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Chen X, Duan Z, He F, Wang H, Wu Z. Ag/AgBr-oxygen enriched g-C 3N 4 for efficient photocatalytic degradation of trimethylamine. RSC Adv 2024; 14:14068-14079. [PMID: 38686283 PMCID: PMC11057413 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02395a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, Ag/AgBr-O-gCN samples with ternary Z-type heterojunctions were prepared by in situ photoreduction using water as the reducing agent for generating Ag/AgBr active species and oxygen doping. The experimental results indicated that Ag/AgBr-O-gCN degraded trimethylamine by nearly 100% in half an hour and maintained 90% of its original activity after five cycles. The kinetic constant of Ag/AgBr-O-gCN was excellent at 0.0928 min-1, 3.8 times that of gCN, 2.3 times that of Ag/AgBr-gCN, and 1.9 times that of O-gCN. Unlike Ag/AgBr-gCN photoreduced by methanol, gCN was used as an electron donor in the aqueous solution during the photoreduction process, and oxidation sites between the gCN skeleton and Ag/AgBr were formed for constructing the heterojunction system. The Z-type heterojunction system was established by introducing a suitable size of Ag nanoparticles as the recombination center to keep indirect contact between gCN and AgBr. This effectively reduced the electron-hole recombination rate and caused activity enhancement. This study offers a novel idea for the construction of a ternary heterojunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Zeyu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Feiyang He
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
| | - Haiqiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
| | - Zhongbiao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental & Resources Science, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 P.R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Industrial Boiler & Furnace Flue Gas Pollution Control Hangzhou 310058 P. R. China
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Mahmoud ME, Nabil GM, Elsayed SM, Rashad AR. Synthesis of innovative and sustainable gelatin@graphene oxide-crosslinked-zirconium silicate@gelatin nanobiosorbent for effective biosorption of basic fuchsin dye. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5347. [PMID: 37005421 PMCID: PMC10067947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31584-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Most dye stuffs and coloring materials are mainly categorized as hazardous pollutants in water effluents due to their nature as non-biodegradable, highly toxic and extremely carcinogenic. For this reason, rapid and efficient eradication of waste dyes from wastewaters before discharging into water streams must be accomplished by an acceptable approach as adsorption technique. Therefore, the present study is aimed and devoted to synthesize a novel nanobiosorbent from three different constituents, gelatin (Gel) as a sustainable natural product, graphene oxide (GO) as an example of highly stable carbonaceous material and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO4) as an example of combined metal oxides for the formation of Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel by using formaldehyde (F) as a cross-linkage reagent. Several characterization techniques as FT-IR were employed to identify the incorporated surface reactive Functionalities in Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel as -OH, =NH, -NH2, -COOH and C=O, etc. The morphology for particle shape and size of Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel were confirmed from the SEM and TEM analyses providing 15.75- 32.79 nm. The surface area was determined by the BET and found to correspond to 219.46 m2 g-1. Biosorptive removal of basic fuchsin (BF) pollutant as an example of a widely applicable dye in various activities was monitored and optimized under the influence of pH (2-10), reaction time (1-30 min), initial BF pollutant concentration (5-100 mg L-1), nanobiosorbent dosage (5-60 mg), temperature (30-60 °C) and interfering ions. The maximum biosorptive removal values of BF dye were established as 96.0 and 95.2% using 5 and 10 mg L-1, respectively at the recommended pH 7 condition. The Thermodynamic parameters demonstrated that the BF dye adsorption onto Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel was taken place via spontaneous and endothermic reaction. Chemisorption is the predominant adsorption mechanism by forming multilayers upon nonhomogeneous surface in accordance with Freundlich model hypothesis. The applicability of the optimized Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel in biosorptive removal of BF pollutant from real water sample was successfully accomplished by the batch technique. Thus, this study clearly shows that Gel@GO-F-ZrSiO4@Gel exhibited significant influences on remediation of industrial effluents containing BF pollutant with superior efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Mahmoud
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, 21321, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Gehan M Nabil
- Chemistry Department, College of Arts and Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdelaziz University, Wadi Eldawasser, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarah M Elsayed
- Department of Modeling and Simulation, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amal R Rashad
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Alexandria University, P.O. Box 426, Ibrahimia, 21321, Alexandria, Egypt
