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Cook TW, Wilstermann AM, Mitchell JT, Arnold NE, Rajasekaran S, Bupp CP, Prokop JW. Understanding Insulin in the Age of Precision Medicine and Big Data: Under-Explored Nature of Genomics. Biomolecules 2023; 13:257. [PMID: 36830626 PMCID: PMC9953665 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin is amongst the human genome's most well-studied genes/proteins due to its connection to metabolic health. Within this article, we review literature and data to build a knowledge base of Insulin (INS) genetics that influence transcription, transcript processing, translation, hormone maturation, secretion, receptor binding, and metabolism while highlighting the future needs of insulin research. The INS gene region has 2076 unique variants from population genetics. Several variants are found near the transcriptional start site, enhancers, and following the INS transcripts that might influence the readthrough fusion transcript INS-IGF2. This INS-IGF2 transcript splice site was confirmed within hundreds of pancreatic RNAseq samples, lacks drift based on human genome sequencing, and has possible elevated expression due to viral regulation within the liver. Moreover, a rare, poorly characterized African population-enriched variant of INS-IGF2 results in a loss of the stop codon. INS transcript UTR variants rs689 and rs3842753, associated with type 1 diabetes, are found in many pancreatic RNAseq datasets with an elevation of the 3'UTR alternatively spliced INS transcript. Finally, by combining literature, evolutionary profiling, and structural biology, we map rare missense variants that influence preproinsulin translation, proinsulin processing, dimer/hexamer secretory storage, receptor activation, and C-peptide detection for quasi-insulin blood measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor W. Cook
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | | | - Jackson T. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Nicholas E. Arnold
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Surender Rajasekaran
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Office of Research, Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Caleb P. Bupp
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics, Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Jeremy W. Prokop
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Office of Research, Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
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2
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Convergent Molecular Pathways in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Parkinson’s Disease: Insights into Mechanisms and Pathological Consequences. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:4466-4487. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02867-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Brown MR, Laouteouet D, Delobel M, Villard O, Broca C, Bertrand G, Wojtusciszyn A, Dalle S, Ravier MA, Matveyenko AV, Costes S. The nuclear receptor REV-ERBα is implicated in the alteration of β-cell autophagy and survival under diabetogenic conditions. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:353. [PMID: 35428762 PMCID: PMC9012816 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with impaired regulation of autophagy which controls β-cell development, function, and survival through clearance of misfolded proteins and damaged organelles. However, the mechanisms responsible for defective autophagy in T2DM β-cells remain unknown. Since recent studies identified circadian clock transcriptional repressor REV-ERBα as a novel regulator of autophagy in cancer, in this study we set out to test whether REV-ERBα-mediated inhibition of autophagy contributes to the β-cell failure in T2DM. Our study provides evidence that common diabetogenic stressors (e.g., glucotoxicity and cytokine-mediated inflammation) augment β-cell REV-ERBα expression and impair β-cell autophagy and survival. Notably, pharmacological activation of REV-ERBα was shown to phenocopy effects of diabetogenic stressors on the β-cell through inhibition of autophagic flux, survival, and insulin secretion. In contrast, negative modulation of REV-ERBα was shown to provide partial protection from inflammation and glucotoxicity-induced β-cell failure. Finally, using bioinformatic approaches, we provide further supporting evidence for augmented REV-ERBα activity in T2DM human islets associated with impaired transcriptional regulation of autophagy and protein degradation pathways. In conclusion, our study reveals a previously unexplored causative relationship between REV-ERBα expression, inhibition of autophagy, and β-cell failure in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Brown
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Damien Laouteouet
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Delobel
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Orianne Villard
- grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XLaboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes (LTCD), PRIMS facility, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Broca
- grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XLaboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes (LTCD), PRIMS facility, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Gyslaine Bertrand
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Wojtusciszyn
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XLaboratory of Cell Therapy for Diabetes (LTCD), PRIMS facility, Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), University hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XDepartment of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphane Dalle
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Magalie A. Ravier
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Aleksey V. Matveyenko
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDepartment of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA ,grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDivision of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Safia Costes
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France
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4
