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Hamamoto Y, Oba K, Ishibashi R, Ding Y, Nouchi R, Sugiura M. Reduced body-image disturbance by body-image interventions is associated with neural-response changes in visual and social processing regions: a preliminary study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1337776. [PMID: 38510808 PMCID: PMC10951070 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1337776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Body-image disturbance is a major factor in the development of eating disorders, especially among young women. There are two main components: perceptual disturbance, characterized by a discrepancy between perceived and actual body size, and affective disturbance, characterized by a discrepancy between perceived and ideal body size. Interventions targeting body-image disturbance ask individuals to describe their own body without using negative expressions when either viewing it in a mirror or imagining it. Despite the importance of reducing body-image disturbance, its neural mechanisms remain unclear. Here we investigated the changes in neural responses before and after an intervention. We hypothesized that neural responses correlated with the degree of body-image disturbance would also be related to its reduction, i.e., a reduction in perceptual and affective disturbances would be related to changes in attentional and socio-cognitive processing, respectively. Methods Twenty-eight young adult women without known psychiatric disorders underwent a single 40-min intervention. Participants completed tasks before and after the intervention, in which they estimated their perceived and ideal body sizes using distorted silhouette images to measure body-image disturbance. We analyzed the behavioral and neural responses of participants during the tasks. Results The intervention did not significantly reduce body-image disturbance. Analysis of individual differences showed distinct changes in neural responses for each type of disturbance. A decrease in perceptual disturbance was associated with bodily visuospatial processing: increased activation in the left superior parietal lobule, bilateral occipital gyri, and right cuneus. Reduced affective disturbance was associated with socio-cognitive processing; decreased activation in the right temporoparietal junction, and increased functional connectivity between the left extrastriate body area and the right precuneus. Discussion We identified distinct neural mechanisms (bodily visuospatial and socio-cognitive processing) associated with the reduction in each component of body-image disturbance. Our results imply that different neural mechanisms are related to reduced perceptual disturbance and the expression thereof, whereas similar neural mechanisms are related to the reduction and expression of affective disturbance. Considering the small sample size of this study, our results should be regarded as preliminary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumi Hamamoto
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oba
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishibashi
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yi Ding
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rui Nouchi
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Motoaki Sugiura
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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Effects of eye and hand movement on cross-modal memory. Mem Cognit 2023:10.3758/s13421-023-01397-4. [PMID: 36697968 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-023-01397-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we determined whether information in eye-hand/hand-eye cross-modal memory is maintained by the input modality used for encoding, the output modality used for testing, or both. In experiments, two categories of effect were examined: facilitatory, produced by rehearsal work with eyes or hands corresponding to the movement of the stimulus to be memorized after its presentation, and interference, formed through the performance of a noncorresponding movement. The results indicated that both the eye and hand facilitated the eye-hand cross-modal memory tasks (Experiment 1A), confirming that both serve a rehearsal function. Subsequently, we conducted an interference effect experiment (Experiment 1B) using the same memory task as that used in Experiment 1A and found that neither modality produced interference effects. This result indicates that information was preserved via output-modality-specific representations when the eye-interference task interfered with the information retention of input-modality-specific representations and via input-modality-specific representations when the hand-interference task interfered with the information retention of output-modality-specific representations. We observed the same facilitation and disappearance of interference effects for the hand-eye cross-modal memory task (Experiments 2A and 2B). In the eye-hand/hand-eye cross-modal memory tasks, the effects of eye and hand rehearsals were found to be comparable, which indicated that the two types of representations functioned together during encoding and testing. From the disappearance of interference effects, the possibility that modality-specific representations have functional aspects arises.