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The Effect of Surface Treatments on Zirconia Bond Strength and Durability. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14020089. [PMID: 36826888 PMCID: PMC9968119 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of airborne particle abrasion (APA) combined with MDP-containing resin cement, a glass-ceramic spray deposition (GCSD) method on the shear bond strengths (SBSs) and durability of 3 mol% yttrium oxide-stabilized zirconia ceramic (3Y-TZP) compared with lithium disilicate glass ceramics (LDGC). 3Y-TZP disks were randomly treated as follows: for Group APA+MDP, 3Y-TZP was abrased using 50 μm Al2O3 particles under 0.1 Mpa and bonded with MDP-containing resin cement; for Group GCSD, 3Y-TZP was treated with the GCSD method, etched by 5% HF for 90 s, silanized and bonded with resin cement without MDP. Group LDGC was bonded as the Group GCSD. X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray detector (EDX) were used to analyze the surface chemical and micro-morphological changes of the ceramics before bonding. The bonded ceramic specimens were randomly divided into subgroups, and the SBSs were determined before and after 10,000 thermocycling. The SBSs were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA analysis. Failure modes were determined with optical microscopy and SEM. The XRD, ATR-FTIR and XPS results identified the formation of lithium disilicate and zirconium silicate on 3Y-TZP after GCSD. The SEM micrographs revealed that 3Y-TZP surfaces were roughened by APA, while 3Y-TZP with GCSD and LDGC surfaces could be etched by HF to be porous. The APA treatment combined with MDP-containing resin cement produced the high immediate zirconia shear bond strengths (SBSs: 37.41 ± 13.51 Mpa) that was similar to the SBSs of the LDGC (34.87 ± 11.02 Mpa, p > 0.05), but, after thermocycling, the former dramatically decreased (24.00 ± 6.86 Mpa, maximum reduction by 35.85%) and the latter exhibited the highest SBSs (30.72 ± 7.97 Mpa, minimum reduction by 11.9%). The 3Y-TZP with GCSD treatment displayed the lower zirconia SBSs before thermocycling (27.03 ± 9.76 Mpa, p < 0.05), but it was similar to the 3Y-TZP treated with APA and MDP containing resin cement after thermocycling (21.84 ± 7.03 vs. 24.00 ± 6.86 Mpa, p > 0.05). The APA combined with MDP-containing resin cement could achieve the high immediate zirconia SBSs of those of the LDGC, but it decreased significantly after thermocycling. The GCSD technique could yield the immediate zirconia SBSs similar to those of LDGC before thermocycling, and long-term zirconia SBSs were similar to those of 3Y-TZP treated with APA followed by MDP-containing resin cement after thermocycling. Hence, the GCSD technique could enrich zirconia surface treatments and is an alternative to zirconia surface pretreatment for 3Y-TZP bond durability.
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Zhang X, Zhang C, Liu Y, Zhang R, Li M. Non-negligible roles of archaea in coastal carbon biogeochemical cycling. Trends Microbiol 2022; 31:586-600. [PMID: 36567186 DOI: 10.1016/j.tim.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Coastal zones are among the world's most productive ecosystems. They store vast amounts of organic carbon, as 'blue carbon' reservoirs, and impact global climate change. Archaeal communities are integral components of coastal microbiomes but their ecological roles are often overlooked. However, archaeal diversity, metabolism, evolution, and interactions, revealed by recent studies using rapidly developing cutting-edge technologies, place archaea as important players in coastal carbon biogeochemical cycling. We here summarize the latest advances in the understanding of archaeal carbon cycling processes in coastal ecosystems, specifically, archaeal involvement in CO2 fixation, organic biopolymer transformation, and methane metabolism. We also showcase the potential to use of archaeal communities to increase carbon sequestration and reduce methane production, with implications for mitigating climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxu Zhang
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Cuijing Zhang
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Li
- Archaeal Biology Center, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering, Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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5
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Ault AP, Grassian VH, Carslaw N, Collins DB, Destaillats H, Donaldson DJ, Farmer DK, Jimenez JL, McNeill VF, Morrison GC, O'Brien RE, Shiraiwa M, Vance ME, Wells JR, Xiong W. Indoor Surface Chemistry: Developing a Molecular Picture of Reactions on Indoor Interfaces. Chem 2020; 6:3203-3218. [PMID: 32984643 PMCID: PMC7501779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chemical reactions on indoor surfaces play an important role in air quality in indoor environments, where humans spend 90% of their time. We focus on the challenges of understanding the complex chemistry that takes place on indoor surfaces and identify crucial steps necessary to gain a molecular-level understanding of environmental indoor surface chemistry: (1) elucidate key surface reaction mechanisms and kinetics important to indoor air chemistry, (2) define a range of relevant and representative surfaces to probe, and (3) define the drivers of surface reactivity, particularly with respect to the surface composition, light, and temperature. Within the drivers of surface composition are the roles of adsorbed/absorbed water associated with indoor surfaces and the prevalence, inhomogeneity, and properties of secondary organic films that can impact surface reactivity. By combining laboratory studies, field measurements, and modeling we can gain insights into the molecular processes necessary to further our understanding of the indoor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Ault
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Vicki H Grassian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicola Carslaw
- Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, North Yorkshire YO10 5NG, UK
| | - Douglas B Collins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17837, USA
| | - Hugo Destaillats
- Indoor Environment Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - D James Donaldson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.,Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Delphine K Farmer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Jose L Jimenez
