1
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Kim SK, Lee JB, Lee HT, Han D, Yoon JW. Development of antisense peptide-peptide nucleic acids against fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli. J Antimicrob Chemother 2023:dkad203. [PMID: 37390375 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkad203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are potent and broad-spectrum antibiotics commonly used to treat MDR bacterial infections, but bacterial resistance to FQs has emerged and spread rapidly around the world. The mechanisms for FQ resistance have been revealed, including one or more mutations in FQ target genes such as DNA gyrase (gyrA) and topoisomerase IV (parC). Because therapeutic treatments for FQ-resistant bacterial infections are limited, it is necessary to develop novel antibiotic alternatives to minimize or inhibit FQ-resistant bacteria. OBJECTIVES To examine the bactericidal effect of antisense peptide-peptide nucleic acids (P-PNAs) that can block the expression of DNA gyrase or topoisomerase IV in FQ-resistant Escherichia coli (FRE). METHODS A set of antisense P-PNA conjugates with a bacterial penetration peptide were designed to inhibit the expression of gyrA and parC and were evaluated for their antibacterial activities. RESULTS Antisense P-PNAs, ASP-gyrA1 and ASP-parC1, targeting the translational initiation sites of their respective target genes significantly inhibited the growth of the FRE isolates. In addition, ASP-gyrA3 and ASP-parC2, which bind to the FRE-specific coding sequence within the gyrA and parC structural genes, respectively, showed selective bactericidal effects against FRE isolates. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate the potential of targeted antisense P-PNAs as antibiotic alternatives against FQ-resistance bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Kye Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Bong Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Tae Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Dalmuri Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang Won Yoon
- College of Veterinary Medicine & Institute of Veterinary Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
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2
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Kokot M, Novak D, Zdovc I, Anderluh M, Hrast M, Minovski N. Exploring Alternative Pathways to Target Bacterial Type II Topoisomerases Using NBTI Antibacterials: Beyond Halogen-Bonding Interactions. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12050930. [PMID: 37237833 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12050930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) are a new class of antibacterial agents that target bacterial type II topoisomerases (DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV). Our recently disclosed crystal structure of an NBTI ligand in complex with DNA gyrase and DNA revealed that the halogen atom in the para position of the phenyl right hand side (RHS) moiety is able to establish strong symmetrical bifurcated halogen bonds with the enzyme; these are responsible for the excellent enzyme inhibitory potency and antibacterial activity of these NBTIs. To further assess the possibility of any alternative interactions (e.g., hydrogen-bonding and/or hydrophobic interactions), we introduced various non-halogen groups at the p-position of the phenyl RHS moiety. Considering the hydrophobic nature of amino acid residues delineating the NBTI's binding pocket in bacterial topoisomerases, we demonstrated that designed NBTIs cannot establish any hydrogen-bonding interactions with the enzyme; hydrophobic interactions are feasible in all respects, while halogen-bonding interactions are apparently the most preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kokot
- Laboratory for Cheminformatics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Doroteja Novak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Zdovc
- Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Hrast
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nikola Minovski
- Laboratory for Cheminformatics, Theory Department, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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3
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Tivari SR, Kokate SV, Gayke MS, Ahmad I, Patel H, Kumar SG, Jadeja YS. A Series of Dipeptide Derivatives Containing (S)‐5‐Oxo‐pyrrolidine‐2‐carboxilic Acid Conjugates: Design, Solid‐Phase Peptide Synthesis,
in vitro
Biological Evolution, and Molecular Docking Studies. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil R. Tivari
- Department of Chemistry Marwadi University Rajkot 360003 Gujarat India
| | - Siddhant V. Kokate
- Department of Chemistry S. S. C. College, Junnar Pune 410502 Maharashtra India
| | - Manoj S. Gayke
- Indrashil University Rajpur, Kadi, Mehsana 382740 Gujarat
| | - Iqrar Ahmad
- Division of computer-aided drug design Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Shirpur, Dhule 425405 Maharashtra India
| | - Harun Patel
- Division of computer-aided drug design Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Shirpur, Dhule 425405 Maharashtra India
| | - Siva G. Kumar
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics NIPER Mohali- 160062 Punjab India
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4
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Essential Paralogous Proteins as Potential Antibiotic Multitargets in Escherichia coli. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0204322. [PMID: 36445138 PMCID: PMC9769728 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02043-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance threatens our current standards of care for the treatment and prevention of infectious disease. Antibiotics that have multiple targets have a lower propensity for the development of antibiotic resistance than those that have single targets and therefore represent an important tool in the fight against antimicrobial resistance. In this work, groups of essential paralogous proteins were identified in the important Gram-negative pathogen Escherichia coli that could represent novel targets for multitargeting antibiotics. These groups include targets from a broad range of essential macromolecular and biosynthetic pathways, including cell wall synthesis, membrane biogenesis, transcription, translation, DNA replication, fatty acid biosynthesis, and riboflavin and isoprenoid biosynthesis. Importantly, three groups of clinically validated antibiotic multitargets were identified using this method: the two subunits of the essential topoisomerases, DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, and one pair of penicillin-binding proteins. An additional eighteen protein groups represent potentially novel multitargets that could be explored in drug discovery efforts aimed at developing compounds having multiple targets in E. coli and other bacterial pathogens. IMPORTANCE Many types of bacteria have gained resistance to existing antibiotics used in medicine today. Therefore, new antibiotics with novel mechanisms must continue to be developed. One tool to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance is for a single drug to target multiple processes in a bacterium so that more than one change must arise for resistance to develop. The work described here provides a comprehensive search for proteins in the bacterium Escherichia coli that could be targets for such multitargeting antibiotics. Several groups of proteins that are already targets of clinically used antibiotics were identified, indicating that this approach can uncover clinically relevant antibiotic targets. In addition, eighteen currently unexploited groups of proteins were identified, representing new multitargets that could be explored in antibiotic research and development.
