1
|
Penalva-Olcina R, Juan C, Fernández-Franzón M, Vehniäinen ER, Juan-García A. Daphnia magna model for the study of mycotoxins present in food: gliotoxin, ochratoxin A and its combination. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 189:114740. [PMID: 38759715 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are low molecular weight compounds present in food and feed. Although their effects on human health have been widely described, their mechanisms of action are still undefined. Gliotoxin (GTX) and ochratoxin A (OTA) are among the most dangerous mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus spp. Therefore, their toxicity was studied in the Daphnia magna model, which has high capacity to predict cytotoxicity and assess ecotoxicity, comparable to mammalian models. The study consisted of a series of tests to evaluate the effects of mycotoxins GTX, OTA and their combinations at different dilutions on Daphnia magna that were conducted according to standardized OECD 202 and 211 guidelines. The following assays were carried out: acute toxicity test, heartbeat, delayed toxicity test, reproduction, growth rate test. Reproducibility was determined by observing the offspring after 21 days of GTX exposure. In acute and delayed toxicity transcript levels of genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism (mox, gst, abcb1, and abcc5), and oxidative stress (vtg-SOD) were analyzed by qPCR. GTX showed acute toxicity and decreased heart rate in D. magna compared to OTA. On the other hand, OTA showed a delayed effect as evidenced by the immobility test. Both mycotoxins showed to increase genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, while only the mycotoxin mixture increased oxidative stress. These results suggest that the mycotoxins tested could have negative impact on the environment and human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Penalva-Olcina
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, University of Valencia, València, Spain; Department of Biological and Environmental Science, PO Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Cristina Juan
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, University of Valencia, València, Spain
| | - Mónica Fernández-Franzón
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, University of Valencia, València, Spain
| | - Eeva-Riikka Vehniäinen
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, PO Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Ana Juan-García
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, University of Valencia, València, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rawat D, Bains A, Chawla P, Kaushik R, Yadav R, Kumar A, Sridhar K, Sharma M. Hazardous impacts of glyphosate on human and environment health: Occurrence and detection in food. Chemosphere 2023; 329:138676. [PMID: 37054847 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-increasing human population, farming lands are decreasing every year, therefore, for effective crop management; agricultural scientists are continually developing new strategies. However, small plants and herbs always impart a much loss in the yields of the crop and farmers are using tons of herbicides to eradicate that problem. Across the world, several herbicides are available in the market for effective crop management, however, scientists observed various environmental and health effects of the herbicides. Over the past 40 years, the herbicide glyphosate has been used extensively with the assumption of negligible effects on the environment and human health. However, in recent years, concerns have increased globally about the potential direct and indirect effects on human health due to the excessive use of glyphosate. As well, the toxicity on ecosystems and the possible effects on all living creatures have long been at the center of a complex discrepancy about the authorization for its use. The World Health Organization also further classified glyphosate as a carcinogenic toxic component and it was banned in 2017 due to numerous life-threatening side effects on human health. In the present era, the residues of banned glyphosate are more prevalent in agricultural and environmental samples which are directly affecting human health. Various reports revealed the detailed extraction process of glyphosate from different categories of the food matrix. Therefore, in the present review, to reveal the importance of glyphosate monitoring in the food matrix, we discussed the environmental and health effects of glyphosate with acute toxicity levels. Also, the effect of glyphosate on aquatic life is discussed in detail and various detection methods such as fluorescence, chromatography, and colorimetric techniques from different food samples with a limit of detection values are revealed. Overall, this review will give an in-depth insight into the various toxicological aspects and detection of glyphosate from food matrix using various advanced analytical techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Rawat
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Aarti Bains
- Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Prince Chawla
- Department of Food Technology and Nutrition, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Ravinder Kaushik
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Rahul Yadav
- Shoolini Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., Shoolini University, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Food Science Technology and Processing, Amity University, Mohali, Punjab-140306, India
| | - Kandi Sridhar
- Department of Food Technology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education (Deemed to be University), Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - Minaxi Sharma
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Science and Technology, Meghalaya 793101, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Taghizadeh SF, Rezaee R, Badibostan H, Karimi G. Probabilistic carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment of heavy metal ingestion through consumption of different walnut cultivars: An Iranian study. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:599. [PMID: 32856100 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-08551-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The heavy metal levels in six walnut cultivars from five geographical zones of Iran were measured. An assessment of risks was conducted by calculating the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) by use of the Monte Carlo simulation method. The highest amounts of As and Pb were reported in Farouj samples. Also, the highest levels of Cr, Zn, Cu and Mn were determined in samples collected from Tuyserkan. Accordingly, 50th and 95th ILCRs for general population due to consumption of walnut were 1.03 × 10-4 and 3.11 × 10-4 (for As), 4.10 × 10-6 and 1.1 × 10-5 (for Cr) and 4.71 × 10-9 and 1.05 × 10-8 (for Pb), respectively. In addition, the 50th and 95th centiles of the HIs for walnut ingestion by Iranians were 1.02 and 2.05, respectively, indicating a minor chance of non-cancer effects. Based on the calculated 95% ILCR, dietary exposure to As through the consumption of walnut poses a risk to Iranian consumer health. However, ILCR values of other heavy metals (HMs) were in acceptable ranges (ILCR < 1 × 10-4), representing no toxicological concern for consumers. The most significantly influential parameters were determined by sensitivity analysis during the MCS. According to THQ and ILCR methods, concentration was the most sensitive parameters. For THQ method the concentration effects were ranged from 72.4 to 85.1%. Moreover, for ILCR method the effects of concentration in As, Cr, and Pb were 87.1, 79.1 and 83.54%, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 1365-91775. I, Mashhad, .R, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hasan Badibostan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 1365-91775. I, Mashhad, .R, Iran.
