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Rapp PB, Baccile JA, Galimidi RP, Vielmetter J. Engineering Antigen-Specific Tolerance to an Artificial Protein Hydrogel. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2188-2199. [PMID: 38479351 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Artificial protein hydrogels are an emerging class of biomaterials with numerous prospective applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. These materials are likely to be immunogenic due to their frequent incorporation of novel amino acid sequence domains, which often serve a functional role within the material itself. We engineered injectable "self" and "nonself" artificial protein hydrogels, which were predicted to have divergent immune outcomes in vivo on the basis of their primary amino acid sequence. Following implantation in mouse, the nonself gels raised significantly higher antigel antibody titers than the corresponding self gels. Prophylactic administration of a fusion antibody targeting the nonself hydrogel epitopes to DEC-205, an endocytic receptor involved in Treg induction, fully suppressed the elevated antibody titer against the nonself gels. These results suggest that the clinical immune response to artificial protein biomaterials, including those that contain highly antigenic sequence domains, can be tuned through the induction of antigen-specific tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B Rapp
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Joshua A Baccile
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Rachel P Galimidi
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Jost Vielmetter
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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2
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Kim A, Xie F, Abed OA, Moon JJ. Vaccines for immune tolerance against autoimmune disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115140. [PMID: 37980949 PMCID: PMC10757742 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence and rising incidence of autoimmune diseases have become a prominent public health issue. Autoimmune disorders result from the immune system erroneously attacking the body's own healthy cells and tissues, causing persistent inflammation, tissue injury, and impaired organ function. Existing treatments primarily rely on broad immunosuppression, leaving patients vulnerable to infections and necessitating lifelong treatments. To address these unmet needs, an emerging frontier of vaccine development aims to restore immune equilibrium by inducing immune tolerance to autoantigens, offering a potential avenue for a cure rather than mere symptom management. We discuss this burgeoning field of vaccine development against inflammation and autoimmune diseases, with a focus on common autoimmune disorders, including multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Vaccine-based strategies provide a new pathway for the future of autoimmune disease therapeutics, heralding a new era in the battle against inflammation and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- April Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Omar A Abed
- Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James J Moon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Biointerfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109, USA.
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3
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Rhee JH, Khim K, Puth S, Choi Y, Lee SE. Deimmunization of flagellin adjuvant for clinical application. Curr Opin Virol 2023; 60:101330. [PMID: 37084463 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Abstract
Flagellin is the cognate ligand for host pattern recognition receptors, toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) in the cell surface, and NAIP5/NLRC4 inflammasome in the cytosol. TLR5-binding domain is located in D1 domain, where crucial amino acid sequences are conserved among diverse bacteria. The highly conserved C-terminal 35 amino acids of flagellin were proved to be responsible for the inflammasome activation by binding to NAIP5. D2/D3 domains, located in the central region and exposed to the outside surface of flagellar filament, are heterogeneous across bacterial species and highly immunogenic. Taking advantage of TLR5- and NLRC4-stimulating activities, flagellin has been actively developed as a vaccine adjuvant and immunotherapeutic. Because of its immunogenicity, there exist worries concerning diminished efficacy and possible reactogenicity after repeated administration. Deimmunization of flagellin derivatives while preserving the TLR5/NLRC4-mediated immunomodulatory activity should be the most reasonable option for clinical application. This review describes strategies and current achievements in flagellin deimmunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Haeng Rhee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea.