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Groot JM, Csifcsák G, Wientjes S, Forstmann BU, Mittner M. Catching Wandering Minds with Tapping Fingers: Neural and Behavioral Insights into Task-unrelated Cognition. Cereb Cortex 2022; 32:4447-4463. [PMID: 35034114 PMCID: PMC9574234 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
When the human mind wanders, it engages in episodes during which attention is focused on self-generated thoughts rather than on external task demands. Although the sustained attention to response task is commonly used to examine relationships between mind wandering and executive functions, limited executive resources are required for optimal task performance. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between mind wandering and executive functions more closely by employing a recently developed finger-tapping task to monitor fluctuations in attention and executive control through task performance and periodical experience sampling during concurrent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and pupillometry. Our results show that mind wandering was preceded by increases in finger-tapping variability, which was correlated with activity in dorsal and ventral attention networks. The entropy of random finger-tapping sequences was related to activity in frontoparietal regions associated with executive control, demonstrating the suitability of this paradigm for studying executive functioning. The neural correlates of behavioral performance, pupillary dynamics, and self-reported attentional state diverged, thus indicating a dissociation between direct and indirect markers of mind wandering. Together, the investigation of these relationships at both the behavioral and neural level provided novel insights into the identification of underlying mechanisms of mind wandering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine M Groot
- Department of Psychology, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037 , Norway
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1018 WB , The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Csifcsák
- Department of Psychology, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø 9037 , Norway
| | - Sven Wientjes
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Ghent, Ghent 9000 , Belgium
| | - Birte U Forstmann
- Integrative Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience Research Unit, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1018 WB , The Netherlands
| | - Matthias Mittner
- Address correspondence to Matthias Mittner, Department of Psychology, UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Huginbakken 32, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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Kostorz K, Flanagin VL, Glasauer S. Synchronization between instructor and observer when learning a complex bimanual skill. Neuroimage 2020; 216:116659. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Feature interactions enable decoding of sensorimotor transformations for goal-directed movement. J Neurosci 2014; 34:6860-73. [PMID: 24828640 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.5173-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurophysiology and neuroimaging evidence shows that the brain represents multiple environmental and body-related features to compute transformations from sensory input to motor output. However, it is unclear how these features interact during goal-directed movement. To investigate this issue, we examined the representations of sensory and motor features of human hand movements within the left-hemisphere motor network. In a rapid event-related fMRI design, we measured cortical activity as participants performed right-handed movements at the wrist, with either of two postures and two amplitudes, to move a cursor to targets at different locations. Using a multivoxel analysis technique with rigorous generalization tests, we reliably distinguished representations of task-related features (primarily target location, movement direction, and posture) in multiple regions. In particular, we identified an interaction between target location and movement direction in the superior parietal lobule, which may underlie a transformation from the location of the target in space to a movement vector. In addition, we found an influence of posture on primary motor, premotor, and parietal regions. Together, these results reveal the complex interactions between different sensory and motor features that drive the computation of sensorimotor transformations.
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Abstract
Singing provides a unique opportunity to examine music performance—the musical instrument is contained wholly within the body, thus eliminating the need for creating artificial instruments or tasks in neuroimaging experiments. Here, more than two decades of voice and singing research will be reviewed to give an overview of the sensory-motor control of the singing voice, starting from the vocal tract and leading up to the brain regions involved in singing. Additionally, to demonstrate how sensory feedback is integrated with vocal motor control, recent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research on somatosensory and auditory feedback processing during singing will be presented. The relationship between the brain and singing behavior will be explored also by examining: (1) neuroplasticity as a function of various lengths and types of training, (2) vocal amusia due to a compromised singing network, and (3) singing performance in individuals with congenital amusia. Finally, the auditory-motor control network for singing will be considered alongside dual-stream models of auditory processing in music and speech to refine both these theoretical models and the singing network itself.
