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Opdenaker J, Blinch J, Scolari M. Post-error adjustments occur in both reaching and grasping. Exp Brain Res 2024; 242:1495-1505. [PMID: 38704771 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-024-06836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Post-error slowing (PES), the tendency to slow down a behavioral response after a previous error, has typically been investigated during simple cognitive tasks using response time as a measure of PES magnitude. More recently, PES was investigated during a single reach-to-grasp task to determine where post-error adjustments are employed in a more ecological setting. Kinematic analyses in the previous study detected PES during pre-movement planning and within the grasping component of movement execution. In the current study (N = 22), we increased the cognitive demands of a reach-to-grasp task by adding a choice between target and distractor locations to further explore PES, and other post-error adjustments, under different task conditions. We observed a significant main effect of task condition on overall reaction time (RT); however, it did not significantly impact PES or other post-error adjustments. Nonetheless, the results of this study suggest post-error adjustment is a flexible process that can be observed during pre-movement planning and within the onset and magnitude of the reaching component, as well as in the magnitudes of the grasping component. Considering the sum of the results in the context of existing literature, we conclude that the findings add support to a functional account of error reactivity, such that post-error adjustments are implemented intentionally to improve performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Opdenaker
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jarrod Blinch
- Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas Tech University, Box 43011, Lubbock, TX, 79409,, USA.
| | - Miranda Scolari
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
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2
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Bonato B, Castiello U, Guerra S, Wang Q. Motor cognition in plants: from thought to real experiments. THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 36:423-437. [PMID: 39132627 PMCID: PMC7616355 DOI: 10.1007/s40626-023-00304-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Motor cognition involves the process of planning and executing goal-directed movements and recognizing, anticipating, and interpreting others' actions. Motor cognitive functions are generally associated with the presence of a brain and are ascribed only to humans and other animal species. A growing body of evidence suggests that aneural organisms, like climbing plants, exhibit behaviors driven by the intention to achieve goals, challenging our understanding of cognition. Here, we propose an inclusive perspective under motor cognition to explain climbing plants' behavior. We will first review our empirical research based on kinematical analysis to understand movement in pea plants. Then, we situate this empirical research within the current theoretical debate aimed at extending the principles of cognition to aneural organisms. A novel comparative perspective that considers the perception-action cycle, involving transforming perceived environmental elements into intended movement patterns, is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bonato
- Department of General Psychology (DPG), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Umberto Castiello
- Department of General Psychology (DPG), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Guerra
- Department of General Psychology (DPG), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Qiuran Wang
- Department of General Psychology (DPG), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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3
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Van Dyck D, Deconinck N, Aeby A, Baijot S, Coquelet N, De Tiège X, Urbain C. Atypical procedural learning skills in children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:1245-1267. [PMID: 36458657 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2152433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the procedural learning deficit hypothesis in Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) while controlling for global performance such as slower reaction times (RTs) and variability. Procedural (sequence) learning was assessed in 31 children with DCD and 31 age-matched typically developing (TD) children through a serial reaction time task (SRTT). Sequential and random trial conditions were intermixed within five training epochs. Two repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted on a Sequence-Specific Learning Index (SSLI) and a Global Performance Index (GPI, speed/accuracy measure) with Epoch (for SSLI and GPI) and Condition (for GPI) as within-subjects factors, and Group as between-subjects factor. Controlling for RTs differences through normalized RTs, revealed a global reduction of SSLI in children with DCD compared with TD peers suggesting reduced sequence learning skills in DCD. Still, a significant Group x Condition interaction observed on GPI indicated that children from both groups were able to discriminate between sequential and random trials. DCD presented reduced procedural learning skills after controlling for global performance. This finding highlights the importance of considering the general functioning of the child while assessing learning skills in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Van Dyck
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF) - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Coquelet
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charline Urbain
- Laboratoire de Neuroanatomie et Neuroimagerie translationnelles (LN2T), ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Hôpital Erasme - Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (HUB), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
- Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Group (UR2NF) at Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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4
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Straulino E, Scarpazza C, Spoto A, Betti S, Chozas Barrientos B, Sartori L. The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Facial Movements Reveals the Left Side of a Posed Smile. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1160. [PMID: 37759560 PMCID: PMC10525663 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Humans can recombine thousands of different facial expressions. This variability is due to the ability to voluntarily or involuntarily modulate emotional expressions, which, in turn, depends on the existence of two anatomically separate pathways. The Voluntary (VP) and Involuntary (IP) pathways mediate the production of posed and spontaneous facial expressions, respectively, and might also affect the left and right sides of the face differently. This is a neglected aspect in the literature on emotion, where posed expressions instead of genuine expressions are often used as stimuli. Two experiments with different induction methods were specifically designed to investigate the unfolding of spontaneous and posed facial expressions of happiness along the facial vertical axis (left, right) with a high-definition 3-D optoelectronic system. The results showed that spontaneous expressions were distinguished from posed facial movements as revealed by reliable spatial and speed key kinematic patterns in both experiments. Moreover, VP activation produced a lateralization effect: compared with the felt smile, the posed smile involved an initial acceleration of the left corner of the mouth, while an early deceleration of the right corner occurred in the second phase of the movement, after the velocity peak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Straulino
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Cristina Scarpazza
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
- Translational Neuroimaging and Cognitive Lab, IRCCS San Camillo Hospital, Via Alberoni 70, 30126 Venice, Italy
| | - Andrea Spoto
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Sonia Betti
- Department of Psychology, Centre for Studies and Research in Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Bologna, Viale Rasi e Spinelli 176, 47521 Cesena, Italy;
| | - Beatriz Chozas Barrientos
- Department of Chiropractic Medicine, University of Zurich, Balgrist University Hospital, Forchstrasse 340, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland;
| | - Luisa Sartori
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Via Venezia 8, 35131 Padova, Italy; (C.S.); (A.S.)
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Via Giuseppe Orus 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
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5
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Tsuchida N, Kasuga A, Kawakami M. Post-error behavioral adjustments under reactive control among older adults. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1001866. [PMID: 36389579 PMCID: PMC9663834 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1001866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the effects of aging on post-error behavioral adjustments from the perspective of cognitive control. A modified error awareness task was administered to young (n = 50) and older (n = 50) adults. In this task, two buttons were placed on the left and right sides in front of the participants, who were instructed to use the right button to perform a go/no-go task, and were notified if they made an error. There were three experimental conditions (A, B, and C): participants had to push the right button once in Condition A and twice in Condition B and C when a go-stimulus was presented. Conversely, participants were asked to withhold their response when a no-go stimulus was presented. Response inhibition differed depending on the experimental condition. The participants were asked to push the left button as quickly as possible when an error occurred. The results showed relatively longer reaction times to sudden errors among older adults compared with young adults. Furthermore, the difference in the error responses (i.e., accidentally pushing the right button once or twice when a no-go stimulus was presented) strongly influenced older adults' response time after an error. These results suggest that the shift from proactive to reactive control may significantly influence post-error behavioral adjustments in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Tsuchida
- College of Comprehensive Psychology, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Kasuga
- Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Miki Kawakami
- Institute of Human Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Osaka, Japan
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6
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Boukarras S, Özkan DG, Era V, Moreau Q, Tieri G, Candidi M. Midfrontal Theta tACS Facilitates Motor Coordination in Dyadic Human-Avatar Interactions. J Cogn Neurosci 2022; 34:897-915. [PMID: 35171250 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Synchronous interpersonal motor interactions require moment-to-moment prediction and proactive monitoring of the partner's actions. Neurophysiologically, this is highlighted by an enhancement of midfrontal theta (4-7 Hz) oscillations. In this study, we explored the causal role of midfrontal theta for interpersonal motor interactions using transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). We implemented a realistic human-avatar interaction task in immersive virtual reality where participants controlled a virtual arm and hand to press a button synchronously with a virtual partner. Participants completed the task while receiving EEG-informed theta (Experiment 1) or beta (control frequency, Experiment 2) tACS over the frontal midline, as well as sham stimulation as a control. Results showed that midfrontal theta tACS significantly improved behavioral performance (i.e., reduced interpersonal asynchrony) and participants' motor strategies (i.e., increased movement times and reduced RTs), whereas beta tACS had no effect on these measures. These results suggest that theta tACS over frontal areas facilitates action monitoring and motor abilities supporting interpersonal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Boukarras
