1
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Zoefel B, Kösem A. Neural tracking of continuous acoustics: properties, speech-specificity and open questions. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 59:394-414. [PMID: 38151889 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Human speech is a particularly relevant acoustic stimulus for our species, due to its role of information transmission during communication. Speech is inherently a dynamic signal, and a recent line of research focused on neural activity following the temporal structure of speech. We review findings that characterise neural dynamics in the processing of continuous acoustics and that allow us to compare these dynamics with temporal aspects in human speech. We highlight properties and constraints that both neural and speech dynamics have, suggesting that auditory neural systems are optimised to process human speech. We then discuss the speech-specificity of neural dynamics and their potential mechanistic origins and summarise open questions in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Zoefel
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition (CerCo), CNRS UMR 5549, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Kösem
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), INSERM U1028, Bron, France
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2
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Jiang Z, An X, Liu S, Yin E, Yan Y, Ming D. Neural oscillations reflect the individual differences in the temporal perception of audiovisual speech. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:10575-10583. [PMID: 37727958 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Multisensory integration occurs within a limited time interval between multimodal stimuli. Multisensory temporal perception varies widely among individuals and involves perceptual synchrony and temporal sensitivity processes. Previous studies explored the neural mechanisms of individual differences for beep-flash stimuli, whereas there was no study for speech. In this study, 28 subjects (16 male) performed an audiovisual speech/ba/simultaneity judgment task while recording their electroencephalography. We examined the relationship between prestimulus neural oscillations (i.e. the pre-pronunciation movement-related oscillations) and temporal perception. The perceptual synchrony was quantified using the Point of Subjective Simultaneity and temporal sensitivity using the Temporal Binding Window. Our results revealed dissociated neural mechanisms for individual differences in Temporal Binding Window and Point of Subjective Simultaneity. The frontocentral delta power, reflecting top-down attention control, is positively related to the magnitude of individual auditory leading Temporal Binding Windows (auditory Temporal Binding Windows; LTBWs), whereas the parieto-occipital theta power, indexing bottom-up visual temporal attention specific to speech, is negatively associated with the magnitude of individual visual leading Temporal Binding Windows (visual Temporal Binding Windows; RTBWs). In addition, increased left frontal and bilateral temporoparietal occipital alpha power, reflecting general attentional states, is associated with increased Points of Subjective Simultaneity. Strengthening attention abilities might improve the audiovisual temporal perception of speech and further impact speech integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeliang Jiang
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xingwei An
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Erwei Yin
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
- Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences (AMS), 100071 Beijing, China
- Tianjin Artificial Intelligence Innovation Center (TAIIC), 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Ye Yan
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
- Defense Innovation Institute, Academy of Military Sciences (AMS), 100071 Beijing, China
- Tianjin Artificial Intelligence Innovation Center (TAIIC), 300457 Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Ming
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
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3
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Jiang Z, An X, Liu S, Yin E, Yan Y, Ming D. Spontaneous alpha-band oscillations reflect individual differences in audiovisual temporal perception. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38082896 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Light, and sound are persistently out of sync for subjective temporal perception called point of subjective simultaneity (PSS). It is stable within individuals but variable among individuals. Previous studies found that spontaneous alpha power, functioning in attention-related brain states, predicts individual PSS in the temporal order judgment (TOJ) task. However, the neural mechanisms underlying individual differences in audiovisual PSS have not been elucidated in the simultaneity judgment (SJ) task. A hypothesis that the spontaneous alpha band power might reflect the individual subjective temporal bias was proposed. We designed an SJ task EEG experiment where subjects judged whether the beep-flash stimuli are synchronous to test the above hypothesis. We primarily explored the correlation between the alpha-band power differences (visual- and auditory-leading conditions) with individual PSS. We used the V50A (~50% proportion of synchronous responses) to represent visual-leading conditions while A50V represents auditory-leading ones. We found the higher alpha power difference (V50A - A50V) predicted larger individual PSS. This study extends previous results and found that individual difference effects in the alpha band power also exist in the SJ task. The results suggested that alpha power might be associated with a spontaneous attentional state and reflect individuals' subjective temporal bias.