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Mancini F, Bolognini N, Bricolo E, Vallar G. Cross-modal Processing in the Occipito-temporal Cortex: A TMS Study of the Müller-Lyer Illusion. J Cogn Neurosci 2011; 23:1987-97. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn.2010.21561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The Müller-Lyer illusion occurs both in vision and in touch, and transfers cross-modally from vision to haptics [Mancini, F., Bricolo, E., & Vallar, G. Multisensory integration in the Müller-Lyer illusion: From vision to haptics. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63, 818–830, 2010]. Recent evidence suggests that the neural underpinnings of the Müller-Lyer illusion in the visual modality involve the bilateral lateral occipital complex (LOC) and right superior parietal cortex (SPC). Conversely, the neural correlates of the haptic and cross-modal illusions have never been investigated previously. Here we used repetitive TMS (rTMS) to address the causal role of the regions activated by the visual illusion in the generation of the visual, haptic, and cross-modal visuo-haptic illusory effects, investigating putative modality-specific versus cross-modal underlying processes. rTMS was administered to the right and the left hemisphere, over occipito-temporal cortex or SPC. rTMS over left and right occipito-temporal cortex impaired both unisensory (visual, haptic) and cross-modal processing of the illusion in a similar fashion. Conversely, rTMS interference over left and right SPC did not affect the illusion in any modality. These results demonstrate the causal involvement of bilateral occipito-temporal cortex in the representation of the visual, haptic, and cross-modal Müller-Lyer illusion, in favor of the hypothesis of shared underlying processes. This indicates that occipito-temporal cortex plays a cross-modal role in perception both of illusory and nonillusory shapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Mancini
- 1University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- 2IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Bolognini
- 1University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- 2IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Vallar
- 1University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
- 2IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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8
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Neural networks involved in voluntary and involuntary vocal pitch regulation in experienced singers. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:607-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2009] [Revised: 07/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Holmes NP, Spence C, Hansen PC, Mackay CE, Calvert GA. The multisensory attentional consequences of tool use: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. PLoS One 2008; 3:e3502. [PMID: 18958150 PMCID: PMC2567039 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tool use in humans requires that multisensory information is integrated across different locations, from objects seen to be distant from the hand, but felt indirectly at the hand via the tool. We tested the hypothesis that using a simple tool to perceive vibrotactile stimuli results in the enhanced processing of visual stimuli presented at the distal, functional part of the tool. Such a finding would be consistent with a shift of spatial attention to the location where the tool is used. Methodology/Principal Findings We tested this hypothesis by scanning healthy human participants' brains using functional magnetic resonance imaging, while they used a simple tool to discriminate between target vibrations, accompanied by congruent or incongruent visual distractors, on the same or opposite side to the tool. The attentional hypothesis was supported: BOLD response in occipital cortex, particularly in the right hemisphere lingual gyrus, varied significantly as a function of tool position, increasing contralaterally, and decreasing ipsilaterally to the tool. Furthermore, these modulations occurred despite the fact that participants were repeatedly instructed to ignore the visual stimuli, to respond only to the vibrotactile stimuli, and to maintain visual fixation centrally. In addition, the magnitude of multisensory (visual-vibrotactile) interactions in participants' behavioural responses significantly predicted the BOLD response in occipital cortical areas that were also modulated as a function of both visual stimulus position and tool position. Conclusions/Significance These results show that using a simple tool to locate and to perceive vibrotactile stimuli is accompanied by a shift of spatial attention to the location where the functional part of the tool is used, resulting in enhanced processing of visual stimuli at that location, and decreased processing at other locations. This was most clearly observed in the right hemisphere lingual gyrus. Such modulations of visual processing may reflect the functional importance of visuospatial information during human tool use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Holmes
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
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10
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Diaconescu AO, Kovacevic N, McIntosh AR. Modality-independent processes in cued motor preparation revealed by cortical potentials. Neuroimage 2008; 42:1255-65. [PMID: 18625564 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Oliver RT, Geiger EJ, Lewandowski BC, Thompson-Schill SL. Remembrance of things touched: how sensorimotor experience affects the neural instantiation of object form. Neuropsychologia 2008; 47:239-47. [PMID: 18760292 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2008.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2007] [Revised: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 07/20/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Numerous neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies have highlighted the role of the ventral, occipitotemporal visual processing stream in the representation and retrieval of semantic memory for the appearance of objects. Here, we examine the role of the parietal cortex in retrieval of object shape information. fMRI data were acquired as subjects listened to the names of common objects and made judgments about their shape. Recruitment of the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) during shape retrieval was modulated by the amount of prior tactile experience associated with the objects. In addition, the same pattern of activity was observed in right postcentral gyrus, suggesting that the representation of object shape is distributed amongst regions that are relevant to the sensorimotor acquisition history of this attribute, as predicted by distributed models of semantic memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robyn T Oliver
- Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6241, United States.