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5
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Salman M, Sharma P, Kumar M, Ethayathulla AS, Kaur P. Targeting novel sites in DNA gyrase for development of anti-microbials. Brief Funct Genomics 2022; 22:180-194. [PMID: 36064602 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria poses major challenges in selection of the therapeutic regime for managing the infectious disease. There is currently an upsurge in the appearance of multiple drug resistance in bacterial pathogens and a decline in the discovery of novel antibiotics. DNA gyrase is an attractive target used for antibiotic discovery due to its vital role in bacterial DNA replication and segregation in addition to its absence in mammalian organisms. Despite the presence of successful antibiotics targeting this enzyme, there is a need to bypass the resistance against this validated drug target. Hence, drug development in DNA gyrase is a highly active research area. In addition to the conventional binding sites for the novobiocin and fluoroquinolone antibiotics, several novel sites are being exploited for drug discovery. The binding sites for novel bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitor (NBTI), simocyclinone, YacG, Thiophene and CcdB are structurally and biochemically validated active sites, which inhibit the supercoiling activity of topoisomerases. The novel chemical moieties with varied scaffolds have been identified to target DNA gyrase. Amongst them, the NBTI constitutes the most advanced DNA gyrase inhibitor which are in phase III trial of drug development. The present review aims to classify the novel binding sites other than the conventional novobiocin and quinolone binding pocket to bypass the resistance due to mutations in the DNA gyrase enzyme. These sites can be exploited for the identification of new scaffolds for the development of novel antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Salman
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - A S Ethayathulla
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Punit Kaur
- Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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6
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Desai NC, Jadeja DJ, Khedkar VM. Design, synthesis, antimicrobial activity and in silico molecular docking studies of some sulfur containing pyrazole-pyridine hybrids. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2085271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisheeth C. Desai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, India
| | - Dharmpalsinh J. Jadeja
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, India
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7
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Kokot M, Anderluh M, Hrast M, Minovski N. The Structural Features of Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors That Define Their Activity on Topoisomerase IV. J Med Chem 2022; 65:6431-6440. [PMID: 35503563 PMCID: PMC9109137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
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The continued emergence
of bacterial resistance has created an
urgent need for new and effective antibacterial agents. Bacterial
type II topoisomerases, such as DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV (topoIV),
are well-validated targets for antibacterial chemotherapy. The novel
bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) represent one of the new
promising classes of antibacterial agents. They can inhibit both of
these bacterial targets; however, their potencies differ on the targets
among species, making topoIV probably a primary target of NBTIs in
Gram-negative bacteria. Therefore, it is important to gain an insight
into the NBTIs key structural features that govern the topoIV inhibition.
However, in Gram-positive bacteria, topoIV is also a significant target
for achieving dual-targeting, which in turn contributes to avoiding
bacterial resistance caused by single-target mutations. In this perspective,
we address the structure–activity relationship guidelines for
NBTIs that target the topoIV enzyme in Gram-positive and Gram-negative
bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kokot
- Theory Department, Laboratory for Cheminformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Hrast
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nikola Minovski
- Theory Department, Laboratory for Cheminformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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8
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Flagstad T, Pedersen MT, Jakobsen TH, Felding J, Tolker-Nielsen T, Givskov M, Qvortrup K, Nielsen TE. Solid-phase synthesis and biological evaluation of piperazine-based novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 57:128499. [PMID: 34906671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.128499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is an emerging global need for new and more effective antibiotics against multi-resistant bacteria. This situation has led to massive industrial investigations on novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) that target the vital bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. However, several of the NBTI compound classes have been associated with inhibition of the hERG potassium channel, an undesired cause of cardiac arrhythmia, which challenges medicinal chemistry efforts through lengthy synthetic routes. We herein present a solid-phase strategy that rapidly facilitates the chemical synthesis of a promising new class of NBTIs. A proof-of-concept library was synthesized with the ability to modulate both hERG affinity and antibacterial activity through scaffold substitutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Flagstad
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette T Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tim H Jakobsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
| | - Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Thomas E Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.
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9
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Desai NC, Wadekar KR, Mehta HK, Pandit UP, Khedkar VM. Design, Synthesis, Antibacterial Activity and in Silico Studies of Novel Quinolone Fused with Triazine, Thiadiazole and Oxadiazole Heterocycles. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2021.2009886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisheeth C. Desai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University (DST-FIST Sponsored & UGC NON-SAP), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Harsh K. Mehta
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University (DST-FIST Sponsored & UGC NON-SAP), Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Unnat P. Pandit
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay M. Khedkar
- School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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10
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Roca J, Dyson S, Segura J, Valdés A, Martínez-García B. Keeping intracellular DNA untangled: A new role for condensin? Bioessays 2021; 44:e2100187. [PMID: 34761394 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202100187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The DNA-passage activity of topoisomerase II accidentally produces DNA knots and interlinks within and between chromatin fibers. Fortunately, these unwanted DNA entanglements are actively removed by some mechanism. Here we present an outline on DNA knot formation and discuss recent studies that have investigated how intracellular DNA knots are removed. First, although topoisomerase II is able to minimize DNA entanglements in vitro to below equilibrium values, it is unclear whether such capacity performs equally in vivo in chromatinized DNA. Second, DNA supercoiling could bias topoisomerase II to untangle the DNA. However, experimental evidence indicates that transcriptional supercoiling of intracellular DNA boosts knot formation. Last, cohesin and condensin could tighten DNA entanglements via DNA loop extrusion (LE) and force their dissolution by topoisomerase II. Recent observations indicate that condensin activity promotes the removal of DNA knots during interphase and mitosis. This activity might facilitate the spatial organization and dynamics of chromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Roca
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Dyson
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joana Segura
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Valdés
- Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Belén Martínez-García
- Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (IBMB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Desai NC, Rupala YM, Khasiya AG, Shah KN, Pandit UP, Khedkar VM. Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking study of thiophene‐, piperazine‐, and thiazolidinone‐based hybrids as potential antimicrobial agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisheeth C. Desai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University Bhavnagar India
| | - Yogesh M. Rupala
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University Bhavnagar India
| | - Ashvinkumar G. Khasiya
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University Bhavnagar India
| | - Keyur N. Shah
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University Bhavnagar India
| | - Unnat P. Pandit
- Special Centre for Systems Medicine Jawaharlal Nehru University New Delhi India
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12
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Kokot M, Weiss M, Zdovc I, Hrast M, Anderluh M, Minovski N. Structurally Optimized Potent Dual-Targeting NBTI Antibacterials with an Enhanced Bifurcated Halogen-Bonding Propensity. ACS Med Chem Lett 2021; 12:1478-1485. [PMID: 34527181 PMCID: PMC8436411 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
![]()
We designed and synthesized
an optimized library of novel bacterial
topoisomerase inhibitors with p-halogenated phenyl
right-hand side fragments and significantly enhanced and balanced
dual-targeted DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV activities of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. By increasing the electron-withdrawing properties of the p-halogenated phenyl right-hand side fragment and maintaining
a similar lipophilicity and size, an increased potency was achieved,
indicating that the antibacterial activities of this series of novel
bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors against all target enzymes are
determined by halogen-bonding rather than van der Waals interactions.
