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Bhattacharjee A, Sahoo OS, Sarkar A, Bhattacharya S, Chowdhury R, Kar S, Mukherjee O. Infiltration to infection: key virulence players of Helicobacter pylori pathogenicity. Infection 2024; 52:345-384. [PMID: 38270780 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-023-02159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to comprehensively review the multifaceted factors underlying the successful colonization and infection process of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a prominent Gram-negative pathogen in humans. The focus is on elucidating the functions, mechanisms, genetic regulation, and potential cross-interactions of these elements. METHODS Employing a literature review approach, this study examines the intricate interactions between H. pylori and its host. It delves into virulence factors like VacA, CagA, DupA, Urease, along with phase variable genes, such as babA, babC, hopZ, etc., giving insights about the bacterial perspective of the infection The association of these factors with the infection has also been added in the form of statistical data via Funnel and Forest plots, citing the potential of the virulence and also adding an aspect of geographical biasness to the virulence factors. The biochemical characteristics and clinical relevance of these factors and their effects on host cells are individually examined, both comprehensively and statistically. RESULTS H. pylori is a Gram-negative, spiral bacterium that successfully colonises the stomach of more than half of the world's population, causing peptic ulcers, gastric cancer, MALT lymphoma, and other gastro-duodenal disorders. The clinical outcomes of H. pylori infection are influenced by a complex interplay between virulence factors and phase variable genes produced by the infecting strain and the host genetic background. A meta-analysis of the prevalence of all the major virulence factors has also been appended. CONCLUSION This study illuminates the diverse elements contributing to H. pylori's colonization and infection. The interplay between virulence factors, phase variable genes, and host genetics determines the outcome of the infection. Despite biochemical insights into many factors, their comprehensive regulation remains an understudied area. By offering a panoramic view of these factors and their functions, this study enhances understanding of the bacterium's perspective, i.e. H. pylori's journey from infiltration to successful establishment within the host's stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghyadeep Bhattacharjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
- Department of Microbiology, Kingston College of Science, Beruanpukuria, Barasat, West Bengal, 700219, India
| | - Om Saswat Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Ahana Sarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Saurabh Bhattacharya
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O.B. 12272, 9112001, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rukhsana Chowdhury
- School of Biological Sciences, RKM Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute Narendrapur, Kolkata, India
| | - Samarjit Kar
- Department of Mathematics, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India
| | - Oindrilla Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur, West Bengal, 713209, India.
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Gasser MT, Liu A, Altamia M, Brensinger BR, Brewer SL, Flatau R, Hancock ER, Preheim SP, Filone CM, Distel DL. Outer membrane vesicles can contribute to cellulose degradation in Teredinibacter turnerae, a cultivable intracellular endosymbiont of shipworms. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.27.587001. [PMID: 38585906 PMCID: PMC10996688 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Teredinibacter turnerae is a cultivable cellulolytic Gammaproeteobacterium (Cellvibrionaceae) that commonly occurs as an intracellular endosymbiont in the gills of wood-eating bivalves of the family Teredinidae (shipworms). The genome of T. turnerae encodes a broad range of enzymes that deconstruct cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin and contribute to lignocellulose digestion in the shipworm gut. However, the mechanism by which symbiont-made enzymes are secreted by T. turnerae and subsequently transported to the site of lignocellulose digestion in the shipworm gut is incompletely understood. Here, we show that T. turnerae cultures grown on carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that contain a variety of proteins identified by LC-MS/MS as carbohydrate-active enzymes with predicted activities against cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin. Reducing sugar assays and zymography confirm that these OMVs retain cellulolytic activity, as evidenced by hydrolysis of CMC. Additionally, these OMVs were enriched with TonB-dependent receptors, which are essential to carbohydrate and iron acquisition by free-living bacteria. These observations suggest potential roles for OMVs in lignocellulose utilization by T. turnerae in the free-living state, in enzyme transport and host interaction during symbiotic association, and in commercial applications such as lignocellulosic biomass conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark T. Gasser
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Annie Liu
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Marvin Altamia
- Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA 01908
| | - Bryan R. Brensinger
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Sarah L. Brewer
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Ron Flatau
- Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA 01908
| | - Eric R. Hancock
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | | | - Claire Marie Filone
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, Maryland, USA 20723
| | - Dan L. Distel
- Ocean Genome Legacy Center, Northeastern University, Nahant, Massachusetts, USA 01908
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Yu MSC, Chiang DM, Reithmair M, Meidert A, Brandes F, Schelling G, Ludwig C, Meng C, Kirchner B, Zenner C, Muller L, Pfaffl MW. The proteome of bacterial membrane vesicles in Escherichia coli-a time course comparison study in two different media. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1361270. [PMID: 38510998 PMCID: PMC10954253 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1361270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bacteria inhabit the in- and outside of the human body, such as skin, gut or the oral cavity where they play an innoxious, beneficial or even pathogenic role. It is well known that bacteria can secrete membrane vesicles (MVs) like eukaryotic cells with extracellular vesicles (EVs). Several studies indicate that bacterial membrane vesicles (bMVs) play a crucial role in microbiome-host interactions. However, the composition of such bMVs and their functionality under different culture conditions are still largely unknown. Methods To gain a better insight into bMVs, we investigated the composition and functionality of E. coli (DSM 105380) bMVs from the culture media Lysogeny broth (LB) and RPMI 1640 throughout the different phases of growth (lag-, log- and stationary-phase). bMVs from three time points (8 h, 54 h, and 168 h) and two media (LB and RPMI 1640) were isolated by ultracentrifugation and analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM), conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and mass spectrometry-based proteomics (LC-MS/MS). Furthermore, we examined pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-8 in the human monocyte cell line THP-1 upon bMV treatment. Results Particle numbers increased with inoculation periods. The bMV morphologies in Cryo-EM/TEM were similar at each time point and condition. Using proteomics, we identified 140 proteins, such as the common bMV markers OmpA and GroEL, present in bMVs isolated from both media and at all time points. Additionally, we were able to detect growth-condition-specific proteins. Treatment of THP-1 cells with bMVs of all six groups lead to significantly high IL-1β and IL-8 expressions. Conclusion Our study showed that the choice of medium and the duration of culturing significantly influence both E. coli bMV numbers and protein composition. Our TEM/Cryo-EM results demonstrated the presence of intact E. coli bMVs. Common E. coli proteins, including OmpA, GroEL, and ribosome proteins, can consistently be identified across all six tested growth conditions. Furthermore, our functional assays imply that bMVs isolated from the six groups retain their function and result in comparable cytokine induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mia S. C. Yu
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Dapi Menglin Chiang
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marlene Reithmair
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Agnes Meidert
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Brandes
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Gustav Schelling
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Chen Meng
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kirchner
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Zenner
- Intestinal Microbiome, ZIEL – Institute for Food & Health, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
| | - Laurent Muller
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael W. Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Freising, Germany
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Le LHM, Elgamoudi B, Colon N, Cramond A, Poly F, Ying L, Korolik V, Ferrero RL. Campylobacter jejuni extracellular vesicles harboring cytolethal distending toxin bind host cell glycans and induce cell cycle arrest in host cells. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0323223. [PMID: 38319111 PMCID: PMC10913475 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03232-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cytolethal distending toxins (CDTs) are released by Gram-negative pathogens into the extracellular medium as free toxin or associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs), commonly known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). CDT production by the gastrointestinal pathogen Campylobacter jejuni has been implicated in colorectal tumorigenesis. Despite CDT being a major virulence factor for C. jejuni, little is known about the EV-associated form of this toxin. To address this point, C. jejuni mutants lacking each of the three CDT subunits (A, B, and C) were generated. C. jejuni cdtA, cdtB, and cdtC bacteria released EVs in similar numbers and sizes to wild-type bacteria, ranging from 5 to 530 nm (mean ± SEM = 118 ±6.9 nm). As the CdtAC subunits mediate toxin binding to host cells, we performed "surface shearing" experiments, in which EVs were treated with proteinase K and incubated with host cells. These experiments indicated that CDT subunits are internal to EVs and that surface proteins are probably not involved in EV-host cell interactions. Furthermore, glycan array studies demonstrated that EVs bind complex host cell glycans and share receptor binding specificities with C. jejuni bacteria for fucosyl GM1 ganglioside, P1 blood group antigen, sialyl, and sulfated Lewisx. Finally, we show that EVs from C. jejuni WT but not mutant bacteria induce cell cycle arrest in epithelial cells. In conclusion, we propose that EVs are an important mechanism for CDT release by C. jejuni and are likely to play a significant role in toxin delivery to host cells. IMPORTANCE Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide and a significant cause of childhood mortality due to diarrheal disease in developing countries. A major factor by which C. jejuni causes disease is a toxin, called cytolethal distending toxin (CDT). The biology of this toxin, however, is poorly understood. In this study, we report that C. jejuni CDT is protected within membrane blebs, known as extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by the bacterium. We showed that proteins on the surfaces of EVs are not required for EV uptake by host cells. Furthermore, we identified several sugar receptors that may be required for EV binding to host cells. By studying the EV-associated form of C. jejuni CDT, we will gain a greater understanding of how C. jejuni intoxicates host cells and how EV-associated CDT may be used in various therapeutic applications, including as anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Hoang My Le
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bassam Elgamoudi
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nina Colon
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angus Cramond
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frederic Poly
- Enteric Diseases Department, Naval Medical Research Centre, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Le Ying
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victoria Korolik
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Richard L. Ferrero
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
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Mertes V, Saragliadis A, Mascherin E, Tysvær EB, Roos N, Linke D, Winther-Larsen HC. Recombinant expression of Yersinia ruckeri outer membrane proteins in Escherichia coli extracellular vesicles. Protein Expr Purif 2024; 215:106409. [PMID: 38040272 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2023.106409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is a common process in Gram-negative bacteria and can be exploited for biotechnological applications. EVs pose a self-adjuvanting, non-replicative vaccine platform, where membrane and antigens are presented to the host immune system in a non-infectious fashion. The secreted quantity of EVs varies between Gram-negative bacterial species and is comparatively high in the model bacterium E. coli. The outer membrane proteins OmpA and OmpF of the fish pathogen Y. ruckeri have been proposed as vaccine candidates to prevent enteric redmouth disease in aquaculture. In this work, Y.ruckeri OmpA or OmpF were expressed in E. coli and recombinant EVs were isolated. To avoid competition between endogenous E. coli OmpA or OmpF, Y. ruckeri OmpA and OmpF were expressed in E. coli strains lacking ompA, ompF, and in a quadruple knockout strain where the four major outer membrane protein genes ompA, ompC, ompF and lamB were removed. Y.ruckeri OmpA and OmpF were successfully expressed in EVs derived from the E. coli mutants as verified by SDS-PAGE, heat modifiability and proteomic analysis using mass-spectrometry. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of EVs in all E. coli strains, and increased EV concentrations were detected when expressing Y. ruckeri OmpA or OmpF in recombinant EVs compared to empty vector controls as verified by nanoparticle tracking analysis. These results show that E. coli can be utilized as a vector for production of EVs expressing outer membrane antigens from Y. ruckeri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Mertes
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Athanasios Saragliadis
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Elisa Mascherin
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Ellen-Beate Tysvær
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Norbert Roos
- Section for Physiology and Cell Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Dirk Linke
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanne C Winther-Larsen
- Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway.
