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Popa-Ion DA, Boldeanu L, Gheonea DI, Denicu MM, Boldeanu MV, Chiuțu LC. Anesthesia Medication's Impacts on Inflammatory and Neuroendocrine Immune Response in Patients Undergoing Digestive Endoscopy. Clin Pract 2024; 14:1171-1184. [PMID: 38921271 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract14030093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the impact of anesthetic drugs currently used to perform lower digestive endoscopy on serum concentrations of inflammation markers and catecholamines. We selected 120 patients and divided them into three lots of 40 patients each: L1, in which no anesthetics were used; L2, in which propofol was used; and L3, in which propofol combined with fentanyl was used. All patients had serum concentrations of adrenaline/epinephrine (EPI), noradrenaline/norepinephrine (NE), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, taken at three time points: at the beginning of the endoscopic procedure (T0), 15 min after (T1), and 2 h after the end of the endoscopic procedure (T2). The results of the research showed changes in the levels of catecholamines and interleukins (ILs) at T0, with an increased response in L1 above the mean recorded in L2 and L3 (p < 0.001). At T1, increased values were recorded in all lots; values were significantly higher in L1. At T2, the values recorded in L3 were significantly lower than the values in L2 (student T, p < 0.001) and L1, in which the level of these markers continued to increase, reaching double values compared to T0 (student T, p < 0.001). In L2 at T1, the dose of propofol correlated much better with NE, EPI, and well-known cytokines. Our results show that propofol combined with fentanyl can significantly inhibit the activation of systemic immune and neuroendocrine response during painless lower digestive endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisa-Ancuța Popa-Ion
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Lidia Boldeanu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dan-Ionuț Gheonea
- Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Madalina Maria Denicu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Mihail Virgil Boldeanu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Luminița Cristina Chiuțu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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Browne DJ, Miller CM, Doolan DL. Technical pitfalls when collecting, cryopreserving, thawing, and stimulating human T-cells. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1382192. [PMID: 38812513 PMCID: PMC11133553 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
The collection, cryopreservation, thawing, and culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) can profoundly influence T cell viability and immunogenicity. Gold-standard PBMC processing protocols have been developed by the Office of HIV/AIDS Network Coordination (HANC); however, these protocols are not universally observed. Herein, we have explored the current literature assessing how technical variation during PBMC processing can influence cellular viability and T cell immunogenicity, noting inconsistent findings between many of these studies. Amid the mounting concerns over scientific replicability, there is growing acknowledgement that improved methodological rigour and transparent reporting is required to facilitate independent reproducibility. This review highlights that in human T cell studies, this entails adopting stringent standardised operating procedures (SOPs) for PBMC processing. We specifically propose the use of HANC's Cross-Network PBMC Processing SOP, when collecting and cryopreserving PBMCs, and the HANC member network International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) PBMC Thawing SOP when thawing PBMCs. These stringent and detailed protocols include comprehensive reporting procedures to document unavoidable technical variations, such as delayed processing times. Additionally, we make further standardisation and reporting recommendations to minimise and document variability during this critical experimental period. This review provides a detailed overview of the challenges inherent to a procedure often considered routine, highlighting the importance of carefully considering each aspect of SOPs for PBMC collection, cryopreservation, thawing, and culture to ensure accurate interpretation and comparison between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Browne
- Centre for Molecular Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Catherine M. Miller
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Denise L. Doolan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
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Novac MB, Boldeanu L, Dijmărescu AL, Boldeanu MV, Neamțu SD, Radu L, Manolea MM, Șerbănescu MS, Stoica M, Rotaru LT, Văduva CC. Immune Responses of Healthy Pregnant Women following an Elective Cesarean Section: Effects of Anesthetic Procedures. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:880. [PMID: 38732295 PMCID: PMC11083323 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14090880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A weakened immune system and more inflammatory cytokines being released are possible effects of the surgical stress that a cesarean section induces. This kind of reaction, in addition to the altered reaction to catecholamines, has the potential to significantly affect the immune system of the mother and the patients' general postoperative course. This prospective study compared the plasma levels of catecholamines and cytokines in healthy pregnant patients having cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia. A total of 30 pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean sections were divided into two groups: 15 who received general anesthesia (GA) and 15 who received spinal anesthesia (SA). Blood samples were collected from all subjects before anesthesia induction (pre-OP), 6 h postoperatively (6 h post-OP), and 12 h (12 h post-OP), to measure levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, IL-4, IL-10, norepinephrine (NE), and epinephrine (EPI). When we compared the two groups, we discovered that only IL-6 and IL-4 had significantly higher levels pre-OP, whereas all studied cytokines exhibited an increase in the GA versus SA group at 6 and 12 h post-OP. In the case of catecholamines, we discovered that serum levels are positively related with pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory cytokines, depending on the time of day and type of anesthetic drugs. Compared to SA, GA has a more consistent effect on the inflammatory response and catecholamine levels. The findings of this study confirm that the type of anesthesia can alter postoperative immunomodulation to various degrees via changes in cytokine and catecholamine production. SA could be a preferable choice for cesarean section because it is an anesthetic method that reduces perioperative stress and allows for less opioid administration, impacting cytokine production with proper immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Bogdan Novac
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.B.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Lidia Boldeanu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Anda Lorena Dijmărescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.L.D.); (M.M.M.); (C.-C.V.)