They show nanomolar enzyme inhibitory and whole-cell antibacterial
activities against S. aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) strains. However, due to the relatively
high substrate specificity for the bacterial efflux pumps, they tend
to be less potent against E. coli and other Gram-negative
pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Kokot
- Theory Department, Laboratory for Cheminformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- The Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Weiss
- The Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Irena Zdovc
- Veterinary Faculty, Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Hrast
- The Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- The Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nikola Minovski
- Theory Department, Laboratory for Cheminformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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13
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GyrB inhibitors as potential antibacterial agents: a review. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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14
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Desai NC, Vaghani HV, Jethawa AM, Khedkar VM. In silico molecular docking studies of oxadiazole and pyrimidine bearing heterocyclic compounds as potential antimicrobial agents. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2021; 354:e2100134. [PMID: 34169569 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Microbial resistance is a major problem faced by the scientific community. It has created an urgent need to develop antimicrobial agents with novel structures and mechanisms of action. With this aim, a series of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazoles bearing 3,4-dihydropyrimidine heterocyclic motifs 4a-l were designed and synthesized. One-pot Biginelli synthesis is pivotal due to the use of readily available chemicals, shorter reaction time, and ecofriendly synthesis with a good yield. The structures of the synthesized molecules were characterized and confirmed by infrared, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13 C NMR, and mass spectroscopic techniques. The title compounds were screened against Gram-positive and -negative strains of bacteria and fungi using the Mueller-Hinton broth method. Compound 4d was found to be the most promising against Escherichia coli (12.5 µg/ml), whereas the same compound showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 50 µg/ml. Other compounds of the same series, 4c and 4h, displayed moderate activity against Streptococcus pyogenes at a concentration of 50 µg/ml. Furthermore, results of the antifungal activity tests revealed that compound 4i showed promising activity against all the strains of fungi, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus clavatus, at concentrations of 100, 50, and 100 µg/ml, respectively. Molecular docking also showed that these compounds had a significant binding affinity (Glide docking score: -7.74 to -6.531) for DNA gyrase, engaging in a series of bonded and nonbonded interactions with residues lining the active site. The results of molecular docking study validated the experimental findings, thereby providing an initiation mark to optimize this motif using a structure-based drug design approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisheeth C Desai
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Hasit V Vaghani
- Department of Chemistry, Mehsana Urban Institute of Science, Ganpat University, Mehsana, Gujarat, India
| | - Aratiba M Jethawa
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Vijay M Khedkar
- School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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15
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Desai N, Shihory N, Khasiya A, Pandit U, Khedkar V. Quinazoline clubbed thiazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole heterocycles: synthesis, characterization, antibacterial evaluation, and molecular docking studies. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2021.1871732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nisheeth Desai
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, (DST-FIST Sponsored and UGC NON-SAP), Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Niraj Shihory
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, (DST-FIST Sponsored and UGC NON-SAP), Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashvinkumar Khasiya
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, (DST-FIST Sponsored and UGC NON-SAP), Mahatma Gandhi Campus, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Unnat Pandit
- Intellectual Property Management Cell, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Khedkar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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16
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Henderson SR, Stevenson CEM, Malone B, Zholnerovych Y, Mitchenall LA, Pichowicz M, McGarry DH, Cooper IR, Charrier C, Salisbury AM, Lawson DM, Maxwell A. Structural and mechanistic analysis of ATPase inhibitors targeting mycobacterial DNA gyrase. J Antimicrob Chemother 2020; 75:2835-2842. [PMID: 32728686 PMCID: PMC7556816 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkaa286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of two novel compounds against mycobacteria and determine the molecular basis of their action on DNA gyrase using structural and mechanistic approaches. METHODS Redx03863 and Redx04739 were tested in antibacterial assays, and also against their target, DNA gyrase, using DNA supercoiling and ATPase assays. X-ray crystallography was used to determine the structure of the gyrase B protein ATPase sub-domain from Mycobacterium smegmatis complexed with the aminocoumarin drug novobiocin, and structures of the same domain from Mycobacterium thermoresistibile complexed with novobiocin, and also with Redx03863. RESULTS Both compounds, Redx03863 and Redx04739, were active against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative species, with Redx03863 being the more potent, and Redx04739 showing selectivity against M. smegmatis. Both compounds were potent inhibitors of the supercoiling and ATPase reactions of DNA gyrase, but did not appreciably affect the ATP-independent relaxation reaction. The structure of Redx03863 bound to the gyrase B protein ATPase sub-domain from M. thermoresistibile shows that it binds at a site adjacent to the ATP- and novobiocin-binding sites. We found that most of the mutations that we made in the Redx03863-binding pocket, based on the structure, rendered gyrase inactive. CONCLUSIONS Redx03863 and Redx04739 inhibit gyrase by preventing the binding of ATP. The fact that the Redx03863-binding pocket is distinct from that of novobiocin, coupled with the lack of activity of resistant mutants, suggests that such compounds could have potential to be further exploited as antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Henderson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Clare E M Stevenson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Brandon Malone
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Yelyzaveta Zholnerovych
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Lesley A Mitchenall
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Mark Pichowicz
- Redx Pharma PLC, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge SK10 4TG, UK
- Sygnature Discovery, The Discovery Building, Biocity, Pennyfoot Street, Nottingham NG1 1GR, UK
| | - David H McGarry
- Redx Pharma PLC, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge SK10 4TG, UK
- Globachem Discovery Ltd, Mereside, Alderley Park SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Ian R Cooper
- Redx Pharma PLC, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge SK10 4TG, UK
- AMR Centre Ltd, Mereside, Alderley Park SK10 4TG, UK
| | - Cedric Charrier
- Redx Pharma PLC, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge SK10 4TG, UK
- IHMA Europe Sàrl, Rte. de I’lle-au-Bois 1A, 1870 Monthey/VS, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Marie Salisbury
- Redx Pharma PLC, Mereside, Alderley Park, Alderley Edge SK10 4TG, UK
- 5D Health Protection Group Ltd, William Henry Duncan Building, West Derby Street, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
| | - David M Lawson
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
| | - Anthony Maxwell
- Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK
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18
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Jogula S, Krishna VS, Meda N, Balraju V, Sriram D. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel Pseudomonas aeruginosa DNA gyrase B inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103905. [PMID: 32388436 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we attempted to develop a novel class of compounds active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) by exploring the pharmaceutically well exploited enzyme targets. Since, lack of Pa gyrase B crystal structures, Thermus thermophilus gyrase B in complex with novobiocin (1KIJ) was used as template to generate model structure by performing homology modeling. Further the best model was validated and used for high-throughput virtual screening, docking and dynamics simulations using the in-house database for identification of Pa DNA gyrase B inhibitors. This study led to an identification of three lead molecules with IC50 values in range of 6.25-15.6 µM against Pa gyrase supercoiling assay. Lead-1 optimization and expansion resulted in 15 compounds. Among the synthesized compounds six compounds were shown good enzyme inhibition than Lead-1 (IC50 6.25 µM). Compound 13 emerged as the most potential compound exhibiting inhibition of Pa gyrase supercoiling with an IC50 of 2.2 µM; and in-vitro Pa activity with MIC of 8 µg/mL in presence of efflux pump inhibitor; hence could be further developed as novel inhibitor for Pa gyrase B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Jogula
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Vagolu Siva Krishna
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Nikhila Meda
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Vadla Balraju
- Albany Molecular Research Hyderabad Research Centre Private Limited, MN Park, Genome valley, Hyderabad 500078, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Hyderabad 500078, India.
