1
|
Miller-Winder AP, Schierer A, Relerford RR, Murawski A, Opsasnick L, Olvera C, Curtis LM, Kim KY, Ramirez-Zohfeld V, Lindquist LA. Subjective cognitive decline and missed aging-in-place/long-term care planning. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:3314-3316. [PMID: 37235515 PMCID: PMC10592648 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amber P. Miller-Winder
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Allison Schierer
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Raven R. Relerford
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alaine Murawski
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lauren Opsasnick
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Charles Olvera
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Laura M. Curtis
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vanessa Ramirez-Zohfeld
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lee A. Lindquist
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kang YM, Kim KY, Kim TI, Kim YJ, Kim HH, Kim K. Cheong-sang-bang-pung-san alleviated hepatic lipid accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1223534. [PMID: 37745047 PMCID: PMC10511874 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1223534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The occurrence of fatty liver disease, resulting from the accumulation of excessive fat within the liver, has been showing a significant and rapid increase. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of Cheong-sang-bang-pung-san extract (CB) on fatty liver disease, and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Methods: We used a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed fatty liver mice and free fatty acid (FFA) induced HepG2 cell lipid accumulation model. The levels of serum, hepatic, and intracellular lipid content were assessed. Histopathological staining was used to evaluate the extent of hepatic lipid accumulation. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were conducted to examine the expression of factors associated with lipid metabolism. Results: We demonstrated that treatment with CB dramatically reduced body weight, liver weight, and fat mass, and improved the serum and hepatic lipid profiles in HFD-induced fatty liver mice. Additionally, CB alleviated lipid accumulation in HFD-fed mice by controlling lipid metabolism, including fatty acid uptake, triglyceride and cholesterol synthesis, and fatty acid oxidation, at the mRNA as well as protein levels. In free fatty acid-treated HepG2 cells, CB significantly reduced intracellular lipid accumulation by regulating lipid metabolism via the activation of AMP-activated protein kinase. Conclusion: These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying CB's effects on liver steatosis and position of CB as a potential therapeutic candidate for managing lipid metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Mi Kang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae In Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Hae Kim
- Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee A, Chung YC, Kim KY, Jang CH, Song KH, Hwang YH. Hydroethanolic Extract of Fritillariae thunbergii Bulbus Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Enhancing Intestinal Barrier Integrity. Nutrients 2023; 15:2810. [PMID: 37375714 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC), an inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, has rapidly increased in Asian countries over several decades. To overcome the limitations of conventional drug therapies, including biologics for UC management, the development of herbal medicine-derived products has received continuous attention. In this study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of a hydroethanolic extract of Fritillariae thunbergii Bulbus (FTB) in a mouse model of DSS-induced UC. The DSS treatment successfully induced severe colonic inflammation and ulceration. However, the severity of colitis was reduced by the oral administration of FTB. Histopathological examination showed that FTB alleviated the infiltration of inflammatory cells (e.g., neutrophils and macrophages), damage to epithelial and goblet cells in the colonic mucosal layer, and fibrotic lesions. Additionally, FTB markedly reduced the gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix remodeling. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that FTB alleviated the decrease in occludin and zonula occludens-1 expression induced by DSS. In a Caco-2 monolayer system, FTB treatment improved intestinal barrier permeability in a dose-dependent manner and increased tight junction expression. Overall, FTB has potential as a therapeutic agent through the improvement of tissue damage and inflammation severity through the modulation of intestinal barrier integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ami Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - You Chul Chung
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Ho Jang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Hoon Song
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Hwan Hwang
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
- Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kim YJ, Kim HH, Shin CS, Yoon JW, Jeon SM, Song YH, Kim KY, Kim K. 2'-Fucosyllactose and 3-Fucosyllactose Alleviates Interleukin-6-Induced Barrier Dysfunction and Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Modulating the Intestinal Microbiome. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081845. [PMID: 37111064 PMCID: PMC10145275 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with relapsing and remitting patterns, and it is caused by varied factors, such as the intestinal inflammation extent and duration. We examined the preventative effects of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) on epithelial barrier integrity and intestinal inflammation in an interleukin (IL)-6-induced cell model and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute mouse colitis model. HMOs including 2'-fucosyllactose (FL) and 3-FL and positive controls including fructooligosaccharide (FOS) and 5-acetylsalicylic acid (5-ASA) were orally administrated once per day to C57BL/6J mice with colitis induced by 5% DSS in the administered drinking water. 2'-FL and 3-FL did not affect the cell viability in Caco-2 cells. Meanwhile, these agents reversed IL-6-reduced intestinal barrier function in Caco-2 cells. Furthermore, 2'-FL and 3-FL reversed the body weight loss and the remarkably short colon lengths in DSS-induced acute colitis mice. Moreover, 2'-FL and 3-FL obviously protected the decreasing expression of zonula occluden-1 and occludin in colon tissue relative to the findings in the DSS-treated control group. 2'-FL and 3-FL significantly reduced IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α levels in serum relative to the control findings. The summary of these results shows that HMOs prevent colitis mainly by enhancing intestinal barrier function and advancing anti-inflammatory responses. Therefore, HMOs might suppress inflammatory responses and represent candidate treatments for IBD that protect intestinal integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Ji Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Hae Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Soo Shin
- Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Won Yoon
- Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Min Jeon
- Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ha Song
- Advanced Protein Technologies Corp., Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungho Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zheng Y, Silas O, Musa J, Qu Y, Gao T, Kim K, Joyce B, Wang J, Gursel D, Fatimah A, Imade G, Akanmu A, Wei JJ, Kocherginsky M, Kim KY, Wehbe F, Achenbach C, Anorlu R, Simon M, Sagay A, Ogunsola F, Murphy R, Hou L. Abstract 3021: Epigenetic signatures of virus-associated cervical cancer in women living with HIV. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Low- and middle-income countries are facing a high health burden of cervical cancer (CC). The situation is worsened by a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We aim to identify epigenetic signatures to help understand the virus-associated pathways underlying CC development, which is fundamental to developing effective CC screening tools or therapeutic approaches for women living with HIV.
Methods: We recruited a total of 365 Nigerian women with mean age of 52 (239 HIV+ and 126 HIV-; 98 without CC, 106 with cervical lesions, and 161 with CC). DNA methylation profiling in cervical tissue samples was performed using Illumina EPIC array covering over 860K methylation sites. The epigenetic signatures were identified among HIV+ women through epigenome-wide association study comparing CC vs. CC-free (Bonferroni adjusted p <0.05), which were further validated by comparing: 1) pairs of tumor and adjacent normal samples; and 2) pairs of cervical lesions and adjacent normal samples. The comparisons were adjusted for age, BMI, education, employment, parity, study site, and technical batch variables. We then compared the identified signatures between HIV+ and HIV- among CC women to delineate the role of HIV. We constructed a methylation risk score (MRS) using the signatures, and we performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate the performance of distinguishing across cancer statuses (CC, cervical lesions, CC-free).
Results: We identified 46 differentially methylated markers (p-value ranging from 5.7e-8 to 2.4e-19) in HIV+ CC women. The effect sizes among the 46 markers in the paired tumor-normal analysis and the paired lesion-normal analysis were highly correlated with the CC vs. CC-free analysis (r=0.99 and r=0.95, respectively) with smaller magnitudes (1.8 and 4.3 times smaller, respectively). Gene ontology and Reactome pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these 46 markers were enriched in genes involving activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling network (e.g., RPTOR, HDAC3, MAPKAP1), which plays a crucial role in virus/host crosstalk and virus-induced carcinogenesis. The PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling cascade suppressors, including gene PRDM8, were silenced by promoter hypermethylation among HIV+ CC women (p=4.3e-12). These epigenetic changes, however, were not observed in CC women without HIV. In an independent dataset, MRS was the lowest in women without CC (2.3±2.1), followed by women with cervical lesions (4.9±1.1), and the highest in CC women (9.6±3.9) (p-trend < 2e-16). The MRS achieved areas under the ROC curve = 0.93 and 0.88 in distinguishing CC and cervical lesions from CC-free among HIV+ women, respectively.
Conclusion: HIV may communicate with cervical cells and promote CC through epigenetic activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Our epigenetic signatures may serve as novel biomarkers for CC early detection and treatment for women living with HIV.
Citation Format: Yinan Zheng, Olugbenga Silas, Jonah Musa, Yishu Qu, Tao Gao, Kyeezu Kim, Brian Joyce, Jun Wang, Demirkan Gursel, Abdulkareem Fatimah, Godwin Imade, Alani Akanmu, Jian-Jun Wei, Masha Kocherginsky, Kwang-Youn Kim, Firas Wehbe, Chad Achenbach, Rose Anorlu, Melissa Simon, Atiene Sagay, Folasade Ogunsola, Robert Murphy, Lifang Hou. Epigenetic signatures of virus-associated cervical cancer in women living with HIV [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3021.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Zheng
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Yishu Qu
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Tao Gao
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Kyeezu Kim
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Brian Joyce
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Jun Wang
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Demirkan Gursel
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | - Jian-Jun Wei
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Firas Wehbe
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Chad Achenbach
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Melissa Simon
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Robert Murphy
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Lifang Hou
- 1Northwestern Univ. Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim K, Zheng Y, Hawkins C, Okeke E, Lesi O, Qu Y, Roberts LR, Gursel D, Abdulkareem FB, Akanmu A, Imade G, Wei JJ, Kocherginsky M, Kim KY, Adeyemo WL, Wehbe F, Achenbach CJ, Sagay A, Ogunsola FT, Murphy RL, Hou L. Abstract 6013: DNA methylation-based inflammation score is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma among people living with HIV. Cancer Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In countries with high human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, such as Nigeria, HIV-associated HCC causes a great health burden due to its early onset, late diagnosis, and poorer prognosis. HIV infection is involved in inflammation of the liver, which may determine an increased risk of hepatocyte neoplastic transformation. Inflammation-related DNA methylation signatures obtained in liquid biopsy, such as circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) extracted from serum/plasma are promising minimally-invasive biomarkers that may inform HCC among people living with HIV.
Methods: A total of 289 Nigerian participants with information on ccfDNA and other covariates were included. Participants were classified into three groups by their HCC/HIV status: 1) HCC+/HIV+ (n=28); 2) HCC-/HIV+ (n=185); and 3) HCC+/HIV- (n=76). We constructed ccfDNA methylation inflammation scores using 49 CpGs previously linked to circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations, and higher scores represented elevated CRP concentrations with lower methylation levels. To compare the ccfDNA methylation inflammation score across the groups, we performed multivariable logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, alcohol consumption, smoking status, body mass index, study sites, and technical variables.
Results: Participants with HCC+/HIV+ presented the highest ccfDNA methylation inflammation scores (mean=-0.03, standard deviation [SD] =0.01). Participants with HCC-/HIV+ presented the lowest scores (mean=-0.05, SD=0.01). In the multivariable logistic regressions, one SD increase of inflammation score was associated with 2.5 times higher odds of having HCC among HIV-infected participants (HCC+/HIV+ vs. HCC+/HIV-; OR=2.56, 95% CI=1.39-4.73, P=0.002). No evidence was found for the association between the inflammation score and HIV status among HCC patients (HCC+/HIV+ vs. HCC+/HIV-; OR=1.00, 95% CI=0.59-1.70, P=0.991). In the secondary analysis comparing HCC+ vs. HCC- adjusting for HIV status, one SD increase of inflammation score was associated with 3.2 times higher odds of having HCC (OR=3.22, 95% CI=1.39-7.46, P=0.006).
