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Yin F, Si F, Huo S, Wang Z, Yang H, Zhao X, Cao J. Social anxiety modulating early processing for social threat words: an ERP study. Cogn Emot 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39046729 DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2024.2381660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Even though some recent research revealed individuals with HSA typically display enhanced processing in the early stages of emotional information processing due to hypervigilance and vulnerability to negative stimuli, it is still unclear whether social anxiety affects the time course underlying processing bias for emotional stimuli. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the early stage of processing social threat stimuli in high social anxiety (HSA) individuals by recording RTs and EEG data in the emotional Stroop task. Behavioral data showed that the HSA group responded to the threat words faster than neutral words (i.e. negative bias), but no emotional effects in the low social anxiety (LSA) group. Although the P1 component did not show any early effects, ERP data exhibited an enhanced N170 for HSA than for LSA groups. Threat words elicited larger N170 than neutral words in the LSA group only; this emotion effect was not evident in the HSA group. These findings indicated that social anxiety modulates early processing for social threat words. This study revealed the neural mechanisms underlying early emotional processing in individuals with social anxiety, providing insights for the evaluation and intervention of social anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yin
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Si
- Key Laboratory of Human Factors and Ergonomics for State Market Regulation, China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Huo
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengjun Wang
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Yang
- Department of Psychology, Daqing Third Hospital, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwu Zhao
- Department of Psychology, Daqing Third Hospital, Daqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqin Cao
- Department of Nursing, Harbin Medical University, Daqing, People's Republic of China
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Shi H, Sun G, Zhao L. The effect of age on the early stage of face perception in depressed patients: An ERP study. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:710614. [PMID: 35966461 PMCID: PMC9366469 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.710614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the age effect on face perceptual processing in MDD patients by analyzing the N170 component in response to faces and objects presented in upright and inverted conditions. For controls, although the N170 amplitude, overall, did not differ between young and middle-aged participants, the size of N170 inversion effect was larger for young than for middle-aged controls, but the N170 face effect was not influenced by age. For young participants, MDD patients showed N170 amplitude similar to controls and neither the N170 face effect nor the N170 inversion effect were influenced by depression. For middle-aged participants, MDD patients revealed larger N170 than did controls, and both the size of N170 inversion effect and the N170 face effect were larger for MDD patients than controls. These data indicate that, at least at the early stage of face perception, there is altered face perception in middle-aged but not in young MDD patients. This research could provide new evidence for clinical assessment of cognitive function in MDD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shi
- School of Foreign Languages, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Gang Sun
- The Department of Medical Imaging, The 960th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Jinan, China
| | - Lun Zhao
- School of Education Science, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Salisbury DF, Krompinger JW, Lynn SK, Onitsuka T, McCarley RW. Neutral face and complex object neurophysiological processing deficits in long-term schizophrenia and in first hospitalized schizophrenia-spectrum individuals. Int J Psychophysiol 2019; 145:57-64. [PMID: 31173768 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Face processing is impaired in long-term schizophrenia as indexed by a reduced face-related N170 event-related potential (ERP) that corresponds with volumetric decreases in right fusiform gyrus. Impairment in face processing may constitute an object-specific deficit in schizophrenia that relates to social impairment and misattribution of social signs in the disease, or the face deficit may be part of a more general deficit in complex visual processing. Further, it is not clear the degree to which face and complex object processing deficits are present early in disease course. To that end, the current study investigated face- and object-elicited N170 in long-term schizophrenia and the first hospitalized schizophrenia-spectrum. METHODS ERPs were collected from 32 long-term schizophrenia patients and 32 matched controls, and from 31 first hospitalization patients and 31 matched controls. Subjects detected rarely presented butterflies among non-target neutral faces and automobiles. RESULTS For both patient groups, the N170s to all stimuli were significantly attenuated. Despite this overall reduction, the increase in N170 amplitude to faces was intact in both patient samples. Symptoms were not correlated with N170 amplitude or latency to faces. CONCLUSIONS Information processing of complex stimuli is fundamentally impaired in schizophrenia, as reflected in attenuated N170 ERPs in both first hospitalized and long-term patients. This suggests the presence of low-level visual complex object processing deficits near disease onset that persist with disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean F Salisbury
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Belmont, MA, USA.
