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Shin YK, Kim KY. Macelignan inhibits bee pathogenic fungi Ascophaera apis growth through HOG1 pathway. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 49:S0100-879X2016000700607. [PMID: 27383123 PMCID: PMC4942228 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20165313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ascosphaera apis is a bee pathogen that causes bee larvae infection disease, to which treatment is not yet well investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate antifungal susceptibility in vitro against A. apis and to identify a new antifungal agent for this pathogen through minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay and western blot analysis. Macelignan had 1.56 and 3.125 μg/mL MIC against A. apis after 24 and 48 h, respectively, exhibiting the strongest growth inhibition against A. apis among the tested compounds (corosolic acid, dehydrocostus lactone, loganic acid, tracheloside, fangchinoline and emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside). Furthermore, macelignan showed a narrow-ranged spectrum against various fungal strains without any mammalian cell cytotoxicity. In spite of miconazole having powerful broad-ranged anti-fungal activity including A. apis, it demonstrated strong cytotoxicity. Therefore, even if macelignan alone was effective as an antifungal agent to treat A. apis, combined treatment with miconazole was more useful to overcome toxicity, drug resistance occurrence and cost effectiveness. Finally, HOG1 was revealed as a target molecule of macelignan in the anti-A. apis activity by inhibiting phosphorylation using S. cerevisiae as a model system. Based on our results, macelignan, a food-grade antimicrobial compound, would be an effective antifungal agent against A. apis infection in bees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Shin
- College of Life Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
| | - K Y Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Oh NS, Lee JY, Joung JY, Kim SG, Shin YK. 0554 Improved functionality of fermented milk is mediated by the symbiotic interaction between Cudrania tricuspidata leaf extract and Lactobacillus gasseri strains. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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3
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Oh NS, Lee JY, Joung JY, Shin YK. 0521 Chemical characteristics and enhanced hepatoprotective activities of Maillard-reaction products derived from milk protein-sugar system. J Anim Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.2527/jam2016-0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Golkaram
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Y. K. Shin
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - A. C. T. van Duin
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Oh NS, Kwon HS, Lee HA, Joung JY, Lee JY, Lee KB, Shin YK, Baick SC, Park MR, Kim Y, Lee KW, Kim SH. Preventive effect of fermented Maillard reaction products from milk proteins in cardiovascular health. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:3300-13. [PMID: 24731635 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the dual effect of Maillard reaction and fermentation on the preventive cardiovascular effects of milk proteins. Maillard reaction products (MRP) were prepared from the reaction between milk proteins, such as whey protein concentrates (WPC) and sodium caseinate (SC), and lactose. The hydrolysates of MRP were obtained from fermentation by lactic acid bacteria (LAB; i.e., Lactobacillus gasseri H10, L. gasseri H11, Lactobacillus fermentum H4, and L. fermentum H9, where human-isolated strains were designated H1 to H15), which had excellent proteolytic and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (>20%). The antioxidant activity of MRP was greater than that of intact proteins in assays of the reaction with 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt and trivalent ferric ions; moreover, the effect of MRP was synergistically improved by fermentation. The Maillard reaction dramatically increased the level of antithrombotic activity and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGR) inhibitory effect of milk proteins, but did not change the level of activity for micellar cholesterol solubility. Furthermore, specific biological properties were enhanced by fermentation. Lactobacillus gasseri H11 demonstrated the greatest activity for thrombin and HMGR inhibition in Maillard-reacted WPC, by 42 and 33%, respectively, whereas hydrolysates of Maillard-reacted SC fermented by L. fermentum H9 demonstrated the highest reduction rate for micellar cholesterol solubility, at 52%. In addition, the small compounds that were likely released by fermentation of MRP were identified by size-exclusion chromatography. Therefore, MRP and hydrolysates of fermented MRP could be used to reduce cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Oh
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea; Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - H S Kwon
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - H A Lee
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea
| | - J Y Joung
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea
| | - J Y Lee
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea
| | - K B Lee
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea
| | - Y K Shin
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea
| | - S C Baick
- R&D Center, Seoul Dairy Cooperative, Ansan, Kyunggi 425-839, South Korea
| | - M R Park
- BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute of Rare Earth for Biological Application, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea
| | - Y Kim
- BK21 Plus Graduate Program, Department of Animal Science and Institute of Rare Earth for Biological Application, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, South Korea
| | - K W Lee
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Division of Food Bioscience and Technology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
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Park KH, Zeon SR, Lee JG, Choi SH, Shin YK, Park KI. In vitro and in vivo efficacy of drugs against the protozoan parasite Azumiobodo hoyamushi that causes soft tunic syndrome in the edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi (Drasche). J Fish Dis 2014; 37:309-317. [PMID: 23952334 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/04/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
It was discovered recently that infection by a protozoan parasite, Azumiobodo hoyamushi, is the most probable cause for soft tunic syndrome in an edible ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi (Drasche). In an attempt to develop measures to eradicate the causative parasite, various drugs were tested for efficacy in vitro and in vivo. Of the 20 antiprotozoal drugs having different action mechanisms, five were found potent (24-h EC50 < 10 mg L(-1) ) in their parasite-killing effects: formalin, H2 O2 , bithionol, ClO2 and bronopol. Moderately potent drugs (10 < 24-h EC50 < 100 mg L(-1) ) were quinine, fumagillin, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, povidone-iodine, chloramine-T and benzalkonium chloride. Seven compounds, metronidazole, albendazole, paromomycin, nalidixic acid, sulfamonomethoxine, KMnO4 , potassium monopersulphate and citric acid, exhibited EC50 > 100 mg L(-1) . When ascidians were artificially infected with A. hoyamushi, treated using 40 mg L(-1) formalin, bronopol, ClO2 , or H2 O2 for 1 h and then monitored for 24 h, very low mortality was observed. However, the number of surviving parasite cells in the ascidian tunic tissues was significantly reduced by treating with 40 mg L(-1) formalin or ClO2 for 1 h. The data suggest that we might be able to develop a disinfection measure using a treatment regimen involving commonly available drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Park
- Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Kunsan National University, Gunsan City, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Park JY, Jang SY, Shin YK, Koh H, Suh DJ, Shinji T, Araki T, Park HT. Mitochondrial swelling and microtubule depolymerization are associated with energy depletion in axon degeneration. Neuroscience 2013; 238:258-69. [PMID: 23485808 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although mitochondrial dysfunction is intimately related to axonal degeneration following nerve injury, the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial swelling and its mechanistic relation to axonal degeneration are largely unknown. Previous studies have demonstrated that axonal degeneration in the injured peripheral nerves shows two morphologically distinct phases: (1) A latency period (∼24h), in which the morphology of axonal cytoskeletons seems unchanged, followed by (2) an execution period (36-48h), which shows a catastrophic granular degeneration of most axonal structures in rodent axons. In the present study, we found that, in the sciatic nerve axotomy model, energy failure and microtubule depolymerization occurred during the latency period whereas mitochondrial swelling and neurofilament degradation started in the execution period. The energy repletion with NAD or an NAD/pyruvate mixture inhibited microtubule depolymerization, mitochondrial swelling and axonal degeneration in transected sciatic nerve axons. In addition, microtubule perturbing agents enhanced axonal degeneration and mitochondrial swelling. Extracellular calcium chelation did not affect energy failure, microtubule depolymerization or mitochondrial swelling, but it did prevent neurofilament degradation. These findings suggest that an early disturbance in energy dynamics regardless of mitochondrial swelling might be a key trigger for the initiation of axonal degeneration and that extracellular calcium influx is a late effector for neurofilament degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Park
- Department of Physiology, Mitochondria Hub Regulation Center, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Oh ST, Zheng L, Shin YK, An BK, Kang CW. Effects of dietary persimmon peel and its ethanol extract on the production performance and liver lipids in the late stage of egg production in laying hens. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2013; 26:260-5. [PMID: 25049785 PMCID: PMC4093163 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2012.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Revised: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary effects of persimmon peel (PP) and PP ethanol extract (PPE) on egg production, egg quality, and liver lipids in the late stage of egg production in laying hens. One hundred and twenty 50-wk-old Hy-Line Brown layers (n = 120) were fed different diets. Four replicate groups of 6 hens each were randomly assigned to 5 dietary treatments. The 5 dietary treatments were as follows: i) CON, basal diet; ii) PP 0.15, CON+0.15% PP (0.035% tannin); iii) PP 0.5, CON +0.5% PP (0.117% tannin); iv) PPE 0.075, CON+0.075% PPE (0.03% tannin); and v) PPE 0.25, CON+0.25% PPE (0.11% tannin). The total tannin concentration of PPE was higher (p<0.05) than that of PP. Egg production in the PP 0.5 group was higher than in the other groups. Egg production and mass of hens in the PPE 0.25 group showed a greater decrease than that in the other groups (p<0.05). Eggshell color in the PP 0.15, PP 0.5, and PPE 0.075 groups was lighter than that of the control group (p<0.05). The Haugh unit for the groups that were fed PP and PPE were significantly higher than that in the other groups after 7 d of storage (p<0.05). Therefore, PP seems an effective feed additive for improving the production performance and egg quality in late stage laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Oh
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - L Zheng
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - Y K Shin
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - B K An
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
| | - C W Kang
- College of Animal Bioscience and Technology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Korea
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Park S, Shin YK, Song BJ, Chae BJ, Jung SS, Choi YL. Abstract P2-05-02: Clinical significance of microRNA regulator Lin28 expression in patient with early breast cancer. Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p2-05-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Lin28 is an RNA-binding protein that is highly expressed in human embryonic stem (ES) cells. It can facillatate the reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with other stem cell marker proteins (Oct4, Nanog and Sox2). Lin28 regulates the processing of microRNAs including let-7 (Mirlet7) and translation of specific subset of cell cycle-related genes such as IGF-2, OCT4. Recently, it has been suggested that Lin28 expression may contribute to breast cancer metastasis in an animal model (Dangi-Garimellaet al., 2009).
To define clinical impact of Lin 28 in breast cancer, we investigated Lin28 expression in tumors from patients with early breast cancer who underwent curative resection of tumor.
To define prognostic impact of Lin 28 in breast cancer, we investigated Lin28 expression in patients with early breast cancer who underwent curative resection of tumor. In all, 950 slides from paraffin-embedded tissue were available for analysis by Lin28 expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and 78 cases (13.2%) were identified as Lin28-positive. Lin28 positivity was significantly associated with more advanced stage (P < .001), lymph node involvement (P< .001), absence of estrogen receptor expression (P = .002), negative progesterone receptor expression (P = .017), HER2 overexpression (P< .001), higher histologic grade (P = .008), and higher tumor grade (P = .012). The Lin28 positive patients with early breast cancer demonstrated substantially poorer relapse free survival (Lin28+ positive vs. Lin28−(P = 0.013) and trends toward poorer overall survival.
