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Leite-Aguiar R, Bello-Santos VG, Castro NG, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Techniques for evaluating the ATP-gated ion channel P2X7 receptor function in macrophages and microglial cells. J Immunol Methods 2024; 532:113727. [PMID: 38997100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Resident macrophages are tissue-specific innate immune cells acting as sentinels, constantly patrolling their assigned tissue to maintain homeostasis, and quickly responding to pathogenic invaders or molecular danger signals molecules when necessary. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), when released to the extracellular medium, acts as a danger signal through specific purinergic receptors. Interaction of ATP with the purinergic receptor P2X7 activates macrophages and microglial cells in different pathological conditions, triggering inflammation. The highly expressed P2X7 receptor in these cells induces cell membrane permeabilization, inflammasome activation, cell death, and the production of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and nitrogen and oxygen-reactive species. This review explores the techniques to evaluate the functional and molecular aspects of the P2X7 receptor, particularly in macrophages and microglial cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry or immunohistochemistry are essential for assessing gene and protein expression in these cell types. Evaluation of P2X7 receptor function involves the use of ATP and selective agonists and antagonists and diverse techniques, including electrophysiology, intracellular calcium measurements, ethidium bromide uptake, and propidium iodide cell viability assays. These techniques are crucial for studying the role of P2X7 receptors in immune responses, neuroinflammation, and various pathological conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the functional and molecular aspects of the P2X7 receptor in macrophages and microglia is vital for unraveling its involvement in immune modulation and its potential as a therapeutic target. The methodologies presented and discussed herein offer valuable tools for researchers investigating the complexities of P2X7 receptor signaling in innate immune cells in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
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Carvalho-Barbosa N, Zeidler JD, Savio LEB, Coutinho-Silva R. Purinergic signaling in the battlefield of viral infections. Purinergic Signal 2023:10.1007/s11302-023-09981-8. [PMID: 38038801 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling has been associated with immune defenses against pathogens such as bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses, acting as a sentinel system that signals to the cells when a threat is present. This review focuses on the roles of purinergic signaling and its therapeutic potential for viral infections. In this context, the purinergic system may play potent antiviral roles by boosting interferon signaling. In other cases, though, it can contribute to a hyperinflammatory response and disease severity, resulting in poor outcomes, such as during flu and potentially COVID-19. Lastly, a third situation may occur since viruses are obligatory intracellular parasites that hijack the host cell machinery for their infection and replication. Viruses such as HIV-1 use the purinergic system to favor their infection and persistence within the host cell. Therefore, understanding the particular nuances of purinergic signaling in each viral infection may contribute to designing proper therapeutic strategies to treat viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayara Carvalho-Barbosa
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Julianna Dias Zeidler
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Han C, Guan L, Xu L. Protective effect of luteoloside against Toxoplasma gondii-induced liver injury through inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and P2X7R/NLRP3 and enhancing Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Parasitol Res 2023; 122:1333-1342. [PMID: 37046028 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-07833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection can cause liver injury by inducing inflammation and oxidative stress. The Chinese herbal extract luteoloside (Lut) has considerable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its effects on the liver injury during T. gondii infection have not been reported. This study investigated the hepatoprotective effects of Lut by treating T. gondii-infected mice with 0-200 mg/kg doses of Lut and further examined the expression of key proteins in the inflammation and oxidative stress-related pathways in the liver to investigate the potential mechanism of the hepatoprotective effects of Lut. Results showed that Lut remarkably reduced serum ALT and AST levels, considerably decreased inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, as well as oxidative products MDA, and greatly increased antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH. The expression of key proteins TLR4, Myd88, TRAF6, p-NF-κB p65 in the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and P2X7R, NLRP3, caspase 1, IL-1β, IL-18 in the P2X7R/NLRP3 pathway were significantly decreased in the liver. And the expression of key proteins Nrf2, HO-1, NQO-1, and GCLC in the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant-related pathway was significantly upregulated. In conclusion, Lut attenuated T. gondii-induced liver injury by inhibiting the inflammatory response and enhancing antioxidant capacity. The hepatoprotective mechanisms of Lut are involved in inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB and P2X7R/NLRP3 inflammatory signaling pathways, as well as enhancing the Nrf2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway. These findings not only provide some reference for further exploring the specific hepatoprotective mechanism of Lut during T. gondii infection, but also provide some theoretical basis for the future clinical application of Lut as a hepatoprotective drug in T. gondii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengquan Han
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Lizeng Guan
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China
| | - Lu Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, Shandong, China.