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Jin M, Huo D, Sun J, Hu J, Liu S, Zhan M, Zhang BZ, Huang JD. Enhancing immune responses of ESC-based TAA cancer vaccines with a novel OMV delivery system. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:15. [PMID: 38166929 PMCID: PMC10763241 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Embryonic stem cell (ESC)-derived epitopes can act as therapeutic tumor vaccines against different types of tumors Jin (Adv Healthc Mater 2023). However, these epitopes have poor immunogenicity and stimulate insufficient CD8+ T cell responses, which motivated us to develop a new method to deliver and enhance their effectiveness. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can serve as immunoadjuvants and act as a delivery vector for tumor antigens. In the current study, we engineered a new OMV platform for the co-delivery of ESC-derived tumor antigens and immune checkpoint inhibitors (PD-L1 antibody). An engineered Staphylococcal Protein A (SpA) was created to non-specifically bind to anti-PD-L1 antibody. SpyCatcher (SpC) and SpA were fused into the cell outer membrane protein OmpA to capture SpyTag-attached peptides and PD-L1 antibody, respectively. The modified OMV was able to efficiently conjugate with ESC-derived TAAs and PD-L1 antibody (SpC-OMVs + SpT-peptides + anti-PD-L1), increasing the residence time of TAAs in the body. The results showed that the combination therapy of ESC-based TAAs and PD-L1 antibody delivered by OMV had significant inhibitory effects in mouse tumor model. Specifically, it was effective in reducing tumor growth by enhancing IFN-γ-CD8+ T cell responses and increasing the number of CD8+ memory cells and antigen-specific T cells. Overall, the new OMV delivery system is a versatile platform that can enhance the immune responses of ESC-based TAA cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Jin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Da Huo
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingjing Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Shuzhen Liu
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingshuo Zhan
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bao-Zhong Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Dong Huang
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Li Ka Shing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, China.
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Cancer Metastasis and Personalized Therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Blache A, Achouak W. Extraction and Purification of Outer Membrane Vesicles and Their Associated RNAs. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2741:11-24. [PMID: 38217646 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3565-0_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), produced by Gram negative-bacteria and sRNAs, are key players in cell-to-cell communication and interactions of bacteria with the environment. OMVs act as information carriers and encapsulate various molecules such as proteins, lipids, metabolites, and RNAs. OMVs and sRNAs play a broad range of functions from pathogenesis to stress resistance, to biofilm formation and both mediate interkingdom signaling. Various studies indicate that there is a mechanism of intercellular communication mediated by OMV-derived bacterial RNAs that is conserved among certain bacterial species. Here we describe methods for the extraction and purification of vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Pseudomonas brassicacearum and Escherichia coli, and address methods for the extraction of OMVs-derived sRNA and techniques for the analysis of sRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anaïs Blache
- CEA, CNRS, Aix Marseille University Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere (LEMiRE), UMR7265 BIAM, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Wafa Achouak
- CEA, CNRS, Aix Marseille University Lab of Microbial Ecology of the Rhizosphere (LEMiRE), UMR7265 BIAM, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France.
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Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound structures released by cells and have become significant players in immune system functioning, primarily by facilitating cell-to-cell communication. Immune cells like neutrophils and dendritic cells release EVs containing bioactive molecules that modulate chemotaxis, activate immune cells, and induce inflammation. EVs also contribute to antigen presentation, lymphocyte activation, and immune tolerance. Moreover, EVs play pivotal roles in antimicrobial host defense. They deliver microbial antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs), triggering immune responses, or act as decoys to neutralize virulence factors and toxins. This review discusses host and microbial EVs' multifaceted roles in innate and adaptive immunity, highlighting their involvement in immune cell development, antigen presentation, and antimicrobial responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Kumari
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Skylar S Wright
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vijay A Rathinam
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut Health School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Alaei M, Aghakhani F, Falsafi S, Mazaheri H, Behrouzi A. Introduce a novel post-biotic against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation using Escherchia coli Nissle1917 outer membrane vesicles. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:201. [PMID: 37689727 PMCID: PMC10493014 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06504-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that can cause acute infections as well as chronic ones in humans. The expression of algD and PpyR genes involved in biofilm formation in clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in the presence of Escherichia coli Nissle1917 outer membranes vesicles (EcN OMVs) was evaluated. All isolates were tested for biofilm formation. qPCR and disk diffusion were used to identify the expression of algD and PpyR genes, and antimicrobial resistance, respectively. EcN OMVs caused a more significant loss of algD and PpyR expression, compared with the control group. EcN OMVs contain a variety of biomolecules that are capable of influencing the biofilm formation genes. EcN OMVs treatment reduced P. aeruginosa biofilm formation significantly, which emphasizes their positive role in inhibiting biofilm formation. As a result, EcN OMVs can be used as new therapeutic strategies for inhibiting P. aeruginosa biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alaei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aghakhani
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sarvenaz Falsafi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoora Mazaheri
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ava Behrouzi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Science, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Jiang S, Fu W, Wang S, Zhu G, Wang J, Ma Y. Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Loaded with Perhexiline Suppress Tumor Development by Regulating Tumor-Associated Macrophages Repolarization in a Synergistic Way. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11222. [PMID: 37446401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumor development and metastasis and are categorized into M1-like macrophages, suppressing tumor cells, and M2-like macrophages. M2-like macrophages, occupying a major role in TAMs, can be repolarized into anti-tumoral phenotypes. In this study, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 carry perhexiline (OMV@Perhx) to explore the influence of OMVs and perhexiline on TAM repolarization. OMV@Perhx was internalized by macrophages and regulated the phenotype of TAMs from M2-like to M1-like efficiently to increase the level of tumor suppressor accordingly. Re-polarized macrophages promoted apoptosis and inhibited the mobility of tumor, cells including invasion and migration. The results indicate that OMVs improve the efficacy of perhexiline and also represent a promising natural immunomodulator. Combining OMVs with perhexiline treatments shows powerfully synergistic anti-tumor effects through co-culturing with re-polarized macrophages. This work is promising to exploit the extensive applications of OMVs and chemical drugs, therefore developing a meaningful drug carrier and immunomodulator as well as expanding the purposes of traditional chemical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoujin Jiang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Fu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Sijia Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Guanshu Zhu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Ma
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Wu G, Hu XM, Peng LH, Zhang W, Liang X, Dobretsov S, Yang JL. Outer membrane vesicles induce the mussel plantigrade settlement via regulation of c-di-GMP. Biofouling 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37293733 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2215707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in benthic animal settlement, the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, the impact of OMVs and OMVs synthesis-related tolB gene in Mytilus coruscus plantigrade settlement was tested. The OMVs were extracted from Pseudoalteromonas marina through density gradient centrifugation, and a tolB knockout strain, achieved by homologous recombination, was utilized for the investigation. Our results demonstrated that OMVs could significantly enhance M. coruscus plantigrades settlement. Deleting the tolB resulted in downregulation of c-di-GMP, accompanied by a reduction of OMV production, a decline in bacterial motility and increasing biofilm-forming ability. Enzyme treatment resulted in a 61.11% reduction in OMV-inducing activity and a 94.87% reduction in LPS content. Thus, OMVs regulate mussel settlement via LPS, and c-di-GMP is responsible for the OMV-inducing capacity. These findings provide new insights into the interactions between bacteria and mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanju Wu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Hua Peng
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, China
| | - Sergey Dobretsov
- UNESCO Chair, Department of Marine Science and Fisheries, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Jin-Long Yang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Green-Culture of Aquaculture Animals, Shanghai, China
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12
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Marzoog TR, Jabir MS, Ibraheem S, Jawad SF, Hamzah SS, Sulaiman GM, Mohammed HA, Khan RA. Bacterial extracellular vesicles induced oxidative stress and mitophagy through mTOR pathways in colon cancer cells, HT-29: Implications for bioactivity. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2023; 1870:119486. [PMID: 37172765 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial-extracellular-vesicles (BEVs) derived from Escherichia coli, strain-A5922, were used as a therapeutic tool to treat colon cancer cells, HT-29. BEVs induced oxidative stress, and observed mitochondrial autophagy, known as mitophagy, were crucial in initiation of treatment. The mitophagy, induced by the BEVs in HT-29 cells, produced adenocarcinomic cytotoxicity, and stopped the cells growth. The trigger for mitophagy, and an increase in productions of reactive oxygen species led to cellular oxidative stress, that eventually led to cells death. A reduction in the mitochondrial membrane potential, and an increase in the PINK1 expressions confirmed the oxidative stress involvements. The BEVs triggered cytotoxicity, and mitophagy in the HT-29 carcinoid cells, channelized through the Akt/mTOR pathways connecting the cellular oxidative stress, effectively played its part to cause cells death. These findings substantiated the BEVs' potential as a plausible tool for treating, and possibly preventing the colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorria R Marzoog
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq
| | - Majid S Jabir
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
| | - Sumayah Ibraheem
- Al-Kindy College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Sabrean F Jawad
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Iraq
| | - Sawsan S Hamzah
- Department of Dentistry, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ghassan M Sulaiman
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq.
