1
|
Zheng YD, Huang BW, Zhang X, Liu CF, Xin LS, Wang CM, Bai CM. The Probiotic Bacillus hwajinpoensis Colonizes the Digestive System of Crassostrea gigas Larvae and Protects Them from Vibrio alginolyticus Infection. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2918. [PMID: 38138062 PMCID: PMC10745402 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas is one of the most important cultured marine species around the world. Production of Pacific oysters in China has depended primarily on hatchery produced seeds since 2016, with the successful introduction and development of triploid oysters. However, the seed supply of Pacific oysters is threatened by recurring mass mortality events in recent years. Vibriosis is the most commonly encountered disease associated with intensive oyster culture in hatcheries and nurseries. Vibrio alginolyticus and Bacillus hwajinpoensis were the two strains with pathogenic and probiotic effects, respectively, identified during the Pacific oyster larvae production. To monitor their colonization process in Pacific oyster larvae, green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) were labeled to the pathogenic V. alginolyticus and the probiotic B. hwajinpoensis stain, respectively. The pathogenic and probiotic effects of the two strains during the colonization process were then assessed. Stabile expression of GFP and RFP were observed in corresponding stains, and the capabilities of growth, biofilm formation and in vitro adhesion of GFP- and RFP- tagged stains were not significantly different from those of the wild-type strains. Usage of probiotics of 105 CFU/mL significantly inhibited the growth of pathogenic V. alginolyticus and reduced the mortality of D-sharped larvae. Both the pathogenic and probiotic strains employed a similar route to enter and colonize the oyster larvae, which indicates that competing with pathogens for binding and spreading sites were one of the mechanisms of B. hwajinpoensis to provide the probiotic effects to oyster larvae. In summary, employment of fluorescence-tagged pathogenic and probiotic strains simultaneously provides us with an excellent bioassay model to investigate the potential mechanisms of probiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Dong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bo-Wen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Chen-Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lu-Sheng Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chong-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Chang-Ming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; (Y.-D.Z.); (B.-W.H.); (X.Z.); (C.-F.L.); (L.-S.X.); (C.-M.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
De León LF, Martinez-Urtaza J. Editorial overview: Novel approaches to gauge the human footprint on the biosphere. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 84:103018. [PMID: 37924687 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Human disturbances are altering the biosphere in unprecedented ways. Yet, the precise picture of how these disturbances are altering the biosphere and the consequences for humans and the planet reamain undefined. The knowledge and tools to quantify these impacts are often dispersed across traditionally independent scientific disciplines. This special issue brings together a large diversity of topics and global experts under the common theme of using novel advances and tools to gauge the human footprint on the biosphere. The topics discussed illustrate how the integration of novel tools and approaches is key to quantify and address the most pressing environmental issues affecting our planet today and their potential consequences for humans. The global scope of this special issue provides a roadmap to address these challenges in a diverse range of environments and types of anthropogenetic disturbances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luis F De León
- Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Blvd., Boston, MA 02125, USA.
| | - Jaime Martinez-Urtaza
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li D, Liu Q, Zhao Y, Lv M, Tang X, Zhao Y. ROS meditated paralytic shellfish toxins production changes of Alexandrium tamarense caused by microplastic particles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 338:122702. [PMID: 37821042 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
A variety of studies have investigated the toxic effects of microplastics (MPs) on microalgae, but few of them considered their influence on dinoflagellate toxins production, which could cause significant ecological safety concerns in coastal areas. This research investigated the impacts of 5 μg L-1 and 5 mg L-1 polystyrene (PS) MPs on the changes of paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) production and their relationship with cellular oxidative stress of Alexandrium tamarense, a common harmful algal blooms causative dinoflagellate. The results showed elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, activation of antioxidant system and overproduction of PSTs were positively correlated under PS MPs exposure (especially under 5 mg L-1 PS MPs), and the PSTs changes were eliminated by the ROS inhibitor. Further transcriptomic analysis revealed that ROS could enhance biosynthesis of glutamate, providing raw materials for PSTs precursor arginine, accompanied with enhanced acetyl-CoA and ATP production, finally leading to the overproduction of PSTs. Moreover, the oxidative intracellular environments might block the reduction process from STX to C1&C2, leading to the increase of STX and decrease of C1&C2 proportions. This work brings the first evidence that ROS could mediate PSTs production and compositions of Alexandrium under MPs exposure, with important scientific and ecological significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danrui Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Department of Marine Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao, 266104, China; Qingdao Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecological Restoration and Security, Qingdao, 266104, China
| | - Yirong Zhao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Department of Marine Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Mengchen Lv
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Department of Marine Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xuexi Tang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Department of Marine Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Department of Marine Ecology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hatfield RG, Ryder D, Tidy AM, Hartnell DM, Dean KJ, Batista FM. Combining Nanopore Sequencing with Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Enables Identification of Dinoflagellates from the Alexandrium Genus, Providing a Rapid, Field Deployable Tool. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:372. [PMID: 37368673 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The armoured dinoflagellate Alexandrium can be found throughout many of the world's temperate and tropical marine environments. The genus has been studied extensively since approximately half of its members produce a family of potent neurotoxins, collectively called saxitoxin. These compounds represent a significant threat to animal and environmental health. Moreover, the consumption of bivalve molluscs contaminated with saxitoxin poses a threat to human health. The identification of Alexandrium cells collected from sea water samples using light microscopy can provide early warnings of a toxic event, giving harvesters and competent authorities time to implement measures that safeguard consumers. However, this method cannot reliably resolve Alexandrium to a species level and, therefore, is unable to differentiate between toxic and non-toxic variants. The assay outlined in this study uses a quick recombinase polymerase amplification and nanopore sequencing method to first target and amplify a 500 bp fragment of the ribosomal RNA large subunit and then sequence the amplicon so that individual species from the Alexandrium genus can be resolved. The analytical sensitivity and specificity of the assay was assessed using seawater samples spiked with different Alexandrium species. When using a 0.22 µm membrane to capture and resuspend cells, the assay was consistently able to identify a single cell of A. minutum in 50 mL of seawater. Phylogenetic analysis showed the assay could identify the A. catenella, A. minutum, A. tamutum, A. tamarense, A. pacificum, and A. ostenfeldii species from environmental samples, with just the alignment of the reads being sufficient to provide accurate, real-time species identification. By using sequencing data to qualify when the toxic A. catenella species was present, it was possible to improve the correlation between cell counts and shellfish toxicity from r = 0.386 to r = 0.769 (p ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, a McNemar's paired test performed on qualitative data highlighted no statistical differences between samples confirmed positive or negative for toxic species of Alexandrium by both phylogenetic analysis and real time alignment with the presence or absence of toxins in shellfish. The assay was designed to be deployed in the field for the purposes of in situ testing, which required the development of custom tools and state-of-the-art automation. The assay is rapid and resilient to matrix inhibition, making it suitable as a potential alternative detection method or a complementary one, especially when applying regulatory controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Hatfield
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth DT48UB, UK
| | - David Ryder
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth DT48UB, UK
| | - Annabel M Tidy
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth DT48UB, UK
| | - David M Hartnell
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth DT48UB, UK
| | - Karl J Dean
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth DT48UB, UK
| | - Frederico M Batista
- Centre for Environment Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth DT48UB, UK
| |
Collapse
|