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Manippa V, Nitsche MA, Filardi M, Vilella D, Scianatico G, Logroscino G, Rivolta D. Temporal gamma tACS and auditory stimulation affect verbal memory in healthy adults. Psychophysiology 2024:e14653. [PMID: 39014532 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Research suggests a potential of gamma oscillation entrainment for enhancing memory in Alzheimer's disease and healthy subjects. Gamma entrainment can be accomplished with oscillatory electrical, but also sensory stimulation. However, comparative studies between sensory stimulation and transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) effects on memory processes are lacking. This study examined the effects of rhythmic gamma auditory stimulation (rAS) and temporal gamma-tACS on verbal long-term memory (LTM) and working memory (WM) in 74 healthy individuals. Participants were assigned to two groups according to the stimulation techniques (rAS or tACS). Memory was assessed in three experimental blocks, in which each participant was administered with control, 40, and 60 Hz stimulation in counterbalanced order. All interventions were well-tolerated, and participants reported mostly comparable side effects between real stimulation (40 and 60 Hz) and the control condition. LTM immediate and delayed recall remained unaffected by stimulations, while immediate recall intrusions decreased during 60 Hz stimulation. Notably, 40 Hz interventions improved WM compared to control stimulations. These results highlight the potential of 60 and 40 Hz temporal cortex stimulation for reducing immediate LTM recall intrusions and improving WM performance, respectively, probably due to the entrainment of specific gamma oscillations in the auditory cortex. The results also shed light on the comparative effects of these neuromodulation tools on memory functions, and their potential applications for cognitive enhancement and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Manippa
- Department of Education, Psychology and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro at Pia Fondazione "Cardinale G. Panico", Lecce, Italy
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department of Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Bochum, Germany
- University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Marco Filardi
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro at Pia Fondazione "Cardinale G. Panico", Lecce, Italy
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences (DiBraiN), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Davide Vilella
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro at Pia Fondazione "Cardinale G. Panico", Lecce, Italy
| | - Gaetano Scianatico
- Department of Education, Psychology and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Logroscino
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, University of Bari Aldo Moro at Pia Fondazione "Cardinale G. Panico", Lecce, Italy
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neurosciences (DiBraiN), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Davide Rivolta
- Department of Education, Psychology and Communication, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Morgan AM, Devinsky O, Doyle WK, Dugan P, Friedman D, Flinker A. A low-activity cortical network selectively encodes syntax. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.20.599931. [PMID: 38948730 PMCID: PMC11212956 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.20.599931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Syntax, the abstract structure of language, is a hallmark of human cognition. Despite its importance, its neural underpinnings remain obscured by inherent limitations of non-invasive brain measures and a near total focus on comprehension paradigms. Here, we address these limitations with high-resolution neurosurgical recordings (electrocorticography) and a controlled sentence production experiment. We uncover three syntactic networks that are broadly distributed across traditional language regions, but with focal concentrations in middle and inferior frontal gyri. In contrast to previous findings from comprehension studies, these networks process syntax mostly to the exclusion of words and meaning, supporting a cognitive architecture with a distinct syntactic system. Most strikingly, our data reveal an unexpected property of syntax: it is encoded independent of neural activity levels. We propose that this "low-activity coding" scheme represents a novel mechanism for encoding information, reserved for higher-order cognition more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Morgan
- Neurology Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Orrin Devinsky
- Neurosurgery Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Werner K. Doyle
- Neurology Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Dugan
- Neurology Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Daniel Friedman
- Neurology Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, 10016, NY, USA
| | - Adeen Flinker
- Neurology Department, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave, New York, 10016, NY, USA
- Biomedical Engineering Department, NYU Tandon School of Engineering, 6 MetroTech Center Ave, Brooklyn, 11201, NY, USA
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Hung YT, Wu RM, Huang CY. Differentiation in theta and gamma activation in weight-shifting learning between people with parkinson's disease of different anxiety severities. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01236-7. [PMID: 38890205 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety and postural control deficits may be related in people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD). However, the association between anxiety levels and weight-shifting control remains ambiguous. This study investigated whether 1) weight-shifting control differed between PwPD with and without anxiety, and 2) the learning effect of weight-shifting differed between the two populations. Additionally, we evaluated cortical activities to investigate neural mechanisms underlying weight-shifting control. Twenty-eight PwPD (14 anxiety, 14 nonanxiety) participated in a 5-day weight-shifting study by coupling the bearing weight of their more-affected leg to a sinusoidal target at 0.25 Hz. We tested the weight-shifting control on day 1 (pretest), day 3 (posttest), and day 5 (retention test) with a learning session on day 3. The error and jerk of weight-shifting trajectory and the theta and gamma powers of electroencephalography in prefrontal, frontal, sensorimotor and parietal-occipital areas were measured. At the pretest, the anxiety group showed larger error and smaller jerk of weight-shifting with greater prefrontal theta, frontal gamma, and sensorimotor gamma powers than the nonanxiety group. Anxiety intensity was correlated positively with weight-shifting error and theta power but negatively with weight-shifting jerk. Reduced weight-shifting error with increased theta power after weight-shifting learning was observed in the nonanxiety group. However, the anxiety group showed decreased gamma power after weight-shifting learning without behavior change. Our findings suggest differential weight-shifting control and associated cortical activation between PwPD with and without anxiety. In addition, anxiety would deteriorate weight-shifting control and hinder weight-shifting learning benefits in PwPD, leading to less weight-shifting accuracy and correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Hung
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruey-Meei Wu
- Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ya Huang
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Wang X, Krieger-Redwood K, Lyu B, Lowndes R, Wu G, Souter NE, Wang X, Kong R, Shafiei G, Bernhardt BC, Cui Z, Smallwood J, Du Y, Jefferies E. The Brain's Topographical Organization Shapes Dynamic Interaction Patterns That Support Flexible Behavior Based on Rules and Long-Term Knowledge. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e2223232024. [PMID: 38527807 PMCID: PMC11140685 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2223-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Adaptive behavior relies both on specific rules that vary across situations and stable long-term knowledge gained from experience. The frontoparietal control network (FPCN) is implicated in the brain's ability to balance these different influences on action. Here, we investigate how the topographical organization of the cortex supports behavioral flexibility within the FPCN. Functional properties of this network might reflect its juxtaposition between the dorsal attention network (DAN) and the default mode network (DMN), two large-scale systems implicated in top-down attention and memory-guided cognition, respectively. Our study tests whether subnetworks of FPCN are topographically proximal to the DAN and the DMN, respectively, and how these topographical differences relate to functional differences: the proximity of each subnetwork is anticipated to play a pivotal role in generating distinct cognitive modes relevant to working memory and long-term memory. We show that FPCN subsystems share multiple anatomical and functional similarities with their neighboring systems (DAN and DMN) and that this topographical architecture supports distinct interaction patterns that give rise to different patterns of functional behavior. The FPCN acts as a unified system when long-term knowledge supports behavior but becomes segregated into discrete subsystems with different patterns of interaction when long-term memory is less relevant. In this way, our study suggests that the topographical organization of the FPCN and the connections it forms with distant regions of cortex are important influences on how this system supports flexible behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Katya Krieger-Redwood
- Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Baihan Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rebecca Lowndes
- Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Guowei Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nicholas E Souter
- Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaokang Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - Ru Kong
- Centre for Sleep and Cognition (CSC) & Centre for Translational Magnetic Resonance Research (TMR), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore
| | - Golia Shafiei
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Zaixu Cui
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jonathan Smallwood
- Department of Psychology, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Yi Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing 102206, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Elizabeth Jefferies
- Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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Borghetti L, Curley T, Rhodes LJ, Morris MB, Veksler BZ. Hybrid framework of fatigue: connecting motivational control and computational moderators to gamma oscillations. FRONTIERS IN NEUROERGONOMICS 2024; 5:1375913. [PMID: 38864094 PMCID: PMC11165150 DOI: 10.3389/fnrgo.2024.1375913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Introduction There is a need to develop a comprehensive account of time-on-task fatigue effects on performance (i.e., the vigilance decrement) to increase predictive accuracy. We address this need by integrating three independent accounts into a novel hybrid framework. This framework unites (1) a motivational system balancing goal and comfort drives as described by an influential cognitive-energetic theory with (2) accumulating microlapses from a recent computational model of fatigue, and (3) frontal gamma oscillations indexing fluctuations in motivational control. Moreover, the hybrid framework formally links brief lapses (occurring over milliseconds) to the dynamics of the motivational system at a temporal scale not otherwise described in the fatigue literature. Methods EEG and behavioral data was collected from a brief vigilance task. High frequency gamma oscillations were assayed, indexing effortful controlled processes with motivation as a latent factor. Binned and single-trial gamma power was evaluated for changes in real- and lagged-time and correlated with behavior. Functional connectivity analyses assessed the directionality of gamma power in frontal-parietal communication across time-on-task. As a high-resolution representation of latent motivation, gamma power was scaled by fatigue moderators in two computational models. Microlapses modulated transitions from an effortful controlled state to a minimal-effort default state. The hybrid models were compared to a computational microlapse-only model for goodness-of-fit with simulated data. Results Findings suggested real-time