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Abstract
Antibacterial agents are a group of materials that selectively destroy bacteria by interfering with bacterial growth or survival. With the emergence of resistance phenomenon of bacterial pathogens to current antibiotics, new drugs are frequently entering into the market along with the existing drugs, and the alternative compounds with antibacterial functions are being explored. Due to the advantages of their inherent biochemical and biophysical properties including precise targeting ability, biocompatibility, biodegradability, long blood circulation time, and low cytotoxicity, biomolecules such as peptides, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids have huge potential for the antimicrobial application and have been extensively studied in recent years. In this review, antimicrobial therapeutic agents composed of three kinds of functional biological molecules were summarized. In addition, the research progress of antibacterial mechanism, chemical modification, and nanoparticle coupling of those biomolecules were also discussed.
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20
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Ghannam IA, Abd El-Meguid EA, Ali IH, Sheir DH, El Kerdawy AM. Novel 2-arylbenzothiazole DNA gyrase inhibitors: Synthesis, antimicrobial evaluation, QSAR and molecular docking studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 93:103373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Magarò G, Prati F, Garofalo B, Corso G, Furlotti G, Apicella C, Mangano G, D'Atanasio N, Robinson D, Di Giorgio FP, Ombrato R. Virtual Screening Approach and Investigation of Structure-Activity Relationships To Discover Novel Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors Targeting Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Pathogens. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7445-7472. [PMID: 31276392 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial resistance is increasing rapidly, requiring urgent identification of new antibacterial drugs that are effective against multidrug-resistant pathogens. Novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) provide a new strategy for investigating the well-validated DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV targets while preventing cross-resistance issues. On this basis, starting from a virtual screening campaign and subsequent structure-based hit optimization guided by X-ray studies, a novel class of piperazine-like NBTIs with outstanding enzymatic activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV was identified. Notably, compounds (±)-33, (±)-35, and (±)-36 with potent and balanced multitarget enzymatic profiles exhibited excellent efficacy against selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, as well as clinically relevant resistant strains. Overall, the new NBTI chemotype described herein, owing to the broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and favorable in vitro safety profile, might serve as a basis for the development of novel treatments against serious infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Magarò
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Federica Prati
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Barbara Garofalo
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Gaia Corso
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Guido Furlotti
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Claudia Apicella
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Giorgina Mangano
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Noemi D'Atanasio
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Daniel Robinson
- Schrodinger , 120 West 45th Street , New York , New York 10036 , United States
| | - Francesco Paolo Di Giorgio
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
| | - Rosella Ombrato
- Angelini RR&D (Research, Regulatory & Development) , Angelini S.p.A. , Piazzale della Stazione SNC, S. Palomba-Pomezia , Rome 00071 , Italy
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22
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Gao F, Ye L, Kong F, Huang G, Xiao J. Design, synthesis and antibacterial activity evaluation of moxifloxacin-amide-1,2,3-triazole-isatin hybrids. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103162. [PMID: 31382058 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of novel moxifloxacin-amide-1,2,3-triazole-isatin hybrids 7a-l were designed and synthesized. The in vitro antibacterial activity against a panel of clinically important Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including drug-resistant pathogens was also evaluated. All hybrids showed considerable activity against the tested pathogens with MIC values of ≤0.03 to 128 μg/mL, and some of them such as hybrids 7e, 7g and 7j were comparable to or better than the parent moxifloxacin (MIC: ≤0.03-8 μg/mL). Moreover, hybrids 7e, 7g and 7j also demonstrated low cytotoxicity towards CHO cells. However, the in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles of these three hybrids were generally far inferior to the parent moxifloxacin. The structure-activity relationship and structure-cytotoxicity relationship were also studied and discussed which may help with the identification of new chemical entities as potent antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China
| | - Fangong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China
| | - Gang Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Jiaqi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking (LBMP), Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, PR China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.