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhao J, Wang C, Deng B, Zhang Q, Shi C. Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Polyethylene Glycol Loxenatide Against Hyperglycemia and Liver Injury in db/db diabetic Mice. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:781856. [PMID: 34938192 PMCID: PMC8685428 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.781856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disorder with insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion that can cause complications, including liver injury. Polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe), a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, is widely used to treat T2DM. However, its specific glucose-lowering and hepatoprotective mechanisms of action have not been established yet. METHODS: Using a high glucose-induced hepatocyte injury model and a type 2 diabetic db/db mouse model, we assessed PEG-Loxe’s impact on reducing blood glucose and improving liver injury in T2DM and revealed its mechanism. RESULTS: PEG-Loxe treatment significantly reduced body weight and fasting glucose, increased glucose tolerance, improved serum and liver biochemical parameters (glycated hemoglobin, serum insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase), and attenuated hepatic steatosis and liver and pancreatic tissue damages in db/db mice. Additionally, PEG-Loxe considerably inhibited oxidative stress, decreased pro-inflammatory factor (TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1) levels, and increased anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 levels. PEG-Loxe possibly inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response by upregulating Sirt1, p-AMPK, and p-ACC expressions in the Sirt1/AMPK/ACC pathway of lipid metabolism, thereby improving T2DM liver injury. PEG-Loxe most likely also promotes GLP-1R expression by inhibiting β-cell apoptosis, which in turn activates the insulin PI3K/AKT pathway to promote insulin synthesis and secretion, thereby exerting hypoglycemic effects. In vitro cellular experiments further confirmed that PEG-Loxe possibly exerts hypoglycemic effects by activating the insulin PI3K/AKT pathway. Conclusion: PEG-Loxe improved liver injury in T2DM probably by activating Sirt1/AMPK/ACC lipid metabolism pathway, and exerted hypoglycemic effects through activation of insulin PI3K/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Yufeng Li
- Preclinical Development Department, Shanghai Hansoh Biomedical Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Junjun Zhao
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Jiangsu Hansoh Pharmaceutical Group Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Qilin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Province Clinical Research Center for Precision Medicine for Critical Illness, Wuhan, China
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5
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Raveh B, Sun L, White KL, Sanyal T, Tempkin J, Zheng D, Bharath K, Singla J, Wang C, Zhao J, Li A, Graham NA, Kesselman C, Stevens RC, Sali A. Bayesian metamodeling of complex biological systems across varying representations. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2104559118. [PMID: 34453000 PMCID: PMC8536362 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2104559118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive modeling of a whole cell requires an integration of vast amounts of information on various aspects of the cell and its parts. To divide and conquer this task, we introduce Bayesian metamodeling, a general approach to modeling complex systems by integrating a collection of heterogeneous input models. Each input model can in principle be based on any type of data and can describe a different aspect of the modeled system using any mathematical representation, scale, and level of granularity. These input models are 1) converted to a standardized statistical representation relying on probabilistic graphical models, 2) coupled by modeling their mutual relations with the physical world, and 3) finally harmonized with respect to each other. To illustrate Bayesian metamodeling, we provide a proof-of-principle metamodel of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion by human pancreatic β-cells. The input models include a coarse-grained spatiotemporal simulation of insulin vesicle trafficking, docking, and exocytosis; a molecular network model of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion signaling; a network model of insulin metabolism; a structural model of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor activation; a linear model of a pancreatic cell population; and ordinary differential equations for systemic postprandial insulin response. Metamodeling benefits from decentralized computing, while often producing a more accurate, precise, and complete model that contextualizes input models as well as resolves conflicting information. We anticipate Bayesian metamodeling will facilitate collaborative science by providing a framework for sharing expertise, resources, data, and models, as exemplified by the Pancreatic β-Cell Consortium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barak Raveh
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190416, Israel
| | - Liping Sun
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Kate L White
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Tanmoy Sanyal
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Jeremy Tempkin
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Dongqing Zheng
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Kala Bharath
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
| | - Jitin Singla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Information Science Institute, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Chenxi Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jihui Zhao
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Angdi Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Nicholas A Graham
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Carl Kesselman
- Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- Information Science Institute, The Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
| | - Raymond C Stevens
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bridge Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Andrej Sali