high gamma power exhibited properties consistent with effortful motivational control. However, gamma power failed to correlate with increases in response times over time, indicating electrophysiology and behavior relations are insufficient in capturing the full range of fatigue effects. Directional connectivity affirmed the dominance of frontal gamma activity in controlled processes in the frontal-parietal network. Parameterizing high frontal gamma power, as an index of fluctuating relative motivational control, produced results that are as accurate or superior to a previous microlapse-only computational model. Discussion The hybrid framework views fatigue as a function of a energetical motivational system, managing the trade-space between controlled processes and competing wellbeing needs. Two gamma computational models provided compelling and parsimonious support for this framework, which can potentially be applied to fatigue intervention technologies and related effectiveness measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine Borghetti
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
- ORISE at Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Taylor Curley
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - L. Jack Rhodes
- BAE System at Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Megan B. Morris
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Bella Z. Veksler
- Tier1 Performance Solutions at Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH, United States
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de Zwart B, Ruis C. An update on tests used for intraoperative monitoring of cognition during awake craniotomy. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2024; 166:204. [PMID: 38713405 PMCID: PMC11076349 DOI: 10.1007/s00701-024-06062-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Mapping higher-order cognitive functions during awake brain surgery is important for cognitive preservation which is related to postoperative quality of life. A systematic review from 2018 about neuropsychological tests used during awake craniotomy made clear that until 2017 language was most often monitored and that the other cognitive domains were underexposed (Ruis, J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 40(10):1081-1104, 218). The field of awake craniotomy and cognitive monitoring is however developing rapidly. The aim of the current review is therefore, to investigate whether there is a change in the field towards incorporation of new tests and more complete mapping of (higher-order) cognitive functions. METHODS We replicated the systematic search of the study from 2018 in PubMed and Embase from February 2017 to November 2023, yielding 5130 potentially relevant articles. We used the artificial machine learning tool ASReview for screening and included 272 papers that gave a detailed description of the neuropsychological tests used during awake craniotomy. RESULTS Comparable to the previous study of 2018, the majority of studies (90.4%) reported tests for assessing language functions (Ruis, J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 40(10):1081-1104, 218). Nevertheless, an increasing number of studies now also describe tests for monitoring visuospatial functions, social cognition, and executive functions. CONCLUSIONS Language remains the most extensively tested cognitive domain. However, a broader range of tests are now implemented during awake craniotomy and there are (new developed) tests which received more attention. The rapid development in the field is reflected in the included studies in this review. Nevertheless, for some cognitive domains (e.g., executive functions and memory), there is still a need for developing tests that can be used during awake surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beleke de Zwart
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institution, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Carla Ruis
- Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institution, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Mandal AS, Wiener C, Assem M, Romero-Garcia R, Coelho P, McDonald A, Woodberry E, Morris RC, Price SJ, Duncan J, Santarius T, Suckling J, Hart MG, Erez Y. Tumour-infiltrated cortex participates in large-scale cognitive circuits. Cortex 2024; 173:1-15. [PMID: 38354669 PMCID: PMC10988771 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The extent to which tumour-infiltrated brain tissue contributes to cognitive function remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that cortical tissue infiltrated by diffuse gliomas participates in large-scale cognitive circuits using a unique combination of intracranial electrocorticography (ECoG) and resting-state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) imaging in four patients. We also assessed the relationship between functional connectivity with tumour-infiltrated tissue and long-term cognitive outcomes in a larger, overlapping cohort of 17 patients. We observed significant task-related high gamma (70-250 Hz) power modulations in tumour-infiltrated cortex in response to increased cognitive effort (i.e., switch counting compared to simple counting), implying preserved functionality of neoplastic tissue for complex tasks probing executive function. We found that tumour locations corresponding to task-responsive electrodes exhibited functional connectivity patterns that significantly co-localised with canonical brain networks implicated in executive function. Specifically, we discovered that tumour-infiltrated cortex with larger task-related high gamma power modulations tended to be more functionally connected to the dorsal attention network (DAN). Finally, we demonstrated that tumour-DAN connectivity is evident across a larger cohort of patients with gliomas and that it relates to long-term postsurgical outcomes in goal-directed attention. Overall, this study contributes convergent fMRI-ECoG evidence that tumour-infiltrated cortex participates in large-scale neurocognitive circuits that support executive function in health. These findings underscore the potential clinical utility of mapping large-scale connectivity of tumour-infiltrated tissue in the care of patients with diffuse gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan S Mandal
- Brain-Gene Development Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, USA; Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK.
