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Wu YH, Gugala Z, Barry MM, Shen Y, Dasgupta S, Wang H. Optimization and Characterization of a Bone Culture Model to Study Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1360-1368. [PMID: 35666809 PMCID: PMC9357208 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nearly 90% of patients with advanced prostate cancer manifest bone metastases. Distinct from the osteolytic metastasis mostly observed in other cancer types, prostate cancer bone metastasis is typically more osteoblastic, which is relatively understudied due to the lack of reliable and efficient models to resemble the indolent cellular growth and complexity of metastatic progression. In our previous studies, we developed bone-in-culture array (BICA) to primarily model the osteoblast-involved, pre-osteolytic stage of breast cancer bone metastasis. Given that the progression of prostate cancer bone metastasis is largely osteoblastic, it is reasonable to speculate that the original BICA model can be adjusted to investigate prostate cancer bone metastases. In this study, we refined BICA by reducing the surgical labor and improving its reproducibility and capacity. The optimized BICA can successfully recapitulate important features of prostate cancer bone metastasis such as the osteoblastic phenotype, indolent growth, cancer-niche interactions, and response to hormones. Our efforts address the long-standing need for reliable and efficient models to study prostate cancer bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Hsuan Wu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Zbigniew Gugala
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Megan M. Barry
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263
| | - Yichao Shen
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030
| | - Subhamoy Dasgupta
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263
| | - Hai Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, 14263
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Kwon OK, Bang IH, Choi SY, Jeon JM, Na AY, Gao Y, Cho SS, Ki SH, Choe Y, Lee JN, Ha YS, Bae EJ, Kwon TG, Park BH, Lee S. SIRT5 Is the desuccinylase of LDHA as novel cancer metastatic stimulator in aggressive prostate cancer. GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2022:S1672-0229(22)00018-3. [PMID: 35278714 PMCID: PMC10372916 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most commonly diagnosed genital cancer in men worldwide. Among patients who developed advanced PCa, 80% suffered from bone metastasis, with a sharp drop in the survival rate. Despite great efforts, the detail of the mechanisms underlying castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) remain unclear. Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), an NAD+-dependent desuccinylase, is hypothesized to be a key regulator of various cancers. However, compared to other SIRTs, the role of SIRT5 in cancer has not been extensively studied. Here, we showed significantly decreased SIRT5 levels in aggressive PCa cells relative to the PCa stages. The correlation between the decrease in the SIRT5 level and the patient's survival rate was also confirmed. Using quantitative global succinylome analysis, we characterized a significant increase of lysine 118 succinylation (K118su) of lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), which plays a role in increasing LDH activity. As a substrate of SIRT5, LDHA-K118su significantly increased the migration and invasion of PCa cells and LDH activity in PCa patients. This study investigated the reduction of SIRT5 and LDHA-K118su as a novel mechanism involved in PCa progression, which can also be proposed as a new target that can prevent CPRC progression, which is key to PCa treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oh Kwang Kwon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hyuk Bang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Choi
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju Mi Jeon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Ann-Yae Na
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Gao
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sam Seok Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Hwan Ki
- College of Pharmacy, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngshik Choe
- Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ju Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chonbuk University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Byung-Hyun Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
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Jianfeng W, Yutao W, Jianbin B. Indolethylamine-N-Methyltransferase Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Human Prostate Cancer Cells: A Mechanistic Exploration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:805402. [PMID: 35252179 PMCID: PMC8891133 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.805402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Indolethylamine-N-methyltransferase (INMT) is a methyltransferase downregulated in lung cancer, meningioma, and prostate cancer; however, its role and mechanism in prostate cancer remain unclear. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-PRAD, we found that the expression of INMT in prostate cancer was lower than that of adjacent non-cancerous prostate tissues and was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis Gleason score, PSA expression, and survival. Combined with the GSE46602 cohorts for pathway enrichment analysis, we found that INMT was involved in regulating the MAPK, TGFβ, and Wnt signaling pathways. After overexpression of INMT in prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1 and PC-3, we found an effect of INMT on these tumor signal pathways; overexpression of INMT inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. Using the ESTIMATE algorithm, we found that with the increase of INMT expression, immune and stromal scores in the tumor microenvironment increased, immune response intensity increased, and tumor purity decreased. The difference in INMT expression affected the proportion of several immune cells. According to PRISM and CTRP2.0, the potential therapeutic agents associated with the INMT expression subgroup in TCGA were predicted. The area under the curve (AUC) values of 26 compounds positively correlated with the expression of INMT, while the AUC values of 14 compounds were negatively correlated with the expression of INMT. These findings suggest that INMT may affect prostate cancer’s occurrence, development, and drug sensitivity via various tumor signaling pathways and tumor microenvironments.