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Duru Gun Özkan
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Vanessa Era
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Quentin Moreau
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaetano Tieri
- IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Unitelma Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Candidi
- Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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7
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Connectivity modulations induced by reach&grasp movements: a multidimensional approach. Sci Rep 2021; 11:23097. [PMID: 34845265 PMCID: PMC8630117 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Reach&grasp requires highly coordinated activation of different brain areas. We investigated whether reach&grasp kinematics is associated to EEG-based networks changes. We enrolled 10 healthy subjects. We analyzed the reach&grasp kinematics of 15 reach&grasp movements performed with each upper limb. Simultaneously, we obtained a 64-channel EEG, synchronized with the reach&grasp movement time points. We elaborated EEG signals with EEGLAB 12 in order to obtain event related synchronization/desynchronization (ERS/ERD) and lagged linear coherence between Brodmann areas. Finally, we evaluated network topology via sLORETA software, measuring network local and global efficiency (clustering and path length) and the overall balance (small-worldness). We observed a widespread ERD in α and β bands during reach&grasp, especially in the centro-parietal regions of the hemisphere contralateral to the movement. Regarding functional connectivity, we observed an α lagged linear coherence reduction among Brodmann areas contralateral to the arm involved in the reach&grasp movement. Interestingly, left arm movement determined widespread changes of α lagged linear coherence, specifically among right occipital regions, insular cortex and somatosensory cortex, while the right arm movement exerted a restricted contralateral sensory-motor cortex modulation. Finally, no change between rest and movement was found for clustering, path length and small-worldness. Through a synchronized acquisition, we explored the cortical correlates of the reach&grasp movement. Despite EEG perturbations, suggesting that the non-dominant reach&grasp network has a complex architecture probably linked to the necessity of a higher visual control, the pivotal topological measures of network local and global efficiency remained unaffected.
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8
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Cai W, Warren SL, Duberg K, Pennington B, Hinshaw SP, Menon V. Latent brain state dynamics distinguish behavioral variability, impaired decision-making, and inattention. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:4944-4957. [PMID: 33589738 PMCID: PMC8589642 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-021-01022-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) have prominent deficits in sustained attention that manifest as elevated intra-individual response variability and poor decision-making. Influential neurocognitive models have linked attentional fluctuations to aberrant brain dynamics, but these models have not been tested with computationally rigorous procedures. Here we use a Research Domain Criteria approach, drift-diffusion modeling of behavior, and a novel Bayesian Switching Dynamic System unsupervised learning algorithm, with ultrafast temporal resolution (490 ms) whole-brain task-fMRI data, to investigate latent brain state dynamics of salience, frontoparietal, and default mode networks and their relation to response variability, latent decision-making processes, and inattention. Our analyses revealed that occurrence of a task-optimal latent brain state predicted decreased intra-individual response variability and increased evidence accumulation related to decision-making. In contrast, occurrence and dwell time of a non-optimal latent brain state predicted inattention symptoms and furthermore, in a categorical analysis, distinguished children with ADHD from controls. Importantly, functional connectivity between salience and frontoparietal networks predicted rate of evidence accumulation to a decision threshold, whereas functional connectivity between salience and default mode networks predicted inattention. Taken together, our computational modeling reveals dissociable latent brain state features underlying response variability, impaired decision-making, and inattentional symptoms common to ADHD. Our findings provide novel insights into the neurobiology of attention deficits in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Cai
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Stacie L Warren
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Duberg
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - Stephen P Hinshaw
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
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9
