMID: 38144994 PMCID: PMC10740212 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1293284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction While Alzheimer's disease and other causes of dementia have rapidly become a global health crisis with growing incidence that is unabated, the incidence of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) far exceeds that of Alzheimer's disease. Persons with MCI demonstrate some level of cognitive impairment, but daily functions remain intact and there is no certainty that they will develop dementia. Yet, the possibility conjures a considerable amount of fear and anxiety, further fueled by a vast array of misconceptions and stigma. The pervasive nature of this stigma permeates society and culture at many levels. Persons with MCI who are at higher risk for development of dementia may be especially vulnerable to fear and stigma associated with the diagnosis. Based on this premise, the primary aim of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived stigma and perceived stress in persons with MCI and their care partners, including the relationship between income and the study variables. The secondary aim was to examine the effect of a combined cognitive rehabilitation and wellness program on these perceptions. Methods Thirty participants were recruited from Mayo Clinic's Health Action to Benefit Independence and Thinking (HABIT) program. MCI (n = 15) and care partner (n = 15) participants completed the Stigma Impact Scale (SIS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) before and after the HABIT program. Results Average SIS and PSS scores decreased in the MCI, care partner, and combined groups, both pre- and post-HABIT. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between perceived stigma and stress, controlling for income. A significant relationship was found between perceived stigma and perceived stress both pre and post-HABIT. Discussion The results suggest a relationship exists between perceived stigma and perceived stress in persons with MCI and their care partners, and an educational program such as HABIT may strengthen this relationship by informing participants of potential challenges that occur in cognitive decline. Understanding these relationships may provide an opportunity to provide tools for this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Warren
- The Department of Clinical Research and Leadership, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States
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3
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Farhana N, Peckham A, Marani H, Roerig M, Marchildon G. The Social Construction of Dementia: Implications for Healthcare Experiences of Caregivers and People Living with Dementia. J Patient Exp 2023; 10:23743735231211066. [PMID: 38026064 PMCID: PMC10663651 DOI: 10.1177/23743735231211066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, systems have invested in a variety of dementia care programs in response to the aging population and those who have been diagnosed with dementia. This study is a qualitative secondary analysis of interview data from a larger study investigating stakeholder perceptions of programs that support caregivers and people living with an Alzheimer's Disease or Alzheimer's Disease-related dementia (AD/ADRD) in five North American jurisdictions. This study analyzed interviews with individuals living with an AD/ADRD and caregivers of individuals living with an AD/ADRD (n = 11). Thematic analysis was conducted to understand how the perception of dementia may have shaped their engagement and experience with healthcare systems. Our analysis resulted in three main themes of care users' experience: (i) undesirable experience owing to the overarching negative shared understanding and stereotyping of dementia; (ii) dismissal throughout disease progression when seeking health and social care support; and (iii) dehumanization during care interactions. The findings carry critical social and clinical implications, for example, in informing person-centered approaches to care, and communication tools clinicians can use to enhance provider, patient, and caregiver well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Farhana
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Allie Peckham
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Husayn Marani
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monika Roerig
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Greg Marchildon
- North American Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Xu L, Fields NL, Daniel KM, Cipher DJ, Troutman BA. Reminiscence and Digital Storytelling to Improve the Social and Emotional Well-Being of Older Adults With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study Design and a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e49752. [PMID: 37676706 PMCID: PMC10514775 DOI: 10.2196/49752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing attention is being given to the growing concerns about social isolation, loneliness, and compromised emotional well-being experienced by young adults and older individuals affected by Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD). Studies suggest that reminiscence strategies combined with an intergenerational approach may yield significant social and mental health benefits for participants. Experts also recommended the production of a digital life story book as part of reminiscence. Reminiscence is typically implemented by trained professionals (eg, social workers and nurses); however, there has been growing interest in using trained volunteers owing to staffing shortages and the costs associated with reminiscence programs. OBJECTIVE The proposed study will develop and test how reminiscence offered by trained young adult volunteers using a digital storytelling platform may help older adults with ADRD to improve their social and emotional well-being. METHODS The proposed project will conduct a randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of the intervention. The older and young adult participants will be randomly assigned to the intervention (reminiscence based) or control groups and then be randomly matched within each group. Data will be collected at baseline before the intervention, in the middle of the intervention, at end of the intervention, and at 3 months after the intervention. An explanatory sequential mixed methods design will be used to take advantage of the strengths of both quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative data from surveys will be entered into SPSS and analyzed using covariate-adjusted linear mixed models for repeated measures to compare the intervention and control groups over time on the major outcomes of participants. Conventional content analysis of qualitative interviews will be conducted using data analysis software. RESULTS The project was modified to a telephone-based intervention owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection started in 2020 and ended in 2022. In total, 103 dyads were matched at the beginning of the intervention. Of the 103 dyads, 90 (87.4%) dyads completed the midtest survey and 64 (62.1%) dyads completed the whole intervention and the posttest survey. Although we are still cleaning and finalizing data analyses, the preliminary results from both quantitative and qualitative data showed promising results of this intergenerational reminiscence approach that benefits both the older adults who have cognitive impairments and the young adult participants. CONCLUSIONS Intergenerational reminiscence provided by young adult college student offers promising benefits for both the younger and older generations. Future studies may consider scaling up this pilot into a trackable, replicable model that includes more participants with diverse background (eg, public vs private college students and older adults from other agencies) to test the effectiveness of this intervention for older adults with ADRD. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05984732; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05984732. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/49752.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- School of Social Work, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Noelle L Fields
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | | | - Daisha J Cipher
- University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Brooke A Troutman
- United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, CO, United States
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5
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Pless A, Ware D, Saggu S, Rehman H, Morgan J, Wang Q. Understanding neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: challenges and advances in diagnosis and treatment. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1263771. [PMID: 37732300 PMCID: PMC10508352 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1263771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) affect up to 97% of AD patients, with an estimated 80% of current AD patients experiencing these symptoms. Common AD-associated NPS include depression, anxiety, agitation, aggression, and apathy. The severity of NPS in AD is typically linked to the disease's progression and the extent of cognitive decline. Additionally, these symptoms are responsible for a significant increase in morbidity, mortality, caregiver burden, earlier nursing home placement, and greater healthcare expenditure. Despite their high prevalence and significant impact, there is a notable lack of clinical research on NPS in AD. In this article, we explore and analyze the prevalence, symptom manifestations, challenges in diagnosis, and treatment options of NPS associated with AD. Our literature review reveals that distinguishing and accurately diagnosing the NPS associated with AD remains a challenging task in clinical settings. It is often difficult to discern whether NPS are secondary to pathophysiological changes from AD or are comorbid psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, the availability of effective pharmaceutical interventions, as well as non-pharmacotherapies for NPS in AD, remains limited. By highlighting the advance and challenges in diagnosis and treatment of AD-associated NPS, we aspire to offer new insights into the complexity of identifying and treating these symptoms within the context of AD, and contribute to a deeper understanding of the multifaceted nature of NPS in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Pless