| | - Jason W Krompinger
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Spencer K Lynn
- McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Belmont, MA, USA
| | - Toshiaki Onitsuka
- Veteran Affairs Healthcare System - Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert W McCarley
- Veteran Affairs Healthcare System - Brockton Division, Brockton, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Naro A, Leo A, Bruno R, Cannavò A, Buda A, Manuli A, Bramanti A, Bramanti P, Calabrò RS. Reducing the rate of misdiagnosis in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness: Is there a place for audiovisual stimulation? Restor Neurol Neurosci 2018; 35:511-526. [PMID: 28800340 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-170741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The patients with chronic Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) mostly present with extremely challenging differential diagnosis. The advanced analysis of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals induced by brain stimulation paradigms may provide an appropriate approach to differentiate patients with DoC, besides the clinical assessment. OBJECTIVE This study was performed with an objective of identifying residual brain network perturbations following an innovative, non-invasive audiovisual stimulation protocol, which could be related to behavioral responsiveness in patients with DoC. METHODS The study comprised of ten healthy controls (HC), seven patients with Minimally Conscious State (MCS), and nine patients with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome (UWS). Both synchronous as well as asynchronous transorbital and transauricolar alternating current were employed as stimuli and their effects were measured in terms of functional and effective connectivity. RESULTS A more noticeable deterioration of long range connectivity patterns were found in patients with UWS than in those with MCS, with an exception of two patients with UWS, who showed connectivity values similar to those of MCS patients. CONCLUSION The audiovisual stimulation paradigm used in the present study may be employed as a supportive bedside tool for improving the differential diagnosis in patients with DoC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Naro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Leo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Rocco Bruno
- Otorhinolaryngoiatry Unit, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonino Cannavò
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Antonio Buda
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Alfredo Manuli
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", c.da Casazza, Messina, Italy
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Yang C, Zhang T, Li Z, Heeramun-Aubeeluck A, Liu N, Huang N, Zhang J, He L, Li H, Tang Y, Chen F, Wang J, Lu Z. Changes in event-related potentials in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and their siblings. BMC Psychiatry 2017; 17:20. [PMID: 28095817 PMCID: PMC5240372 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-016-1189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to explore the characteristics of event-related potentials induced by facial emotion recognition in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and in their siblings. METHODS In this case-control study, 30 first-episode schizophrenia patients, 26 siblings, and 30 healthy controls were enrolled. They completed facial emotion recognition tasks from the Ekman Standard Faces Database as an induction for evoked potentials. Evoked potential data were obtained using a 64-channel electroencephalography system. Average evoked potential waveforms were computed from epochs for each stimulus type. The amplitudes and latency of the event-related potentials for P100 (positive potential 100 ms after stimulus onset), N170 (negative potential 170 ms after stimulus onset), and N250 (fronto-central peak) were investigated at O1, O2, P7, and P8 electrode locations. RESULTS There were significant differences between the groups for P100 amplitude (F = 11.526, P < 0.001), electrode position (F = 450.592, P < 0.001), emotion (disgust vs. happiness vs. fear) (F = 1722.467, P < 0.001), and emotion intensity (low vs. moderate vs. high) (F = 1737.169, P < 0.001). Post hoc analysis showed significantly larger amplitudes in the schizophrenia group at the O1, O2, P7, and P8 electrode positions. There were no significant differences between the siblings of schizophrenia patients and the healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Patients with schizophrenia showed abnormalities in P100 amplitude, but similar results were not observed in their siblings. These results provide evidence of dysfunctional event-related potential patterns underlying facial emotion processing in patients with schizophrenia. P100 may be a characteristic index of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengqing Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Tianhong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127 China
| | - Anisha Heeramun-Aubeeluck
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Nan Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Leiying He
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Fazhan Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Zheng Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Department of Psychiatry, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 389 Xin Cun Road, Shanghai, 200065, China.
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Electrophysiological evidence for separation between human face and non-face object processing only in the right hemisphere. Int J Psychophysiol 2015; 98:119-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Meta-analysis of face processing event-related potentials in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2015; 77:116-26. [PMID: 24923618 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is associated with impaired face processing. N170 and N250 are two event-related potentials that have been studied in relation to face processing in schizophrenia, but the results have been mixed. The aim of this article was to conduct a meta-analysis of N170 and N250 in schizophrenia to evaluate trends and resolve the inconsistencies. METHODS Twenty-one studies of N170 (n = 438 schizophrenia patients, n = 418 control subjects) and six studies of N250 (n = 149 schizophrenia patients, n = 151 control subjects) were evaluated. Hedges' g was calculated for each study, and the overall weighted mean effect size (ES) was calculated for N170 and N250. Homogeneity of the ES distributions, potential publication bias, and impact of potential moderators were also assessed. RESULTS The amplitude of both N170 and N250 to face stimuli was smaller in patients than control subjects (N170 ES = .64; N250 ES = .49; ps < .001). The distributions of the ES were homogeneous (ps > .90), and there was no indication of a publication bias. We found no significant effect of task requirements regarding judgments of the face stimuli. Moreover, we found no significant difference between the ES for N170 and N250. CONCLUSIONS Though findings of individual studies have been mixed, the results of the meta-analysis strongly support disruption of N170 and N250 in schizophrenia. The comparable effect sizes across the two waveforms suggest that the well-established behavioral deficit in face emotion processing is mirrored in an underlying neural impairment for processing faces.
