Synthesis of Co-H2ABDC metal organic framework and finding their electrochemical non-enzymatic sensing properties

Structural Engineering of Co-Metal-Organic Frameworks via Ce Incorporation for Improved Oxygen Evolution

The rational design of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based electrocatalysts plays a key role in achieving high-efficiency oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, a synergetic morphology and electronic structure engineering strategy are proposed to design a Co-MOF nanoflower grown on carbon paper via rare-earth cerium doping (CoCe-MOF/CP). Compared with Co-MOF/CP, the developed CoCe-MOF/CP exhibited superior OER performance with a low overpotential of 267 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and outstanding long-term stability over 100 h. Theoretical calculations show that the unique 4f valence electron structure of Ce induced charge redistribution of the Co-MOF surface through the strong Co 3d-O 2p-Ce 4f orbital electronic coupling below the Fermi level. Ce-doped plays a key role in the engineering of the electronic states of the Co sites to endow them with the optimal free energy landscape for enhanced OER catalytic activity. This work provides new insights into comprehending the RE-enhanced mechanism of electrocatalysis and provides an effective strategy for the design of MOF-based electrocatalysts.

Hazardous impacts of glyphosate on human and environment health: Occurrence and detection in food

With the ever-increasing human population, farming lands are decreasing every year, therefore, for effective crop management; agricultural scientists are continually developing new strategies. However, small plants and herbs always impart a much loss in the yields of the crop and farmers are using tons of herbicides to eradicate that problem. Across the world, several herbicides are available in the market for effective crop management, however, scientists observed various environmental and health effects of the herbicides. Over the past 40 years, the herbicide glyphosate has been used extensively with the assumption of negligible effects on the environment and human health. However, in recent years, concerns have increased globally about the potential direct and indirect effects on human health due to the excessive use of glyphosate. As well, the toxicity on ecosystems and the possible effects on all living creatures have long been at the center of a complex discrepancy about the authorization for its use. The World Health Organization also further classified glyphosate as a carcinogenic toxic component and it was banned in 2017 due to numerous life-threatening side effects on human health. In the present era, the residues of banned glyphosate are more prevalent in agricultural and environmental samples which are directly affecting human health. Various reports revealed the detailed extraction process of glyphosate from different categories of the food matrix. Therefore, in the present review, to reveal the importance of glyphosate monitoring in the food matrix, we discussed the environmental and health effects of glyphosate with acute toxicity levels. Also, the effect of glyphosate on aquatic life is discussed in detail and various detection methods such as fluorescence, chromatography, and colorimetric techniques from different food samples with a limit of detection values are revealed. Overall, this review will give an in-depth insight into the various toxicological aspects and detection of glyphosate from food matrix using various advanced analytical techniques.

Pesticides monitoring in biological fluids: Mapping the gaps in analytical strategies

Pesticides play a key-role in the development of the agrifood sector allowing controlling pest growth and, thus, improving the production rates. Pesticides chemical stability is responsible of their persistency in environmental matrices leading to bioaccumulation in animal tissues and hazardous several effects on living organisms. The studies regarding long-term effects of pesticides exposure and their toxicity are still limited to few studies focusing on over-exposed populations, but no extensive dataset is currently available. Pesticides biomonitoring relies mainly on chromatographic techniques coupled with mass spectrometry, whose large-scale application is often limited by feasibility constraints (costs, time, etc.). On the contrary, chemical sensors allow rapid, in-situ screening. Several sensors were designed for the detection of pesticides in environmental matrices, but their application in biological fluids needs to be further explored. Aiming at contributing to the implementation of pesticides biomonitoring methods, we mapped the main gaps between screening and chromatographic methods. Our overview focuses on the recent advances (2016-2021) in analytical methods for the determination of commercial pesticides in human biological fluids and provides guidelines for their application.