| | - Hamdoon A Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riaz A Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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13
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Huynh DT, Jong WSP, Oudejans MAH, van den Berg van Saparoea HB, Luirink J, van Ulsen P. Heterologous Display of Chlamydia trachomatis PmpD Passenger at the Surface of Salmonella OMVs. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:366. [PMID: 37103793 PMCID: PMC10145130 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13040366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is the bacterial pathogen that causes most cases of sexually transmitted diseases annually. To combat the global spread of asymptomatic infection, development of effective (mucosal) vaccines that offer both systemic and local immune responses is considered a high priority. In this study, we explored the expression of C. trachomatis full-length (FL) PmpD, as well as truncated PmpD passenger constructs fused to a "display" autotransporter (AT) hemoglobin protease (HbpD) and studied their inclusion into outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhimurium. OMVs are considered safe vaccine vectors well-suited for mucosal delivery. By using E. coli AT HbpD-fusions of chimeric constructs we improved surface display and successfully generated Salmonella OMVs decorated with a secreted and immunogenic PmpD passenger fragment (aa68-629) to 13% of the total protein content. Next, we investigated whether a similar chimeric surface display strategy could be applied to other AT antigens, i.e., secreted fragments of Prn (aa35-350) of Bordetella pertussis and VacA (aa65-377) of Helicobacter pylori. The data provided information on the complexity of heterologous expression of AT antigens at the OMV surface and suggested that optimal expression strategies should be developed on an antigen-to-antigen basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dung T. Huynh
- Abera Bioscience AB, 750 26 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Manon A. H. Oudejans
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Joen Luirink
- Abera Bioscience AB, 750 26 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter van Ulsen
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Amsterdam Institute of Molecular and Life Sciences (AIMMS), Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Johnston EL, Zavan L, Bitto NJ, Petrovski S, Hill AF, Kaparakis-Liaskos M. Planktonic and Biofilm-Derived Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membrane Vesicles Facilitate Horizontal Gene Transfer of Plasmid DNA. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0517922. [PMID: 36946779 PMCID: PMC10100964 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05179-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) produced by Gram-negative bacteria package various cargo, including DNA that can be transferred to other bacteria or to host cells. OMV-associated DNA has been implicated in mediating horizontal gene transfer (HGT) between bacteria, which includes the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes within and between bacterial species. Despite the known ability of OMVs to mediate HGT, the mechanisms of DNA packaging into OMVs remain poorly characterized, as does the effect of bacterial growth conditions on the DNA cargo composition of OMVs and their subsequent abilities to mediate HGT. In this study, we examined the DNA content of OMVs produced by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown in either planktonic or biofilm conditions. Analysis of planktonic growth-derived OMVs revealed their ability to package and protect plasmid DNA from DNase degradation and to transfer plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance genes to recipient, antibiotic-sensitive P. aeruginosa bacteria at a greater efficiency than transformation with plasmid alone. Comparisons of planktonic and biofilm-derived P. aeruginosa OMVs demonstrated that biofilm-derived OMVs were smaller but were associated with more plasmid DNA than planktonic-derived OMVs. Additionally, biofilm-derived P. aeruginosa OMVs were more efficient in the transformation of competent P. aeruginosa bacteria, compared to transformations with an equivalent number of planktonic-derived OMVs. The findings of this study highlight the importance of bacterial growth conditions for the packaging of DNA within P. aeruginosa OMVs and their ability to facilitate HGT, thus contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes between P. aeruginosa bacteria. IMPORTANCE Bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) mediate interbacterial communication, and their ability to package DNA specifically contributes to biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance, and HGT between bacteria. However, the ability of P. aeruginosa OMVs to mediate HGT has not yet been demonstrated. Here, we reveal that P. aeruginosa planktonic and biofilm-derived OMVs can deliver plasmid-encoded antibiotic resistance to recipient P. aeruginosa. Additionally, we demonstrated that P. aeruginosa biofilm-derived OMVs were associated with more plasmid DNA compared to planktonic-derived OMVs and were more efficient in the transfer of plasmid DNA to recipient bacteria. Overall, this demonstrated the ability of P. aeruginosa OMVs to facilitate the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes, thereby enabling the survival of susceptible bacteria during antibiotic treatment. Investigating the roles of biofilm-derived BMVs may contribute to furthering our understanding of the role of BMVs in HGT and the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella L. Johnston
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren Zavan
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Natalie J. Bitto
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steve Petrovski
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew F. Hill
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria Kaparakis-Liaskos
- Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Research Centre for Extracellular Vesicles, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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15
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Palacios E, Lobos-González L, Guerrero S, Kogan MJ, Shao B, Heinecke JW, Quest AFG, Leyton L, Valenzuela-Valderrama M. Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles induce astrocyte reactivity through nuclear factor-κappa B activation and cause neuronal damage in vivo in a murine model. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:66. [PMID: 36895046 PMCID: PMC9996972 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02728-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infects the stomach of 50% of the world's population. Importantly, chronic infection by this bacterium correlates with the appearance of several extra-gastric pathologies, including neurodegenerative diseases. In such conditions, brain astrocytes become reactive and neurotoxic. However, it is still unclear whether this highly prevalent bacterium or the nanosized outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) they produce, can reach the brain, thus affecting neurons/astrocytes. Here, we evaluated the effects of Hp OMVs on astrocytes and neurons in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Purified OMVs were characterized by mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Labeled OMVs were administered orally or injected into the mouse tail vein to study OMV-brain distribution. By immunofluorescence of tissue samples, we evaluated: GFAP (astrocytes), βIII tubulin (neurons), and urease (OMVs). The in vitro effect of OMVs in astrocytes was assessed by monitoring NF-κB activation, expression of reactivity markers, cytokines in astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM), and neuronal cell viability. RESULTS Urease and GroEL were prominent proteins in OMVs. Urease (OMVs) was present in the mouse brain and its detection coincided with astrocyte reactivity and neuronal damage. In vitro, OMVs induced astrocyte reactivity by increasing the intermediate filament proteins GFAP and vimentin, the plasma membrane αVβ3 integrin, and the hemichannel connexin 43. OMVs also produced neurotoxic factors and promoted the release of IFNγ in a manner dependent on the activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Surface antigens on reactive astrocytes, as well as secreted factors in response to OMVs, were shown to inhibit neurite outgrowth and damage neurons. CONCLUSIONS OMVs administered orally or injected into the mouse bloodstream reach the brain, altering astrocyte function and promoting neuronal damage in vivo. The effects of OMVs on astrocytes were confirmed in vitro and shown to be NF-κB-dependent. These findings suggest that Hp could trigger systemic effects by releasing nanosized vesicles that cross epithelial barriers and access the CNS, thus altering brain cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Palacios
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, 8330546, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Studies On Exercise Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lorena Lobos-González
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile.,Centro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Desarrollo-Clínica Alemana, 7590943, Santiago, Chile
| | - Simón Guerrero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Atacama, 153601, Copiapó, Chile
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile
| | - Baohai Shao
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-8055, USA
| | - Jay W Heinecke
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195-8055, USA
| | - Andrew F G Quest
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Studies On Exercise Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile.,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lisette Leyton
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Center for Studies On Exercise Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, 8380453, Santiago, Chile. .,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Manuel Valenzuela-Valderrama
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Celular, Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de La Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, 8330546, Santiago, Chile. .,Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, 8380494, Santiago, Chile.
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16
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Hussein M, Jasim R, Gocol H, Baker M, Thombare VJ, Ziogas J, Purohit A, Rao GG, Li J, Velkov T. Comparative Proteomics of Outer Membrane Vesicles from Polymyxin-Susceptible and Extremely Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSphere 2023; 8:e0053722. [PMID: 36622250 PMCID: PMC9942579 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00537-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) secreted by Gram-negative bacteria serve as transporters for the delivery of cargo such as virulence and antibiotic resistance factors. OMVs play a key role in the defense against membrane-targeting antibiotics such as the polymyxin B. Herein, we conducted comparative proteomics of OMVs from paired Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700721 polymyxin-susceptible (polymyxin B MIC = 0.5 mg/L) and an extremely resistant (polymyxin B MIC ≥128 mg/L), following exposure to 2 mg/L of polymyxin B. Comparative profiling of the OMV subproteome of each strain revealed proteins from multiple perturbed pathways, particularly in the polymyxin-susceptible strain, including outer membrane assembly (lipopolysaccharide, O-antigen, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis), cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance, β-lactam resistance, and quorum sensing. In the polymyxin-susceptible strain, polymyxin B treatment reduced the expression of OMV proteins in the pathways related to adhesion, virulence, and the cell envelope stress responses, whereas, in the polymyxin-resistant strain, the proteins involved in LPS biosynthesis, RNA degradation, and nucleotide excision repair were significantly overexpressed in response to polymyxin B treatment. Intriguingly, the key polymyxin resistance enzymes 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose transferase and the PhoPQ two-component protein kinase were significantly downregulated in the OMVs of the polymyxin-susceptible strain. Additionally, a significant reduction in class A β-lactamase proteins was observed following polymyxin B treatment in the OMVs of both strains, particularly the OMVs of the polymyxin-susceptible strain. These findings shed new light on the OMV subproteome of extremely polymyxin resistant K. pneumoniae, which putatively may serve as active decoys to make the outer membrane more impervious to polymyxin attack. IMPORTANCE OMVs can help bacteria to fight antibiotics not only by spreading antibiotic resistance genes but also by acting as protective armor against antibiotics. By employing proteomics, we found that OMVs have a potential role in shielding K. pneumoniae and acting as decoys to polymyxin attack, through declining the export of proteins (e.g., 4-amino-4-deoxy-l-arabinose transferase) involved in polymyxin resistance. Furthermore, polymyxin B treatment of both strains leads to shedding of the OMVs with perturbed proteins involved in outer membrane remodeling (e.g., LPS biosynthesis) as well as pathogenic potential of K. pneumoniae (e.g., quorum sensing). The problematic extended spectrum beta-lactamases SHV and TEM were significantly reduced in both strains, suggesting that polymyxin B may act as a potentiator to sensitize the bacterium to β-lactam antibiotics. This study highlights the importance of OMVs as "molecular mules" for the intercellular transmission and delivery of resistance and cellular repair factors in the bacterial response to polymyxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maytham Hussein
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Raad Jasim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Iraq
| | - Hakan Gocol
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Baker
- Discipline of Biological Sciences, Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Science and IT, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Varsha J. Thombare
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - James Ziogas
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Aayush Purohit
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gauri G. Rao
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian Li
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tony Velkov
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Bhaumik U, Halder P, Howlader DR, Banerjee S, Maiti S, Dutta S, Koley H. A tetravalent Shigella Outer Membrane Vesicles based candidate vaccine offered cross-protection against all the serogroups of Shigella in adult mice. Microbes Infect 2023; 25:105100. [PMID: 36696935 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In today's world and mostly in low and middle income countries, S. flexneri and S. sonnei remains the major causative agent of clinical bacillary dysentery. Based on contemporary epidemiology, a tetravalent Outer Membrane Vesicle (OMVs) based immunogen was formulated using the most commonly circulating Shigella strains, namely, S. flexneri 2a, S. flexneri 3a, S. flexneri 6 and S. sonnei I, in a 1:1:1:1 ratio. Adult BALB/c mice were orally immunized in a prime-boost-boost manner. Tetravalent Shigella OMVs immunogen induced significant and persistent serum and mucosal antibodies against OMVs, Outer Membrane Proteins (OMPs) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Tetravalent OMVs also primed cell mediated immune response effectively. Protective efficacy against six heterologous Shigella strains was checked in an intra-peritoneal mouse model. Immunized mice survived lethal infection better than the non-immunized mice cohort with fewer replicating bacteria isolated from their gut. This study establishes the possibilities of tetravalent OMVs immunogen to become a potent vaccine candidate against human shigellosis, overcoming the limitations of sero-specific cross-protection of Shigella species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ushasi Bhaumik
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700 010, India; Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, School of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 2120, United States
| | - Prolay Halder
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700 010, India
| | - Debaki Ranjan Howlader
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700 010, India; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, United States
| | - Soumalya Banerjee
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700 010, India
| | - Suhrid Maiti
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700 010, India; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, United States
| | - Shanta Dutta
- ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. . P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700 010, India
