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Tétreault É, Fortin-Guichard D, McArthur J, Vigneault A, Grondin S. About the Predictive Value of a 3D Multiple Object Tracking Device for Talent Identification in Elite Ice Hockey Players. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024; 95:370-383. [PMID: 37463224 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2216266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to verify if a single session on the NeuroTracker has predictive value in talent identification in ice hockey. Methods: Thirty-five male ice hockey players (aged 16-20) from the highest Canadian competition level for that age group participated in the study. A battery of tests (attention, working memory, time reproduction, pattern recognition, temporal equivalence, technical ability, and decision-making) was administered to verify the relation between various cognitive abilities, on-ice performance, and the baseline score on the NeuroTracker, which is claimed to solicit multiple cognitive functions. On-ice performance indicators were game-related statistics: games played, points (mean per game), on-ice goals differential, and draft rank. Results: Results show that the baseline score on the NeuroTracker is not associated with draft ranking, nor is it able to predict which players will perform best based on game-related statistics. However, the NeuroTracker baseline score does correlate with various tests involving working memory and attention. Conclusion: Currently, NeuroTracker is not specific enough to allow talent identification among same-level elite athletes in ice hockey.
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Green A, Fleischman D, Mulcahy R, Kean B. Game changer-talent transfer pathways in sport: a systematic review. Front Sports Act Living 2024; 6:1401409. [PMID: 38783867 PMCID: PMC11111864 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1401409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Research question Talent transfer, an accelerated sport pathway to expertise, holds considerable appeal for sports organisations. As an emerging area of academic research across a range of sport disciplines, there is opportunity for to advance knowledge and practice. This review aimed to (a) explore how talent transfer has been defined, to develop a synthesised definition; (b) systematically identify the factors that influence talent transfer; and (c) investigate how theory underpins and enhances understanding of talent transfer. Research methods A systematic review was conducted of 12 peer-reviewed journal articles on talent transfer using the PRISMA approach. Results and findings Aiming for a comprehensive, multidisciplinary perspective, the results: introduce a clear, synthesised conceptualisation of talent transfer as an accelerated sport pathway in which a highly trained athlete in one sport (donor sport), transitions to a new sport (recipient sport) with the potential of achieving high-performance success; systematically map influencing factors; and outline considered theories. Factors influencing talent transfer span individual, task-related, and environmental constraints. The review exposes a scarcity of theoretical foundation in current research, suggesting ecological dynamics as a promising approach to advance research and practice. Implications Practical and theoretical implications arise, emphasising the usefulness of a synthesised definition and a multifactorial approach for designing, implementing, evaluating, and researching talent transfer pathways. This benefits sports administrators, managers, and researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Green
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - David Fleischman
- School of Business and Creative Industries, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Rory Mulcahy
- School of Business and Creative Industries, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Bridie Kean
- School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
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3
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Semenova EA, Hall ECR, Ahmetov II. Genes and Athletic Performance: The 2023 Update. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1235. [PMID: 37372415 PMCID: PMC10298527 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenotypes of athletic performance and exercise capacity are complex traits influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This update on the panel of genetic markers (DNA polymorphisms) associated with athlete status summarises recent advances in sports genomics research, including findings from candidate gene and genome-wide association (GWAS) studies, meta-analyses, and findings involving larger-scale initiatives such as the UK Biobank. As of the end of May 2023, a total of 251 DNA polymorphisms have been associated with athlete status, of which 128 genetic markers were positively associated with athlete status in at least two studies (41 endurance-related, 45 power-related, and 42 strength-related). The most promising genetic markers include the AMPD1 rs17602729 C, CDKN1A rs236448 A, HFE rs1799945 G, MYBPC3 rs1052373 G, NFIA-AS2 rs1572312 C, PPARA rs4253778 G, and PPARGC1A rs8192678 G alleles for endurance; ACTN3 rs1815739 C, AMPD1 rs17602729 C, CDKN1A rs236448 C, CPNE5 rs3213537 G, GALNTL6 rs558129 T, IGF2 rs680 G, IGSF3 rs699785 A, NOS3 rs2070744 T, and TRHR rs7832552 T alleles for power; and ACTN3 rs1815739 C, AR ≥21 CAG repeats, LRPPRC rs10186876 A, MMS22L rs9320823 T, PHACTR1 rs6905419 C, and PPARG rs1801282 G alleles for strength. It should be appreciated, however, that elite performance still cannot be predicted well using only genetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Semenova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Physical Culture and Sport, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport and Tourism, 420138 Kazan, Russia
| | - Elliott C. R. Hall
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4UA, UK
| | - Ildus I. Ahmetov
- Laboratory of Genetics of Aging and Longevity, Kazan State Medical University, 420012 Kazan, Russia
- Sports Genetics Laboratory, St Petersburg Research Institute of Physical Culture, 191040 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physical Education, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 115093 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool L3 5AF, UK
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4