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23
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Li D, Wang Q, Zhou B, Zhuge Q, Lv B. Small DNA circles as bacterial topoisomerase I inhibitors. RSC Adv 2019; 9:18415-18419. [PMID: 35515216 PMCID: PMC9064831 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02398d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial topoisomerase I is a potential target during the course of antibacterial drug therapy. In our studies, specifically designed small DNA circles with high bending stress were synthesized. It is demonstrated that small DNA circles showed high inhibitory effect on the activity of bacterial topoisomerase I and the single-stranded regions associated with bending deformation in DNA circles are believed to be the crucial factor for trapping the enzymes and decreasing the effective concentration of the topoisomerases in the reaction solution. In addition, the DNA circles showed high thermal stability and excellent nuclease resistance. In consideration of the low cytotoxicity of DNA-based biopharmaceuticals, our results may provide a new idea for the future design and optimization of DNA-based therapeutic agents for antibacterial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Li
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing 210037 China
- The Southern Modern Forestry Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Qiang Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Bing Zhou
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Qiang Zhuge
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing 210037 China
- The Southern Modern Forestry Collaborative Innovation Center, Nanjing Forestry University 159 Longpan Road Nanjing 210037 China
| | - Bei Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biofunctional Molecules, College of Life Science and Chemistry, Jiangsu Second Normal University Nanjing 210013 China
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24
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Kaur H, Singh J, Narasimhan B. Indole hybridized diazenyl derivatives: synthesis, antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity evaluation and docking studies. BMC Chem 2019; 13:65. [PMID: 31384812 PMCID: PMC6661771 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-019-0580-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In search of effective antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents, a series of indole hybridized diazenyl derivatives (DS-1 to DS-21) was efficiently prepared by condensation of diazotized p-aminoacetophenone with indole or nitroindole followed by reaction with different aromatic/heteroaromatic amines of biological significance. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Methodology The antimicrobial evaluation of DS-1 to DS-23 was done by tube dilution method against various pathogenic bacterial and fungal strains. The active antimicrobial derivatives were further evaluated for cytotoxicity against human lung carcinoma cell line (HCT-116), breast cancer cell line (MDAMB231), leukemic cancer cell line (K562), and normal cell line (HEK293) by MTT assay using doxorubicin as the standard drug. The test derivatives were additionally docked for the B-subunit of enzyme DNA gyrase from E. coli at the ATPase binding site to study the molecular interactions using Schrodinger maestro v11.5 software. Results and discussion Most of the synthesized derivatives have shown high activity against Gram-negative bacteria particularly E. coli and K. pneumonia with MIC ranging from 1.95 to 7.81 μg/ml. The derivatives have demonstrated very less activity against tested Gram positive bacterial and fungal strains. The derivatives DS-14 and DS-20 have been found to active against breast cancer cell line and human colon carcinoma cell line having IC50 in the range of 19–65 µg/ml. All the derivatives were found to less potent against leukemic cancer cell line. The synthesized derivatives have revealed their safety by exhibiting very less cytotoxicity against the normal cell line (HEK-293) with IC50 > 100 µg/ml. Most of the active derivatives have shown good docking scores in comparison to the standard drugs against DNA gyrase from E. coli. Further ADME predictions by Qikprop module of the Schrodinger confirmed these molecules have drug like properties. Conclusion The derivatives DS-14 and DS-20 have shown potential against Gram-negative bacteria and breast cancer cell line and can be used as a lead for rational drug designing of the antimicrobial and cytotoxic agents. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmeet Kaur
- 1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001 India
| | - Jasbir Singh
- 2College of Pharmacy, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, 124001 India
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Abdelbaset MS, Abdel-Aziz M, Ramadan M, Abdelrahman MH, Abbas Bukhari SN, Ali TF, Abuo-Rahma GEDA. Discovery of novel thienoquinoline-2-carboxamide chalcone derivatives as antiproliferative EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1076-1086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Oliveira Paiva AM, Friggen AH, Qin L, Douwes R, Dame RT, Smits WK. The Bacterial Chromatin Protein HupA Can Remodel DNA and Associates with the Nucleoid in Clostridium difficile. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:653-672. [PMID: 30633871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The maintenance and organization of the chromosome plays an important role in the development and survival of bacteria. Bacterial chromatin proteins are architectural proteins that bind DNA and modulate its conformation, and by doing so affect a variety of cellular processes. No bacterial chromatin proteins of Clostridium difficile have been characterized to date. Here, we investigate aspects of the C. difficile HupA protein, a homologue of the histone-like HU proteins of Escherichia coli. HupA is a 10-kDa protein that is present as a homodimer in vitro and self-interacts in vivo. HupA co-localizes with the nucleoid of C. difficile. It binds to the DNA without a preference for the DNA G + C content. Upon DNA binding, HupA induces a conformational change in the substrate DNA in vitro and leads to compaction of the chromosome in vivo. The present study is the first to characterize a bacterial chromatin protein in C. difficile and opens the way to study the role of chromosomal organization in DNA metabolism and on other cellular processes in this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Oliveira Paiva
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Annemieke H Friggen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Liang Qin
- Faculty of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roxanne Douwes
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Remus T Dame
- Faculty of Science, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Wiep Klaas Smits
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands; Center for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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27
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Abdelbaset MS, Abdel-Aziz M, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Abdelrahman MH, Ramadan M, Youssif BGM. Novel quinoline derivatives carrying nitrones/oximes nitric oxide donors: Design, synthesis, antiproliferative and caspase-3 activation activities. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2018; 352:e1800270. [PMID: 30500087 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201800270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel quinoline derivatives carrying nitrones and oxime as nitric oxide donors were prepared and characterized using different spectroscopic techniques. Nitrones can release nitric oxide in larger amounts compared to corresponding oximes. Antiproliferative screening results showed that the 2-benzylthioquinoline nitrones 6e and 6f and the 2-methylthio analogues 6g and 6h exhibited promising antiproliferative activity especially against leukemia and colon cancer cell lines. Compounds 6c, 6e, and 6f exhibited higher potency as anticancer agents compared to doxorubicin, with IC50 ranging from 0.45 to 0.91 μM. A remarkable overexpression of caspase-3 protein levels was observed in cells treated with the tested compounds. Compound 6e exhibited more pre-G1 apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase than in other phases. These results revealed that the tested compounds can cause programmed cell death through overexpression of caspase 3, which may be attributed to the release of nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud S Abdelbaset
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdel-Aziz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa H Abdelrahman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ramadan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Bahaa G M Youssif
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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28
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Abdelbaset MS, Abuo-Rahma GEDA, Abdelrahman MH, Ramadan M, Youssif BG, Bukhari SNA, Mohamed MF, Abdel-Aziz M. Novel pyrrol-2(3H)-ones and pyridazin-3(2H)-ones carrying quinoline scaffold as anti-proliferative tubulin polymerization inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2018; 80:151-163. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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29
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Discovery of dual GyrB/ParE inhibitors active against Gram-negative bacteria. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 157:610-621. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Badshah SL, Ullah A. New developments in non-quinolone-based antibiotics for the inhibiton of bacterial gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:393-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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31
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Mori M, Deodato D, Kasula M, Ferraris DM, Sanna A, De Logu A, Rizzi M, Botta M. Design, synthesis, SAR and biological investigation of 3-(carboxymethyl)rhodanine and aminothiazole inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Zmp1. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:637-641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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32
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Delgado JL, Hsieh CM, Chan NL, Hiasa H. Topoisomerases as anticancer targets. Biochem J 2018; 475:373-398. [PMID: 29363591 PMCID: PMC6110615 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 260] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Many cancer type-specific anticancer agents have been developed and significant advances have been made toward precision medicine in cancer treatment. However, traditional or nonspecific anticancer drugs are still important for the treatment of many cancer patients whose cancers either do not respond to or have developed resistance to cancer-specific anticancer agents. DNA topoisomerases, especially type IIA topoisomerases, are proved therapeutic targets of anticancer and antibacterial drugs. Clinically successful topoisomerase-targeting anticancer drugs act through topoisomerase poisoning, which leads to replication fork arrest and double-strand break formation. Unfortunately, this unique mode of action is associated with the development of secondary cancers and cardiotoxicity. Structures of topoisomerase-drug-DNA ternary complexes have revealed the exact binding sites and mechanisms of topoisomerase poisons. Recent advances in the field have suggested a possibility of designing isoform-specific human topoisomerase II poisons, which may be developed as safer anticancer drugs. It may also be possible to design catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerases by targeting certain inactive conformations of these enzymes. Furthermore, identification of various new bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors and regulatory proteins may inspire the discovery of novel human topoisomerase inhibitors. Thus, topoisomerases remain as important therapeutic targets of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine L Delgado
- Division of Medicinal and Natural Products Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, 115 S Grand Ave., S321 Pharmacy Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, U.S.A
| | - Chao-Ming Hsieh
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Nei-Li Chan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City 100, Taiwan
| | - Hiroshi Hiasa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Minnesota Medical School, 6-120 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, U.S.A.