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158;
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158
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6
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Saadati M, Jamali Y. The effects of beta-cell mass and function, intercellular coupling, and islet synchrony on [Formula: see text] dynamics. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10268. [PMID: 33986325 PMCID: PMC8119479 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89333-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a challenging metabolic disorder characterized by a substantial loss of [Formula: see text]-cell mass and alteration of [Formula: see text]-cell function in the islets of Langerhans, disrupting insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. The mechanisms for deficiency in [Formula: see text]-cell mass and function during the hyperglycemia development and T2D pathogenesis are complex. To study the relative contribution of [Formula: see text]-cell mass to [Formula: see text]-cell function in T2D, we make use of a comprehensive electrophysiological model of human [Formula: see text]-cell clusters. We find that defect in [Formula: see text]-cell mass causes a functional decline in single [Formula: see text]-cell, impairment in intra-islet synchrony, and changes in the form of oscillatory patterns of membrane potential and intracellular [Formula: see text] concentration, which can lead to changes in insulin secretion dynamics and in insulin levels. The model demonstrates a good correspondence between suppression of synchronizing electrical activity and published experimental measurements. We then compare the role of gap junction-mediated electrical coupling with both [Formula: see text]-cell synchronization and metabolic coupling in the behavior of [Formula: see text] concentration dynamics within human islets. Our results indicate that inter-[Formula: see text]-cellular electrical coupling depicts a more important factor in shaping the physiological regulation of islet function and in human T2D. We further predict that varying the whole-cell conductance of delayed rectifier [Formula: see text] channels modifies oscillatory activity patterns of [Formula: see text]-cell population lacking intercellular coupling, which significantly affect [Formula: see text] concentration and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saadati
- Biomathematics Laboratory, Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Jamali
- Biomathematics Laboratory, Department of Applied Mathematics, School of Mathematical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Cao Y, He Z, Gao Y, Xin Y, Luo L, Meng F. Boosting the Photodynamic Degradation of Islet Amyloid Polypeptide Aggregates Via a "Bait-Hook-Devastate" Strategy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:14911-14919. [PMID: 33764749 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizers that can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon irradiation have emerged as promising agents for photodynamic degradation of toxic amyloid aggregates that are linked to many amyloidogenic diseases. However, due to the ultrastable β-sheet structure in amyloid aggregates and inefficient utilization of the generated ROS, it usually requires high stoichiometric concentration of the photosensitizer and/or intensive light irradiation to fully dissociate aggregates. In this work, we have developed a "bait-hook-devastate" strategy to boost the efficiency of the photodynamic degradation of amyloid aggregates. This strategy employs anionic polyacrylic acid as a bait to accumulate cationic human islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) aggregates and positively charged photosensitizer TPCI in a confined area through electronic interactions. Multiple characterization studies proved that the utilization rate of ROS generated by TPCI was remarkably improved via this strategy, which amplified the ability of TPCI to dissociate IAPP aggregates. Rapid and complete degradation of IAPP aggregates could be achieved by irradiating the system under very mild conditions for less than 30 min, and the IAPP-mediated cytotoxicity was also largely alleviated, providing a new paradigm to accelerate photodynamic degradation of amyloid aggregates for further practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Cao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhenyan He
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuting Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yanru Xin
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Liang Luo
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fanling Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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8
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FoxA2 and RNA Pol II mediate human islet amyloid polypeptide turnover in ER-stressed pancreatic β-cells. Biochem J 2021; 478:1261-1282. [PMID: 33650632 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Here, we investigated transcriptional and trafficking mechanisms of human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) in normal and stressed β-cells. In high glucose-challenged human islets and rat insulinoma cells overexpressing hIAPP, cell fractionation studies revealed increased accumulation of hIAPP. Unexpectedly, a significant fraction (up to 22%) of hIAPP was found in the nuclear soluble and chromatin-enriched fractions of cultured human islet and rat insulinoma cells. The nucleolar accumulation of monomeric forms of hIAPP did not have any adverse effect on the proliferation of β-cells nor did it affect nucleolar organization or function. However, intact nucleolar organization and function were essential for hIAPP expression under normal and ER-stress conditions as RNA polymerase II inhibitor, α-amanitin, reduced hIAPP protein expression evoked by high glucose and thapsigargin. Promoter activity studies revealed the essential role of transcription factor FoxA2 in hIAPP promoter activation in ER-stressed β-cells. Transcriptome and secretory studies demonstrate that the biosynthetic and secretory capacity of islet β-cells was preserved during ER stress. Thus, the main reason for increased intracellular hIAPP accumulation is its enhanced biosynthesis under these adverse conditions.