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Dehghansai N, Mazhar A, Baker J. Coach and Athlete Perspectives on Talent Transfer in Paralympic Sport. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2023; 40:280-302. [PMID: 36657465 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2022-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Research pertaining to the experiences and motives of Paralympic athletes who transfer between sports is scant. This study aimed to address this gap through semistructured interviews with Canadian Paralympic coaches (n = 35) and athletes (n = 12). Three higher-order themes of "alternative to retirement," "career extension," and "compatibility" were identified. The subthemes of "psychobehavioral" and "physical and physiological" (from the higher-order theme of alternative to retirement) captured reasons leading to transfer, which are similar to reasons athletes may consider retirement. The subthemes of career extension-"better opportunities" and "beneficial outcomes"-shed light on factors that contributed to the withdrawal of negative experiences and reinforcement of positive outcomes associated with transferring sports. Last, compatibility had three subthemes of "resources," "sport-specific," and "communication," which encapsulated factors athletes should consider prior to their transfer. In conclusion, the participants highlighted the importance of transparent and effective communication between athletes and sports to align and establish realistic expectations for everyone involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Dehghansai
- Innovation and Performance, Paralympics Australia, Adelaide, SA,Australia
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON,Canada
| | - Alia Mazhar
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON,Canada
| | - Joseph Baker
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON,Canada
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5
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Papadakis Z, Panoutsakopoulos V, Kollias IA. Predictive Value of Repeated Jump Testing on Nomination Status in Professional and under 19 Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13077. [PMID: 36293658 PMCID: PMC9602553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soccer clubs invest time and money in multidimensional identification practices, but the field implementation is still problematic. The repeated vertical jump test (RVJ), as an alternative to the monodimensional vertical jump, may offer similar prognostic value. Therefore, the prognostic validity of 15 RVJ within professional (PRO, n = 24) and under 19 years old (U19, n = 20) Greek male soccer players was examined. T-test, binomial logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic for prognostic validity of anthropometric and performance values in predicting PRO status were applied using Jamovi version 2.3.3.0. Significant group differences presented in body height and mass, body mass index (BMI), maximum and average jump height, and relative jump power. The predicting model was significant (x2(2) = 17.12, p < 0.001). Height and BMI were positive predictors of the PRO status (b = 21.66, p = 0.008 and b = 0.94, p = 0.014, respectively). The model was 73% accurate, 75% specific, and 71% sensitive, with excellent area under the curve. The RVJ test demonstrated outstanding discriminating prognostic validity. Until the applicability of the multidimensional models in predicting future player status is further established, field practitioners may use the simplistic RVJ testing to predict future status among male soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacharias Papadakis
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Health Promotion and Clinical Practice, College of Health and Wellness, Barry University, Miami Shores, FL 33161, USA
| | - Vassilios Panoutsakopoulos
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Iraklis A. Kollias
- Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Thessaloniki, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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6
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Jung JY. Physical giftedness/talent: A systematic review of the literature on identification and development. Front Psychol 2022; 13:961624. [PMID: 36092065 PMCID: PMC9460770 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.961624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a systematic review was undertaken of the international scholarly literature on the identification and development of giftedness/talent in the physical domain, to establish the scope of current knowledge in the area. To identify relevant research, a search that involved the creation of a search string and the manual examination of the titles and abstracts of potentially relevant research, was conducted using two databases-Web of Science Core Collection and SportDiscus-and six inclusion/exclusion criteria (i.e., relevance to identification or development of physical giftedness/talent, an empirical study, publication in a reputable academic peer-reviewed journal, publication from 2000 to 2021, an English language publication, and authorship by scholars based in any part of the world). The 101 journal articles that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were analyzed for key details, including the year of publication, methodological approaches, participants, and major findings. The five broad themes that emerged from the findings of these articles related to conceptions of physical giftedness/talent, identification characteristics/criteria, factors associated with identification, identification methods, and talent development interventions. An outline and discussion of the key issues and trends in the research, along with some recommendations for future research, conclude the systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yup Jung
- School of Education, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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7
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Xiang C, Tengku Kamalden TF, Liu H, Ismail N. Exploring the Multidisciplinary Factors Affecting Sports Talent Identification. Front Psychol 2022; 13:948121. [PMID: 35898997 PMCID: PMC9311482 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.948121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Talent is one of the most significant factors to promote the development of sports undertakings. The present study aimed to explore the factors affecting the identification of sports talents in China's physical education curriculum. Based on the literature review, this study puts forward a model to examine the influencing factors of sports talent identification in China's physical education curriculum using structural equation modeling and uses the structural equation modeling and factor analysis method to verify the hypothesis combined with the results of 310 effective questionnaires. The article summarizes influencing factors from four aspects, namely, physical, psychological, coach, and environmental factors. On the basis of relevant literature, the hypothesis model was established by structural equation modeling. The results show that the main factors affecting the identification of sports talents in the physical education curriculum are personal physical quality performance, psychological quality, coach's knowledge, and the identification policies of schools to sports talents. The conclusion of this study can provide guidance for the reform of the physical education curriculum, the growth of sports talents, and the development of sports talents in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changqing Xiang
- Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Office of Scientific Research, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tengku Fadilah Tengku Kamalden
- Department of Sport Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Tengku Fadilah Tengku Kamalden
| | - Hejian Liu
- School of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
- Hejian Liu
| | - Normala Ismail
- Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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8
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Dehghansai N, Pinder RA, Baker J. Talent Identification and Development in Paralympic Contexts: Current Challenges. Front Sports Act Living 2022; 4:926974. [PMID: 35784802 PMCID: PMC9247143 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2022.926974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This short review explores the state of talent identification and development of athletes in Paralympic contexts. While talent identification typically occurs during adolescence, this practice is more complex and variable in Paralympic contexts compared to non-Paralympic contexts. For example, Paralympic athletes can have impairments that are congenital or acquired at any time across their lives. Therefore, they can enter performance pathways at unpredictable times. Furthermore, differences and nuances associated with athlete impairments (type and severity), compounded by other systematic complexities (e.g., systems of classification) highlight the need to consider alternative and creative approaches to talent identification and development. We provide an overview of some of these complexities, highlight areas for future research, and provide recommendations for practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Dehghansai
- Paralympic Innovation, Paralympics Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ross A. Pinder
- Paralympic Innovation, Paralympics Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joe Baker
- Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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9
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Pathways in Paralympic Sport: An In-Depth Analysis of Athletes' Developmental Trajectories and Training Histories. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:37-85. [PMID: 34758457 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This three-part investigation conducted a comprehensive analysis of 213 Australian and Canadian athletes' developmental trajectories, training histories, and experiences in organized sports from 18 Paralympic sports (PS). While athletes with early-onset impairments (i.e., congenital, preadolescent) reached milestones and commenced various types of training at a significantly younger age than athletes with later-onset impairments (i.e., early adulthood, adulthood), the latter groups progressed through their careers and incorporated various trainings at a faster pace (i.e., fewer years). Preferences to certain training conditions varied between groups. Eighty-two percent of the athletes with acquired impairments had experience in able-bodied sports before the onset of their impairment, with 70% noting involvement in sports similar to their current PS. The participation rates (38%) and sport similarity (53%) were lower in PS. The amalgamation of findings from this series of studies highlights the complexity associated with PS athletes' development and demonstrates the importance of taking an individualized approach.
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10
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The Emergence of the Pandemic: High-Performance Coach and Athlete Experiences. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 40:197-218. [PMID: 36413999 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2022-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study explored coach and athlete reactions and challenges leading up to the Tokyo 2020 Paralympic Games, with a specific focus on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Games’ postponement. Nine Australian Paralympic coaches (n = 3) and athletes (n = 6) shared their experiences in semistructured interviews. The thematic analysis highlighted how participants experienced the emergence of the pandemic in different ways, but all were relieved when the late but eventual decision to postpone the Games was made. Regarding lockdown periods (i.e., social-distancing restrictions), some coaches and athletes thrived under the new reality (i.e., training from home, online coaching) while others had more difficulty adjusting. Furthermore, results highlight the many uncertainties still remaining, which continue to influence participants’ sport and personal lives. The experiences of coaches and athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic sheds light on strategies and resources that could support Paralympic coaches and athletes during current and future crises.
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11
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Examining the Influence of Impairment Type on the Development of Paralympic Sport Athletes. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:129-138. [PMID: 34728588 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Research has recently examined the role of impairment onset on athlete development in Paralympic sport; however, less is known on how impairment type can impact athlete sporting pathways. In this study, 187 Australian and Canadian Paralympic sport athletes completed a survey. Participants were divided into the following four groups: impaired muscle power (n = 79); ataxia, athetosis, and hypertonia (n = 44); limb deficiencies (n = 42); and other physical impairments (n = 22). Mechanisms of initiation into Paralympic sport varied between groups with some drawn to sport through friends and/or family (i.e., limb deficiencies and other physical impairments groups) while others through talent search programs (i.e., ataxia, athetosis, and hypertonia group) or health care professionals/rehabilitation centers (i.e., impaired muscle power group). Results revealed no significant differences between groups in the chronological age or absolute years for achieving milestones. However, considering the high variability within the sample, more research is necessary to better understand how athletes with different physical impairments navigate through their sporting careers.