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12
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Shikata E, McNamara A, Sprenger A, Hamzei F, Glauche V, Büchel C, Binkofski F. Localization of human intraparietal areas AIP, CIP, and LIP using surface orientation and saccadic eye movement tasks. Hum Brain Mapp 2008; 29:411-21. [PMID: 17497631 PMCID: PMC6870972 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.20396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In monkeys, areas in the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) play a crucial role in visuospatial information processing. Despite many human neuroimaging studies, the location of the human functional homologs of some IPS areas is still a matter of debate. The aim of the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was to identify the distinct locations of specific human IPS areas based on their functional properties using stimuli adapted from nonhuman primate experiments, in particular, surface orientation discrimination and memory guided saccadic eye movements (SEM). Intersubject anatomical variability likely accounts for much of the debate. By applying subject by subject analysis, we can demonstrate that sufficient intersubject anatomical and functional commonalities exist. Both the lateral bank of the anterior part of IPS, the putative human homolog of the area AIP, and the caudal part of the IPS (putative CIP) showed activation related to spatial discrimination of surface orientation. Eye tracking conducted during fMRI data acquisition allowed us to show that both areas were separated by an area related to SEM. This area was located in the middle region of the IPS (most probably including LIP), i.e., similar to the location observed in nonhuman primates. In 10 of 11 subjects our putative CIP activation was located in a medial side branch of the posterior part of the IPS, on the opposite side as described in nonhuman primates, making this landmark a useful anatomical marker for the location of CIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Shikata
- Neuroimage Nord, Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
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13
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Buelte D, Meister IG, Staedtgen M, Dambeck N, Sparing R, Grefkes C, Boroojerdi B. The role of the anterior intraparietal sulcus in crossmodal processing of object features in humans: An rTMS study. Brain Res 2008; 1217:110-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.03.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Revised: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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14
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Zarate JM, Zatorre RJ. Experience-dependent neural substrates involved in vocal pitch regulation during singing. Neuroimage 2008; 40:1871-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2008.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2007] [Revised: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Batterson VG, Rose SA, Yonas A, Grant KS, Sackett GP. The effect of experience on the development of tactual-visual transfer in pigtailed macaque monkeys. Dev Psychobiol 2008; 50:88-96. [PMID: 18085561 DOI: 10.1002/dev.20256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The study described here is the first to experimentally demonstrate the effects of experience on the development of tactual-visual transfer. Infant pigtailed macaque monkeys (Macaca nemestrina) were reared from birth to 2 months of age in special cages that allowed the separation of tactual and visual experience. When assessed on a battery of measures at the end of the 2-month period, animals reared without the opportunity to integrate information across the two sensory modalities performed at chance levels on a paired-comparison measure of tactual-visual transfer and performed worse than controls in a visually guided reaching task. After living in the standard laboratory environment for 2 additional months, they were reassessed. While their visually guided reaching now no longer differed from that of controls, they continued to perform at chance on the tactual-visual transfer assessment and their performance on this task was significantly worse than the control groups. Performance on visual acuity and visual recognition memory measures did not differ between groups at either age, suggesting that the deficit was limited to tactual-visual functioning. The results are discussed in terms of a possible sensitive period during which specific environmental input is required for the development of normal tactual-visual cross-modal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Gunderson Batterson
- Department of Comparative Medicine, Center on Human Development and Disability, Washington National Primate Research Center, University of Washington, WA, USA
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Soldan A, Zarahn E, Hilton HJ, Stern Y. Global familiarity of visual stimuli affects repetition-related neural plasticity but not repetition priming. Neuroimage 2007; 39:515-26. [PMID: 17913513 PMCID: PMC2140238 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we tested the prediction of the component process model of priming [Henson, R.N. (2003). Neuroimaging studies of priming. Prog Neurobiol, 70 (1), 53-81] that repetition priming of familiar and unfamiliar objects produces qualitatively different neural repetition effects. In an fMRI study, subjects viewed four repetitions of familiar objects and globally unfamiliar objects with familiar components. Reliable behavioral priming occurred for both item types across the four presentations and was of a similar magnitude for both stimulus types. The imaging data were analyzed using multivariate linear modeling, which permits explicit testing of the hypothesis that the repetition effects for familiar and unfamiliar objects are qualitatively different (i.e., non-scaled versions of one another). The results showed the presence of two qualitatively different latent spatial patterns of repetition effects from presentation 1 to presentation 4 for familiar and unfamiliar objects, indicating that familiarity with an object's global structural, semantic, or lexical features is an important factor in priming-related neural plasticity. The first latent spatial pattern strongly weighted regions with a similar repetition effect for both item types. The second pattern strongly weighted regions contributing a repetition suppression effect for the familiar objects and repetition enhancement for the unfamiliar objects, particularly the posterior insula, superior temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus, and cingulate cortex. This differential repetition effect might reflect the formation of novel memory representations for the unfamiliar items, which already exist for the familiar objects, consistent with the component process model of priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Soldan
