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Varma S, Thomas B, Subrahmanyam K, Duarte K, Alsaegh MA, Gopinath D, Kuriadom ST, Narayanan J, Desai VB, Khair AMB, Afrashtehfar KI. Salivary levels of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in periodontitis patients with and without acute myocardial infarction: implications for cardiovascular risk assessment. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2024; 5:1332980. [PMID: 38433948 PMCID: PMC10904480 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1332980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is initiated by a dysbiotic activity and furthermore leads to a chronic inflammatory response. The presence of pro-inflammatory markers plays an important role in the inflammatory load. Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are pro- inflammatory biomarkers that quantify clinical and subclinical inflammation in cardiac ischemia in cardiac inflammation and disease. Adiponectin is an anti-inflammatory marker associated with good health. The susceptibility of periodontitis patients to cardiovascular events needs to be evaluated. Objective This study aims to assess the levels of biomarkers in periodontitis patients with and without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) compared to controls. Material and methods Pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory analytes were examined by collecting unstimulated saliva from three groups (n = 20/each): healthy individuals, individuals with stage III periodontitis, and post-myocardial infarction patients with stage III periodontitis. The samples were collected within 48 h of AMI. Results Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in patients with periodontitis with and without AMI compared to controls, while CRP and MIP-1α were significantly higher in patients with periodontitis with and without AMI compared to controls. The highest titers for MIP-1α and CRP were detected among patients with periodontitis with and AMI. Conclusion Our study provides possible evidence of the association between periodontitis and salivary analytes that occur in tandem with cardiovascular disease. The lower levels of Adiponectin and higher levels of CRP and MIP-1α in patients with periodontitis indicate that this condition is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The findings emphasize the importance of early detection and intervention for periodontitis patients to prevent cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Varma
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Biju Thomas
- AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
| | - K. Subrahmanyam
- NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, India
- K.S. Hegde Hospital, Mangalore, India
| | - Kimberly Duarte
- AB Shetty Memorial Institute of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India
- K.S. Hegde Hospital, Mangalore, India
| | - Mohammed A. Alsaegh
- College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Divya Gopinath
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sam T. Kuriadom
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jayaraj Narayanan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vijay B. Desai
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Kelvin I. Afrashtehfar
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Medical School, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Orthodontics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Choi YH, Kim BS, Kang SS. Genomic DNA Extracted from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum Attenuates Porphyromonas gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-Induced Inflammatory Responses via Suppression of Toll-Like Receptor (TLR)-Mediated Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and Nuclear Factor-κB (NF-κB) Signaling Pathways. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:938-947. [PMID: 37701749 PMCID: PMC10493568 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to examine the inhibition of genomic DNA from Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LpDNA) on Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (PgLPS)-induced inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cells. Pretreatment with LpDNA for 15 h significantly inhibited PgLPS-induced mRNA expression and protein secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1. LpDNA pretreatment also reduced the mRNA expression of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4. Furthermore, LpDNA inhibited the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) induced by PgLPS. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that LpDNA attenuates PgLPS-induced inflammatory responses by regulating MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathways through the suppression of TLR2 and TLR4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Hyeon Choi
- Department of Food Science and
Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk
University, Goyang 10326, Korea
| | - Bong Sun Kim
- Division of Applied Food System, Major in
Food Science & Technology, Seoul Women’s
University, Seoul 01797, Korea
| | - Seok-Seong Kang
- Department of Food Science and
Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk
University, Goyang 10326, Korea
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3
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Jain A, Gupta S, Bhansali A, Gupta M, Jain A, Bhaskar N, Kaur RK. Impact of concurrent diabetes on periodontal health in patients with acromegaly. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19170. [PMID: 33154456 PMCID: PMC7645583 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested excess GH/IGF1 secretion in patients with acromegaly is protective for periodontal health. Diabetes is prevalent comorbidity in patients of acromegaly and is associated with worsening of periodontal disease. The present study evaluates the periodontal health and cytokines status in treatment-naive active acromegaly patients with and without diabetes. Eleven patients, each of acromegaly with and without diabetes and 20 healthy controls were enrolled. Periodontal parameters were assessed. GCF and blood samples for IL-6, TGF-β1, and PDGF were obtained. Serum GH, IGF1, HbA1c, pituitary hormones and MRI sella were performed in patients with acromegaly. There was no significant difference in periodontal status of patients with acromegaly and healthy controls. However, a significant increase in serum IL-6 (p = 0.019) and TGF-β1 (p = 0.025) levels in patients with acromegaly was observed and all patients had concurrent hypogonadism. Nevertheless, the patients with acromegaly having diabetes had modestly higher CAL and PD and serum IL-6 levels (p = 0.051), but it could not exert adverse effects on periodontal health in presence of GH/IGF1 excess. GH/IGF1 excess did not exert a protective effect on periodontal status in acromegaly, possibly due to concurrent hypogonadism and opposing cytokines; however, it could mask the ill-effects of diabetes on periodontal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Jain
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Shipra Gupta
- Unit of Periodontics, Oral Health Sciences Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mili Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Jain
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India.
