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Zhang L, Xie Q, Chang S, Ai Y, Dong K, Zhang H. Epigenetic Factor MicroRNAs Likely Mediate Vaccine Protection Efficacy against Lymphomas in Response to Tumor Virus Infection in Chickens through Target Gene Involved Signaling Pathways. Vet Sci 2024; 11:139. [PMID: 38668407 PMCID: PMC11053969 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11040139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic factors, including microRNAs (miRNAs), play an important role in affecting gene expression and, therefore, are involved in various biological processes including immunity protection against tumors. Marek's disease (MD) is a highly contagious disease of chickens caused by the MD virus (MDV). MD has been primarily controlled by vaccinations. MD vaccine efficacy might, in part, be dependent on modulations of a complex set of factors including host epigenetic factors. This study was designed to identify differentially expressed miRNAs in the primary lymphoid organ, bursae of Fabricius, in response to MD vaccination followed by MDV challenge in two genetically divergent inbred lines of White Leghorns. Small RNA sequencing and bioinformatic analyses of the small RNA sequence reads identified hundreds of miRNAs among all the treatment groups. A small portion of the identified miRNAs was differentially expressed within each of the four treatment groups, which were HVT or CVI988/Rispens vaccinated line 63-resistant birds and line 72-susceptible birds. A direct comparison between the resistant line 63 and susceptible line 72 groups vaccinated with HVT followed by MDV challenge identified five differentially expressed miRNAs. Gene Ontology analysis of the target genes of those five miRNAs revealed that those target genes, in addition to various GO terms, are involved in multiple signaling pathways including MAPK, TGF-β, ErbB, and EGFR1 signaling pathways. The general functions of those pathways reportedly play important roles in oncogenesis, anti-cancer immunity, cancer cell migration, and metastatic progression. Therefore, it is highly likely that those miRNAs may, in part, influence vaccine protection through the pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
- Institute of Special Wild Economic Animal and Plant Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China
| | - Qingmei Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Shuang Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Yongxing Ai
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Kunzhe Dong
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA;
| | - Huanmin Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
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Rausch JW, Parvez S, Pathak S, Capoferri AA, Kearney MF. HIV Expression in Infected T Cell Clones. Viruses 2024; 16:108. [PMID: 38257808 PMCID: PMC10820123 DOI: 10.3390/v16010108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The principal barrier to an HIV-1 cure is the persistence of infected cells harboring replication-competent proviruses despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV-1 transcriptional suppression, referred to as viral latency, is foremost among persistence determinants, as it allows infected cells to evade the cytopathic effects of virion production and killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and other immune factors. HIV-1 persistence is also governed by cellular proliferation, an innate and essential capacity of CD4+ T cells that both sustains cell populations over time and enables a robust directed response to immunological threats. However, when HIV-1 infects CD4+ T cells, this capacity for proliferation can enable surreptitious HIV-1 propagation without the deleterious effects of viral gene expression in latently infected cells. Over time on ART, the HIV-1 reservoir is shaped by both persistence determinants, with selective forces most often favoring clonally expanded infected cell populations harboring transcriptionally quiescent proviruses. Moreover, if HIV latency is incomplete or sporadically reversed in clonal infected cell populations that are replenished faster than they are depleted, such populations could both persist indefinitely and contribute to low-level persistent viremia during ART and viremic rebound if treatment is withdrawn. In this review, select genetic, epigenetic, cellular, and immunological determinants of viral transcriptional suppression and clonal expansion of HIV-1 reservoir T cells, interdependencies among these determinants, and implications for HIV-1 persistence will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason W. Rausch
- HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA; (S.P.); (S.P.); (A.A.C.); (M.F.K.)