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Destany Ware
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Shalini Saggu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Hasibur Rehman
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - John Morgan
- Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States
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Scher CJ, Somerville C, Greenfield EA, Coyle C. Organizational Characteristics of Senior Centers and Engagement in Dementia-Friendly Communities. Innov Aging 2023; 7:igad050. [PMID: 37520857 PMCID: PMC10374275 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igad050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Dementia-friendly communities (DFCs) are systematic and collaborative efforts to make local communities more supportive and inclusive of persons living with dementia and their care partners. This study explores how the organizational characteristics of senior centers influence their engagement in DFCs. Research Design and Methods We used a partially mixed, concurrent, equal status design, drawing on qualitative interviews with staff from 13 senior centers leading DFC initiatives as part of a statewide dementia-friendly network in Massachusetts, as well as quantitative data from 342 senior centers collected as part of a statewide survey. Results The qualitative results demonstrated ways in which human, social, tangible, and programmatic capital facilitate senior centers' DFC engagement. In particular, the results illuminated the importance of social capital with organizations and groups outside of the senior center, spanning the municipal, regional, and state levels. Findings from multivariate analyses further indicated robust and strong associations between higher levels of social capital, as well as more dementia-focused programming and greater variety of funding sources, with greater likelihood of engagement in DFC work. Discussion and Implications Results indicate the importance of policy and practice to foster both organizational capacity and multilevel systems conditions to enable and motivate senior centers' involvement in DFC initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara J Scher
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ceara Somerville
- Center for Social & Demographic Research on Aging, Gerontology Institute, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily A Greenfield
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
| | - Caitlin Coyle
- Center for Social & Demographic Research on Aging, Gerontology Institute, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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7
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Fardeau E, Senghor AS, Racine E. The Impact of Socially Assistive Robots on Human Flourishing in the Context of Dementia: A Scoping Review. Int J Soc Robot 2023; 15:1-51. [PMID: 37359430 PMCID: PMC10115607 DOI: 10.1007/s12369-023-00980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Socially assistive robots are being developed and tested to support social interactions and assist with healthcare needs, including in the context of dementia. These technologies bring their share of situations where moral values and principles can be profoundly questioned. Several aspects of these robots affect human relationships and social behavior, i.e., fundamental aspects of human existence and human flourishing. However, the impact of socially assistive robots on human flourishing is not yet well understood in the current state of the literature. We undertook a scoping review to study the literature on human flourishing as it relates to health uses of socially assistive robots. Searches were conducted between March and July 2021 on the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed and PsycINFO. Twenty-eight articles were found and analyzed. Results show that no formal evaluation of the impact of socially assistive robots on human flourishing in the context of dementia in any of the articles retained for the literature review although several articles touched on at least one dimension of human flourishing and other related concepts. We submit that participatory methods to evaluate the impact of socially assistive robots on human flourishing could open research to other values at stake, particularly those prioritized by people with dementia which we have less evidence about. Such participatory approaches to human flourishing are congruent with empowerment theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Fardeau
- Pragmatic Health Ethics Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7 Canada
| | - Abdou Simon Senghor
- Pragmatic Health Ethics Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7 Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Eric Racine
- Pragmatic Health Ethics Research Unit, Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal, 110 Avenue Des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7 Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, QC Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC Canada
- Department of Medicine and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC Canada
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8
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Power MC, Willens V, Prather C, Moghtaderi A, Chen Y, Gianattasio KZ, Grodstein F, Shah RC, James BD. Risks and Benefits of Clinical Diagnosis Around the Time of Dementia Onset. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2023; 9:23337214231213185. [PMID: 38026091 PMCID: PMC10666707 DOI: 10.1177/23337214231213185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnostic delay in dementia is common in the U.S. Drivers of diagnostic delay are poorly understood, but appear related to misconceptions about dementia, stigma, concerns about autonomy, the nature of the diagnostic process, and provider-related factors. There is little quantitative evidence underlying cited risks and benefits of receiving a diagnosis around the time of dementia onset, including impacts on physical health, impacts on mental health, care partner interactions, costs of care, increased time for care planning, or earlier access to treatment. While various groups continue to push for reductions in diagnostic delay, realization of benefits and mitigation of harms will require new research on potential benefits and harms. Workforce and resource constraints, coupled with the expected growth in the number of persons living with dementia, may be a barrier to realization of potential benefits and mitigation of identified harms, which will require adequate access to providers, services, and supports.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yi Chen
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Raj C. Shah
- Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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9
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Perry J. Challenges of anticipation of future decisions in dementia and dementia research. HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF THE LIFE SCIENCES 2022; 44:62. [PMID: 36376514 PMCID: PMC9663374 DOI: 10.1007/s40656-022-00541-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anticipation of future decisions can be important for individuals at risk for diseases to maintain autonomy over time. For future treatment and care decisions, advance care planning is accepted as a useful anticipation tool. As research with persons with dementia seems imperative to develop disease-modifying interventions, and with changing regulations regarding research participation in Germany, advance research directives (ARDs) are considered a solution to include persons with dementia in research in an ethically sound manner. However, little is known about what affected people deem anticipatable.This contribution provides a critical reflection of the literature on anticipation and of a qualitative study on the assessment of ARDs with persons with cognitive impairment in Germany. It combines theoretical and empirical reflections to inform the ethical-legal discourse.Anticipation involves the conceptual separation of the past, the present, and the future. Including dimensions such as preparedness, injunction, and optimization helps in establishing a framework for anticipatory decision-making. While dementia may offer a window of time to consider future decisions, individual beliefs about dementia including fears about stigma, loss of personhood, and solitude strongly impact anticipating sentiments. Concepts of anticipation can be useful for the examination of uncertainty, changing values, needs, and preferences interconnected with the dementia trajectory and can serve as a means to make an uncertain future more concrete. However, fears of losing one's autonomy in the process of dementia also apply to possibilities of anticipation as these require cognitive assessment and reassessment of an imagined future with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Perry
- Department of Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Humboldtallee 36, 37073, Göttingen, Germany.
