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Bian X, Li M, Liu X, Zhu Y, Li J, Bergen PJ, Li W, Li X, Feng M, Zhang J. Transcriptomic investigations of polymyxins and colistin/sulbactam combination against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:2595-2605. [PMID: 39006922 PMCID: PMC11245955 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is a Priority 1 (Critical) pathogen urgently requiring new antibiotics. Polymyxins are a last-line option against CRAB-associated infections. This transcriptomic study utilized a CRAB strain to investigate mechanisms of bacterial killing with polymyxin B, colistin, colistin B, and colistin/sulbactam combination therapy. After 4 h of 2 mg/L polymyxin monotherapy, all polymyxins exhibited common transcriptomic responses which primarily involved disruption to amino acid and fatty acid metabolism. Of the three monotherapies, polymyxin B induced the greatest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including for genes involved with fatty acid metabolism. Gene disturbances with colistin and colistin B were highly similar (89 % common genes for colistin B), though effects on gene expression were generally lower (0-1.5-fold in most cases) with colistin B. Colistin alone (2 mg/L) or combined with sulbactam (64 mg/L) resulted in rapid membrane disruption as early as 1 h. Transcriptomic analysis of this combination revealed that the effects were driven by colistin, which included disturbances in fatty acid synthesis and catabolism, and inhibition of nutrient uptake. Combination therapy produced substantially higher fold changes in 72 % of DEGs shared with monotherapy, leading to substantially greater reductions in fatty acid biosynthesis and increases in biofilm, cell wall, and phospholipid synthesis. This indicates synergistic bacterial killing with the colistin/sulbactam combination results from a systematic increase in perturbation of many genes associated with bacterial metabolism. These mechanistic insights enhance our understanding of bacterial responses to polymyxin mono- and combination therapy and will assist to optimize polymyxin use in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingchen Bian
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of biological medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, China
- Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofen Liu
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
| | - Jian Li
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Phillip J Bergen
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Wanzhen Li
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Li
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meiqing Feng
- Department of biological medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Institute of Antibiotics, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology of Antibiotics, Shanghai, China
- National Health Commission & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Cui R, Zhang J, Liu X, Hu C, Zhou F, Zhang M, Wang X, Zou Q, Huang W. Dronedarone Enhances the Antibacterial Activity of Polymyxin B and Inhibits the Quorum Sensing System by Interacting with LuxS. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:961-970. [PMID: 38317424 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is considered an appealing target for interference with bacterial infections. β-Adrenergic blockers are promising anti-QS agents but do not have antibacterial activity. We assessed the potential ability of adrenergic receptor inhibitors to enhance the antibacterial activity of polymyxin B (PB) against Klebsiella pneumoniae and determined that dronedarone has the most potent activity both in vitro and in vivo. We found that dronedarone increases the thermal stability of LuxS, decreases the production of AI-2, and affects the biofilm formation of K. pneumoniae. We also identified the direct binding of dronedarone to LuxS. However, the mechanism by which dronedarone enhances the antibacterial activity of PB has not been elucidated and is worthy of further exploration. Our study provides a basis for the future development of drug combination regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqin Cui
- Antimicrobial Drug Screening Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xiaodi Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
| | - Chunxia Hu
- Antimicrobial Drug Screening Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
| | - Fan Zhou
- Antimicrobial Drug Screening Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
| | - Min Zhang
- Antimicrobial Drug Screening Laboratory, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
| | - Quanming Zou
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518020, Guangdong China
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3
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Hussein M, Sun Z, Hawkey J, Allobawi R, Judd LM, Carbone V, Sharma R, Thombare V, Baker M, Rao GG, Li J, Holt KE, Velkov T. High-level nitrofurantoin resistance in a clinical isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae: a comparative genomics and metabolomics analysis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0097223. [PMID: 38078757 PMCID: PMC10805014 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00972-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nitrofurantoin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by the problematic multidrug resistant Gram-negative pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae. The present study aims to elucidate the mechanism of nitrofurantoin action and high-level resistance in K. pneumoniae using whole-genome sequencing (WGS), qPCR analysis, mutation structural modeling and untargeted metabolomic analysis. WGS profiling of evolved highly resistant mutants (nitrofurantoin minimum inhibitory concentrations > 256 mg/L) revealed modified expression of several genes related to membrane transport (porin ompK36 and efflux pump regulator oqxR) and nitroreductase activity (ribC and nfsB, involved in nitrofurantoin reduction). Untargeted metabolomics analysis of total metabolites extracted at 1 and 4 h post-nitrofurantoin treatment revealed that exposure to the drug caused a delayed effect on the metabolome which was most pronounced after 4 h. Pathway enrichment analysis illustrated that several complex interrelated metabolic pathways related to nitrofurantoin bacterial killing (aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, purine metabolism, central carbohydrate metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis) and the development of nitrofurantoin resistance (riboflavin metabolism) were significantly perturbed. This study highlights for the first time the key role of efflux pump regulator oqxR in nitrofurantoin resistance and reveals global metabolome perturbations in response to nitrofurantoin, in K. pneumoniae.IMPORTANCEA quest for novel antibiotics and revitalizing older ones (such as nitrofurantoin) for treatment of difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacterial infections has become increasingly popular. The precise antibacterial activity of nitrofurantoin is still not fully understood. Furthermore, although the prevalence of nitrofurantoin resistance remains low currently, the drug's fast-growing consumption worldwide highlights the need to comprehend the emerging resistance mechanisms. Here, we used multidisciplinary techniques to discern the exact mechanism of nitrofurantoin action and high-level resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae, a common cause of urinary tract infections for which nitrofurantoin is the recommended treatment. We found that the expression of multiple genes related to membrane transport (including active efflux and passive diffusion of drug molecules) and nitroreductase activity was modified in nitrofurantoin-resistant strains, including oqxR, the transcriptional regulator of the oqxAB efflux pump. Furthermore, complex interconnected metabolic pathways that potentially govern the nitrofurantoin-killing mechanisms (e.g., aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis) and nitrofurantoin resistance (riboflavin metabolism) were significantly inhibited following nitrofurantoin treatment. Our study could help inform the improvement of nitrofuran derivatives, the development of new pharmacophores, or drug combinations to support the resurgence of nitrofurantoin in the management of multidrug resistant K. pneumouniae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytham Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute,Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Zetao Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Hawkey
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rafah Allobawi
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute,Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise M. Judd
- Doherty Applied Microbial Genomics (DAMG), 12 Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vincenzo Carbone
- AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Center, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Rajnikant Sharma
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Varsha Thombare
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute,Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Baker
- Discipline of Biological 17 Sciences, Priority Research Center in Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Science and IT, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gauri G. Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute,Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kathryn E. Holt
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Tony Velkov
- Department of Pharmacology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute,Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Hussein M, Allobawi R, Zhao J, Yu H, Neville SL, Wilksch J, Wong LJM, Baker M, McDevitt CA, Rao GG, Li J, Velkov T. Integrated Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Mapping Reveals the Mechanism of Action of Ceftazidime/Avibactam against Pan-Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2409-2422. [PMID: 37878861 PMCID: PMC10714405 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Here, we employed an integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics approach to investigate the molecular mechanism(s) of action of ceftazidime/avibactam against a pan-drug-resistant K. pneumoniae clinical isolate from a patient with urinary tract infection. Ceftazidime/avibactam induced time-dependent perturbations in the metabolome and transcriptome of the bacterium, mainly at 6 h, with minimal effects at 1 and 3 h. Metabolomics analysis revealed a notable reduction in essential lipids involved in outer membrane glycerolipid biogenesis. This disruption effect extended to peptidoglycan and lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic pathways, including lipid A and O-antigen assembly. Importantly, ceftazidime/avibactam not only affected the final steps of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the periplasm, a common mechanism of ceftazidime action, but also influenced the synthesis of lipid-linked intermediates and early stages of cytoplasmic peptidoglycan synthesis. Furthermore, ceftazidime/avibactam substantially inhibited central carbon metabolism (e.g., the pentose phosphate pathway and tricarboxylic acid cycle). Consistently, the dysregulation of genes governing these metabolic pathways aligned with the metabolomics findings. Certain metabolomics and transcriptomics signatures associated with ceftazidime resistance were also perturbed. Consistent with the primary target of antibiotic activity, biochemical assays also confirmed the direct impact of ceftazidime/avibactam on peptidoglycan production. This study explored the intricate interactions of ceftazidime and avibactam within bacterial cells, including their impact on cell envelope biogenesis and central carbon metabolism. Our findings revealed the complexities of how ceftazidime/avibactam operates, such as hindering peptidoglycan formation in different cellular compartments. In summary, this study confirms the existing hypotheses about the antibacterial and resistance mechanisms of ceftazidime/avibactam while uncovering novel insights, including its impact on lipopolysaccharide formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytham Hussein