| | - Mihail Virgil Boldeanu
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Simona Daniela Neamțu
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Lucreţiu Radu
- Department of Hygiene, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Maria Magdalena Manolea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.L.D.); (M.M.M.); (C.-C.V.)
| | - Mircea-Sebastian Șerbănescu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Maria Stoica
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (M.B.N.); (M.S.)
| | - Luciana Teodora Rotaru
- Department of Emergency Medicine and First Aid, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania;
| | - Constantin-Cristian Văduva
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania; (A.L.D.); (M.M.M.); (C.-C.V.)
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Schlotheuber LJ, Lüchtefeld I, Eyer K. Antibodies, repertoires and microdevices in antibody discovery and characterization. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:1207-1225. [PMID: 38165819 PMCID: PMC10898418 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00887h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic antibodies are paramount in treating a wide range of diseases, particularly in auto-immunity, inflammation and cancer, and novel antibody candidates recognizing a vast array of novel antigens are needed to expand the usefulness and applications of these powerful molecules. Microdevices play an essential role in this challenging endeavor at various stages since many general requirements of the overall process overlap nicely with the general advantages of microfluidics. Therefore, microfluidic devices are rapidly taking over various steps in the process of new candidate isolation, such as antibody characterization and discovery workflows. Such technologies can allow for vast improvements in time-lines and incorporate conservative antibody stability and characterization assays, but most prominently screenings and functional characterization within integrated workflows due to high throughput and standardized workflows. First, we aim to provide an overview of the challenges of developing new therapeutic candidates, their repertoires and requirements. Afterward, this review focuses on the discovery of antibodies using microfluidic systems, technological aspects of micro devices and small-scale antibody protein characterization and selection, as well as their integration and implementation into antibody discovery workflows. We close with future developments in microfluidic detection and antibody isolation principles and the field in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Johannes Schlotheuber
- ETH Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Ines Lüchtefeld
- ETH Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
- ETH Laboratory for Tumor and Stem Cell Dynamics, Institute of Molecular Health Sciences, D-BIOL, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Klaus Eyer
- ETH Laboratory for Functional Immune Repertoire Analysis, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, D-CHAB, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Xu Y, Wu KC, Jiang W, Hou Y, Cheow LF, Lee VHF, Chen CH. Single-Cell Secretion Analysis via Microfluidic Cell Membrane Immunosorbent Assay for Immune Profiling. Anal Chem 2024; 96:49-58. [PMID: 38109488 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell multiplexed phenotypic analysis expands the biomarkers for diagnosis, heralding a new era of precision medicine. Cell secretions are the primary measures of immune function, but single-cell screening remains challenging. Here, a novel cell membrane-based assay was developed using cholesterol-linked antibodies (CLAbs), integrating immunosorbent assays and droplet microfluidics to develop a flexible high-throughput single-cell secretion assay for multiplexed phenotyping. CLAb-grafted single cells were encapsulated in water-in-oil droplets to capture their own secretions. Subsequently, the cells were extracted from droplets for fluorescence labeling and screening. Multiple secretions and surface proteins were simultaneously measured from single cells by flow cytometry. To validate the approach, THP-1 cells, THP-1-derived M1 macrophages, and dendritic cells were assayed, indicating the differentiation efficiency of THP-1 cells under different chemical stimulations. Moreover, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors under various stimuli showed varied active immune cell populations (6.62-47.14%). The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients were analyzed to identify a higher percentage of actively cytokine-secreted single cells in the basal state (2.82 ± 1.48%), compared with that in the health donors (0.70 ± 0.29%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ka-Chun Wu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Laboratory for Synthetic Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Wenxin Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Lih Feng Cheow
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Victor Ho-Fun Lee
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Chia-Hung Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen 518057, China
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