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10
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Stigma and its implications for dementia in South Africa: a multi-stakeholder exploratory study. AGEING & SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x2200040x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Stigma and discrimination in relation to dementia has a range of implications for people living with dementia and their families worldwide, including help-seeking, quality of life, social rejection and isolation. Few studies consider the perceptions and stigma towards dementia from multiple perspectives, such as people living with dementia, carers, general public and health-care workers. South Africa has limited evidence on the stigmatisation of people living with dementia, with responses to people living with dementia being driven by poor understanding of the condition, cultural beliefs about causes and social interaction problems associated with memory and cognitive impairment. This study explored the experiences of stigma among people living with dementia and their carers through understanding their own knowledge, attitudes and beliefs as well as those of the public and health-care workers. Qualitative data (N = 52) were collected across two provinces and in four languages (English, Afrikaans, Sesotho and isiZulu), with semi-structured interviews and focus groups with the following stakeholder groups: people living with dementia and their carers, the general public and health-care workers. Inductive thematic analysis generated themes across stakeholder groups. The study shows that people living with dementia and carers experienced high levels of internalised stigma, related to negative public attitudes, which were associated with high levels of isolation, health system unpreparedness and limited access to support. The study contributes to the evidence base needed in South Africa but also extends its relevance by contributing to a growing global evidence base on stigma and dementia in low- and middle-income contexts.
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11
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Investigating the lived experience of LGBT+ people with dementia and their care partners: a scoping review. AGEING & SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1017/s0144686x22000538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Dementia, a global health priority, poses a disproportionately high risk to lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans plus (LGBT+)/gender and sexuality diverse people. Despite this, little research has explored the lived experience of LGBT+ people with dementia or their care partners. This scoping review aims to understand what the literature reveals about their experiences, the ways in which their lives have been investigated, to inform future research, policy and practice. Using an established scoping review methodology, we identified seven papers that reported empirical research on the lived experience of LGBT+ people with dementia and their care partners. Only a single study reported on in two of the papers included people who were trans. This in itself reveals how rarely LGBT+ people are asked to speak about how dementia has shaped their lives in academic research. Our reflexive thematic analysis indicates that LGBT+ people with dementia and their care partners endure overlapping forms of disadvantage. This results in heightened experiences of fear and discrimination, lack of services and compounded social isolation. Importantly, while dementia was embodied as interference and loss by LGBT+ people, it was their gender and sexuality differences that provided solace, even in the face of disadvantage. Importantly, people's relationships with LGBT+ identities were framed as fundamental for safety, resilience and wellbeing, rather than a complicating or confounding factor in living with dementia.
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12
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Brai E, Tonacci A, Brugada-Ramentol V, D'Andrea F, Alberi L. Intercepting Dementia: Awareness and Innovation as Key Tools. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:730727. [PMID: 34720991 PMCID: PMC8548759 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.730727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a common feature of several age-related brain diseases, leading to a progressive cognitive decline. Due to a growing aging rate, dementia-related disorders currently affect around 50 million people worldwide and by 2050 this number is expected to reach 150 million. Additionally to patients, these neurodegenerative pathologies have a strong impact on family members, caretakers, and other health professionals, therefore representing a public health burden that in 2020 accounted for over 1 trillion USD and is projected to nearly double in the next decade. To overcome this devastating condition, many organizations and collaborative networks sustain that only a complete understanding of dementia in its different characteristics can drive the scientific community towards the development of effective therapeutic approaches aiming at preventing its onset and halting its progression.In this work, we discuss two topics that represent fundamental resources in fighting dementia: (i) the importance of raising awareness about this condition to avoid stigma and gauging investment; and (ii) the introduction of novel screening measures to prevent and potentially revert cognitive decline. Finally, we discern how knowledge-based advocacy will help the rollout of clinical trials and the development of novel and timely pharmacological interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Brai
- Brain Fit4Life, Fribourg, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Neuroplasticity, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy (IFC-CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Federica D'Andrea
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of West London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lavinia Alberi
- Swiss Integrative Centre for Human Health (SICHH), Fribourg, Switzerland.,Department of Oncology, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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13
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Perales-Puchalt J, Barton K, Ptomey L, Niedens M, Yeager A, Gilman L, Seymour P, George A, Sprague S, Mirás Neira A, Van Dyke R, Teri L, Vidoni ED. Effectiveness of "Reducing Disability in Alzheimer's Disease" Among Dyads With Moderate Dementia. J Appl Gerontol 2021; 40:1163-1171. [PMID: 32608300 PMCID: PMC7775330 DOI: 10.1177/0733464820934683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Replications of evidence-based dementia care receiver-caregiver dyad interventions in the community are scarce. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of the Kansas City implementation of Reducing Disability in Alzheimer's Disease (RDAD) among a convenience sample of dyads with moderate dementia, which addressed needs identified by nine participating community agencies. We hypothesized that dyads' mental health and physical activity outcomes would improve from baseline to end-of-treatment. The final analytic sample included 66 dyads. Outcomes improved (p < .01) from pre- to post-intervention: behavioral symptom severity (range 0-36) decreased from 11.3 to 8.6, physical activity increased from 125.0 to 190.0 min/week, caregiver unmet needs (range 0-34) decreased from 10.6 to 5.6, caregiver behavioral symptom distress (0-60) decreased from 15.5 to 10.4, and caregiver strain (0-26) decreased from 11.1 to 9.7. This adapted implementation of RDAD leads to clinically meaningful improvements and might inform scaling-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lauren Ptomey
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
| | | | - Amy Yeager
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Fairway, USA
| | | | - Pam Seymour
- Shepherd's Center of Kansas City Central, Kansas City, USA
| | - Amanda George
- Empowering Individuals Through Advocacy and Support, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | | | | | - Rik Van Dyke
- Wyandotte/Leavenworth Area Agency on Aging, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Eric D Vidoni
- University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center, Fairway, USA
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14
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Dupuis S, McAiney C, Loiselle L, Hounam B, Mann J, Wiersma EC. Use of participatory action research approach to develop a self-management resource for persons living with dementia. DEMENTIA 2021; 20:2393-2411. [PMID: 33631971 PMCID: PMC8564262 DOI: 10.1177/1471301221997281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This article describes the use of a participatory action research (PAR) approach to developing a self-management resource for persons living with dementia and care partners. Despite growing evidence that persons with dementia are able to contribute in meaningful ways to decision-making about their care and life preferences, few opportunities exist for them to participate in the design of resources and services meant for them. There is also a need to support the self-management of persons living with dementia with the provision of accurate, high quality, user-friendly information. The Living Well with Dementia resource was developed through a partnership with persons with dementia, family members, Alzheimer Society representatives, primary care providers, and researchers. The methods used in the development of this resource are outlined in six steps employed in this process, from establishment of a PAR team to final resource creation. Informed by a whole systems approach, the resource brings together essential components of self-management into a comprehensive system of care and support for living. It empowers users to be active participants in the application of new knowledge to their lives. Better self-management has important implications for access to health care and quality of life for persons with dementia and care partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherry Dupuis
- Department of Recreation and Leisure Studies and Partnerships in Dementia Care Alliance, 8430University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carrie McAiney
- School of Public Health and Health Systems and Partnerships in Dementia Care Alliance, 8430University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lisa Loiselle
- Murray Alzheimer Research and Education Program, 8430University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brenda Hounam
- Partner living with dementia of the Murray Alzheimer Research and Education Program, 8430University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jim Mann
- Partner living with dementia of the Murray Alzheimer Research and Education Program, 8430University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elaine C Wiersma