| | - Koemchhoy Khim
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sao Puth
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjoo Choi
- Combinatorial Tumor Immunotherapy MRC, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Shee Eun Lee
- Clinical Vaccine R&D Center, Chonnam National University, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea; Immunotherapy Innovation Center, Hwasun-gun, Jeonnam, Republic of Korea
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4
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McSweeney MD, Shen L, DeWalle AC, Joiner JB, Ciociola EC, Raghuwanshi D, Macauley MS, Lai SK. Pre-treatment with high molecular weight free PEG effectively suppresses anti-PEG antibody induction by PEG-liposomes in mice. J Control Release 2020; 329:774-781. [PMID: 33038448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune responses against polyethylene glycol (PEG) can lead to the rapid clearance of PEGylated drugs and are associated with increased risk of serious adverse events such as infusion reactions and anaphylaxis. Although select PEGylated therapeutics can induce anti-PEG antibodies (APA), there is currently no readily deployable strategy to mitigate their negative effects. Given the large number of PEGylated therapeutics that are either FDA-approved or in clinical development, methods that suppress APA induction to ensure the safety and efficacy of PEGylated drugs in patients would be a valuable clinical tool. We previously showed that infusion of high molecular weight (MW) free PEG can safely and effectively restore the circulation of PEG liposomes in animals with high pre-existing titers of APA, without stimulating additional APA production. Here, we explored the effectiveness of prophylaxis with free PEG or tolerogenic PEGylated liposomes as a strategy to reduce the amount of APA induced by subsequently administered PEGylated liposomes. Surprisingly, we found that a single administration of free PEG alone was capable of markedly reducing the APA response to PEG-liposomes for ~2 months; the effectiveness was comparable to, and frequently exceeded, interventions with different tolerogenic PEG-liposomes. These results support further investigations of free PEG prophylaxis as a potential strategy to ameliorate the APA response to sensitizing PEGylated therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan D McSweeney
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Limei Shen
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Alexander C DeWalle
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Jordan B Joiner
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Elizabeth C Ciociola
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Dharmendra Raghuwanshi
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, USA.
| | - Matthew S Macauley
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, USA.
| | - Samuel K Lai
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; UNC/NCSU Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
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5
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Khan H, Ullah H, Khattak S, Aschner M, Aguilar CN, Halimi SMA, Cauli O, Shah SMM. Therapeutic potential of alkaloids in autoimmune diseases: Promising candidates for clinical trials. Phytother Res 2020; 35:50-62. [PMID: 32667693 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical investigations have characterized numerous disorders like autoimmune diseases, affecting the population at a rate of approximately 8-10%. These disorders are characterized by T-cell and auto-antibodies responses to self-molecules by immune system reactivity. Several therapeutic options have been adopted in clinics to combat such diseases, however, most of them are recurring. Thus, the discovery of new effective agents for the treatment of autoimmune diseases is paramount. In this context, natural products might be a useful alternative to the current therapies. Plant alkaloids with their substantial therapeutic history can be particularly interesting candidates for the alleviation of autoimmune ailments. This review encompasses various alkaloids with significant effects against autoimmune diseases in preclinical trials. These results suggest further clinical assessment with respect to autoimmune illnesses. Furthermore, the application of modern technologies such as nanoformulation could be also helpful in the design of more effective therapies and thus further studies are needed to decipher their therapeutic efficacy as well as potential limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Khan
- Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan university Mardan, Pakistan, Mardan, Pakistan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sumaira Khattak
- Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Abdul Wali khan university Mardan, Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan university Mardan, Pakistan, Mardan, Pakistan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cristobal N Aguilar
- School of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila Saltillo, Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Syed M A Halimi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Omar Cauli
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Syed M M Shah
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Swabi Pakistan, Swabi, Pakistan
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6
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Kishimoto TK. Development of ImmTOR Tolerogenic Nanoparticles for the Mitigation of Anti-drug Antibodies. Front Immunol 2020; 11:969. [PMID: 32508839 PMCID: PMC7251066 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) is a common cause for treatment failure and hypersensitivity reactions for many biologics. The focus of this review is the development of ImmTOR, a platform technology designed to prevent the formation of ADAs that can be applied broadly across a wide variety of biologics by inducing immunological tolerance with ImmTOR nanoparticles encapsulating rapamycin. The induction of tolerance is antigen-specific and dependent on the incorporation of rapamycin in nanoparticles and the presence of the antigen at the time of administration of ImmTOR. Evidence for the induction of specific immune tolerance vs. general immune suppression is supported by the findings that: (1) ImmTOR induces regulatory T cells specific to the co-administered antigen; (2) tolerance can be transferred by adoptive transfer of splenocytes from treated animals to naïve recipients; (3) the tolerance is durable to subsequent challenge with antigen alone; and (4) animals tolerized to a specific antigen are capable of responding to an unrelated antigen. ImmTOR nanoparticles can be added to new or existing biologics without the need to modify or reformulate the biologic drug. The ability of ImmTOR to mitigate the formation of ADAs has been demonstrated for coagulation factor VIII in a mouse model of hemophilia A, an anti-TNFα monoclonal antibody in a mouse model of inflammatory arthritis, pegylated uricase in hyperuricemic mice and in non-human primates, acid alpha-glucosidase in a mouse model of Pompe disease, recombinant immunotoxin in a mouse model of mesothelioma, and adeno-associated vectors in a model of repeat dosing of gene therapy vectors in mice and in non-human primates. Human proof-of concept for the mitigation of ADAs has been demonstrated with SEL-212, a combination product consisting of ImmTOR + pegadricase, a highly immunogenic enzyme therapy for the treatment of gout. ImmTOR represents a promising approach to preventing the formation of ADAs to a broad range of biologic drugs.