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9
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Gora IM, Ciechanowska A, Ladyzynski P. NLRP3 Inflammasome at the Interface of Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, and Type 2 Diabetes. Cells 2021; 10:314. [PMID: 33546399 PMCID: PMC7913585 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accounting for 90-95% cases of diabetes, is characterized by chronic inflammation. The mechanisms that control inflammation activation in T2DM are largely unexplored. Inflammasomes represent significant sensors mediating innate immune responses. The aim of this work is to present a review of links between the NLRP3 inflammasome, endothelial dysfunction, and T2DM. The NLRP3 inflammasome activates caspase-1, which leads to the maturation of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 1β and interleukin 18. In this review, we characterize the structure and functions of NLRP3 inflammasome as well as the most important mechanisms and molecules engaged in its activation. We present evidence of the importance of the endothelial dysfunction as the first key step to activating the inflammasome, which suggests that suppressing the NLRP3 inflammasome could be a new approach in depletion hyperglycemic toxicity and in averting the onset of vascular complications in T2DM. We also demonstrate reports showing that the expression of a few microRNAs that are also known to be involved in either NLRP3 inflammasome activation or endothelial dysfunction is deregulated in T2DM. Collectively, this evidence suggests that T2DM is an inflammatory disease stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, studies revealing the role of glucose concentration in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome are analyzed. The more that is known about inflammasomes, the higher the chances to create new, effective therapies for patients suffering from inflammatory diseases. This may offer potential novel therapeutic perspectives in T2DM prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona M. Gora
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland; (A.C.); (P.L.)
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10
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Herlea-Pana O, Eeda V, Undi RB, Lim HY, Wang W. Pharmacological Inhibition of Inositol-Requiring Enzyme 1α RNase Activity Protects Pancreatic Beta Cell and Improves Diabetic Condition in Insulin Mutation-Induced Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:749879. [PMID: 34675883 PMCID: PMC8524045 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.749879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
β-cell ER stress plays an important role in β-cell dysfunction and death during the pathogenesis of diabetes. Proinsulin misfolding is regarded as one of the primary initiating factors of ER stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation in β-cells. Here, we found that the ER stress sensor inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) was activated in the Akita mice, a mouse model of mutant insulin gene-induced diabetes of youth (MIDY), a monogenic diabetes. Normalization of IRE1α RNase hyperactivity by pharmacological inhibitors significantly ameliorated the hyperglycemic conditions and increased serum insulin levels in Akita mice. These benefits were accompanied by a concomitant protection of functional β-cell mass, as shown by the suppression of β-cell apoptosis, increase in mature insulin production and reduction of proinsulin level. At the molecular level, we observed that the expression of genes associated with β-cell identity and function was significantly up-regulated and ER stress and its associated inflammation and oxidative stress were suppressed in islets from Akita mice treated with IRE1α RNase inhibitors. This study provides the evidence of the in vivo efficacy of IRE1α RNase inhibitors in Akita mice, pointing to the possibility of targeting IRE1α RNase as a therapeutic direction for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Herlea-Pana
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Venkateswararao Eeda
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Ram Babu Undi
- Department of Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Hui-Ying Lim
- Department of Physiology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, The University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Weidong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- *Correspondence: Weidong Wang, , orcid.org/0000-0003-3619-0953
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11
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Lin H, Teng H, Wu W, Li Y, Lv G, Huang X, Yan W, Lin Z. Pharmacokinetic and metabolomic analyses of Mangiferin calcium salt in rat models of type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2020; 21:59. [PMID: 32762728 PMCID: PMC7409647 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-020-00438-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver is one of the most common comorbidities of diabetes. It can cause disturbance of glucose and lipid metabolism in the body, gradually develop into liver fibrosis, and even cause liver cirrhosis. Mangiferin has a variety of pharmacological activities, especially for the improvement of glycolipid metabolism and liver injury. However, its poor oral absorption and low bioavailability limit its further clinical development and application. The modification of mangiferin