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3
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Ou K, Hamo D, Schulze A, Roemhild A, Kaiser D, Gasparoni G, Salhab A, Zarrinrad G, Amini L, Schlickeiser S, Streitz M, Walter J, Volk HD, Schmueck-Henneresse M, Reinke P, Polansky JK. Strong Expansion of Human Regulatory T Cells for Adoptive Cell Therapy Results in Epigenetic Changes Which May Impact Their Survival and Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751590. [PMID: 34869339 PMCID: PMC8639223 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Treg) is a promising new therapeutic option to treat detrimental inflammatory conditions after transplantation and during autoimmune disease. To reach sufficient cell yield for treatment, ex vivo isolated autologous or allogenic Tregs need to be expanded extensively in vitro during manufacturing of the Treg product. However, repetitive cycles of restimulation and prolonged culture have been shown to impact T cell phenotypes, functionality and fitness. It is therefore critical to scrutinize the molecular changes which occur during T cell product generation, and reexamine current manufacturing practices. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of cells throughout the manufacturing process of a polyclonal Treg product that has proven safety and hints of therapeutic efficacy in kidney transplant patients. We found progressive DNA methylation changes over the duration of culture, which were donor-independent and reproducible between manufacturing runs. Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in the final products were significantly enriched at promoters and enhancers of genes implicated in T cell activation. Additionally, significant hypomethylation did also occur in promoters of genes implicated in functional exhaustion in conventional T cells, some of which, however, have been reported to strengthen immunosuppressive effector function in Tregs. At the same time, a set of reported Treg-specific demethylated regions increased methylation levels with culture, indicating a possible destabilization of Treg identity during manufacturing, which was independent of the purity of the starting material. Together, our results indicate that the repetitive TCR-mediated stimulation lead to epigenetic changes that might impact functionality of Treg products in multiple ways, by possibly shifting to an effector Treg phenotype with enhanced functional activity or by risking destabilization of Treg identity and impaired TCR activation. Our analyses also illustrate the value of epigenetic profiling for the evaluation of T cell product manufacturing pipelines, which might open new avenues for the improvement of current adoptive Treg therapies with relevance for conventional effector T cell products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Ou
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dania Hamo
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Schulze
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andy Roemhild
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Kaiser
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gilles Gasparoni
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Abdulrahman Salhab
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Ghazaleh Zarrinrad
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leila Amini
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Schlickeiser
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Streitz
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörn Walter
- Department of Genetics and Epigenetics, Saarland University, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hans-Dieter Volk
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Institute of Medical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Schmueck-Henneresse
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Petra Reinke
- Berlin Center for Advanced Therapies (BeCAT), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julia K Polansky
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Centre (DRFZ) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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4
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The Bone Marrow as Sanctuary for Plasma Cells and Memory T-Cells: Implications for Adaptive Immunity and Vaccinology. Cells 2021; 10:cells10061508. [PMID: 34203839 PMCID: PMC8232593 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) is key to protective immunological memory because it harbors a major fraction of the body’s plasma cells, memory CD4+ and memory CD8+ T-cells. Despite its paramount significance for the human immune system, many aspects of how the BM enables decade-long immunity against pathogens are still poorly understood. In this review, we discuss the relationship between BM survival niches and long-lasting humoral immunity, how intrinsic and extrinsic factors define memory cell longevity and show that the BM is also capable of adopting many responsibilities of a secondary lymphoid organ. Additionally, with more and more data on the differentiation and maintenance of memory T-cells and plasma cells upon vaccination in humans being reported, we discuss what factors determine the establishment of long-lasting immunological memory in the BM and what we can learn for vaccination technologies and antigen design. Finally, using these insights, we touch on how this holistic understanding of the BM is necessary for the development of modern and efficient vaccines against the pandemic SARS-CoV-2.