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Alves VS, Santos SACS, Leite-Aguiar R, Paiva-Pereira E, dos Reis RR, Calazans ML, Fernandes GG, Antônio LS, de Lima EV, Kurtenbach E, Silva JL, Fontes-Dantas FL, Passos GF, Figueiredo CP, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein alters microglial purinergic signaling. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1158460. [PMID: 37114062 PMCID: PMC10126242 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1158460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite long-term sequelae of COVID-19 are emerging as a substantial public health concern, the mechanism underlying these processes still unclear. Evidence demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein can reach different brain regions, irrespective of viral brain replication resulting in activation of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and neuroinflammation. Considering that microglia dysfunction, which is regulated by a whole array of purinergic receptors, may be a central event in COVID-19 neuropathology, we investigated the impact of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein on microglial purinergic signaling. Here, we demonstrate that cultured microglial cells (BV2 line) exposed to Spike protein induce ATP secretion and upregulation of P2Y6, P2Y12, NTPDase2 and NTPDase3 transcripts. Also, immunocytochemistry analysis shows that spike protein increases the expression of P2X7, P2Y1, P2Y6, and P2Y12 in BV2 cells. Additional, hippocampal tissue of Spike infused animals (6,5ug/site, i.c.v.) presents increased mRNA levels of P2X7, P2Y1, P2Y6, P2Y12, NTPDase1, and NTPDase2. Immunohistochemistry experiments confirmed high expression of the P2X7 receptor in microglial cells in CA3/DG hippocampal regions after spike infusion. These findings suggest that SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein modulates microglial purinergic signaling and opens new avenues for investigating the potential of purinergic receptors to mitigate COVID-19 consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Santos Alves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elaine Paiva-Pereira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Rodrigues dos Reis
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana L. Calazans
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Leticia Silva Antônio
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle V. de Lima
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eleonora Kurtenbach
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jerson Lima Silva
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Lima Fontes-Dantas
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Departamento de Farmacologia e Psicobiologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcântara Gomes Institute Biology (IBRAG), Universidade Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio,
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da Silva-Gomes NL, Ruivo LADS, Moreira C, Meuser-Batista M, da Silva CF, Batista DDGJ, Fragoso S, de Oliveira GM, Soeiro MDNC, Moreira OC. Overexpression of TcNTPDase-1 Gene Increases Infectivity in Mice Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314661. [PMID: 36498985 PMCID: PMC9736689 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) are enzymes located on the surface of the T. cruzi plasma membrane, which hydrolyze a wide range of tri-/-diphosphate nucleosides. In this work, we used previously developed genetically modified strains of Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), hemi-knockout (KO +/−) and overexpressing (OE) the TcNTPDase-1 gene to evaluate the parasite infectivity profile in a mouse model of acute infection (n = 6 mice per group). Our results showed significantly higher parasitemia and mortality, and lower weight in animals infected with parasites OE TcNTPDase-1, as compared to the infection with the wild type (WT) parasites. On the other hand, animals infected with (KO +/−) parasites showed no mortality during the 30-day trial and mouse weight was more similar to the non-infected (NI) animals. In addition, they had low parasitemia (45.7 times lower) when compared with parasites overexpressing TcNTPDase-1 from the hemi-knockout (OE KO +/−) group. The hearts of animals infected with the OE KO +/− and OE parasites showed significantly larger regions of cardiac inflammation than those infected with the WT parasites (p < 0.001). Only animals infected with KO +/− did not show individual electrocardiographic changes during the period of experimentation. Together, our results expand the knowledge on the role of NTPDases in T. cruzi infectivity, reenforcing the potential of this enzyme as a chemotherapy target to treat Chagas disease (CD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Lins da Silva-Gomes
- Plataforma de PCR em Tempo Real RPT09A, Laboratório de Virologia Molecular-IOC/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Moreira
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Tripanossomatídeos-ICC/FIOCRUZ, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Meuser-Batista
- Laboratório de Educação Profissional em Técnicas Laboratoriais em Saúde, EPSJV/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | | | - Stênio Fragoso
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Tripanossomatídeos-ICC/FIOCRUZ, Curitiba 81350-010, Brazil
| | | | | | - Otacilio C. Moreira
- Plataforma de PCR em Tempo Real RPT09A, Laboratório de Virologia Molecular-IOC/FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Ferrari D, Rubini M, Burns JS. The Potential of Purinergic Signaling to Thwart Viruses Including SARS-CoV-2. Front Immunol 2022; 13:904419. [PMID: 35784277 PMCID: PMC9248768 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.904419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A long-shared evolutionary history is congruent with the multiple roles played by purinergic signaling in viral infection, replication and host responses that can assist or hinder viral functions. An overview of the involvement of purinergic signaling among a range of viruses is compared and contrasted with what is currently understood for SARS-CoV-2. In particular, we focus on the inflammatory and antiviral responses of infected cells mediated by purinergic receptor activation. Although there is considerable variation in a patient's response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, a principle immediate concern in Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is the possibility of an aberrant inflammatory activation causing diffuse lung oedema and respiratory failure. We discuss the most promising potential interventions modulating purinergic signaling that may attenuate the more serious repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 infection and aspects of their implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Rubini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jorge S. Burns
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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7