Conclusions: We observed that ccfDNA methylation inflammation score is associated with HCC status among people with HIV. Our findings suggest that ccfDNA methylation-based inflammatory profiles may serve as a potential biomarker for early detection and risk stratification of HCC in resource-constrained countries with a high prevalence of HIV.
Citation Format: Kyeezu Kim, Yinan Zheng, Claudia Hawkins, Edith Okeke, Olufunmilayo Lesi, Yishu Qu, Lewis R. Roberts, Demirkan Gursel, Fatimah B. Abdulkareem, Alani Akanmu, Godwin Imade, Jian-Jun Wei, Masha Kocherginsky, Kwang-Youn Kim, Wasiu L. Adeyemo, Firas Wehbe, Chad J. Achenbach, Atiene Sagay, Folasade T. Ogunsola, Robert L. Murphy, Lifang Hou. DNA methylation-based inflammation score is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma among people living with HIV. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6013.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yishu Qu
- 1Northwest University, Chicago, IL
| | | | | | | | - Alani Akanmu
- 5Lagos University Teaching Hospital and College of Medicine, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Davwar PM, Okeke E, Duguru M, Nyam D, Bell K, Odeghe EA, Oyeleke G, Lesi OA, Singh R, Kim KY, Imade G, Akanmu AS, Sagay AS, Ogunsola FT, Peters MG, Roberts LR, Hou L, Murphy RL, Hawkins CA. Hepatocellular carcinoma presentation and prognosis among Nigerian adults with and without HIV. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282539. [PMID: 36877687 PMCID: PMC9987777 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing cause of mortality in Nigeria among persons with HIV (PLH), as access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves. In this study we describe clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics in Nigerian adults with HCC, with and without HIV, and examine how HIV impacts survival. METHODS This prospective observational study was conducted between August 2018 and November 2021 at two Nigerian hospitals [Jos University Teaching Hospital (JUTH) and Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH)]. Subjects ≥18 years with HCC diagnosed according to American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) criteria were included. Baseline characteristics were compared, and Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to estimate survival. RESULTS 213 subjects [177 (83%) without HIV and 36 (17%) with HIV (PLH)] were enrolled. Median age was 52 years (IQR 42,60) and most subjects were male (71%). 83% PLH were on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity was similar between the two groups [91/177 (51%) without HIV vs. 18/36 (50%) with HIV; p = 0.86]. 46/213 (22%) subjects had active hepatitis C (anti-HCV+/HCV RNA>10 IU/mL). Cirrhosis was more common in PLH but there were no other significant differences in clinical and tumor characteristics between the groups. Overall, 99% subjects were symptomatic and 78% in late-stage HCC. Median overall survival was significantly shorter in PLH vs. without HIV (0.98 months vs 3.02 months, HR = 1.55, 95%CI 1.02, 2.37, p = 0.04). This association was not significant after adjusting for known risk factors including gender, current alcohol use, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), albumin, and total bilirubin (HR = 1.38, 95%CI 0.84, 2.29, p = 0.21). CONCLUSION HCC presented late with an extremely poor overall prognosis, highlighting the urgent need for more intensive surveillance in Nigeria to diagnose HCC at earlier stages. Early diagnosis and management of viral hepatitis, and access to HCC therapies, could prevent early mortality among persons with HCC, especially among PLH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kristen Bell
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Revika Singh
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | - Marion G. Peters
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Lewis R. Roberts
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Lifang Hou
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Murphy
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Claudia A. Hawkins
- Feinberg School of Medicine - Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lindquist LA, Miller-Winder AP, Schierer A, Murawski A, Opsasnick L, Kim KY, Ramirez-Zohfeld V. Improvement in self-efficacy among older adults aging-in-place during COVID-19. J Am Geriatr Soc 2022; 70:3318-3321. [PMID: 35838195 PMCID: PMC9349408 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lee A. Lindquist
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amber P. Miller-Winder
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Allison Schierer
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alaine Murawski
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lauren Opsasnick
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vanessa Ramirez-Zohfeld
- Division of Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wechsler JB, Bolton SM, Gray E, Kim KY, Kagalwalla AF. Defining the Patchy Landscape of Esophageal Eosinophilia in Children With Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:1971-1976.e2. [PMID: 34954340 PMCID: PMC9552248 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a patchy disease of the esophagus with significant variability in intraepithelial eosinophilia. Three biopsies each from distal and proximal esophagus are recommended for identification of active EoE. Recent work suggests 3 biopsy sites are more optimal. We sought to evaluate 2-site vs 3-site esophageal biopsy combinations for utility to identify active EoE. METHODS We prospectively obtained 3-site esophageal biopsies based on rigorous endoscopic measurements of the proximal, mid, and distal esophagus and gastroesophageal junction. Biopsies were reviewed by a pathologist, and those with at least 15 eosinophils per high-power field were considered active EoE. The sensitivity of one or more sites to identify active EoE was determined, and endoscopic measurements were correlated to height and age. RESULTS Five hundred ninety-six endoscopies were performed in 217 patients; of these, 304 endoscopies in 167 patients had active EoE. Among the initial esophagogastroduodenoscopies with active EoE, distal biopsies had greater than 80% sensitivity, whereas mid and proximal biopsies had sensitivity of 65% and 62%, respectively, and distal + proximal biopsies had the highest diagnostic sensitivity for a 2-site combination. Among the 304 endoscopies with active EoE, 9 had focal eosinophilia restricted to the mid esophagus, and 8 were restricted to the proximal esophagus. For patients with multiple endoscopies with active EoE, nearly one fourth had reduced sites with eosinophilia at the second time point. Endoscopic measurements strongly correlated with height and age. CONCLUSIONS This study supports endoscopic measurement-guided 3-site biopsies for optimal disease assessment of active EoE in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua B Wechsler
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases Program, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Scott M Bolton
- Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Elizabeth Gray
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amir F Kagalwalla
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois; Eosinophilic Gastrointestinal Diseases Program, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; John H. Stroger Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Park B, Yu SN, Kim SH, Lee J, Choi SJ, Chang JH, Yang EJ, Kim KY, Ahn SC. Inhibitory Effect of Biotransformed-Fucoidan on the Differentiation of Osteoclasts Induced by Receptor for Activation of Nuclear Factor-κB Ligand. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 32:1017-1025. [PMID: 35879294 PMCID: PMC9628933 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2203.03001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is regulated by constant remodeling through osteogenesis by osteoblasts and osteolysis by osteoclasts and osteoporosis can be provoked when this balance is broken. Present pharmaceutical treatments for osteoporosis have harmful side effects and thus, our goal was to develop therapeutics from intrisincally safe natural products. Fucoidan is a polysaccharide extracted from many species of brown seaweed, with valuable pharmaceutical activities. To intensify the effect of fucoidan on bone homeostasis, we hydrolyzed fucoidan using AMG, Pectinex and Viscozyme. Of these, fucoidan biotransformed by Pectinex (Fu/Pec) powerfully inhibited the induction of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity in osteoclasts differentiated from bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) by the receptor for activation of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL). To investigate potential of lower molecular weight fucoidan it was separated into >300 kDa, 50-300 kDa, and <50 kDa Fu/Pec fractions by ultrafiltration system. The effects of these fractions on TRAP and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were then examined in differentiated osteoclasts and MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, respectively. Interestingly, 50-300 kDa Fu/Pec suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclasts differentiation from BMMs but did not synergistically enhance osteoblasts differentiation induced by osteogenic agents. In addition, this fraction inhibited the expressions of NFATc1, TRAP, OSCAR, and RANK, which are all key transcriptional factors involved in osteoclast differentiation, and those of Src, c-Fos and Mitf, as determined by RT-PCR. In conclusion, enzymatically low-molecularized 50-300 kDa Fu/Pec suppressed TRAP by downregulating RANKL-related signaling, contributing to the inhibition of osteoclasts differentiation, and represented a potential means of inducing bone remodeling in the background of osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bobae Park
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50611, Republic of Korea,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Sun Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50611, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Kim
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 065510, USA
| | - Junwon Lee
- Department of Biomedicinal Science and Biotechnology, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jong Choi
- Spine Center, Bone Barun Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50611, Republic of Korea,Corresponding author Phone: +82-51-510-8092 E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim KY, Yun UJ, Yeom SH, Kim SC, Lee HJ, Ahn SC, Park KI, Kim YW. Inhibition of Autophagy Promotes Hemistepsin A-Induced Apoptosis via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated AMPK-Dependent Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11121806. [PMID: 34944451 PMCID: PMC8699411 DOI: 10.3390/biom11121806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is an essential strategy for cancer treatment. On the other hand, consistent exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs induces chemo-resistance in cancer cells through a variety of mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to develop a new drug inhibiting chemo-resistance. Although hemistepsin A (HsA) is known to have anti-tumor effects, the molecular mechanisms of HsA-mediated cell death are unclear. Accordingly, this study examined whether HsA could induce apoptosis in aggressive prostate cancer cells, along with its underlying mechanism. Using HsA on two prostate cancer cell lines, PC-3 and LNCaP cells, the cell analysis and in vivo xenograft model were assayed. In this study, HsA induced apoptosis and autophagy in PC-3 cells. HsA-mediated ROS production attenuated HsA-induced apoptosis and autophagy after treatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger. Moreover, autophagy inhibition by 3-MA or CQ is involved in accelerating the apoptosis induced by HsA. Furthermore, we showed the anti-tumor effects of HsA in mice, as assessed by the reduced growth of the xenografted tumors. In conclusion, HsA induced apoptosis and ROS generation, which were blocked by protective autophagy signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea;
| | - Un-Jung Yun
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (U.-J.Y.); (S.-H.Y.)
| | - Seung-Hee Yeom
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (U.-J.Y.); (S.-H.Y.)
- Medical Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea;
| | - Sang-Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea;
| | - Hu-Jang Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.-C.A.); (K.-I.P.); (Y.-W.K.)
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
- Correspondence: (S.-C.A.); (K.-I.P.); (Y.-W.K.)
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea; (U.-J.Y.); (S.-H.Y.)
- Correspondence: (S.-C.A.); (K.-I.P.); (Y.-W.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yang JH, Kim KY, Kim YW, Park KI. Artemisia anomala Herba Alleviates 2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene-Induced Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Lesions in Mice and the Production of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-/Interferon Gamma-Induced HaCaT Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175427. [PMID: 34500860 PMCID: PMC8433842 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia anomala S. Moore is a perennial herbaceous plant classified as Asteraceae of the genus Artemisia. Many species of Artemisia have been used as medicinal materials. Artemisia anomala S. Moore has been widely used in China to treat inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism of its action on the keratinocyte inflammatory response is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory reaction of Artemisia anomala S. Moore ethanol extract (EAA) using human keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells, which involved investigating the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), signal transducer, and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1), as well as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways and atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice. We elucidated the anti-inflammatory effects of EAA on tumor necrosis factor-α/interferon-γ (TNF-α/IFN-γ)-treated human keratinocyte cells and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced atopic dermatitis (AD)-like mice. The levels of chemokines and cytokines (IL-8, IL-6, TARC, and RANTES) were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The NF-κB, STAT-1, and MAPK signaling pathways in HaCaT cells were analyzed by western blotting. Thickening of the mice dorsal and ear skin was measured and inflammatory cell infiltration was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results showed that EAA suppressed IL-8, IL-6, TARC, and RANTES production. EAA inhibited nuclear translocation of NFκB and STAT-1, as well as reduced the levels of phosphorylated ERK MAPKs. EAA improved AD-like skin lesions in DNCB-treated mice. These findings suggest that EAA possesses stronger anti-inflammatory properties and can be useful as a functional food or candidate agent for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.-H.Y.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM) Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Korea; (J.-H.Y.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.K.); (K.-I.P.)