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4
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Wang L, Lin L, Sun Y, Hou S, Ren J. The effect of movement speed on audiovisual temporal integration in streaming-bouncing illusion. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1139-1149. [PMID: 35147722 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06312-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Motion perception in real situations is often stimulated by multisensory information. Speed is an essential characteristic of moving objects; however, at present, it is not clear whether speed affects the process of audiovisual temporal integration in motion perception. Therefore, this study used a streaming-bouncing task (a bistable motion perception; SB task) combined with a simultaneous judgment task (SJ task) to explore the effect of speed on audiovisual temporal integration from implicit and explicit perspectives. The experiment had a within-subjects design, two speed conditions (fast/slow), eleven audiovisual conditions [stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA): 0 ms/ ± 60 ms/ ± 120 ms/ ± 180 ms/ ± 240 ms/ ± 300 ms], and a visual-only condition. A total of 30 subjects were recruited for the study. These participants completed the SB task and the SJ task successively. The results showed the following outcomes: (1) the optimal times needed to induce the "bouncing" illusion and maximum audiovisual bounce-inducing effect (ABE) magnitude were much earlier than that for the optimal time of audiovisual synchrony, (2) speed as a bottom-up factor could affect the proportion of "bouncing" perception in SB illusions but did not affect the ABE magnitude, (3) speed could also affect the ability of audiovisual temporal integration in motion perception, and the main manifestation was that the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) in fast speed conditions was earlier than that of slow speed conditions in the SJ task and (4) the SB task and SJ task were not related. In conclusion, the time to complete the maximum audiovisual integration was different from the optimal time for synchrony perception; moreover, speed could affect audiovisual temporal integration in motion perception but only in explicit temporal tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Wang
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Liyue Lin
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Yujia Sun
- China Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shuang Hou
- School of Psychology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Jie Ren
- China Table Tennis College, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, 200438, China.
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5
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Yarrow K, Kohl C, Segasby T, Kaur Bansal R, Rowe P, Arnold DH. Neural-latency noise places limits on human sensitivity to the timing of events. Cognition 2022; 222:105012. [PMID: 34998243 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2021.105012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The brain-time account posits that the physical timing of sensory-evoked neural activity determines the perceived timing of corresponding sensory events. A canonical model formalises this account for tasks such as simultaneity and order judgements: Signals arrive at a decision centre in an order, and at a temporal offset, shaped by neural propagation times. This model assumes that the noise affecting people's temporal judgements is primarily neural-latency noise, i.e. variation in propagation times across trials, but this assumption has received little scrutiny. Here, we recorded EEG alongside simultaneity judgements from 50 participants in response to combinations of visual, auditory and tactile stimuli. Bootstrapping of ERP components was used to estimate neural-latency noise, and simultaneity judgements were modelled to estimate the precision of timing judgements. We obtained the predicted correlation between neural and behavioural measures of latency noise, supporting a fundamental feature of the canonical model of perceived timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kielan Yarrow
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - Carmen Kohl
- Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, United States of America
| | - Toby Segasby
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Rachel Kaur Bansal
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Paula Rowe
- Department of Psychology, City, University of London, London EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Derek H Arnold
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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6
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Blom JD, Nanuashvili N, Waters F. Time Distortions: A Systematic Review of Cases Characteristic of Alice in Wonderland Syndrome. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:668633. [PMID: 34025485 PMCID: PMC8138562 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.668633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Of the perceptual distortions characteristic of Alice in Wonderland syndrome, substantial alterations in the immediate experience of time are probably the least known and the most fascinating. We reviewed original case reports to examine the phenomenology and associated pathology of these time distortions in this syndrome. A systematic search in PubMed, Ovid Medline, and the historical literature yielded 59 publications that described 168 people experiencing time distortions, including 84 detailed individual case reports. We distinguished five different types of time distortion. The most common category comprises slow-motion and quick-motion phenomena. In 39% of all cases, time distortions were unimodal in nature, while in 61% there was additional involvement of the visual (49%), kinaesthetic (18%), and auditory modalities (14%). In all, 40% of all time distortions described were bimodal in nature and 19% trimodal, with 1% involving four modalities. Underlying neurological mechanisms are varied and may be triggered by intoxications, infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, CNS lesions, paroxysmal neurological disorders, and psychiatric disorders. Bizarre sensations of time alteration-such as time going backwards or moving in circles-were mostly associated with psychosis. Pathophysiologically, mainly occipital areas appear to be involved, although the temporal network is widely disseminated, with separate component timing mechanisms not always functioning synchronously, thus occasionally creating temporal mismatches within and across sensory modalities (desynchronization). Based on our findings, we propose a classification of time distortions and formulate implications for research and clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dirk Blom