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Gutierrez MJ, Nino G, Hong X, Wang X. Epigenomics and Early Life Human Humoral Immunity: Novel Paradigms and Research Opportunities. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1766. [PMID: 32983086 PMCID: PMC7492271 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular machinery controlling immune development has been extensively investigated. Studies in animal models and adult individuals have revealed fundamental mechanisms of disease and have been essential to understanding how humans sense and respond to cellular stress, tissue damage, pathogens and their environment. Nonetheless, our understanding of how immune responses originate during human development is just starting to emerge. In particular, studies to unveil how environmental and other non-heritable factors shape the immune system at the beginning of life offer great promise to yield important knowledge about determinants of normal inter-individual immune variation and to prevent and treat many human diseases. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of some of the mechanisms determining early life antibody production as a model of an immune process with sequential molecular checkpoints susceptible to influence by non-heritable factors. We discuss the potential of epigenomics as a valuable approach that may reveal not only relevant gene-environment interactions but important clues about immune developmental processes and homeostasis in early life. We then highlight the novel paradigm of human immunology as a complex field that nowadays requires a longitudinal systems-biology approach to understand normal variation and developmental changes during the first few years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J Gutierrez
- Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gustavo Nino
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States.,Center for Genetic Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Xiumei Hong
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaobin Wang
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, Center on Early Life Origins of Disease, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States.,Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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6
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Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi exposure elicits ex vivo cell-type-specific epigenetic changes in human gut cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13581. [PMID: 32788681 PMCID: PMC7423951 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) causes substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly among young children. Humans develop an array of mucosal immune responses following S. Typhi infection. Whereas the cellular mechanisms involved in S. Typhi infection have been intensively studied, very little is known about the early chromatin modifications occurring in the human gut microenvironment that influence downstream immune responses. To address this gap in knowledge, cells isolated from human terminal ileum exposed ex vivo to the wild-type S. Typhi strain were stained with a 33-metal-labeled antibody panel for mass cytometry analyses of the early chromatin modifications modulated by S. Typhi. We measured the cellular levels of 6 classes of histone modifications, and 1 histone variant in 11 major cell subsets (i.e., B, CD3 + T, CD4 + T, CD8 + T, NK, TCR-γδ, Mucosal associated invariant (MAIT), and NKT cells as well as monocytes, macrophages, and epithelial cells). We found that arginine methylation might regulate the early-differentiation of effector-memory CD4+ T-cells following exposure to S. Typhi. We also found S. Typhi-induced post-translational modifications in histone methylation and acetylation associated with epithelial cells, NKT, MAIT, TCR-γδ, Monocytes, and CD8 + T-cells that are related to both gene activation and silencing.
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Pezeshki A, Ovsyannikova IG, McKinney BA, Poland GA, Kennedy RB. The role of systems biology approaches in determining molecular signatures for the development of more effective vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2019; 18:253-267. [PMID: 30700167 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1575208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emerging infectious diseases are a major threat to public health, and while vaccines have proven to be one of the most effective preventive measures for infectious diseases, we still do not have safe and effective vaccines against many human pathogens, and emerging diseases continually pose new threats. The purpose of this review is to discuss how the creation of vaccines for these new threats has been hindered by limitations in the current approach to vaccine development. Recent advances in high-throughput technologies have enabled scientists to apply systems biology approaches to collect and integrate increasingly large datasets that capture comprehensive biological changes induced by vaccines, and then decipher the complex immune response to those vaccines. AREAS COVERED This review covers advances in these technologies and recent publications that describe systems biology approaches to understanding vaccine immune responses and to understanding the rational design of new vaccine candidates. EXPERT OPINION Systems biology approaches to vaccine development provide novel information regarding both the immune response and the underlying mechanisms and can inform vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Brett A McKinney
- b Department of Mathematics , University of Tulsa , Tulsa , OK , USA.,c Tandy School of Computer Science , University of Tulsa , Tulsa , OK , USA
| | - Gregory A Poland
- a Mayo Vaccine Research Group , Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN , USA
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8
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Raeven RHM, van Riet E, Meiring HD, Metz B, Kersten GFA. Systems vaccinology and big data in the vaccine development chain. Immunology 2018; 156:33-46. [PMID: 30317555 PMCID: PMC6283655 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systems vaccinology has proven a fascinating development in the last decade. Where traditionally vaccine development has been dominated by trial and error, systems vaccinology is a tool that provides novel and comprehensive understanding if properly used. Data sets retrieved from systems‐based studies endorse rational design and effective development of safe and efficacious vaccines. In this review we first describe different omics‐techniques that form the pillars of systems vaccinology. In the second part, the application of systems vaccinology in the different stages of vaccine development is described. Overall, this review shows that systems vaccinology has become an important tool anywhere in the vaccine development chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- René H M Raeven