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.-W.K.); (K.-I.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kim MJ, Hosseindoust A, Kim KY, Moturi J, Lee JH, Kim TG, Mun JY, Chae BJ. Improving the bioavailability of manganese and meat quality of broilers by using hot-melt extrusion nano method. Br Poult Sci 2021; 63:211-217. [PMID: 34309442 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2021.1955332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
1. Mineral excretion is an issue in the poultry industry. The use of micro minerals in nano form can increase bioavailability and decrease excretion rate. However, information concerning the bioavailability of nano manganese (Mn) in broiler chicks is limited.2. This experiment studied the influences of hot-melt extrusion (HME)-processed manganese sulphate on body weight gain, Mn bioavailability, nutrient digestibility and meat quality in broiler chicks fed a corn-soybean meal-based diet as a starter and grower phase. A total of 700 birds (Ross 308, 1-day-old) were randomly placed in 35 cages (20 birds per cage). The broiler chicks were fed one of seven experimental diets, which consisted of a control (without supplemental Mn), different levels of MnSO4 (IN-Mn60; 60, 120, and 200 mg/kg), or HME MnSO4 (HME-Mn; 60, 120, and 200 mg/kg).3. There was an increased serum Mn content in broilers fed diet supplemented with HME-Mn. In the grower phase, increased dietary Mn levels elevated the concentrations in the serum, liver, and tibia. There were increases in the excreta Mn content of broilers fed increasing levels. The supplementation of HME-Mn showed a lower percentage of abdominal fat compared with the IN-Mn treatment diets. Supplementation with HME-Mn decreased intramuscular fat compared with the diets supplemented with IN-Mn. The supplementation of HME-Mn decreased the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) at d 6 of age. The HME-Mn source showed a greater decrease in TBARS compared with the IN-Mn treatment.4. In conclusion, HME processing increased bioavailability and could be used as an environmentally friendly method to facilitate lower levels of Mn in the diet of broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Kim
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A Hosseindoust
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Poultry Research Institute, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - J Moturi
- Department of Bio-health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Lee
- Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Canada
| | - T G Kim
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - J Y Mun
- Department of Bio-health Convergence, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - B J Chae
- College of Animal Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zheng Y, Hawkins C, Okeke E, Duguru M, Odeghe E, Lesi O, Qu Y, Kim K, Joyce B, Wang J, Roberts L, Gursel D, Fatimah A, Akanmu A, Imade G, Wei JJ, Kocherginsky M, Kim KY, Odukoya O, Adeyemo W, Wehbe F, Achenbach C, Sagay A, Ogunsola F, Murphy R, Hou L. Abstract 83: Blood-Based Circulating Cell-Free DNA Epigenetic Age Is Accelerated Among HIV-Infected Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nigeria. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr21-83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in Nigeria. HIV and viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) co-infection are common in Nigeria that significantly accelerates liver disease progression including HCC. Aging-related DNA methylation signatures obtained in liquid biopsy, such as circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) extracted from serum/plasma are promising minimally-invasive biomarkers that may inform HIV-associated HCC. We examined the epigenetic age acceleration (EpiAgeAccel) in ccfDNA in HCC patients with HIV.
Methods: The study included three groups of participants: a) HIV positive with HCC (n=7); b) HIV positive and cancer-free (n=45); and c) HIV negative with HCC (n=33). Epigenetic age was estimated by Horvath's calculator using genome-wide ccfDNA methylation data profiled by Illumina EPIC array. EpiAgeAccel was computed as the residuals of a linear model of epigenetic age on chronological age, namely the unexplained portion of epigenetic age by chronological age. We used multiple linear regression to compare EpiAgeAccel between HIV/HCC groups, adjusting for sex, age, education, alcohol intake, and HBV/HCV infection.
Results: Among HIV positive participants, there was a higher percentage of men (57% vs. 22%, p<0.001), HBV infection (29% vs. 11%, p=0.004), and HCV infection (57% vs. 2%, p<0.001) in the HCC group compared to the cancer-free group. EpiAgeAccel was 4.8 years higher in HIV positive patients with HCC compared to cancer-free HIV positives (p=0.02). Among HCC patients, EpiAgeAccel was 2.1 years higher in HIV positives compared to HIV negative but not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Epigenetic age in ccfDNA is accelerated in HIV-positive HCC patients. EpiAgeAccel measured in ccfDNA may be developed into a surrogate biomarker for minimally invasive HCC detection among HIV-infected patients in low- and middle-income countries.
Citation Format: Yinan Zheng, Claudia Hawkins, Edith Okeke, Mary Duguru, Emuobor Odeghe, Olufunmilayo Lesi, Yishu Qu, Kyeezu Kim, Brian Joyce, Jun Wang, Lewis Roberts, Demirkan Gursel, Abdulkareem Fatimah, Alani Akanmu, Godwin Imade, Jian-Jun Wei, Masha Kocherginsky, Kwang-Youn Kim, Oluwakemi Odukoya, Wasiu Adeyemo, Firas Wehbe, Chad Achenbach, Atiene Sagay, Folasade Ogunsola, Robert Murphy, Lifang Hou. Blood-Based Circulating Cell-Free DNA Epigenetic Age Is Accelerated Among HIV-Infected Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Nigeria [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 83.
Collapse
|
15
|
Zheng Y, Musa J, Kim K, Qu Y, Joyce B, Wang J, Gursel D, Silas O, Fatimah A, Imade G, Akanmu A, Wei JJ, Kocherginsky M, Kim KY, Wehbe F, Achenbach C, Anorlu R, Simon M, Sagay A, Ogunsola F, Murphy R, Hou L. Abstract 76: Global LINE-1 Hypomethylation as Novel Biomarker for Cervical Cancer in Nigerian Women Living with HIV. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7755.asgcr21-76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Nigeria faces a high health burden of cervical cancer (CC), which is worsened by high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Repetitive elements (RE) are DNA sequences that occur in multiple copies throughout the human genome. HIV infection can lead to RE hypomethylation that causes genome instability, an event often seen in the early phase of tumorigenesis. We aim to examine global RE hypomethylation as a novel epigenetic biomarker for CC among HIV-positive women in Nigeria.
Methods: This study involved three groups of women: a) HIV-positive with CC (n=39); b) HIV-positive and cancer-free (n=52); and c) HIV-negative with CC (n=23). We estimated three types of global RE methylation in cervical tissue using genome-wide methylation data: long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1), Alu, and human endogenous retrovirus (HERV). We used multiple linear regression adjusting for age, education, parity, employment, cancer stage, body mass index, and sample batch to compare the biomarkers across the HIV/ICC groups and paired t-test to compare 26 pairs of tumor vs. surrounding normal tissues, stratified by HIV status. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and area under the ROC (AUC) were used to examine the diagnostic value.
Results: Among HIV-positive women, all 3 global RE methylation biomarkers were hypomethylated in CC compared to cancer-free (LINE-1: mean difference [MD]=-0.049, p-value=2.9e-8; Alu: MD=-0.011, p-value=2.0e-4; HERV: MD=-0.013, p-value=1.7e-6). Paired analyses showed a larger, more significant MD in HIV-positive stratum than HIV-negative, especially LINE-1 (MD=-0.048 vs. -0.020, p-value=0.004 vs. 0.254). LINE-1 achieved the highest AUC (0.85, 95% CI: 0.76-0.95) in distinguishing tumor tissue from normal tissue among HIV-positive women, followed by HERV (0.82, 95% CI: 0.73-0.92) and Alu (0.60, 95% CI: 0.47-0.72).
Conclusion: Global LINE-1 hypomethylation may serve as a novel biomarker for CC screening and early detection for women living with HIV in low- and middle-income countries.
Citation Format: Yinan Zheng, Jonah Musa, Kyeezu Kim, Yishu Qu, Brian Joyce, Jun Wang, Demirkan Gursel, Olugbenga Silas, Abdulkareem Fatimah, Godwin Imade, Alani Akanmu, Jian-Jun Wei, Masha Kocherginsky, Kwang-Youn Kim, Firas Wehbe, Chad Achenbach, Rose Anorlu, Melissa Simon, Atiene Sagay, Folasade Ogunsola, Robert Murphy, Lifang Hou. Global LINE-1 Hypomethylation as Novel Biomarker for Cervical Cancer in Nigerian Women Living with HIV [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium on Global Cancer Research; Global Cancer Research and Control: Looking Back and Charting a Path Forward; 2021 Mar 10-11. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021;30(7 Suppl):Abstract nr 76.