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7
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Link C, Bujupi F, Krammer PH, Weyd H. Annexin-coated particles induce antigen-specific immunosuppression. Autoimmunity 2020; 53:86-94. [PMID: 31933381 DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2019.1710134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Apoptotic cells mediate the development of tolerogenic dendritic cells (DC) and thus facilitate induction and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. Following the identification of the evolutionary conserved annexin core domain (Anx) as a specific signal on apoptotic cells which antagonises Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling, we examined whether the tolerogenic capacity of Anx can be exploited to downregulate antigen-specific immune responses. The treatment of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) with particles harbouring Anx as well as the model antigen ovalbumin (OVA) attenuated the response of OVA-specific OT-II T cells. The co-culture of Anx-particle-treated DC and T cells resulted in an anergy-like phenotype characterized by reduced proliferation and cytokine secretion. Here we demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of Anx which are mediated through DC can be used as a tool to generate a particle-based antigen delivery system that promotes antigen-specific immunosuppression. Such Anx-particles may be a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinna Link
- Division of Immunogenetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Fatmire Bujupi
- Division of Immunogenetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter H Krammer
- Division of Immunogenetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Weyd
- Division of Immunogenetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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8
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Sadtler K, Collins J, Byrne JD, Langer R. Parallel evolution of polymer chemistry and immunology: Integrating mechanistic biology with materials design. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 156:65-79. [PMID: 32589903 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To develop new therapeutics involves the interaction of multiple disciplines to yield safe, functional devices and formulations. Regardless of drug function and potency, administration with controlled timing, dosing, and targeting is required to properly treat or regulate health and disease. Delivery approaches can be optimized through advances in materials science, clinical testing, and basic biology and immunology. Presently, laboratories focused on developing these technologies are composed of, or collaborate with, chemists, biologists, materials scientists, engineers, and physicians to understand the way our body interacts with drug delivery devices, and how to synthesize new, rationally designed materials to improve targeted and controlled drug delivery. In this review, we discuss both device-based and micro/nanoparticle-based materials in the clinic, our biologic understanding of how our immune system interacts with these materials, how this diverse set of immune cells has become a target and variable in drug delivery design, and new directions in polymer chemistry to address these interactions and further our advances in medical therapeutics.