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Elly van Riet
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hugo D Meiring
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard Metz
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gideon F A Kersten
- Intravacc (Institute for Translational Vaccinology), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Krajewski D, Kaczenski E, Rovatti J, Polukort S, Thompson C, Dollard C, Ser-Dolansky J, Schneider SS, Kinney SRM, Mathias CB. Epigenetic Regulation via Altered Histone Acetylation Results in Suppression of Mast Cell Function and Mast Cell-Mediated Food Allergic Responses. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2414. [PMID: 30405614 PMCID: PMC6206211 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are highly versatile cells that perform a variety of functions depending on the immune trigger, context of activation, and cytokine stimulus. Antigen-mediated mast cell responses are regulated by transcriptional processes that result in the induction of numerous genes contributing to mast cell function. Recently, we also showed that exposure to dietary agents with known epigenetic actions such as curcumin can suppress mast cell-mediated food allergy, suggesting that mast cell responses in vivo may be epigenetically regulated. To further assess the effects of epigenetic modifications on mast cell function, we examined the behavior of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) in response to trichostatin A (TSA) treatment, a well-studied histone deacetylase inhibitor. IgE-mediated BMMC activation resulted in enhanced expression and secretion of IL-4, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-13. In contrast, pretreatment with TSA resulted in altered cytokine secretion. This was accompanied by decreased expression of FcεRI and mast cell degranulation. Interestingly, exposure to non-IgE stimuli such as IL-33, was also affected by TSA treatment. Furthermore, continuous TSA exposure contributed to mast cell apoptosis and a decrease in survival. Further examination revealed an increase in I-κBα and a decrease in phospho-relA levels in TSA-treated BMMCs, suggesting that TSA alters transcriptional processes, resulting in enhancement of I-κBα transcription and decreased NF-κB activation. Lastly, treatment of wild-type mice with TSA in a model of ovalbumin-induced food allergy resulted in a significant attenuation in the development of food allergy symptoms including decreases in allergic diarrhea and mast cell activation. These data therefore suggest that the epigenetic regulation of mast cell activation during immune responses may occur via altered histone acetylation, and that exposure to dietary substances may induce epigenetic modifications that modulate mast cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Krajewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Edwin Kaczenski
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Jeffrey Rovatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Stephanie Polukort
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Chelsea Thompson
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Catherine Dollard
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States.,Northampton High School, Northampton, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer Ser-Dolansky
- Baystate Medical Center, Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Sallie S Schneider
- Baystate Medical Center, Pioneer Valley Life Sciences Institute, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Shannon R M Kinney
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
| | - Clinton B Mathias
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Western New England University, Springfield, MA, United States
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Zander RA, Vijay R, Pack AD, Guthmiller JJ, Graham AC, Lindner SE, Vaughan AM, Kappe SHI, Butler NS. Th1-like Plasmodium-Specific Memory CD4 + T Cells Support Humoral Immunity. Cell Rep 2018; 21:1839-1852. [PMID: 29141217 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Effector T cells exhibiting features of either T helper 1 (Th1) or T follicular helper (Tfh) populations are essential to control experimental Plasmodium infection and are believed to be critical for resistance to clinical malaria. To determine whether Plasmodium-specific Th1- and Tfh-like effector cells generate memory populations that contribute to protection, we developed transgenic parasites that enable high-resolution study of anti-malarial memory CD4 T cells in experimental models. We found that populations of both Th1- and Tfh-like Plasmodium-specific memory CD4 T cells persist. Unexpectedly, Th1-like memory cells exhibit phenotypic and functional features of Tfh cells during recall and provide potent B cell help and protection following transfer, characteristics that are enhanced following ligation of the T cell co-stimulatory receptor OX40. Our findings delineate critical functional attributes of Plasmodium-specific memory CD4 T cells and identify a host-specific factor that can be targeted to improve resolution of acute malaria and provide durable, long-term protection against Plasmodium parasite re-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Zander
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Rahul Vijay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Angela D Pack
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Jenna J Guthmiller
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Amy C Graham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Scott E Lindner
- Center for Malaria Research, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | | | - Stefan H I Kappe
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Noah S Butler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Graduate Program in Biosciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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11
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Zander RA, Vijay R, Pack AD, Guthmiller JJ, Graham AC, Lindner SE, Vaughan AM, Kappe SHI, Butler NS. Th1-like Plasmodium-Specific Memory CD4 + T Cells Support Humoral Immunity. Cell Rep 2018; 23:1230-1237. [PMID: 29694898 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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12