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Savio LEB. P2X receptors in the balance between inflammation and pathogen control in sepsis. Purinergic Signal 2022; 18:241-243. [PMID: 35612709 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-022-09870-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Edifício Do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha Do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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Zohny MH, Cavalu S, Youssef ME, Kaddah MM, Mourad AA, Gaafar AGA, El-Ahwany E, Amin NA, Arakeep HM, Shata A, Saleh S, Hafez MM, Elazab ST, Abdelhady R, El Shahat RM, Yahya G, Saber S. Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 dye attenuates bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by regulating the NF-κB and NLRP3 crosstalk: A novel approach for filling an unmet medical need. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 148:112723. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Vultaggio-Poma V, Falzoni S, Salvi G, Giuliani AL, Di Virgilio F. Signalling by extracellular nucleotides in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119237. [PMID: 35150807 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides are released from all cells through regulated pathways or as a result of plasma membrane damage or cell death. Outside the cell, nucleotides act as signalling molecules triggering multiple responses via specific plasma membrane receptors of the P2 family. In the nervous system, purinergic signalling has a key function in neurotransmission. Outside the nervous system, purinergic signalling is one of the major modulators of basal tissue homeostasis, while its dysregulation contributes to the pathogenesis of various disease, including inflammation and cancer. Pre-clinical and clinical evidence shows that selective P2 agonists or antagonists are effective treatments for many pathologies, thus highlighting the relevance of extracellular nucleotides and P2 receptors as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Giada Salvi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy
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10
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Paes-Vieira L, Gomes-Vieira AL, Meyer-Fernandes JR. E-NTPDases: Possible Roles on Host-Parasite Interactions and Therapeutic Opportunities. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:769922. [PMID: 34858878 PMCID: PMC8630654 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.769922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Belonging to the GDA1/CD39 protein superfamily, nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolases (NTPDases) catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP and ADP to the monophosphate form (AMP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Several NTPDase isoforms have been described in different cells, from pathogenic organisms to animals and plants. Biochemical characterization of nucleotidases/NTPDases has revealed the existence of isoforms with different specificities regarding divalent cations (such as calcium and magnesium) and substrates. In mammals, NTPDases have been implicated in the regulation of thrombosis and inflammation. In parasites, such as Trichomonas vaginalis, Trypanosoma spp., Leishmania spp., Schistosoma spp. and Toxoplasma gondii, NTPDases were found on the surface of the cell, and important processes like growth, infectivity, and virulence seem to depend on their activity. For instance, experimental evidence has indicated that parasite NTPDases can regulate the levels of ATP and Adenosine (Ado) of the host cell, leading to the modulation of the host immune response. In this work, we provide a comprehensive review showing the involvement of the nucleotidases/NTPDases in parasites infectivity and virulence, and how inhibition of NTPDases contributes to parasite clearance and the development of new antiparasitic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisvane Paes-Vieira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Gomes-Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Meyer-Fernandes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Biologia Estrutural e Bioimagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Differential involvement of the canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in the immune response against infection by the periodontal bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. CURRENT RESEARCH IN MICROBIAL SCIENCES 2021; 2:100023. [PMID: 34841314 PMCID: PMC8610350 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmicr.2021.100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical P2 × 7-Caspase-1 pathway is necessary for secretion of IL-1β in oral tissues and macrophages infected with P. gingivalis. P2 × 7 receptor controls bacterial load of F. nucleatum and P. gingivalis in macrophages and in mice. Caspase-11 is essential for F. nucleatum-induced secretion of IL-1β in macrophages, limits F. nucleatum infection in macrophages and in mice, and is required for cell death induced by F. nucleatum infection. The canonical inflammasome is activated preferentially in response to P. gingivalis infection, while the noncanonical inflammasome plays a predominant role during F. nucleatum infection.
We examined the involvement of the P2 × 7 receptor and the canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in the control of single-species or dual-species infection by the periodontal bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum in cells and mice. Stimulation of the P2 × 7 receptor leads to activation of the canonical NLRP3 inflammasome and activation of caspase-1, which leads to cleavage of pro-IL-1β to IL-1β, a key cytokine in the host inflammatory response in periodontal disease. The non-canonical inflammasome pathway involves caspase-11. Thus, wildtype (WT), P2 × 7−/−, caspase-11−/− and caspase-1/11−/− mice were co-infected with both bacterial species. In parallel, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from WT mice and the different knockout mice were infected with P. gingivalis and/or F. nucleatum, and treated or not with extracellular ATP, which is recognized by P2 × 7. F. nucleatum infection alone promoted secretion of IL-1β in BMDMs. Conversely, the canonical pathway involving P2 × 7 and caspase-1 was necessary for secretion of IL-1β in BMDMs infected with P. gingivalis and in the mandible of mice coinfected with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. The P2 × 7 pathway can limit bacterial load in single-species and dual-species infection with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum in BMDMs and in mice. The non-canonical pathway involving caspase-11 was required for secretion of IL-1β induced by F. nucleatum infection in BMDMs, without treatment with ATP. Caspase-11 was also required for induction of cell death during infection with F. nucleatum and contributed to limiting bacterial load during F. nucleatum infection in BMDMs and in the gingival tissue of mice coinfected with P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum. Together, these data suggest that the P2 × 7-caspase-1 and caspase-11 pathways are involved in the immune response against infection by P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum, respectively.