Collapse
|
16
|
Fatone S, Caldwell R, Angelico J, Stine R, Kim KY, Gard S, Oros M. Comparison of Ischial Containment and Subischial Sockets on Comfort, Function, Quality of Life, and Satisfaction With Device in Persons With Unilateral Transfemoral Amputation: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102:2063-2073.e2. [PMID: 34214499 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare comfort and functional performance of the Northwestern University Flexible Subischial Vacuum (NU-FlexSIV) Socket with the ischial containment (IC) socket in persons with unilateral transfemoral amputation. DESIGN Randomized crossover trial with two 7-week periods. SETTING Private prosthetic clinics and university research laboratory. PARTICIPANTS A total of 30 enrolled (N=30); 25 participants completed the study with full (n=18) or partial data (n=7). INTERVENTIONS Two custom-fabricated sockets (IC and NU-FlexSIV), worn full-time for 7 weeks, with testing at 1, 4, and 7 weeks after socket delivery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome was change in Socket Comfort Score (SCS) at 7 weeks. Secondary outcomes at 7 weeks included the Orthotic and Prosthetic Users' Survey (OPUS) to assess lower extremity functional status, health-related quality of life, and satisfaction with device, as well as the 5-Times Rapid Sit-to-Stand Test, Four Square Step Test, and T-Test of Agility to assess functional performance. RESULTS At 7 weeks, the mean SCS for IC (7.0±1.7) and NU-FlexSIV (8.4±1.1) Sockets were significantly different (P<.001; 95% confidence interval, 0.8-2.3). Results from a linear mixed-effects model, accounting for data from all time points, indicated that the SCS was 1.7 (SE=0.45) points higher for the NU-FlexSIV Socket (P<.001). For the secondary outcomes, only OPUS satisfaction with device was significantly better in the NU-FlexSIV Socket after accounting for all data points. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that after 7 weeks' accommodation, the NU-FlexSIV Socket was more comfortable and led to greater satisfaction with device than the IC socket in persons with unilateral transfemoral amputation and K3/K4 mobility. Other patient-reported outcomes and function were no different between sockets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Fatone
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
| | - Ryan Caldwell
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Scheck and Siress Prosthetics and Orthotics, Chicago, IL; Hanger Clinic, Austin, TX
| | - John Angelico
- Scheck and Siress Prosthetics and Orthotics, Chicago, IL; Hanger Clinic, Austin, TX
| | | | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Steven Gard
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Michael Oros
- Scheck and Siress Prosthetics and Orthotics, Chicago, IL; Hanger Clinic, Austin, TX
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu J, Xu H, Song H, Li X, Wang N, Zhao J, Zheng X, Kim KY, Zhang H, Mao Q, Xia H. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated grna gene knockout leads to neurodevelopmental defects and motor behavior changes in zebrafish. J Neurochem 2021; 157:520-531. [PMID: 33480022 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Progranulin (PGRN) is a secreted glycoprotein with multiple biological functions in early embryogenesis, anti-inflammation, and neurodegeneration. A good model for the functional study of PGRN is the zebrafish with knockdown or knockout of grn, the gene encoding PGRN. Morpholino oligonucleotides (MOs) and zinc finger nucleases have been used to generate zebrafish grn models, yet they have shown inconsistent phenotypes due to either the neurotoxicity of the MOs or possible genetic compensation responses during gene editing. In this study, we generated stable grna (one of the major grn homologues of zebrafish) knockout zebrafish by using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing. A grna sgRNA was designed to target the similar repeated sequence shared by exon 13, exon 15, and exon 19 in zebrafish. The F1 generation with the frameshift mutation of + 4 bp (the addition of 4 bp to exon15), which causes a premature termination, was obtained and subjected to morphological and behavioral evaluation. The grna knockout zebrafish showed neurodevelopmental defects, including spinal motor neurons with shorter axons, decreased sensory hair cells, thinning of the outer nuclear layer and thickening of the inner nuclear layer of the retina, decreased expression of rhodopsin in the cone cells, and motor behavior changes. Moreover, the phenotypes of grna knockout zebrafish could be rescued with the Tol2 system carrying the grna gene. The grna knockout zebrafish model generated in this study provides a useful tool to study PGRN function and has potential for high-throughput drug screening for disease therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuling Zhu
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Huimin Xu
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Hui Song
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Li
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Junli Zhao
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Qinwen Mao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Haibin Xia
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shulman S, Geevarghese B, Kim KY, Rowley A. The Impact of Social Distancing for COVID-19 Upon Diagnosis of Kawasaki Disease. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 2021; 10:742-744. [PMID: 33755140 PMCID: PMC8083704 DOI: 10.1093/jpids/piab013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mitigation policies have been associated with profound decreases in diagnoses of common childhood respiratory infections. A leading theory of etiology of Kawasaki disease (KD) is that it is triggered by presently unidentified ubiquitous respiratory agent. We document that mitigation policies instituted in mid-March 2020 were associated with strikingly fewer diagnoses of KD in April-December 2020 compared with the same period in the previous 8 years (P = .01), a >67% decline. This finding supports the hypothesis that KD is caused by a respiratory-transmitted agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanford Shulman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA,Corresponding Author: Stanford Shulman, MD, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago, Ave. Box #20. E-mail:
| | - Bessey Geevarghese
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anne Rowley
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lindquist LA, Muhammad R, Miller-Winder AP, Opsasnick L, Kim KY, Benavente JY, Wolf M, Ramirez-Zohfeld V. Rationale and study design for decision making & implementation of aging-in-place/long term care plans among older adults. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 22:100756. [PMID: 33869887 PMCID: PMC8040099 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Remaining in one's own home and community is a priority for many older adults as they age. Decision-making and planning is critical to ensure successful aging-in-place (AIP), especially when individuals experience age-related changes such as cognitive decline. Objectives: We are testing how decision-making and planning for AIP is impacted by changes in older adults' cognition and function, chronic conditions, social influences, environmental factors and identifying the mediating/moderating interactions between factors. We will also assess whether decision-making and planning for AIP translates into timely adoption of plans and goal concordance between older adults and their surrogate/caregiver decision makers. Methods We will conduct a longitudinal single-group interventional clinical trial of community-dwelling older adults who are enrolled in LitCog, (R01AG03611) and expose them to an online intervention, PlanYourLifespan.org, which facilitates decision-making and planning for AIP. Enrolled participants (n = 398) will complete interviews at baseline, one month, and every six months up to 42 months in conjunction with the LitCog study, where cognitive, social, functional, and health literacy data is collected. Additionally, we will collect data on decision-making, resource use, communication of plans, timing of plan implementation, and goal concordance. Projected outcomes Findings from this study may generate evidence on how age-related changes in older adults may affect decision-making and implementation in relation to AIP as well as the impact of social relationships and support. Ultimately these findings may help shape the design of programs and practices that may improve the lives of older adults and the capacity of institutions to adapt to societal aging and AIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lee A Lindquist
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ruqayyah Muhammad
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amber P Miller-Winder
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Lauren Opsasnick
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julia Yoshino Benavente
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Wolf
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vanessa Ramirez-Zohfeld
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Konki SK, Khambampati AK, Sharma SK, Kim KY. A deep neural network for estimating the bladder boundary using electrical impedance tomography. Physiol Meas 2020; 41:115003. [PMID: 32726770 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/abaa56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Accurate bladder size estimation is an important clinical parameter that assists physicians, enabling them to provide better treatment for patients who are suffering from urinary incontinence. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a non-invasive medical imaging method that estimates organ boundaries assuming that the electrical conductivity values of the background, bladder, and adjacent tissues inside the pelvic domain are known a priori. However, the performance of a traditional EIT inverse algorithm such as the modified Newton-Raphson (mNR) for shape estimation exhibits severe convergence problems as it heavily depends on the initial guess and often fails to estimate complex boundaries that require greater numbers of Fourier coefficients to approximate the boundary shape. Therefore, in this study a deep neural network (DNN) is introduced to estimate the urinary bladder boundary inside the pelvic domain. APPROACH We designed a five-layer DNN which was trained with a dataset of 15 subjects that had different pelvic boundaries, bladder shapes, and conductivity. The boundary voltage measurements of the pelvic domain are defined as input and the corresponding Fourier coefficients that describe the bladder boundary as output data. To evaluate the DNN, we tested with three different sizes of urinary bladder. MAIN RESULTS Numerical simulations and phantom experiments were performed to validate the performance of the proposed DNN model. The proposed DNN algorithm is compared with the radial basis function (RBF) and mNR method for bladder shape estimation. The results show that the DNN has a low root mean square error for estimated boundary coefficients and better estimation of bladder size when compared to the mNR and RBF. SIGNIFICANCE We apply the first DNN algorithm to estimate the complex boundaries such as the urinary bladder using EIT. Our work provides a novel efficient EIT inverse solver to estimate the bladder boundary and size accurately. The proposed DNN algorithm has advantages in that it is simple to implement, and has better accuracy and fast estimation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S K Konki
- Center for Artificial Intelligence, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Nam HW, Bae J, Kim YW, An HH, Kim SH, Kim KY, Yu SN, Park BB, Lee SY, Ahn SC. Anti-Cancer Effects of RAW 264.7 Cells on Prostate Cancer PC-3 Cells. Ann Clin Lab Sci 2020; 50:739-746. [PMID: 33334788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages have the potential to re-programing tumor cells in the tumor microenvironments. Thus we investigated anti-cancer effects of M1-polarized macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the physiological properties of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells. To identify communications with immune cells and tumor cells, we performed in-direct way by using conditioned-media (CM) and analyzed tumor properties via quantitative polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot and flow cytometry. CM of M1-polarized macrophages induced apoptotic cell death in PC-3 cells, and it surprisingly suppressed tumor parameters including epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion, migration and angiogenesis. EMT specific markers, N-cadherin, snail-1, and TGF β2 were diminished; however, E-cadherin was increased. In addition, migration markers, vimentin and CCL2 were down-regulated, and finally wound healing was also inhibited. Decreased expression of matrix metalloprotein (MMP)-9 and VEGFA might reduce the invasive and angiogenic abilities of PC-3 cells. These results suggested that co-culture with CM of M1-polarized macrophages showed higher anti-cancer effects on PC-3 cells. Thus, therapeutic targeting of macrophages toward PC-3 cells may represent a useful strategy to complement with the secreted molecules of RAW 264.7 cells as inhibitors of metastasis and anti-cancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Won Nam
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jaeho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Young-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee An
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Kim
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, Korea, and
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Bo-Bae Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Sang-Yull Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
- Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kim MS, Lee S, Park SB, Kim KY, Kim Y, Kang HY, Park SG, Kang NG. Magnolol induces adipogenic differentiation in human skin. Br J Dermatol 2020; 183:584-586. [PMID: 32248517 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.19063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M S Kim
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Lee
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| | - S B Park
- Bio Platform Technology Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Bio Platform Technology Research Center, Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Y Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - H Y Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - S G Park
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| | - N G Kang
- R&D Center, LG Household & Healthcare, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Baek SY, Lee EH, Oh TW, Do HJ, Kim KY, Park KI, Kim YW. Network Pharmacology-Based Approaches of Rheum undulatum Linne and Glycyrriza uralensis Fischer Imply their Regulation of Liver Failure with Hepatic Encephalopathy in Mice. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10030437. [PMID: 32178308 PMCID: PMC7175377 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheum undulatum and Glycyrrhiza uralensis have been used as supplementary ingredients in various herbal medicines. They have been reported to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and, therefore, have potential in the treatment and prevention of various liver diseases. Considering that hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is often associated with chronic liver failure, we investigated whether an R. undulatum and G. uralensis extract mixture (RG) could reduce HE. We applied systems-based pharmacological tools to identify the active ingredients in RG and the pharmacological targets of RG by examining mechanism-of-action profiles. A CCl4-induced HE mouse model was used to investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of RG on HE. We successfully identified seven bioactive ingredients in RG with 40 potential targets. Based on an integrated target–disease network, RG was predicted to be effective in treating neurological diseases. In animal models, RG consistently relieved HE symptoms by protecting blood–brain barrier permeability via downregulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and upregulation of claudin-5. In addition, RG inhibited mRNA expression levels of both interleukin (IL)-1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1. Based on our results, RG is expected to function various biochemical processes involving neuroinflammation, suggesting that RG may be considered a therapeutic agent for treating not only chronic liver disease but also HE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Su Youn Baek
- Institute for Phylogenomics and Evolution, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- School of Medical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea;
| | - Tae Woo Oh
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Korea; (T.W.O.); (H.J.D.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Hyun Ju Do
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Korea; (T.W.O.); (H.J.D.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Korea; (T.W.O.); (H.J.D.); (K.-Y.K.)