| | - Hemanta Koley
- Division of Bacteriology, ICMR- National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases. P-33, C.I.T. Road, Scheme XM, Beliaghata, Kolkata-700 010, India. http://www.niced.org.in/
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18
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Chalupowicz L, Mordukhovich G, Assoline N, Katsir L, Sela N, Bahar O. Bacterial outer membrane vesicles induce a transcriptional shift in arabidopsis towards immune system activation leading to suppression of pathogen growth in planta. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12285. [PMID: 36645092 PMCID: PMC9841551 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria form spherical blebs on their cell periphery, which later dissociate from the bacterial cell wall to form extracellular vesicles. These nano scale structures, known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), have been shown to promote infection and disease and can induce typical immune outputs in both mammal and plant hosts. To better understand the broad transcriptional change plants undergo following exposure to OMVs, we treated Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) seedlings with OMVs purified from the Gram-negative plant pathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and performed RNA-seq analysis on OMV- and mock-treated plants at 2, 6 and 24 h post challenge. The most pronounced transcriptional shift occurred at the first two time points tested, as reflected by the number of differentially expressed genes and the average fold change. OMVs induce a major transcriptional shift towards immune system activation, upregulating a multitude of immune-related pathways including a variety of immune receptors. Comparing the response of Arabidopsis to OMVs and to purified elicitors, revealed that OMVs induce a similar suite of genes and pathways as single elicitors, however, pathways activated by OMVs and not by other elicitors were detected. Pretreating Arabidopsis plants with OMVs and subsequently infecting with a bacterial pathogen led to a significant reduction in pathogen growth. Mutations in the plant elongation factor receptor (EFR), flagellin receptor (FLS2), or the brassinosteroid-insensitive 1-associated kinase (BAK1) co-receptor, did not significantly affect the immune priming effect of OMVs. All together these results show that OMVs induce a broad transcriptional shift in Arabidopsis leading to upregulation of multiple immune pathways, and that this transcriptional change may facilitate resistance to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Chalupowicz
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed ResearchAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Gideon Mordukhovich
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed ResearchAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
| | - Nofar Assoline
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed ResearchAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and EnvironmentThe Hebrew University of JerusalemRehovotIsrael
| | - Leron Katsir
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed ResearchAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed ResearchAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
| | - Ofir Bahar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed ResearchAgricultural Research Organization – Volcani InstituteRishon LeZionIsrael
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He X, Zhang Y, Wang X, Zhu X, Chen L, Liu W, Lyu Q, Ran L, Cheng H, Zhang XH. Characterization of Multiple Alginate Lyases in a Highly Efficient Alginate-Degrading Vibrio Strain and Its Degradation Strategy. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0138922. [PMID: 36409133 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01389-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alginate is an important polysaccharide in the ocean that supports the growth of marine microorganisms. Many widespread Vibrio species possess alginate lyases and can utilize alginate as a carbon source, but the detailed alginate degradation mechanism in Vibrio remains to be further explored. In this study, we obtained a highly efficient alginate-degrading strain, Vibrio pelagius WXL662, with 11 alginate lyases (VpAly-I to -XI) and further elucidated its molecular mechanism of alginate degradation. Three alginate utilization loci (AUL) were identified in different parts of WXL662's genome, comprising six alginate lyases (VpAly-I, -II, -VIII, -IX, -X, and -XI) and other genes related to alginate degradation. Most of the alginate-degrading genes are strongly induced when alginate is provided as the sole carbon source. Ten alginate lyases (VpAly-I to -X) had been purified and characterized, including six from polysaccharide lyase family 7 (PL7), three from PL17, and one from PL6. These recombinant alginate lyases existing in different cellular locations were active at a wide temperature (10 to 50°C) and pH (4.0 to 9.0) range, with different substrate preferences and diverse degradation products, enabling WXL662 to efficiently utilize alginate in a changing marine environment. Importantly, outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) can act as vectors for alginate lyases (VpAly-II, -V, and -VI) in WXL662. Further investigations of public Vibrio genomes revealed that most alginate-degrading vibrios possess one AUL instead of previously reported "scattered" system. These results emphasize the specific alginate degradation strategy in Vibrio pelagius WXL662, which can be used as a model strain to study the ecological importance of effective alginate-degrading vibrios in the ocean. IMPORTANCE Alginate is an important carbon source in the marine environment, and vibrios are major alginate utilizers. Previous studies focused only on the characteristics of individual alginate lyases in vibrios, but few of them discussed the comprehensive alginate-degrading strategy. Here, we depicted the alginate utilization mechanism and its ecological implications of a highly efficient alginate-degrading Vibrio strain, WXL662, which contained 11 alginate lyases with distinct enzymatic characteristics. Importantly, unlike other vibrios with only one alginate utilization locus (AUL) or the previously reported "scattered" system, three AUL were identified in WXL662. Additionally, the involvement of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in the secretion of alginate lyases is proposed for the first time.
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du Teil Espina M, Fu Y, van der Horst D, Hirschfeld C, López-Álvarez M, Mulder LM, Gscheider C, Haider Rubio A, Huitema M, Becher D, Heeringa P, van Dijl JM. Coating and Corruption of Human Neutrophils by Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0075322. [PMID: 36000865 PMCID: PMC9602476 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00753-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone oral pathogen that successfully manipulates the human innate immune defenses, resulting in a chronic proinflammatory state of periodontal tissues and beyond. Here, we demonstrate that secreted outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are deployed by P. gingivalis to selectively coat and activate human neutrophils, thereby provoking degranulation without neutrophil killing. Secreted granule components with antibacterial activity, especially LL-37 and myeloperoxidase (MPO), are subsequently degraded by potent OMV-bound proteases known as gingipains, thereby ensuring bacterial survival. In contrast to neutrophils, the P. gingivalis OMVs are efficiently internalized by macrophages and epithelial cells. Importantly, we show that neutrophil coating is a conserved feature displayed by OMVs of at least one other oral pathogen, namely, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. We conclude that P. gingivalis deploys its OMVs for a neutrophil-deceptive strategy to create a favorable inflammatory niche and escape killing. IMPORTANCE Severe periodontitis is a dysbiotic inflammatory disease that affects about 15% of the adult population, making it one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide. Importantly, periodontitis has been associated with the development of nonoral diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, pancreatic cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Periodontal pathogens implicated in periodontitis can survive in the oral cavity only by avoiding the insults of neutrophils while at the same time promoting an inflamed environment where they successfully thrive. Our present findings show that outer membrane vesicles secreted by the keystone pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis provide an effective delivery tool of virulence factors that protect the bacterium from being killed while simultaneously activating human neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marines du Teil Espina
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yanyan Fu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Demi van der Horst
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia Hirschfeld
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marina López-Álvarez
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne M. Mulder
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Costanza Gscheider
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Haider Rubio
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Minke Huitema
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Heeringa
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Mat Rani NNI, Alzubaidi ZM, Butt AM, Mohammad Faizal NDF, Sekar M, Azhari H, Mohd Amin MCI. Outer membrane vesicles as biomimetic vaccine carriers against infections and cancers. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2022; 14:e1784. [PMID: 35194964 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, nanoparticle-based therapeutic modalities have emerged as promising treatment options for cancer and infectious diseases. To improve prognosis, chemotherapeutic and antimicrobial drugs must be delivered selectively to the target sites. Researchers have increasingly focused their efforts on improving drug delivery, with a particular emphasis on cancer and infectious diseases. When drugs are administered systemically, they become diluted and can diffuse to all tissues but only until the immune system intervenes and quickly removes them from circulation. To enhance and prolong the systemic circulation of drugs, nanocarriers have been explored and used; however, nanocarriers have a major drawback in that they can trigger immune responses. Numerous nanocarriers for optimal drug delivery have been developed using innovative and effective biointerface technologies. Autologous cell-derived drug carriers, such as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), have demonstrated improved bioavailability and reduced toxicity. Thus, this study investigates the use of biomimetic OMVs as biomimetic vaccine carriers against infections and cancers to improve our understanding in the field of nanotechnology. In addition, discussion on the advantages, disadvantages, and future prospects of OMVs will also be explored. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Protein and Virus-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Zahraa M Alzubaidi
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Adeel Masood Butt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nur Dini Fatini Mohammad Faizal
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Hanisah Azhari
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Dhurve G, Madikonda AK, Jagannadham MV, Siddavattam D. Outer Membrane Vesicles of Acinetobacter baumannii DS002 Are Selectively Enriched with TonB-Dependent Transporters and Play a Key Role in Iron Acquisition. Microbiol Spectr 2022;:e0029322. [PMID: 35266817 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00293-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) of Acinetobacter baumannii DS002 carry proteins which perform selective biological functions. The proteins involved in cell wall/membrane biogenesis and inorganic ion transport and metabolism occupied a significant portion of the 302 proteins associated with OMVs. Interestingly, the TonB-dependent transporters (TonRs), linked to the active transport of nutrients across the energy-deprived outer membrane, are predominant among proteins involved in inorganic ion transport and metabolism. The OMVs of DS002 contain TonRs capable of transporting iron complexed to catecholate, hydroximate, and mixed types of siderophores. Consistent with this observation, the OMVs were firmly bound to ferric-enterobactin (55Fe-Ent) and successfully transported iron into A. baumannii DS002 cells grown under iron-limiting conditions. In addition to the TonRs, OMVs also carry proteins known to promote pathogenesis, immune evasion, and biofilm formation. Our findings provide conclusive evidence for the role of OMVs in the transport of nutrients such as iron and show the presence of proteins with proven roles in pathogenicity and immune response. IMPORTANCE TonB-dependent transporters (TonRs) play a crucial role in transporting nutrients such as iron, nickel, copper, and complex carbohydrates across the energy-deprived outer membrane. Due to their unique structural features, TonRs capture nutrients in an energy-independent manner and transport them across the outer membrane by harvesting energy derived from the inner membrane-localized Ton-complex. In this study, we report the presence of TonRs capable of transporting various nutrients in OMVs and demonstrate their role in capturing and transporting ferric iron complexed with enterobactin into A. baumannii DS002 cells. The OMV-associated TonRs appear to play a critical role in the survival of A. baumannii, listed as a priority pathogen, under nutrient-deprived conditions.
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Tomasi M, Dalsass M, Beghini F, Zanella I, Caproni E, Fantappiè L, Gagliardi A, Irene C, König E, Frattini L, Masetti G, Isaac SJ, Armanini F, Cumbo F, Blanco-Míguez A, Grandi A, Segata N, Grandi G. Commensal Bifidobacterium Strains Enhance the Efficacy of Neo-Epitope Based Cancer Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9111356. [PMID: 34835287 PMCID: PMC8619961 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9111356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A large body of data both in animals and humans demonstrates that the gut microbiome plays a fundamental role in cancer immunity and in determining the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. In this work, we have investigated whether and to what extent the gut microbiome can influence the antitumor activity of neo-epitope-based cancer vaccines in a BALB/c-CT26 cancer mouse model. Similarly to that observed in the C57BL/6-B16 model, Bifidobacterium administration per se has a beneficial effect on CT26 tumor inhibition. Furthermore, the combination of Bifidobacterium administration and vaccination resulted in a protection which was superior to vaccination alone and to Bifidobacterium administration alone, and correlated with an increase in the frequency of vaccine-specific T cells. The gut microbiome analysis by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and shotgun metagenomics showed that tumor challenge rapidly altered the microbiome population, with Muribaculaceae being enriched and Lachnospiraceae being reduced. Over time, the population of Muribaculaceae progressively reduced while the Lachnospiraceae population increased—a trend that appeared to be retarded by the oral administration of Bifidobacterium. Interestingly, in some Bacteroidales, Prevotella and Muribaculacee species we identified sequences highly homologous to immunogenic neo-epitopes of CT26 cells, supporting the possible role of “molecular mimicry” in anticancer immunity. Our data strengthen the importance of the microbiome in cancer immunity and suggests a microbiome-based strategy to potentiate neo-epitope-based cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Tomasi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Mattia Dalsass
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Francesco Beghini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Ilaria Zanella
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Elena Caproni
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Laura Fantappiè
- Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.F.); (A.G.); (A.G.)
| | | | - Carmela Irene
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Enrico König
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Luca Frattini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Giulia Masetti
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Samine Jessica Isaac
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Federica Armanini
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Fabio Cumbo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Aitor Blanco-Míguez
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Alberto Grandi
- Toscana Life Sciences, 53100 Siena, Italy; (L.F.); (A.G.); (A.G.)