- Department of Chemistry and Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - V Faye McNeill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Glenn C Morrison
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Rachel E O'Brien
- Department of Chemistry, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA
| | - Manabu Shiraiwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Marina E Vance
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - J R Wells
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.,Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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6
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Nazaroff WW, Weschler CJ. Indoor acids and bases. INDOOR AIR 2020; 30:559-644. [PMID: 32233033 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Numerous acids and bases influence indoor air quality. The most abundant of these species are CO2 (acidic) and NH3 (basic), both emitted by building occupants. Other prominent inorganic acids are HNO3 , HONO, SO2 , H2 SO4 , HCl, and HOCl. Prominent organic acids include formic, acetic, and lactic; nicotine is a noteworthy organic base. Sources of N-, S-, and Cl-containing acids can include ventilation from outdoors, indoor combustion, consumer product use, and chemical reactions. Organic acids are commonly more abundant indoors than outdoors, with indoor sources including occupants, wood, and cooking. Beyond NH3 and nicotine, other noteworthy bases include inorganic and organic amines. Acids and bases partition indoors among the gas-phase, airborne particles, bulk water, and surfaces; relevant thermodynamic parameters governing the partitioning are the acid-dissociation constant (Ka ), Henry's law constant (KH ), and the octanol-air partition coefficient (Koa ). Condensed-phase water strongly influences the fate of indoor acids and bases and is also a medium for chemical interactions. Indoor surfaces can be large reservoirs of acids and bases. This extensive review of the state of knowledge establishes a foundation for future inquiry to better understand how acids and bases influence the suitability of indoor environments for occupants, cultural artifacts, and sensitive equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Nazaroff
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Charles J Weschler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- International Centre for Indoor Environment and Energy, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
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7
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Li Z, Zhou X, Shi J, Zou X, Huang X, Tahir HE. Preparation of conducting polyaniline/protoporphyrin composites and their application for sensing VOCs. Food Chem 2018; 276:291-297. [PMID: 30409597 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Polyaniline/protoporphyrin nanocomposites were prepared via a simple chemical method in the acidic suspension of protoporphyrin. The scanning electron microscope images revealed that the polyaniline/protoporphyrin composites exhibited an interesting nanosheet structure decorated with nanoparticles, which is rather different with the usual nanofiber morphology of polyaniline. The formation of the nanosheet structure is because protoporphyrin molecules may exist as a bilayer form at low pH, which is similar with the phospholipid bilayer in membranes of cells. To demonstrate the application potential of the composites, the sensing performance of the composites was tested when exposed to four volatile organic compounds, including trimethylamine, triethylamine, ethanol, and ethyl acetate. The composites exhibited highest response value (S) of 39.482 toward trimethylamine, and fast response time of 2-4 s toward trimethylamine and triethylamine. The outstanding sensing performance showed that the prepared composites had great application potential in electronic noses system in further work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Li
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xucheng Zhou
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- College of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Khadka K, Strandwitz NC, Ferguson GS. Byproduct-Free Route to Aminosiloxane Monolayers on Silicon/Silicon Dioxide. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:1639-1645. [PMID: 28121157 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b04415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The chemisorption of N-methyl-aza-2,2,4-trimethylsilacyclopentane from either the solution or the vapor phase produces monolayer films on silicon (oxide) substrates. The formation of a covalent siloxane linkage to the surface by this adsorbate is accompanied by ring opening, which produces no byproduct. The resulting secondary amine reacts with maleic anhydride to produce a carboxylic acid-terminated surface, accompanied by the formation of a stable amide bond. These reactions and their products were characterized by a combination of optical ellipsometry, contact-angle goniometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Khadka
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Nicholas C Strandwitz
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Gregory S Ferguson
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Lehigh University , Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
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9