- Outpatient Clinic for Uncommon Psychiatric Syndromes, Parnassia Psychiatric Institute, The Hague, Netherlands.,Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Nutsa Nanuashvili
- Amsterdam Brain and Cognition Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Flavie Waters
- Clinical Research Centre, Graylands Hospital, North Metro Health Service Mental Health, Perth, WA, Australia.,School of Psychological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
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7
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Badde S, Ley P, Rajendran SS, Shareef I, Kekunnaya R, Röder B. Sensory experience during early sensitive periods shapes cross-modal temporal biases. eLife 2020; 9:61238. [PMID: 32840213 PMCID: PMC7476755 DOI: 10.7554/elife.61238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Typical human perception features stable biases such as perceiving visual events as later than synchronous auditory events. The origin of such perceptual biases is unknown. To investigate the role of early sensory experience, we tested whether a congenital, transient loss of pattern vision, caused by bilateral dense cataracts, has sustained effects on audio-visual and tactile-visual temporal biases and resolution. Participants judged the temporal order of successively presented, spatially separated events within and across modalities. Individuals with reversed congenital cataracts showed a bias towards perceiving visual stimuli as occurring earlier than auditory (Expt. 1) and tactile (Expt. 2) stimuli. This finding stood in stark contrast to normally sighted controls and sight-recovery individuals who had developed cataracts later in childhood: both groups exhibited the typical bias of perceiving vision as delayed compared to audition. These findings provide strong evidence that cross-modal temporal biases depend on sensory experience during an early sensitive period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Badde
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Psychology and Center of Neural Science, New York University, New York, United States
| | - Pia Ley
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Siddhart S Rajendran
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Child Sight Institute, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Idris Shareef
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Child Sight Institute, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ramesh Kekunnaya
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.,Child Sight Institute, Jasti V Ramanamma Children's Eye Care Center, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India
| | - Brigitte Röder
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Abstract
It is proposed that the perceived present is not a moment in time, but an information structure comprising an integrated set of products of perceptual processing. All information in the perceived present carries an informational time marker identifying it as "present". This marker is exclusive to information in the perceived present. There are other kinds of time markers, such as ordinality ("this stimulus occurred before that one") and duration ("this stimulus lasted for 50 ms"). These are different from the "present" time marker and may be attached to information regardless of whether it is in the perceived present or not. It is proposed that the perceived present is a very short-term and very high-capacity holding area for perceptual information. The maximum holding time for any given piece of information is ~100 ms: This is affected by the need to balance the value of informational persistence for further processing against the problem of obsolescence of the information. The main function of the perceived present is to facilitate access by other specialized, automatic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A White
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Tower Building, Park Place, Cardiff, Wales, CF10 3YG, UK.
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9
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Michaelis K, Erickson LC, Fama ME, Skipper-Kallal LM, Xing S, Lacey EH, Anbari Z, Norato G, Rauschecker JP, Turkeltaub PE. Effects of age and left hemisphere lesions on audiovisual integration of speech. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2020; 206:104812. [PMID: 32447050 PMCID: PMC7379161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have implicated left temporal lobe regions in audiovisual integration of speech and inferior parietal regions in temporal binding of incoming signals. However, it remains unclear which regions are necessary for audiovisual integration, especially when the auditory and visual signals are offset in time. Aging also influences integration, but the nature of this influence is unresolved. We used a McGurk task to test audiovisual integration and sensitivity to the timing of audiovisual signals in two older adult groups: left hemisphere stroke survivors and controls. We observed a positive relationship between age and audiovisual speech integration in both groups, and an interaction indicating that lesions reduce sensitivity to timing offsets between signals. Lesion-symptom mapping demonstrated that damage to the left supramarginal gyrus and planum temporale reduces temporal acuity in audiovisual speech perception. This suggests that a process mediated by these structures identifies asynchronous audiovisual signals that should not be integrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Michaelis
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Laura C Erickson
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA; Neuroscience Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Mackenzie E Fama
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA; Department of Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology, Towson University, Towson, MD, USA
| | - Laura M Skipper-Kallal
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Shihui Xing
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA; Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Elizabeth H Lacey
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA; Research Division, MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington DC, USA
| | - Zainab Anbari
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Gina Norato
- Clinical Trials Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Josef P Rauschecker
- Neuroscience Department, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Peter E Turkeltaub
- Neurology Department and Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, USA; Research Division, MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington DC, USA.