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12
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Para Sport Development Experiences: Perspectives of Para Swimmers and Parents. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2021; 38:643-660. [PMID: 34453016 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined para swimmers' athlete development experiences from the perspectives and reflections of athletes, and parents of athletes, with a focus on the constraints and challenges experienced. Guided by interpretive phenomenological analysis, 12 participants engaged in the interview process (seven parents and five athletes). Five themes were identified: fundamental skill development, personal connection, coaching, classification, and connecting with others "like me." Through a discussion of the differences in development experiences between the participants in this study and the current literature on athlete development, the authors highlight areas of concern in applying a non-para-specific athlete development model to para swimmers. This study identifies several areas of consideration in the future design of a para athlete development framework or model.
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13
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Anderson DI, Lohse KR, Lopes TCV, Williams AM. Individual differences in motor skill learning: Past, present and future. Hum Mov Sci 2021; 78:102818. [PMID: 34049152 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Humans vary considerably in their ability to perform and learn new motor skills. In addition, they respond to different performance and practice conditions in varying ways. Historically, experimental psychologists have characterized these differences as 'experimental noise', yet for those who embrace differential psychology, the study of individual differences promises to deepen insights into the processes that mediate motor control and learning. In this paper, we highlight what we know about predicting motor learning based on individual difference characteristics and renew a call made by Lee Cronbach several decades ago to combine the methodologies used by experimental and differential psychologists to further our understanding of how to promote motor learning. The paper provides a brief historical overview of research on individual differences and motor learning followed by a systematic review of the last 20 years of research on this issue. The paper ends by highlighting some of the methodological challenges associated with conducting research on individual differences, as well as providing suggestions for future research. The study of individual differences has important implications for furthering our understanding of motor learning and when tailoring interventions for diverse learners at different stages of practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- David I Anderson
- Marian Wright Edelman Institute, San Francisco State University, USA.
| | - Keith R Lohse
- Department of Health & Kinesiology, University of Utah, USA
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Dehghansai N, Pinder RA, Baker J. "Looking for a Golden Needle in the Haystack": Perspectives on Talent Identification and Development in Paralympic Sport. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:635977. [PMID: 33898986 PMCID: PMC8060486 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.635977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite rapid increases in research on talent identification and development in able-bodied sports, there remains limited knowledge regarding how talent is identified and developed in Paralympic contexts. The purpose of this study was to capture the perspectives of experts (coaches, high-performance managers, and pathway specialists) working in elite Paralympic sport to better understand how they conceptualize, measure, and develop talent. Eight coaches and three performance directors from six Paralympic sports, along with two pathway specialists from Paralympics Australia participated in semi-structured interviews. The results suggest impairment type and, therefore, classification are key indicators of identification and anticipated success, highlighting the importance of educating talent selectors in these areas. In addition, familial (e.g., overprotectiveness, sporting background) and biopsychosocial factors (e.g., resilience, work-ethic, sport-specific skills, other life commitments) were noted as being influential when selecting athletes. There were concerns regarding the disproportionately low number of female athletes in the system, suggesting a need for new initiatives to support early-entry points for female athletes (e.g., education on the benefits of sport participation, supportive environments). High-performance staff also lacked resources to better understand the nuances associated with different impairments and their implications (physiological response to training, associated psychological stresses from injury, identity change). Recruitment strategies included "talent search" days, collaborations with school programs and rehabilitation centers, and helping local clubs support "drop-in" athletes. However, limited funding impacted the sustainability of programs, resulting in a regular turnover of staff, loss of intellectual property, and a weakened pathway system. Results from this study generated several practical implications and future directions for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Dehghansai
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Paralympic Innovation, Paralympics Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ross A. Pinder
- Paralympic Innovation, Paralympics Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Joe Baker
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Rösch D, Schultz F, Höner O. Decision-Making Skills in Youth Basketball Players: Diagnostic and External Validation of a Video-Based Assessment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052331. [PMID: 33673427 PMCID: PMC7967709 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Decision-making is a central skill of basketball players intending to excel individually and contribute to their teams’ success. The assessment of such skills is particularly challenging in complex team sports. To address this challenge, this study aimed to conceptualize a reliable and valid video-based decision-making assessment in youth basketball. The study sample comprised youth basketball players of the German U16 national team (n = 17; MAge = 16.01 ± 0.25 years) and students of a sports class (n = 17; MAge = 15.73 ± 0.35 years). Diagnostic validity was tested by determination of the performance levels according to response accuracy as well as response time in the assessment. External validity was examined by investigation of the correlation between the diagnostic results of the elite athletes and their real game performance data associated with passing skills. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the diagnostic results discriminate between performance levels (χ2(2) = 20.39, p < 0.001, Nagelkerke’s R2 = 0.60). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between the diagnostic results and assists (F(2,10) = 4.82, p < 0.05; R2 = 0.49) as well as turnovers per game (F(2,10) = 5.23, p < 0.05; R2 = 0.51). However, no relationship was detected regarding the assist-turnover ratio. Further, response time discriminated within the elite athletes’ performance data but not between performance levels while for response accuracy the opposite is the case. The results confirm the diagnostic and external validity of the assessment and indicate its applicability to investigate decision-making skills in youth basketball.