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division of the Taub Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Meehan SK, Staines WR. The effect of task-relevance on primary somatosensory cortex during continuous sensory-guided movement in the presence of bimodal competition. Brain Res 2007; 1138:148-58. [PMID: 17275792 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.12.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2006] [Revised: 11/30/2006] [Accepted: 12/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent perceptual neuroimaging studies have shown that intermodal selective attention extracts relevant information from one modality at the expense of another at the level of unimodal sensory cortex. The present paper sought 1) to determine the effects of intermodal selective attention on primary somatosensory cortex (S1) during continuous sensorimotor transformations, 2) to investigate the interactions of spatial relationship between the target and distracter modalities on S1 and 3) to identify any potential modulators during continuous sensorimotor transformations. Functional MRI was acquired while participants (n=10) received simultaneous vibrotactile and visuospatial stimulation. In each condition, participants tracked either vibrotactile stimulation (25 Hz), applied to the right index finger with variable intensity, or a visuospatial stimulus, a centrally presented dial where the spatial position of a needle randomly moved, by applying graded force to a force sensing resistor. The distracter modality either originated from a location that was spatially related or distinct to the target that guided movement. Vibrotactile tracking resulted in decreased S1 activation relative to when it was task-irrelevant. Neither S1 activity nor tracking performance was influenced by spatial relationship. In addition the superior parietal lobe/precuneus (BA 7), inferior parietal lobe (BA 40), precentral gyrus (BA 6) and secondary visual areas (BA 18 and 19) may modulate the extraction of task-relevant information while the insula (BA 13) may do so during cases of spatial conflict. We conclude that modulation of S1 is important to the proper execution of sensory-guided movements and that sensorimotor requirements determine the mechanisms of intermodal selective attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean K Meehan
- Department of Kinesiology, BMH 1114, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
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Molholm S, Sehatpour P, Mehta AD, Shpaner M, Gomez-Ramirez M, Ortigue S, Dyke JP, Schwartz TH, Foxe JJ. Audio-visual multisensory integration in superior parietal lobule revealed by human intracranial recordings. J Neurophysiol 2006; 96:721-9. [PMID: 16687619 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00285.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial recordings from three human subjects provide the first direct electrophysiological evidence for audio-visual multisensory processing in the human superior parietal lobule (SPL). Auditory and visual sensory inputs project to the same highly localized region of the parietal cortex with auditory inputs arriving considerably earlier (30 ms) than visual inputs (75 ms). Multisensory integration processes in this region were assessed by comparing the response to simultaneous audio-visual stimulation with the algebraic sum of responses to the constituent auditory and visual unisensory stimulus conditions. Significant integration effects were seen with almost identical morphology across the three subjects, beginning between 120 and 160 ms. These results are discussed in the context of the role of SPL in supramodal spatial attention and sensory-motor transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Molholm
- Cognitive Neurophysiology Lab., Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia, Nathan S. Kline Inst. for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd., Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.
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Culham JC, Cavina-Pratesi C, Singhal A. The role of parietal cortex in visuomotor control: what have we learned from neuroimaging? Neuropsychologia 2005; 44:2668-84. [PMID: 16337974 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 324] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2005] [Revised: 10/07/2005] [Accepted: 11/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Research from macaque neurophysiology and human neuropsychology has implicated the parietal cortex in the sensory control of action. Functional neuroimaging has been very valuable in localizing and characterizing specific regions of the human brain involved in visuomotor actions involving different effectors, such as the eyes, head, arms and hands. Here, we review the areas discovered by human neuroimaging, including the putative functional equivalents of the following macaque regions: parietal eye fields (PEF), ventral intraparietal (VIP) area, parietal reach region (PRR) and the anterior intraparietal (AIP) area. We discuss the challenges of studying realistic movements in the imaging environment, the lateralization of visuomotor function, caveats involved in proposing interspecies homologies and the limitations and future directions for neuroimaging studies of visuomotor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody C Culham
- Department of Psychology, Social Science Centre, University of Western Ontario, London Ont., Canada N6A 5C2.
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