| | - Chemda Wiener
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | - Moataz Assem
- Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - Rafael Romero-Garcia
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS) HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla/CIBERSAM, ISCIII, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Alexa McDonald
- Department of Neuropsychology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Emma Woodberry
- Department of Neuropsychology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Robert C Morris
- Department of Neuropsychology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Stephen J Price
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - John Duncan
- Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Thomas Santarius
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK; Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, UK; Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, UK
| | - John Suckling
- Brain Mapping Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, UK; Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, UK; Cambridge and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Michael G Hart
- St George's, University of London & St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences Research Centre, Cranmer Terrace, London, UK
| | - Yaara Erez
- Faculty of Engineering, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel; Medical Research Council, Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK; Gonda Multidisciplinary Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
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8
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Merino EC, Faes A, Van Hulle MM. The role of distinct ECoG frequency features in decoding finger movement. J Neural Eng 2023; 20:066014. [PMID: 37963397 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad0c5e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective.To identify the electrocorticography (ECoG) frequency features that encode distinct finger movement states during repeated finger flexions.Approach.We used the publicly available Stanford ECoG dataset of cue-based, repeated single finger flexions. Using linear regression, we identified the spectral features that contributed most to the encoding of movement dynamics and discriminating movement events from rest, and combined them to predict finger movement trajectories. Furthermore, we also looked into the effect of the used frequency range and the spatial distribution of the identified features.Main results.Two frequency features generate superior performance, each one for a different movement aspect: high gamma band activity distinguishes movement events from rest, whereas the local motor potential (LMP) codes for movement dynamics. Combining these two features in a finger movement decoder outperformed comparable prior work where the entire spectrum was used as the average correlation coefficient with the true trajectories increased from 0.45 to 0.5, both applied to the Stanford dataset, and erroneous predictions during rest were demoted. In addition, for the first time, our results show the influence of the upper cut-off frequency used to extract LMP, yielding a higher performance when this range is adjusted to the finger movement rate.Significance.This study shows the benefit of a detailed feature analysis prior to designing the finger movement decoder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Calvo Merino
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Faes
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - M M Van Hulle
- Laboratory for Neuro- and Psychophysiology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Murphy E. ROSE: A Neurocomputational Architecture for Syntax. ARXIV 2023:arXiv:2303.08877v1. [PMID: 36994166 PMCID: PMC10055479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive model of natural language processing in the brain must accommodate four components: representations, operations, structures and encoding. It further requires a principled account of how these different components mechanistically, and causally, relate to each another. While previous models have isolated regions of interest for structure-building and lexical access, and have utilized specific neural recording measures to expose possible signatures of syntax, many gaps remain with respect to bridging distinct scales of analysis that map onto these four components. By expanding existing accounts of how neural oscillations can index various linguistic processes, this article proposes a neurocomputational architecture for syntax, termed the ROSE model (Representation, Operation, Structure, Encoding). Under ROSE, the basic data structures of syntax are atomic features, types of mental representations (R), and are coded at the single-unit and ensemble level. Elementary computations (O) that transform these units into manipulable objects accessible to subsequent structure-building levels are coded via high frequency broadband γ activity. Low frequency synchronization and cross-frequency coupling code for recursive categorial inferences (S). Distinct forms of low frequency coupling and phase-amplitude coupling (δ-θ coupling via pSTS-IFG; θ-γ coupling via IFG to conceptual hubs in lateral and ventral temporal cortex) then encode these structures onto distinct workspaces (E). Causally connecting R to O is spike-phase/LFP coupling; connecting O to S is phase-amplitude coupling; connecting S to E is a system of frontotemporal traveling oscillations; connecting E back to lower levels is low-frequency phase resetting of spike-LFP coupling. This compositional neural code has important implications for algorithmic accounts, since it makes concrete predictions for the appropriate level of study for psycholinguistic parsing models. ROSE is reliant on neurophysiologically plausible mechanisms, is supported at all four levels by a range of recent empirical research, and provides an anatomically precise and falsifiable grounding for the basic property of natural language syntax: hierarchical, recursive structure-building.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliot Murphy
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Institute for Restorative Neurotechnologies, UTHealth, Houston, TX, USA
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Mandal AS, Brem S, Suckling J. Brain network mapping and glioma pathophysiology. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad040. [PMID: 36895956 PMCID: PMC9989143 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult diffuse gliomas are among the most difficult brain disorders to treat in part due to a lack of clarity regarding the anatomical origins and mechanisms of migration of the tumours. While the importance of studying networks of glioma spread has been recognized for at least 80 years, the ability to carry out such investigations in humans has emerged only recently. Here, we comprehensively review the fields of brain network mapping and glioma biology to provide a primer for investigators interested in merging these areas of inquiry for the purposes of translational research. Specifically, we trace the historical development of ideas in both brain network mapping and glioma biology, highlighting studies that explore clinical applications of network neuroscience, cells-of-origin of diffuse glioma and glioma-neuronal interactions. We discuss recent research that has merged neuro-oncology and network neuroscience, finding that the spatial distribution patterns of gliomas follow intrinsic functional and structural brain networks. Ultimately, we call for more contributions from network neuroimaging to realize the translational potential of cancer neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayan S Mandal
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Steven Brem
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Glioblastoma Translational Center of Excellence, Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Suckling
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
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