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea;
| | - Young Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Fax: +82-31-961-5835
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gao J, Chen YH, Mina A, Altman JK, Kim KY, Zhang Y, Lu X, Jennings L, Sukhanova M. Unique morphologic and genetic characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia with chromothripsis: a clinicopathologic study from a single institution. Hum Pathol 2020; 98:22-31. [PMID: 32088209 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Chromothripsis is a unique type of genomic instability and is recognized in various cancers. In myeloid neoplasms (MNs), chromothripsis was linked to poor prognosis and specific genetic alterations (complex karyotype, 5q deletions, and loss of TP53). However, the clinicopathologic features of MNs with chromothripsis have not been thoroughly characterized. We identified chromothripsis in 11 cases of MNs (9 acute myeloid leukemia [AML] and 2 myelodysplastic syndrome [MDS] cases) and noted that all chromothripsis-positive AML cases were AML with myelodysplasia-related changes (AML-MRC). We performed a comparative clinicopathologic and genetic characterization of AML-MRC cases with and without chromothripsis. AML-MRC with chromothripsis is associated with lower white blood cell and platelet counts and higher degree of karyotypic complexity. Chromothripsis in AML-MRC most frequently involves chromosomes 8 and 11 with consequent amplification of either MYC or KMT2A. Comparative morphologic assessment of blast morphology revealed unique features characteristic of AML-MRC with chromothripsis: a variable degree of cytoplasmic vacuolization, granulation, and blebbing. These morphologic markers in the context of AML-MRC may prompt additional studies to identify cases with chromothripsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juehua Gao
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yi-Hua Chen
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Alain Mina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 60611, USA
| | - Jessica K Altman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 60611, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine - Biostatistics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 60611, USA
| | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xinyan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Lawrence Jennings
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Madina Sukhanova
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim KY, Oh TW, Yang HJ, Kim YW, Ma JY, Park KI. Ethanol extract of Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich induces autophagy and apoptosis in mouse colon cancer cells through the regulation of reactive oxygen species. Altern Ther Health Med 2019; 19:274. [PMID: 31638961 PMCID: PMC6805551 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Recent research has suggested that autophagy can provide a better mechanism for inducing cell death than current therapeutic strategies. This study investigated the effects of using an ethanol extract of Chrysanthemum zawadskii Herbich (ECZ) to induce apoptosis and autophagy associated with reliable signal pathways in mouse colon cancer CT-26 cells. Methods Using ECZ on mouse colon cancer CT-26 cells, cell viability, annexin V/propidium iodide staining, acridine orange staining, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and western blotting were assayed. Results ECZ exhibited cytotoxicity in CT-26 cells in a dose-dependent manner. ECZ induced apoptosis was confirmed by caspase-3 activation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, and increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, it was shown that ECZ induced autophagy via the increased conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3II, the degradation of p62, and the formation of acidic vesicular organelles. The inhibition of ROS production by N-Acetyl-L-cysteine resulted in reduced ECZ-induced apoptosis and autophagy. Furthermore, the inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine resulted in enhanced ECZ-induced apoptosis via increased ROS generation. Conclusion These findings confirmed that ECZ induced ROS-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in colon cancer cells. Therefore, ECZ may serve as a novel potential chemotherapeutic candidate for colon cancer.
Collapse
|
26
|
Lee EH, Park KI, Kim KY, Lee JH, Jang EJ, Ku SK, Kim SC, Suk HY, Park JY, Baek SY, Kim YW. Liquiritigenin inhibits hepatic fibrogenesis and TGF-β1/Smad with Hippo/YAP signal. Phytomedicine 2019; 62:152780. [PMID: 31121384 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports highlighted the possibility that Yes-associated protein (YAP) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) can act as critical regulators of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation; therefore, it is natural for compounds targeting Hippo/YAP and TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathways to be identified as potential anti-fibrotic candidates. PURPOSE Liquiritigenin (LQ) is an aglycone of liquiritin and has been reported to protect the liver from injury. However, its effects on the Hippo/YAP and TGF-β1/Smad pathways have not been identified to date. METHODS We conducted a series of experiments using CCl4-induced fibrotic mice and cultured LX-2 cells. RESULT LQ significantly inhibited liver fibrosis, as indicated by decreases in regions of hepatic degeneration, inflammatory cell infiltration, and the intensity of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) staining in mice. Moreover, LQ blocked the TGF-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad 3, and the transcript levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in LX-2 cells, which is similar with resveratrol and oxyresveratrol (positive controls). Furthermore, LQ increased activation of large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1) with the induction of YAP phosphorylation, thereby preventing YAP transcriptional activity and suppressing the expression of exacerbated TGF-β1/Smad signaling molecules. CONCLUSION These results clearly show that LQ ameliorated experimental liver fibrosis by acting on the TGF-β1/Smad and Hippo/YAP pathways, indicating that LQ has the potential for effective treatment of liver fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hye Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, South Korea
| | - Ju-Hee Lee
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea
| | - Eun Jeong Jang
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, South Korea
| | - Sae Kwang Ku
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, South Korea
| | - Ho Young Suk
- Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, South Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Su Youn Baek
- College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, South Korea.
| | - Young Woo Kim
- College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, South Korea; College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jung J, Cho YY, Jung JH, Kim KY, Kim HS, Baek JH, Hahm JR, Cho HS, Kim SK. Are patients with mild to moderate renal impairment on metformin or other oral anti-hyperglycaemic agents at increased risk of contrast-induced nephropathy and metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast exposure? Clin Radiol 2019; 74:651.e1-651.e6. [PMID: 31202566 DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2019.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether the use of metformin during computed tomography (CT) with radiocontrast agents increases the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) and metabolic acidosis after CT in type 2 diabetes patients with mild to moderate renal failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient records from January 2015 to December 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. A total of 374 patients were included in the final analysis. Of them, 157 patients received metformin, and 217 patients were taking other oral hypoglycaemic agents (OHAs) during radiocontrast administration. RESULTS No significant difference in CIN incidence was observed between the metformin use group and the other OHAs group (p=0.085). Metabolic acidosis after CT was seen in 91 (58%) patients who used metformin and 141 (65%) patients who were taking other OHAs. There was no relationship between metabolic acidosis after CT and the use of metformin (p=0.195). Metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast agent exposure was associated with malignant disease, low serum albumin level, and low serum total CO2 level at baseline. CONCLUSION These data show that other factors, but not metformin use, are associated with metabolic acidosis after radiocontrast agent exposure in patients with reduced renal function. These data support current recommendations that there is no need to discontinue metformin before CT using radiocontrast agents in patients with mild to moderate renal failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Jung
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - Y Y Cho
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J H Jung
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J-H Baek
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - J R Hahm
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - H S Cho
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea
| | - S K Kim
- Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine Jinju, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Kim J, Jo WK, Kim KY, Kim BJ, Lee SB, Lee HJ, Yu JH, Kim HJ, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim SB, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Chang S, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH. Abstract P4-01-11: Genomic alterations of cell-free DNA in early breast cancer patients with recurrence. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p4-01-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cell-free DNA (cfDNA), as a non-invasive strategy, provides substantial benefit to overcome tumor heterogeneity. Surveillance of recurrence after standard treatment in early breast cancer (BC) using cfDNA, enables to detect minimal residual disease (MRD), also to identify genomic alterations driving recurrences. We aimed to assess the role of cfDNA in detecting MRD by investigating genomic alterations of 1)primary, recurred tumor and 2)cfDNA at time of recurrence using deep targeted sequencing. Fifty-four early BC patients were enrolled prospectively between 2014 and 2017 at time of recurrence. Median disease free interval was 28.5 months (rage 6.2-49.8). 62.7% (32/51) were hormone receptor (HR) positive (28 HRpos/HER2neg, 4 HRpos/HER2pos), 11.8% (6/51) were HRneg/HER2pos and 25.5% (13/51) were triple negative BCs. 59.3% (32/54) patients developed loco-regional recurrence (15 local recurrence only, 13 regional only, 4 with both) and distant metastasis was observed among 40.7% (22/54) patients. Cell-free DNA was extracted from 5cc blood at time of recurrence. Deep targeted sequencing was performed using customized NGS panel –encompassing 426 cancer-related target coding region, 242 fusion and amplification-related region- of cfDNA and FFPE(formalin fixed paraffin embedded) tumor samples archived from surgical resection or biopsy. Deep targeted sequencing data was successfully performed in 72.1% (31/43) plasma samples and sequencing yield was significantly lower when stored for more than 2yrs (46.2% vs 83.3%).
Mutations of cfDNA and tumor (primary, recurred) were analyzed. Mean sequencing depth of cfDNA and FFPE were x425.7 and x777.6 respectively. Median number of pathogenic mutations found in primary tumor, cfDNA and recurred tumor were 27(range 12-99), 25(range 8-85) and 9(range 0-23). Among mutations found in primary tumor, 27.4% were shared mutations (range 8.1%-72.7%) with recurred tumor and 26.1% were shared mutations (range 4.7%-69.2%) observed in cfDNA sample. Among mutations found in recurred tumor, 40.9% were observed in cfDNA (range 17.7-87.5%). In primary tumor, median number of mutations with allelic fraction (MAF)>10% were 12 (range 4-21) and at least one mutation was found in cfDNA at time of recurrence. Among mutations with MAF>10%, 59.4% and 69.1% were found in cfDNA and recurred tumor. Known oncogenic mutations of PIK3CA, TP53, GATA3, AKT1, ESR1, RELN, ERBB2, ERBB3, BRCA1 mutation were found. PIK3CA gene (p.H1047R) was found in two cases both in primary tumor and cfDNA at recurrence (MAF 11.4% vs 5.3% and 12.3% vs 15.4%) suggesting de novo driver mutation. One patient developed regional recurrence during adjuvant aromatase inhibitor with ESR1 V392I mutation in both cfDNA and recurred tumor (MAF 48.1 and 54.5%), while another patient's recurred tumor during aromatase inhibitor harbored ESR1 D538G mutation exclusively in recurred tumor with MAF <1%. Both patients had no ESR1 hotpot mutation in primary tumor.
Our data showed sequencing yield of 83.3% in plasma samples within 2yr. Pathogenic mutations in primary tumor, especially when MAF>10%, half of them was observed in cfDNA at time of recurrence. ESR1 mutation should be included in cfDNA surveillance for patients undergoing endocrine therapy even absent in primary tumor.