Taken together, a sub-population of breast cancer with Lin28 expression is significantly associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and poor clinical outcome.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-05-02.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YK Shin
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - BJ Song
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - BJ Chae
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SS Jung
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-L Choi
- Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea; Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Haica C, Melo C, Gameiro S, Canavarro MC, Boivin J, Camus M, De Brucker M, Haentjens P, Verheyen G, Collins J, De Brucker M, Camus M, Haentjens P, Verheyen G, Collins J, Tournaye H, Sart Z, Belen S, Ertuzun I, Borkan B, Koksal F, Jiskoot LG, de Niet JE, van Busschbach JJ, van Stigt VWHC, van Egmond AME, Verbiest ACM, Nugteren S, de Klerk C, Laven JSE, Galhardo A, Cunha M, Pinto-Gouveia J, Ludwig O, Ludwig S, Kentenich H, Kadota T, Terada S, Yoshioka N, Habara T, Hayashi N, Jung JH, Won MY, Shin YK, Kang YJ, Lee DH, Kim JW, Yang SH, Lim JH, Aarts J, van Oers AM, Faber MJ, Nelen WL, van Dulmen AM, Kremer JAM, EL Gelany S, Khalifa H, Nehir A, Cali H, Yuksel B, Gungor Ugurlucan F, Bastu E, Ergun B. PSYCHOLOGY AND COUNSELLING. Hum Reprod 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/27.s2.85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kwon MJ, Park S, Choi JY, Oh E, Kim YJ, Park YH, Cho EY, Kwon MJ, Nam SJ, Im YH, Shin YK, Choi YL. Clinical significance of CD151 overexpression in subtypes of invasive breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:923-30. [PMID: 22294188 PMCID: PMC3306846 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: CD151 is a member of the tetraspanin family, which interacts with laminin-binding integrins and other tetraspanins. This protein is implicated in motility, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells, but the prevalence of CD151 expression in subtypes of breast cancers and its influence on clinical outcome remains to be evaluated. Methods and results: The immunohistochemistry-based tissue microarray analysis showed that 127 (14.3%) cases overexpressed CD151 among 886 breast cancer patients. CD151 overexpression was found to be significantly associated with larger tumour size, higher nodal stage, advanced stage, absence of oestrogen receptor and progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression. CD151 overexpression resulted in poorer overall survival (OS) (P<0.001) and disease-free survival (P=0.02), and stage II and III patients with CD151 overexpression demonstrated substantially poorer OS (P=0.0474 and 0.0169). In the five subtypes analyses, CD151 overexpression retained its adverse impact on OS in the Luminal A (P=0.0105) and quintuple-negative breast cancer (QNBC) subtypes, one subgroup of triple-negative breast cancer (P=0.0170). Multivariate analysis that included stage, subtype, and adjuvant chemotherapy showed that CD151 overexpression was independently associated with poor OS in invasive breast cancer. Conclusion: CD151 overexpression may be a potential molecular therapeutic target for breast cancer, especially in QNBC subtype and more advanced stages of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Kwon
- Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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Jung HS, Choi YL, Choi JS, Roh JH, Pyon JK, Woo KJ, Lee EH, Jang KT, Han J, Park CS, Park YS, Shin YK. Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinomas and small cell carcinomas by PCR and immunohistochemistry. Histol Histopathol 2011; 26:1231-41. [PMID: 21870327 DOI: 10.14670/hh-26.1231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the clonal integration of a new human polyomavirus (Merkel cell polyomavirus or MCPyV) has been reported in Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). In order to investigate the presence of MCPyV in small cell carcinomas (SCCs) and small round cell tumors (SRCTs), we collected formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue specimens including 14 MCCs, 24 SCCs, 7 Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumors (ES/PNETs) and 5 neuroblastomas. We also collected specimens of other cancers including 12 malignant melanomas, 10 breast, 10 ovarian and 20 gastric cancers. We used 3 primer sets for which the sequences were previously published (LT1, LT3, and VP1) and 3 newly designed primer sets (LT1-1, LT1-1a, and LT3a). Quantitative real-time PCR was also performed with the LTq primer set. Nested PCR using the LT3a primer set detected more cases of MCPyV infection in MCC. In total, 12 of 14 (85.7%) MCC cases were positive for MCPyV by PCR, which was consistent with published data. Some SCC specimens were also positive for MCPyV (37.5%) by PCR. PCR products from MCC and SCC cases showed premature truncation and frameshift mutation. Furthermore, one case of ES/PNET and one gastric carcinoma showed MCPyV DNA. However, MCPyV DNA and transcript were only detected in MCCs with quantitative real-time PCR analysis. In addition, 11 of 13 (84.6%) MCC cases and 6 of 23 (26.1%) SCC cases showed immunoreactivity with monoclonal antibodies against MCPyV large T-antigen. Considering both PCR and IHC results, MCPyV was detected in all MCCs tested. The presence of MCPyV in all MCC cases tested and in some SCC cases suggests that MCPyV may be involved in the malignant transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jung
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
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Park S, Shin YK, Cho EY, Hong SH, Choi YL. Abstract P4-09-03: The Clinical Characteristics of HER2 Positive Early Breast Cancer with Basal Marker Co-Expression. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p4-09-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Basal-like breast cancer, as defined by gene expression profiling, is associated with aggressive phenotype and poor clinical outcome. Recent immunohistochemical validation suggested that basal-like subtype could be characterized by staining for cytokeratin (CK) 5/6 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs). Most of studies evaluated surrogate immunopannel of biomarkers to define basal-like breast cancer subtypes only in the TNBCs, although not all basal-like breast cancers are triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs). The significance of basal marker expression in other than triple negative breast cancer remains to be evaluated. To define prognostic impact of basal marker expression in HER2 positive breast cancer, we investigated cytokeratin (CK) 5/6 and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in patients with HER2 positive early breast cancer.
Patients and Methods:
Biomarker evaluation was performed using five immunohistochemical surrogate panel of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), HER2, CK 5/6 and EGFR in HER2 positive early breast cancers. Amplification of HER2 was confirmed by fluorescent in situ hybridization. HER2-positive breast cancer was classified by expression of basal markers (either EGFR or CK5/6) as “basal HER2- positive” (patients with HER2- positive disease who express basal markers) and “non-basal HER2” (patients with HER2-positive disease who did not express basal markers). We compared the prognostic significance of the basal marker expression between two groups.
RESULTS:
HER2 overexpression was found in 24.8% of early breast cancers with available tissue specimens from the primary tumor (236 of 952 cases). Basal marker co-expression was identified in 12.7% of HER2 positive early breast cancers. (30 of 236 patients) Basal HER2 positive breast cancer was significantly associated with age greater than 50 years (P=0.012), absence of ER (P < 0.001) and PR (P=0.004). The basal marker co-expression in patients with HER2 amplified early breast cancers demonstrated poorer overall survival (basal positive vs. basal negative, 85.6 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 70.8- 100.3 months] vs. 122.3 [C.I. 133.7-139.9], P=0.001) and disease free survival (DFS) (44.6 months [95% CI, 14.7-74.8] vs 110.7 months [95% CI, 96.4-123.9]; P=. 008) respectively. In lymph node positive group, basal marker expression retained its statistical significance at the multivariate level (P=0.047) HER2 positive breast cancer with lymph node involvement with basal marker expression showed substantially poorer overall survival with 2.1-fold (95% CI, 1.0-4.2) risk for death.
CONCLUSION:
Considerable number of HER2 positive breast cancer co-expressed basal markers. Our data demonstrated that simultaneous basal marker expression in HER2 positive early breast cancer is associated with poor clinical outcome. The molecular significance of basal marker expression in HER2 positive breast cancer needs to be further investigated.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-09-03.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Park
- Seoul St. Mary's hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Korea; Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - YK Shin
- Seoul St. Mary's hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Korea; Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - EY Cho
- Seoul St. Mary's hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Korea; Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - SH Hong
- Seoul St. Mary's hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Korea; Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Y-L. Choi