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de Joode T, Tebbes DJJ, Savelsbergh GJP. Game Insight Skills as a Predictor of Talent for Youth Soccer Players. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 2:609112. [PMID: 33521633 PMCID: PMC7844140 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.609112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perceptual–cognitive skills are found to be important factors for soccer players. The aim of this study was, therefore, to find within-group differences for game insight in an elite group of youth soccer players by means of a Game Insight inDicator (GID). In addition, the prospective value of perceptual–cognitive skills was examined by following the trajectory of the participants. The GID consisted of film clips that show game situations. The task of the players was to predict the trajectory and destination of the ball and move toward the correct position to receive the pass of a teammate. The film clips stopped 80 ms before, at, and 80 ms after the football contact of a teammate. We also sought to validate the GID against game performance. Participants were talented soccer players 11–13 years old and playing at the elite level for their age. Based on eight independent elite-coach judgments, two groups were created: highly talented players (HT) and less talented players (LT). The coach ratings were supported by a significant difference between the two groups based on the objective notational analysis of their game performance in 4 vs. 4 and 11 vs. 11 matches. With respect to the GID, a significant interaction effect for the groups (HT vs. LT) by occlusion time (−80, 0, and +80 ms) was found, showing that the HT performs better than the LT in 0 and +80 ms condition. In addition, GID scores were compared with soccer levels at the mean age of 19 years. Longitudinal data did not show significant differences between elite and sub-elite. Overall, the GID was found to be a valid and useful indicator for players anticipating the ball's trajectory and destination at age 11–13 years but failed to predict the players' level at age 19 years. The latter indicates how difficult it is to predict talent development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom de Joode
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Drewes J J Tebbes
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Geert J P Savelsbergh
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Institute of Brain and Behavior, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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17
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Decision-making skills of high-performance youth soccer players. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-020-00687-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to develop a valid video-based diagnostic instrument that assesses decision-making with a sport-specific motor response.
Methods
A total of 86 German youth academy players (16.7 ± 0.9 years) viewed game situations projected on a large video screen and were required to make a decision by dribbling and passing to one of three targets (representing different decision options). The test included 48 clips separated into two categories: build-up (bu) and offensive decisions (off). Criterion-related validity was tested based on age (i.e., U16, U17, and U19), playing status (i.e., minutes played in official matches of the current season) and in a prospective approach relating to future youth national team status (i.e., selected or nonselected). Finally, it was investigated whether decision-making competence was influenced by playing position (i.e., defenders vs. midfielders vs. forwards).
Results
Instrumental reliability demonstrated satisfactory values for SCbu (r = 0.72), and lower for SCoff (r = 0.56). Results showed the diagnostic instrument is suitable for discriminating between playing status (SCbu: Φ = 0.22, p < 0.01; SCoff: Φ = 0.14, p < 0.05) and between younger (U16) and older players (U17 > U16 in SCbu: Φ = 0.24 and SCoff: Φ = 0.39, p < 0.01; U19 > U16 in SCbu: Φ = 0.41 and SCoff: Φ = 0.46, p < 0.01); however, there was no difference between U17 and U19 players. Furthermore, the predictive value of the test indicates that future youth national team players make better decisions with respect to the build-up category (SCbu: Φ = 0.20; p < 0.05), whereas playing position did not significantly influence decision-making competence.
Conclusion
Results indicate the video-based decision-making diagnostic instrument can discriminate decision-making competence within a high-performance youth group. The outcomes associated with national youth team participation demonstrate the predictive value of the diagnostic instrument. This study provides initial evidence to suggest a new video-based diagnostic instrument with a soccer-specific motor response can be used within a talent identification process to assist with assessment of decision-making performance.