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Proverbio AM, Riva F, Martin E, Zani A. Face coding is bilateral in the female brain. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11242. [PMID: 20574528 PMCID: PMC2888585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It is currently believed that face processing predominantly activates the right hemisphere in humans, but available literature is very inconsistent. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, ERPs were recorded in 50 right-handed women and men in response to 390 faces (of different age and sex), and 130 technological objects. Results showed no sex difference in the amplitude of N170 to objects; a much larger face-specific response over the right hemisphere in men, and a bilateral response in women; a lack of face-age coding effect over the left hemisphere in men, with no differences in N170 to faces as a function of age; a significant bilateral face-age coding effect in women. Conclusions/Significance LORETA reconstruction showed a significant left and right asymmetry in the activation of the fusiform gyrus (BA19), in women and men, respectively. The present data reveal a lesser degree of lateralization of brain functions related to face coding in women than men. In this light, they may provide an explanation of the inconsistencies in the available literature concerning the asymmetric activity of left and right occipito-temporal cortices devoted to face perception during processing of face identity, structure, familiarity or affective content.
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Susac A, Ilmoniemi RJ, Pihko E, Ranken D, Supek S. Early cortical responses are sensitive to changes in face stimuli. Brain Res 2010; 1346:155-64. [PMID: 20510886 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Face-related processing has been demonstrated already in the early evoked response around 100 ms after stimulus. The aims of this study were to explore these early responses both at sensor and cortical source level and to explore to what extent they might be modulated by a change in face stimulus. Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) recordings, a visual oddball paradigm, and a semiautomated spatiotemporal source localization method were used to investigate cortical responses to changes in face stimuli. Upright and inverted faces were presented in an oddball paradigm with four conditions; standards and deviants differing in emotion or identity. The task in all conditions was silent counting of the target face with glasses. Deviant face stimuli elicited larger MEG responses at about 100 ms than standard ones did but only for upright faces. Spatiotemporal source localization up to 140 ms after stimulus revealed activation of parietal and temporal sources in addition to occipital ones, all of which demonstrated differences in locations and dynamics for standards, deviants, and targets. Peak latencies of the identified cortical sources were shorter for deviants than standards, again only for upright faces. Our results showed differences in cortical responses to standards and deviants that were more pronounced for upright than for inverted faces, suggesting early detection of face-related changes in visual stimulation. The observed effect provides new evidence for the face sensitivity of the early neuromagnetic response around 100 ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Susac
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Croatia.
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Abstract
AbstractDetection of a change in face is a socially important skill. Both event-related potential (ERP) and magnetoencephalographic (MEG) measurements were conducted using face stimuli presented in an oddball paradigm to investigate detection of a change in face identity and facial expression. In condition 1, a nontarget deviant neutral face was presented among standard happy faces. In condition 2, the same deviant neutral face was presented with a standard neutral face of another person. The task in both conditions was silent counting of a second deviant (face with glasses). Non-target deviants elicited more negative ERP and corresponding MEG responses than standards in both conditions. This negativity was strongest at lateral posterior channels around 280 ms. Responses to the same deviant neutral face differed in two conditions. Deviance-related negativity resembled auditory mismatch negativity (MMN). Different responses to the same deviant in the two conditions suggest the existence of a sensory-memory trace for the standard to which the deviant was compared.
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Proverbio AM, Brignone V, Matarazzo S, Del Zotto M, Zani A. Gender differences in hemispheric asymmetry for face processing. BMC Neurosci 2006; 7:44. [PMID: 16762056 PMCID: PMC1523199 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-7-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 06/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current cognitive neuroscience models predict a right-hemispheric dominance for face processing in humans. However, neuroimaging and electromagnetic data in the literature provide conflicting evidence of a right-sided brain asymmetry for decoding the structural properties of faces. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether this inconsistency might be due to gender differences in hemispheric asymmetry. RESULTS In this study, event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded in 40 healthy, strictly right-handed individuals (20 women and 20 men) while they observed infants' faces expressing a variety of emotions. Early face-sensitive P1 and N1 responses to neutral vs. affective expressions were measured over the occipital/temporal cortices, and the responses were analyzed according to viewer gender. Along with a strong right hemispheric dominance for men, the results showed a lack of asymmetry for face processing in the amplitude of the occipito-temporal N1 response in women to both neutral and affective faces. CONCLUSION Men showed an asymmetric functioning of visual cortex while decoding faces and expressions, whereas women showed a more bilateral functioning. These results indicate the importance of gender effects in the lateralization of the occipito-temporal response during the processing of face identity, structure, familiarity, or affective content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice M Proverbio
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Viale dell'Innovazione 10, 20126, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Milano-Segrate, Italy
| | - Valentina Brignone
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Viale dell'Innovazione 10, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Matarazzo
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Viale dell'Innovazione 10, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Marzia Del Zotto
- Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Viale dell'Innovazione 10, 20126, Milan, Italy
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Milano-Segrate, Italy
| | - Alberto Zani
- Institute of Bioimaging and Molecular Physiology (CNR), Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Milano-Segrate, Italy
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