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9
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Saxena V, Li L, Paluskievicz C, Kasinath V, Bean A, Abdi R, Jewell CM, Bromberg JS. Role of lymph node stroma and microenvironment in T cell tolerance. Immunol Rev 2019; 292:9-23. [PMID: 31538349 PMCID: PMC6935411 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lymph nodes (LNs) are at the cross roads of immunity and tolerance. These tissues are compartmentalized into specialized niche areas by lymph node stromal cells (LN SCs). LN SCs shape the LN microenvironment and guide immunological cells into different zones through establishment of a CCL19 and CCL21 gradient. Following local immunological cues, LN SCs modulate activity to support immune cell priming, activation, and fate. This review will present our current understanding of LN SC subsets roles in regulating T cell tolerance. Three major types of LN SC subsets, namely fibroblastic reticular cells, lymphatic endothelial cells, and blood endothelial cells, are discussed. These subsets serve as scaffolds to support and regulate T cell homeostasis. They contribute to tolerance by presenting peripheral tissue antigens to both CD4 and CD8 T cells. The role of LN SCs in regulating T cell migration and tolerance induction is discussed. Looking forward, recent advances in bioengineered materials and approaches to leverage LN SCs to induce T cell tolerance are highlighted, as are current clinical practices that allow for manipulation of the LN microenvironment to induce tolerance. Increased understanding of LN architecture, how different LN SCs integrate immunological cues and shape immune responses, and approaches to induce T cell tolerance will help further combat autoimmune diseases and graft rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Saxena
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Lushen Li
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Christina Paluskievicz
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Vivek Kasinath
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Asher Bean
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Reza Abdi
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Jonathan S. Bromberg
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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10
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Hess KL, Medintz IL, Jewell CM. Designing inorganic nanomaterials for vaccines and immunotherapies. NANO TODAY 2019; 27:73-98. [PMID: 32292488 PMCID: PMC7156029 DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2019.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines and immunotherapies have changed the face of health care. Biomaterials offer the ability to improve upon these medical technologies through increased control of the types and concentrations of immune signals delivered. Further, these carriers enable targeting, stability, and delivery of poorly soluble cargos. Inorganic nanomaterials possess unique optical, electric, and magnetic properties, as well as defined chemistry, high surface-to-volume- ratio, and high avidity display that make this class of materials particularly advantageous for vaccine design, cancer immunotherapy, and autoimmune treatments. In this review we focus on this understudied area by highlighting recent work with inorganic materials - including gold nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and quantum dots. We discuss the intrinsic features of these materials that impact the interactions with immune cells and tissue, as well as recent reports using inorganic materials across a range of emerging immunological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystina L. Hess
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - Igor L. Medintz
- Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Christopher M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 South Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201 USA
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10 North Greene St, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
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11
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Li G, Bethune MT, Wong S, Joglekar AV, Leonard MT, Wang JK, Kim JT, Cheng D, Peng S, Zaretsky JM, Su Y, Luo Y, Heath JR, Ribas A, Witte ON, Baltimore D. T cell antigen discovery via trogocytosis. Nat Methods 2019; 16:183-190. [PMID: 30700903 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-018-0305-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR) ligand discovery is essential for understanding and manipulating immune responses to tumors. We developed a cell-based selection platform for TCR ligand discovery that exploits a membrane transfer phenomenon called trogocytosis. We discovered that T cell membrane proteins are transferred specifically to target cells that present cognate peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Co-incubation of T cells expressing an orphan TCR with target cells collectively presenting a library of peptide-MHCs led to specific labeling of cognate target cells, enabling isolation of these target cells and sequencing of the cognate TCR ligand. We validated this method for two clinically employed TCRs and further used the platform to identify the cognate neoepitope for a subject-derived neoantigen-specific TCR. Thus, target cell trogocytosis is a robust tool for TCR ligand discovery that will be useful for studying basic tumor immunology and identifying new targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guideng Li
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. .,Center of Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. .,Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, China.
| | - Michael T Bethune
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
| | - Stephanie Wong
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Alok V Joglekar
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Michael T Leonard
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jessica K Wang
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jocelyn T Kim
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Donghui Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Songming Peng
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jesse M Zaretsky
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yapeng Su
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.,Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Yicheng Luo
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - James R Heath
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI) Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Antoni Ribas