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de Mooij SMM, Dumontheil I, Kirkham NZ, Raijmakers MEJ, van der Maas HLJ. Post-error slowing: Large scale study in an online learning environment for practising mathematics and language. Dev Sci 2021; 25:e13174. [PMID: 34453470 PMCID: PMC9286459 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The ability to monitor and adjust our performance is crucial for adaptive behaviour, a key component of human cognitive control. One widely studied metric of this behaviour is post-error slowing (PES), the finding that humans tend to slow down their performance after making an error. This study is a first attempt at generalizing the effect of PES to an online adaptive learning environment where children practise mathematics and language skills. This population was of particular interest since the major development of error processing occurs during childhood. Eight million response patterns were collected from 150,000 users aged 5 to 13 years old for 6 months, across 23 different learning activities. PES could be observed in most learning activities and greater PES was associated with greater post-error accuracy. PES also varied as a function of several variables. At the task level, PES was greater when there was less time pressure, when errors were slower, and in learning activities focusing on mathematical rather than language skills. At the individual level, students who chose the most difficult level to practise and had higher skill ability also showed greater PES. Finally, non-linear developmental differences in error processing were found, where the PES magnitude increased from 6 to 9-years-old and decreased from 9 to 13. This study shows that PES underlies adaptive behaviour in an educational context for primary school students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M M de Mooij
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
| | - Iroise Dumontheil
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.,Centre for Educational Neuroscience, University of London, London, UK
| | - Natasha Z Kirkham
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Centre for Brain and Cognitive Development, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK
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10
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Ceccarini F, Guerra S, Peressotti A, Peressotti F, Bulgheroni M, Baccinelli W, Bonato B, Castiello U. On-line control of movement in plants. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 564:86-91. [PMID: 32747088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.06.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
At first glance, plants seem relatively immobile and, unlike animals, unable to interact with the surroundings or escape stressful environments. But, although markedly different from those of animals, movement pervades all aspects of plant behaviour. Here, we focused our investigation on the approaching movement of climbing plants, that is the movement they perform to reach-to-climb a support. In particular, we examined whether climbing plants evolved a motor accuracy mechanism as to improve the precision of their movement and how this eventually differs from animal species. For this purpose, by means of three-dimensional kinematical analysis, we investigated whether climbing plants have the ability to correct online their movement by means of secondary submovements, and if their frequency production is influenced by the difficulty of the task. Results showed, not only that plants correct their movement in flight, but also that they strategically increase the production of secondary submovements when the task requires more precision, exactly as humans do. These findings support the hypothesis that the movement of plants is far cry from being a simple cause-effect mechanism, but rather is appropriately planned, controlled and eventually corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Silvia Guerra
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Peressotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari, Ambientali e Animali, Università Degli Studi di Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Francesca Peressotti
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Dello Sviluppo e Della Socializzazione, Università Degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Bianca Bonato
- Department of General Psychology, University of Padova, Italy
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11
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Van Dyck D, Deconinck N, Aeby A, Baijot S, Coquelet N, Trotta N, Rovai A, Goldman S, Urbain C, Wens V, De Tiège X. Resting-state functional brain connectivity is related to subsequent procedural learning skills in school-aged children. Neuroimage 2021; 240:118368. [PMID: 34242786 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This magnetoencephalography (MEG) study investigates how procedural sequence learning performance is related to prior brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC), and to what extent sequence learning induces rapid changes in brain rsFC in school-aged children. Procedural learning was assessed in 30 typically developing children (mean age ± SD: 9.99 years ± 1.35) using a serial reaction time task (SRTT). During SRTT, participants touched as quickly and accurately as possible a stimulus sequentially or randomly appearing in one of the quadrants of a touchscreen. Band-limited power envelope correlation (brain rsFC) was applied to MEG data acquired at rest pre- and post-learning. Correlation analyses were performed between brain rsFC and sequence-specific learning or response time indices. Stronger pre-learning interhemispheric rsFC between inferior parietal and primary somatosensory/motor areas correlated with better subsequent sequence learning performance and faster visuomotor response time. Faster response time was associated with post-learning decreased rsFC within the dorsal extra-striate visual stream and increased rsFC between temporo-cerebellar regions. In school-aged children, variations in functional brain architecture at rest within the sensorimotor network account for interindividual differences in sequence learning and visuomotor performance. After learning, rapid adjustments in functional brain architecture are associated with visuomotor performance but not sequence learning skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorine Van Dyck
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nicolas Deconinck