- Department of Health Sciences and the Centre for Education and Research on Aging & Health, Lakehead University, Ontario, Canada
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15
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Leung DKY, Chan WC, Spector A, Wong GHY. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and apathy symptoms across dementia stages: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2021; 36:1330-1344. [PMID: 33905138 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to resolve inconsistency in reported prevalence of affective symptoms by dementia stage. METHODS/DESIGN We conducted a meta-analysis of studies with data on dementia stage and prevalence of depression, anxiety, or apathy assessed using validated tools. We performed random-effects meta-analysis and subgroup analysis on symptom prevalence by dementia stage, according to CDR. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 5897 people with dementia from 20 studies. Prevalence rates of depression in mild, moderate, and severe dementia were 38% (95% CI 32%-45%), 41% (95% CI 33%-49%), and 37% (95% CI 17%-56%) respectively. The corresponding prevalence for anxiety was 38% (95% CI 31%-45%), 41% (95% CI 31%-52%), and 37% (95% CI -8%-82%); and 54% (95% CI 45%-62%), 59% (95% CI 44%-73%), and 43% (95% CI 10%-75%) for apathy. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and apathy did not differ with regard to dementia stage and type. The prevalence of depression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) was significantly lower when it was assessed using diagnostic criteria compared to screening tools. The prevalence of depression in AD was lowest in America, while anxiety in vascular dementia was higher in Europe than Asia. CONCLUSIONS Depression, anxiety, and apathy symptoms are highly prevalent across dementia stages. There is no evidence of any changes in prevalence of affective symptom as the illness progresses. Evaluation methods and cultural difference may explain some of the variance, suggesting further investigation of factors that may influence the report of symptoms, such as carer psychosocial characteristics, and more cross-cultural studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dara K Y Leung
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Aimee Spector
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Gloria H Y Wong
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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16
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Mayo CD, Kenny R, Scarapicchia V, Ohlhauser L, Syme R, Gawryluk JR. Aging in Place: Challenges of Older Adults with Self-Reported Cognitive Decline. Can Geriatr J 2021; 24:138-143. [PMID: 34079607 PMCID: PMC8137463 DOI: 10.5770/cgj.24.456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An emergent concern related to the aging and the increased risk of cognitive decline is the institutionalization of older adults. Evidence has shown that aging in place leads to many benefits, including higher quality of life. In order to support older adults, it is imperative that we understand the challenges people with changes in cognition face while aging in place. Methods A total of sixteen older adults with self-reported cognitive decline and six informal caregivers of individuals reporting cognitive decline, all of whom are living in independent residences, participated. Focus group sessions with semi-structured interviews were conducted, followed by thematic qualitative data analyses. Results Thematic analyses led to the identification of six challenges to aging in place, including: 1) memory decline, 2) emotional challenges/low mood, 3) social isolation/loneliness, 4) difficulty with mobility and physical tasks, 5) difficulties with activities of daily living/instrumental activities of daily living, and 6) lack of educational resources on cognitive change. Conclusion The themes identified in the current study represent common challenges in aging in place for older adults with self-reported cognitive decline. Identification of these themes allows for important next steps, which can focus on supports through targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantel D Mayo
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.,Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Kenny
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Scarapicchia
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.,Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Lisa Ohlhauser
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.,Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Robin Syme
- CanAssist, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
| | - Jodie R Gawryluk
- Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.,Institute on Aging and Lifelong Health, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.,CanAssist, University of Victoria, BC, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, University of Victoria, BC, Canada
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17
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Lindquist LA, Muhammad R, Miller-Winder AP, Opsasnick L, Kim KY, Benavente JY, Wolf M, Ramirez-Zohfeld V. Rationale and study design for decision making & implementation of aging-in-place/long term care plans among older adults. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 22:100756. [PMID: 33869887 PMCID: PMC8040099 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Remaining in one's own home and community is a priority for many older adults as they age. Decision-making and planning is critical to ensure successful aging-in-place (AIP), especially when individuals experience age-related changes such as cognitive decline. Objectives: We are testing how decision-making and planning for AIP is impacted by changes in older adults' cognition and function, chronic conditions, social influences, environmental factors and identifying the mediating/moderating interactions between factors. We will also assess whether decision-making and planning for AIP translates into timely adoption of plans and goal concordance between older adults and their surrogate/caregiver decision makers. Methods We will conduct a longitudinal single-group interventional clinical trial of community-dwelling older adults who are enrolled in LitCog, (R01AG03611) and expose them to an online intervention, PlanYourLifespan.org, which facilitates decision-making and planning for AIP. Enrolled participants (n = 398) will complete interviews at baseline, one month, and every six months up to 42 months in conjunction with the LitCog study, where cognitive, social, functional, and health literacy data is collected. Additionally, we will collect data on decision-making, resource use, communication of plans, timing of plan implementation, and goal concordance. Projected outcomes Findings from this study may generate evidence on how age-related changes in older adults may affect decision-making and implementation in relation to AIP as well as the impact of social relationships and support. Ultimately these findings may help shape the design of programs and practices that may improve the lives of older adults and the capacity of institutions to adapt to societal aging and AIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee A Lindquist
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ruqayyah Muhammad
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amber P Miller-Winder
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Opsasnick
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julia Yoshino Benavente
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Wolf
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vanessa Ramirez-Zohfeld
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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18
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Banko SJ, Harrison C, Rittereiser J, Jurkovitz C, Ellison JM. Cause for Concern: Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia in Delaware's Long-Term Care Facilities. DELAWARE MEDICAL JOURNAL 2021; 93:82-87. [PMID: 36035807 PMCID: PMC9410563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Much of the suffering and expense associated with treatment of persons with dementia (Major Neurocognitive Disorder) arises from associated noncognitive behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). Although a consensus on the prevalence of BPSD is lacking, evidence suggests that most people with dementia will manifest one or more of these symptoms during the disorder's progression. BPSD raise the cost of care by leading to more frequent emergency room visits, more and longer hospitalizations, and earlier admission to long-term care facilities (LTCF). Treatment of BPSD presents a stressful challenge in LTCFs. We sought to investigate the care burden of BPSD in Delaware's LTCFs and to gather data that can inform management approaches. METHODS Using REDCap, we created an anonymous cross-sectional survey designed for completion by LTCF administrators. The Delaware Health Care Facilities Association (DHCFA) and Delaware's Division of Services for Aging and Adults with Physical Disabilities (DSAAPD) encouraged participation. A link to the survey was emailed to the administrators of 81 facilities in Delaware. The resulting data were evaluated using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Forty-four of the 81 facilities surveyed opened the survey link. Thirty-eight facilities answered at least some of the questions, and 19 surveys were fully completed. The reported average prevalence of BPSD among Delaware LTCF residents with dementia was 49.3% (SD 28.9). The five most frequently reported BPSD symptoms were anxiety, agitation, wandering, dysphoria/depression, and appetite/eating abnormalities. All facilities reported employing a spectrum of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management strategies. Twenty-two of 24 respondents (91.7%) reported that behavioral health consultation was available at their facilities and 18 of 20 respondents (90.0%) indicated that they provided training on how to manage residents with BPSD. CONCLUSION BPSD are a pervasive concern among Delaware's LTCFs. LTCFs may benefit from the development of training programs and dissemination of treatment guidelines incorporating evidence-based interventions and their implementation in managing BPSD to improve care, decrease stress on residents and caregivers, and reduce some avoidable health care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Claudine Jurkovitz
- Value Institute at ChristianaCare; Delaware ACCEL-Center for Translational Research (CTR)
| | - James M Ellison
- ChristianaCare Swank Center for Memory Care and Geriatric Consultation
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19