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, and Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI) Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Owen N Witte
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI) Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - David Baltimore
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. .,Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy (PICI) Center, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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12
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Li B, Yuan Z, McMullen P, Xie J, Jain P, Hung HC, Xu S, Zhang P, Lin X, Wu K, Jiang S. A Chromatin-Mimetic Nanomedicine for Therapeutic Tolerance Induction. ACS NANO 2018; 12:12004-12014. [PMID: 30412375 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The undesirable immune response poses a life-threatening challenge to human health. It not only deteriorates the therapeutic performance of biologic drugs but also contributes to various diseases such as allergies and autoimmune diseases. Inspired by the role of chromatin in the maintenance of natural immune tolerance, here we report a DNA-protein polymeric nanocomplex that can mimic the tolerogenic function of chromatin and induce an immune tolerance to its protein cargos. We first proved that the chromatin-mimetic nanomedicine loaded with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), a highly immunogenic model protein, could elicit a durable antigen-specific immune tolerance to KLH lasting for at least five weeks in mice. Following the proof-of-concept study, we demonstrated that this nanomedicine could be applied to improve the safety and efficacy of a biologic drug, PEGylated uricase, by attenuating the relevant antibody (Ab) responses. Moreover, we also demonstrated that prophylactic treatments with this nanomedicine could tolerize the immune system with the allergen of ovalbumin (OVA) and thus inhibit the occurrence of airway inflammation in an OVA-induced allergic asthma murine model. Collectively, our work illustrates a nature-inspired concept of immune tolerance induction and establishes a useful tool to specifically suppress unwanted immune responses for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Li
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Zhefan Yuan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Patrick McMullen
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Jingyi Xie
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Priyesh Jain
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Hsiang-Chieh Hung
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Shihan Xu
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Xiaojie Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Kan Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Shaoyi Jiang
- Department of Bioengineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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13
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Walraven M, Hinz B. Therapeutic approaches to control tissue repair and fibrosis: Extracellular matrix as a game changer. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:205-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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14
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Hartwell BL, Pickens CJ, Leon M, Northrup L, Christopher MA, Griffin JD, Martinez-Becerra F, Berkland C. Soluble antigen arrays disarm antigen-specific B cells to promote lasting immune tolerance in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. J Autoimmun 2018; 93:76-88. [PMID: 30007842 PMCID: PMC6117839 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Autoreactive lymphocytes that escape central immune tolerance may be silenced via an endogenous peripheral tolerance mechanism known as anergy. Antigen-specific therapies capable of inducing anergy may restore patients with autoimmune diseases to a healthy phenotype while avoiding deleterious side effects associated with global immunosuppression. Inducing anergy in B cells may be a particularly potent intervention, as B cells can contribute to autoimmune diseases through multiple mechanisms and offer the potential for direct antigen-specific targeting through the B cell receptor (BCR). Our previous results suggested autoreactive B cells may be silenced by multivalent 'soluble antigen arrays' (SAgAs), which are polymer conjugates displaying multiple copies of autoantigen with or without a secondary peptide that blocks intracellular cell-adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1). Here, key therapeutic molecular properties of SAgAs were identified and linked to the immunological mechanism through comprehensive cellular and in vivo analyses. We determined non-hydrolyzable 'cSAgAs' displaying multivalent 'click'-conjugated antigen more potently suppressed experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) compared to hydrolyzable SAgAs capable of releasing conjugated antigen. cSAgAs restored a healthy phenotype in disease-specific antigen presenting cells (APCs) by inducing an anergic response in B cells and a subset of B cells called autoimmune-associated B cells (ABCs) that act as potent APCs in autoimmune disease. Accompanied by a cytokine response skewed towards a Th2/regulatory phenotype, this generated an environment of autoantigenic tolerance. By identifying key therapeutic molecular properties and an immunological mechanism that drives SAgA efficacy, this work guides the design of antigen-specific immunotherapies capable of inducing anergy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoantigens/genetics
- Autoantigens/immunology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/drug effects
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- B-Lymphocyte Subsets/pathology
- Click Chemistry
- Clonal Anergy/drug effects
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Dendritic Cells/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/chemically induced
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/genetics
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Female
- Hydrolysis
- Immunoconjugates/chemistry
- Immunoconjugates/pharmacology
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/genetics
- Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1/immunology
- Mice
- Myelin Proteolipid Protein/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/chemical synthesis
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Peptide Fragments/pharmacology
- Protein Array Analysis
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell/immunology
