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He L, Wang L, He Z, Pang CH, Tang B, Wu A, Li J. Strategies for utilizing covalent organic frameworks as host materials for the integration and delivery of bioactives. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:1126-1151. [PMID: 38112198 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01492d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a new and developing class of porous framework materials, are considered a type of promising carrier for the integration and delivery of bioactives, which have diverse fascinating merits, such as a large specific surface area, designable and specific porosity, stable and orderly framework structure, and various active sites. However, owing to the significant differences among bioactives (including drugs, proteins, nucleic acid, and exosomes), such as size, structure, and physicochemical properties, the interaction between COFs and bioactives also varies. In this review, we firstly summarize three strategies for the construction of single or hybrid COF-based matrices for the delivery of cargos, including encapsulation, covalent binding, and coordination bonding. Besides, their smart response release behaviors are also categorized. Subsequently, the applications of cargo@COF biocomposites in biomedicine are comprehensively summarized, including tumor therapy, central nervous system (CNS) modulation, biomarker analysis, bioimaging, and anti-bacterial therapy. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu He
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Le Wang
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Zhen He
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
| | - Cheng Heng Pang
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| | - Bencan Tang
- Department of Chemical and Environment Engineering, The University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo, 315100, China.
| | - Aiguo Wu
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
| | - Juan Li
- Ningbo Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging Probe Materials and Technology, Zhejiang International Cooperation Base of Biomedical Materials Technology and Application, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices, Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Engineering Research Center for Biomedical Materials, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
- Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory, Huizhou, 516000, China
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Zhou LL, Guan Q, Dong YB. Covalent Organic Frameworks: Opportunities for Rational Materials Design in Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314763. [PMID: 37983842 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines are extensively used in cancer therapy. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline organic porous materials with several benefits for cancer therapy, including porosity, design flexibility, functionalizability, and biocompatibility. This review examines the use of COFs in cancer therapy from the perspective of reticular chemistry and function-oriented materials design. First, the modification sites and functionalization methods of COFs are discussed, followed by their potential as multifunctional nanoplatforms for tumor targeting, imaging, and therapy by integrating functional components. Finally, some challenges in the clinical translation of COFs are presented with the hope of promoting the development of COF-based anticancer nanomedicines and bringing COFs closer to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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Wang YP, Duan XH, Huang YH, Hou YJ, Wu K, Zhang F, Pan M, Shen J, Su CY. Radio- and Photosensitizing Os(II)-Based Nanocage for Combined Radio-/Chemo-/X-ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapies, NIR Imaging, and Drug Delivery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:43479-43491. [PMID: 37694454 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c08503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Integration of clinical imaging and collaborative multimodal therapies into a single nanomaterial for multipurpose diagnosis and treatment is of great interest to theranostic nanomedicine. Here, we report a rational design of a discrete Os-based metal-organic nanocage Pd6(OsL3)828+ (MOC-43) as a versatile theranostic nanoplatform to meet the following demands simultaneously: (1) synergistic treatments of radio-, chemo-, and X-ray-induced photodynamic therapies (X-PDT) for breast cancer, (2) NIR imaging for cancer cell tracking and tumor-targeting, and (3) anticancer drug transport through a host-guest strategy. The nanoscale MOC-43 incorporates high-Z Os-element to interact with X-ray irradiation for dual radiosensitization and photosensitization, showing efficient energy transfer to endogenous oxygen in cancer cells to enhance X-PDT efficacy. It also features intrinsic NIR emission originating from metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) as an excellent imaging probe. Meanwhile, its 12 pockets can capture and concentrate low-water-soluble molecules for anticancer drug delivery. These multifunctions are implemented and demonstrated by micellization of coumarin-loaded cages with DSPE-PEG2000 into coumarin ⊂ MOC-43 nanoparticles (CMNPs) for efficient subcellular endocytosis and uptake. The cancer treatments in vitro/in vivo show promising antitumor performance, providing a conceptual protocol to combine cage-cargo drug transport with diagnosis and treatment for collaborative cancer theranostics by virtue of multifunction synergism on a single-nanomaterial platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ping Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Duan
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Yin-Hui Huang
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Jun Hou
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kai Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Mei Pan
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Shen
- Department of Radiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Cheng-Yong Su
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, Lehn Institute of Functional Materials, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Gu X, Wu B, Feng G, Chen Z, Ren F, Chen X, Hong W, Li W. PD-L1 Blockade Peptide-Modified Polymeric Nanoparticles for Oxygen-Independent-Based Hypoxic Tumor Photo/Thermodynamic Immunotherapy. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:4007-4020. [PMID: 37427910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Distant metastasis of malignant tumors is considered to be the main culprit for the failure of current antitumor treatments. Conventional single treatments often exhibit limited efficacy in inhibiting tumor metastasis. Therefore, there is a growing interest in developing collaborative antitumor strategies based on photothermal therapy (PTT) and free-radical-generated photodynamic therapy (PDT), especially utilizing oxygen-independent nanoplatforms, to address this challenge. Such antitumor strategies can enhance the therapeutic outcomes by ensuring the cytotoxicity of free radicals even in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment, thereby improving the effective suppression of primary tumors. Additionally, these approaches can stimulate the production of tumor-associated antigens and amplify the immunogenic cell death (ICD) effects, potentially feasible for enhancing the therapeutic outcomes of immunotherapy. Herein, we fabricated a functional nanosystem that co-loads IR780 and 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane]-dihydrochloride (AIPH) to realize PTT-triggered thermodynamic combination therapy via the oxygen-independent pathway for the elimination of primary tumors. Furthermore, the nanocomposites were surface-decorated with a predesigned complex peptide (PLGVRGC-anti-PD-L1 peptide, MMP-sensitive), which facilitated the immunotherapy targeting distant tumors. Through the specific recognition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), the sensitive segment on the obtained aNC@IR780A was cleaved. As a result, the freed anti-PD-L1 peptide effectively blocked immune checkpoints, leading to the infiltration and activation of T cells (CTLs). This nanosystem was proven to be effective at inhibiting both primary tumors and distant tumors, providing a promising combination strategy for tumor PTT/TDT/immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Bin Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Guoyan Feng
- Western Ward Operation Room, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 20 Yuhuangding East Road, Yantai 264000, P. R. China
| | - Zhengshengnan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Fangli Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Xiangjun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Wei Hong
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, P. R. China
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Khan N, Slathia G, Kaliya K, Saneja A. Recent progress in covalent organic frameworks for cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103602. [PMID: 37119962 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have gained tremendous interest in cancer therapy owing to their multifunctional properties, such as biocompatibility, tunable cavities, excellent crystallinity, ease of modification/functionalization, and high flexibility. These unique properties offer multiple benefits, such as high loading capacity, prevention from premature leakage, targeted delivery to the tumor microenvironment (TME), and release of therapeutic agents in a controlled manner, which makes them effective and excellent nanoplatforms for cancer therapeutics. In this review, we outline recent advances in using COFs as delivery system for chemotherapeutic agents, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), sonodynamic therapy (SDT), cancer diagnostics, and combinatorial therapy for cancer therapeutics. We also summarize current challenges and future directions of this unique research field. Teaser: This review highlights recent advances in covalent organic frameworks as multifaceted nanoplatform with recent case studies for improving therapeutic outcomes for cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabab Khan
- Formulation Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Garima Slathia
- Formulation Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Kajal Kaliya
- Formulation Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankit Saneja
- Formulation Laboratory, Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur-176061, Himachal Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad-201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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