- BiOMViS Srl, Via Fiorentina 1, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
| | - Guido Grandi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy; (M.T.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (I.Z.); (E.C.); (C.I.); (E.K.); (L.F.); (G.M.); (S.J.I.); (F.A.); (F.C.); (A.B.-M.); (N.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Marchant P, Carreño A, Vivanco E, Silva A, Nevermann J, Otero C, Araya E, Gil F, Calderón IL, Fuentes JA. "One for All": Functional Transfer of OMV-Mediated Polymyxin B Resistance From Salmonella enterica sv. Typhi Δ tolR and Δ degS to Susceptible Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:672467. [PMID: 34025627 PMCID: PMC8131662 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.672467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of multi-resistant strains has contributed to reintroducing polymyxin as the last-line therapy. Although polymyxin resistance is based on bacterial envelope changes, other resistance mechanisms are being reported. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are nanosized proteoliposomes secreted from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. In some bacteria, OMVs have shown to provide resistance to diverse antimicrobial agents either by sequestering and/or expelling the harmful agent from the bacterial envelope. Nevertheless, the participation of OMVs in polymyxin resistance has not yet been explored in S. Typhi, and neither OMVs derived from hypervesiculating mutants. In this work, we explored whether OMVs produced by the hypervesiculating strains Salmonella Typhi ΔrfaE (LPS synthesis), ΔtolR (bacterial envelope) and ΔdegS (misfolded proteins and σ E activation) exhibit protective properties against polymyxin B. We found that the OMVs extracted from S. Typhi ΔtolR and ΔdegS protect S. Typhi WT from polymyxin B in a concentration-depending manner. By contrast, the protective effect exerted by OMVs from S. Typhi WT and S. Typhi ΔrfaE is much lower. This effect is achieved by the sequestration of polymyxin B, as assessed by the more positive Zeta potential of OMVs with polymyxin B and the diminished antibiotic's availability when coincubated with OMVs. We also found that S. Typhi ΔtolR exhibited an increased MIC of polymyxin B. Finally, we determined that S. Typhi ΔtolR and S. Typhi ΔdegS, at a lesser level, can functionally and transiently transfer the OMV-mediated polymyxin B resistance to susceptible bacteria in cocultures. This work shows that mutants in genes related to OMVs biogenesis can release vesicles with improved abilities to protect bacteria against membrane-active agents. Since mutations affecting OMV biogenesis can involve the bacterial envelope, mutants with increased resistance to membrane-acting agents that, in turn, produce protective OMVs with a high vesiculation rate (e.g., S. Typhi ΔtolR) can arise. Such mutants can functionally transfer the resistance to surrounding bacteria via OMVs, diminishing the effective concentration of the antimicrobial agent and potentially favoring the selection of spontaneous resistant strains in the environment. This phenomenon might be considered the source for the emergence of polymyxin resistance in an entire bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Marchant
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alexander Carreño
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrés Silva
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jan Nevermann
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Otero
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernando Gil
- Microbiota-Host Interactions and Clostridia Research Group, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.,ANID-Millennium Science Initiative Program-Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of the Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago, Chile
| | - Iván L Calderón
- Laboratorio de RNAs Bacterianos, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan A Fuentes
- Laboratorio de Genética y Patogénesis Bacteriana, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
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Zoaiter M, Nasser R, Hage-Sleiman R, Abdel-Sater F, Badran B, Zeaiter Z. Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicles induce expression and secretion of oncostatin M in AGS gastric cancer cells. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:1057-66. [PMID: 33851342 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00490-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori, a human pathogen that colonizes the stomach of 50% of the world's population, is associated with gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Diseases are characterized by severe inflammatory responses in the stomach that are induced by various chemokines and cytokines. Recently, oncostatin M (OSM), an IL-6 family cytokine, was detected in early gastric cancer biopsies. In this study, we showed that Helicobacter pylori induced secretion of OSM and overexpression of its type II receptor OSMRβ (OSM/OSMRβ) in a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS) over 24 h of infection. Furthermore, we showed that the induction of OSM and OSMRβ was carried out by heat-sensitive Helicobacter pylori outer membrane vesicle (OMV) protein. Collectively, our results established, for the first time, a direct relation between Helicobacter pylori OMVs and the OSM/OSMRβ signaling axis.
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Mandal PK, Ballerin G, Nolan LM, Petty NK, Whitchurch CB. Bacteriophage infection of Escherichia coli leads to the formation of membrane vesicles via both explosive cell lysis and membrane blebbing. Microbiology (Reading) 2021; 167:001021. [PMID: 33871329 PMCID: PMC8289217 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Membrane vesicles (MVs) are membrane-bound spherical nanostructures that prevail in all three domains of life. In Gram-negative bacteria, MVs are thought to be produced through blebbing of the outer membrane and are often referred to as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). We have recently described another mechanism of MV formation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that involves explosive cell-lysis events, which shatters cellular membranes into fragments that rapidly anneal into MVs. Interestingly, MVs are often observed within preparations of lytic bacteriophage, however the source of these MVs and their association with bacteriophage infection has not been explored. In this study we aimed to determine if MV formation is associated with lytic bacteriophage infection. Live super-resolution microscopy demonstrated that explosive cell lysis of Escherichia coli cells infected with either bacteriophage T4 or T7, resulted in the formation of MVs derived from shattered membrane fragments. Infection by either bacteriophage was also associated with the formation of membrane blebs on intact bacteria. TEM revealed multiple classes of MVs within phage lysates, consistent with multiple mechanisms of MV formation. These findings suggest that bacteriophage infection may be a major contributor to the abundance of bacterial MVs in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pappu K. Mandal
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Giulia Ballerin
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Laura M. Nolan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Nicola K. Petty
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Cynthia B. Whitchurch
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
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Prior JT, Davitt C, Kurtz J, Gellings P, McLachlan JB, Morici LA. Bacterial-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles are Potent Adjuvants that Drive Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020131. [PMID: 33498352 PMCID: PMC7909432 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Discovery and development of novel adjuvants that can improve existing or next generation vaccine platforms have received considerable interest in recent years. In particular, adjuvants that can elicit both humoral and cellular immune responses would be particularly advantageous because the majority of licensed vaccines are formulated with aluminum hydroxide (alum) which predominantly promotes antibodies. We previously demonstrated that bacterial-derived outer membrane vesicles (OMV) possess inherent adjuvanticity and drive antigen-specific antibody and cellular immune responses to OMV components. Here, we investigated the ability of OMVs to stimulate innate and adaptive immunity and to function as a stand-alone adjuvant. We show that OMVs are more potent than heat-inactivated and live-attenuated bacteria in driving dendritic cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Mice immunized with OMVs admixed with heterologous peptides generated peptide-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells responses. Notably, OMV adjuvant induced much greater antibody and B cell responses to co-delivered ovalbumin compared to the responses elicited by the adjuvants alum and CpG DNA. Additionally, pre-existing antibodies raised against the OMVs did not impair OMV adjuvanticity upon repeat immunization. These results indicate that vaccines adjuvanted with OMVs elicit robust cellular and humoral immune responses, supporting further development of OMV adjuvant for use in next-generation vaccines.
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Bielaszewska M, Greune L, Bauwens A, Dersch P, Mellmann A, Rüter C. Virulence Factor Cargo and Host Cell Interactions of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Outer Membrane Vesicles. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2291:177-205. [PMID: 33704754 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1339-9_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), nanoparticles released by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), have been identified as novel efficient virulence tools of these pathogens. STEC O157 OMVs carry a cocktail of virulence factors including Shiga toxin 2a (Stx2a), cytolethal distending toxin V (CdtV), EHEC hemolysin, flagellin, and lipopolysaccharide. OMVs are taken up by human intestinal epithelial and microvascular endothelial cells, the major targets during STEC infection, and deliver the virulence factors into host cells. There the toxins separate from OMVs and are trafficked via different pathways to their target compartments, i.e., the cytosol (Stx2a-A subunit), nucleus (CdtV-B subunit), and mitochondria (EHEC hemolysin). This leads to a toxin-specific host cell injury and ultimately apoptotic cell death. Besides their cytotoxic effects, STEC OMVs trigger an inflammatory response via their lipopolysaccharide and flagellin components. In this chapter, we describe methods for the isolation and purification of STEC OMVs, for the detection of OMV-associated virulence factors, and for the analysis of OMV interactions with host cells including OMV cellular uptake and intracellular trafficking of OMVs and OMV-delivered toxins.