- Spleen/immunology
- Spleen/pathology
- Th2 Cells/immunology
- Th2 Cells/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Hartwell
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, 1520 West 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Chad J Pickens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Martin Leon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Laura Northrup
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Matthew A Christopher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - J Daniel Griffin
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, 1520 West 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Francisco Martinez-Becerra
- Immunology Core Laboratory of the Kansas Vaccine Institute, University of Kansas, 2030 Becker Drive, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA
| | - Cory Berkland
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, 1520 West 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas, 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA; Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 West 15th Street, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
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15
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Vectored gene delivery for lifetime animal contraception: Overview and hurdles to implementation. Theriogenology 2018; 112:63-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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16
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Milward KF, Wood KJ, Hester J. Enhancing human regulatory T cells in vitro for cell therapy applications. Immunol Lett 2017; 190:139-147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Balmert SC, Donahue C, Vu JR, Erdos G, Falo LD, Little SR. In vivo induction of regulatory T cells promotes allergen tolerance and suppresses allergic contact dermatitis. J Control Release 2017; 261:223-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Gibb DR, Liu J, Santhanakrishnan M, Natarajan P, Madrid DJ, Patel S, Eisenbarth SC, Tormey CA, Stowell SR, Iwasaki A, Hendrickson JE. B cells require Type 1 interferon to produce alloantibodies to transfused KEL-expressing red blood cells in mice. Transfusion 2017; 57:2595-2608. [PMID: 28836263 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alloantibodies to red blood cell (RBC) antigens can cause significant hemolytic events. Prior studies have demonstrated that inflammatory stimuli in animal models and inflammatory states in humans, including autoimmunity and viremia, promote alloimmunization. However, molecular mechanisms underlying these findings are poorly understood. Given that Type 1 interferons (IFN-α/β) regulate antiviral immunity and autoimmune pathology, the hypothesis that IFN-α/β regulates RBC alloimmunization was tested in a murine model. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Leukoreduced murine RBCs expressing the human KEL glycoprotein were transfused into control mice (WT), mice lacking the unique IFN-α/β receptor (IFNAR1-/- ), or bone marrow chimeric mice lacking IFNAR1 on specific cell populations. Anti-KEL IgG production, expressed as mean fluorescence intensity (MFI), and B-cell differentiation were examined. RESULTS Transfused WT mice produced anti-KEL IgG alloantibodies (peak response MFI, 50.4). However, the alloimmune response of IFNAR1-/- mice was almost completely abrogated (MFI, 4.2; p < 0.05). The response of bone marrow chimeric mice lacking IFNAR1 expression in all hematopoietic cells or specifically in B cells was also diminished (MFI, 3.8 and 5.4, respectively, compared to control chimeras, MFI, 65.6; p < 0.01). Accordingly, transfusion-induced differentiation of IFNAR1-/- B cells into germinal center B cells and plasma cells was significantly reduced, compared to WT B cells. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that B cells require signaling from IFN-α/β to produce alloantibodies to the human KEL glycoprotein in mice. These findings provide a potential mechanistic basis for inflammation-induced alloimmunization. If these findings extend to human studies, patients with IFN-α/β-associated conditions may have an elevated risk of alloimmunization and benefit from personalized transfusion protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Seema Patel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stephanie C Eisenbarth
- Department of Laboratory Medicine.,Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Christopher A Tormey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine.,Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Akiko Iwasaki
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland
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19
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Hartwell BL, Pickens CJ, Leon M, Berkland C. Multivalent Soluble Antigen Arrays Exhibit High Avidity Binding and Modulation of B Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling to Drive Efficacy against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:1893-1907. [PMID: 28474886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A pressing need exists for antigen-specific immunotherapies (ASIT) that induce selective tolerance in autoimmune disease while avoiding deleterious global immunosuppression. Multivalent soluble antigen arrays (SAgAPLP:LABL), consisting of a hyaluronic acid (HA) linear polymer backbone cografted with multiple copies of autoantigen (PLP) and cell adhesion inhibitor (LABL) peptides, are designed to induce tolerance to a specific multiple sclerosis (MS) autoantigen. Previous studies established that hydrolyzable SAgAPLP:LABL, employing a degradable linker to codeliver PLP and LABL, was therapeutic in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in vivo and exhibited antigen-specific binding with B cells, targeted the B cell receptor (BCR), and dampened BCR-mediated signaling in vitro. Our results pointed to sustained BCR engagement as the SAgAPLP:LABL therapeutic mechanism, so we developed a new version of the SAgA molecule using nonhydrolyzable conjugation chemistry, hypothesizing it would enhance and maintain the molecule's action at the cell surface to improve efficacy. "Click SAgA" (cSAgAPLP:LABL) uses hydrolytically stable covalent conjugation chemistry (Copper-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC)) rather than a hydrolyzable oxime bond to attach PLP and LABL to HA. We explored cSAgAPLP:LABL B cell engagement and modulation of BCR-mediated signaling in vitro through flow cytometry binding and calcium flux signaling assays. Indeed, cSAgAPLP:LABL exhibited higher avidity B cell binding and greater dampening of BCR-mediated signaling than hydrolyzable SAgAPLP:LABL. Furthermore, cSAgAPLP:LABL exhibited significantly enhanced in vivo efficacy compared to hydrolyzable SAgAPLP:LABL, achieving equivalent efficacy at one-quarter of the dose. These results indicate that nonhydrolyzable conjugation increased the avidity of cSAgAPLP:LABL to drive in vivo efficacy through modulated BCR-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L Hartwell