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10
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Alpha Activity Reflects the Magnitude of an Individual Bias in Human Perception. J Neurosci 2020; 40:3443-3454. [PMID: 32179571 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2359-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biases in sensory perception can arise from both experimental manipulations and personal trait-like features. These idiosyncratic biases and their neural underpinnings are often overlooked in studies on the physiology underlying perception. A potential candidate mechanism reflecting such idiosyncratic biases could be spontaneous alpha band activity, a prominent brain rhythm known to influence perceptual reports in general. Using a temporal order judgment task, we here tested the hypothesis that alpha power reflects the overcoming of an idiosyncratic bias. Importantly, to understand the interplay between idiosyncratic biases and contextual (temporary) biases induced by experimental manipulations, we quantified this relation before and after temporal recalibration. Using EEG recordings in human participants (male and female), we find that prestimulus frontal alpha power correlates with the tendency to respond relative to an own idiosyncratic bias, with stronger α leading to responses matching the bias. In contrast, alpha power does not predict response correctness. These results also hold after temporal recalibration and are specific to the alpha band, suggesting that alpha band activity reflects, directly or indirectly, processes that help to overcome an individual's momentary bias in perception. We propose that combined with established roles of parietal α in the encoding of sensory information frontal α reflects complementary mechanisms influencing perceptual decisions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The brain is a biased organ, frequently generating systematically distorted percepts of the world, leading each of us to evolve in our own subjective reality. However, such biases are often overlooked or considered noise when studying the neural mechanisms underlying perception. We show that spontaneous alpha band activity predicts the degree of biasedness of human choices in a time perception task, suggesting that alpha activity indexes processes needed to overcome an individual's idiosyncratic bias. This result provides a window onto the neural underpinnings of subjective perception, and offers the possibility to quantify or manipulate such priors in future studies.
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11
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Zhou HY, Cheung EFC, Chan RCK. Audiovisual temporal integration: Cognitive processing, neural mechanisms, developmental trajectory and potential interventions. Neuropsychologia 2020; 140:107396. [PMID: 32087206 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To integrate auditory and visual signals into a unified percept, the paired stimuli must co-occur within a limited time window known as the Temporal Binding Window (TBW). The width of the TBW, a proxy of audiovisual temporal integration ability, has been found to be correlated with higher-order cognitive and social functions. A comprehensive review of studies investigating audiovisual TBW reveals several findings: (1) a wide range of top-down processes and bottom-up features can modulate the width of the TBW, facilitating adaptation to the changing and multisensory external environment; (2) a large-scale brain network works in coordination to ensure successful detection of audiovisual (a)synchrony; (3) developmentally, audiovisual TBW follows a U-shaped pattern across the lifespan, with a protracted developmental course into late adolescence and rebounding in size again in late life; (4) an enlarged TBW is characteristic of a number of neurodevelopmental disorders; and (5) the TBW is highly flexible via perceptual and musical training. Interventions targeting the TBW may be able to improve multisensory function and ameliorate social communicative symptoms in clinical populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yu Zhou
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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12
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Scurry AN, Vercillo T, Nicholson A, Webster M, Jiang F. Aging Impairs Temporal Sensitivity, but not Perceptual Synchrony, Across Modalities. Multisens Res 2019; 32:671-692. [PMID: 31059487 DOI: 10.1163/22134808-20191343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Encoding the temporal properties of external signals that comprise multimodal events is a major factor guiding everyday experience. However, during the natural aging process, impairments to sensory processing can profoundly affect multimodal temporal perception. Various mechanisms can contribute to temporal perception, and thus it is imperative to understand how each can be affected by age. In the current study, using three different temporal order judgement tasks (unisensory, multisensory, and sensorimotor), we investigated the effects of age on two separate temporal processes: synchronization and integration of multiple signals. These two processes rely on different aspects of temporal information, either the temporal alignment of processed signals or the integration/segregation of signals arising from different modalities, respectively. Results showed that the ability to integrate/segregate multiple signals decreased with age regardless of the task, and that the magnitude of such impairment correlated across tasks, suggesting a widespread mechanism affected by age. In contrast, perceptual synchrony remained stable with age, revealing a distinct intact mechanism. Overall, results from this study suggest that aging has differential effects on temporal processing, and general impairments with aging may impact global temporal sensitivity while context-dependent processes remain unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiziana Vercillo