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Rafah Allobawi
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jinxin Zhao
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Heidi Yu
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Stephanie L. Neville
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jonathan Wilksch
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Labell J. M. Wong
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Mark Baker
- Discipline
of Biological Sciences, Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Biology,
Faculty of Science and IT, University of
Newcastle, University
Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Christopher A. McDevitt
- Department
of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection
and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Gauri G. Rao
- Division
of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School
of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7355, United
States
| | - Jian Li
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Monash
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
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Sosa L, Espinoza LC, Valarezo E, Bozal N, Calpena A, Fábrega MJ, Baldomà L, Rincón M, Mallandrich M. Therapeutic Applications of Essential Oils from Native and Cultivated Ecuadorian Plants: Cutaneous Candidiasis and Dermal Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:5903. [PMID: 37570874 PMCID: PMC10420932 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are a complex mixture of aromatic substances whose pharmacological actions, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, have been widely reported. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-Candida and dermal anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils from native and cultivated Ecuadorian plants. Essential oils from Bursera graveolens, Dacryodes peruviana, Mespilodaphne quixos, and Melaleuca armillaris were isolated by hydrodistillation and were characterized physically and chemically. Its tolerance was analyzed by in vitro and in vivo studies. The antifungal activity was studied against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida parapsilosis, whereas the anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated by a mouse ear edema model. The main compounds were limonene, α-phellandrene, (E)-methyl cinnamate, and 1,8-cineole, respectively. All essential oils showed high tolerability for skin application, antifungal activity against the three Candida strains, and anti-inflammatory efficacy by decreasing edema and overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Dacryodes peruviana essential oil showed the highest antifungal activity. On the other hand, Dacryodes peruviana and Melaleuca armillaris showed the greatest anti-inflammatory potential, decreasing edema by 53.3% and 65.25%, respectively, and inhibiting the overexpression of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-17A, and IL-23. The results suggest that these essential oils could be used as alternative therapies in the treatment of both cutaneous candidiasis and dermal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Sosa
- Microbiological Research Institute (IIM), National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras;
- Research Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras
| | - Lupe Carolina Espinoza
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (L.C.E.); (E.V.)
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Eduardo Valarezo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 1101608, Ecuador; (L.C.E.); (E.V.)
| | - Núria Bozal
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ana Calpena
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Departament Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Físicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - María-José Fábrega
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Parc of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Pompeu Fabra University, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Laura Baldomà
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - María Rincón
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mireia Mallandrich
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Departament Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Físicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l’Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Ren Q, Luo W, Chi H, Zhang L, Chen W. Down-regulation of β-lactam antibiotics resistance and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis is associated with isookanin. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1139796. [PMID: 37234778 PMCID: PMC10206261 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1139796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Biofilm formation is the major pathogenicity of Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis), which enhances bacterial resistance to antibiotics. Isookanin has potential inhibitory activity on biofilm. Method The inhibiting mechanisms of isookanin against biofilm formation through surface hydrophobicity assay, exopolysaccharides, eDNA, gene expression analysis, microscopic visualization, and molecular docking were explored. Additionally, the combination of isookanin and β-lactam antibiotics were evaluated by the broth micro-checkerboard assay. Results The results showed that isookanin could decrease the biofilm formation of S. epidermidis by ≥85% at 250 μg/mL. The exopolysaccharides, eDNA and surface hydrophobicity were reduced after treatment with isookanin. Microscopic