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alec Aeby
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit (UR2NF), Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Baijot
- Department of Neurology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola (HUDERF), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit (UR2NF), Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Coquelet
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nicola Trotta
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Antonin Rovai
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Serge Goldman
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Charline Urbain
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Neuropsychology and Functional Neuroimaging Research Unit (UR2NF), Center for Research in Cognition and Neurosciences (CRCN) and ULB Neurosciences Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Vincent Wens
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Xavier De Tiège
- Laboratoire de Cartographie fonctionnelle du Cerveau (LCFC), ULB Neuroscience Institute (UNI), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Functional Neuroimaging, Service of Nuclear Medicine, CUB Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Souissi MA, Souissi H, Elghoul Y, Masmoudi L, Trabelsi O, Ammar A, Chtourou H, Souissi N. Information Processing and Technical Knowledge Contribute to Self-Controlled Video Feedback for Children Learning the Snatch Movement in Weightlifting. Percept Mot Skills 2021; 128:1785-1805. [PMID: 33910395 DOI: 10.1177/00315125211011728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to examine, via technical performance analysis and speed of execution, whether information processing and technical knowledge help explain learning benefits of self-controlled video feedback in children's weightlifting performance. We randomized 24 children (aged 10 to 12 years) into self-controlled (SC) and yoked (YK) feedback groups. Learners underwent test sessions one week before (pre-test) and one day after (post-test) six weightlifting training sessions. During each test session, we recorded kinematic parameters of snatch performance using Kinovea version 0.8.15 software. After the learning sessions, the SC group improved on most kinematic parameters (e.g., the horizontal displacement of the bar between the first and the second pulls [MDXV = 25.42%, SD = 18.96, p = 0.003) and the maximum height reached by the bar (MHMV = 5.51%, SD = 7.71, p < 0.05)], while the YK group improved only on the DxV (MDXV = 19.08%, SD = 24.68, p < 0.05). In addition, the SC group showed a more advanced phase of cognitive processing compared to the YK group, and the SC group showed a superior improvement in their technical knowledge level (p < 0.001) compared to the YK group (p < 0.05). Thus, key elements to correcting motor errors in children's weightlifting through self-controlled feedback were improvements in information processing and technical knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelkader Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Education and Continuous Training, Virtual University, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Yousri Elghoul
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Liwa Masmoudi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Omar Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Germany.,Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health and Learning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, France
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sports and Physical Education, Sfax University, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Research Unit, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Tunisia
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13
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Souissi MA, Ammar A, Trabelsi O, Glenn JM, Boukhris O, Trabelsi K, Bouaziz B, Zmijewski P, Souissi H, Chikha AB, Driss T, Chtourou H, Hoekelmann A, Souissi N. Distance Motor Learning during the COVID-19 Induced Confinement: Video Feedback with a Pedagogical Activity Improves the Snatch Technique in Young Athletes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:3069. [PMID: 33809740 PMCID: PMC8002335 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate which of two strategies, Video Feedback with Pedagogical Activity (VF-PA) or Video Feedback (VF), would be more beneficial for the remote error correction of the snatch weightlifting technique during the confinement period. Thirty-five school aged children with at least three months of weightlifting experience were randomized to one of three training conditions: VF-PA, VF or the Control group (CONT). Subjects underwent test sessions one week before (T0) and one day after (T1) a six-session training period and a retention test session a week later (T2). During each test session, the Kinovea version 0.8.15 software measured the kinematic parameters of the snatch performance. Following distance learning sessions (T1), the VF-PA improved various kinematic parameters (i.e., barbell horizontal displacements, maximum height, looping and symmetry) compared with T0 (p < 0.5; Cohen's d = 0.58-1.1). Most of these improvements were maintained during the retention test (T2) (p<0.01, Cohen's d = 1.2-1.3) when compared withT0. However, the VF group improved only twoparameters (i.e., barbell symmetry and horizontal displacement) at T1 (p < 0.05; Cohen's d = 0.9), which were not maintained at T2. Better horizontal displacement and looping values were registered during the retention test in the VF-PA group compared with theCONT group (p < 0.05, Cohen's d = 1.49-1.52). The present findings suggest combining video feedback with pedagogical activity during the pandemic induced online coaching or physical education to improve movement learning in school aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelkader Souissi
- Research Unit, “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.B.); (H.S.); (A.B.C.); (H.C.); (N.S.)