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ainerua MO, Erhunmwunse N, Tongo I, Ezemonye L. Food toxicity assessment of selected canned foods in Nigeria. Toxicol Res 2020; 36:45-58. [PMID: 31998625 PMCID: PMC6988620 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-019-00001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Food toxicity assessment was made for frequently consumed canned foods in Nigeria in order to estimate potential human health risks associated with their consumption. Levels of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Fe, Mn and Zn), Nitrate and Nitrite, pH and salt were assessed in randomly purchased samples from groceries stores to represent what is readily available on the market. Nitrates and nitrites were assessed using a Perkin-Elmer spectrophotometer while heavy metal levels were determined using Atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Human health risk was estimated using standard indices; estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and dietary exposure (DE). Results showed varying concentrations of nitrates, nitrites, heavy metals, in all the canned food categories but the level of salt and pH seemed constant. Nitrate, Fe and Cd in all the canned food categories exceeded recommended limit set by EU. Health risk estimations showed EDI values for Cd in all the canned food categories above the tolerable daily intake, while DE for Fe in canned sweet corn, Fe, Zn and Pb in canned beans/peas had values above recommended limits. THQ values for all the canned foods were above 1 in the canned beans/peas while HI was above 1 in the canned fish category. The study revealed the potential for Cd toxicity and risk of non-carcinogenic health effects from canned beans/peas consumption. Constant monitoring of canned foods is therefore imperative considering the growing demand for canned products due to changing lifestyle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martins O. Ainerua
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Forensic Laboratory, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Nosakhare Erhunmwunse
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Forensic Laboratory, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Isioma Tongo
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Forensic Laboratory, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State Nigeria
| | - Lawrence Ezemonye
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Forensic Laboratory, Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, Edo State Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rajaji U, Manavalan S, Chen SM, Chinnapaiyan S, Chen TW, Jothi Ramalingam R. Facile synthesis and characterization of erbium oxide (Er 2O 3) nanospheres embellished on reduced graphene oxide nanomatrix for trace-level detection of a hazardous pollutant causing Methemoglobinaemia. Ultrason Sonochem 2019; 56:422-429. [PMID: 31101280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The nanomaterials have received enormous attention in the catalysis applications. Particularly, we have focused on the fabrication of nanocomposite for an electrochemical sensor with improved electrocatalytic performance. Herein, a rapid and sensitive electrochemical detection of nitrite is essential for assessing the risks facing ecosystems in environment. We report a simple and robust ultrasonic-assisted synthetical route via prepared Er2O3 nanoparticles decorated reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (Er2O3 NPs@RGO) modified electrode for nitrite detection. The composition and morphological formation were characterized by XRD, XPS, FESEM, and HRTEM. The amperometric (i-t) and cyclic voltammetry were exhibits tremendous electrocatalytic capability and superior performance toward nitrite oxidation. A sensitive and reproducible amperometric nitrite sensor was fabricated which able to detect trace concentration as 3.69 nM and excellent sensitivity (24.17 µA µM-1 cm-2). The method worked well even in cured meat and water samples and the results has indicates the reliability of the method in real-time analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umamaheswari Rajaji
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shaktivel Manavalan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Sathishkumar Chinnapaiyan
- International Master Program in Mechanical and Automation Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Section 3, Chung-Hsiao East Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - R Jothi Ramalingam
- Surfactant Research Chair, Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box-2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Karimi Z, Mirza Alizadeh A, Ezzati Nazhad Dolatabadi J, Dehghan P. Nigella sativaand its Derivatives as Food Toxicity Protectant Agents. Adv Pharm Bull 2019; 9:22-37. [PMID: 31011555 PMCID: PMC6468232 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2019.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to food toxins generate multiple adverse health effects. Heavy metals, antibiotics residue, mycotoxins, pesticides and some food additives are examples of the most important food toxins. The common mechanism of toxicity and carcinogenicity effects of food toxins is the generation of oxidative stress that leads to DNA damages. Moreover, based on epidemiologic evidence unhealthy eating habits and food toxicities are associated with cancers occurrence. Therefore, application of bioactive food additives as harmless or safe components in food industry is expensive. Nigella sativa L. is a broadly used herb-drug for various diseases all over the world and has been used as preservative and food additive. Based on various studies N. sativa has shown various pharmacological activities including therapeutic efficacy against different human diseases and antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects against environmental toxins. N. sativa decreases the adverse health effects induced by mentioned food toxins via modulating the action of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase catalase and act as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers in different organs. Besides, N. sativa and thymoquinone (TQ) have protective effects on food products through removal and inhibition of various toxic compounds. Therefore, in the present review we will describe all protective effects of N. sativa and its main constituents, TQ, against food induced toxicities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Karimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology/ National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvin Dehghan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|