visualization analysis showed that there were fewer bacteria on the surface of the microscopic coverslip and the bacterial cell membrane was damaged after treatment with isookanin. The down-regulation of icaB and up-regulation of icaR were observed after treatment with isookanin. Additionally, the RNAIII gene was significantly up-regulated (p < 0.0001) at the mRNA level. Molecular docking showed that isookanin could bind to biofilm-related proteins. This indicated that isookanin can affect biofilm formation at the initial attachment phase and the aggregation phase. The FICI index showed that the combination of isookanin and β-lactam antibiotics were synergistic and could reduce doses of antibiotics by inhibiting biofilm formation. Discussion This study improved the antibiotic susceptibility of S. epidermidis through inhibition of the biofilm formation, and provided a guidance for the treatment of antibiotic resistance caused by biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wanhe Luo
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Haoming Chi
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps, College of Life Sciences and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang, China
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Pérez-González N, Espinoza LC, Rincón M, Sosa L, Mallandrich M, Suñer-Carbó J, Bozal-de Febrer N, Calpena AC, Clares-Naveros B. Gel Formulations with an Echinocandin for Cutaneous Candidiasis: The Influence of Azone and Transcutol on Biopharmaceutical Features. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040308. [PMID: 37102920 PMCID: PMC10138157 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspofungin is a drug that is used for fungal infections that are difficult to treat, including invasive aspergillosis and candidemia, as well as other forms of invasive candidiasis. The aim of this study was to incorporate Azone in a caspofungin gel (CPF-AZ-gel) and compare it with a promoter-free caspofungin gel (CPF-gel). An in vitro release study using a polytetrafluoroethylene membrane and ex vivo permeation into human skin was adopted. The tolerability properties were confirmed by histological analysis, and an evaluation of the biomechanical properties of the skin was undertaken. Antimicrobial efficacy was determined against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida tropicalis. CPF-AZ-gel and CPF-gel, which had a homogeneous appearance, pseudoplastic behavior, and high spreadability, were obtained. The biopharmaceutical studies confirmed that caspofungin was released following a one-phase exponential association model and the CPF-AZ gel showed a higher release. The CPF-AZ gel showed higher retention of caspofungin in the skin while limiting the diffusion of the drug to the receptor fluid. Both formulations were well-tolerated in the histological sections, as well as after their topical application in the skin. These formulations inhibited the growth of C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis, while C. albicans showed resistance. In summary, dermal treatment with caspofungin could be used as a promising therapy for cutaneous candidiasis in patients that are refractory or intolerant to conventional antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Pérez-González
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | | | - María Rincón
- Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), C. Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lilian Sosa
- Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, National Autonomous University of Honduras (UNAH), Tegucigalpa 11101, Honduras
| | - Mireia Mallandrich
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Suñer-Carbó
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Bozal-de Febrer
- Departament de Biologia, Sanitat i Medi Ambient, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Cristina Calpena
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Farmàcia, Tecnologia Farmacèutica, i Fisicoquímica, Facultat de Farmàcia i Ciències de l'Alimentació, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Clares-Naveros
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
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Hussein M, Jasim R, Gocol H, Baker M, Thombare VJ, Ziogas J, Purohit A, Rao GG, Li J, Velkov T. Comparative Proteomics of Outer Membrane Vesicles from Polymyxin-Susceptible and Extremely Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSphere 2023; 8:e0053722. [PMID: 36622250 PMCID: PMC9942579 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00537-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by Gram-negative bacteria serve as transporters for the delivery of cargo such as virulence and antibiotic resistance factors. OMVs play a key role in the defense against membrane-targeting antibiotics such as the polymyxin B. Herein, we conducted comparative proteomics of OMVs from paired Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700721 polymyxin-susceptible (polymyxin B MIC = 0.5 mg/L) and an extremely resistant (polymyxin B MIC ≥128 mg/L), following exposure to 2 mg/L of polymyxin B. Comparative profiling of the OMV subproteome of each strain revealed proteins from multiple perturbed pathways, particularly in the polymyxin-susceptible strain, including outer membrane assembly (lipopolysaccharide, O-antigen, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis), cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance, β-lactam resistance, and quorum sensing. In the polymyxin-susceptible strain, polymyxin B treatment reduced the expression of OMV proteins in the pathways related to adhesion, virulence, and the cell envelope stress responses, whereas, in the polymyxin-resistant strain, the proteins involved in LPS biosynthesis, RNA degradation, and nucleotide excision repair were significantly overexpressed in response to polymyxin B treatment. Intriguingly, the key polymyxin resistance enzymes 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose transferase and the PhoPQ two-component protein kinase were significantly downregulated in the OMVs of the polymyxin-susceptible strain. Additionally, a significant reduction in class A β-lactamase proteins was observed following polymyxin B treatment in the OMVs of both strains, particularly the OMVs of the polymyxin-susceptible strain. These findings shed new light on the OMV subproteome of extremely polymyxin resistant K. pneumoniae, which putatively may serve as active decoys to make the outer membrane more impervious to polymyxin attack. IMPORTANCE OMVs can help bacteria to fight antibiotics not only by spreading antibiotic resistance genes but also by acting as protective armor against antibiotics. By employing proteomics, we found that OMVs have a potential role in shielding K. pneumoniae and acting as decoys to polymyxin attack, through declining the export of proteins (e.g., 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose transferase) involved in polymyxin resistance. Furthermore, polymyxin B treatment of both strains leads to shedding of the OMVs with perturbed proteins involved in outer membrane remodeling (e.g., LPS biosynthesis) as well as pathogenic potential of K. pneumoniae (e.g., quorum sensing). The problematic extended spectrum beta-lactamases SHV and TEM were significantly reduced in both strains, suggesting that polymyxin B may act as a potentiator to sensitize the bacterium to β-lactam antibiotics. This study highlights the importance of OMVs as "molecular mules" for the intercellular transmission and delivery of resistance and cellular repair factors in the bacterial response to polymyxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytham Hussein
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raad Jasim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Hakan Gocol
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Baker
- Discipline of Biological Sciences, Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Science and IT, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Varsha J. Thombare
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Ziogas
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aayush Purohit
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gauri G. Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Koh Jing Jie A, Hussein M, Rao GG, Li J, Velkov T. Drug Repurposing Approaches towards Defeating Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens: Novel Polymyxin/Non-Antibiotic Combinations. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121420. [PMID: 36558754 PMCID: PMC9781023 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens remain an unmet public health threat. In recent times, increased rates of resistance have been reported not only to commonly used antibiotics, but also to the last-resort antibiotics, such as polymyxins. More worryingly, despite the current trends in resistance, there is a lack of new antibiotics in the drug-discovery pipeline. Hence, it is imperative that new strategies are developed to preserve the clinical efficacy of the current antibiotics, particularly the last-line agents. Combining conventional antibiotics such as polymyxins with non-antibiotics (or adjuvants), has emerged as a novel and effective strategy against otherwise untreatable MDR pathogens. This review explores the available literature detailing the latest polymyxin/non-antibiotic combinations, their mechanisms of action, and potential avenues to advance their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augustine Koh Jing Jie
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Maytham Hussein
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Gauri G. Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Colistin in Combination with Econazole against Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Its Persisters. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0093722. [PMID: 35467374 PMCID: PMC9241926 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00937-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colistin is a last-line antibiotic which acts by causing membrane permeabilization in Gram-negative bacteria. However, its clinical value has been limited by its toxicity and the emergence of resistant organisms. In this study, we showed that econazole and colistin can act synergistically to produce a strong antimicrobial effect sufficient for eradication of starvation-induced tolerant and multidrug-resistant populations of Acinetobacter baumannii, a notorious pathogen causing recalcitrant infections, both in vitro and in mouse infection models. Investigation of the underlying mechanism showed that, while colistin disrupts the membrane structure, econazole causes the dissipation of proton motive force, eliciting a vicious cycle of membrane structural damages and disruption of membrane protein functions, and eventually cell death. This drug combination therefore achieves our goal of using a much smaller dosage of colistin to produce a much stronger antimicrobial effect to tackle the problems of toxicity and resistance associated with colistin usage. IMPORTANCE Findings described in this study constitute concrete evidence that it is possible to significantly enhance the antimicrobial activity of colistin by using an antifungal drug, econazole, as a colistin adjuvant. We showed that this drug combination can kill not only multidrug-resistant A. baumannii but also the tolerant subpopulation of such strains known as persisters, which may cause chronic and recurrent infections in clinical settings. The synergistic killing effect of the econazole and colistin combination was also observable in mouse infection models at a very low concentration, suggesting that such a drug combination has high potential to be used clinically. Findings in this study therefore have important implications for enhancing its clinical application potential as well as developing new approaches to enhance treatment effectiveness and reduce suffering in patients.
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