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Ashraf MAB, Zahid A, Ashraf S, Waquar S, Iqbal S, Malik A. Implication of Prophetic Variables and their Impulsive Interplay in CA Prostate Patients Experiencing Osteo-Metastasis. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:2106-2113. [PMID: 32718298 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200727094430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To identify variables having a critical role in prostate cancer patients experiencing osteometastasis. BACKGROUND Prostatic carcinoma is a multifactorial complex disorder that exhibits an increased propensity to develop bone metastasis. An interplay of inflammatory and bone remodeling parameters promotes the formation of pre-metastatic niches in bones of patients, which could render them more vulnerable to skeletal disabilities. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the multi-dynamic inter-relationship of circulating variables in prostate cancer patients experiencing osteo-metastasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty-seven (n=57) men with clinically confirmed prostate cancer, fifty-nine (n=59) with skeletal metastases, and one hundred (n=100) healthy subjects i.e., men aging from 53-84 years with no clinical evidence of prostate were recruited from the Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Informed consent was obtained, and a venous blood sample was drawn and stored at -70oC until assayed. Levels of variables were evaluated using appropriate methods. Levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs), Osteopontin (OPN), TGH- β, and sRANKL were estimated by the ELISA method. Each sample was suspended and the given protocol was employed. ELISA readings were obtained for the estimation of all variables. RESULTS Highly significant (P˂0.05) differential expression of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and bone remodeling variables were observed in localized and osteo-metastatic CA prostate patients. A strong positive correlation was revealed among OPN, sRANKL, MMP-7, MMP-9, PSA, and TGF-β (OPN vs. MMP-7, r=0.698* and OPN vs. MMP-9, r=0.765**, OPN vs. RANKL, =0.856*, sRANKL vs. MMP-9, r=0.825**, TGF- β vs. RANKL, r=0.868* and PSA vs. TGF- β, r=0.752*); lower levels of OPG were estimated in metastasized patients, showing that both osteolytic and osteoblastic phases of bone remodeling occur simultaneously. CONCLUSION The altered oxidative and inflammatory responses endorse Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) increased activity, RANKL/OPG imbalance, and enhanced bone matrix proteins turnover, which can foster the process of osteo-metastasis. The perturbed RANKL/OPG drift and enhanced PSA levels are associated with increased TGF-β activity to aggravate Epithelial Mesenchymal transition (EM) and osteo-tropism of prostate cancer. Thus, designing novel targets of these major variables can minimize the incidence of prostate cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad A B Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Zahid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Ashraf
- Department of Pathology, Independent Medical College, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sulayman Waquar
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Iqbal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arif Malik
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
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Hu CY, Chen J, Qin XH, You P, Ma J, Zhang J, Zhang H, Xu JD. Long non-coding RNA NORAD promotes the prostate cancer cell extracellular vesicle release via microRNA-541-3p-regulated PKM2 to induce bone metastasis of prostate cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:98. [PMID: 33722248 PMCID: PMC7962263 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bone metastasis is the leading cause of mortality and reduced quality of life in patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PCa). Long non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) has been observed to have an abnormal expression in various cancers. This article aimed to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the regulatory role of NORAD in bone metastasis of PCa. METHODS NORAD expression in clinical PCa tissues and cell lines was detected with the application of qRT-PCR. Cancer cells were then transfected with plasmids expressing NORAD, after which Transwell assay and CCK-8 assay were carried out to detect proliferation, migration, and bone metastasis of PCa. NORAD downstream target molecules were screened through bioinformatics analysis, followed by further verification using dual luciferase assay. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were labeled with PKH67 and interacted with bone marrow stromal cells. The gain- and loss-function method was applied to determine the internalization and secretion of PCa cells-derived EVs under the intervention of downstream target molecules or NORAD. RESULTS PCa tissues and cell lines were observed to have a high expression of NORAD, particularly in tissues with bone metastasis. NORAD knockdown resulted in reduced secretion and internalization of EVs, and suppressed proliferation, migration, and bone metastasis of PCa cells. It was indicated that NORAD interacted with miR-541-3p, leading to the upregulation of PKM2. Forced expression of PKM2 promoted the transfer of PKH67-labeled EVs to bone marrow stromal cells. CONCLUSIONS NORAD might serve as a ceRNA of miR-541-3p to promote PKM2 expression, thereby enhancing the development of bone metastasis in PCa by promoting internalization and transfer of EVs of cancer cells, providing an insight into a novel treatment for the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yi Hu
- Department of Urology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219, Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, P.R. China.