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are a number of conceptual models of dementia, capturing a range of biopsychosocial factors. Few integrate the lived experience of dementia. The aim of this study was to develop a conceptualisation grounded in the first-hand accounts of living with the condition and reflecting its complexity. METHOD The study was conducted within an explanatory, critical realist paradigm. An overarching narrative approach, informed by a previously completed systematic review and metasynthesis of research on the lived experience of dementia and the assumptions of complexity theory, was used to guide data collection and analysis. Data were contributed by 31 adults, including 12 people living with dementia and 19 family caregivers. RESULTS The experience of living with dementia was conceptualised as a process of adaptation through participation, emerging from ongoing, dynamic and nonlinear interactions between the adaptive capacity of a person with dementia and the adaptive capacity within the environment. The proposed conceptual model describes contexts and mechanisms which shape this capacity. It identifies a range of potential outcomes in dementia. These outcomes reflect interactions and the degree of match between the adaptive capacity of a person and the adaptive capacity within the environment. CONCLUSION By recognising and exploring the potential for adaptation and enduring participation in dementia, findings of this research can support practitioners in facilitating positive outcomes for people affected by the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia M Górska
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Donald Maciver
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Kirsty Forsyth
- School of Health Sciences, Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, UK
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20
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Epps F, Heidbreder V, Alexander K, Tomlinson A, Freeman V, Williams N. A dementia-friendly church: How can the African American church support families affected by dementia? DEMENTIA 2021; 20:556-569. [PMID: 31958978 PMCID: PMC11203389 DOI: 10.1177/1471301219900416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, is affecting the African American community at alarming rates, as African Americans have a greater risk of dementia than other races. The African American church has traditionally been a safe haven where families go for support and healing. However, many churches are not equipped to support families living with dementia. The purpose of this study was to explore ways African American churches can be dementia-friendly to support families affected by dementia. A qualitative descriptive design was used to collect data from 12 African American community stakeholders. Participants were inclusive of caregivers, church leaders, community members, and service providers. During the semi-structured interviews, participants were asked to share characteristics of a dementia-friendly church. Thematic analysis was performed using data from interviews, researcher's journal, and field notes. Responses described a dementia-friendly church as (a) resourceful; (b) welcoming and friendly; (c) inclusive and comfortable; (d) understanding and accepting; and (e) concerned about personal well-being. This study has wide implications not only for African American churches and families, but also for families living with dementia outside of African American faith communities. These findings allow for faith leaders and churches to begin the process of becoming dementia-friendly, thus enabling congregations, communities, and persons with dementia to continue living in meaningful ways. In conclusion, churches are a source of religious support and provide access to resources for families in difficult times. Thus, it is imperative for African American churches to explore ways to best support and meet the needs of families living with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Nancy Williams
- Georgia State University Perimeter College, Clarkston, USA
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21
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Lion KM, Szcześniak D, Bulińska K, Mazurek J, Evans SB, Evans SC, Saibene FL, d'Arma A, Scorolli C, Farina E, Brooker D, Chattat R, Meiland FJM, Dröes RM, Rymaszewska J. Does the Meeting Centre Support Programme decrease the experience of stigmatisation among people with cognitive deficits? Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:160-169. [PMID: 31694389 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1683815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This is the first study to focus on the role and impact of a psychosocial intervention, the Meeting Centre Support Programme (MCSP), for people living with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) on the experience of stigmatisation across three different European countries. METHOD A pre/post-test control group study design compared outcomes for 114 people with dementia (n=74) and MCI (n=40) in Italy, Poland and the UK who received either the MCSP or usual care (UC). The 'Stigma Impact Scale, neurological disease' (SIS) was administered at two points in time, 6 months apart. The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) was used to assess the level of cognitive impairment. RESULTS Although statistical analysis did not show any significant differences between MCSP and UC at pre/post-test for the 3 countries combined, there were significant results for individual countries. In Italy, the level of SIS was significantly lower (p=0.02) in the MCSP group following the intervention. The level of Social Isolation increased significantly (p=0.05) in the UC group at follow-up in Poland. The level of Social Rejection was significantly higher (p=0.03) over time for UK participants receiving MCSP compared to UC. CONCLUSION The experience of stigma by people living with dementia and MCI is complex and there may be different country specific contexts and mechanisms. The results do not enable us to confirm or disconfirm the impact of a social support programme, such as MCSP, on this experience. Difficulties in directly measuring the level of stigma in this group also requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Szcześniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bulińska
- Department of Rehabilitation in Internal Diseases, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Justyna Mazurek
- Department and Division of Medical Rehabilitation, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Shirley B Evans
- Association for Dementia Studies, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester, UK
| | - Simon C Evans
- Association for Dementia Studies, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester, UK
| | | | | | - Claudia Scorolli
- Department of Philosophy and Communication Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Dawn Brooker
- Association for Dementia Studies, University of Worcester, Henwick Grove, Worcester, UK
| | - Rabih Chattat
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Franka J M Meiland
- Deptartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VU University medical center, GGZ inGeest, Department of Research and Innovation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rose-Marie Dröes
- Deptartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VU University medical center, GGZ inGeest, Department of Research and Innovation, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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22
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Abstract
Objectives: Educational programs on dementia may backfire, as recipients could feel more negatively about people with dementia after exposure to the alarming symptoms (e.g., behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia, or BPSD). This study aimed to investigate whether such exposures had any effect on stigma.Methods: 200 adults aged 18-83 years were randomly assigned to three groups. The first group read vignettes describing fictitious older adults with memory impairment. The second group read the same vignettes that were expanded to include descriptions of BPSD (i.e., memory impairment cum BPSD). After reading the vignettes, both groups answered questions about stigma, while the third group directly responded to this questionnaire without reading any vignette (i.e., not exposed to experimental manipulation). ANOVA was performed to analyze the effect of experimental manipulation, as well as that of age, education, whether having relatives with dementia, and belief about treatability of dementia.Results: At posttest, the level of stigma was moderate and was comparable across the three groups, suggesting that exposures to information about cognitive and behavioral symptoms did not change people's stigmatizing attitude. The absence of group effect in stigma did not vary by age, education, whether having a relative with dementia, or belief about prognosis. Only the main effects of age and education were significant, where younger and least educated participants reported higher stigma.Conclusion: There was no evidence that stigma would be affected by exposure to information about symptoms of dementia, including the more disturbed ones (i.e., BPSD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong
| | - Sheung-Tak Cheng
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong.,Department of Clinical Psychology, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
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23
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Hwang Y, Massimo L, Hodgson N. Modifiable factors associated with anxiety in persons with dementia: An integrative review. Geriatr Nurs 2020; 41:852-862. [PMID: 32571585 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2020.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this integrative review was to examine factors related to the presence of anxiety in person with dementia (PWD) and to identify potentially modifiable factors among them. METHODS An integrative review was conducted using PsycINFO, CINAHL, AgeLine, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus. Among 1856 studies identified, 27 studies were included. RESULTS A number of modifiable factors associated with anxiety were identified. Individual level factors included pain, physical health, physical functioning, fatigue, sleep disturbance, disclosure of diagnosis, embarrassment about memory problems, separation from caregivers, views about oneself and others, social rejection, social isolation, and interactions with others. Caregiver factors associated with anxiety in PWD included caregiver stress, caregiver's negative reactions towards the behavioral problems of PWD, and competence about caregiving. CONCLUSION The results of this review can be used to identify potential targets for interventions to reduce for anxiety in persons with dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeji Hwang
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States.
| | - Lauren Massimo
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Nancy Hodgson
- University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing, 418 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
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24
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Lion KM, Szcześniak D, Bulińska K, Evans SB, Evans SC, Saibene FL, d'Arma A, Farina E, Brooker DJ, Chattat R, Meiland FJM, Dröes RM, Rymaszewska J. Do people with dementia and mild cognitive impairments experience stigma? A cross-cultural investigation between Italy, Poland and the UK. Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:947-955. [PMID: 30789028 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2019.1577799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Until now little research has been done to answer the question of whether people with dementia experience stigma. No previous studies investigated possible differences between countries and cultures. Therefore, the aims of this study were to compare the experience of stigma (with social isolation, social rejection and internalised shame as components) among people with dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (n = 180) in Italy (n = 79), Poland (n = 47) and the United Kingdom (UK) (n = 54); and to investigate possible relationships with demographical and clinical outcomes.Methods: A one group multinational cross-sectional design was used. Stigma was measured with the Stigma Impact Scale (SIS), quality of life aspects with Dementia Quality of Life scale (DQOL) and Quality of Life Alzheimer's Disease scale (QOL-AD), social support with Duke Social Support Index (DSSI), cognitive functioning with Global Deterioration Scale (GDS).Results: The level of stigmatisation (SIS) among study participants varied from 2 to 65 (median = 33.5; Q1 = 27; Q3 = 41). People with dementia in the UK experienced a higher level of stigmatisation than people in Italy and Poland. The experienced stigmatisation negatively correlated with social support (DSSI; rho = -0.42, p = 0.000) and quality of life (QOL-AD; rho = -0.39, p = 0.000). People who experienced a higher level of stigmatisation scored higher in negative mood DQOL subscale (rho = 0.28, p = 0.0002).Conclusion: There is a strong need for research into the individual experience of people with dementia across the world. This could help in providing support and care services that match their experience, needs, preferences; and in designing well informed awareness campaigns based on their voice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dorota Szcześniak
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Bulińska
- Department of Rehabilitation in Internal Diseases, Wroclaw University School of Physical Education, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Simon C Evans
- Association for Dementia Studies, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | | | | | | | - Dawn June Brooker
- Association for Dementia Studies, University of Worcester, Worcester, UK
| | - Rabih Chattat
- Department of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Franka J M Meiland
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center & Department of Research and Innovation, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rose-Marie Dröes
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center & Department of Research and Innovation, GGZ inGeest, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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25
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Lee SE, Hong M, Casado BL. Examining public stigma of Alzheimer's disease and its correlates among Korean Americans. DEMENTIA 2020; 20:952-966. [PMID: 32295415 DOI: 10.1177/1471301220918328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
This study examined public stigma associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) among Korean Americans and identified factors affecting their public stigma. Data used in the study were collected using a cross-sectional survey with 268 Korean Americans. Guided by attribution theory, different domains of public stigma were assessed: pity, antipathy, and social distance. Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the effects of sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to AD, social networking, and AD knowledge on each stigma domain. The influence of emotional attributions (pity and antipathy) on behavioral attributions (social distance) in the stigma process suggested in attribution theory was also examined. Results show that pity is most prevalent followed by social distance and antipathy. Being more proficient in English, knowing fewer relatives/friends with AD, and knowing less about AD risk factors are associated with having more pity stigma. Being less socially engaged and knowing less about AD risk factors are related to having more antipathy stigma. Being younger and more proficient in English and having stronger antipathy stigma are associated with having more social distance stigma. Findings reveal multifaceted nature of public stigma associated with AD in Korean Americans and suggest that we need to work on both positive and negative sides of public stigma for stigma change. Findings of different factors associated with each public stigma domain can be considered when trying to foster and/or reduce certain stigmatic beliefs and behaviors associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang E Lee
- School of Social Work, San Jose State University, CA, USA
| | - Michin Hong
- School of Social Work, Indiana University, IN, USA
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26
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Young JA, Lind C, Orange J, Savundranayagam MY. Expanding current understandings of epistemic injustice and dementia: Learning from stigma theory. J Aging Stud 2019; 48:76-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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27
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Epps F, Weeks G, Graham E, Luster D. Challenges to aging in place for African American older adults living with dementia and their families. Geriatr Nurs 2018; 39:646-652. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Lindquist LA, Ramirez-Zohfeld V, Forcucci C, Sunkara P, Cameron KA. Overcoming Reluctance to Accept Home-Based Support from an Older Adult Perspective. J Am Geriatr Soc 2018; 66:1796-1799. [DOI: 10.1111/jgs.15526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee A. Lindquist
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago Illinois
| | - Vanessa Ramirez-Zohfeld
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago Illinois
| | - Chris Forcucci
- Aging and In-Home Services of Northeast Indiana; Fort Wayne Indiana
| | - Priya Sunkara
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago Illinois
| | - Kenzie A. Cameron
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine; Northwestern University; Chicago Illinois
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Mohabbat Bahar S, Bigdeli I. Stigma phenomenon to dementia in Iranian population: A phenomenological study. DEMENTIA 2018; 19:319-329. [DOI: 10.1177/1471301218774081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Dementia is considered as a serious threat for over 65years old population, because of its high prevalence rates. Dementia with a complex and multifaceted nature has negative effects on patients, family members, and their caregivers’ psychological health and socioeconomic status. The current qualitative study is designed to investigate the stigma phenomenon to dementia in Iranian population. Methods This qualitative research was conducted by the descriptive phenomenological method. In order to analyze the data, the Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method was used. The target population consisted of all patients with dementia and their family members in neurological clinics of Tehran. We interviewed with patients and one of the main family members until data saturation. Participants included the main family members (spouse and children) of people with dementia (nine women and six men) who were selected by a nonrandom purposeful sampling method. Results Two main themes emerged from data analysis: dysfunctional beliefs and negative social attitudes. Each main theme integrates the classes and clusters which are constituted by formulated meanings. Conclusion Dimensions of stigma, such as dysfunctional beliefs and negative social attitudes, in addition to undesirable effects on patients and caregivers lives, is considered as a serious obstacle to effective caring and providing a good quality of life. It can be concluded that, higher levels of awareness, management, and coping with this powerful phenomenon are capable of preventing, rehabilitation, and improving the psychosocial health in elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Imanollah Bigdeli
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Khorasan Razzavi, Iran