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas 1520 West 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Chad J Pickens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Martin Leon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Cory Berkland
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas 1520 West 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Kansas 2095 Constant Avenue, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States.,Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas 1530 West 15th Street, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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20
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Baekkeskov S, Hubbell JA, Phelps EA. Bioengineering strategies for inducing tolerance in autoimmune diabetes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017. [PMID: 28625830 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease marked by the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets. Strategies to delay onset or prevent the autoimmune recognition of beta cell antigens or T cell-mediated killing of beta cells have mainly focused on systemic immunomodulation and antigen-specific immunotherapy. To bridge the fields of type 1 diabetes immunology and biomaterials engineering, this article will review recent trends in the etiology of type 1 diabetes immunopathology and will focus on the contributions of emerging bioengineered strategies in the fight against beta cell autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steinunn Baekkeskov
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Building SV 3826, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Departments of Medicine and Microbiology/Immunology, Diabetes Center, 513 Parnassus Ave, 20159, Box 0534, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Hubbell
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Building SV 3826, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 S Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60615, USA
| | - Edward A Phelps
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Building SV 3826, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, 1275 Center Drive, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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21
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulgabar Salama
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany - Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Hess KL, Andorko JI, Tostanoski LH, Jewell CM. Polyplexes assembled from self-peptides and regulatory nucleic acids blunt toll-like receptor signaling to combat autoimmunity. Biomaterials 2016; 118:51-62. [PMID: 27940382 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system incorrectly recognizes self-molecules as foreign; in the case of multiple sclerosis (MS), myelin is attacked. Intriguingly, new studies reveal toll-like receptors (TLRs), pathways usually involved in generating immune responses against pathogens, play a significant role in driving autoimmune disease in both humans and animal models. We reasoned polyplexes formed from myelin self-antigen and regulatory TLR antagonists might limit TLR signaling during differentiation of myelin-specific T cells, inducing tolerance by biasing T cells away from inflammatory phenotypes. Complexes were formed by modifying myelin peptide with cationic amino acids to create peptides able to condense the anionic nucleic-acid based TLR antagonist. These immunological polyplexes eliminate synthetic polymers commonly used to condense polyplexes and do not rely on gene expression; however, the complexes mimic key features of traditional polyplexes such as tunable loading and co-delivery. Using these materials and classic polyplex analysis techniques, we demonstrate condensation of both immune signals, protection from enzymatic degradation, and tunable physicochemical properties. We show polyplexes reduce TLR signaling, and in primary dendritic cell and T cell co-culture, reduce myelin-driven inflammation. During mouse models of MS, these tolerogenic polyplexes improve the progression, severity, and incidence of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystina L Hess
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8228 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - James I Andorko
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8228 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Lisa H Tostanoski
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8228 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Christopher M Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8228 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD 20742, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 S. Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; United States Department of Veterans Affairs, 10 North Greene Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA.
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23
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Griswold KE, Bailey-Kellogg C. Design and engineering of deimmunized biotherapeutics. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2016; 39:79-88. [PMID: 27322891 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins are powerful next-generation drugs able to effectively treat diverse and devastating diseases, but the development and use of biotherapeutics entails unique challenges and risks. In particular, protein drugs are subject to immune surveillance in the human body, and ensuing antidrug immune responses can cause a wide range of problems including altered pharmacokinetics, loss of efficacy, and even life-threating complications. Here we review recent progress in technologies for engineering deimmunized biotherapeutics, placing particular emphasis on deletion of immunogenic antibody and T cell epitopes via experimentally or computationally guided mutagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl E Griswold
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States; Stealth Biologics LLC, Lyme, NH, United States.
| | - Chris Bailey-Kellogg
- Stealth Biologics LLC, Lyme, NH, United States; Department of Computer Science, Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, United States.