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Hua Qin
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, 750004, Yinchuan, P.R. China
| | - Pan You
- Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, 750004, Yinchuan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Urology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219, Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Urology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219, Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Urology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219, Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Dong Xu
- Department of Urology, Gongli Hospital of Shanghai Pudong New Area, No. 219, Miaopu Road, Pudong New Area, 200135, Shanghai, P.R. China
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6
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Wang H, Zhang W, Bado I, Zhang XHF. Bone Tropism in Cancer Metastases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a036848. [PMID: 31615871 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a036848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Bone is a frequent site of metastases in many cancers. Both bone properties and the tumor-intrinsic traits are associated with the metastatic propensity to bone (i.e., the bone tropism). Whereas an increasing body of mechanistic studies expanded our understanding on bone tropism, they also revealed complexity across the bone lesions originated from different cancer types. In this review, we will discuss the physical, chemical, and biological properties of bone microenvironment, identify potential players in every stage of bone metastases, and introduce some of the known mechanisms regulating the bone colonization. Our objectives are to integrate the knowledge established in different biological contexts and highlight the determinants of bone tropism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Igor Bado
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Xiang H-F Zhang
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,McNair Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Ripamonti CI, Napoli N. Are We Ready to Use Teriparatide to Treat Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in Clinical Practice? J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:2949-2951. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.01633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla I. Ripamonti
- Supportive Care in Cancer Unit, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Napoli
- Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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Park S, Kwon W, Park JK, Baek SM, Lee SW, Cho GJ, Ha YS, Lee JN, Kwon TG, Kim MO, Ryoo ZY, Han SH, Han JE, Choi SK. Suppression of cathepsin a inhibits growth, migration, and invasion by inhibiting the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in prostate cancer. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 688:108407. [PMID: 32407712 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer has the highest incidence among men in advanced countries, as well as a high mortality rate. Despite the efforts of numerous researchers to identify a gene-based therapeutic target as an effective treatment of prostate cancer, there is still a need for further research. The cathepsin gene family is known to have a close correlation with various cancer types and is highly expressed across these cancer types. This study aimed at investigating the correlation between the cathepsin A (CTSA) gene and prostate cancer. Our findings indicated a significantly elevated level of CTSA gene expression in the tissues of patients with prostate cancer when compared with normal prostate tissues. Furthermore, the knockdown of the CTSA gene in the representative prostate cancer cell lines PC3 and DU145 led to reduced proliferation and a marked reduction in anchorage-independent colony formation, which was shown to be caused by cell cycle arrest in the S phase. In addition, CTSA gene-knockdown prostate cancer cell lines showed a substantial decrease in migration and invasion, as well as a decrease in the marker genes that promote epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Such phenotypic changes in prostate cancer cell lines through CTSA gene suppression were found to be mainly caused by reduced p38 MAPK protein phosphorylation; i.e. the inactivation of the p38 MAPK cell signaling pathway. Tumorigenesis was also found to be inhibited in CTSA gene-knockdown prostate cancer cell lines when a xenograft assay was carried out using Balb/c nude mice, and the p38 MAPK phosphorylation was inhibited in tumor tissues. Thus, the CTSA gene is presumed to play a key role in human prostate cancer tissues through high-level expression, and the suppression of the CTSA gene leads to the inhibition of prostate cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and metastasis. The mechanism, by which these effects occur, was demonstrated to be the inactivation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Park
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Science, DGIST, Republic of Korea; Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookbong Kwon
- Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Min Baek
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoung-Woo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Jae Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- The School of Animal BT Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, 37224, Republic of Korea
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bioresearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hyeon Han