derivatives is the current research hotspot to solve this problem. Methods The plasma pharmacokinetic of mangiferin calcium salt (MCS) and mangiferin were monitored by HPLC. The urine metabolomics of MCS were conducted by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. Results The pharmacokinetic parameters of MCS have been varied, and the oral absorption effect of MCS was better than mangiferin. Also MCS had a good therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes and NAFLD rats by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism. Sixteen potential biomarkers had been identified based on metabolomics which were related to the corresponding pathways including Pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, tryptophan metabolism, etc. Conclusions The present study validated the favorable pharmacokinetic profiles of MCS and the biochemical mechanisms of MCS in treating type 2 diabetes and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
| | - Houlei Teng
- Changzhou Deze Drug Research Co., Ltd, Changzhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Changzhou Deze Drug Research Co., Ltd, Changzhou, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Guangfu Lv
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaowei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wenhao Yan
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhe Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
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12
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Lozano-Cruz T, Alcarraz-Vizán G, de la Mata FJ, de Pablo S, Ortega P, Duarte Y, Bravo-Moraga F, González-Nilo FD, Novials A, Gómez R. Cationic Carbosilane Dendritic Systems as Promising Anti-Amyloid Agents in Type 2 Diabetes. Chemistry 2020; 26:7609-7621. [PMID: 32259327 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The most common denominator of many of the neurodegenerative diseases is badly folded protein accumulation, which results in the formation of insoluble protein deposits located in different parts of the organism, causing cell death and tissue degeneration. Dendritic systems have turned out to be a promising new therapeutic approach for the treatment of these diseases due to their ability to modulate the folding of these proteins. With this perspective, and focused on type 2 diabetes (T2D), characterized by the presence of deposits containing the amyloidogenic islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), we demonstrate how different topologies of cationic carbosilane dendrimers inhibit the formation of insoluble protein deposits in pancreatic islets isolated from transgenic Tg-hIAPP mice. Also, the results obtained by the modification of dendritic carbosilane wedges with the chemical chaperone 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) at the focal point confirmed their potential as anti-amyloid agents with a concentration efficiency in their therapeutic action five orders of magnitude lower than that observed for free 4-PBA. Computational studies, which determined the main interaction between IAPP and dendrimers at the atomic level, support the experimental work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Lozano-Cruz
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28805, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 028029, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo Road, Km 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Alcarraz-Vizán
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre Diabetes and, Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier de la Mata
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28805, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 028029, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo Road, Km 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara de Pablo
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paula Ortega
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28805, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 028029, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo Road, Km 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yorley Duarte
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Bravo-Moraga
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando D González-Nilo
- Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Andres Bello, 8370146, Santiago, Chile.,Interdisciplinary Center for Neuroscience of Valparaíso, Faculty of Science, University of Valparaíso, 2340000, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Anna Novials
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, Institut d'Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Centre Diabetes and, Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Gómez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Research Institute in Chemistry "Andrés M. Del Río" (IQAR), University of Alcalá, 28805, Madrid, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 028029, Madrid, Spain.,Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), IRYCIS, Colmenar Viejo Road, Km 9, 100, 28034, Madrid, Spain
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13