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12
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Savio LEB, Leite-Aguiar R, Alves VS, Coutinho-Silva R, Wyse ATS. Purinergic signaling in the modulation of redox biology. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102137. [PMID: 34563872 PMCID: PMC8479832 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purinergic signaling is a cell communication pathway mediated by extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides. Tri- and diphosphonucleotides are released in physiological and pathological circumstances activating purinergic type 2 receptors (P2 receptors): P2X ion channels and P2Y G protein-coupled receptors. The activation of these receptors triggers the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and alters antioxidant defenses, modulating the redox biology of cells. The activation of P2 receptors is controlled by ecto-enzymes named ectonucleotidases, E-NTPDase1/CD39 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73) being the most relevant. The first enzyme hydrolyzes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) into adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and the second catalyzes the hydrolysis of AMP to adenosine. The activity of these enzymes is diminished by oxidative stress. Adenosine actives P1 G-coupled receptors that, in general, promote the maintenance of redox hemostasis by decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increase antioxidant enzymes. Intracellular purine metabolism can also contribute to ROS generation via xanthine oxidase activity, which converts hypoxanthine into xanthine, and finally, uric acid. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of redox biology modulated by purinergic signaling and how this signaling may be affected by disturbances in the redox homeostasis of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Santos Alves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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da Silva W, da Rocha Torres N, de Melo Agripino J, da Silva VHF, de Souza ACA, Ribeiro IC, de Oliveira TA, de Souza LA, Andrade LKR, de Moraes JVB, Diogo MA, de Castro RB, Polêto MD, Afonso LCC, Fietto JLR. ENTPDases from Pathogenic Trypanosomatids and Purinergic Signaling: Shedding Light towards Biotechnological Applications. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:213-226. [PMID: 33019932 DOI: 10.2174/1568026620666201005125146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ENTPDases are enzymes known for hydrolyzing extracellular nucleotides and playing an essential role in controlling the nucleotide signaling via nucleotide/purinergic receptors P2. Moreover, ENTPDases, together with Ecto-5´-nucleotidase activity, affect the adenosine signaling via P1 receptors. These signals control many biological processes, including the immune system. In this context, ATP is considered as a trigger to inflammatory signaling, while adenosine (Ado) induces anti-inflammatory response. The trypanosomatids Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi, pathogenic agents of Leishmaniasis and Chagas Disease, respectively, have their own ENTPDases named "TpENTPDases," which can affect the nucleotide signaling, adhesion and infection, in order to favor the parasite. Besides, TpENTPDases are essential for the parasite nutrition, since the Purine De Novo synthesis pathway is absent in them, which makes these pathogens dependent on the intake of purines and nucleopurines for the Salvage Pathway, in which TpENTPDases also take place. Here, we review information regarding TpNTPDases, including their known biological roles and their effect on the purinergic signaling. We also highlight the roles of these enzymes in parasite infection and their biotechnological applications, while pointing to future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walmir da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Nancy da Rocha Torres
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Joice de Melo Agripino
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Anna Cláudia Alves de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isadora Cunha Ribeiro
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Angelo de Souza
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcel Arruda Diogo
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Barbosa de Castro
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Depolo Polêto
- Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luis Carlos Crocco Afonso
- Nucleo de Pesquisa em Ciencias Biologicas (NUPEB), Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Juliana Lopes Rangel Fietto
- Departamento de Bioquimica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Vicosa, Vicosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Chaves MM, Savio LEB, Coutinho-Silva R. Purinergic signaling: a new front-line determinant of resistance and susceptibility in leishmaniasis. Biomed J 2021; 45:109-117. [PMID: 34175493 PMCID: PMC9133308 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease that causes several clinical manifestations. Parasites of the genus Leishmania cause this disease. Spread across five continents, leishmaniasis is a particular public health problem in developing countries. Leishmania infects phagocytic cells such as macrophages, where it induces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release at the time of infection. ATP activates purinergic receptors in the cell membranes of infected cells and promotes parasite control by inducing leukotriene B4 release and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, uridine triphosphate induces ATP release, exacerbating the immune response. However, ATP may also undergo catalysis by ectonucleotidases present in the parasite membrane, generating adenosine, which activates P1 receptors and induces the production of anti-inflammatory molecules such as prostaglandin E2 and IL-10. These mechanisms culminate in Leishmania's survival. Thus, how Leishmania handles extracellular nucleotides and the activation of purinergic receptors determines the control or the dissemination of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana M Chaves
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular e Bioagentes Patogênicos, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo B Savio
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal Do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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15
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Leite-Aguiar R, Alves VS, Savio LEB, Coutinho-Silva R. Targeting Purinergic Signaling in the Dynamics of Disease Progression in Sepsis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:626484. [PMID: 33519492 PMCID: PMC7840482 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.626484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Santos Alves
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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16