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van Eijk E, Wittekoek B, Kuijper EJ, Smits WK. DNA replication proteins as potential targets for antimicrobials in drug-resistant bacterial pathogens. J Antimicrob Chemother 2018; 72:1275-1284. [PMID: 28073967 PMCID: PMC5400081 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkw548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the impending crisis of antimicrobial resistance, there is an urgent need to develop novel antimicrobials to combat difficult infections and MDR pathogenic microorganisms. DNA replication is essential for cell viability and is therefore an attractive target for antimicrobials. Although several antimicrobials targeting DNA replication proteins have been developed to date, gyrase/topoisomerase inhibitors are the only class widely used in the clinic. Given the numerous essential proteins in the bacterial replisome that may serve as a potential target for inhibitors and the relative paucity of suitable compounds, it is evident that antimicrobials targeting the replisome are underdeveloped so far. In this review, we report on the diversity of antimicrobial compounds targeting DNA replication and highlight some of the challenges in developing new drugs that target this process.
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Abstract
DNA topoisomerases are proven therapeutic targets of antibacterial agents. Quinolones, especially fluoroquinolones, are the most successful topoisomerase-targeting antibacterial drugs. These drugs target type IIA topoisomerases in bacteria. Recent structural and biochemical studies on fluoroquinolones have provided the molecular basis for both their mechanism of action, as well as the molecular basis of bacterial resistance. Due to the development of drug resistance, including fluoroquinolone resistance, among bacterial pathogens, there is an urgent need to discover novel antibacterial agents. Recent advances in topoisomerase inhibitors may lead to the development of novel antibacterial drugs that are effective against fluoroquinolone-resistant pathogens. They include type IIA topoisomerase inhibitors that either interact with the GyrB/ParE subunit or form nick-containing ternary complexes. In addition, several topoisomerase I inhibitors have recently been identified. Thus, DNA topoisomerases remain important targets of antibacterial agents.
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Yilmaz S, Yalcin I, Okten S, Onurdag FK, Aki-Yalcin E. Synthesis and investigation of binding interactions of 1,4-benzoxazine derivatives on topoisomerase IV in Acinetobacter baumannii. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 28:941-956. [PMID: 29206501 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2017.1404490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acinetobacter baumannii has emerged as an important pathogen for nosocomial infections having high morbidity and mortality. This pathogen is notorious for antimicrobial resistance to many common antimicrobial agents including fluoroquinolones, which have both intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms. Fluoroquinolones targeting the bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase and Topo IV) show potent broad-spectrum antibacterial activity by the stabilization of the covalent enzyme-DNA complex. However, their efficacy is now being threatened by an increasing prevalence of resistance. Fluoroquinolones cause stepwise mutations in DNA gyrase and Topo IV, having alterations of their binding sites. Furthermore, the water-Mg+2 bridge, which provides enzyme-fluoroquinolone interactions, has a significant role in resistance. In this study, 13 compounds were synthesized as 1,4-benzoxazine derivatives which act as bacterial topoisomerase II inhibitors and their antibacterial activities were determined against multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter strains which have ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistant and GyrA mutation. Afterwards we performed docking studies with Topo IV (pdb:2XKK) of these compounds to comprehend their binding properties in Discovery Studio 3.5. The results of this study show significant conclusions to elucidate the resistance mechanism and lead to the design of new antibacterial agents as bacterial topoisomerase II inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yilmaz
- a Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey
| | - I Yalcin
- b Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - S Okten
- c Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey
| | - F K Onurdag
- c Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Trakya University , Edirne , Turkey
| | - E Aki-Yalcin
- b Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy , Ankara University , Ankara , Turkey
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36
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Synthesis, biological evaluation and in silico study of bis-thiourea derivatives as anticancer, antimalarial and antimicrobial agents. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-2008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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37
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Abdel-Magid AF. Inhibitors of DNA Gyrase-GyrB Subunit and/or Topoisomerase IV-ParE Subunit May Treat Infectious Diseases Caused by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. ACS Med Chem Lett 2017. [PMID: 28626515 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.7b00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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38
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Mitton-Fry MJ, Brickner SJ, Hamel JC, Barham R, Brennan L, Casavant JM, Ding X, Finegan S, Hardink J, Hoang T, Huband MD, Maloney M, Marfat A, McCurdy SP, McLeod D, Subramanyam C, Plotkin M, Reilly U, Schafer J, Stone GG, Uccello DP, Wisialowski T, Yoon K, Zaniewski R, Zook C. Novel 3-fluoro-6-methoxyquinoline derivatives as inhibitors of bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3353-3358. [PMID: 28610977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Novel (non-fluoroquinolone) inhibitors of bacterial type II topoisomerases (NBTIs) are an emerging class of antibacterial agents. We report an optimized series of cyclobutylaryl-substituted NBTIs. Compound 14 demonstrated excellent activity both in vitro (S. aureus MIC90=0.125μg/mL) and in vivo (systemic and tissue infections). Enhanced inhibition of Topoisomerase IV correlated with improved activity in S. aureus strains with mutations conferring resistance to NBTIs. Compound 14 also displayed an improved hERG IC50 of 85.9μM and a favorable profile in the anesthetized guinea pig model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Judith C Hamel
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Rose Barham
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Lori Brennan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | | | - Xiaoyuan Ding
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Steven Finegan
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Joel Hardink
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Thuy Hoang
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Michael D Huband
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Meghan Maloney
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Anthony Marfat
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Sandra P McCurdy
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Dale McLeod
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | | | - Michael Plotkin
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Usa Reilly
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - John Schafer
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Gregory G Stone
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Daniel P Uccello
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Todd Wisialowski
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | - Kwansik Yoon
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
| | | | - Christopher Zook
- Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, Groton, CT 06340, USA
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Ranjan N, Story S, Fulcrand G, Leng F, Ahmad M, King A, Sur S, Wang W, Tse-Dinh YC, Arya DP. Selective Inhibition of Escherichia coli RNA and DNA Topoisomerase I by Hoechst 33258 Derived Mono- and Bisbenzimidazoles. J Med Chem 2017; 60:4904-4922. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nihar Ranjan
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Sandra Story
- NUBAD LLC, 900B West Faris
Road, Greenville, South Carolina 29605, United States
| | - Geraldine Fulcrand
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
- Biomolecular
Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Fenfei Leng
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
- Biomolecular
Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Muzammil Ahmad
- Genome
Instability and Chromatin Remodeling Section, Lab of Genetics, National
Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Ada King
- NUBAD LLC, 900B West Faris
Road, Greenville, South Carolina 29605, United States
| | - Souvik Sur
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Weidong Wang
- Genome
Instability and Chromatin Remodeling Section, Lab of Genetics, National
Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Yuk-Ching Tse-Dinh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
- Biomolecular
Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Dev P. Arya
- Laboratory
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- NUBAD LLC, 900B West Faris
Road, Greenville, South Carolina 29605, United States
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40
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Klahn P, Brönstrup M. Bifunctional antimicrobial conjugates and hybrid antimicrobials. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 34:832-885. [PMID: 28530279 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00006e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2016Novel antimicrobial drugs are continuously needed to counteract bacterial resistance development. An innovative molecular design strategy for novel antibiotic drugs is based on the hybridization of an antibiotic with a second functional entity. Such conjugates can be grouped into two major categories. In the first category (antimicrobial hybrids), both functional elements of the hybrid exert antimicrobial activity. Due to the dual targeting, resistance development can be significantly impaired, the pharmacokinetic properties can be superior compared to combination therapies with the single antibiotics, and the antibacterial potency is often enhanced in a synergistic manner. In the second category (antimicrobial conjugates), one functional moiety controls the accumulation of the other part of the conjugate, e.g. by mediating an active transport into the bacterial cell or blocking the efflux. This approach is mostly applied to translocate compounds across the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria through membrane-embedded transporters (e.g. siderophore transporters) that provide nutrition and signalling compounds to the cell. Such 'Trojan Horse' approaches can expand the antibacterial activity of compounds against Gram-negative pathogens, or offer new options for natural products that could not be developed as standalone antibiotics, e.g. due to their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Klahn
- Department for Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. and Institute for Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - M Brönstrup
- Department for Chemical Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
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41
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Aswathy V, Mary YS, Jojo P, Panicker CY, Bielenica A, Armaković S, Armaković SJ, Brzózka P, Krukowski S, Van Alsenoy C. Investigation of spectroscopic, reactive, transport and docking properties of 1-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]thiourea (ANF-6): Combined experimental and computational study. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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42
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Nwuche CO, Ujam OT, Ibezim A, Ujam IB. Experimental and In-Silico Investigation of Anti-Microbial Activity of 1-Chloro-2-Isocyanatoethane Derivatives of Thiomorpholine, Piperazine and Morpholine. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170150. [PMID: 28107379 PMCID: PMC5249067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Antibiogram properties of 1-chloro-2-isocyanatoethane derivatives of thiomorpholine (CTC), piperazine (CPC) and morpholine (CMC) were evaluated by the approved agar well diffusion, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and in silico techniques. A total of fourteen microbial cultures consisting of ten bacteria and four yeast strains were used in the biological study while affinity of the compounds for DNA gyrase, a validated antibacterial drug target, was investigated by docking method. Results indicate that both thiomorpholine and piperazine had zero activity against the Gram negative organisms tested. With morpholine, similar result was obtained except that cultures of Escherichia coli (ATCC 15442) and Salmonella typhi (ATCC 6539) presented with weak sensitivity (7-8 mm) as shown by the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) measurement. The Gram positive organisms were more sensitive to morpholine than the other compounds. The highest IZD values of 15-18 mm were achieved except for Streptococcus pneumoniae (ATCC 49619) in which mobility of the compound stopped after 12 mm. S. pneumoniae was resistant to both thiomorpholine and piperazine. The yeast strains were not sensitive to any of the studied compounds investigated. The MIC tests evaluated against a reference antibiotic show that while morpholine was most active at 4 μg.ml-1 against both B. cereus ATCC (14579) and B. subtilis, the least active compound was thiomorpholine which inhibited S. aureus (ATCC 25923) at 64 μg.ml-1. The three compounds demonstrated high affinity for the target protein (DNA gyrase) ranging from -4.63 to -5.64 Kcal/mol and even showed better ligand efficiencies than three known antibiotics; chlorobiocin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. This study identified the studied compounds as potential antibiotic leads with acceptable physicochemical properties and gave the molecular basis for the observed interactions between the compounds and the target protein which can be harnessed in structural optimization process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles O. Nwuche
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Japan International Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Oguejiofo T. Ujam
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Akachukwu Ibezim
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma B. Ujam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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43
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Stefańska J, Stępień K, Bielenica A, Wrzosek M, Struga M. Antistaphylococcal Activity of Selected Thiourea Derivatives. Pol J Microbiol 2016; 65:451-460. [DOI: 10.5604/17331331.1227671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Five of thiourea derivatives were prepared using as a starting compound 3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline, 4-chloro-3-nitroaniline, 1,3-thiazol-2-amine, 2H-1,2,3-triazol-4-amine and commercial isothiocyanates. All compounds were evaluated in vitro for antimicrobial activity. Derivatives 2 and 3 showed the highest inhibition against Gram-positive cocci (standard and hospital strains). The observed MIC values were in the range of 0.5–8 μg/ml. The products effectively inhibited the formation of biofilms of methicillin-resistant and standard strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Inhibitory activity of thioureas 2 and 3 against Staphylococcus aureus topoisomerase IV was studied. The examined compounds were nongenotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Stefańska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Stępień
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Bielenica
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wrzosek
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Struga
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
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44
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Almeida SMVD, Lafayette EA, Silva WL, Lima Serafim VD, Menezes TM, Neves JL, Ruiz ALTG, Carvalho JED, Moura ROD, Beltrão EIC, Carvalho Júnior LBD, Lima MDCAD. New spiro-acridines: DNA interaction, antiproliferative activity and inhibition of human DNA topoisomerases. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 92:467-475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.07.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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45
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Multicenter Investigation of Gepotidacin (GSK2140944) Agar Dilution Quality Control Determinations for Neisseria gonorrhoeae ATCC 49226. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:4404-6. [PMID: 27161642 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00527-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gepotidacin, a novel triazaacenaphthylene antibacterial agent, is the first in a new class of type IIA topoisomerase inhibitors with activity against many biothreat and conventional pathogens, including Neisseria gonorrhoeae To assist ongoing clinical studies of gepotidacin to treat gonorrhea, a multilaboratory quality assurance investigation determined the reference organism (N. gonorrhoeae ATCC 49226) quality control MIC range to be 0.25 to 1 μg/ml (88.8% of gepotidacin MIC results at the 0.5 μg/ml mode).