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Guo R, Yu Y, Zhang Y, Li Y, Chu X, Lu H, Sun C. Overexpression of miR-297b-5p protects against stearic acid-induced pancreatic β-cell apoptosis by targeting LATS2. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E430-E439. [PMID: 31961705 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00302.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to high concentrations of stearic acid (C18:0) can result in β-cell dysfunction, leading to development of type 2 diabetes. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the destructive effects of stearic acid on β-cells remain largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-297b-5p on stearic acid-induced β-cell apoptosis. Differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) was assessed in a β-TC6 cell line exposed to stearic acid, palmitic acid, or a normal culture medium by high-throughput sequencing. The apoptosis rate was measured by flow cytometry after miR-297b-5p mimic/inhibitor transfection, and large-tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) was identified as a target of miR-297b-5p using a luciferase activity assay. In vivo, C57BL/6 mice were fed with normal and high-stearic-acid diet, respectively. Mouse islets were used for similar identification of miR-297b-5p and Lats2 in β-TC6 cell. We selected two differentially expressed miRNAs in stearic acid compared with those in the palmitic acid and control groups. miR-297b-5p expression was significantly lower in β-TC6 cells and mouse islets in stearic acid than in control group. Upregulation of miR-297b-5p alleviated the stearic acid-induced cell apoptosis and reduction in insulin secretion by inhibiting Lats2 expression in vitro. Meanwhile, silencing Lats2 significantly reversed the stearic acid-stimulated β-cell dysfunction in both β-TC6 cells and islets. Our findings indicate a suppressive role for miR-297b-5p in stearic acid-induced β-cell apoptosis, which may reveal a potential target for the treatment of β-cell dysfunction in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunjin Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yinling Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xia Chu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Huimin Lu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene (National Key Discipline), Public Health College, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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14
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Wang Y, Jiang X, Feng F, Liu W, Sun H. Degradation of proteins by PROTACs and other strategies. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:207-238. [PMID: 32082969 PMCID: PMC7016280 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blocking the biological functions of scaffold proteins and aggregated proteins is a challenging goal. PROTAC proteolysis-targeting chimaera (PROTAC) technology may be the solution, considering its ability to selectively degrade target proteins. Recent progress in the PROTAC strategy include identification of the structure of the first ternary eutectic complex, extra-terminal domain-4-PROTAC-Von-Hippel-Lindau (BRD4-PROTAC-VHL), and PROTAC ARV-110 has entered clinical trials for the treatment of prostate cancer in 2019. These discoveries strongly proved the value of the PROTAC strategy. In this perspective, we summarized recent meaningful research of PROTAC, including the types of degradation proteins, preliminary biological data in vitro and in vivo, and new E3 ubiquitin ligases. Importantly, the molecular design, optimization strategy and clinical application of candidate molecules are highlighted in detail. Future perspectives for development of advanced PROTAC in medical fields have also been discussed systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xueyang Jiang
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huaian 223003, China
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Wenyuan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, Ministry of Education, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Haopeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
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15
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Oyelaja-Akinsipo OB, Dare EO, Katare DP. Protective role of diosgenin against hyperglycaemia-mediated cerebral ischemic brain injury in zebrafish model of type II diabetes mellitus. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03296. [PMID: 32051868 PMCID: PMC7002854 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairment in glucose regulation is an indicatory effect capable of mediating multiple dysfunction such as cerebrovascular disorder with ischemia and brain damage inclusive. This study aims at investigating the glucose-lowering and neuroprotective capability of Diosgenin (DG) towards hyperglycemia-induced cerebral injury in a developed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Zebrafish (ZF) model. T2DM was developed in ZF with 20 mg/kg body weight (b.w) multiple-low dose (MLD) Streptozotocin (STZ) for 28 days. Different doses of 20 mg/kg b.w (DG1) and 40 mg/kg b.w (DG2) DG was intraperitoneally administered twice in 7 days for a period of 28 days after T2DM was completely developed. Weight and behavioral changes were monitored and the catalytic activity including the plasma glucose level of diseased and treated ZF was spectrometrically estimated. Histopathological studies were employed to image the brain pathological condition during disease and treatment. SPSS was used as the statistical tool for result analysis and comparison of data obtained. STZ significantly (###p < 0.001) induced hyperglycemia when compared to control as plasma glucose increases from 101.56 ± 4.52 mgdL−1 to 