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18
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Shah EJ, Chow JY, Lee MJC. Anxiety on Quiet Eye and Performance of Youth Pistol Shooters. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 42:307-313. [PMID: 32702661 DOI: 10.1123/jsep.2019-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In adults, longer quiet-eye (QE) durations have been associated with more successful sport performances and less deterioration in skill during anxiety-inducing situations. This study aimed to establish if QE patterns in youth are similar to those reported in adults. Ten youth shooters, age 13.13 ± 0.83 years, completed an air-pistol task under a control and an anxiety condition. Mixed-design 2 (performance outcome) × 2 (condition) ANOVA tests were conducted with two performance measures-objective and coach rated. No significant main or interaction effects were found. Unlike in adults, performance and anxiety did not differentiate QE duration in youth athletes, although QE duration was longer during good shots than poor shots across both performance measures, and the shortest durations were recorded during poor shots in the anxiety condition. This preliminary exploration encourages more research with youth athletes to determine the efficacy of QE patterns across different learners.
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Williams AM, Ford PR, Drust B. Talent identification and development in soccer since the millennium. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:1199-1210. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1766647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Mark Williams
- Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Recreation, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Paul R. Ford
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | - Barry Drust
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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20
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Ford PR, Bordonau JLD, Bonanno D, Tavares J, Groenendijk C, Fink C, Gualtieri D, Gregson W, Varley MC, Weston M, Lolli L, Platt D, Di Salvo V. A survey of talent identification and development processes in the youth academies of professional soccer clubs from around the world. J Sports Sci 2020; 38:1269-1278. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2020.1752440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul R. Ford
- School of Sport and Service Management, University of Brighton, Brighton, UK
| | | | - Daniele Bonanno
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
| | - José Tavares
- FC Porto Youth Academy, FC Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Cristina Fink
- Union Technical Department, Philadelphia Union, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Warren Gregson
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
- Football Exchange, Research Institute of Sport Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - Matthew C. Varley
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
- Institute of Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Matthew Weston
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Lorenzo Lolli
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
- Football Exchange, Research Institute of Sport Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
| | - David Platt
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
| | - Valter Di Salvo
- Football Performance & Science Department, Aspire Academy, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
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21
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Till K, Baker J. Challenges and [Possible] Solutions to Optimizing Talent Identification and Development in Sport. Front Psychol 2020; 11:664. [PMID: 32351427 PMCID: PMC7174680 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern-day landscape of Olympic and Professional sport is arguably more competitive than ever. One consequence of this is the increased focus on identifying and developing early athletic talent. In this paper, we highlight key challenges associated with talent (athlete) identification and development and propose possible solutions that could be considered by research and practice. The first challenge focuses on clarifying the purposes of talent identification initiatives such as defining what talent is and how its meaning might evolve over time. Challenge two centers on ways to best identify, select and develop talent, including issues with different approaches to identification, the need to understand the impact of development and the need to have appropriate resourcing in the system to support continued development of knowledge. Finally, we discuss two challenges in relation to the 'healthiness' of talent identification and development. The first examines whether a talent identification and development system is 'healthy' for athletes while the second focuses on how sport stakeholders could discourage the apparent trend toward early specialization in youth sport settings. Whilst this paper discusses the research in relation to these challenges, we propose multiple possible solutions that researchers and practitioners could consider for optimizing their approach to talent identification and development. In summary, talent is a complex and largely misunderstood phenomenon lacking robust research evidence, and given concerns that it is potentially unhealthy, talent identification and selection at younger ages is not recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Till
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph Baker
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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22
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Beavan A, Spielmann J, Mayer J. Taking the First Steps Toward Integrating Testing and Training Cognitive Abilities Within High-Performance Athletes; Insights From a Professional German Football Club. Front Psychol 2020; 10:2773. [PMID: 31920822 PMCID: PMC6923669 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan Mayer
- TSG ResearchLab gGmbH, Zuzenhausen, Germany.,TSG 1899 Hoffenheim, Zuzenhausen, Germany
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23
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Johnston K, Baker J. Waste Reduction Strategies: Factors Affecting Talent Wastage and the Efficacy of Talent Selection in Sport. Front Psychol 2020; 10:2925. [PMID: 31998188 PMCID: PMC6967295 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Coaches are faced with the difficult task of identifying and selecting athletes to their team. Despite its widespread practice in sport, there is still much to learn about improving the identification and selection process. Evidence to date suggests selection decisions (at different competitive levels) can be inaccurate, bias driven, and sometimes even illogical. These mistakes are believed to contribute to "talent wastage," the effect of a coach's wrongful selection and/or deselection of an athlete to/from a team. Errors of this scale can lead to negative repercussions for all stakeholders involved and therefore deserve further exploration. It is the purpose of this paper to shed light on the potential factors influencing talent wastage and to illuminate possible psychological pitfalls when making decisions under uncertainty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Johnston
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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24
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Psychological factors and future performance of football players: A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2019; 23:415-420. [PMID: 31753742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review had 3 key objectives: (1) to investigate whether psychological factors were associated with future football performance (e.g., progression to professional football, better game statistics during the next season); (2) to critically review the methodological approaches used in the included studies and summarize the evidence for the current research question; (3) to provide guidelines for future studies. DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS Electronic databases (SPORTDiscus, PubMed and PsycINFO) and previously published systematic and scoping reviews were searched. Only prospective studies were considered for inclusion. RESULTS Eleven published studies that reported 39 effect sizes were included. Psychological factors; task orientation, task-oriented coping strategies and perceptual-cognitive functions had small effects on future performance in football (ds=0.20-0.29). Due to high risk of bias there were low certainty of evidence for psychological factors relationship with future football performance. CONCLUSIONS Psychological factors investigated showed small effects on future football performance, however, there was overall uncertainty in this evidence due to various sources of bias in the included studies. Therefore psychological factors cannot be used as a sole deciding factor in player recruitment, retention, release strategies, however it would appear appropriate to include these in the overall decision-making process. Future, studies with more appropriate and robust research designs are urgently needed to provide more certainty around their actual role.