- Seoul St. Mary's hospital, Catholic University School of Medicine, Korea; Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea; Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Versieren K, Heindryckx B, Qian C, Gerris J, De Sutter P, Exposito Navarro A, Ametzazurra A, Nagore D, Crisol L, Aspichueta F, Mendoza R, Matorras R, Garcia MM, Valley JK, Swinton PS, Boscardin WJ, Lue TF, P. Rinaudo, Wu MC, Bern O, Strassburger D, Komarovsky D, Kasterstein E, Komsky A, Maslansky B, Raziel A, Friedler S, Gidoni Y, Ron-El R, Tang J, Fang C, Zhang MF, Li T, Zhuang GL, Suh DS, Joo JK, Choi JR, Kim SC, JO MS, Kim KH, Lee KS, Katz-Jaffe MG, Stevens J, McCormick S, Smith R, Schoolcraft WB, Ben-Ami I, Komsky A, Strassburger D, Bern O, Komarovsky D, Kasterstein E, Maslansky B, Raziel A, Friedler S, Gidoni Y, Ron-El R, Koch J, Costello M, Kilani S, Namm A, Arend A, Aunapuu M, Joo JK, Lee KS, Choi YM, Cho JD, Sipe C, Pelts EJ, Matthews JM, Sanchez SR, Brohammer RLB, Wagner Y, Liebermann J, Uhler M, Beltsos A, Chen MJ, Guu HF, Chen YF, Yih YJ, Ho JYP, Lin TY, Ho ESC, Lopes FB, Figueira RCS, Braga DPAF, Ferreira RC, Aoki T, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Van de Velde H, Cauffman G, Verloes A, De Paepe C, Sterckx J, Van Ranst H, Devroey P, Tournaye H, Liebaers I, Santos MA, Teklenburg G, Macklon NS, Van Opstal D, Schuring-Blom GH, Krijtenburg PJ, de Vreeden-Elbertse J, Fauser BC, Baart EB, Cawood S, Doshi A, Gotts S, Serhal P, Milachich T, Petkova L, Barov D, Shterev A, Esteves TC, Balbach ST, Arauzo-Bravo MJ, Pfeiffer MJ, Boiani M, Le Gac S, van Rossem F, Esteves T, Bioani M, van den Berg A, Valeri C, Pappalardo S, De Felici M, Manna C, Ryu H, Park CY, Min SH, Choi SK, Park C, Lee SH, Kim KR, Jeong H, Chi HJ, Wittemer C, Celebi C, Viville S, Luceno Maestre F, Castilla Alcala JA, Gomez-Palomares JL, Cabello Y, Hernandez J, Marqueta J, Herrero J, Vidal E, Fernandez-Shaw S, Coroleu B, McRae C, Baskind E, Sharma V, Fisher J, Boldi Cotti P, Colasante C, Perego L, De Lauretis L, Montag M, Koster M, Nikolov A, van der Ven H, Lee SG, Lee YC, Kang SM, Kang YJ, Shin YK, Jung JH, Lim JH, Dorfmann A, Carroll K, Sisson M, Geltinger M, Yap S, Iwaszko M, Hara T, Naruse K, Matsuura K, Kodama T, Sato K, Tateaki Y, Tanaka J, Minasi MG, Scarselli F, Rubino P, Casciani V, Colasante A, Lobascio M, Alviggi E, Ferrero S, Litwicka K, Iammarrone E, Cucinelli F, Giannini PG, Tocci A, Nagy ZP, Greco E, Borini A, Tarozzi N, Fiorentin D, Bonu MA, Nadalini M, Johnson J, De Santis L, Bianchi V, Casciani V, Rubino P, Minasi MG, Colasante A, Scarselli F, Lobascio AM, Arizzi L, Iammarrone E, Litwicka K, Ferrero S, Tocci A, Piscitelli C, Cucinelli F, Nagy ZP, Greco E, Mesut N, Ciray HN, Mesut A, Aksoy T, Bahceci M, Lee YM, Chen HW, Wu P, Tzeng CR, Antonova I, Milachich T, Petkova L, Yunakova M, Chaveeva P, A. Shterev, Hlinka D, Dudas M, Rutarova J, Rezacova J, Lazarovska S, Aoi Y, Takahashi H, Saitou H, Takiue C, Kawakami N, Tone M, Hirata R, Terada S, Yoshioka N, Habara T, Hayashi N, Montagut J, Bonald F, Guillen N, Guitard V, Balu-Genvrin E, Crae E, Nogueira D, Silva J, Cunha M, Viana P, Teixeira da Silva JM, Oliveira C, Goncalves A, Barros N, Sousa M, Barros A, van de Werken C, Jahr H, Laven JSE, Baart EB, Gamiz Izquierdo P, De los Santos JM, Tejera A, Pellicer A, Romero JL, Galan A, Albert C, Santos MJDL, Adriaenssens T, Wathlet S, Segers I, Verheyen G, Van De Velde H, Coucke W, Devroey P, Smitz J, Paternot G, D'Hooghe TM, Debrock S, Spiessens C, Hwang HK, Kim HM, Lee JH, Jung YJ, Kang A, Kook MJ, Jung JY, An SJ, Kwon HC, Lee SJ, Somova O, Feskov A, Feskova I, Chumakova N, Zozulina O, Zhilkova YE, Binda M, Campo R, Van Kerkhoven G, Frederickx V, Serneels A, Roziers P, Vranken I, Lopes AS, Van Nuland A, Gordts S, Puttemans P, Valkenburg M, Gordts S, Rodriguez-Arnedo A, Ten J, Guerrero J, Lledo B, Carracedo MA, Ortiz JA, Llacer J, Bernabeu R, Usui K, Nakajo Y, Ota M, Hattori H, Kyoya T, Takisawa T, Kyono K, Ferrieres A, Poulain M, Loup V, Anahory T, Dechaud H, Hamamah S, Eckert J, Premkumar G, Lock F, Brooks S, Haque S, Cameron IT, Cheong Y, Fleming TP, Prados N, Ruiz M, Garcia-Ortega J, Vime P, Hernaez MJ, Crespo M, Fernandez-Sanchez M, Pellicer A, Hashimoto S, Kato N, Saeki K, Morimoto Y, Leung CON, Pang RTK, Liu WM, Lee KF, Yeung WSB, Wada T, Elliott T, Kahn J, Lowderman J, Wright G, Chang C, Bernal D, Kort H, Nagy Z, de los Santos JM, Escrich L, Grau N, Pellicer A, Romero JL, Escriba MJ, Escriba M, Grau N, Escrich L, de los Santos JM, Pellicer A, Romero JL, Tasker F, Hamoda H, Wilner H, Grace J, Khalaf Y, Miyaji S, Mizuno S, Horiuchi L, Haruki A, Fukuda A, Morimoto Y, Utsunomiya T, Kumasako Y, Ito H, Goto K, Koike M, Abe H, Sakamoto T, Kojima F, Koshika T, Muzii L, Magli MC, Gioia L, Scaravelli G, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Capoti A, Magli MC, Lappi M, Maggi E, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Scott L, Finn A, Kloos B, Davies D, Yamada M, Hamatani T, Akutsu H, Chikazawa N, Ogawa S, Okumura N, Mochimaru Y, Kuji N, Aoki D, Yoshimura Y, Umezawa A, Aprysko VP, Yakovenko SA, Seregina EA, Yutkin EV, Yelke H, Milik S, Candan ZN, Altin G, Unal S, Atayurt Z, Y. Kumtepe, Chung JT, Son WY, Zhang X, Tan SL, Ao A, Seli E, Botros L, Henson M, Roos P, Judge K, Sakkas D, group MSGMS, Feliciano M, Monahan D, Ermolovich E, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Mantikou E, van Echten-Arends J, Sikkema-Raddatz B, van der Veen F, Repping S, Mastenbroek S, Botros L, Seli E, Henson M, Roos P, Judge K, Sakkas D, Group MBS, Wells V, Thum MY, Abdalla HI, Machiya R, Akimoto S, Nobuyoshi T, Yoshii N, Hosaka T, Odawara Y, Heindryckx B, Vanden Meerschaut F, Lierman S, Qian C, O'Leary T, Gerris J, De Sutter P, Assou S, Haouzi D, Pellestor F, Monzo C, Dechaud H, De Vos J, Hamamah S, Conaghan J, Fischer E, Popwell J, Ryan I, Chenette P, Givens C, Schriock E, Herbert C, Ermolovich E, Monahan D, Neri QV, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Verheyen G, Camus M, Van de Velde H, Haentjens P, Devroey P, Mugica A, Esbert M, Molina JM, Garrido N, Pellicer A, Ballesteros A, Calderon G, Rossi ALS, Rocha AM, Alegretti JR, Hassun PA, Gomes LP, Criscuollo T, Serafini P, Motta ELA, Munoz M, Meseguer M, Cruz M, Perez-Cano I, Pellicer A, Gadea B, Martinez M, Fortuno S, Gundersen J, Garrido N, Cruz M, Garrido N, Perez-Cano I, Munoz M, Pellicer A, Martinez M, Gadea B, Selles E, Betersen J, Meseguer M, Le Meaux E, Assou S, Haouzi D, Loup V, Dechaud H, De Vos J, Hamamah S, Ouandaogo G, Assou S, Haouzi D, Ferrieres A, Anahory T, De Vos J, Hamamah S, Monzo C, Assou S, Haouzi D, Pellestor F, Dechaud H, De Vos J, S. Hamamah, Gismano E, Borini A, Cino I, Calzi F, Rabellotti E, Papaleo E, Bianchi V, De Santis L, Sunkara SK, Siozos A, Bolton V, Khalaf Y, Braude P, El-Toukhy T, Cho YS, Ambruosi B, Totaro P, Dell'Aquila ME, Gioacchini G, Bizzaro D, Giorgini E, Ferraris P, Sabbatini S, Carnevali O, Knaggs P, Chau A, Khalil S, Trew G, Lavery S, Jovanovic VP, Gomez R, Sauer CM, Shawber CJ, Outtz HH, Wang X, Sauer MV, Kitajewski J, Zimmermann RC, Mahrous E, Clarke H, Virant-Klun I, Bacer-Kermavner L, Mivsek J, Tomazevic T, Pozlep B, Zorn B, Vrtacnik-Bokal E, Dundure I, Bazarova J, Fodina V, Brikune J, Lakutins J, Jee B, Jo J, Lee J, Suh C, Kim S, Moon S, Shufaro Y, Lebovich M, Aizenman E, Simon A, Laufer N, A. Saada Reisch, Ribeiro MA, Pinto A, Gomes F, Silva Carvalho JL, Almeida H, Massaro FC, Petersen CG, Mauri AL, Silva LFI, Nicoletti APM, Cavagna M, Pontes A, Baruffi RLR, Oliveira JBA, Franco JG, Valcarcel A, Viglierchio MI, Tiveron M, Guidobono M, Inza R, Vilela M, Vilela M, Valcarcel A, Viglierchio MI, Kenny A, Lombardi C, Marconi G. Posters * Embryology (Embryo Selection). Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Matsumoto Y, Goto S, Hashimoto H, Kokeguchi S, Shiotani M, Okada H, Cohen - Bacrie P, Hazout A, Belloc S, De Mouzon J, Menezo Y, Dumont M, Junca AM, Cohen-Bacrie M, Alvarez S, Olivennes F, Prisant N, Weltin M, Geissler W, Clussmann C, Strowitzki T, Eggert-Kruse W, Endou Y, Fjii Y, Motoyama H, Quintana FQ, Zaloa Larreategui ZL, Iratxe Penalba IP, Sara Ortega SO, Monica Martin MM, Guillermo Quea GQ, Jose Serna JS, Showell MG, Brown J, Yazdani A, Stankiewicz MT, Hart RJ, Zumoffen C, Munuce MJ, Caille A, Ghersevich S, Lendinez AM, Perez-Nevot B, Palomares AR, Serrano Garballo A, Rodriguez A, Reche A, Mayor-Olea A, Ruiz-Galdon M, Reyes-Engel A, Mendiola J, Jorgensen N, Andersson AM, Calafat AM, Redmon JB, Drobnis EZ, Wang C, Sparks A, Thurston SW, Liu F, Swan SH, Tarasconi AC, Tarasconi BV, Tarasconi DV, Silva EMV, Fujii Y, Endou Y, Motoyama H, Crha I, Pribyl J, Skladal P, Zakova J, Ventruba P, Pohanka M, De La Fuente G, Pacheco A, Velasco JAG, Requena A, Pacheco Castro A, San Celestino Carchenilla M, Salvanes R, Arnanz A, Balmori C, Pellicer A, Garcia-Velasco JA, Hashimoto H, Ishikawa T, Goto S, Kokeguchi S, Fujisawa M, Shiotani M, Kranz S, Hersemeyer K, Hentrich A, Tinneberg HR, Konrad L, Simon L, Lutton D, McManus J, Lewis SEM, San Celestino Carchenilla M, Pacheco Castro A, Rubio S, Simon Sanjurjo P, Pellicer A, Garcia-Velasco JA, Lewis S, Lutton D, McManus J, Simon L, Buzzi J, Valcarcel A, Lombardi E, Oses R, Rawe V, Young E, Magendzo A, Lizama S, Duque G, Mackenna A, Lutton D, Simon L, McManus J, Lewis SEM, Monqaut A, Zavaleta C, Lopez G, Lafuente R, Brassesco M, Condorelli R, La Vignera S, La Rosa S, Barone N, Vicari E, Bellanca S, D'Agata R, Calogero AE, Enciso M, Iglesias M, Galan I, Gosalvez A, Gosalvez J, Curaba M, Poels J, Van Langendonckt A, Donnez J, Wyns C, Garcez M, Salvador M, Pasqualotto EB, Braga DPAF, Borges E, Pasqualotto FF, Aoki T, Figueira RCS, Maldonado LGL, Pasqualotto FF, Iaconelli A, Borges E, Frassini R, Mandelli J, Pasqualotto EB, Borges E, Figueira RCS, Braga DPAF, Pasqualotto FF, Borges E, Pasqualotto FF, Figueira RCS, Setti AS, Braga DPAF, Cortezzi SS, Iaconelli A, La Vignera S, Vicari E, Di Mauro M, Burrello N, Condorelli R, D'Agata R, Calogero AE, Kashir J, Jones C, Young C, Ruas M, Grasa P, Rietdorf K, Heytens E, Heindryckx B, Yoon SY, Fissore RA, Deane CM, Nikiforaki D, Tee ST, de Sutter P, Parrington J, Coward K, Visser L, Westerveld GH, van Daalen SKM, van der Veen F, Lombardi MP, Repping S, Cubillos S, Sanchez S, Pedraza J, Charria G, Aparicio H, Gongora A, Caldino F, Cuneo S, Ou JP, Zhao WE, Liu YF, Xu YW, Zhou CQ, Al-Asmar Pinar N, Peinado V, Gruhn J, Susiarjo M, Gil-Salom M, Martinez-Jabaloyas JM, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Rubio C, Hassold T, Peinado V, Al-Asmar N, Gruhn J, Rodrigo L, Gil-Salom M, Martinez-Jabaloyas JM, Pellicer A, Remohi J, Hassold TJ, Rubio C, Bungum M, Forsell