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Mina JGM, Charlton RL, Alpizar-Sosa E, Escrivani DO, Brown C, Alqaisi A, Borsodi MPG, Figueiredo CP, de Lima EV, Dickie EA, Wei W, Coutinho-Silva R, Merritt A, Smith TK, Barrett MP, Rossi-Bergmann B, Denny PW, Steel PG. Antileishmanial Chemotherapy through Clemastine Fumarate Mediated Inhibition of the Leishmania Inositol Phosphorylceramide Synthase. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:47-63. [PMID: 33291887 PMCID: PMC7802075 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Current chemotherapeutics for leishmaniasis have multiple deficiencies, and there is a need for new safe, efficacious, and affordable medicines. This study describes a successful drug repurposing approach that identifies the over-the-counter antihistamine, clemastine fumarate, as a potential antileishmanial drug candidate. The screening for inhibitors of the sphingolipid synthase (inositol phosphorylceramide synthase, IPCS) afforded, following secondary screening against Leishmania major (Lmj) promastigotes, 16 active compounds. Further refinement through the dose response against LmjIPCS and intramacrophage L. major amastigotes identified clemastine fumarate with good activity and selectivity with respect to the host macrophage. On target engagement was supported by diminished sensitivity in a sphingolipid-deficient L. major mutant (ΔLmjLCB2) and altered phospholipid and sphingolipid profiles upon treatment with clemastine fumarate. The drug also induced an enhanced host cell response to infection indicative of polypharmacology. The activity was sustained across a panel of Old and New World Leishmania species, displaying an in vivo activity equivalent to the currently used drug, glucantime, in a mouse model of L. amazonensis infection. Overall, these data validate IPCS as an antileishmanial drug target and indicate that clemastine fumarate is a candidate for repurposing for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G. M. Mina
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L. Charlton
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edubiel Alpizar-Sosa
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology and Glasgow Polyomics, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas O. Escrivani
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Christopher Brown
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Amjed Alqaisi
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
| | - Maria Paula G. Borsodi
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia P. Figueiredo
- School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21944-590 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle V. de Lima
- School of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21944-590 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emily A. Dickie
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology and Glasgow Polyomics, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Wenbin Wei
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andy Merritt
- LifeArc, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage SG1 2FX, United Kingdom
| | - Terry K. Smith
- BSRC, Schools of Biology and Chemistry, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Michael P. Barrett
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology and Glasgow Polyomics, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, United Kingdom
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paul W. Denny
- Department of Biosciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick G. Steel
- Departments of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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17
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Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Purinergic signalling in host innate immune defence against intracellular pathogens. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 187:114405. [PMID: 33406411 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Purinergic signalling is an evolutionarily conserved signalling pathway mediated by extracellular nucleotides and nucleosides. Tri- and diphosphonucleotides released from host cells during intracellular pathogen infections activate plasma membrane purinergic type 2 receptors (P2 receptors) that stimulate microbicidal mechanisms in host innate immune cells. P2X ion channels and P2Y G protein-coupled receptors are involved in activating host innate immune defence mechanisms, phagocytosis, phagolysosomal fusion, production of reactive species, acidification of parasitophorous vacuoles, inflammasome activation, and the release of cytokines, chemokines, and other inflammatory mediators. In this review, as part of a special issue in tribute to Geoffrey Burnstock, we discuss advances in understanding the importance of P2 receptors in the host antimicrobial innate mechanisms against intracellular pathogen infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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18
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Larrouyet-Sarto ML, Tamura AS, Alves VS, Santana PT, Ciarlini-Magalhães R, Rangel TP, Siebert C, Hartwig JR, Dos Santos TM, Wyse ATS, Takiya CM, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. P2X7 receptor deletion attenuates oxidative stress and liver damage in sepsis. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:561-572. [PMID: 33090332 PMCID: PMC7855213 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe disease characterized by an uncontrolled systemic inflammation and consequent organ dysfunction generated in response to an infection. Extracellular ATP acting through the P2X7 receptor induces the maturation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (i.e., IL-1β) and the production of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species that lead to oxidative tissue damage. Here, we investigated the role of the P2X7 receptor in inflammation, oxidative stress, and liver injury in sepsis. Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in wild-type (WT) and P2X7 knockout (P2X7-/-) mice. The oxidative stress in the liver of septic mice was assessed by 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein oxidation reaction (DCF), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and nitrite levels dosage. The status of the endogenous defense system was evaluated through catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. The inflammation was assessed histologically and by determining the expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by RT-qPCR. We observed an increase in the reactive species and lipid peroxidation in the liver of septic WT mice, but not in the liver from P2X7-/- animals. We found an imbalance SOD/CAT ratio, also only WT septic animals. The number of inflammatory cells and the gene expression of IL-1 β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, CXCL1, and CXCL2 were higher in the liver of WT septic mice in comparison to P2X7-/- septic animals. In summary, our results suggest that the P2X7 receptor might be a therapeutic target to limit oxidative stress damage and liver injury during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luciana Larrouyet-Sarto