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Barriers and Facilitators for Guidelines with Depression and Anxiety in Parkinson’s Disease or Dementia. Can J Aging 2018; 37:185-199. [PMID: 29618389 DOI: 10.1017/s0714980818000053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
RÉSUMÉNotre principal objectif était de comprendre les barrières et les facilitateurs associés à l’application de guides de pratique clinique (GPC) de haute qualité pour la dépression et l’anxiété chez les patients atteint de démence ou de la maladie de Parkinson (MP). Des groupes de discussion et des entrevues ont été réalisés avec des participants atteints de démence ou de la MP, leurs soignants et les médecins impliqués dans les soins de ces patients à Calgary (Alberta). Le cadre conceptuel des domaines théoriques et le Behaviour Change Wheel ont été utilisés pour guider la collecte des données et l’analyse du cadre conceptuel. Au total, 33 médecins, 7 patients et leurs aidants ont participé à l’étude. Les barrières et les facilitateurs pour l’application des recommandations des GPC liées au diagnostic, à la gestion et à l’utilisation des lignes directrices ont été rapportés. L’insuffisance des données concernant les troubles anxieux et dépressifs dans la démence et la MP constituaient un thème dominant dans les résultats. Ce constat était particulièrement évident en matière de troubles anxieux. Les patients ont aussi mentionné des difficultés à communiquer leurs symptômes et à accéder aux services. Bien que des guides de pratiques soient disponibles, les médecins éprouvent quelques difficultés dans l’application de certaines recommandations, ces difficultés étant surtout dues au manque de données probantes disponibles.
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Stites SD, Milne R, Karlawish J. Advances in Alzheimer's imaging are changing the experience of Alzheimer's disease. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 10:285-300. [PMID: 29780873 PMCID: PMC5956938 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadm.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neuroimaging is advancing a new definition of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Using imaging biomarkers, clinicians may begin to diagnose the disease by identifying pathology and neurodegeneration in either cognitively impaired or unimpaired adults. This "biomarker-based" diagnosis may allow clinicians novel opportunities to use interventions that either delay the onset or slow the progression of cognitive decline, but it will also bring novel challenges. How will changing the definition of AD from a clinical to a biomarker construct change the experience of living with the disease? Knowledge of AD biomarker status can affect how individuals feel about themselves (internalized stigma) and how others judge them (public stigma). Following a review of AD stigma, we appraise how advances in diagnosis may enable or interrupt its transfer from clinical to preclinical stages and then explore conceptual and pragmatic challenges to addressing stigma in routine care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana D. Stites
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Richard Milne
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jason Karlawish
- Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Oscar N, Fox PA, Croucher R, Wernick R, Keune J, Hooker K. Machine Learning, Sentiment Analysis, and Tweets: An Examination of Alzheimer's Disease Stigma on Twitter. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2017; 72:742-751. [PMID: 28329835 DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbx014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Social scientists need practical methods for harnessing large, publicly available datasets that inform the social context of aging. We describe our development of a semi-automated text coding method and use a content analysis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia portrayal on Twitter to demonstrate its use. The approach improves feasibility of examining large publicly available datasets. Method Machine learning techniques modeled stigmatization expressed in 31,150 AD-related tweets collected via Twitter's search API based on 9 AD-related keywords. Two researchers manually coded 311 random tweets on 6 dimensions. This input from 1% of the dataset was used to train a classifier against the tweet text and code the remaining 99% of the dataset. Results Our automated process identified that 21.13% of the AD-related tweets used AD-related keywords to perpetuate public stigma, which could impact stereotypes and negative expectations for individuals with the disease and increase "excess disability". Discussion This technique could be applied to questions in social gerontology related to how social media outlets reflect and shape attitudes bearing on other developmental outcomes. Recommendations for the collection and analysis of large Twitter datasets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nels Oscar
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis
| | - Pamela A Fox
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis
| | - Racheal Croucher
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis
| | - Riana Wernick
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oregon State University, Corvallis
| | - Jessica Keune
- School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis
| | - Karen Hooker
- School of Social and Behavioral Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis
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Holopainen A, Siltanen H, Pohjanvuori A, Mäkisalo-Ropponen M, Okkonen E. Factors Associated with the Quality of Life of People with Dementia and with Quality of Life-Improving Interventions: Scoping Review. DEMENTIA 2017; 18:1507-1537. [DOI: 10.1177/1471301217716725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objectives To synthesise current research exploring the factors and interventions associated with the quality of life of people with dementia. Background Dementia is a progressive condition affecting an estimated 40 million people worldwide. The illness has a significant impact on the lives of the persons affected and their loved ones, and may thus impair the quality of life of both. As it progresses, dementia weakens the patients’ ability to express their own views about their quality of life and the factors associated with it. Design Scoping review. Data sources Electronic database search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Joanna Briggs Institute Library, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects (DARE), EMBASE, Medic published up to March 2016; and incremental hand search. Review method: Systematic or other kinds of reviews and single studies were included for the review if they met the inclusion criteria. Results: A total of 20 reviews and 7 primary studies were retained for synthesis. Key findings were abstracted and a themes matrix was generated to identify patterns of meaning. The factors associated with the quality of life of people with dementia were sociodemographic factors, factors related to dementia and social and caring environment. Interventions supporting quality of life focused on the activation of people with dementia. Conclusions: This scoping review identified a large body of knowledge exploring the factors and interventions associated with the quality of life of people with dementia. The interventions were heterogeneous and the sample sizes small, which is why more research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arja Holopainen
- Nursing Research Foundation, Helsinki, Finland; The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland; The WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Siltanen
- Nursing Research Foundation, Helsinki, Finland; The Finnish Centre for Evidence-Based Health Care: A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | - Eila Okkonen
- The Alzheimer Society of Finland, Helsinki, Finland
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Honda A, Iwasaki Y, Honda S. The Mediating Role of Sleep Quality on Well-Being Among Japanese Working Family Caregivers. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/1084822317692320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the well-being of caregivers is mediated by the association between behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly relatives and the quality of sleep experienced by caregivers using a mediational model. The participants were 105 working family caregivers in Japan. We assessed well-being based on the Kessler Scale 10, self-rated health, and satisfaction in daily life. Our results showed that the well-being in working family caregivers was impacted by the severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms in elderly relatives. Well-being in working family caregivers was also affected by quality of sleep. Maintaining good quality of sleep in working family caregivers is important for reducing caregiver burden and psychological distress, and for improving the balance between work and family life.