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25
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Datson N, Weston M, Drust B, Gregson W, Lolli L. High-intensity endurance capacity assessment as a tool for talent identification in elite youth female soccer. J Sports Sci 2019; 38:1313-1319. [PMID: 31451097 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2019.1656323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Talent identification and development programmes have received broad attention in the last decades, yet evidence regarding the predictive utility of physical performance in female soccer players is limited. Using a retrospective design, we appraised the predictive value of performance-related measures in a sample of 228 youth female soccer players previously involved in residential Elite Performance Camps (age range: 12.7-15.3 years). With 10-m sprinting, 30-m sprinting, counter-movement jump height, and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (IR1) distance as primary predictor variables, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) assessed the relative quality of four penalised logistic regression models for determining future competitive international squads U17-U20 level selection. The model including Yo-Yo IR1 was the best for predicting career outcome. Predicted probabilities of future selection to the international squad increased with higher Yo-Yo IR1 distances, from 4.5% (95% confidence interval, 0.8 to 8.2%) for a distance lower than 440 m to 64.7% (95% confidence interval, 47.3 to 82.1%) for a score of 2040 m. The present study highlights the predictive utility of high-intensity endurance capacity for informing career progression in elite youth female soccer and provides reference values for staff involved in the talent development of elite youth female soccer players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Datson
- Institute of Sport, University of Chichester , Chichester, UK
| | - Matthew Weston
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University , Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Barry Drust
- Football Exchange, Research Institute of Sport Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool, UK
| | - Warren Gregson
- Football Exchange, Research Institute of Sport Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool, UK
| | - Lorenzo Lolli
- School of Health and Social Care, Teesside University , Middlesbrough, UK
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26
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Höner O, Raabe J, Murr D, Leyhr D. Prognostic relevance of motor tests in elite girls’ soccer: a five-year prospective cohort study within the German talent promotion program. SCI MED FOOTBALL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/24733938.2019.1609069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Höner
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Raabe
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- College of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Dennis Murr
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Leyhr
- Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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27
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Lobinger BH, Stoll O. Leistung beschreiben, erklären, vorhersagen und optimieren. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SPORTPSYCHOLOGIE 2019. [DOI: 10.1026/1612-5010/a000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Im vorliegenden Artikel wird anlässlich des 50-jährigen Bestehens der asp der Beitrag der Sportpsychologie zum Verständnis von Leistung anhand von vier Leitfragen resümiert, die den Grundanliegen der Psychologie als Wissenschaftsdisziplin folgen: Wie zeigt sich Leistung im Sport und wie lässt sie sich aus psychologischer Perspektive beschreiben? Wie lässt sich das Zustandekommen von Leistung erklären? Was können wir über das Entstehen von Leistung vorhersagen? Wie können wir Leistung optimieren? Im Spannungsfeld von Sport und Leistung steht die menschliche Höchstleistung. Damit einher gehen die Betrachtung der Expertise der Sportlerinnen und Sportler und der Erwerb von Expertise im Sport. Die Talentförderung im Leistungssport wird folglich als inhaltlicher Schwerpunkt gewählt. Sie erlaubt es, die Verbindung zwischen Phänomenen des Leistungssports, Erkenntnisinteresse der Wissenschaft, Erklärungsansätzen, Forschungsergebnissen und Praxistransfer herzustellen. Der Praxistransfer wird anhand eines Überblicks über die praxisbezogenen Beiträge der Zeitschrift für Sportpsychologie und ihrer Vorgänger_innen beleuchtet. Fazit und Ausblick fassen die Ausführungen zusammen und erörtern zukünftige Aufgaben.