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Augusto Shuiti Tamura
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Santos Alves
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patrícia T Santana
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Roberta Ciarlini-Magalhães
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Thuany Prado Rangel
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Cassiana Siebert
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Josiane R Hartwig
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Marcon Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Metabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, ICBS, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Christina Maeda Takiya
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho - Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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19
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Alves VS, Leite-Aguiar R, Silva JPD, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Purinergic signaling in infectious diseases of the central nervous system. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:480-490. [PMID: 32717399 PMCID: PMC7378483 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of infectious diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) has been increasing over the last several years. Among the reasons for the expansion of these diseases and the appearance of new neuropathogens are globalization, global warming, and the increased proximity between humans and wild animals due to human activities such as deforestation. Neurotropism affecting normal brain function is shared by organisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites. Neuroinfections caused by these agents activate immune responses, inducing neuroinflammation, excitotoxicity, and neurodegeneration. Purinergic signaling is an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway associated with these neuropathologies. During neuroinfections, host cells release ATP as an extracellular danger signal with pro-inflammatory activities. ATP is metabolized to its derivatives by ectonucleotidases such as CD39 and CD73; ATP and its metabolites modulate neuronal and immune mechanisms through P1 and P2 purinergic receptors that are involved in pathophysiological mechanisms of neuroinfections. In this review we discuss the beneficial or deleterious effects of various components of the purinergic signaling pathway in infectious diseases that affect the CNS, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection, herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, bacterial meningitis, sepsis, cryptococcosis, toxoplasmosis, and malaria. We also provide a description of this signaling pathway in emerging viral infections with neurological implications such as Zika and SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Santos Alves
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joyce Pereira da Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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20
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P2Y 2 Receptor Induces L. amazonensis Infection Control in a Mechanism Dependent on Caspase-1 Activation and IL-1 β Secretion. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:2545682. [PMID: 33061823 PMCID: PMC7547346 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2545682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by an intracellular parasite of the genus Leishmania. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) such as UTP and ATP are released from infected cells and, once in the extracellular medium, activate P2 purinergic receptors. P2Y2 and P2X7 receptors cooperate to control Leishmania amazonensis infection. NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β release resulting from P2X7 activation are important for outcomes of L. amazonensis infection. The cytokine IL-1β is required for the control of intracellular parasites. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of the P2Y2 receptor in the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome elements (caspase-1 and 11) and IL-1β secretion during L. amazonensis infection in peritoneal macrophages as well as in a murine model of cutaneous leishmaniasis. We found that 2-thio-UTP (a selective P2Y2 agonist) reduced parasite load in L. amazonensis-infected murine macrophages and in the footpads and lymph nodes of infected mice. The antiparasitic effects triggered by P2Y2 activation were not observed when cells were pretreated with a caspase-1 inhibitor (Z-YVAD-FMK) or in macrophages from caspase-1/11 knockout mice (CASP-1,11−/−). We also found that UTP treatment induced IL-1β secretion in wild-type (WT) infected macrophages but not in cells from CASP-1,11−/− mice, suggesting that caspase-1 activation by UTP triggers IL-1β secretion in L. amazonensis-infected macrophages. Infected cells pretreated with IL-1R antagonist did not show reduced parasitic load after UTP and ATP treatment. Our in vivo experiments also showed that intralesional UTP treatment reduced both parasite load (in the footpads and popliteal lymph nodes) and lesion size in wild-type (WT) and CASP-11−/− but not in CASP-1,11−/− mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that P2Y2R activation induces CASP-1 activation and IL-1β secretion during L. amazonensis infection. IL-1β/IL-1R signaling is crucial for P2Y2R-mediated protective immune response in an experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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21
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Ferrari D, Vuerich M, Casciano F, Longhi MS, Melloni E, Secchiero P, Zech A, Robson SC, Müller T, Idzko M. Eosinophils and Purinergic Signaling in Health and Disease. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1339. [PMID: 32733449 PMCID: PMC7360723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Eosinophils are major effector cells against parasites, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. However, these cells also take part in local and systemic inflammation, which are central to eczema, atopy, rhinitis, asthma, and autoimmune diseases. A role for eosinophils has been also shown in vascular thrombotic disorders and in cancer. Many, if not all, above-mentioned conditions involve the release of intracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP, etc.) and nucleosides (adenosine) in the extracellular environment. Simultaneously, eosinophils further release ATP, which in autocrine and paracrine manners, stimulates P2 receptors. Purinergic signaling in eosinophils mediates a variety of responses including CD11b induction, ROI production, release of granule contents and enzymes, as well as cytokines. Exposure to extracellular ATP also modulates the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules, thereby favoring eosinophil extravasation and accumulation. In addition, eosinophils express the immunosuppressive adenosine P1 receptors, which regulate degranulation and migration. However, pro-inflammatory responses induced by extracellular ATP predominate. Due to their important role in innate immunity and tissue damage, pharmacological targeting of nucleotide- and nucleoside-mediated signaling in eosinophils could represent a novel approach to alleviate eosinophilic acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. These innovative approaches might also have salutary effects, particularly in host defense against parasites and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ferrari