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29
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Zhang L, Zhao SQ, Zhang J, Sun Y, Xie YL, Liu YB, Ma CC, Jiang BG, Liao XY, Li WF, Cheng XJ, Wang ZL. Proteomic Analysis of Vesicle-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Exposed to X-Ray Irradiation. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:558233. [PMID: 33384665 PMCID: PMC7770229 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.558233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing irradiation kills pathogens by destroying nucleic acids without protein structure destruction. However, how pathogens respond to irradiation stress has not yet been fully elucidated. Here, we observed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 could release nucleic acids into the extracellular environment under X-ray irradiation. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray irradiation was observed to induce outer membrane vesicle (OMV) formation in P. aeruginosa PAO1. The size distribution of the OMVs of the irradiated PAO1 was similar to that of the OMVs of the non-irradiated PAO1 according to nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). The pyocin-related proteins are involved in OMV production in P. aeruginosa PAO1 under X-ray irradiation conditions, and that this is regulated by the key SOS gene recA. The OMV production was significantly impaired in the irradiated PAO1 Δlys mutant, suggesting that Lys endolysin is associated with OMV production in P. aeruginosa PAO1 upon irradiation stress. Meanwhile, no significant difference in OMV production was observed between PAO1 lacking the pqsR, lasR, or rhlR genes and the parent strain, demonstrating that the irradiation-induced OMV biosynthesis of P. aeruginosa was independent of the Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-Qiao Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ya-Liu Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Seventh People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Bin Liu
- Infectious Diseases Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cui-Cui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo-Guang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen-Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing-Jun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhen-Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Avila-Calderón ED, Medina-Chávez O, Flores-Romo L, Hernández-Hernández JM, Donis-Maturano L, López-Merino A, Arellano-Reynoso B, Aguilera-Arreola MG, Ruiz EA, Gomez-Lunar Z, Witonsky S, Contreras-Rodríguez A. Outer Membrane Vesicles From Brucella melitensis Modulate Immune Response and Induce Cytoskeleton Rearrangement in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:556795. [PMID: 33193138 PMCID: PMC7604303 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.556795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar to what has been described in other Gram-negative bacteria, Brucella melitensis releases outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs from B. melitensis 16M and the rough-mutant B. melitensis VTRM1 were able to induce a protective immune response against virulent B. melitensis in mice models. The presence of some proteins which had previously been reported to induce protection against Brucella were found in the proteome of OMVs from B. melitensis 16M. However, the proteome of OMVs from B. melitensis VTRM1 had not previously been determined. In order to be better understand the role of OMVs in host-cell interactions, the aim of this work was to compare the proteomes of OMVs from B. melitensis 16M and the derived rough-mutant B. melitensis VTRM1, as well as to characterize the immune response induced by vesicles on host cells. Additionally, the effect of SDS and proteinase K on the stability of OMVs was analyzed. OMVs from B. melitensis 16M (smooth strain) and the B. melitensis VTRM1 rough mutant (lacking the O-polysaccharide side chain) were analyzed through liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). OMVs were treated with proteinase K, sodium deoxycholate, and SDS, and then their protein profile was determined using SDS-PAGE. Furthermore, PBMCs were treated with OMVs in order to measure their effect on cytoskeleton, surface molecules, apoptosis, DNA damage, proliferation, and cytokine-induction. A total of 131 proteins were identified in OMVs from B. melitensis16M, and 43 in OMVs from B. melitensis VTRM1. Proteome comparison showed that 22 orthologous proteins were common in vesicles from both strains, and their core proteome contained Omp31, Omp25, GroL, and Omp16. After a subsequent detergent and enzyme treatment, OMVs from B. melitensis VTRM1 exhibited higher sensitive compared to OMVs from the B. melitensis 16M strain. Neither OMVs induced IL-17, proliferation, apoptosis or DNA damage. Nonetheless, OMVs from the smooth and rough strains induced overproduction of TNFα and IL-6, as well as actin and tubulin rearrangements in the cytoskeleton. Moreover, OMVs from both strains inhibited PD-L1 expression in T-cells. These data revealed significant differences in OMVs derived from the rough and smooth Brucella strains, among which, the presence or absence of complete LPS appeared to be crucial to protect proteins contained within vesicles and to drive the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Daniel Avila-Calderón
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.,Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Olín Medina-Chávez
- Centro de Biotecnología FEMSA, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Flores-Romo
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Hernández-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Donis-Maturano
- Unidad de Investigación en Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ahidé López-Merino
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso
- Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Ma Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrico A Ruiz
- Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Zulema Gomez-Lunar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sharon Witonsky
- Center for One Health Research, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.,Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico
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Bozhokina E, Kever L, Khaitlina S. The Serratia grimesii outer membrane vesicles-associated grimelysin triggers bacterial invasion of eukaryotic cells. Cell Biol Int 2020; 44:2275-2283. [PMID: 32749752 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Serratia grimesii are facultative pathogenic bacteria that can penetrate a wide range of host cells and cause infection, especially in immunocompromised patients. Previously, we have found that bacterial metalloprotease grimelysin is a potential virulence determinant of S. grimesii invasion (E. S. Bozhokina et al., (2011). Cell Biology International, 35(2), 111-118). Protease is characterized as an actin-hydrolyzing enzyme with a narrow specificity toward other cell proteins. It is not known, however, whether grimelysin is transported into eukaryotic cells. Here, we show, for the first time, that S. grimesii can generate outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) displayed specific proteolytic activity against actin, characteristic of grimelysin. The presence of grimelysin was also confirmed by the Western blot analysis of S. grimesii OMVs lysate. Furthermore, confocal microscopy analysis revealed that the S. grimesii grimelysin-containing OMVs attached to the host cell membrane. Finally, pretreatment of HeLa cells with S. grimesii OMVs before the cells were infected with bacteria increased the bacterial penetration several times. These data strongly suggest that protease grimelysin promotes S. grimesii internalization by modifying bacterial and/or host molecule(s) when it is delivered as a component of OMVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Bozhokina
- Group of Molecular Cytology of Prokaryotes and Bacterial Invasion, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Kever
- Group of Molecular Cytology of Prokaryotes and Bacterial Invasion, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sofia Khaitlina
- Group of Molecular Cytology of Prokaryotes and Bacterial Invasion, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
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32
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Golshani M, Amani M, Amirzadeh F, Nazeri E, Davar Siadat S, Nejati-Moheimani M, Arsang A, Bouzari S. Evaluation of Poly(I:C) and combination of CpG ODN plus Montanide ISA adjuvants to enhance the efficacy of outer membrane vesicles as an acellular vaccine against Brucella melitensis infection in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 84:106573. [PMID: 32454410 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Brucellosis is the most common zoonotic disease worldwide and still there is no vaccine for human use. The commercial animal vaccines also have major problems that limit their use. Therefore, there is a need for an effective Brucella vaccine which is multivalent and produces a good protective immunity with minimal disadvantages. Due to their heterogeneous composition and diverse functions, OMVs are promising acellular vaccine candidates against brucellosis. In the present study, the potential of Poly(I:C) or CpG ODN 1826+ Montanide ISA 70 VG adjuvant formulations were evaluated to enhance the immunity and protection levels conferred by OMVs against Brucella challenge in mice. The results indicated that both vaccine regimens were able to induce strong Th1-biased responses and confer protective levels significantly higher than REV.1 live vaccine. With regard to the results, it is concluded that OMVs in either adjuvant can be introduced as a new vaccine candidate against B. melitensis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Golshani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Amani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amirzadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Nazeri
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Tuberculosis and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amin Arsang
- Bacterial Vaccine and Antigen Production Branch, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Saeid Bouzari
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
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Notarangelo M, Ferrara D, Potrich C, Lunelli L, Vanzetti L, Provenzani A, Basso M, Quattrone A, D'Agostino VG. Rapid Nickel-based Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles from Different Biological Fluids. Bio Protoc 2020; 10:e3512. [PMID: 33654737 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.3512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous structures that cells massively release in extracellular fluids. EVs are cargo of cellular components such as lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids that can work as a formidable source in liquid biopsy studies searching for disease biomarkers. We recently demonstrated that nickel-based isolation (NBI) is a valuable method for fast, efficient, and easy recovery of heterogeneous EVs from biological fluids. NBI exploits nickel cations to capture negatively charged vesicles. Then, a mix of balanced chelating agents elutes EVs while preserving their integrity and stability in solution. Here, we describe steps and quality controls to functionalize a matrix of agarose beads, obtain an efficient elution of EVs, and extract nucleic acids carried by them. We demonstrate the versatility of NBI method in isolating EVs from media of primary mouse astrocytes, from human blood, urine, and saliva processed in parallel, as well as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from cultured Gram-negative bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Notarangelo
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Deborah Ferrara
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Cristina Potrich
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Laboratory of Biomolecular Sequence and Structure Analysis for Health, and CNR-Institute of Biophysics, Trento, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lunelli
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Laboratory of Biomolecular Sequence and Structure Analysis for Health, and CNR-Institute of Biophysics, Trento, Italy
| | - Lia Vanzetti
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK), Center for Materials and Microsystems, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandro Provenzani
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Manuela Basso
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Alessandro Quattrone
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Vito G D'Agostino
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
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Siebert C, Lindgren H, Ferré S, Villers C, Boisset S, Perard J, Sjöstedt A, Maurin M, Brochier-Armanet C, Couté Y, Renesto P. Francisella tularensis: FupA mutation contributes to fluoroquinolone resistance by increasing vesicle secretion and biofilm formation. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:808-822. [PMID: 31164053 PMCID: PMC6566608 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2019.1615848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Francisella tularensis is the causative agent in tularemia for which the high prevalence of treatment failure and relapse is a major concern. Directed-evolution experiments revealed that acquisition of fluoroquinolone (FQ) resistance was linked to factors in addition to mutations in DNA gyrase. Here, using F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) as a model, we demonstrated that FupA/B (Fer-Utilization Protein) expression is linked to FQ susceptibility, and that the virulent strain F. tularensis subsp. tularensis SCHU S4 deleted for the homologous FupA protein exhibited even higher FQ resistance. In addition to an increased FQ minimal inhibitory concentration, LVSΔfupA/B displayed tolerance toward bactericidal compounds including ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Interestingly, the FupA/B deletion was found to promote increased secretion of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomic characterization of vesicles from LVS and LVS∆fupA/B identified 801 proteins, including a subset of 23 proteins exhibiting differential abundance between both strains which may therefore contribute to the reduced antibiotic susceptibility of the FupA/B-deleted strain. We also demonstrated that OMVs are key structural elements of LVSΔfupA/B biofilms providing protection against FQ. These results provide a new basis for understanding and tackling antibiotic resistance and/or persistence of Francisella and other pathogenic members of the Thiotrichales class.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Siebert
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,b Centre National de Référence des Francisella , Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Helena Lindgren
- c Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Sabrina Ferré
- d Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG-BGE , Grenoble , France
| | - Corinne Villers
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,e Université de Caen Normandie, EA4655 U2RM , Caen , France
| | - Sandrine Boisset
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,b Centre National de Référence des Francisella , Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Julien Perard
- f Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, BIG-LCBM , Grenoble , France
| | - Anders Sjöstedt
- c Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden and Department of Clinical Microbiology , Umeå University , Umeå , Sweden
| | - Max Maurin
- a TIMC-IMAG UMR 5525 - UGA CNRS , Grenoble , France.,b Centre National de Référence des Francisella , Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
| | - Céline Brochier-Armanet
- g Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive , Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558 , Villeurbanne , France
| | - Yohann Couté
- d Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, Inserm, IRIG-BGE , Grenoble , France
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Wang H, Liang K, Kong Q, Liu Q. Immunization with outer membrane vesicles of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli O78 induces protective immunity in chickens. Vet Microbiol 2019; 236:108367. [PMID: 31500727 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) typically causes colibacillosis and is a major concern for the poultry industry and public health. As a vaccine platform, the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from various gram-negative bacteria and even some gram-positive bacteria have been reported to be immunogenic in laboratories or upon commercial usage worldwide. Here, we purified OMVs from APEC serotype O78 strain by ultracentrifugation and gradient isolation. By SDS-PAGE and LC-MS/MS analysis, the 20 most abundant proteins located on OMVs were identified and analyzed; the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) profiles of OMVs were not different from those of the bacteria. Moreover, three groups of chickens were immunized with OMV-, outer membrane protein (OMP)- and PBS, with the latter two serving as positive and negative controls, respectively. By analyzing the anti-OMP and anti-LPS IgG titers stimulated by the tested vaccine candidates, the macrophage opsonophagocytic activity and the bactericidal activity mediated by serum antibodies in vaccinated chickens, we found that the OMV-vaccinated chicken group was superior to the two other groups. These findings were confirmed by additional chicken challenge tests, in which all OMV-vaccinated group chickens obtained complete protection but those of the other two groups were barely protected. Our data demonstrate that native APEC O78 OMVs can induce protective immunity in chickens and therefore be used as a candidate vaccine for APEC serotype O78 strain infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoju Wang
- College of Veterinary Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Kang Liang
- College of Veterinary Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Qingke Kong
- College of Veterinary Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Veterinary Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400700, China; Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Herbivores Resource Protection and Utilization, Chongqing, 400700, China.