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28
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Psychological talent predictors in youth soccer: A systematic review of the prognostic relevance of psychomotor, perceptual-cognitive and personality-related factors. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205337. [PMID: 30321221 PMCID: PMC6188900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the multidimensional nature of soccer talent, recently there has been an increasing interest in psychological characteristics. The aim of this present research was to systematically review the predictive value of psychological talent predictors and provide better comprehension of the researchers’ methodological approaches and the empirical evidence for individual factors (i.e., psychomotor, perceptual-cognitive and personality-related). Results highlighted heterogeneous study designs (e.g., participants, measurement methods, statistical analyses) which may limit the comparability of studies’ findings. Analyzing the number of included studies, psychomotor (n = 10) and personality-related factors (n = 8) received more consideration within the literature than perceptual-cognitive factors (n = 4). In regard to empirical evidence, dribbling (0.47 ≤ d ≤ 1.24), ball control (0.57 ≤ d ≤ 1.28) and decision-making (d = 0.81) demonstrated good predictive values as well as the achievement motives hope for success (0.27 ≤ d ≤ 0.74) and fear of failure (0.21 ≤ d ≤ 0.30). In conclusion, there is growing acceptance of the need for more complex statistical analyses to predict future superior performance based on measures of current talent. New research addresses the necessity for large-scale studies that employ multidisciplinary test batteries to assess youth athletes at different age groups prospectively.
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29
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Musculus L, Lobinger BH. Psychological Characteristics in Talented Soccer Players - Recommendations on How to Improve Coaches' Assessment. Front Psychol 2018; 9:41. [PMID: 29459839 PMCID: PMC5807374 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological characteristics, including personality traits and psychological skills, have been shown to be relevant predictors of soccer performance. In research, general and sport specific standardized self-report questionnaires have been applied in psychological diagnostics of sports talent. However, with regard to the assessment of psychological characteristics of talented soccer players, a gap between research and practice is apparent. While soccer clubs often ask their coaches to assess their players on self-designed, unevaluated scouting sheets, research widely neglects expert coaches' and clubs' perspectives on relevant performance characteristics. As we believe that expert coaches' assessments could be a valid predictor of a player's current performance and future success, we provide recommendations on how to improve coaches' assessment of psychological characteristics. As the quality of the assessment of psychological characteristics is crucial, we provide recommendations on how to ensure the central diagnostic standards: objectivity, reliability, and validity in talent assessment. Further, we argue that assessing psychological characteristics should combine self ratings of players and external ratings of coaches in talent development. Sport psychologists should assist clubs and coaches in improving the diagnostics of psychological characteristics as well as in embedding psychological diagnostics and interventions in the talent development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Musculus
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Babett H Lobinger
- Department of Performance Psychology, Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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30
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Woods CT, Robertson S, Collier NF, Swinbourne AL, Leicht AS. Transferring an Analytical Technique from Ecology to the Sport Sciences. Sports Med 2017; 48:725-732. [PMID: 28840544 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-017-0775-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Learning transfer is defined as an individual's capability to apply prior learnt perceptual, motor, or conceptual skills to a novel task or performance environment. In the sport sciences, learning transfers have been investigated from an athlete-specific perspective. However, sport scientists should also consider the benefits of cross-disciplinary learning to aid critical thinking and metacognitive skill gained through the interaction with similar quantitative scientific disciplines. OBJECTIVE Using team sports performance analysis as an example, this study aimed to demonstrate the utility of a common analytical technique in ecology in the sports sciences, namely, nonmetric multidimensional scaling. METHODS To achieve this aim, three novel research examples using this technique are presented, each of which enables the analysis and visualization of athlete (organism), team (aggregation of organisms), and competition (ecosystem) behaviors. RESULTS The first example reveals the technical behaviors of Australian Football League Brownlow medalists from the 2001 to 2016 seasons. The second example delineates dissimilarity in higher and lower ranked National Rugby League teams within the 2016 season. Lastly, the third example shows the evolution of game play in the basketball tournaments between the 2004 and 2016 Olympic Games. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the novel findings of each example, the collective results demonstrate that, by embracing cross-disciplinary learning and drawing upon an analytical technique common to ecology, novel solutions to pertinent research questions within sports performance analysis could be addressed in a practically meaningful way. Cross-disciplinary learning may subsequently assist sport scientists in the analysis and visualization of multivariate datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl T Woods
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia.
| | - Sam Robertson
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Activity Living (ISEAL), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Anthony S Leicht
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
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