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46
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Abstract
DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are type IIA bacterial topoisomerases that are targeted by highly effective antibiotics. However, resistance via multiple mechanisms arises to limit the efficacies of these drugs. Continued research on type IIA bacterial topoisomerases has provided novel approaches to counter the most common resistance mechanism for utilization of these proven targets in antibacterial therapy. Bacterial topoisomerase I is being explored as an alternative target that is not expected to show cross-resistance. Dual targeting or combination therapy could be strategies for circumventing the development of resistance to topoisomerase-targeting antibiotics. Bacterial topoisomerases are high-value bactericidal targets that could continue to be exploited for antibacterial therapy, if new tactics to counter resistance can be adopted.
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47
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In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Target Investigation of Two Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitors, ACT-387042 and ACT-292706, in the Neutropenic Murine Thigh Model against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:3626-32. [PMID: 27044547 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00363-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ACT-387042 and ACT-292706 are two novel bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and penicillin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae We used the neutropenic murine thigh infection model to characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK)/pharmacodynamics (PD) of these investigational compounds against a group of 10 S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates with phenotypic resistance to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones. The in vitro activities of the two compounds were very similar (MIC range, 0.03 to 0.125 mg/liter). Plasma pharmacokinetics were determined for each compound by using four escalating doses administered by the subcutaneous route. In treatment studies, mice had 10(7.4) to 10(8) CFU/thigh at the start of therapy with ACT-387042 and 10(6.7) to 10(8.3) CFU/thigh at the start of therapy with ACT-292706. A dose-response relationship was observed with all isolates over the dose range. Maximal kill approached 3 to 4 log10 CFU/thigh compared to the burden at the start of therapy for the highest doses examined. There was a strong relationship between the PK/PD index AUC/MIC ratio (area under the concentration-time curve over 24 h in the steady state divided by the MIC) and therapeutic efficacy in the model (R(2), 0.63 to 0.82). The 24-h free-drug AUC/MIC ratios associated with net stasis for ACT-387042 against S. aureus and S. pneumoniae were 43 and 10, respectively. The 24-h free-drug AUC/MIC ratios associated with net stasis for ACT-292706 against S. aureus and S. pneumoniae were 69 and 25, respectively. The stasis PD targets were significantly lower for S. pneumoniae (P < 0.05) for both compounds. The 1-log-kill AUC/MIC ratio targets were ∼2- to 4-fold higher than stasis targets. Methicillin, penicillin, or ciprofloxacin resistance did not alter the magnitude of the AUC/MIC ratio required for efficacy. These results should be helpful in the design of clinical trials for topoisomerase inhibitors.
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48
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Wagner S, Sommer R, Hinsberger S, Lu C, Hartmann RW, Empting M, Titz A. Novel Strategies for the Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. J Med Chem 2016; 59:5929-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Wagner
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Roman Sommer
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Hinsberger
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Cenbin Lu
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf W. Hartmann
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Martin Empting
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
- Drug
Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Alexander Titz
- Chemical
Biology of Carbohydrates, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), D-66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung (DZIF), 30625 Standort Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
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49
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Bielenica A, Stępień K, Napiórkowska A, Augustynowicz-Kopeć E, Krukowski S, Włodarczyk M, Struga M. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of 4-Chloro-3-Nitrophenylthiourea Derivatives Targeting Bacterial Type II Topoisomerases. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 87:905-17. [PMID: 26804238 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of novel 4-chloro-3-nitrophenylthiourea derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antimicrobial, antibiofilm and tuberculostatic activities. Most of compounds exhibited high antibacterial activity against both standard and hospital strains (MIC values 0.5-2 μg/mL), as compared to Ciprofloxacin. Derivatives with 3,4-dichlorophenyl (11) and 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl (13) substituents were the most promising towards Gram-positive pathogens. Both of them exhibited antibiofilm potency and effectively inhibited the formation of biofilms of methicillin-resistant and standard strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Two N-alkylthioureas (20, 21) showed twofold to fourfold increase in in vitro potency against isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as compared to Isoniazid. An action of 7, 10, 11, 13, 20 and 21 against activity of topoisomerases isolated from Staphylococcus aureus was studied. Synthesized compounds were found as non-genotoxic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Bielenica
- Chair and Department of Biochemistry, Medical University, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Karolina Stępień
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Medical University, 02-007, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Napiórkowska
- Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, 01-138, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Ewa Augustynowicz-Kopeć
- Department of Microbiology, National Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Institute, 01-138, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Sylwester Krukowski
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marta Włodarczyk
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Marta Struga
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, 02-097, Warszawa, Poland
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In Vitro Activity of Gepotidacin, a Novel Triazaacenaphthylene Bacterial Topoisomerase Inhibitor, against a Broad Spectrum of Bacterial Pathogens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:1918-23. [PMID: 26729499 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02820-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gepotidacin inhibits bacterial DNA replication through a mode different from that of fluoroquinolones. Gepotidacin and comparators were tested by broth and agar dilution against clinical isolates. The in vitro activities of gepotidacin were comparable against methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA, respectively) isolates (MIC90, 0.5 μg/ml). The gepotidacin MIC90s were as follows (in micrograms per milliliter) for the indicated bacteria: Streptococcus pyogenes, 0.25; Escherichia coli, 2; Moraxella catarrhalis, ≤ 0.06; Streptococcus pneumoniae (0.25), Haemophilus influenzae, 1; Clostridium perfringens, 0.5; and Shigella spp., 1, including levofloxacin-resistant subsets. Gepotidacin warrants further investigation for clinical development.
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