- 2Ernest J. Del Monte Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Alexis Nicholson
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Michael Webster
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Fang Jiang
- 1Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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13
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Van der Stoep N, Van der Stigchel S, Van Engelen RC, Biesbroek JM, Nijboer TCW. Impairments in Multisensory Integration after Stroke. J Cogn Neurosci 2019; 31:885-899. [PMID: 30883294 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The integration of information from multiple senses leads to a plethora of behavioral benefits, most predominantly to faster and better detection, localization, and identification of events in the environment. Although previous studies of multisensory integration (MSI) in humans have provided insights into the neural underpinnings of MSI, studies of MSI at a behavioral level in individuals with brain damage are scarce. Here, a well-known psychophysical paradigm (the redundant target paradigm) was employed to quantify MSI in a group of stroke patients. The relation between MSI and lesion location was analyzed using lesion subtraction analysis. Twenty-one patients with ischemic infarctions and 14 healthy control participants responded to auditory, visual, and audiovisual targets in the left and right visual hemifield. Responses to audiovisual targets were faster than to unisensory targets. This could be due to MSI or statistical facilitation. Comparing the audiovisual RTs to the winner of a race between unisensory signals allowed us to determine whether participants could integrate auditory and visual information. The results indicated that (1) 33% of the patients showed an impairment in MSI; (2) patients with MSI impairment had left hemisphere and brainstem/cerebellar lesions; and (3) the left caudate, left pallidum, left putamen, left thalamus, left insula, left postcentral and precentral gyrus, left central opercular cortex, left amygdala, and left OFC were more often damaged in patients with MSI impairments. These results are the first to demonstrate the impact of brain damage on MSI in stroke patients using a well-established psychophysical paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Tanja C W Nijboer
- Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University.,Brain Center Rudolph Magnus, University Medical Center, Utrecht University.,Center for Brain Rehabilitation Medicine, Utrecht Medical Center, Utrecht University
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A. White
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
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15
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Butera IM, Stevenson RA, Mangus BD, Woynaroski TG, Gifford RH, Wallace MT. Audiovisual Temporal Processing in Postlingually Deafened Adults with Cochlear Implants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:11345. [PMID: 30054512 PMCID: PMC6063927 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29598-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For many cochlear implant (CI) users, visual cues are vitally important for interpreting the impoverished auditory speech information that an implant conveys. Although the temporal relationship between auditory and visual stimuli is crucial for how this information is integrated, audiovisual temporal processing in CI users is poorly understood. In this study, we tested unisensory (auditory alone, visual alone) and multisensory (audiovisual) temporal processing in postlingually deafened CI users (n = 48) and normal-hearing controls (n = 54) using simultaneity judgment (SJ) and temporal order judgment (TOJ) tasks. We varied the timing onsets between the auditory and visual components of either a syllable/viseme or a simple flash/beep pairing, and participants indicated either which stimulus appeared first (TOJ) or if the pair occurred simultaneously (SJ). Results indicate that temporal binding windows-the interval within which stimuli are likely to be perceptually 'bound'-are not significantly different between groups for either speech or non-speech stimuli. However, the point of subjective simultaneity for speech was less visually leading in CI users, who interestingly, also had improved visual-only TOJ thresholds. Further signal detection analysis suggests that this SJ shift may be due to greater visual bias within the CI group, perhaps reflecting heightened attentional allocation to visual cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliza M Butera
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Ryan A Stevenson
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Brannon D Mangus
- Murfreesboro Medical Clinic and Surgicenter, Murfreesboro, TN, USA
| | - Tiffany G Woynaroski
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - René H Gifford
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark T Wallace
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Kennedy Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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16