- School of Media Communication, Hanyang University, Wangsibri-ro 222, Seongdonggu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of News-team, SBS(Seoul Broadcasting Station), Mokdongseo-ro 161, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Eun Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Jeon JM, Kwon OK, Na AY, Sung EJ, Cho IJ, Kim M, Yea SS, Chun SY, Lee JH, Ha YS, Kwon TG, Lee S. Secretome profiling of PC3/nKR cells, a novel highly migrating prostate cancer subline derived from PC3 cells. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220807. [PMID: 31404090 PMCID: PMC6690527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer among men worldwide. Most PCa cases are not fatal; however, the outlook is poor when PCa spreads to another organ. Bone is the target organ in about 80% of patients who experience metastasis from a primary PCa tumor. In the present study, we characterized the secretome of PC3/nKR cells, which are a new subline of PC3 cells that were originally isolated from nude mice that were implanted with PC3 cells without anti-natural killer (NK) cell treatment. Wound healing and Transwell assays revealed that PC3/nKR cells had increased migratory and invasive activities in addition to a higher resistance to NK cells-induced cytotoxicity as compared to PC3 cells. We quantitatively profiled the secreted proteins of PC3/nKR and PC3 cells by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis coupled with 2-plex tandem mass tag labeling. In total, 598 secretory proteins were identified, and 561 proteins were quantified, among which 45 proteins were secreted more and 40 proteins were secreted less by PC3/nKR cells than by PC3 cells. For validation, the adapter molecule crk, serpin B3, and cystatin-M were analyzed by western blotting. PC3/nKR cells showed the selective secretion of NKG2D ligand 2, HLA-A, and IL-6, which may contribute to their NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity resistance, and had a high secretion of crk protein, which may contribute to their high migration and invasion properties. Based on our secretome analysis, we propose that PC3/nKR cells represent a new cell system for studying the metastasis and progression of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Mi Jeon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Kwang Kwon
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ann-Yae Na
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Sung
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Je Cho
- College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mirae Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Su Yea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - So Young Chun
- Joint Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: ;
| | - Sangkyu Lee
- BK21 Plus KNU Multi-Omics Based Creative Drug Research Team, College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail: ;
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11
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Weidle UH, Epp A, Birzele F, Brinkmann U. The Functional Role of Prostate Cancer Metastasis-related Micro-RNAs. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2019; 16:1-19. [PMID: 30587496 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality of patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer can be ascribed to a large degree to metastasis to distant organs, predominantly to the bones. In this review, we discuss the contribution of micro-RNAs (miRs) to the metastatic process of prostate cancer. The criteria for selection of miRs for this review were the availability of preclinical in vivo metastasis-related data in conjunction with prognostic clinical data. Depending on their function in the metastatic process, the corresponding miRs are up- or down-regulated in prostate cancer tissues when compared to matching normal tissues. Up-regulated miRs preferentially target suppressors of cytokine signaling or tumor suppressor-related genes and metastasis-inhibitory transcription factors. Down-regulated miRs promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition or mesenchymal-epithelial transition and diverse pro-metastatic signaling pathways. Some of the discussed miRs exert their function by simultaneously targeting epigenetic pathways as well as cell-cycle-related, anti-apoptotic and signaling-promoting targets. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic options for the treatment of prostate cancer-related metastases by substitution or inhibition of miRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Epp
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Brinkmann
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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12
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Wang HH, Hsu YH, Chang MS. IL-20 bone diseases involvement and therapeutic target potential. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:38. [PMID: 29690863 PMCID: PMC5913811 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0439-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Millions of people around the world suffer from bone disorders, likes osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and cancer-induced osteolysis. In general, the bone remodeling balance is determined by osteoclasts and osteoblasts, respectively responsible for bone resorption and bone formation. Excessive inflammation disturbs the activities of these two kinds of cells, typically resulting in the bone loss. MAIN BODY IL-20 is emerging as a potent angiogenic, chemotactic, and proinflammatory cytokine related to several chronic inflammatory disorders likes psoriasis, atherosclerosis, cancer, liver fibrosis, and RA. IL-20 has an important role in the regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis and is upregulated in several bone-related diseases. The anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody treatment has a therapeutic potential in several experimental disease models including ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis, cancer-induced osteolysis, and bone fracture. CONCLUSION This review article provides an overview describing the IL-20's biological functions in the common bone disorders and thus providing a novel therapeutic strategy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Hsuan Wang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Hsu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shi Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan.