Citation Format: Kim J, Jo WK, Kim KY, Kim BJ, Lee SB, Lee HJ, Yu JH, Kim HJ, Chung IY, Ko BS, Kim S-B, Jung KH, Ahn JH, Chang S, Lee JW, Son BH, Ahn SH. Genomic alterations of cell-free DNA in early breast cancer patients with recurrence [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-01-11.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - WK Jo
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KY Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SB Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Yu
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - HJ Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - IY Chung
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BS Ko
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S-B Kim
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - KH Jung
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JH Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - S Chang
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - JW Lee
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - BH Son
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SH Ahn
- Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Macrogen Inc, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kim K, Do HJ, Oh TW, Kim KY, Kim TH, Ma JY, Park KI. Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Activity of a Traditional Medicine, Hwangryunhaedok-Tang. Front Pharmacol 2019; 9:1502. [PMID: 30687085 PMCID: PMC6333754 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet activation and accumulation at the site of vascular injury are central to thrombus formation resulted in thrombotic disorders. Medicinal herbs could be one of the most important pharmaceutical agents that ameliorate thrombotic disorders, such as unstable angina, myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular diseases. Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HRT) is a traditional herbal medicine that displays multiple biological properties including anti-inflammatory abilities. However, its role in platelet activation has not been fully studied. Hence, we examined whether HRT has a potent inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and thrombus formation. We demonstrated that HRT (30, 50, and 100 μg/ml) significantly impaired thrombin- and collagen-related peptide-induced platelet aggregation, granule secretion, thromboxane B2 generation, and intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Biochemical studies revealed that HRT is involved in inhibiting the phosphorylation of phospholipase C and protein kinase B. The oral administration of HRT (30, 50, and 100 mg/kg once daily for 1 and/or 7 days) efficiently ameliorates ferric chloride induced arterial thrombus formation in vivo. Tail bleeding time was not significantly increased. The qualitative phytochemical constituents of the HRT extract were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography. Our results demonstrated that HRT shows potential antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects without affecting hemostasis. Hence, HRT could be an effective therapeutic agent for the treatment of thrombotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyungho Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Do
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Tae Woo Oh
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Jin Yel Ma
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korean Medicine-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Singh AM, Sherenian MG, Kim KY, Erickson KA, Yang A, Mestan K, Ernst LM, Kumar R. Fetal cord blood and tissue immune responses to chronic placental inflammation and chorioamnionitis. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2018; 14:66. [PMID: 30473713 PMCID: PMC6240933 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-018-0297-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chorioamnionitis is a risk factor for future asthma development. Animal models of chorioamnionitis demonstrate increased TH17-to-Treg ratios associated with proinflammatory cytokine elevations. The association of chorioamnionitis on human neonatal immune cells systemically and within tissues is not known. Methods We enrolled two cohorts to evaluate TH17 and regulatory T cell (Treg) phenotypic markers in chorioamnionitis. From a cohort of 19 live birth infants, we collected cord blood and placenta samples to evaluate for signs of acute and chronic histologic inflammation and cell phenotype characterization. We analyzed a second cohort of stillborn infants with and without chorioamnionitis to classify and enumerate cell infiltrate phenotypes in the spleen, thymus, and lung. We used linear regression analysis determine the association of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t positive (RORγt+) and Treg cell frequency with different types of inflammation seen in the live cohort subjects. Using linear mixed models, we evaluated for any associations between chorioamnionitis and T- and B-cell with a logarithmic scale for level of expression of cellular markers. We then performed Wilcoxon rank sum tests to assess the associations between cell count and chorioamnionitis. Results In the live birth subjects with chronic placental inflammation we observed an increased proportion of RORγt+ cells in Foxp3+ cells, regardless of the presence of acute inflammation, compared to subjects with neither acute nor chronic inflammation. We also found an increased proportion of RORγt+ cells within Foxp3+ cells in subjects with acute high stage fetal and maternal inflammation compared to those without acute or chronic inflammation. In the stillborn subjects with chorioamnionitis, we observed a decrease in splenic Foxp3+ cells and an increase in lung CD3+ cells compared with subjects that did not have chorioamnionitis. Conclusion Exposure to chorioamnionitis in utero may affect immune activation in neonates with an increased frequency of RORγt+ cells systemically as well as lymphocytic infiltrate in the lung. Our findings suggest an increase in RORγt+ cells during chorioamnionitis and thus may support the known associations between chorioamnionitis with asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Singh
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 255 E Chicago Ave, Box #60, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.,6Department of Medicine, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Michael G Sherenian
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 255 E Chicago Ave, Box #60, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- 2Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Kristin A Erickson
- 6Department of Medicine, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Amy Yang
- 3Biostatistics Collaboration Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Karen Mestan
- 4Division of Neonatology, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Linda M Ernst
- 5Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northshore University Health System, Evanston, IL USA
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 255 E Chicago Ave, Box #60, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kim KY, Park KI, Lee SG, Baek SY, Lee EH, Kim SC, Kim SH, Park SG, Yu SN, Oh TW, Kim JH, Kim KJ, Ahn SC, Kim YW. Deoxypodophyllotoxin in Anthriscus sylvestris alleviates fat accumulation in the liver via AMP-activated protein kinase, impeding SREBP-1c signal. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 294:151-157. [PMID: 30148990 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a naturally occurring flavolignan in Anthriscus sylvestris known as cow parsley or wild chervil, and has been reported to have inhibitory effects against several pathological processes including cancer, inflammation and infection. Here, we report the effects of DPT in the fatty liver induced by high fat diet in vivo as well as its regulatory mechanism related with the transcription factor for lipogenic genes such as sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) in vitro. C57BL/6 mice were fed high fat diet for 10 weeks and also orally administrated with DPT for additional 4 weeks. 5 and 10 mg/kg of DPT decreased lipid accumulation in the liver induced by high fat diet, as indicated by histological parameters such as Oil Red O staining and hematoxylin & eosin as well as the contents of hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol. In hepatocytes, DPT inhibited the liver X receptor α-mediated SREBP-1c induction and expression of the lipogenic genes, including fatty acid synthase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. Moreover, DPT induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, which has been known to inhibit the expression of SREBP-1c in hepatocyte. Also this compound restored the dysregulation of AMPK and SREBP-1c induced by high fat diet in mice. In conclusion, we demonstrated that DPT significantly inhibited fatty liver by adjusting lipid metabolism coordinated with AMPK activation and SREBP-1c inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Seul Gi Lee
- Medical Research Center, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea
| | - Su Youn Baek
- Medical Research Center, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Medical Research Center, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Medical Research Center, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Kim
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Sul-Gi Park
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Tae Woo Oh
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu, 41062, South Korea
| | - Joung-Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daekyeung College, Gyeongsan, 38547, South Korea
| | - Keuk-Jun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daekyeung College, Gyeongsan, 38547, South Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea.
| | - Young Woo Kim
- Medical Research Center, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, 38610, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Jeong JS, Kim D, Kim KY, Ryu S, Han S, Shin BS, Kim GS, Gwak MS, Ko JS. Ischemic Preconditioning Produces Comparable Protection Against Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Under Isoflurane and Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Rats. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:2188-2193. [PMID: 29149981 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various volatile anesthetics and ischemic preconditioning (IP) have been demonstrated to exert protective effect against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in liver. We aimed to determine whether application of IP under isoflurane and sevoflurane anesthesia would confer protection against hepatic I/R injury in rats. METHODS Thirty-eight rats weighing 270 to 300 grams were randomly divided into 2 groups: isoflurane (1.5%) and sevoflurane (2.5%) anesthesia groups. Each group was subdivided into sham (n = 3), non-IP (n = 8; 45 minutes of hepatic ischemia), and IP (n = 8, IP consisting of 10-minute ischemia plus 15-minute reperfusion before prolonged ischemia) groups. The degree of hepatic injury and expressions of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and caspase 3 were compared at 2 hours after reperfusion. RESULTS Hepatic ischemia induced significant degree of I/R injuries in both isoflurane and sevoflurane non-IP groups. In both anesthetic groups, introduction of IP dramatically attenuated I/R injuries as marked by significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase and aminotransferase levels and better histologic grades compared with corresponding non-IP groups. There were 2.3- and 1.7-fold increases in Bcl-2 mRNA levels in isoflurane and sevoflurane IP groups, respectively, compared with corresponding non-IP groups (both P < .05). Caspase 3 level was significantly high in the isoflurane non-IP group compared with the sham group; however, there were no differences among the sevoflurane groups. CONCLUSIONS The degree of hepatic I/R injury was significantly high in both isoflurane and sevoflurane groups in rats. However, application of IP significantly protected against I/R injury in both volatile anesthetic groups to similar degrees, and upregulation of Bcl-2 might be an important mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Jeong
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - D Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - S Han
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - B S Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G S Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Gwak
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J S Ko
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kominiarek MA, Grobman W, Adam E, Buss C, Culhane J, Entringer S, Simhan H, Wadhwa PD, Kim KY, Keenan-Devlin L, Borders A. Stress during pregnancy and gestational weight gain. J Perinatol 2018; 38:462-467. [PMID: 29379158 PMCID: PMC5999529 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-018-0051-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between prenatal stress and gestational weight gain (GWG). STUDY DESIGN This was an analysis of women recruited between 2013-2015 from four sites in the US. We tested associations between responses at 32-35 weeks to the Life Experiences Survey (LES), a 37-item measure of events and perceived stress, and GWG categories. Bivariable comparisons and logistic regression were used to estimate the association between the total LES score and the odds of achieving adequate GWG. RESULT Among the 725 women, those with adequate GWG had lower median LES scores (5) compared to women with inadequate (7) and excessive (7) GWG, p = 0.02. After adjusting for age, initial BMI, income, education, marital status and gestational diabetes, lower LES scores (multiples of the median) were associated with adequate GWG (aOR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67-0.98). CONCLUSION Lower reported stress, as measured by the LES, was associated with a greater chance of women achieving adequate GWG. This relationship highlights the potential for interventions directed toward psychosocial support to have salutary effects upon GWG.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - William Grobman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Emma Adam
- Department of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - Claudia Buss
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA,Charite, Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennifer Culhane
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children’s Hospital of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA,Charite, Universitatsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hyagriv Simhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Pathik D. Wadhwa
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | | | - Lauren Keenan-Devlin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System and University of Chicago Priztker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Ann Borders
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System and University of Chicago Priztker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hosseindoust A, Choi Y, Oh S, Kim M, Kim KY, Hwang S, Bu M, Baidoo SK, Chae BJ, Kim JS. 79 Effects of Age at First Breeding and Dietary Energy Level during the Rearing Period of Replacement Gilts. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky073.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Hosseindoust
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - Y Choi
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - S Oh
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - M Kim
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - K Y Kim
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - S Hwang
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - M Bu
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | | | - B J Chae
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| | - J S Kim
- Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea, Republic of (South)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Salehi F, Goers AJ, Hine GA, Feder L, Kuk D, Miao B, Woodbury D, Kim KY, Milchberg HM. MeV electron acceleration at 1 kHz with <10 mJ laser pulses: erratum. Opt Lett 2018; 43:1610. [PMID: 29601042 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.001610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this erratum the funding section of Opt. Lett.42, 215 (2017)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.42.000215 has been updated.