N, Giwercman A, Amiri I, Sheikh N, Najafi R, Godarzi M, Farimani M, Makukh H, Tyrkus M, Zastavna D, Nakonechnuy A, Khayat SS, Schileiko LV, Kurilo LF, Garcia-Herrero S, Garrido N, Martinez-Conejero JA, Romany L, Pellicer A, Meseguer M, Dorphin B, Lefevre M, Gout C, Oger P, Yazbeck C, Rougier N, De Stefani S, Scala V, Benedetti S, Tagliamonte MC, Zavagnini E, Palini S, Bulletti C, Canestrari F, Subiran N, Pinto FM, Candenas ML, Agirregoitia E, Irazusta J, Cha EM, Lee JH, Park IH, Lee KH, Kim MH, Jensen MS, Rebordosa C, Thulstrup AM, Toft G, Sorensen HT, Bonde JP, Henriksen TB, Olsen J, Bosco L, Speciale M, Manno M, Amireh N, Roccheri MC, Cittadini E, Wu P, Lee YM, Chen HW, Tzeng CR, Llacer J, Ten J, Lledo B, Rodriguez-Arnedo A, Morales R, Bernabeu R, Garcia-Peiro A, Martinez-Heredia J, Oliver-Bonet M, Ribas J, Abad C, Amengual MJ, Gosalvez J, Navarro J, Benet J, Moutou C, Gardes N, Nicod JC, Becker N, Bailly MP, Galland I, Pirello O, Rongieres C, Wittemer C, Viville S, Elmahaishi W, Smith B, Doshi A, Serhal P, Harper JC, Rennemeier C, Kammerer U, Dietl J, Staib P, Elgmati K, Nomikos M, Theodoridou M, Calver B, Swann K, Lai FA, Georgiou I, Lazaros L, Xita N, Kaponis A, Plachouras N, Hatzi E, Zikopoulos K, Ferfouri F, Clement P, Molina Gomes D, Albert M, Bailly M, Wainer R, Selva J, Vialard F, Takisawa T, Usui K, Kyoya T, Shibuya Y, Hattori H, Sato Y, Ota M, Kyono K, Chiu PC, Lam KK, Lee CL, Chung MK, Huang VW, O WS, Tang F, Ho PC, Yeung WS, Kim CH, Lee JY, Kim SH, Suh CS, Shin YK, Kang YJ, Jung JH, Cha CY, Hwang ES, Mukaida T, Nagaba M, Takahashi K, Elkaffash D, Sedrak M, Huhtaniemi I, Abdel-Al T, Younan D, Cassuto NG, Bouret D, Hammoud I, Yazbeck C, Barak Y, Seshadri S, Bates M, Vince G, Jones DI, Ben Khalifa M, Montjean D, Menezo Y, Cohen-Bacrie P, Belloc S, De Mouzon J, Alvarez S, Aubriot FX, Olivennes F, Cohen M, Prisant N, Boudjema E, Magli MC, Crippa A, Baccetti B, Ferraretti AP, Gianaroli L, Singer T, Neri QV, Hu JC, Maggiulli R, Kollman Z, Rauch E, Schlegel PN, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Zorn B, Skrbinc B, Matos E, Golob B, Pfeifer M, Osredkar J, Sabanegh E, Sharma RK, Thiyagarajan A, Agarwal A, Robin G, Boitrelle F, Marcelli F, Marchetti C, Mitchell V, Dewailly D, Rigot JM, Rives N, Perdrix A, Travers A, Milazzo JP, Mousset-Simeon N, Mace B, Jakab A, Molnar Z, Benyo M, Levai I, Kassai Z, Golob B, Zorn B, Ihan A, Kopitar A, Kolbezen M, Vaamonde D, Da Silva-Grigoletto ME, Garcia-Manso JM, Vaamonde-Lemos R, Oehninger SC, Walis G, Monahan D, Neri QV, Ermolovich E, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Fadlon E, Abu Elhija A, Abu Elhija M, Lunenfeld E, Huleihel M, Costantini-Ferrando M, Maggiulli R, Neri QV, Hu JCY, Monahan D, Rosenwaks Z, Palermo GD, Alvarez JG, Gosalvez A, Velilla E, Lopez-Teijon M, Lopez-Fernandez C, Gosalvez J, Tempest HG, Sun F, Oliver-Bonet M, Ko E, Turek P, Martin RH, Zomeno-Abellan MT, Ramirez A, Gutierrez-Adan A, Martinez JC, Landeras J, Ballesta J, Aviles M, Lafuente R, Lopez G, Monqaut A, Brassesco M, Ganaiem M, Binder S, Abu Elhija M, Lunenfeld E, Meinhardt A, Huleihel M, Sousa L, Grangeia A, Carvalho F, Sousa M, Barros A, Sifer C, Sermondade N, Hafhouf E, Poncelet C, Benzacken B, Levy R, Wolf JP, Crisol L, Aspichueta F, Hernandez ML, Exposito A, Matorras R, Ruiz-Larrea MB, Ruiz-Sanz JI, Jallad S, Atig F, Ben Amor H, Saad ALI, Kerkeni A, Ajina M, Othmane ALI, Koscinski I, Ladureau L, Wittemer C, Viville S, Scarselli F, Casciani V, Lobascio M, Minasi MG, Rubino P, Colasante A, Arizzi L, Litwicka K, Iammarrone E, Ferrero S, Mencacci C, Franco G, Zavaglia D, Nagy ZP, Greco E, Ohgi S, Takahashi M, Kishi C, Suga K, Yanaihara A, Chamley LW, Wagner A, Shelling AN. Andrology (Male Fertility, Spermatogenesis). Hum Reprod 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/de.25.s1.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Yoo YG, Na TY, Seo HW, Seong JK, Park CK, Shin YK, Lee MO. Hepatitis B virus X protein induces the expression of MTA1 and HDAC1, which enhances hypoxia signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2008; 27:3405-13. [PMID: 18264140 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1211000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Expression level of metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is closely related to tumor growth and metastasis in various cancers. Although increased expression level of MTA1 was observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), role of MTA1 complex containing histone deacetylase (HDAC) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocarcinogenesis has not been studied. Here, we demonstrated that HBx strongly induced the expression of MTA1 and HDAC1 genes at transcription level. MTA1 and HDAC1/2 physically associated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) in vivo in the presence of HBx, which was abolished by knockdown of MTA1 by short interfering RNA (siRNA). HBx induced deacetylation of the oxygen-dependent degradation domain of HIF-1 alpha, which was accompanied with dissociation of prolyl hydroxylases and von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor from HIF-1 alpha. These results indicate that HBx-induced deacetylation is important for proteasomal degradation of HIF-1 alpha. Further, we observed that protein levels of MTA1 and HDAC1 were increased in the liver of HBx-transgenic mice. Also, there was a higher expression of HDAC1 in HCC than in the adjacent non-tumorous cirrhotic nodules in 10 out of 12 human HBV-associated HCC specimens. Together, our data indicate a positive cross talk between HBx and the MTA1/HDAC complex in stabilizing HIF-1 alpha, which may play a critical role in angiogenesis and metastasis of HBV-associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-G Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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Shin YK, Yoon IY, Han EK, No YM, Hong MC, Yun YD, Jung BK, Chung SH, Choi JB, Cyn JG, Lee YJ, Hong SC. Prevalence of narcolepsy-cataplexy in Korean adolescents. Acta Neurol Scand 2008; 117:273-8. [PMID: 17922892 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Narcolepsy typically begins between adolescence and early adulthood causing severe neuropsychiatric impairments, but few prevalence studies are available on adolescent narcoleptics. In the present study, we investigated the prevalence of narcolepsy-cataplexy in adolescents. METHODS In total 20,407 students, aged 14-19 years, participated in this study. Ullanlinna Narcolepsy Scale (UNS) was applied to all subjects and those with a UNS score of > or =14 were contacted by phone for semi-structured interview. Subjects then suspected of having narcolepsy participated in a laboratory investigation, which included polysomnography and HLA typing, or were interviewed in detail by telephone. RESULTS Three subjects were finally diagnosed as narcolepsy with cataplexy and seven subjects might be diagnosed as narcolepsy without cataplexy. Among three narcoleptics with cataplexy, two subjects were HLA-DQB1*0602 and DRB1*1501 positive, but one subject had no test of HLA typing. The prevalence of narcolepsy with cataplexy in Korean adolescence was thus determined to be 0.015% (95% confidence interval = 0.0-0.0313%). CONCLUSION This epidemiologic study is the first of its type on adolescent narcolepsy to use the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, 2nd edition (ICSD-2) diagnostic criteria. Considering those cases with an onset after adolescence were not included, the prevalence of narcolepsy with cataplexy determined in the present study is comparable with that of other studies in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Shin
- Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Suwon, Korea
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Lim JM, Jeon CO, Jang HH, Park DJ, Shin YK, Yeo SH, Kim CJ. Albimonas donghaensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a non-photosynthetic member of the class Alphaproteobacteria isolated from seawater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2008; 58:282-5. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.65429-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Choi YL, Kim J, Kwon MJ, Choi JS, Kim TJ, Bae DS, Koh SS, In YH, Park YW, Kim SH, Ahn G, Shin YK. Expression profile of tight junction protein claudin 3 and claudin 4 in ovarian serous adenocarcinoma with prognostic correlation. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22:1185-95. [PMID: 17647191 DOI: 10.14670/hh-22.1185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Tight junction proteins claudin 3 (CLDN3) and claudin 4 (CLDN4) are frequently altered in several human cancers, including ovarian carcinomas. Here, we examined the gene expression of CLDN3 and CLDN4 in various tumors, including 19 normal ovaries and 47 ovarian carcinomas by analyzing Affymetrix HG-U133 array data. Furthermore, a total of 114 ovarian serous tumors, including 10 adenomas, 20 borderline tumors and 84 carcinomas, were analyzed immunohistochemically to confirm the expression of two proteins and we assessed the association of their expression with the clinicopathological characteristics and survival of the patients. The microarray experiment revealed CLDN3 and CLDN4 transcripts were significantly up-regulated by 5-fold or more in most subtypes of ovarian epithelial carcinomas while the immunohistochemical analyses indicated that each protein was expressed in 68 (81.0%) and 72 (85.7%) of 84 serous adenocarcinomas, respectively. Borderline serous tumors and adenomas showed significantly lower expression of these proteins than the adenocarcinomas. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that serous adenocarcinoma patients with high CLDN3 expression had substantially shorter survival (P=0.027). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that CLDN3 overexpression is an independent negative prognostic factor. Our findings suggest that CLDN3 overexpression can be used as a prognostic indicator in ovarian serous carcinomas. Moreover, CLDN3 may be a promising target for antibody-based therapy of ovarian carcinomas.