- Higher Institute of Education and Continuous Training, Virtual University, Montplaisir 2019, Tunisia
| | - Achraf Ammar
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health andLearning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Omar Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Sfax University, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (O.T.); (K.T.)
| | - Jordan M. Glenn
- Department of Health, Exercise Science Research Center Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Omar Boukhris
- Research Unit, “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.B.); (H.S.); (A.B.C.); (H.C.); (N.S.)
| | - Khaled Trabelsi
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Sfax University, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (O.T.); (K.T.)
- Research Laboratory: Education, Motricité, Sport Et Santé, EM2S, LR19JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax 3000, Tunisia
| | - Bassem Bouaziz
- Multimedia Information Systems and Advanced Computing Laboratory (MIRACL), University of Sfax, Sfax 3021, Tunisia;
| | - Piotr Zmijewski
- Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-809 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Hichem Souissi
- Research Unit, “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.B.); (H.S.); (A.B.C.); (H.C.); (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Sfax University, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (O.T.); (K.T.)
| | - Anis Ben Chikha
- Research Unit, “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.B.); (H.S.); (A.B.C.); (H.C.); (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Ksar-Said, Manouba University, Manouba 2010, Tunisia
| | - Tarak Driss
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory in Neurosciences, Physiology and Psychology: Physical Activity, Health andLearning (LINP2), UFR STAPS, UPL, Paris Nanterre University, 92000 Nanterre, France;
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Research Unit, “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.B.); (H.S.); (A.B.C.); (H.C.); (N.S.)
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Sfax University, Sfax 3000, Tunisia; (O.T.); (K.T.)
| | - Anita Hoekelmann
- Institute of Sport Science, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany;
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Research Unit, “Physical Activity, Sport and Health”, UR18JS01, National Observatory of Sport, Tunis 1003, Tunisia; (M.A.S.); (O.B.); (H.S.); (A.B.C.); (H.C.); (N.S.)
- Department of Health, Exercise Science Research Center Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
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14
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Richards E, Bayer A, Tree JJ, Hanley C, Norris JE, Tales A. Subcortical Ischemic Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Insights from Reaction Time Measures. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:845-857. [PMID: 31594238 PMCID: PMC6918912 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, reaction time (RT), intraindividual variability (IIV), and errors, and the effects of practice and processing load upon such function, were compared in patients with subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI) [n = 27] and cognitively healthy older adults (CH) [n = 26]. Compared to CH aging, SIVCI was characterized by a profile of significantly slowed RT, raised IIV, and higher error levels, particularly in the presence of distracting stimuli, indicating that the integrity and/or accessibility of the additional functions required to support high processing load, serial search strategies, are reduced in SIVCI. Furthermore, although practice speeded RT in SIVCI, unlike CH, practice did not lead to an improvement in IIV. This indicates that improvement in RT in SIVCI can in fact mask an abnormally high degree of IIV. Because IIV appears more related to disease, function, and health than RT, its status and potential for change may represent a particularly meaningful, and relevant, disease characteristic of SIVCI. Finally, a high level of within-group variation in the above measures was another characteristic of SIVCI, with such processing heterogeneity in patients with ostensibly the same diagnosis, possibly related to individual variation in pathological load. Detailed measurement of RT, IIV, errors, and practice effects therefore reveal a degree of functional impairment in brain processing not apparent by measuring RT in isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Richards
- Centre for Innovative Ageing, Swansea University, Swansea, UK.,Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Antony Bayer
- Department of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jeremy J Tree
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | - Claire Hanley
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | - Andrea Tales
- Centre for Innovative Ageing, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
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15