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McGilton KS, Rochon E, Sidani S, Shaw A, Ben-David BM, Saragosa M, Boscart VM, Wilson R, Galimidi-Epstein KK, Pichora-Fuller MK. Can We Help Care Providers Communicate More Effectively With Persons Having Dementia Living in Long-Term Care Homes? Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2016; 32:41-50. [PMID: 27899433 PMCID: PMC5302128 DOI: 10.1177/1533317516680899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: Effective communication between residents with dementia and care providers in long-term care homes (LTCHs) is essential to resident-centered care. Purpose: To determine the effects of a communication intervention on residents’ quality of life (QOL) and care, as well as care providers’ perceived knowledge, mood, and burden. Method: The intervention included (1) individualized communication plans, (2) a dementia care workshop, and (3) a care provider support system. Pre- and postintervention scores were compared to evaluate the effects of the intervention. A total of 12 residents and 20 care providers in an LTCH participated in the feasibility study. Results: The rate of care providers’ adherence to the communication plans was 91%. Postintervention, residents experienced a significant increase in overall QOL. Care providers had significant improvement in mood and perceived reduced burden. Conclusion: The results suggest that the communication intervention demonstrates preliminary evidence of positive effects on residents’ QOL and care providers’ mood and burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S McGilton
- 1 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,2 Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Rochon
- 1 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Souraya Sidani
- 4 School of Nursing, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alexander Shaw
- 1 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,5 School of English and Liberal Studies, Seneca College Newnham Campus, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boaz M Ben-David
- 1 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,3 Faculty of Medicine, Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,6 Communication, Aging and Neuropsychology Lab (CANlab), Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel.,7 Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (RSI), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,8 St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Veronique M Boscart
- 9 School of Health & Life Sciences and Community Services, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rozanne Wilson
- 10 School of Nursing, Trinity Western University, Langley, British Columbia, Canada.,11 Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences (CHÉOS), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,12 Patient-Centred Performance Measurement & Improvement, Providence Health Care, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller
- 1 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute - University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,14 Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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Goodarzi Z, Mele B, Guo S, Hanson H, Jette N, Patten S, Pringsheim T, Holroyd-Leduc J. Guidelines for dementia or Parkinson's disease with depression or anxiety: a systematic review. BMC Neurol 2016; 16:244. [PMID: 27887589 PMCID: PMC5124305 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-016-0754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety remain under-diagnosed and under-treated in those with neurologic diseases such as dementia or Parkinson's Disease (PD). Our objectives were to first, to provide a synthesis of high quality guidelines available for the identification and management of depression or anxiety in those with dementia or PD. Second, to identify areas for improvement for future guidelines. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and EMBASE (2009 to July 24, 2015), grey literature (83 sources; July 24-Sept 6, 2015), and bibliographies of included studies. Included studies were evaluated for quality by four independent reviewers the AGREE II tool. Guideline characteristics, statements and recommendations relevant to depression or anxiety for dementia and PD were then extracted. (PROSPERO CRD: 42016014584) RESULTS: 8121 citations were reviewed with 31 full text articles included for assessment with the AGREE II tool. 17 were of sufficient quality for inclusion. Mean overall quality scores were between 4.25 to 6.5. Domain scores were lowest in the areas of stakeholder involvement, applicability, and editorial independence. Recommendations for the screening and diagnosis of depression were found for PD and dementia. There was little evidence to guide diagnosis or management of anxiety. Non-pharmacologic therapies were recommended for dementia patients. Most advocated pharmacologic treatment for depression, for both PD and dementia, but did not specify an agent due to lack of evidence. CONCLUSIONS The available recent high quality guidelines outline several recommendations for the management of comorbid depression or anxiety in PD or dementia. However there remain significant gaps in the evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Goodarzi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
- #1104-South Tower. Foothills Medical Centre 3301 Hospital Drive, Calgary, NW T2N 2T9 Canada
| | - Bria Mele
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Selynne Guo
- Faculty of Medicine, Undergraduate Medical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Heather Hanson
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Seniors Health Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nathalie Jette
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
| | - Scott Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research and Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Tamara Pringsheim
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and O’Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jayna Holroyd-Leduc
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary and Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Canada
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Lai CKY, Lai DLL, Ho JSC, Wong KKY, Cheung DSK. Interdisciplinary collaboration in the use of a music-with-movement intervention to promote the wellbeing of people with dementia and their families: Development of an evidence-based intervention protocol. Nurs Health Sci 2016; 18:79-84. [DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia K. Y. Lai
- School of Nursing; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Kowloon Hong Kong
| | - Daniel L. L. Lai
- School of Nursing; The Hong Kong Polytechnic University; Kowloon Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Daphne S. K. Cheung
- Department of Child Education and Community Services; Hong Kong Institute of Vocational Education; Sha Tin Hong Kong
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Abstract
Hypertension is a highly prevalent condition with numerous health risks, and the incidence of hypertension is greatest among older adults. Traditional discussions of hypertension have largely focused on the risks for cardiovascular disease and associated events. However, there are a number of collateral effects, including risks for dementia, physical disability, and falls/fractures which are increasingly garnering attention in the hypertension literature. Several key mechanisms--including inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction--are common to biologic aging and hypertension development and appear to have key mechanistic roles in the development of the cardiovascular and collateral risks of late-life hypertension. The objective of the present review is to highlight the multi-dimensional risks of hypertension among older adults and discuss potential strategies for treatment and future areas of research for improving overall care for older adults with hypertension.
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