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Ge Y, Liu Y, Chu B, He H, Chen T, Wang S, Wei W, Cheng S. Ozonolysis of Trimethylamine Exchanged with Typical Ammonium Salts in the Particle Phase. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:11076-11084. [PMID: 27626464 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Alkylamines contribute to both new particle formation and brown carbon. The toxicity of particle-phase amines is of great concern in the atmospheric chemistry community. Degradation of particulate amines may lead to secondary products in the particle phase, which are associated with changes in the adverse health impacts of aerosols. In this study, O3 oxidation of particulate trimethylamine (TMA) formed via heterogeneous uptake of TMA by (NH4)2SO4, NH4HSO4, NH4NO3 and NH4Cl, was investigated with in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR-MS). HCOOH, HCHO, CH3N═CH2, (CH3)2NCHO, CH3NO2, CH3N(OH)CHO, CH3NHOH and H2O were identified as products on all the substrates based upon IR (one-dimensional IR and two-dimensional correlation infrared spectroscopy), quantum chemical calculation and PTR-MS results. A reaction mechanism was proposed to explain the observed products. This work demonstrates that oxidation might be a degradation pathway of particulate amines in the atmosphere. This will aid in understanding the fate of particulate amines formed by nucleation and heterogeneous uptake and their potential health impacts during atmospheric aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Ge
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yongchun Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Biwu Chu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Urban Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tianzeng Chen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaoxin Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100022, China
| | - Shuiyuan Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing on Regional Air Pollution Control, Beijing University of Technology , Beijing 100022, China
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10
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Siswanto D, Chhon Y, Thiravetyan P. Uptake and degradation of trimethylamine by Euphorbia milii. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17067-76. [PMID: 27209635 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6874-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Trimethylamine (TMA) is a volatile organic compound which causes not only unpleasant odor but also health concerns to humans. The average emission of TMA from food and fishery industries is 20.60 parts per billion (ppb) and emission from the gas exhausters is even higher which reaches 370 parts per million (ppm). In order to select the best plant TMA removal agent, in this study, 13 plants were exposed to 100 ppm of TMA and the remaining TMA concentration in their system was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC). Furthermore, plant metabolites from the selected plant were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The result showed that Euphorbia milii was the most superior plant for TMA removal and could absorb up to 90 % of TMA within 12 h. E. milii absorbed TMA via leaf and stem with 55 and 45 % uptake efficiency, respectively. Based on its stomatal movement during the exposure to TMA, it was implied that the plant switched the photosynthetic mode from crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)-cycling to CAM and CAM-idling. The switching of photosynthetic mode might reduce the stomata role in TMA absorption. Fatty acids, alkanes, and fatty alcohols in the plant leaf wax were also found to contribute to TMA adsorption. Leaf wax, stomata, and other leaf constituents contributed 58, 6, and 36 %, respectively, of the total TMA absorption by the leaf. The analysis and identification of plant metabolites confirmed that TMA was degraded and mineralized by E. milii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dian Siswanto
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
| | - Yanvary Chhon
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Paitip Thiravetyan
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
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11
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Ongwandee M, Sawanyapanich P. Influence of relative humidity and gaseous ammonia on the nicotine sorption to indoor materials. INDOOR AIR 2012; 22:54-63. [PMID: 21913993 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00737.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sorption of nitrogen-containing organic constituents of environmental tobacco smoke may be influenced by ammonia, a common indoor gas, and relative humidity (RH). We quantified sorption kinetics and equilibria of nicotine with stainless steel, cotton-polyester curtain, and polypropylene carpet at 0%, 50%, and 90% RH and in the presence of ammonia using a 10-l stainless steel chamber. Nicotine was introduced into the chamber by flash evaporating 50 μl of pure liquid. Kinetic sorption parameters were determined by fitting a mass balance model to experimental results using a nonlinear regression. Results show that an equilibrium partition coefficient, k(e) , of nicotine tended to increase as the RH increased for the curtain and carpet. Adsorbed water may contribute to an increase in available sites for nicotine sorption on the surface. In the presence of 20- and 40-ppm NH(3) , the values of k(e) for carpet were decreased by 14-40% at 50% and 90% RH, but the effect of NH(3) was not observed at 0% RH. The values of k(e) ranged from 54 to 152 m. Our findings indicate the relative importance of nicotine sorption to surfaces is dependent on the relative humidity and the presence of ammonia. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This research demonstrates that relative humidity and gaseous ammonia can influence nicotine sorption to common indoor surfaces, i.e., curtains and carpets. Increasing the relative humidity from dry to modest appears to enhance the sorptive capacity. Presence of the typical range of gaseous ammonia concentrations can reduce the nicotine sorption in a humid environment but does not affect the sorptive capacity in the absence of added water. Thus, studies on the dynamic sorption of other alkaloids or amine constituents of environmental tobacco smoke to indoor surfaces should consider the impact of water vapor concentration because of the interaction of water with the surface and sorbates. Furthermore, the mixture of gaseous amines may participate in adsorption site competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ongwandee
- Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand.