175.87 ± 6.00 mg/dL. Our results have indicated a marked reduction in glucose concentration from a mean average of 175.87 ± 6.00 mgdL−1 to 105.68 ± 4.48 mgdL−1 and 82.06 ± 7.27 mgdL−1 in DG 1 and DG 2 respectively. Catalytic activity significantly decreases (p < 0.05) from 206.42 ± 30.77 unit/mL to 123.85 ± 29.99 unit/mL at a minimum and maximum value of 103.21 and 275.23 in diseased ZF respectively. On DG treatment, catalytic activity significantly (p < 0.01) rise from 101.58 ± 11.29 and 130.73 ± 27.52 to 130.98 ± 17.13 and 255.96 ± 30.34 with DG1 and DG2 treatment respectively. Studies on the behavioral pattern of STZ-induced anxiolytic effect on ZF confirmed changes in the number of transitions and time spent in both Novel tank test (NTT) and Dark/light test (LDT). Histopathological analysis confirmed the cerebral cortex with inflammatory brain cells in the diseased condition and an attenuation of damage posed revealed in diseased state was largely reversed with DG. As compared to the normal control, a significant (#p < 0.05 and ###p < 0.001) changes in weight of fishes were recorded and DG1 and DG2 significantly promotes (***p < 0.001) body weight and improves the irregularities in weight of ZF during disease progression. Our study confirms that the potential of DG towards the management of hyperglycemia and hyperglycemia–mediated cerebral ischemic injury is through its blood glucose-lowering properties, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant effect, and anxiolytic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyesolape B Oyelaja-Akinsipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, College of Science and Information Technology, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, PMB 2118, Nigeria.,Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Alabata, Abeokuta Ogun State, 110282, Nigeria.,Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
| | - Enock O Dare
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Alabata, Abeokuta Ogun State, 110282, Nigeria
| | - Deepshikha P Katare
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201303, India
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16
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Ridgway Z, Eldrid C, Zhyvoloup A, Ben-Younis A, Noh D, Thalassinos K, Raleigh DP. Analysis of Proline Substitutions Reveals the Plasticity and Sequence Sensitivity of Human IAPP Amyloidogenicity and Toxicity. Biochemistry 2020; 59:742-754. [PMID: 31922743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic amyloid formation by the polypeptide IAPP contributes to β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. There is a 1:1 correspondence between the ability of IAPP from different species to form amyloid in vitro and the susceptibility of the organism to develop diabetes. Rat IAPP is non-amyloidogenic and differs from human IAPP at six positions, including three proline replacements: A25P, S28P, and S29P. Incorporation of these proline residues into human IAPP leads to a non-amyloidogenic analogue that is used clinically. The role of the individual proline residues is not understood. We examine the three single and three double proline substitutions in the context of human IAPP. An S28P substitution significantly decreases amyloidogenicity and toxicity, while an S29P substitution has very modest effects despite being an identical replacement just one residue away. The consequences of the A25P substitution are between those of the two Ser to Pro substitutions. Double analogues containing an S28P replacement are less amyloidogenic and less toxic than the IAPPA25P S29P double analogue. Ion mobility mass spectrometry reveals that there is no correlation between the monomer or dimer conformation as reported by collision cross section measurements and the time to form amyloid. The work reveals both the plasticity of IAPP amyloid formation and the exquisite sequence sensitivity of IAPP amyloidogenicity and toxicity. The study highlights the key role of the S28P substitution and provides information that will aid in the rational design of soluble variants of IAPP. The variants studied here offer a system for further exploring features that control IAPP toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Ridgway
- Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794-3400 , United States
| | - Charles Eldrid
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K
| | - Alexander Zhyvoloup
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K
| | - Aisha Ben-Younis
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K
| | - Daeun Noh
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Structural Biology , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794-3400 , United States
| | - Konstantinos Thalassinos
- Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K
| | - Daniel P Raleigh
- Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794-3400 , United States.,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K
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17
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Effects of lithospermic acid on hIAPP aggregation and amyloid-induced cytotoxicity by multiple analytical methods. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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18