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Grabot L, Kösem A, Azizi L, van Wassenhove V. Prestimulus Alpha Oscillations and the Temporal Sequencing of Audiovisual Events. J Cogn Neurosci 2017; 29:1566-1582. [DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Perceiving the temporal order of sensory events typically depends on participants' attentional state, thus likely on the endogenous fluctuations of brain activity. Using magnetoencephalography, we sought to determine whether spontaneous brain oscillations could disambiguate the perceived order of auditory and visual events presented in close temporal proximity, that is, at the individual's perceptual order threshold (Point of Subjective Simultaneity [PSS]). Two neural responses were found to index an individual's temporal order perception when contrasting brain activity as a function of perceived order (i.e., perceiving the sound first vs. perceiving the visual event first) given the same physical audiovisual sequence. First, average differences in prestimulus auditory alpha power indicated perceiving the correct ordering of audiovisual events irrespective of which sensory modality came first: a relatively low alpha power indicated perceiving auditory or visual first as a function of the actual sequence order. Additionally, the relative changes in the amplitude of the auditory (but not visual) evoked responses were correlated with participant's correct performance. Crucially, the sign of the magnitude difference in prestimulus alpha power and evoked responses between perceived audiovisual orders correlated with an individual's PSS. Taken together, our results suggest that spontaneous oscillatory activity cannot disambiguate subjective temporal order without prior knowledge of the individual's bias toward perceiving one or the other sensory modality first. Altogether, our results suggest that, under high perceptual uncertainty, the magnitude of prestimulus alpha (de)synchronization indicates the amount of compensation needed to overcome an individual's prior in the serial ordering and temporal sequencing of information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Grabot
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DRF/Joliot, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Anne Kösem
- Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leila Azizi
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DRF/Joliot, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Virginie van Wassenhove
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, CEA DRF/Joliot, INSERM, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin center, 91191 Gif/Yvette, France
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Morís Fernández L, Macaluso E, Soto-Faraco S. Audiovisual integration as conflict resolution: The conflict of the McGurk illusion. Hum Brain Mapp 2017; 38:5691-5705. [PMID: 28792094 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.23758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There are two main behavioral expressions of multisensory integration (MSI) in speech; the perceptual enhancement produced by the sight of the congruent lip movements of the speaker, and the illusory sound perceived when a speech syllable is dubbed with incongruent lip movements, in the McGurk effect. These two models have been used very often to study MSI. Here, we contend that, unlike congruent audiovisually (AV) speech, the McGurk effect involves brain areas related to conflict detection and resolution. To test this hypothesis, we used fMRI to measure blood oxygen level dependent responses to AV speech syllables. We analyzed brain activity as a function of the nature of the stimuli-McGurk or non-McGurk-and the perceptual outcome regarding MSI-integrated or not integrated response-in a 2 × 2 factorial design. The results showed that, regardless of perceptual outcome, AV mismatch activated general-purpose conflict areas (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex) as well as specific AV speech conflict areas (e.g., inferior frontal gyrus), compared with AV matching stimuli. Moreover, these conflict areas showed stronger activation on trials where the McGurk illusion was perceived compared with non-illusory trials, despite the stimuli where physically identical. We conclude that the AV incongruence in McGurk stimuli triggers the activation of conflict processing areas and that the process of resolving the cross-modal conflict is critical for the McGurk illusion to arise. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5691-5705, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Morís Fernández
- Multisensory Research Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emiliano Macaluso
- Neuroimaging Laboratory, Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,ImpAct Team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (UCBL1, INSERM 1028, CNRS 5292), Lyon, France
| | - Salvador Soto-Faraco
- Multisensory Research Group, Center for Brain and Cognition, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Sight and sound persistently out of synch: stable individual differences in audiovisual synchronisation revealed by implicit measures of lip-voice integration. Sci Rep 2017; 7:46413. [PMID: 28429784 PMCID: PMC5399466 DOI: 10.1038/srep46413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Are sight and sound out of synch? Signs that they are have been dismissed for over two centuries as an artefact of attentional and response bias, to which traditional subjective methods are prone. To avoid such biases, we measured performance on objective tasks that depend implicitly on achieving good lip-synch. We measured the McGurk effect (in which incongruent lip-voice pairs evoke illusory phonemes), and also identification of degraded speech, while manipulating audiovisual asynchrony. Peak performance was found at an average auditory lag of ~100 ms, but this varied widely between individuals. Participants’ individual optimal asynchronies showed trait-like stability when the same task was re-tested one week later, but measures based on different tasks did not correlate. This discounts the possible influence of common biasing factors, suggesting instead that our different tasks probe different brain networks, each subject to their own intrinsic auditory and visual processing latencies. Our findings call for renewed interest in the biological causes and cognitive consequences of individual sensory asynchronies, leading potentially to fresh insights into the neural representation of sensory timing. A concrete implication is that speech comprehension might be enhanced, by first measuring each individual’s optimal asynchrony and then applying a compensatory auditory delay.