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MESH Headings
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Claudin-3
- Claudin-4
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/mortality
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Cystadenoma, Serous/genetics
- Cystadenoma, Serous/metabolism
- Cystadenoma, Serous/mortality
- Cystadenoma, Serous/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/metabolism
- Ovarian Neoplasms/mortality
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovary/metabolism
- Ovary/pathology
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Survival Rate
- Tissue Array Analysis
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-L Choi
- Department of Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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20
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Baik SY, Yun HS, Lee HJ, Lee MH, Jung SE, Kim JW, Jeon JP, Shin YK, Rhee HS, Kimm KC, Han BG. Identification of stathmin 1 expression induced by Epstein-Barr virus in human B lymphocytes. Cell Prolif 2007; 40:268-81. [PMID: 17472732 PMCID: PMC6496458 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2007.00429.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Epstein-Barr virus transforms resting B cells into proliferating lymphoblastoid cells, the origin of cell lines. METHOD AND RESULTS Our cDNA microarray analyses led to the identification of 232 up-regulated and 112 down-regulated genes with more than a 3-fold difference in lymphoblastoid cell lines compared to resting B cells. The functional classification of these genes exhibited the distinct expression signature for cell proliferation, cell cycle and an immune response. Among them, we verified the differential expression of several oncogenes such as stathmin 1 (STMN1), RAB27A, RAB9A, BACH1 and BACH2 using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions or Western blot analysis. Expression of STMN1 (which is involved in regulation of the microtubule filament system, cell growth and S-phase of cell cycle) was increased in lymphoblastoid cell line as well as in 7-day post-Epstein-Barr virus infection B cells, compared to resting B cells. CONCLUSION Thus, this study suggests that Epstein-Barr virus infection induces STMN1 expression, which play a role in cell cycle progression and proliferation in the human B lymphocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Y. Baik
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H. S. Yun
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H. J. Lee
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - M. H. Lee
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - S. E. Jung
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J. W. Kim
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - J. P. Jeon
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Y. K. Shin
- Chungbuk Bio Industry Foundation Health Industry Center, Chungbuk, South Korea
| | - H. S. Rhee
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - K. C. Kimm
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
| | - B. G. Han
- Biobank for Health Sciences, Center for Genome Sciences, National Institute of Health, Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, South Korea
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21
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Xuan YH, Choi YL, Shin YK, Ahn GH, Kim KH, Kim WJ, Lee HC, Kim SH. Expression of TGF-beta signaling proteins in normal placenta and gestational trophoblastic disease. Histol Histopathol 2007; 22:227-34. [PMID: 17163397 DOI: 10.14670/hh-22.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) is a vital regulator of placental development and functions. TGF-beta exerts several modulatory effects on trophoblast cells, such as inhibition of proliferation and invasiveness, and stimulation of differentiation by inducing multinucleated cell formation. In this study, we determine the expression patterns of TGF-beta signaling molecules in normal trophoblast, various hydatidiform mole types and choriocarcinoma. A total of 132 cases, including 51 normal placenta (20 first trimester, 11 second trimester, and 20 third trimester) and 81 gestational trophoblastic diseases (17 choriocarcinoma, and 64 hydatidiform moles: 39 complete, 6 partial, and 19 invasive) were immunohistochemically analyzed with anti-TGF beta1/2, TGF-beta receptor type I (TbetaRI), TbetaRII, Smad 2/3, and Smad 4 antibodies on paraffin blocks. In the case of normal placenta, maximal levels of all TGF-beta signaling molecules were observed in villous trophoblast in the first trimester, which decreased with gestational age. Expression of all the TGF-beta signaling proteins except Smad2/3, was significantly enhanced in various moles, relative to normal trophoblast. Moreover, TGF-beta signaling molecules were significantly downregulated in choriocarcinoma, compared to moles. In particular, TbetaRI and Smad2/3 levels were lower in choriocarcinoma than normal villous trophoblast (TbetaRI: p<0.025, Smad2/3: p<0.001). In conclusion, the TGF-beta signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of gestational trophoblastic disease, and may thus be employed as a potential therapeutic target and a diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Xuan
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Korea
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22
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Xuan YH, Choi YL, Shin YK, Kook MC, Chae SW, Park SM, Chae HB, Kim SH. An immunohistochemical study of the expression of cell-cycle-regulated proteins p53, cyclin D1, RB, p27, Ki67 and MSH2 in gallbladder carcinoma and its precursor lesions. Histol Histopathol 2005; 20:59-66. [PMID: 15578423 DOI: 10.14670/hh-20.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinomas are rare but highly lethal neoplasms. We examined the expression of five cell-cycle-related molecules (p53, RB, cyclin D1, p27, Ki-67), and MSH2, in 46 carcinomas, 14 adenomas, 15 low-grade dysplasias, 9 intestinal metaplasias and 20 normal gallbladder epithelia. The expression of these molecules was altered in gallbladder carcinomas and adenomas. In gallbladder carcinomas we observed increased expression of p53, cyclin D1, Ki-67, and MSH2 together with decreased expression of RB and p27 protein. Aberrant expression of cyclin D1 and reduced expression of RB were noted in adenomas, and expression of cyclin D1 was elevated in low-grade dysplasias. However, there was no change in the levels of these cell-cycle molecules in metaplasia. Expression of p53, p27, Ki-67, and MSH2 was correlated with clinical stage (P<0.05) and there was also a correlation between the expression of Ki-67 and MSH-2 and patient age (P<0.05). These results suggest that altered expression of cell-cycle molecules p53, cyclin D1, RB, p27, and of MSH-2 is involved in the progression of gallbladder carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Xuan
- Department of Pathology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Chungbuk, South Korea
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23
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Hur DY, Lee MH, Kim JW, Kim JH, Shin YK, Rho JK, Kwack KB, Lee WJ, Han BG. CD19 signalling improves the Epstein-Barr virus-induced immortalization of human B cell. Cell Prolif 2005; 38:35-45. [PMID: 15679865 PMCID: PMC6496141 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2005.00328.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in vitro immortalizes primary B cells and generates B lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). These EBV-LCLs have been used for several purposes in immunological and genetic studies, but some trials involving these transformations fail for unknown reasons, and several EBV-LCLs do not grow in normal culture. In this study, we improved the immortalization method by CD19 and B-cell receptor (BCR) co-ligation. This method shortens the time required for the immortalization and generation of EBV-LCLs but does not alter the cell phenotype of the LCLs nor the expression of the EBV genes. In particular, the CD19 and BCR co-ligation method was found to be the most effective method examined. EBV-infected B cells induced by CD19 and/or BCR ligation expressed the intracellular latent membrane protein LMP-1 earlier than EBV-infected B cells, and the expression of intracellular LMP-1 was found to be closely related to the time of immortalization. These results suggest that the modified method, using CD19 and/or BCR ligation, may efficiently generate EBV-LCLs, by expressing intracellular LMP-1 at an early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Hur
- Department of Anatomy and Research Center for Immune Modulation, Inje University College of Medicine, 614-735 Busan, South Korea
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24
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Abstract
1. This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of rutin and harmaline (1-methyl-7-methoxy-3,4-dihydro-beta-carboline) on the development of the surgically induced reflux oesophagitis, on gastric secretion, lipid peroxidation, polymorphonucleocytes (PMNs) accumulation, superoxide and hydroxyl radical production in PMNs, cytokine [interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)] production in blood and [Ca2+]i mobilization in PMNs. 2. Rutin and harmaline significantly prevented the development of reflux oesophagitis and gastric secretion. Treatments of oesophagitis rats with rutin and harmaline inhibited lipid peroxidation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the oesophagus in comparison with untreated rats. 3. Superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide production in 1 microm formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine (fMLP)- or 0.1 microg ml-1N-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-activated PMNs was inhibited by rutin and harmaline in a dose-dependent fashion. Rutin and harmaline effectively scavenged the hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide. Treatments of oesophagitis rats with rutin and harmaline inhibited IL-1beta production in the oesophagus in comparison with untreated rats, but TNF-alpha production was not affected by rutin and harmaline. The fMLP-induced elevation of [Ca2+]i was inhibited by rutin. 4. The results of this study suggest that rutin and harmaline may have beneficial protective effects against reflux oesophagitis by the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokine production (i.e. IL-1beta), and intracellular calcium mobilization in PMNs in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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25
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Abstract
Differential effects of ATP on tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were studied using the whole-cell variation of path-clamp technique. Currents were evoked by step depolarizations to 0 mV from a holding potential of -80 mV. ATP suppressed TTX-S sodium currents while it increased TTX-R sodium currents. The effects were concentration-dependent and were reversible upon washout with ATP-free external solution. ATP-gamma-S, a hydrolysis-resistant ATP analog, also affected two types of sodium currents similarly to ATP, excluding the possibility that the effects were caused by the products of ATP hydrolysis, namely adenosine. ATP by modulating sodium currents may exert profound effects on the transmission of sensory information such as nociception.