Collapse
|
36
|
Oh TW, Do HJ, Kim KY, Park KI, Ma JY. Leaves of Acer palmatum thumb. Rescues N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)-Induced retinal degeneration in mice. Phytomedicine 2018; 42:51-55. [PMID: 29655697 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2018.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the East Asia, the genus Acer (Aceraceae) is a herbal medicine that is used to treat various diseases, including hemostasis, hepatic disorders, traumatic bleeding and poor eyesight. However, the effects of Acer palmatum thumb. on retinal degeneration are unknown. AIM In this study, we investigated whether Acer palmatum thumb.ethanol extract (KIOM-2015E) can protect eyes from retinal degeneration. Our research investigated whether KIOM-2015E could have a protective effect in the retinal degenerating mouse model induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU). MATERIALS AND METHODS Retinal degeneration was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of ENU in ICR mice. KIOM-2015E (100, 200 mg/kg) was orally administered once per day. The eyeballs were embedded and lysed after drug administration to examine the histological changed and protein expression levels. RESULTS The ENU-induced retinal degeneration model exhibited increased photoreceptor cell death and a loss of the outer nuclear layer. Additionally, the expression of PKCα and OPN1SW was reduced, and that of GFAP and Nestin was increased in ENU-treated retinal tissues. CONCLUSION KIOM-2015E treatment ameliorated the ENU-induced retinal degeneration. KIOM-2015E prevents ENU-induced retinal degeneration by modulating protein expression and the thickness of the outer nuclear layer in the retina.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Woo Oh
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Ju Do
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jin Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 70 Cheomdan-ro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jang MH, Kim KY, Song PH, Baek SY, Seo HL, Lee EH, Lee SG, Park KI, Ahn SC, Kim SC, Kim YW. Moutan Cortex Protects Hepatocytes against Oxidative Injury through AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:797-806. [PMID: 28566623 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Moutan Cortex, the root bark of Paeonia suffruticosa ANDREWS in Ranunculaceae, has widely demonstrated analgesic, anti-spasmodic, and anti-inflammatory effects in various cancer and immune cell lines. Oxidative stress is associated with development of several diseases, including liver disease. We prepared the water extract of Moutan Cortex (MCE) to investigate the cytoprotective activities and its mechanism. MCE protected hepatocytes from arachidonic acid (AA)+iron induced oxidative stress, as indicated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell viability analysis. MCE also suppressed mitochondrial dysfunction in AA+iron-treated human hepatocyte-derived hepatocellular carcinoma cell line, HepG2 cells. In addition, MCE treatment induces AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and liver kinase B1 phosphorylation, which play a role in inhibition of oxidative stress induced cell death. Moreover, one of the MCE compounds, chlorogenic acid, exerted protective effects against oxidative stress and apoptosis. Taken together, MCE protected hepatocytes against AA+iron-induced oxidative stress through AMPK activation, and may be a candidate for the treatment of liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Jang
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Phil Hyun Song
- Department of Urology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine
| | - Su Youn Baek
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Hye Lim Seo
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Eun Hye Lee
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University.,Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health and Therapy, Daegu Haany University
| | - Suel-Gi Lee
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM)
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine
| | - Sang Chan Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| | - Young Woo Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kim KY, Cho JH, Jung HY, Choi JY, Park SH, Kim CD, Kim YL, Ro H, Lee S, Han SY, Jung CW, Park JB, Kim MS, Yang J, Ahn C. Effect of Changes in Body Mass Index on Cardiovascular Outcomes in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:1038-1042. [PMID: 28583522 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A higher body mass index (BMI) before kidney transplantation (KT) is associated with increased mortality and allograft loss in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). However, the effect of changes in BMI after KT on these outcomes remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of baseline BMI and changes in BMI on clinical outcomes in KTRs. METHODS A total of 869 KTRs were enrolled from a multicenter observational cohort study from 2012 to 2015. Patients were divided into low and high BMI groups before KT based on a BMI cutoff point of 23 kg/m2. Differences in acute rejection and cardiovascular disease (CVD) between the 2 groups were analyzed. In addition, clinical outcomes across the 4 BMI groups divided by BMI change 1 year after KT were compared. Associations between BMI change and laboratory findings were also evaluated. RESULTS Patients with a higher BMI before KT showed significantly increased CVD after KT (P = .027) compared with patients with a lower BMI. However, among the KTRs with a higher baseline BMI, only persistently higher BMI was associated with increased CVD during the follow-up period (P = .003). Patients with persistently higher BMI had significantly decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased hemoglobin, triglyceride, and hemoglobin A1c levels. Baseline BMI and post-transplantation change in BMI were not related to acute rejection in KTRs. CONCLUSIONS BMI in the 1st year after KT as well as baseline BMI were associated with CVD in KTRs. More careful monitoring of obese KTRs who do not undergo a reduction in BMI after KT is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - C-D Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y-L Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - H Ro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University, Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - S-Y Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keimyung University, Dongsan Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - C W Jung
- Department of Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J B Park
- Department of Surgery, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - M S Kim
- Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - J Yang
- Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - C Ahn
- Transplantation Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Yang Y, Kim KY, Hwang I, Yim T, Do W, Kim MJ, Lee S, Jung HY, Choi JY, Park SH, Kim YL, Kim CD, Cho JH. Cystatin C-Based Equation for Predicting the Glomerular Filtration Rate in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Transplant Proc 2018; 49:1018-1022. [PMID: 28583518 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2017.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Precise monitoring of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is needed to estimate the allograft function in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The GFR is widely estimated with the use of formulas based on serum cystatin C (SCys) and serum creatinine (SCr) levels. We compared the efficacy of SCys-based equations with that of SCr-based equations to predict the allograft function. METHODS We calculated the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD), Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI Cr), CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin C (CKD-EPI Cr/Cys), and CKD-EPI cystatin C (CKD-EP ICys) equations in 70 KTRs. The measured GFR (mGFR) was defined as the GFR estimated by technetium-99m-diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) clearance. The accuracy and precision of the equations were compared with the mGFR. The performance characteristics of SCr and SCys were analyzed with the use of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to ascertain the sensitivity and specificity at the cutoff value of <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 DTPA. RESULTS Overall, MDRD and CKD-EPICys did not show significant differences from mGFR (P = .05 and P = .077, respectively), whereas CKD-EPI Cr and CKD-EPI Cr/Cys significantly underestimated mGFR (P < .001 and P = .005, respectively). In the subgroup of patients with mGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2, CKD-EPI Cys showed little bias (P = .122), whereas MDRD significantly underestimated mGFR (P = .037). The area under the ROC curve for predicting mGFR <45 mL/min/1.73 m2 was 0.80 for SCys, which was better than that for SCr at 0.763. CONCLUSIONS Cystatin C-based equations showed better predictive performance of the allograft function than creatinine-based equations for the KTRs, including patients with lower GFR. Cystatin C level might be a good alternate measurement to monitor the allograft function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - I Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - T Yim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - W Do
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - H-Y Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-Y Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - S-H Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Y-L Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - C-D Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - J-H Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Park KI, Lee MR, Oh TW, Kim KY, Ma JY. Antibacterial activity and effects of Colla corii asini on Salmonella typhimurium invasion in vitro and in vivo. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:520. [PMID: 29202825 PMCID: PMC5715514 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-2020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a foodborne pathogen that triggers inflammatory responses in the intestines of humans and livestock. Colla corii asini is a traditional medicine used to treat gynecologic and chronic diseases in Korea and China. However, the antibacterial activity of Colla corii asini has been unknown. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity and effects of Colla corii asini extract on Salmonella typhimurium invasion. Methods To tested for antibacterial effects of Colla corii asini extracts, we confirmed the agar diffusion using Luria solid broth medium. Also, we determined the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) and the MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) value of the Colla corii asini ethanol extract (CEE) by using two-fold serial dilution methods. We evaluated the expression of salmonella invasion proteins including SipA, SipB and SipC by using Western blot and qPCR at the concentration of CEE without inhibition of bacterial growth. In vitro and vivo, we determined the inhibitory effect of invasion of S. typhimurium on CEE by using gentamicin assay and S. typhimurium-infected mice. Results CEE significantly inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhimurium in an agar diffuse assay and had an MIC of 0.78 mg/ml and an MBC of 1.56 mg/ml. Additionally, CEE reduced Salmonella typhimurium cell invasion via the inhibition of Salmonella typhimurium invasion proteins, such as SipA, SipB and SipC. Furthermore, CEE significantly suppressed invasion in the small intestines (ilea) of mice injected with Salmonella typhimurium. Conclusion These findings show that Colla corii asini exerts antibacterial activity and suppresses Salmonella typhimurium invasion in vitro and in vivo. Together, these findings demonstrate that Colla corii asini is a potentially useful therapeutic herbal medicine for treating salmonella-mediated diseases.
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim SH, Kim KY, Park SG, Yu SN, Kim YW, Nam HW, An HH, Kim YW, Ahn SC. Mitochondrial ROS activates ERK/autophagy pathway as a protected mechanism against deoxypodophyllotoxin-induced apoptosis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:111581-111596. [PMID: 29340076 PMCID: PMC5762344 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxypodophyllotoxin (DPT) is a naturally occurring flavolignan isolated from Anthriscus sylvestris. Recently, it has been reported that DPT inhibits tubulin polymerization and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest followed by apoptosis through multiple cellular processes. Despite these findings, details regarding the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the DPT-mediated cell death have been poorly understood. To define a mechanism of DPT-mediated cell death response, we examined whether DPT activates signaling pathways for autophagy and apoptosis. We demonstrated that DPT inhibited cell viability and induced apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines, as evidenced by a mitochondrial membrane potential and expression of apoptosis-related proteins. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), primarily generated from the mitochondria, play an important role in various cellular responses, such as apoptosis and autophagy. DPT significantly triggered mitochondrial ROS, which were detected by MitoSOX, a selective fluorescent dye of mitochondria-derived ROS. Furthermore, DPT induced autophagy through an up-regulation of autophagic biomarkers, including a conversion of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 - I (LC3-I) into LC3-II and a formation of acidic vesicular organelles. Moreover, mitochondrial ROS promoted AKT-independent autophagy and ERK signaling. The inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine or LC3 knockdown enhanced DPT-induced apoptosis, suggesting that an autophagy plays a protective role in cell survival against apoptotic prostate cancer cells. Additionally, the results from an in vivo xenograft model confirmed that DPT inhibited tumor growth by regulating the apoptosis- and autophagy-related proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hun Kim
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Sul-Gi Park
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Wook Kim
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Won Nam
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Hee An
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.,Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shin HK, Kim KY, Park JW, No KT. Use of metal/metal oxide spherical cluster and hydroxyl metal coordination complex for descriptor calculation in development of nanoparticle cytotoxicity classification model. SAR QSAR Environ Res 2017; 28:875-888. [PMID: 29189078 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1400998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Computational approaches have been suggested as an informative tool for risk assessment of nanomaterials. Nano (quantitative) structure-activity relationship, nano-(Q)SAR, models have been developed to predict toxicity of metal oxide (MOx) nanoparticles (NPs); however, the packing structure and cluster of nanoparticle have been included for the descriptor calculation in only two studies. This study proposed spherical cluster and hydroxyl metal coordination complex to calculate descriptors for development of nanoparticle cytotoxicity classification model. The model cluster was generated from metal (M) or MOx crystal structure to calculate physicochemical properties of M/MOx NPs and the hydroxyl metal coordination complex was used to calculate the properties of the metal cation in an aqueous environment. Data were collected for 2 M and 19 MOx NPs in human bronchial epithelial cell lines and murine myeloid cell lines at 100 μg/ml after 24 hours exposure. The model was developed with scaled HOMO energy of the model cluster and polarizability of the hydroxyl metal coordination complex, as reactivity of the particles and the cations explained cause of cytotoxic action by M/MOx NPs. As the developed model achieved 90.31% accuracy, the classification model in this work can be used for virtual screening of toxic action of M/MOx NPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H K Shin
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- b Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center , Yonsei Engineering Research Park , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - J W Park
- c Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry , Korea Institute of Toxicology , Jinju-si , Gyeongsangnam-do , Republic of Korea
| | - K T No
- a Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology , Yonsei University , Seoul , Republic of Korea