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13
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Yin X, Yu J, Zhou Y, Wang C, Jiao Z, Qian Z, Sun H, Chen B. Identification of CDK2 as a novel target in treatment of prostate cancer. Future Oncol 2018; 14:709-718. [PMID: 29323532 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2017-0561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aims the potential gene involved in the metastasis of prostate cancer (Pca). METHODS PubMed GEO datasets (GSE6605 and GSE6606) were downloaded. We used multiple bioinformatics methods to screen differentially expressed genes in Pca. Gene network was built by STRING and visualized by Cytoscape. All of the hub genes were analyzed by cBioPortal. Inhibition of CDK2 including siRNA, inhibitor and cas9-induced CDK2 knockout was followed by an invasion assay. Downstream genes of CDK2 were analyzed by western blot. RESULTS Sequencing data were analyzed to screen the genes with expression alterations. The top genes were validated in our samples. 11 hub genes were screened out. Among these genes, STAT3 and CDK2 were significantly associated with recurrence. Further study suggested that inhibition of CDK2 reduced invasion of Pca cell lines. The invasion ability was rescued after reintroduction of CDK2. CONCLUSION These data indicated that CDK2 was a crucial factor in metastasis of Pca and might be a novel therapy target. [Formula: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Yin
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengyue Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhimin Jiao
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhounan Qian
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Binghai Chen
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Sung Y, Park S, Park SJ, Jeong J, Choi M, Lee J, Kwon W, Jang S, Lee MH, Kim DJ, Liu K, Kim SH, Lee JH, Ha YS, Kwon TG, Lee S, Dong Z, Ryoo ZY, Kim MO. Jazf1 promotes prostate cancer progression by activating JNK/Slug. Oncotarget 2017; 9:755-765. [PMID: 29416651 PMCID: PMC5787507 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 (Jazf1) is a zinc finger protein and is known to affect both prostate cancer and type 2 diabetes. Jazf1 inhibits testicular nuclear receptor 4 (TR4) activation through protein-protein interaction, which results in weight loss and alleviates diabetes. However, the role of Jazf1 in prostate cancer is still poorly understood. Hence, we investigated whether the expression of Jazf1 is associated with prostate cancer progression. We confirmed the upregulation of Jazf1 expression in human prostate tissue samples. In addition, using Jazf1 overexpressing prostate cancer cell lines, DU145 and LNCaP, we found Jazf1 promoted cell proliferation and colony formation ability. We also observed that Jazf1 dramatically enhanced cell migration and invasion in transwell assays. Additionally, we checked the upregulation of vimentin and downregulation of E-cadherin expression in Jazf1-overexpressing DU145 and LNCaP cells. Moreover, we found that Slug, which is known to be regulated by JNK/c-Jun phosphorylation, was upregulated in the microarray analysis of two prostate cancer cell lines. Jazf1 promotes the phosphorylation of JNK/c-Jun, likely promoting cell proliferation and invasion through Slug. In a xenograft model, tumors overexpressing Jazf1 were larger than control tumors, and tumors with decreased Jazf1 were smaller. These data indicated that Jazf1 enhances prostate cancer progression and metastasis via regulating JNK/Slug signaling. Taken together, these results suggest that Jazf1 plays an important role in both androgen dependent and independent prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghun Sung
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Park
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Core Protein Resources Center, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Jun Park
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jain Jeong
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjee Choi
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhee Lee
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Wookbong Kwon
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Jang
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Kangdong Liu
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sung-Hyun Kim
- China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jae-Ho Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Dalseo-gu, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Buk-gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Buk-gu, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sanggyu Lee
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, NE, Austin, Minnesota, USA
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative Bio Research Group, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Buk-ku, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- The School of Animal BT Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
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