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Lin J, Jiao A, Lv W, Zhang C, Shi Y, Yang Z, Sun N, Li X, Zhang J. Pentapeptide Protects INS-1 Cells From hIAPP-Mediated Apoptosis by Enhancing Autophagy Through mTOR Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:896. [PMID: 31447682 PMCID: PMC6697068 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP), the major component of islet amyloid deposition, is one of the amyloidogenic peptides and has been associated with β cell loss and dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Autophagy plays a central role in the clearance of hIAPP aggregates, thereby diminishing the hIAPP-induced cytotoxicity. Conversely, hIAPP has been reported to have interfering effects on the autophagy. The pentapeptide FLPNF developed in our previous study has been shown to have effects on the level of the downstream proteins of mTOR and autophagy–lysosome pathway. In the present study, the peptide FLPNF-mediated increase in autophagy flux and its underlying mechanisms, as well as its protecting effect on INS-1 cells, were investigated. Autophagy flux in INS-1 cells overexpressing hIAPP (hIAPP-INS-1 cells) markedly increased after exposure to peptide FLPNF for 24 h and peaked at a concentration of 200 µM. Peptide FLPNF enhanced the autophagy by inhibiting the mTORC1 activity. Flow cytometry results showed the peptide FLPNF bind to mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and further molecular docking analysis revealed a direct interaction between peptide FLPNF and the FRB domain of mTOR. Meanwhile, both peptide FLPNF and rapamycin significantly decreased the hIAPP-induced apoptosis, whereas 3-MA increased the apoptosis. Furthermore, peptide FLPNF reduced the hIAPP oligomer and improved the hIAPP-INS-1 cells insulin release function at high glucose concentration. Taken together, the peptide FLPNF decreased the hIAPP oligomer via upregulating autophagy by inhibiting mTORC1 activity, thus protecting the INS-1 cells from hIAPP-induced apoptosis and improving the insulin release function of INS-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhen Lin
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ao Jiao
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.,Department of General Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Wu Lv
- Department of General Surgery, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengshuo Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhaoming Yang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaohang Li
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jialin Zhang
- Hepatobiliary Surgery Department and Unit of Organ Transplantation, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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19
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Persaud SJ, Bowe JE. Editorial overview: Endocrine and metabolic diseases Druggable diabetes: identification of therapeutic opportunities. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2018; 43:iii-v. [PMID: 30446351 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanta J Persaud
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK.
| | - James E Bowe
- Department of Diabetes, School of Life Course Sciences King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
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20
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Skórzyńska-Dziduszko KE, Kimber-Trojnar Ż, Patro-Małysza J, Stenzel-Bembenek A, Oleszczuk J, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. Heat Shock Proteins as a Potential Therapeutic Target in the Treatment of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: What We Know so Far. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103205. [PMID: 30336561 PMCID: PMC6213996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex condition that involves a variety of pathological mechanisms, including pancreatic β-cell failure, insulin resistance, and inflammation. There is an increasing body of literature suggesting that these interrelated phenomena may arise from the common mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Both obesity-associated nutrient excess and hyperglycemia disturb ER function in protein folding and transport. This results in the accumulation of polypeptides in the ER lumen and impairs insulin secretion and signaling. Exercise elicits metabolic adaptive responses, which may help to restore normal chaperone expression in insulin-resistant tissues. Pharmacological induction of chaperones, mimicking the metabolic effect of exercise, is a promising therapeutic tool for preventing GDM by maintaining the body's natural stress response. Metformin, a commonly used diabetes medication, has recently been identified as a modulator of ER-stress-associated inflammation. The results of recent studies suggest the potential use of chemical ER chaperones and antioxidant vitamins as therapeutic interventions that can prevent glucose-induced ER stress in GDM placentas. In this review, we discuss whether chaperones may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of GDM, as well as whether they can be a potential therapeutic target in GDM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Patro-Małysza
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Stenzel-Bembenek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of Lublin, W. Chodźki 1 Street, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Jan Oleszczuk
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak
- Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, K. Jaczewskiego 8 Street, 20-954 Lublin, Poland.
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