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Abstract
Incorrectly perceiving the chronology of events can fundamentally alter people's understanding of the causal structure of the world. For example, when astronomers used the "eye and ear" method to locate stars, they showed systematic interindividual errors. In the current study, we showed that temporal-order perception may be considered a psychological bias that attention can modulate but not fully eradicate. According to Titchener's law of prior entry, attention prioritizes the perception of an event and thus can help compensate for possible interindividual differences in the perceived timing of an event by normalizing perception in time. In a longitudinal study, we tested the stability of participants' temporal-order perception across and within sensory modalities, together with the magnitude of the participants' prior-entry effect. All measurements showed the persistence of stable interindividual variability. Crucially, the magnitude of the prior-entry effect was insufficient to compensate for interindividual variability: Conscious time order was systematically subjective, and therefore traceable on an individual basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Grabot
- 1 Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay
- 2 NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay
| | - Virginie van Wassenhove
- 1 Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université Paris-Saclay
- 2 NeuroSpin, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Université Paris-Saclay
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20
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Shahin AJ, Shen S, Kerlin JR. Tolerance for audiovisual asynchrony is enhanced by the spectrotemporal fidelity of the speaker's mouth movements and speech. LANGUAGE, COGNITION AND NEUROSCIENCE 2017; 32:1102-1118. [PMID: 28966930 PMCID: PMC5617130 DOI: 10.1080/23273798.2017.1283428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We examined the relationship between tolerance for audiovisual onset asynchrony (AVOA) and the spectrotemporal fidelity of the spoken words and the speaker's mouth movements. In two experiments that only varied in the temporal order of sensory modality, visual speech leading (exp1) or lagging (exp2) acoustic speech, participants watched intact and blurred videos of a speaker uttering trisyllabic words and nonwords that were noise vocoded with 4-, 8-, 16-, and 32-channels. They judged whether the speaker's mouth movements and the speech sounds were in-sync or out-of-sync. Individuals perceived synchrony (tolerated AVOA) on more trials when the acoustic speech was more speech-like (8 channels and higher vs. 4 channels), and when visual speech was intact than blurred (exp1 only). These findings suggest that enhanced spectrotemporal fidelity of the audiovisual (AV) signal prompts the brain to widen the window of integration promoting the fusion of temporally distant AV percepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine J Shahin
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, 95618
| | - Stanley Shen
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, 95618
| | - Jess R Kerlin
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, CA, 95618
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21
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Bannazadeh M, Fatehi F, Fatemi I, Roohbakhsh A, Allahtavakoli M, Nasiri M, Azin M, Shamsizadeh A. The role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 in unimodal and multimodal object recognition task in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:526-531. [PMID: 28359919 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels in learning and memory processes has recently been recognized. In the present study, the role of this receptor in the multisensory integration process was investigated. METHODS This study was done using 96 male Wistar rats, which were kept in a reverse 12-12h dark/light cycle. Unimodal and multimodal object recognition task was performed by four variations of the spontaneous object recognition (SOR) test including standard SOR, tactile SOR, visual SOR, and cross-modal visual-tactile SOR (CMOR). AMG9810 (selective TRPV1 antagonist) was injected into the right lateral cerebral ventricle prior to sample and choice phases of SOR. A discrimination ratio was calculated to assess the preference of the animal for the novel object. RESULTS Results demonstrated that administration of AMG9810 prior to the sample phase, as encoding phase, and prior to the choice phase, as retrieval phase, impaired discrimination between the novel and the familiar objects in all standard SOR, tactile SOR, visual SOR, and CMOR tasks (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION The results of this study showed that TRPV1 receptors might be implicated in both unimodal and cross-modal encoding of information in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Bannazadeh
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Farangis Fatehi
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Roohbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Allahtavakoli
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahin Nasiri
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Azin
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Shamsizadeh
- Physiology-pharmacology Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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22
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The unity assumption facilitates cross-modal binding of musical, non-speech stimuli: The role of spectral and amplitude envelope cues. Atten Percept Psychophys 2016; 78:1512-28. [DOI: 10.3758/s13414-016-1088-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Tsilionis E, Vatakis A. Multisensory binding: is the contribution of synchrony and semantic congruency obligatory? Curr Opin Behav Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobeha.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Yarrow K, Martin SE, Di Costa S, Solomon JA, Arnold DH. A Roving Dual-Presentation Simultaneity-Judgment Task to Estimate the Point of Subjective Simultaneity. Front Psychol 2016; 7:416. [PMID: 27047434 PMCID: PMC4805589 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The most popular tasks with which to investigate the perception of subjective synchrony are the temporal order judgment (TOJ) and the simultaneity judgment (SJ). Here, we discuss a complementary approach—a dual-presentation (2x) SJ task—and focus on appropriate analysis methods for a theoretically desirable “roving” design. Two stimulus pairs are presented on each trial and the observer must select the most synchronous. To demonstrate this approach, in Experiment 1 we tested the 2xSJ task alongside TOJ, SJ, and simple reaction-time (RT) tasks using audiovisual stimuli. We interpret responses from each task using detection-theoretic models, which assume variable arrival times for sensory signals at critical brain structures for timing perception. All tasks provide similar estimates of the point of subjective simultaneity (PSS) on average, and PSS estimates from some tasks were correlated on an individual basis. The 2xSJ task produced lower and more stable estimates of model-based (and thus comparable) sensory/decision noise than the TOJ. In Experiment 2 we obtained similar results using RT, TOJ, ternary, and 2xSJ tasks for all combinations of auditory, visual, and tactile stimuli. In Experiment 3 we investigated attentional prior entry, using both TOJs and 2xSJs. We found that estimates of prior-entry magnitude correlated across these tasks. Overall, our study establishes the practicality of the roving dual-presentation SJ task, but also illustrates the additional complexity of the procedure. We consider ways in which this task might complement more traditional procedures, particularly when it is important to estimate both PSS and sensory/decisional noise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kielan Yarrow