- Section of Microbiology and Applied Pathology, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marta Vuerich
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Fabio Casciano
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elisabetta Melloni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Andreas Zech
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care & Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tobias Müller
- Division of Pneumology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marco Idzko
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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22
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Arnaud-Sampaio VF, Rabelo ILA, Bento CA, Glaser T, Bezerra J, Coutinho-Silva R, Ulrich H, Lameu C. Using Cytometry for Investigation of Purinergic Signaling in Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Cytometry A 2020; 97:1109-1126. [PMID: 32633884 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages are widely recognized for their importance in guiding pro-tumoral or antitumoral responses. Mediating inflammation or immunosuppression, these cells support many key events in cancer progression: cell growth, chemotaxis, invasiveness, angiogenesis and cell death. The communication between cells in the tumor microenvironment strongly relies on the secretion and recognition of several molecules, including damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Extracellular ATP (eATP) and its degradation products act as signaling molecules and have extensively described roles in immune response and inflammation, as well as in cancer biology. These multiple functions highlight the purinergic system as a promising target to investigate the interplay between macrophages and cancer cells. Here, we reviewed purinergic signaling pathways connecting cancer cells and macrophages, a yet poorly investigated field. Finally, we present a new tool for the characterization of macrophage phenotype within the tumor. Image cytometry emerges as a cutting-edge tool, capable of providing a broad set of information on cell morphology, expression of specific markers, and its cellular or subcellular localization, preserving cell-cell interactions within the tumor section and providing high statistical strength in small-sized experiments. Thus, image cytometry allows deeper investigation of tumor heterogeneity and interactions between these cells. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Izadora L A Rabelo
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carolina A Bento
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Talita Glaser
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jean Bezerra
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudiana Lameu
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Savio LEB, de Andrade Mello P, Santos SACS, de Sousa JC, Oliveira SDS, Minshall RD, Kurtenbach E, Wu Y, Longhi MS, Robson SC, Coutinho-Silva R. P2X7 receptor activation increases expression of caveolin-1 and formation of macrophage lipid rafts, thereby boosting CD39 activity. J Cell Sci 2020; 133:jcs.237560. [PMID: 32005701 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.237560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are tissue-resident immune cells that are crucial for the initiation and maintenance of immune responses. Purinergic signaling modulates macrophage activity and impacts cellular plasticity. The ATP-activated purinergic receptor P2X7 (also known as P2RX7) has pro-inflammatory properties, which contribute to macrophage activation. P2X7 receptor signaling is, in turn, modulated by ectonucleotidases, such as CD39 (also known as ENTPD1), expressed in caveolae and lipid rafts. Here, we examined P2X7 receptor activity and determined impacts on ectonucleotidase localization and function in macrophages primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). First, we verified that ATP boosts CD39 activity and caveolin-1 protein expression in LPS-primed macrophages. Drugs that disrupt cholesterol-enriched domains - such as nystatin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin - decreased CD39 enzymatic activity in all circumstances. We noted that CD39 colocalized with lipid raft markers (flotillin-2 and caveolin-1) in macrophages that had been primed with LPS followed by treatment with ATP. P2X7 receptor inhibition blocked these ATP-mediated increases in caveolin-1 expression and inhibited the colocalization with CD39. Further, we found that STAT3 activation is significantly attenuated caveolin-1-deficient macrophages treated with LPS or LPS+BzATP. Taken together, our data suggest that P2X7 receptor triggers the initiation of lipid raft-dependent mechanisms that upregulates CD39 activity and could contribute to limit macrophage responses restoring homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paola de Andrade Mello
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stephanie Alexia Cristina Silva Santos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Proteins, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Júlia Costa de Sousa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Proteins, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suellen D S Oliveira
- Departments of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Departments of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.,Departments of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Eleonora Kurtenbach
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry of Proteins, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yan Wu
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Maria Serena Longhi
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Simon C Robson
- Departments of Medicine and Anesthesia, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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24