- b Bioinformatics and Molecular Design Research Center , Yonsei Engineering Research Park , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Miller GE, Culhane J, Grobman W, Simhan H, Williamson D, Adam EK, Buss C, Entringer S, Kim KY, Garcia-Espana JF, Keenan-Devlin L, McDade TW, Wadhwa PD, Borders A. Mothers' childhood hardship forecasts adverse pregnancy outcomes: Role of inflammatory, lifestyle, and psychosocial pathways. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 65:11-19. [PMID: 28450221 PMCID: PMC5537016 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Research suggests the health consequences of economic hardship can be transmitted across generations. Some of these disparities are thought to be passed to offspring during gestation. But this hypothesis has not been tested in contemporary American samples, and the mechanisms of transmission have not been characterized. Accordingly, this study had two goals: first, to determine if women exposed to economic hardship during childhood showed higher rates of adverse birth outcomes; and second, to evaluate the contribution of inflammation, psychosocial, lifestyle, and obstetric characteristics to this phenomenon. This prospective study enrolled 744 women with singleton pregnancies (59.1% White; 16.3% Black; 18.7% Latina; 5.9% Other). Childhood economic hardship was measured by self-report. Birth outcomes included length of gestation and incidence of preterm birth; birth weight percentile and small for gestational age; length of hospital stay and admission to Special Care Nursery. Analyses revealed that mothers' childhood economic hardship was independently associated with multiple adverse birth outcomes, even following adjustment for demographics, maternal education, and obstetrical confounders. Women raised in economically disadvantaged conditions had shorter gestation length and higher preterm delivery rates. Their babies had lower birth weights, were more likely to be small for gestational age, stayed in the hospital longer, and had more Special Care Nursery admissions. Mediation analyses suggested these associations arose through multiple pathways, and highlighted roles for inflammation, education, adiposity, and obstetric complications. Collectively, these findings suggest that childhood economic hardship predisposes women to adverse birth outcomes, and highlights likely behavioral and biological mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory E. Miller
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University,Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University
| | - Jennifer Culhane
- Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Adolescent Medicine,Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine
| | - William Grobman
- Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Hyagriv Simhan
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,Division of Obstetrical Services, Magee Women’s Hospital
| | | | - Emma K. Adam
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University,School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern University
| | - Claudia Buss
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine,Institute of Medical Psychology, Charite University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonja Entringer
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine,Institute of Medical Psychology, Charite University of Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | | | - Lauren Keenan-Devlin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine
| | - Thomas W. McDade
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University,Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University
| | - Pathik D. Wadhwa
- Development, Health and Disease Research Program, University of California, Irvine
| | - Ann Borders
- Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NorthShore University Health System, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine,Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Kim SH, Son KM, Kim KY, Yu SN, Park SG, Kim YW, Nam HW, Suh JT, Ji JH, Ahn SC. Deoxypodophyllotoxin induces cytoprotective autophagy against apoptosis via inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in osteosarcoma U2OS cells. Pharmacol Rep 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
45
|
Shin YK, Kim KY. Macelignan inhibits bee pathogenic fungi Ascophaera apis growth through HOG1 pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 49:S0100-879X2016000700607. [PMID: 27383123 PMCID: PMC4942228 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis is a bee pathogen that causes bee larvae infection disease, to which treatment is not yet well investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate antifungal susceptibility in vitro against A. apis and to identify a new antifungal agent for this pathogen through minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and western blot analysis. Macelignan had 1.56 and 3.125 μg/mL MIC against A. apis after 24 and 48 h, respectively, exhibiting the strongest growth inhibition against A. apis among the tested compounds (corosolic acid, dehydrocostus lactone, loganic acid, tracheloside, fangchinoline and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside). Furthermore, macelignan showed a narrow-ranged spectrum against various fungal strains without any mammalian cell cytotoxicity. In spite of miconazole having powerful broad-ranged anti-fungal activity including A. apis, it demonstrated strong cytotoxicity. Therefore, even if macelignan alone was effective as an antifungal agent to treat A. apis, combined treatment with miconazole was more useful to overcome toxicity, drug resistance occurrence and cost effectiveness. Finally, HOG1 was revealed as a target molecule of macelignan in the anti-A. apis activity by inhibiting phosphorylation using S. cerevisiae as a model system. Based on our results, macelignan, a food-grade antimicrobial compound, would be an effective antifungal agent against A. apis infection in bees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y K Shin
- College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kim KY, Park KI, Kim SH, Yu SN, Park SG, Kim YW, Seo YK, Ma JY, Ahn SC. Inhibition of Autophagy Promotes Salinomycin-Induced Apoptosis via Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK/p38 MAPK-Dependent Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18051088. [PMID: 28524116 PMCID: PMC5454997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18051088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the interplay between autophagy and apoptosis has become an important factor in chemotherapy for cancer treatment. Inhibition of autophagy may be an effective strategy to improve the treatment of chemo-resistant cancer by consistent exposure to chemotherapeutic drugs. However, no reports have clearly elucidated the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, in this study, we assessed whether salinomycin, a promising anticancer drug, induces apoptosis and elucidated potential antitumor mechanisms in chemo-resistant prostate cancer cells. Cell viability assay, Western blot, annexin V/propidium iodide assay, acridine orange (AO) staining, caspase-3 activity assay, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondrial membrane potential were assayed. Our data showed that salinomycin alters the sensitivity of prostate cancer cells to autophagy. Pretreatment with 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, enhanced the salinomycin-induced apoptosis. Notably, salinomycin decreased phosphorylated of AKT and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in prostate cancer cells. Pretreatment with LY294002, an autophagy and PI3K inhibitor, enhanced the salinomycin-induced apoptosis by decreasing the AKT and mTOR activities and suppressing autophagy. However, pretreatment with PD98059 and SB203580, an extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), and p38 inhibitors, suppressed the salinomycin-induced autophagy by reversing the upregulation of ERK and p38. In addition, pretreatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, inhibited salinomycin-induced autophagy by suppressing ROS production. Our results suggested that salinomycin induces apoptosis, which was related to ROS-mediated autophagy through regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR and ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea.
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Il Park
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Sang-Hun Kim
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Sun-Nyoung Yu
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Sul-Gi Park
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| | - Young Woo Kim
- Department of Herbal Formula, Medical Research Center (MRC-GHF), College of Oriental Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan 38610, Korea.
| | - Young-Kyo Seo
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 44919, Korea.
| | - Jin-Yeul Ma
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), Daegu 41062, Korea.
| | - Soon-Cheol Ahn
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
- Immunoregulatory Therapeutics Group in Brain Busan 21 Project, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Go DH, Lee YG, Lee DH, Kim JA, Jo IH, Han YS, Jo YH, Kim KY, Seo YK, Moon JH, Jung CH, Jeon TI. 3-Decylcatechol induces autophagy-mediated cell death through the IRE1α/JNK/p62 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:58790-58800. [PMID: 28938597 PMCID: PMC5601693 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural, phenolic lipid urushiol exhibits both antioxidant and anticancer activities; however, its biological activity on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been previously investigated. Here, we demonstrate that an urushiol derivative, 3-decylcatechol (DC), induces human HCC Huh7 cell death by induction of autophagy. DC initiates the autophagic process by activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway via Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1, leading to autophagosome formation. The autophagy inhibitor, chloroquine, suppressed autolysosome formation and cell death induction by DC, indicating an autophagic cell death. Interestingly, DC also activated the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response that promotes autophagy via p62 transcriptional activation involving the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/c-Jun N-terminal kinase/c-jun pathway. We also show that cytosolic calcium mobilization is necessary for the ER stress response and autophagy induction by DC. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which this urushiol derivative induces autophagic cell death in HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hye Go
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Geon Lee
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Hye Lee
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-A Kim
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwa Jo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Soo Han
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hun Jo
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Environmentally-Friendly Agriculture (IEFA), College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Kyo Seo
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Moon
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Research Group of Metabolic Mechanism, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Il Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Yu SN, Kim SH, Kim KY, Ji JH, Seo YK, Yu HS, Ahn SC. Salinomycin induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated autophagy and apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species in human glioma U87MG cells. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:3321-3328. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
49
|
Borders AEB, Lai JS, Wolfe K, Qadir S, Peng J, Kim KY, Keenan-Devlin L, Holl J, Grobman W. Using item response theory to optimize measurement of chronic stress in pregnancy. Soc Sci Res 2017; 64:214-225. [PMID: 28364845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Utilize Rasch analysis to develop an optimized self-reported measure of stress in pregnancy and examine the association with patient demographics and biologic measures of stress. STUDY DESIGN Measured self-reported stress in pregnant women using 12 existing scales. Collected blood for biologic measures of stress (Epstein Barr Virus [EBV], C-Reactive Protein [CRP], Corticotropin Reactive Hormone [pCRH], and Adenocorticotropin Hormone [ACTH]). Used multidimensional scaling and Rasch analysis to produce an item reduced self-report measure. RESULTS Enrolled 112 women. Survey items reduced to two factors: perceived stressors and buffers of stress. Women with a domestic partner had lower perceived stress (p = 0.003). Caucasian women reported higher buffers of stress (p = 0.045), as did women with private insurance (p < 0.001), a planned pregnancy (p < 0.01), and a domestic partner (p < 0.001). Women with higher buffers of stress had lower levels of pCRH (adjusted p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Item reduced, optimized measures of stress were associated with significant differences in patient demographics and biologic measures of stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann E B Borders
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Evanston IL, United States; University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago IL, United States; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medical Social Sciences, Chicago IL, United States; Center for Healthcare Studies, Chicago IL, United States.
| | - Jin-Shei Lai
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Medical Social Sciences, Chicago IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Kaitlin Wolfe
- Center for Healthcare Studies, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Sameen Qadir
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Evanston IL, United States
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Kwang-Youn Kim
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Chicago IL, United States
| | - Lauren Keenan-Devlin
- NorthShore University HealthSystem, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Evanston IL, United States
| | - Jane Holl
- Center for Healthcare Studies, Chicago IL, United States; Department of Preventative Medicine, Chicago IL, United States; Department of Pediatrics, Chicago IL, United States
| | - William Grobman
- Center for Healthcare Studies, Chicago IL, United States; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chicago IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kim SR, Kim KY, Jeong JS, Kim MJ, Kim KH, Choi KH, Kim I. Population genetic characterization of the Japanese oak silkmoth, Antheraea yamamai (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), using novel microsatellite markers and mitochondrial DNA gene sequences. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-02-gmr.16029608. [PMID: 28407192 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16029608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The Japanese oak silkmoth, Antheraea yamamai Guérin-Méneville, 1861 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), is an important natural resource of industrial value for silk fiber production. Owing to a lack of geographic and population genetic information, systematic domestication of An. yamamai has not been possible yet. In this study, 10 microsatellite markers developed using next-generation sequencing and two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene sequences (COI and ND4) were used to investigate the genetic variation and geographic structure of An. yamamai populations in South Korea. The two mtDNA gene sequences revealed very low total genetic variation and, consequently, low geographic variation, validating the use of more variable molecular markers. Genotyping of 76 An. yamamai individuals from nine localities in South Korea showed that the observed number of alleles at each locus ranged from 3 to 26, the polymorphism information content was 0.2990-0.9014, the observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.3252-0.9076 and 0.2500-0.9054, respectively, and FIS was -0.654-0.520. The population-based FIS, FST, RST, and global Mantel tests all suggested that the An. yamamai populations were overall well-interconnected, suggesting that any population can be used as a genetic source for domestication. Nevertheless, STRUCTURE analyses using microsatellite data and mtDNA sequences indicated the presence of two genetic pools in many populations, although a plausible explanation for this observation requires further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S R Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Jeong
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - M J Kim
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - K-H Kim
- C & K Genomics Inc., Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - K H Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun, Republic of Korea
| | - I Kim
- College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, 300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|