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Zimmermann MT, Oberg AL, Grill DE, Ovsyannikova IG, Haralambieva IH, Kennedy RB, Poland GA. System-Wide Associations between DNA-Methylation, Gene Expression, and Humoral Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152034. [PMID: 27031986 PMCID: PMC4816338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Failure to achieve a protected state after influenza vaccination is poorly understood but occurs commonly among aged populations experiencing greater immunosenescence. In order to better understand immune response in the elderly, we studied epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles and humoral immune response outcomes in 50-74 year old healthy participants. Associations between DNA methylation and gene expression reveal a system-wide regulation of immune-relevant functions, likely playing a role in regulating a participant's propensity to respond to vaccination. Our findings show that sites of methylation regulation associated with humoral response to vaccination impact known cellular differentiation signaling and antigen presentation pathways. We performed our analysis using per-site and regionally average methylation levels, in addition to continuous or dichotomized outcome measures. The genes and molecular functions implicated by each analysis were compared, highlighting different aspects of the biologic mechanisms of immune response affected by differential methylation. Both cis-acting (within the gene or promoter) and trans-acting (enhancers and transcription factor binding sites) sites show significant associations with measures of humoral immunity. Specifically, we identified a group of CpGs that, when coordinately hypo-methylated, are associated with lower humoral immune response, and methylated with higher response. Additionally, CpGs that individually predict humoral immune responses are enriched for polycomb-group and FOXP2 transcription factor binding sites. The most robust associations implicate differential methylation affecting gene expression levels of genes with known roles in immunity (e.g. HLA-B and HLA-DQB2) and immunosenescence. We believe our data and analysis strategy highlight new and interesting epigenetic trends affecting humoral response to vaccination against influenza; one of the most common and impactful viral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T. Zimmermann
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Ann L. Oberg
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Diane E. Grill
- Department of Health Science Research, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Inna G. Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Iana H. Haralambieva
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Richard B. Kennedy
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
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13
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Abstract
Immunologic memory is the adaptive immune system's powerful ability to remember a previous antigen encounter and react with accelerated vigor upon antigen re-exposure. It provides durable protection against reinfection with pathogens and is the foundation for vaccine-induced immunity. Unlike the relatively restricted immunologic purview of memory B cells and CD8 T cells, the field of CD4 T-cell memory must account for multiple distinct lineages with diverse effector functions, the issue of lineage commitment and plasticity, and the variable distribution of memory cells within each lineage. Here, we discuss the evidence for lineage-specific CD4 T-cell memory and summarize the known factors contributing to memory-cell generation, plasticity, and long-term maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Gasper
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Melba Marie Tejera
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - M Suresh
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences; Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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14
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Woappi YL, Jangiti R, Singh OV. Synthetic immunosurveillance systems: nanodevices to monitor physiological events. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 61:152-64. [PMID: 24874659 PMCID: PMC7065416 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The field of nanotechnology has recently seen vast advancements in its applications for therapeutic strategy. This technological revolution has led way to nanomedicine, which spurred the development of clever drug delivery designs and ingenious nanovehicles for the monitoring of cellular events in vivo. The clinical implementations of this technology are innumerable and have demonstrated utility as diagnostic tools and fortifying machineries for the mammalian immune system. Recently engineered viral vectors and multi-subunit packaging RNAs have verified stable enough for long-term existence in the physiological environment and therefore reveal unique potential as artificial immunosurveillance devices. Physiological and pathological events recorded by nanodevices could help develop "biocatalogs" of patients' infection history, frequency of disease, and much more. In this article, we introduce a novel design concept for a multilayer synthetic immune network parallel to the natural immune system; an artificial network of continuously patrolling nanodevices incorporated in the blood and lymphatic systems, and adapted for molecular event recording, anomaly detection, drug delivery, and gene silencing. We also aim to discuss the approaches and advances recently reported in nanomedicine, especially as it pertains to promising viral and RNA-based nanovehicles and their prospective applications for the development of a synthetic immunosurveillance system (SIS). Alternative suggestions and limitations of these technologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvon L Woappi
- Division of Biological and Health Sciences, 300 Campus Drive, University of Pittsburgh, Bradford, PA 16701, USA
| | - Rahul Jangiti
- Division of Physical and Computational Sciences, 300 Campus Drive, University of Pittsburgh, Bradford, PA 16701, USA
| | - Om V Singh
- Division of Biological and Health Sciences, 300 Campus Drive, University of Pittsburgh, Bradford, PA 16701, USA.
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15
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Baquero F, Coque TM, Cantón R. Counteracting antibiotic resistance: breaking barriers among antibacterial strategies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2014; 18:851-61. [DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2014.925881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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