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MESH Headings
- Adenosine Triphosphate/analogs & derivatives
- Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism
- Adenosine Triphosphate/pharmacology
- Affinity Labels/pharmacology
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
- Ganglia, Spinal/physiopathology
- Membrane Potentials/drug effects
- Membrane Potentials/physiology
- Neurons, Afferent/drug effects
- Neurons, Afferent/metabolism
- Pain/chemically induced
- Pain/metabolism
- Pain/physiopathology
- Patch-Clamp Techniques
- Rats
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/drug effects
- Receptors, Purinergic P1/metabolism
- Receptors, Purinergic P2/drug effects
- Receptors, Purinergic P2/metabolism
- Sodium Channels/drug effects
- Sodium Channels/metabolism
- Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
- Synaptic Transmission/physiology
- Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, 221 Heuk-Suk Dong, Dong-Jak Ku, Seoul 156-756, South Korea
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26
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Abstract
Yeast strain Y94T, which is capable of growth at high temperature, was isolated from soil in Korea. Characteristics of the strain include asexual reproduction by multilateral budding, the absence of extracellular starch-like compounds, a negative Diazonium blue B colour reaction, and the absence of arthrospores, ballistoconidia and ascospores; the strain can therefore be placed in the genus Candida. A maximum growth temperature of 50-51 degrees C, along with certain other physiological characteristics, and a unique 26S rDNA partial sequence separate this strain from other ascomycetous yeasts. Taken together, these results suggest that the strain is a novel species and the name Candida thermophila sp. nov. (type strain is Y94T = JCM 10994T = KCCM 50661T) is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Shin
- Korean Collection for Type Cultures, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Yusong, Taejon
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27
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Epand RF, Yip CM, Chernomordik LV, LeDuc DL, Shin YK, Epand RM. Self-assembly of influenza hemagglutinin: studies of ectodomain aggregation by in situ atomic force microscopy. Biochim Biophys Acta 2001; 1513:167-75. [PMID: 11470088 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2736(01)00350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have used in situ tapping mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study the structural morphology of two fragments of the influenza hemagglutinin protein bound to supported bilayers. The two proteins that we studied are the bromelain-cleaved hemagglutinin (BHA), corresponding to the full ectodomain of the hemagglutinin protein, and FHA2, the 127 amino acid N-terminal fragment of the HA2 subunit of the hemagglutinin protein. While BHA is water soluble at neutral pH and is known to bind to membranes via specific interactions with a viral receptor, FHA2 can only be solubilized in water with an appropriate detergent. Furthermore, FHA2 is known to readily bind to membranes at neutral pH in the absence of a receptor. Our in situ AFM studies demonstrated that, when bound to supported bilayers at neutral pH, both these proteins are self-assembled as single trimeric molecules. In situ acidification resulted in further lateral association of the FHA2 without a large perturbation of the bilayer. In contrast, BHA remained largely unaffected by acidification, except in areas of exposed mica where it is aggregated. Remarkably, these results are consistent with previous observations that FHA2 promotes membrane fusion while BHA only induces liposome leakage at low pH. The results presented here are the first example of in situ imaging of the ectodomain of a viral envelope protein allowing characterization of the real-time self-assembly of a membrane fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- R F Epand
- Department of Biochemistry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5.
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28
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Abstract
Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells are morphological hallmarks of Hodgkin's disease (HD). So far, several characteristics frequently seen in H-RS cells from different origins have been described, such as the high expression of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), the elevation of NF-kappaB activity, and the aberrant expression of molecules such as CD15, CD30, and CD99. Despite extensive studies on the nature of H-RS cells, the molecular mechanism by which H-RS cells are generated remained elusive. Recently, the forced down-regulation of CD99 was reported to induce typical H-RS phenotypes in vitro in a B cell line. Furthermore, it was revealed that LMP1 markedly reduces the CD99 expression at the transcriptional level. Since the presence of LMP1 is known to be associated with the H-RS cell formation, the data provide a possibility of linkage between LMP1 and HD via CD99, thus suggesting that, at least in part, the loss of CD99 may play a critical role in the pathogenic sequence to the formation of H-RS cells in HD. In this review, the role of CD99 in the generation of H-RS cells and its molecular mechanism will be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- I S Lee
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea
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29
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Leikina E, LeDuc DL, Macosko JC, Epand R, Epand R, Shin YK, Chernomordik LV. The 1-127 HA2 construct of influenza virus hemagglutinin induces cell-cell hemifusion. Biochemistry 2001; 40:8378-86. [PMID: 11444985 DOI: 10.1021/bi010466+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conformational changes in the HA2 subunit of influenza hemagglutinin (HA) are coupled to membrane fusion. We investigated the fusogenic activity of the polypeptide FHA2 representing 127 amino-terminal residues of the ectodomain of HA2. While the conformation of FHA2 both at neutral and at low pH is nearly identical to the final low-pH conformation of HA2, FHA2 still induces lipid mixing between liposomes in a low-pH-dependent manner. Here, we found that FHA2 induces lipid mixing between bound cells, indicating that the "spring-loaded" energy is not required for FHA2-mediated membrane merger. Although, unlike HA, FHA2 did not form an expanding fusion pore, both acidic pH and membrane concentrations of FHA2, required for lipid mixing, have been close to those required for HA-mediated fusion. Similar to what is observed for HA, FHA2-induced lipid mixing was reversibly blocked by lysophosphatidylcholine and low temperature, 4 degrees C. The same genetic modification of the fusion peptide inhibits both HA- and FHA2-fusogenic activities. The kink region of FHA2, critical for FHA2-mediated lipid mixing, was exposed in the low-pH conformation of the whole HA prior to fusion. The ability of FHA2 to mediate lipid mixing very similar to HA-mediated lipid mixing is consistent with the hypothesis that hemifusion requires just a portion of the energy released in the conformational change of HA at acidic pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Leikina
- Section on Membrane Biology, LCMB, NICHD, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Room 10D04, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1855, USA
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30
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Lee JS, Shin YK, Yoon JH, Takeuchi M, Pyun YR, Park YH. Sphingomonas aquatilis sp. nov., Sphingomonas koreensis sp. nov., and Sphingomonas taejonensis sp. nov., yellow-pigmented bacteria isolated from natural mineral water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1491-1498. [PMID: 11491350 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-51-4-1491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxonomic status of four strains from several mineral water sources in Taejon, Korea, was examined. The DNA base compositions of these strains ranged from 62 to 66 mol %. All of the strains contained sphingolipids and ubiquinone 10 as the main respiratory quinone. The cellular fatty acids of these strains included octadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid and 2-hydroxymyristic acid, without 3-hydroxy fatty acids. On the basis of morphological, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, together with 16S rDNA sequence comparison and DNA-DNA reassociation data, three new species of the genus Sphingomonas are proposed for the strains isolated from natural mineral water: Sphingomonas aquatilis sp. nov. for strain JSS7T (= KCTC 2881T = KCCM 41067T), Sphingomonas koreensis sp. nov. for strains JSS26T (= KCTC 2882T = KCCM 41069T) and JSS28 (= KCTC 2883 = KCCM 41066) and Sphingomonas taejonensis sp. nov. for strain JSS54T (= KCTC 2884T = KCCM 41068T).
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31
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Abstract
Assembly of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) complex is an essential step for neurotransmitter release in synapses. The presynaptic plasma membrane associated proteins (t-SNAREs), SNAP-25 (synaptosome-associated protein of 25,000 Da) and syntaxin 1A may form an intermediate complex that later binds to vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2). Using spin labeling electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), we found that the two t-SNARE proteins assemble into a parallel four-helix bundle that consists of two identical syntaxin 1A components and the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of SNAP-25. Although the structure is generally similar to that of the final SNARE complex, the middle region of the helical bundle appears more flexible in the t-SNARE complex. Such flexibility might facilitate interactions between VAMP2 and the t-SNARE complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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32
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Lee DG, Kim DH, Park Y, Kim HK, Kim HN, Shin YK, Choi CH, Hahm KS. Fungicidal effect of antimicrobial peptide, PMAP-23, isolated from porcine myeloid against Candida albicans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 282:570-4. [PMID: 11401498 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The antifungal activity and mechanism of a 23-mer peptide, PMAP-23, derived from pig myeloid was investigated. PMAP-23 displayed strong antifungal activity against yeast and mold. To investigate the antifungal mechanism of PMAP-23, fluorescence activated flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were performed. Candida albicans treated with PMAP-23 showed higher fluorescence intensity by propidium iodide(PI) staining, which was similar to that of Melittin than untreated cells. Confocal microscopy showed that the peptide was located in the plasma membrane. The action of peptides against fungal cell membranes was examined by treating prepared protoplasts of C. albicans with the peptide and lipid vesicle titration test. The result showed that the peptide prevented the regeneration of fungal cell walls and induced release of the fluorescent dye trapped in the artificial membrane vesicles, indicating that the peptide exerts its antifungal activity by acting on the plasma lipid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Lee
- Research Center for Proteineous Materials, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 375 Seosuk-Dong, Kwangju, Dong-Ku, 501-759, Korea
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33
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Shin YK, Cai GY, Weinberg A, Leary JJ, Levin MJ. Frequency of acyclovir-resistant herpes simplex virus in clinical specimens and laboratory isolates. J Clin Microbiol 2001; 39:913-7. [PMID: 11230403 PMCID: PMC87849 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.39.3.913-917.2001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The proportion of acyclovir (ACV)-resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV) isolates in clinical specimens and laboratory isolates was determined. HSV isolates in clinical specimens and laboratory isolates were cultured in the absence or presence of 5 microg of ACV per ml. The frequency of ACV-resistant HSV was calculated as (average virus titer in the wells with ACV)/(average virus titer in the wells without ACV). The mutation frequency of HSV type 1 isolates in clinical samples (directly from patient lesions) was 7.5 x 10(-4) +/- 2.5 x 10(-4) (mean +/- standard error), and that of HSV type 2 isolates was 15.0 x 10(-4) +/- 4.6 x 10(-4). The mutation frequencies of isolates derived in the laboratory from these clinical samples were very similar. Similarly, the 50% inhibitory concentrations for isolates in clinical samples and laboratory isolates were identical. The frequencies of ACV-resistant HSV types 1 and 2 were in a narrow range of 7.5 x 10(-4) to 15.0 x 10(-4) among isolates in clinical specimens and did not change for laboratory-derived pools of viral isolates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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34
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Sohn HW, Shin YK, Lee IS, Bae YM, Suh YH, Kim MK, Kim TJ, Jung KC, Park WS, Park CS, Chung DH, Ahn K, Kim IS, Ko YH, Bang YJ, Kim CW, Park SH. CD99 regulates the transport of MHC class I molecules from the Golgi complex to the cell surface. J Immunol 2001; 166:787-94. [PMID: 11145651 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.2.787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The down-regulation of surface expression of MHC class I molecules has recently been reported in the CD99-deficient lymphoblastoid B cell line displaying the characteristics of Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg phenotype. Here, we demonstrate that the reduction of MHC class I molecules on the cell surface is primarily due to a defect in the transport from the Golgi complex to the plasma membrane. Loss of CD99 did not affect the steady-state expression levels of mRNA and protein of MHC class I molecules. In addition, the assembly of MHC class I molecules and the transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the cis-Golgi occurred normally in the CD99-deficient cells, and no difference was detected between the CD99-deficient and the control cells in the pattern and degree of endocytosis. Instead, the CD99-deficient cells displayed the delayed transport of newly synthesized MHC class I molecules to the plasma membrane, thus causing accumulation of the molecules within the cells. The accumulated MHC class I molecules in the CD99-deficient cells were colocalized with alpha-mannosidase II and gamma-adaptin in the Golgi compartment. These results suggest that CD99 may be associated with the post-Golgi trafficking machinery by regulating the transport to the plasma membrane rather than the endocytosis of surface MHC class I molecules, providing a novel mechanism of MHC class I down-regulation for immune escape.