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Pegoraro A, Bortolotti D, Marci R, Caselli E, Falzoni S, De Marchi E, Di Virgilio F, Rizzo R, Adinolfi E. The P2X7 Receptor 489C>T Gain of Function Polymorphism Favors HHV-6A Infection and Associates With Female Idiopathic Infertility. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:96. [PMID: 32153407 PMCID: PMC7046806 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is an ATP-gated ion channel known for its proinflammatory activity. Despite its participation in host defense against pathogens, the role played in viral infections, notably those caused by herpes viruses, has been seldom studied. Here we investigated the effect of P2X7R expression on human herpes virus 6 A (HHV-6A) infection of P2X7R-expressing HEK293 cells. We show that functional P2X7R increases while its blockade decreases viral load. Interestingly, HHV-6A infection was enhanced in HEK293 cells transfected with P2X7R cDNA bearing the gain of function 489C>T SNP (rs208294, replacing a histidine for tyrosine at position 155). The P2X7R 489C>T polymorphism correlated with HHV-6A infection also in a cohort of 50 women affected with idiopathic infertility, a condition previously shown to correlate with HHV-6A infection. None of the infertile women infected by HHV-6A was homozygote for 489CC genotype, while on the contrary HHV-6A infection significantly associated with the presence of the rs208294 allele. Levels of soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G), a factor promoting embryo implant, measured in uterine flushings negatively correlated with the 489TT genotype and HHV-6A infection, while proinflammatory cytokines interleukins 1α (IL-1α), 1β (IL-1β), and 8 (IL-8) positively correlated with both the 489T allele presence and viral infection. Taken together these data point to the P2X7R as a new therapeutic target to prevent HHV-6A infection and the associated infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pegoraro
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Daria Bortolotti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Marci
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Geneve, Geneve, Switzerland
| | | | - Simonetta Falzoni
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena De Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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25
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Marinho Y, Marques-da-Silva C, Santana PT, Chaves MM, Tamura AS, Rangel TP, Gomes-E-Silva IV, Guimarães MZP, Coutinho-Silva R. MSU Crystals induce sterile IL-1β secretion via P2X7 receptor activation and HMGB1 release. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2019; 1864:129461. [PMID: 31676289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2019.129461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUD The mechanism by which monosodium urate (MSU) crystals induce inflammation is not completely understood. Few studies have shown that MSU is capable of stimulating the release of IL-1β in the absence of LPS treatment. The purinergic P2X7 receptor is involved in the release of IL-1β in inflammatory settings caused by crystals, as is the case in silicosis. METHODS We investigated the role of P2X7 receptor in sterile MSU-induced inflammation by evaluating peritonitis and paw edema. In in vitro models, we performed the experiments using peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells. We measured inflammatory parameters using ELISA and immunoblotting. We measured cell recruitment using cell phenotypic identification and hemocytometer counts. RESULTS Our in vivo data showed that animals without P2X7 receptors generated less paw edema, less cell recruitment, and lower levels of IL-1β release in a peritonitis model. In the in vitro model, we observed that MSU induced dye uptake by the P2X7 receptor. In the absence of the receptor, or when it was blocked, MSU crystals induced less IL-1β release and this effect corresponded to the concentration of extracellular ATP. Moreover, MSU treatment induced HMGB1 release; pre-treatment with P2X7 antagonist reduced the amount of HMGB1 in cell supernatants. CONCLUSIONS IL-1β secretion induced by MSU depends on P2X7 receptor activation and involves HMGB1 release. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE We propose that cell activation caused by MSU crystals induces peritoneal macrophages and THP-1 cells to release ATP and HMGB1, causing IL-1β secretion via P2X7 receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ygor Marinho
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Camila Marques-da-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia Teixeira Santana
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mariana Martins Chaves
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Augusto Shuiti Tamura
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Thuany Prado Rangel
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Isabel Virgínia Gomes-E-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | | | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil.
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26
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Hlapčić I, Hulina-Tomašković A, Somborac-Bačura A, Rajković MG, Dugac AV, Popović-Grle S, Rumora L. Extracellular adenosine triphosphate is associated with airflow limitation severity and symptoms burden in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15349. [PMID: 31653924 PMCID: PMC6814706 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP)-driven inflammation was observed in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) but was not investigated in patients' blood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate eATP concentration in plasma of COPD patients and its association with disease severity and smoking. Study included 137 patients with stable COPD and 95 control subjects. eATP concentration was determined in EDTA plasma by luminometric method, and mRNA expression of eATP receptors P2X7R and P2Y2R was analysed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). eATP concentration was increased in COPD patients compared to controls (P < 0.001). Moreover, it was increasing with disease severity (GOLD 2-4) as well as symptoms burden and exacerbations history (GOLD A-D) (P < 0.05). eATP in healthy smokers differed from healthy non-smokers (P < 0.05) but was similar to GOLD 2 and GOLD A patients. eATP showed great diagnostic performances (OR = 12.98, P < 0.001) and correctly classified 79% of study participants. It demonstrated association with FEV1 and multicomponent indices (ADO, BODEx, BODCAT, CODEx, DOSE). Regarding gene expression, P2Y2R was increased in the blood of COPD patients. Plasma eATP could become a diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarker in COPD, as it seems to be associated with patients' condition, quality of life and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Hlapčić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Hulina-Tomašković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Anita Somborac-Bačura
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marija Grdić Rajković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrea Vukić Dugac
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Clinical Department for Lung Diseases Jordanovac, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sanja Popović-Grle
- University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Clinical Department for Lung Diseases Jordanovac, Zagreb, Croatia
- University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lada Rumora
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Haematology, Zagreb, Croatia.
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