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36
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Shehata MM, Mostafa A, Teubner L, Mahmoud SH, Kandeil A, Elshesheny R, Frantz R, La Pietra L, Pleschka S, Osman A, Kayali G, Chakraborty T, Ali MA, Mraheil MA. Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles ( OMVs)-based Dual Vaccine for Influenza A H1N1 Virus and MERS-CoV. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:E46. [PMID: 31141982 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is the most functional medical intervention to prophylactically control severe diseases caused by human-to-human or animal-to-human transmissible viral pathogens. Annually, seasonal influenza epidemics attack human populations leading to 290–650 thousand deaths/year worldwide. Recently, a novel Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus emerged. Together, those two viruses present a significant public health burden in areas where they circulate. Herein, we generated a bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)-based vaccine presenting the antigenic stable chimeric fusion protein of the H1-type haemagglutinin (HA) of the pandemic influenza A virus (H1N1) strain from 2009 (H1N1pdm09) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) (OMVs-H1/RBD). Our results showed that the chimeric antigen could induce specific neutralizing antibodies against both strains leading to protection of immunized mice against H1N1pdm09 and efficient neutralization of MERS-CoV. This study demonstrate that OMVs-based vaccines presenting viral antigens provide a safe and reliable approach to protect against two different viral infections.
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Quan K, Zhu Z, Cao S, Zhang F, Miao C, Wen X, Huang X, Wen Y, Wu R, Yan Q, Huang Y, Ma X, Han X, Zhao Q. Escherichia coli-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles Deliver Galactose-1-Phosphate Uridyltransferase and Yield Partial Protection against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in Mice. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 28:2095-2105. [PMID: 30380823 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.1809.09004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
In our previous studies, we have identified several in vivo-induced antigens and evaluated their potential as subunit vaccine candidates in a murine model, in which the recombinant protein GalT showed the most potent immunogenicity and immunoprotective efficacy against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. To exploit a more efficient way of delivering GalT proteins, in this study, we employed the widely studied E. coli outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) as a platform to deliver GalT protein and performed the vaccine trial using the recombinant GalT-OMVs in the murine model. Results revealed that GalT-OMVs could elicit a highly-specific, IgG antibody titer that was comparable with the adjuvant GalT group. Significantly higher lymphocyte proliferation and cytokines secretion levels were observed in the GalT-OMVs group. 87.5% and 50% of mice were protected from a lethal dose challenge using A. pleuropneumoniae in active or passive immunization, respectively. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses showed remarkably reduced pathological changes and infiltration of neutrophils in the lungs of mice immunized with GalT-OMVs after the challenge. Taken together, these findings confirm that OMVs can be used as a platform to deliver GalT protein and enhance its immunogenicity to induce both humoral and cellular immune responses in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keji Quan
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Zhuang Zhu
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Sanjie Cao
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China.,National Teaching and Experimental Center of Animal, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Chang Miao
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xintian Wen
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yiping Wen
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wu
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Qigui Yan
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yong Huang
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,National Teaching and Experimental Center of Animal, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Ma
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,National Teaching and Experimental Center of Animal, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xinfeng Han
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,National Teaching and Experimental Center of Animal, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Research Center of Swine Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.,Sichuan Science-observation Experimental Station of Veterinary Drugs and Veterinary Diagnostic Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Wang S, Gao J, Li M, Wang L, Wang Z. A facile approach for development of a vaccine made of bacterial double-layered membrane vesicles (DMVs). Biomaterials 2018; 187:28-38. [PMID: 30292939 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial infections cause acute and chronic diseases. Antimicrobial resistance and aging-related immune weakness remain challenging in therapy of infectious diseases. Vaccines are however an alternative to prevent bacterial infections. Here we report a facile method to rapidly generate bacterium-membrane-formed nanovesicles as a vaccine using nitrogen cavitation. The vaccine is comprised of double-layered membrane vesicles (DMVs) characterized by cryo-TEM, biochemistry and proteomics, showing DMVs possess the integrity of bacterial membrane and contain a wide range of membrane proteins required for vaccination. In the mouse sepsis model induced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, we found that DMVs can improve mouse survival after mice were immunized with DMVs. The increased adaptive immunity and unique biodistribution of DMVs were responsible for enhanced protection of bacterial infection. Our studies demonstrate that this simple and innovative approach using nitrogen cavitation would be a promising technology for vaccine developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA
| | - Mo Li
- Department of Biological Structure, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Liguo Wang
- Department of Biological Structure, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zhenjia Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA.
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Gabarrini G, Palma Medina LM, Stobernack T, Prins RC, du Teil Espina M, Kuipers J, Chlebowicz MA, Rossen JWA, van Winkelhoff AJ, van Dijl JM. There's no place like OM: Vesicular sorting and secretion of the peptidylarginine deiminase of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Virulence 2018; 9:456-464. [PMID: 29505395 PMCID: PMC5955434 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1421827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major periodontal agents and it has been recently hailed as a potential cause of the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. In particular, the peptidylarginine deiminase enzyme of P. gingivalis (PPAD) has been implicated in the citrullination of certain host proteins and the subsequent appearance of antibodies against citrullinated proteins, which might play a role in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the extracellular localization of PPAD in a large panel of clinical P. gingivalis isolates. Here we show that all isolates produced PPAD. In most cases PPAD was abundantly present in secreted outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) that are massively produced by P. gingivalis, and to minor extent in a soluble secreted state. Interestingly, a small subset of clinical isolates showed drastically reduced levels of the OMV-bound PPAD and secreted most of this enzyme in the soluble state. The latter phenotype is strictly associated with a lysine residue at position 373 in PPAD, implicating the more common glutamine residue at this position in PPAD association with OMVs. Further, one isolate displayed severely restricted vesiculation. Together, our findings show for the first time that neither the major association of PPAD with vesicles, nor P. gingivalis vesiculation per se, are needed for P. gingivalis interactions with the human host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Gabarrini
- a Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Laura M Palma Medina
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Tim Stobernack
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Rianne C Prins
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Marines du Teil Espina
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Kuipers
- c Department of Cell Biology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Monika A Chlebowicz
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - John W A Rossen
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Arie Jan van Winkelhoff
- a Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands.,b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Jan Maarten van Dijl
- b Department of Medical Microbiology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
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Wang S, Gao J, Wang Z. Outer membrane vesicles for vaccination and targeted drug delivery. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018; 11:e1523. [PMID: 29701017 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell membrane-derived compartments that spontaneously secrete from a wide range of cells and tissues. EVs have shown to be the carriers in delivering drugs and small interfering RNA. Among EVs, bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) recently have gained the interest in vaccine development and targeted drug delivery. In this review, we summarize the current discoveries of OMVs and their functions. In particular, we focus on the biogenesis of OMVs and their functions in bacterial virulence and pathogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss the applications of OMVs in vaccination and targeted drug delivery. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Infectious Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Jin Gao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
| | - Zhenjia Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, Spokane, Washington
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41
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Serino M. Molecular Paths Linking Metabolic Diseases, Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis and Enterobacteria Infections. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:581-590. [PMID: 29374557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alterations of both ecology and functions of gut microbiota are conspicuous traits of several inflammatory pathologies, notably metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, the proliferation of enterobacteria, subdominant members of the intestinal microbial ecosystem, has been shown to be favored by Western diet, the strongest inducer of both metabolic diseases and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The inner interdependence between the host and the gut microbiota is based on a plethora of molecular mechanisms by which host and intestinal microbes modify each other. Among these mechanisms are as follows: (i) the well-known metabolic impact of short chain fatty acids, produced by microbial fermentation of complex carbohydrates from plants; (ii) a mutual modulation of miRNAs expression, both on the eukaryotic (host) and prokaryotic (gut microbes) side; (iii) the production by enterobacteria of virulence factors such as the genotoxin colibactin, shown to alter the integrity of host genome and induce a senescence-like phenotype in vitro; (iv) the microbial excretion of outer-membrane vesicles, which, in addition to other functions, may act as a carrier for multiple molecules such as toxins to be delivered to target cells. In this review, I describe the major molecular mechanisms by which gut microbes exert their metabolic impact at a multi-organ level (the gut barrier being in the front line) and support the emerging triad of metabolic diseases, gut microbiota dysbiosis and enterobacteria infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Serino
- IRSD, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, INRA, ENVT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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42
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Gabarrini G, Chlebowicz MA, Vega Quiroz ME, Veloo ACM, Rossen JWA, Harmsen HJM, Laine ML, van Dijl JM, van Winkelhoff AJ. Conserved Citrullinating Exoenzymes in Porphyromonas Species. J Dent Res 2018; 97:556-562. [PMID: 29298553 DOI: 10.1177/0022034517747575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major oral pathogens implicated in the widespread inflammatory disorder periodontitis. Moreover, in recent years, P. gingivalis has been associated with the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis. The peptidylarginine deiminase enzyme of P. gingivalis (PPAD) is a major virulence factor that catalyzes the citrullination of both bacterial and host proteins, potentially contributing to production of anticitrullinated protein antibodies. Considering that these antibodies are very specific for rheumatoid arthritis, PPAD appears to be a link between P. gingivalis, periodontitis, and the autoimmune disorder rheumatoid arthritis. PPAD was thus far considered unique among prokaryotes, with P. gingivalis being the only bacterium known to produce and secrete it. To challenge this hypothesis, we investigated the possible secretion of PPAD by 11 previously collected Porphyromonas isolates from a dog, 2 sheep, 3 cats, 4 monkeys, and a jaguar with periodontitis. Our analyses uncovered the presence of secreted PPAD homologues in 8 isolates that were identified as Porphyromonas gulae (from a dog, monkeys, and cats) and Porphyromonas loveana (from sheep). In all 3 PPAD-producing Porphyromonas species, the dominant form of the secreted PPAD was associated with outer membrane vesicles, while a minor fraction was soluble. Our results prove for the first time that the citrullinating PPAD exoenzyme is not unique to only 1 prokaryotic species. Instead, we show that PPAD is produced by at least 2 other oral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gabarrini
- 1 Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M A Chlebowicz
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M E Vega Quiroz
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A C M Veloo
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - J W A Rossen
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - H J M Harmsen
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - M L Laine
- 3 Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - J M van Dijl
- 2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - A J van Winkelhoff
- 1 Center for Dentistry and Oral Hygiene, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,2 Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Kohl P, Zingl FG, Eichmann TO, Schild S. Isolation of Outer Membrane Vesicles Including Their Quantitative and Qualitative Analyses. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1839:117-34. [PMID: 30047059 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8685-9_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally secreted from the bacterial cell surface and therefore localized in the cell-free supernatant of bacterial cultures. Here we describe methods for crude and density gradient-purified OMV isolation and protocols for control analyses for protein profiling (SDS-PAGE), detection of indicator proteins (immunoblot analysis), lipid profiling (lipid extraction and LC-MS analysis), vesicle size determination (NanoSight), rough estimation of biomass (TrayCell™), as well as quantifications of defined OMV components, e.g., proteins (Bradford) and LPS (Purpald).