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24
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Pan H, Gazarian A, Dubernard JM, Belot A, Michallet MC, Michallet M. Transplant Tolerance Induction in Newborn Infants: Mechanisms, Advantages, and Potential Strategies. Front Immunol 2016; 7:116. [PMID: 27092138 PMCID: PMC4823304 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although several tolerance induction protocols have been successfully implemented in adult renal transplantation, no tolerance induction approach has, as yet, been defined for solid organ transplantations in young infants. Pediatric transplant recipients have a pressing demand for the elaboration of tolerance induction regimens. Indeed, since they display a longer survival time, they are exposed to a higher level of risks linked to long-term immunosuppression (IS) and to chronic rejection. Interestingly, central tolerance induction may be of great interest in newborns, because of their immunological immaturity and the important role of the thymus at this early stage in life. The present review aims to clarify mechanisms and strategies of tolerance induction in these immunologically premature recipients. We first introduce the discovery and mechanisms of neonatal tolerance in murine experimental models and subsequently analyze tolerance induction in human newborn infants. Hematopoietic mixed chimerism in neonates is also discussed based on in utero hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplant studies. Then, we review the recent advances in tolerance induction approaches in adults, including the infusion of HSCs associated with less toxic conditioning regimens, regulatory T cells/facilitating cells/mesenchymal stem cells transplantation, costimulatory blockade, and thymus manipulation. Finally, IS withdrawal in pediatric solid organ transplant is discussed. In conclusion, the establishment of transplant tolerance induction in infants is promising and deserves further investigations. Future studies could focus on the selection of patients, on less toxic conditioning regimens, and on biomarkers for IS minimization or withdrawal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Pan
- Chair of Transplantation, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France; Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Aram Gazarian
- Chair of Transplantation, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France; Department of Hand Surgery, Clinique du Parc, Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Michel Dubernard
- Chair of Transplantation, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France; Department of Transplantation, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), Université de Lyon , Lyon , France
| | - Marie-Cécile Michallet
- Chair of Transplantation, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France; Cancer Research Center Lyon (CRCL), UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS 5286, Centre Leon Berard, Lyon, France
| | - Mauricette Michallet
- Chair of Transplantation, VetAgro Sup-Campus Vétérinaire de Lyon, Marcy l'Etoile, France; Department of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Pierre Benite, France
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25
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Grimm AJ, Kontos S, Diaceri G, Quaglia-Thermes X, Hubbell JA. Memory of tolerance and induction of regulatory T cells by erythrocyte-targeted antigens. Sci Rep 2015; 5:15907. [PMID: 26511151 PMCID: PMC4625129 DOI: 10.1038/srep15907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
New approaches based on induction of antigen-specific immunological tolerance are being explored for treatment of autoimmunity and prevention of immunity to protein drugs. Antigens associated with apoptotic debris are known to be processed tolerogenically in vivo. Our group is exploring an approach toward antigen-specific tolerization using erythrocyte-binding antigens, based on the premise that as the erythrocytes circulate, age and are cleared, the erythrocyte surface-bound antigen payload will be cleared tolerogenically along with the eryptotic debris. Here, we characterized the phenotypic signatures of CD8+ T cells undergoing tolerance in response to soluble and erythrocyte-targeted antigen. Signaling through programmed death-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1), but not through cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), was shown to be required for antigen-specific T cell deletion, anergy and expression of regulatory markers. Generation of CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in response to erythrocyte-targeted antigens but not soluble antigen at an equimolar dose was observed, and these cells were required for long-term maintenance of immune tolerance in both the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell compartments. Evidence of infectious tolerance was observed, in that tolerance to a one antigenic epitope was able to regulate responses to other epitopes in the same protein antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alizée J. Grimm
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Kontos
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anokion SA, Ecublens, Switzerland
- Kanyos Bio, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giacomo Diaceri
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Quaglia-Thermes
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jeffrey A. Hubbell
- Institute of Bioengineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Anokion SA, Ecublens, Switzerland
- Kanyos Bio, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute for Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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