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Matt GE, Quintana PJE, Destaillats H, Gundel LA, Sleiman M, Singer BC, Jacob P, Benowitz N, Winickoff JP, Rehan V, Talbot P, Schick S, Samet J, Wang Y, Hang B, Martins-Green M, Pankow JF, Hovell MF. Thirdhand tobacco smoke: emerging evidence and arguments for a multidisciplinary research agenda. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2011; 119:1218-26. [PMID: 21628107 PMCID: PMC3230406 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1103500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 300] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is broad consensus regarding the health impact of tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure, yet considerable ambiguity exists about the nature and consequences of thirdhand smoke (THS). OBJECTIVES We introduce definitions of THS and THS exposure and review recent findings about constituents, indoor sorption-desorption dynamics, and transformations of THS; distribution and persistence of THS in residential settings; implications for pathways of exposure; potential clinical significance and health effects; and behavioral and policy issues that affect and are affected by THS. DISCUSSION Physical and chemical transformations of tobacco smoke pollutants take place over time scales ranging from seconds to months and include the creation of secondary pollutants that in some cases are more toxic (e.g., tobacco-specific nitrosamines). THS persists in real-world residential settings in the air, dust, and surfaces and is associated with elevated levels of nicotine on hands and cotinine in urine of nonsmokers residing in homes previously occupied by smokers. Much still needs to be learned about the chemistry, exposure, toxicology, health risks, and policy implications of THS. CONCLUSION The existing evidence on THS provides strong support for pursuing a programmatic research agenda to close gaps in our current understanding of the chemistry, exposure, toxicology, and health effects of THS, as well as its behavioral, economic, and sociocultural considerations and consequences. Such a research agenda is necessary to illuminate the role of THS in existing and future tobacco control efforts to decrease smoking initiation and smoking levels, to increase cessation attempts and sustained cessation, and to reduce the cumulative effects of tobacco use on morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg E Matt
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
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Abstract
UNLABELLED In the two decades since the first issue of Indoor Air, there have been over 250 peer-reviewed publications addressing chemical reactions among indoor pollutants. The present review has assembled and categorized these publications. It begins with a brief account of the state of our knowledge in 1991 regarding 'indoor chemistry', much of which came from corrosion and art conservation studies. It then outlines what we have learned in the period between 1991 and 2010 in the context of the major reference categories: gas-phase chemistry, surface chemistry, health effects and reviews/workshops. The indoor reactions that have received the greatest attention are those involving ozone-with terpenoids in the gas-phase as well as with the surfaces of common materials, furnishings, and the occupants themselves. It has become clear that surface reactions often have a larger impact on indoor settings than do gas-phase processes. This review concludes with a subjective list of major research needs going forward, including more information on the decomposition of common indoor pollutants, better understanding of how sorbed water influences surface reactions, and further identification of short-lived products of indoor chemistry. Arguably, the greatest need is for increased knowledge regarding the impact that indoor chemistry has on the health and comfort of building occupants. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Indoor chemistry changes the type and concentration of chemicals present in indoor environments. In the past, products of indoor chemistry were often overlooked, reflecting a focus on stable, relatively non-polar organic compounds coupled with the use of sampling and analytical methods that were unable to 'see' many of the products of such chemistry. Today, researchers who study indoor environments are more aware of the potential for chemistry to occur. Awareness is valuable, because it leads to the use of sampling methods and analytical tools that can detect changes in indoor environments resulting from chemical processes. This, in turn, leads to a more complete understanding of occupants' chemical exposures, potential links between these exposures and adverse health effects and, finally, steps that might be taken to mitigate these adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Weschler
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey and Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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