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Affiliation(s)
- H W Sohn
- Department of. Pathology and Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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35
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Smith T, McCracken J, Shin YK, DeWitt D. Arachidonic acid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induce conformational changes in the human prostaglandin endoperoxide H2 synthase-2 (cyclooxygenase-2). J Biol Chem 2000; 275:40407-15. [PMID: 11006278 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m005563200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
By using the technique of site-directed spin labeling combined with EPR spectroscopy, we have observed that binding of arachidonic acid and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs induces conformational changes in the human prostaglandin endoperoxide H(2) synthase enzyme (PGHS-2). Line shape broadening resulting from spin-spin coupling of nitroxide pairs introduced into the membrane-binding helices of PGHS-2 was used to calculate the inter-helical distances and changes in these distances that occur in response to binding various ligands. The inter-residue distances determined for the PGHS-2 holoenzyme using EPR were 1-7.9 A shorter than those of the crystal structure of the PGHS-2 holoenzyme. However, inter-helical distances calculated and determined by EPR for PGHS-2 complexed with arachidonic acid, flurbiprofen, and SC-58125 were in close agreement with those obtained from the cognate crystal structures. These results indicate that the structure of the solubilized PGHS-2 holoenzyme measured in solution differs from the crystal structure of PGHS-2 holoenzyme obtained by x-ray analysis. Furthermore, binding of ligands induces a conformational change in the holo-PGHS-2, converting it to a structure similar to those obtained by x-ray analysis. Proteolysis protection assays had previously provided circumstantial evidence that binding of heme and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs alters the conformation of PGHS, but the present experiments are the first to directly measure such changes. The finding that arachidonate can also induce a conformational change in PGHS-2 was unexpected, and the magnitude of changes suggests this structural flexibility may be integral to the cyclooxygenase catalytic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and the Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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36
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Abstract
Spin labeling EPR spectroscopy has been used to characterize light-induced conformational changes of bacteriorhodopsin (bR). Pairs of nitroxide spin labels were attached to engineered cysteine residues at strategic positions near the cytoplasmic ends of transmembrane alpha-helices B, F, and G in order to monitor distance changes upon light activation. The EPR analysis of six doubly labeled bR mutants indicates that the cytoplasmic end of helix F not only tilts outwards, but also rotates counter-clockwise during the photocycle. The direction of the rotation of helix F is the opposite of the clockwise rotation previously reported for bovine rhodopsin. The opposite chirality of the F helix rotation in the two systems is perhaps related to the differences in the cis-trans photoisomerization of the retinal in the two proteins. Using time-resolved EPR, we monitored the rotation of helix F also in real time, and found that the signal from the rotation arises concurrently with the reprotonation of the retinal Schiff base.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
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37
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Abstract
A number of different viral spike proteins, responsible for membrane fusion, show striking similarities in their core structures. The prospect of developing a general structure-based mechanism seems plausible in light of these newly determined structures. Influenza hemagglutinin (HA) is the best-studied fusion machine, whose action has previously been described by a hypothetical "spring-loaded" model. This model has recently been extended to explain the mechanism of other systems, such as HIV gp120-gp41. However, evidence supporting this idea is insufficient, requiring re-examination of the mechanism of HA-induced membrane fusion. Recent experiments with a shortened construct of HA, which is able to induce lipid mixing, have provided evidence for an alternative scenario for HA-induced membrane fusion and perhaps that of other viral systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L LeDuc
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, USA
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38
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Abstract
To elucidate the local anesthetic mechanism of diphenhydramine, its effects on tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were examined by the whole-cell voltage clamp method. Diphenhydramine blocked TTX-S and TTX-R sodium currents with K(d) values of 48 and 86 microM, respectively, at a holding potential of -80 mV. It shifted the conductance-voltage curve for TTX-S sodium currents in the depolarizing direction but had little effect on that for TTX-R sodium currents. Diphenhydramine caused a shift of the steady-state inactivation curve for both types of sodium currents in the hyperpolarizing direction. The time-dependent inactivation became faster and the recovery from the inactivation was slowed by diphenhydramine in both types of sodium currents. Diphenhydramine produced a profound use-dependent block when the cells were repeatedly stimulated with high-frequency depolarizing pulses. The use-dependent block was more pronounced in TTX-R sodium currents. The results show that diphenhydramine blocks sodium channels of sensory neurons similarly to local anesthetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y S Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, 221 Heuk-Suk Dong, 156-756, Seoul, South Korea
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39
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Abstract
Increased oxidative stress has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetic tissue damage. Several antioxidants have been described as beneficial for oxidative stress-associated diseases. Boldine ([s]-2,9-dihydroxy-1, 10-dimethoxyaporphine) is a major alkaloid found in the leaves and bark of boldo (Peumus boldus Molina), and has been shown to possess antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects. From this point of view, the possible anti-diabetic effect of boldine and its mechanism were evaluated. The experiments were performed on male rats divided into four groups: control, boldine (100 mg kg(-1), daily in drinking water), diabetic [single dose of 80 mg kg(-1)of streptozotocin (STZ), i.p.] and diabetic simultaneously fed with boldine for 8 weeks. Diabetic status was evaluated periodically with changes of plasma glucose levels and body weight in rats. The effect of boldine on the STZ-induced diabetic rats was examined with the formation of malondialdehydes and carbonyls and the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase) in mitochondria of the pancreas, kidney and liver. The scavenging action of boldine on oxygen free radicals and the effect on mitochondrial free-radical production were also investigated. The treatment of boldine attenuated the development of hyperglycemia and weight loss induced by STZ injection in rats. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and carbonyls in liver, kidney and pancreas mitochondria were significantly increased in STZ-treated rats and decreased after boldine administration. The activities of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in the liver, pancreas and kidney were significantly elevated in STZ-treated rats. Boldine administration decreased STZ-induced elevation of MnSOD activity in kidney and pancreas mitochondria, but not in liver mitochondria. In the STZ-treated group, glutathione peroxidase activities decreased in liver mitochondria, and were elevated in pancreas and kidney mitochondria. The boldine treatment restored the altered enzyme activities in the liver and pancreas, but not the kidney. Boldine attenuated both STZ- and iron plus ascorbate-induced MDA and carbonyl formation and thiol oxidation in the pancreas homogenates. Boldine decomposed superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxides and hydroxyl radicals in a dose-dependent manner. The alkaloid significantly attenuated the production of superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide caused by liver mitochondria. The results indicate that boldine may exert an inhibitory effect on STZ-induced oxidative tissue damage and altered antioxidant enzyme activity by the decomposition of reactive oxygen species and inhibition of nitric oxide production and by the reduction of the peroxidation-induced product formation. Boldine may attenuate the development of STZ-induced diabetes in rats and interfere with the role of oxidative stress, one of the pathogeneses of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756, Korea
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40
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Yoon JH, Shin YK, Park YH. DNA-DNA relatedness among Thermoactinomyces species: Thermoactinomyces candidus as a synonym of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Thermoactinomyces thalpophilus as a synonym of Thermoactinomyces sacchari. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50 Pt 5:1905-1908. [PMID: 11034503 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-50-5-1905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA-DNA relatedness of all validly described Thermoactinomyces species was determined to infer the genetic relationships between them. The levels of DNA-DNA relatedness among the type strains of Thermoactinomyces species ranged from 2-5 to 92.8%. Based on DNA relatedness data, the type strains of Thermoactinomyces intermedius, Thermoactinomyces putidus, Thermoactinomyces dichotomicus and Thermoactinomyces peptonophilus were considered to be distinct species of the genus Thermoactinomyces. However, the relationship between the type strains of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Thermoactinomyces candidus and the relationship between the type strains of Thermoactinomyces sacchari and Thermoactinomyces thalpophilus were reevaluated from levels of DNA-DNA relatedness. The independent DNA relatedness values between Thermoactinomyces vulgaris KCTC 9076T and Thermoactinomyces candidus KCTC 9557T were 90.8 and 92.8%. Thermoactinomyces thalpophilus KCTC 9789T and Thermoactinomyces sacchari KCTC 9790T exhibited independent values of 85.6 and 87.3%. Accordingly, on the basis of DNA-DNA relatedness data together with 16S rDNA sequence data determined recently, it is proposed that Thermoactinomyces candidus should be considered as a synonym of Thermoactinomyces vulgaris and Thermoactinomyces thalpophilus be considered as a synonym of Thermoactinomyces sacchari.
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41
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Abstract
The effects of amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant, on tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were studied using the whole-cell patch clamp method. Amitriptyline blocked both types of Na(+)currents in a dose-and holding potential-dependent manner. At the holding potential of -80 mV, the apparent dissociation constants (K(d)) for amitriptyline to block tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant Na(+) channels were 4.7 and 105 microM, respectively. These values increased to 181 and 193 microM, respectively, when the membrane was held at a potential negative enough to remove the steady-state inactivation. Amitriptyline dose-dependently shifted the steady-state inactivation curves in the hyperpolarizing direction and increased the values of the slope factors for both types of Na(+) channels. The voltage dependence of the activation of both types of Na(+) channels was shifted in the depolarizing direction. It was concluded that amitriptyline blocked the two types of Na(+) channels in rat sensory neurons by modulating the activation and the inactivation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Song
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, 221 Heuk-Suk Dong, Dong-Jak Ku, 156-756, Seoul, South Korea.
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42
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Kim SH, Song KJ, Shin YK, Kim JH, Choi SM, Park KS, Baek LJ, Lee YJ, Song JW. Phylogenetic analysis of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene of mumps virus in Korea: identification of a new genotype. Microbiol Immunol 2000; 44:173-7. [PMID: 10789504 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2000.tb02479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Viral RNAs extracted from fifteen mumps virus isolated from throat swab, saliva, blood, urine or CSF during mumps epidemics between 1997-1998 in Korea were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and compared by nucleotide sequencing of the small hydrophobic (SH) gene. The deduced amino acid sequences of the SH gene were aligned with the published sequences of mumps virus isolated in different geographic areas. A comparison of the SH gene of mumps viruses in Korea indicated 96.2-100% and 91.2-100% similarity at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis, using the neighbor-joining method, showed that Korean mumps virus strains formed a genetically distinct monophyletic group from previously reported genotypes based on the 315-bp length nucleotide and 57 deduced amino acid sequences of the SH gene, and possibly be designated as a new genotype (I).