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Ramírez-Paredes JG, Thompson KD, Metselaar M, Shahin K, Soto E, Richards RH, Penman DJ, Colquhoun DJ, Adams A. A Polyphasic Approach for Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization of the Fastidious Aquatic Pathogen Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2324. [PMID: 29312155 PMCID: PMC5733052 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Francisella noatunensis subsp. orientalis (Fno) is the causative agent of piscine francisellosis, an emerging infectious disease in Asia and Latin America. In this study two outbreaks of francisellosis were diagnosed in the UK on the basis of histopathology, electron microscopy, PCR, bacterial isolation and fulfillment of Koch's postulates. Furthermore, a phenotypic fingerprint based on biochemical analyses, metabolic activity, chemotaxonomic composition, and antimicrobial assays was generated for the novel isolates, the Fno type strain Ehime-1 from Asia and other Fno from Latin America. The genetic relatedness between the novel Fno and other Francisellaceae species was investigated by sequencing and comparing the 16SrRNA gene, 8 housekeeping genes (individually and concatenated) and the 16SrRNA-ITS-23SrRNA sequence. The phenotypic profiling indicated a high degree of similarity among the Fno strains as all were able to metabolize dextrin, N-acetyl-D glucosamine, D-fructose, α-D-glucose, D-mannose, methyl pyruvate, acetic acid, α-keto butyric acid, L-alaninamide, L-alanine, L-alanylglycine, L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, L-proline, L-serine, L-threonine, inosine, uridine, glycerol, D L-α-glycerol phosphate, glucose-1-phosphate, and glucose-6-phosphate. The chemotaxonomic analyses indicated that 24:1 (20.3%), 18:1n-9 (16.9%), 24:0 (13.1%) 14:0 (10.9%), 22:0 (7.8%), 16:0 (7.6%), and 18:0 (5.5%) were the predominant structural fatty acids in Fno. The antimicrobial assays showed little variation between the isolates and high susceptibility to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin, streptomycin, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, nitrofurantoin, tobramycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, oxytetracycline, florfenicol, oxolinic acid, and streptomycin in all the Fno analyzed. In all the phylogenetic trees the Fno strains clustered together in independent branches confirming a high degree of homogeneity. Interestingly in five of the 11 trees i.e., mutS, putA, rpoB, 16SrRNA-ITS-23SrRNA, and concatenated sequence the two Francisella noatunensis ssp. diverged more from each other than from the closely related Francisella philomiragia (Fp). The phenotypic and genetic characterization confirmed the Fno isolates represent a solid phylo-phenetic taxon that in the current context of the genus seems to be misplaced within the species Fn. We propose the use of the present polyphasic approach in future studies to characterize strains of Fnn and Fp and verify their current taxonomic rank of Fno and other aquatic Francisella spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- José G. Ramírez-Paredes
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Kim D. Thompson
- Aquaculture Research Group, Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Khalid Shahin
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Esteban Soto
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Randolph H. Richards
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Penman
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alexandra Adams
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
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Finethy R, Luoma S, Orench-Rivera N, Feeley EM, Haldar AK, Yamamoto M, Kanneganti TD, Kuehn MJ, Coers J. Inflammasome Activation by Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles Requires Guanylate Binding Proteins. mBio 2017; 8:e01188-17. [PMID: 28974614 DOI: 10.1128/mBio.01188-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is recognized by the noncanonical inflammasome protein caspase-11 in the cytosol of infected host cells and thereby prompts an inflammatory immune response linked to sepsis. Host guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) promote infection-induced caspase-11 activation in tissue culture models, and yet their in vivo role in LPS-mediated sepsis has remained unexplored. LPS can be released from lysed bacteria as “free” LPS aggregates or actively secreted by live bacteria as a component of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Here, we report that GBPs control inflammation and sepsis in mice injected with either free LPS or purified OMVs derived from Gram-negative Escherichia coli. In agreement with our observations from in vivo experiments, we demonstrate that macrophages lacking GBP2 expression fail to induce pyroptotic cell death and proinflammatory interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and IL-18 secretion when exposed to OMVs. We propose that in order to activate caspase-11 in vivo, GBPs control the processing of bacterium-derived OMVs by macrophages as well as the processing of circulating free LPS by as-yet-undetermined cell types. The bacterial cell wall component LPS is a strong inducer of inflammation and is responsible for much of the toxicity of Gram-negative bacteria. Bacteria shed some of their cell wall and its associated LPS in the form of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). Recent work demonstrated that secreted OMVs deliver LPS into the host cell cytosol by an unknown mechanism, resulting in the activation of the proinflammatory LPS sensor caspase-11. Here, we show that activation of cytosolic caspase-11 by OMVs requires additional host factors, the so-called guanylate binding proteins (GBPs). The discovery of GBPs as regulators of OMV-mediated inflammation paves the way toward a mechanistic understanding of the host response toward bacterial OMVs and may lead to effective strategies to ameliorate inflammation induced by bacterial infections.
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Urashima A, Sanou A, Yen H, Tobe T. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli produces outer membrane vesicles as an active defence system against antimicrobial peptide LL-37. Cell Microbiol 2017. [PMID: 28622430 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are important components of the innate immune system. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), a food-borne pathogen causing serious diarrheal diseases, must overcome attack by AMPs. Here, we show that resistance of EHEC against human cathelicidin LL-37, a primary AMP, was enhanced by butyrate, which has been shown to act as a stimulant for the expression of virulence genes. The increase of resistance depended on the activation of the ompT gene, which encodes the outer membrane protease OmpT for LL-37. The expression of the ompT gene was enhanced through the activation system for virulence genes. The increase in ompT expression did not result in an increase in OmpT protease in bacteria but in enhancement of the production of OmpT-loaded outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), which primarily contributed to the increase in LL-37-resistance. Furthermore, a sublethal dosage of LL-37 stimulated the production of OMVs. Finally, we showed that OMVs produced by OmpT-positive strains protect the OmpT-negative strain, which is susceptible to LL-37 by itself more efficiently than OMVs from the ompT mutant. These results indicate that EHEC enhances the secretion of OmpT-loaded OMVs in coordination with the activation of virulence genes during infection and blocks bacterial cell attack by LL-37.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Urashima
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayano Sanou
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hilo Yen
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toru Tobe
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Sinha R, Howlader DR, Ta A, Mitra S, Das S, Koley H. Retinoic acid pre-treatment down regulates V. cholerae outer membrane vesicles induced acute inflammation and enhances mucosal immunity. Vaccine 2017; 35:3534-3547. [PMID: 28545924 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles have been extensively investigated and considered as a next generation vaccine. Recently, we have demonstrated that the cholera pentavalent outer membrane vesicles (CPMVs) immunogen induced adaptive immunity and had a strong protective efficacy against the circulating V. cholerae strains in a mouse model. In this present study, we are mainly focusing on reducing outer membrane vesicle (OMV) -mediated toxicity without altering its antigenic property. Therefore, we have selected All-trans Retinoic Acid (ATRA), active metabolites of vitamin A, which have both anti-inflammatory and mucosal adjuvant properties. Pre-treatment of ATRA significantly reduced CPMVs induced TLR2 mediated pro-inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we also found ATRA pre-treatment significantly induced mucosal immune response and protective efficacy after two doses of oral immunization with CPMVs (75µg). This study can help to reduce OMV based vaccine toxicity and induce better protective immunity where children and men suffered from malnutrition mainly in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritam Sinha
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Debaki Ranjan Howlader
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Atri Ta
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Soma Mitra
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Santasabuj Das
- Division of Clinical Medicine, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | - Hemanta Koley
- Division of Bacteriology, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India.
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Mordukhovich G, Bahar O. Isolation of Outer Membrane Vesicles from Phytopathogenic Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2160. [PMID: 34458473 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria naturally release outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) to the surrounding environment. OMVs contribute to multiple processes, such as cell-cell communication, delivery of enzymes and toxins, resistance to environmental stresses and pathogenesis. Little is known about OMVs produced by plant-pathogenic bacteria, and their interactions with host plants. The protocol described below discusses the isolation process of OMVs from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris strain 33913, a bacterial pathogen of Crucifiers. Nevertheless, this protocol can be used and/or adapted for isolation of OMVs from other phytopathogenic bacteria to promote the study of OMVs in the context of plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gideon Mordukhovich
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel.,Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofir Bahar
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
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Bottero D, Gaillard ME, Zurita E, Moreno G, Martinez DS, Bartel E, Bravo S, Carriquiriborde F, Errea A, Castuma C, Rumbo M, Hozbor D. Characterization of the immune response induced by pertussis OMVs-based vaccine. Vaccine 2016; 34:3303-9. [PMID: 27151884 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
For the development of a third generation of pertussis vaccine that could improve the control of the disease, it was proposed that the immune responses induced by the classic whole cell vaccine (wP) or after infection should be used as a reference point. We have recently identified a vaccine candidate based on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) derived from the disease etiologic agent that have been shown to be safe and protective in mice model of infection. Here we characterized OMVs-mediated immunity and the safety of our new candidate. We also deepen the knowledge of the induced humoral response contribution in pertussis protection. Regarding the safety of the OMVs based vaccine (TdapOMVsBp,) the in vitro whole blood human assay here performed, showed that the low toxicity of OMVs-based vaccine previously detected in mice could be extended to human samples. Stimulation of splenocytes from immunized mice evidenced the presence of IFN-γ and IL-17-producing cells, indicated that OMVs induces both Th1 and Th17 response. Interestingly TdapOMVsBp-raised antibodies such as those induced by wP and commercial acellular vaccines (aP) which contribute to induce protection against Bordetella pertussis infection. As occurs with wP-induced antibodies, the TdapOMVsBp-induced serum antibodies efficiently opsonized B. pertussis. All the data here obtained shows that OMVs based vaccine is able to induce Th1/Th17 and Th2 mixed profile with robust humoral response involved in protection, positioning this candidate among the different possibilities to constitute the third generation of anti-pertussis vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bottero
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M E Gaillard
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - E Zurita
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - G Moreno
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - D Sabater Martinez
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - E Bartel
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - S Bravo
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - F Carriquiriborde
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - A Errea
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - C Castuma
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - M Rumbo
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, 47 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - D Hozbor
- Laboratorio VacSal, Instituto de Biotecnología y Biología Molecular (IBBM), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET La Plata, Calles 50 y 115, 1900 La Plata, Argentina.
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Chattopadhyay MK, Jagannadham MV. Corrigendum: Vesicles-mediated resistance to antibiotics in bacteria. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:974. [PMID: 26441907 PMCID: PMC4564652 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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