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Wandering minds, wandering mice: Computer mouse tracking as a method to detect mind wandering. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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Dubravac M, Roebers CM, Meier B. Different temporal dynamics after conflicts and errors in children and adults. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0238221. [PMID: 32866181 PMCID: PMC7458282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
After perceiving cognitive conflicts or errors, children as well as adults adjust their performance in terms of reaction time slowing on subsequent actions, resulting in the so called post-conflict slowing and post-error slowing, respectively. The development of these phenomena has been studied separately and with different methods yielding inconsistent findings. We aimed to assess the temporal dynamics of these two slowing phenomena within a single behavioral task. To do so, 9-13-year-old children and young adults performed a Simon task in which every fifth trial was incongruent and thus induced cognitive conflict and, frequently, also errors. We compared the reaction times on four trials following a conflict or an error. Both age groups slowed down after conflicts and did so even more strongly after errors. Disproportionally high reaction times on the first post-error trial were followed by a steady flattening of the slowing. Generally, children slowed down more than adults. In addition to highlighting the phenomenal and developmental robustness of post-conflict and post-error slowing these findings strongly suggest increasingly efficient performance adjustment through fine-tuning of cognitive control in the course of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Dubravac
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Beat Meier
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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17
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Vidal F, Burle B, Hasbroucq T. Errors and Action Monitoring: Errare Humanum Est Sed Corrigere Possibile. Front Hum Neurosci 2020; 13:453. [PMID: 31998101 PMCID: PMC6962188 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
It was recognized long ago by Seneca through his famous "errare humanum est." that the human information processing system is intrinsically fallible. What is newer is the fact that, at least in sensorimotor information processing realized under time pressure, errors are largely dealt with by several (psycho)physiological-specific mechanisms: prevention, detection, inhibition, correction, and, if these mechanisms finally fail, strategic behavioral adjustments following errors. In this article, we review several datasets from laboratory experiments, showing that the human information processing system is well equipped not only to detect and correct errors when they occur but also to detect, inhibit, and correct them even before they fully develop. We argue that these (psycho)physiological mechanisms are important to consider when the brain works in everyday settings in order to render work systems more resilient to human errors and, thus, safer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Vidal
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, LNC UMR 7291, Marseille, France
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18
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Changes in corticospinal excitability associated with post-error slowing. Cortex 2019; 120:92-100. [PMID: 31284025 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
According to available evidence, after making an erroneous decision people tend to slow down on the next decision. This empirical regularity, known as "post error slowing" (PES), has been traditionally interpreted as the result of a conservative response criterion adopted to avoid future errors and it is supposed to be driven by changes in the excitability of the motor system. However, the consequences of errors have been almost exclusively investigated by means of button-press tasks, which have been criticized because of their limited ecological validity and it is still unclear to what extent errors bias the motor system activity during the planning and the on-line control of complex and realistic goal-directed actions. To overcome these potential limitations, in the present study, we investigated the effect of errors on the preparation and execution of the reach-to-grasp movement, one of the most significant daily life actions. In addition to reaction times (RTs), we measured motor-evoked potential (MEP) to explore the influence of errors on corticospinal (CS) excitability, and we applied kinematical analysis to examine the underlying reorganization of the movement following an error. The results of the present study showed that MEPs tend to be reduced after the failure to reach and grasp an object, supporting the traditional interpretation of PES. Furthermore, in addition to RTs, we found that error-reactivity strategically influences the grasping component of the action, whereas the reaching component appears to be impermeable to PES. These findings demonstrate that the error-reactivity is a strong empirical phenomenon, which spreads into the motor system at the level of both movement preparation and execution, even when more realistic and ecologically valid tasks are used.
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