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul
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43
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Abstract
The relationship between the level of expression of tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents and the occurrence of two kinetically different ATP-induced currents in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons was studied. ATP evoked two distinct types of currents, one with fast activation and desensitization (I-fast) and the other with slow and persistent development (I-slow). In all TTX-S cells which expressed solely TTX-S sodium currents ATP evoked I-fast. The other cells expressed a variable proportion of TTX-S and TTX-R sodium currents. Only 15% of these TTX-R+S cells responded to ATP with I-fast. I-slow was evoked in both cell types but the magnitude of response was much greater in TTX-R+S cells. This result suggests that a different array of ion channels is equipped in different types of sensory neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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44
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Abstract
The effects of thimerosal, a sulfhydryl oxidizing agent, on tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were studied using the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Thimerosal blocked the two types of sodium channels in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of thimerosal was much more pronounced in TTX-R sodium channels than TTX-S sodium channels. The effect of thimerosal was irreversible upon wash-out with thimerosal-free external solution. However, dithiothreitol, a reducing agent, partially reversed it. Thimerosal shifted the steady-state inactivation curves for both types of sodium channels in the hyperpolarizing direction. The voltage dependence of activation of both types of sodium channels was shifted in the depolarizing direction by thimerosal. The inactivation rate in both types of sodium channels increased after thimerosal treatment. All these effects of thimerosal would add up to cause a depression of sodium channel function leading to a diminished neuronal excitability.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Cells, Cultured
- Dithiothreitol/pharmacology
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ganglia, Spinal/cytology
- Ganglia, Spinal/drug effects
- Ganglia, Spinal/metabolism
- Membrane Potentials/drug effects
- Membrane Potentials/physiology
- NAV1.7 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel
- Neurons, Afferent/cytology
- Neurons, Afferent/drug effects
- Neurons, Afferent/metabolism
- Neuropeptides/drug effects
- Neuropeptides/metabolism
- Oxidants/pharmacology
- Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects
- Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/pharmacology
- Rats
- Sodium Channels/drug effects
- Sodium Channels/metabolism
- Sulfhydryl Compounds/metabolism
- Tetrodotoxin/pharmacology
- Thimerosal/pharmacology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, 221 Heuk-Suk Dong, Dong-Jak Ku, Seoul, South Korea. jinhosdragonar.nm.cau.ac.kr
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45
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Yoon JH, Lee JJ, Kang SS, Takeuchi M, Shin YK, Lee ST, Kang KH, Park YH. Gordonia nitida sp. nov., a bacterium that degrades 3-ethylpyridine and 3-methylpyridine. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50 Pt 3:1203-1210. [PMID: 10843064 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-50-3-1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterial strain, LE31T, which is capable of degrading 3-ethylpyridine and 3-methylpyridine, was isolated from an industrial wastewater and was taxonomically studied by using a polyphasic approach. Strain LE31T was identified as a member of the genus Gordonia on the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic inference-based 16S rDNA sequence. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose (wall chemotype IV). The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H2). The mycolic acids contained 47-55 carbon atoms. The major fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1 omega9c, 10-methyl-C18:0 (TBSA). The G+C content of DNA was 67 mol%. The 16S rDNA sequence of strain LE31T was most similar to that of the type strain of Gordonia rubropertincta. The differences in some phenotypic characteristics and the genetic distinctiveness distinguish strain LE31T from the Gordonia species described previously. Therefore it is proposed that strain LE31T should be placed in the genus Gordonia as a new species. The name Gordonia nitida is proposed for strain LE31T. The type strain of the new species is strain LE31T (= KCTC 0605BPT = KCCM 80004T).
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MESH Headings
- Actinomycetales/classification
- Actinomycetales/genetics
- Actinomycetales/isolation & purification
- Actinomycetales/metabolism
- Base Composition
- Biodegradation, Environmental
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Genes, rRNA
- Industrial Waste
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Phylogeny
- Picolines/metabolism
- Pyridines/metabolism
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Waste Disposal, Fluid
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46
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LeDuc DL, Shin YK, Epand RF, Epand RM. Factors determining vesicular lipid mixing induced by shortened constructs of influenza hemagglutinin. Biochemistry 2000; 39:2733-9. [PMID: 10704225 DOI: 10.1021/bi992457v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The HA2 subunit of influenza hemagglutinin is responsible for fusion of the viral and host-cell membranes during infection. An N-terminal 127 amino acid construct of HA2, FHA2-127, is shown to induce lipid mixing of large unilamellar vesicles under endosomal low pH conditions. Thus, FHA2 could serve as a good model system for biophysical studies of membrane fusion. With FHA2, we began to develop a mechanistic model which could explain how this short construct facilitates membrane fusion. In this endeavor, we studied the possible role of the kinked loop region (amino acids 105-113). A construct missing this loop, FHA2-90, although able to induce lipid mixing, has lost the sharp pH-dependent transition seen with FHA2-127 and native HA. In addition, FHA2-127 promotes extensive vesicle aggregation more effectively than FHA2-90 upon acidification. These data suggest that the kinked loop may play a pH-dependent regulatory role. To test this, we compared bis-ANS binding to the two constructs and observed that binding to FHA2-127 increases at a faster rate than FHA2-90 as the pH is decreased, indicating that the kinked loop not only is an ANS-binding site, but that it binds better at low pH. The pH dependence of this transition directly correlates with that observed in lipid mixing. Further, cysteine mutations of acidic residues in the kinked region are both fusion inactive and bind much less ANS, whereas a similar mutation of a threonine residue had little effect on fusion activity or ANS binding. This evidence lends further support to our idea that the kinked loop serves a regulatory role. To test the physiological relevance of the FHA2-127 fusion mechanism, we studied the effects of a G1E mutation, known to abolish fusion in native HA. We found that G1E-127 is fusion inactive as expected. This evidence indirectly suggests that the mechanism of FHA2-127 is perhaps physiologically relevant and from its study, we can learn much about the mechanism of native HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- D L LeDuc
- Department of Chemistry, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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47
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Song J, Jang YY, Shin YK, Lee C, Chung S. N-Ethylmaleimide modulation of tetrodotoxin-sensitive and tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. Brain Res 2000; 855:267-73. [PMID: 10677599 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-8993(99)02405-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The effects of N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), an alkylating reagent to protein sulfhydryl groups, on tetrodotoxin-sensitive (TTX-S) and tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium channels in rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were studied using the whole cell configuration of patch-clamp technique. When currents were evoked by step depolarizations to 0 mV from a holding potential of -80 mV NEM decreased the amplitude of TTX-S sodium current, but exerted little or no effect on that of TTX-R sodium current. The inhibitory effect of NEM on TTX-S sodium channel was mainly due to the shift of the steady-state inactivation curve in the hyperpolarizing direction. NEM did not affect the voltage-dependence of the activation of TTX-S sodium channel. The steady-state inactivation curve for TTX-R sodium channel was shifted by NEM in the hyperpolarizing direction as that for TTX-S sodium channel. NEM caused a change in the voltage-dependence of the activation of TTX-R sodium channel unlike TTX-S sodium channel. After NEM treatment, the amplitudes of TTX-R sodium currents at test voltages below -10 mV were increased, but those at more positive voltages were not affected. This was explained by the shift in the conductance-voltage curve for TTX-R sodium channels in the hyperpolarizing direction after NEM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, 221 Heuk-Suk Dong, Dong-Jak Ku, Seoul, South Korea.
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48
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Kim SH, Shin YK, Lee IS, Bae YM, Sohn HW, Suh YH, Ree HJ, Rowe M, Park SH. Viral latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1)-induced CD99 down-regulation in B cells leads to the generation of cells with Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg phenotype. Blood 2000; 95:294-300. [PMID: 10607715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently we reported that the down-regulation of CD99 (Mic2) is a primary requirement for the generation of Hodgkin's and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells seen in Hodgkin's disease. In this study, we provide evidence that the down-regulation of CD99 is induced by high expression of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent membrane protein 1 (LMP-1), which is highly expressed in H-RS cells of EBV-associated Hodgkin's disease. To investigate the effect of LMP-1 on the expression of CD99 in vitro, we established a stable cell line by transfecting an SV40-early promoter driven-LMP-1 expression construct into a neoplastic lymphoblastoid B cell line, IM9, in which the level of endogenous LMP-1 expression is almost negligible. In this cell line, the overexpression of LMP-1 led to the down-regulation of CD99 and the acquisition of morphological and functional characteristics of H-RS cells indistinguishable from those in lymph nodes of Hodgkin's disease patients and in CD99-deficient B cells. In addition, induced LMP-1 expression in an EBV-negative B cell clone, BJAB, directly caused the down-regulation of surface CD99 expression. Northern and Western analysis data, showing that overexpression of LMP-1 negatively influenced the expression of CD99, were supported by experiments in which a CD99 promoter-driven luciferase promoter reporter construct transfected into 293T cells was down-regulated when LMP-1 was coexpressed. Therefore, our data strongly suggest that the EBV LMP-1 protein plays a pivotal role in the down-regulation of CD99 via transcriptional regulation, which leads to the generation of the H-RS cells. (Blood. 2000;95:294-300)
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Kim
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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49
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Abstract
We investigated the expression of CD99 in 35 hyperplastic perigastric lymph nodes, which were resected for gastric carcinoma or chronic peptic ulcer. Essentially, all lymphocytes in lymph nodes expressed CD99, but there were two populations with respect to the intensity of CD99 expression--CD99high and CD99low cells. We showed CD99high cells were distributed in paracortical and medullary cords by immunohistochemical study while germinal center cells were CD99low. Using three-color flow cytometric analysis with CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD23, CD45RA, CD45RO, CD69, CD138, IgM, IgD, and IgG, most of CD99high cells were shown to be activated/memory T cells. CD4+CD45RO+ T cells were the subset revealing the highest intensity of CD99 expression while CD4+CD45RA+ T cells were CD99low. Among B cells, IgG+ B cells revealed a higher level of CD99 molecules than IgM+ B cells. These results suggest that CD99 is one of activation-related molecules which are upregulated in recently activated lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Park
- Department of Pathology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
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50
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Abstract
To characterize the mechanism by which receptors propagate conformational changes across membranes, nitroxide spin labels were attached at strategic positions in the bacterial aspartate receptor. By collecting the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of these labeled receptors in the presence and absence of the ligand aspartate, ligand binding was shown to generate an approximately 1 angstrom intrasubunit piston-type movement of one transmembrane helix downward relative to the other transmembrane helix. The receptor-associated phosphorylation cascade proteins CheA and CheW did not alter the ligand-induced movement. Because the piston movement is very small, the ability of receptors to produce large outcomes in response to stimuli is caused by the ability of the receptor-coupled enzymes to detect small changes in the conformation of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Ottemann
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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