- Department of Psychology, City University London London, UK
| | - Sian E Martin
- Department of Psychology, City University London London, UK
| | - Steven Di Costa
- Department of Psychology, UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience London, UK
| | - Joshua A Solomon
- Centre for Applied Vision Science, City University London London, UK
| | - Derek H Arnold
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Jacklin DL, Kelly P, Bianchi C, MacDonald T, Traquair H, Winters BD. Evidence for a specific role for muscarinic receptors in crossmodal object recognition in rats. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2015; 118:125-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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The pre-reflective experience of “I” as a continuously existing being: The role of temporal functional binding. Conscious Cogn 2015; 31:98-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Keifer OP, Gutman DA, Hecht EE, Keilholz SD, Ressler KJ. A comparative analysis of mouse and human medial geniculate nucleus connectivity: a DTI and anterograde tracing study. Neuroimage 2014; 105:53-66. [PMID: 25450110 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the function and connectivity of thalamic nuclei is critical for understanding normal and pathological brain function. The medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) has been studied mostly in the context of auditory processing and its connection to the auditory cortex. However, there is a growing body of evidence that the MGN and surrounding associated areas ('MGN/S') have a diversity of projections including those to the globus pallidus, caudate/putamen, amygdala, hypothalamus, and thalamus. Concomitantly, pathways projecting to the medial geniculate include not only the inferior colliculus but also the auditory cortex, insula, cerebellum, and globus pallidus. Here we expand our understanding of the connectivity of the MGN/S by using comparative diffusion weighted imaging with probabilistic tractography in both human and mouse brains (most previous work was in rats). In doing so, we provide the first report that attempts to match probabilistic tractography results between human and mice. Additionally, we provide anterograde tracing results for the mouse brain, which corroborate the probabilistic tractography findings. Overall, the study provides evidence for the homology of MGN/S patterns of connectivity across species for understanding translational approaches to thalamic connectivity and function. Further, it points to the utility of DTI in both human studies and small animal modeling, and it suggests potential roles of these connections in human cognition, behavior, and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orion P Keifer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David A Gutman
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Erin E Hecht
- Department of Anthropology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shella D Keilholz
- Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University/Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Kerry J Ressler
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA; Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Yuan X, Bi C, Yin H, Li B, Huang X. The recalibration patterns of perceptual synchrony and multisensory integration after exposure to asynchronous speech. Neurosci Lett 2014; 569:148-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 03/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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van Vugt FT, Tillmann B. Thresholds of auditory-motor coupling measured with a simple task in musicians and non-musicians: was the sound simultaneous to the key press? PLoS One 2014; 9:e87176. [PMID: 24498299 PMCID: PMC3911931 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is able to predict the sensory effects of its actions. But how precise are these predictions? The present research proposes a tool to measure thresholds between a simple action (keystroke) and a resulting sound. On each trial, participants were required to press a key. Upon each keystroke, a woodblock sound was presented. In some trials, the sound came immediately with the downward keystroke; at other times, it was delayed by a varying amount of time. Participants were asked to verbally report whether the sound came immediately or was delayed. Participants' delay detection thresholds (in msec) were measured with a staircase-like procedure. We hypothesised that musicians would have a lower threshold than non-musicians. Comparing pianists and brass players, we furthermore hypothesised that, as a result of a sharper attack of the timbre of their instrument, pianists might have lower thresholds than brass players. Our results show that non-musicians exhibited higher thresholds for delay detection (180±104 ms) than the two groups of musicians (102±65 ms), but there were no differences between pianists and brass players. The variance in delay detection thresholds could be explained by variance in sensorimotor synchronisation capacities as well as variance in a purely auditory temporal irregularity detection measure. This suggests that the brain's capacity to generate temporal predictions of sensory consequences can be decomposed into general temporal prediction capacities together with auditory-motor coupling. These findings indicate that the brain has a relatively large window of integration within which an action and its resulting effect are judged as simultaneous. Furthermore, musical expertise may narrow this window down, potentially due to a more refined temporal prediction. This novel paradigm provides a simple test to estimate the temporal precision of auditory-motor action-effect coupling, and the paradigm can readily be incorporated in studies investigating both healthy and patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floris T. van Vugt
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Auditory Cognition and Psychoacoustics Team, CNRS-UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Lyon, France
- Institute of Music Physiology and Musicians' Medicine, University of Music, Drama and Media, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Barbara Tillmann
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Auditory Cognition and Psychoacoustics Team, CNRS-UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, Lyon, France
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