| | - Nandini Bhaskar
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Rose Kanwaljeet Kaur
- Department of Periodontics, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Panjab University, Sector-25, Chandigarh, 160014, India
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Gonçalves Fernandes J, Morford LA, Harrison PL, Kompotiati T, Huang H, Aukhil I, Wallet SM, Macchion Shaddox L. Dysregulation of genes and microRNAs in localized aggressive periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1317-1325. [PMID: 32876337 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIM Previous data from our laboratory have demonstrated that localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) patients produce elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to TLR4 and TLR2 ligation compared to unrelated and periodontally healthy controls (HC). The aim of the present work is to evaluate the contribution of TLR-related gene expression and miRNA regulation in LAP disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from LAP and health control (HC) patients were isolated. Gene and miRNA expression involved in TLR signalling pathway and immunopathology were evaluated in unstimulated PBMCs by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS TICAM-1 (TRIF), FOS, IRAK1, TLR2 and CCL2 genes and the miRNAs miR-9-5p, miR-155-5p and 203a-3p, miR-147a, miR-182-5p and miR-183-5p were significantly up-regulated in LAP compared to HC. CONCLUSIONS Most of the genes and miRNAs overexpressed here are directly or indirectly related to immune response and inflammation. This profile supports our previous findings that suggests LAP patients have a "hyper-responsive" phenotype upon activation of TLR pathway by periodontal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jussara Gonçalves Fernandes
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Lorri Ann Morford
- Division of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Peter Lloyd Harrison
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Division of Periodontology, School of Dental Science, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Theodora Kompotiati
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon Margaret Wallet
- Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, The University of North Caroline, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Luciana Macchion Shaddox
- Department of Oral Health Practice, College of Dentistry, Center for Oral Health Research, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.,Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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5
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Shen Z, Kuang S, Zhang M, Huang X, Chen J, Guan M, Qin W, Xu HHK, Lin Z. Inhibition of CCL2 by bindarit alleviates diabetes-associated periodontitis by suppressing inflammatory monocyte infiltration and altering macrophage properties. Cell Mol Immunol 2020; 18:2224-2235. [PMID: 32678310 PMCID: PMC8429574 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0500-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-associated periodontitis (DP) aggravates diabetic complications and increases mortality from diabetes. DP is caused by diabetes-enhanced host immune-inflammatory responses to bacterial insult. In this study, we found that persistently elevated CCL2 levels in combination with proinflammatory monocyte infiltration of periodontal tissues were closely related to DP. Moreover, inhibition of CCL2 by oral administration of bindarit reduced alveolar bone loss and increased periodontal epithelial thickness by suppressing periodontal inflammation. Furthermore, bindarit suppressed the infiltration of proinflammatory monocytes and altered the inflammatory properties of macrophages in the diabetic periodontium. This finding provides a basis for the development of an effective therapeutic approach for treating DP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongshan Shen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhong Kuang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Andrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,The Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiayao Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiliang Guan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. .,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. .,University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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6
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Ksiazek K, Buraczynska M. Association between Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 -2518 (A/G) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Chronic Periodontitis in End-stage Renal Disease Patients - A Case-control Study. Immunol Invest 2019; 49:897-906. [PMID: 31847640 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2019.1702052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) plays an important role in the development of periodontitis. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate association of the MCP-1 gene polymorphism with chronic periodontitis in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). One hundred fifty ESRD patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 100 without CP and 190 healthy controls were included in this study. Genomic DNA from all participants was genotyped for the -2518 (A/G) polymorphism by a polymerase chain reaction - restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR--RFLP) assay. Significant differences were observed in the genotype and allele frequencies between patients with ESRD and CP and controls. The G allele frequency was significantly higher in patients than in control subjects, with odds ratio 1.77 (95 % CI 1.2-2.5), p = 0.0014. For the GG genotype the OR was 3.63 (95 % CI 1.5-8.76), p = 0.041. No significant differences in the polymorphism distribution were observed between ESRD patients without CP and control subjects. Comparison of the MCP-1 gene polymorphism distribution in ESRD patients with various primary diseases leading to ESRD did not show any significant differences. The mean MCP-1 serum levels were compared between subgroups. They were significantly higher in ESRD patients with CP (582 ± 112 pg/ml) than in patients without CP (309 ± 103 pg/ml) and controls (265 ± 85 pg/ml). Our results suggest that the MCP-1-2518 A/G polymorphism might be a novel risk factor for developing chronic periodontitis in patients with ESRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Ksiazek
- Department of Paedodontics, Medical University of Lublin , Lublin, Poland
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7
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Kaczyński T, Miskiewicz A, Górski B, Radkowski M, Strzemecki D, Kryczka T, Górska R. The influence of glycyrrhetinic acid (enoxolone) toothpaste on periodontal treatment outcomes and salivary levels of IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17, MCP-1 and VEGF in patients with chronic periodontitis. POSTEP HIG MED DOSW 2018. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.8133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates the influence of glycyrrhetinic acid (enoxolone) toothpaste on the results of scaling and root planing as well as salivary levels of IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17, MCP-1 and VEGF in patients with chronic periodontitis. Clinical parameters and biomarkers of periodontitis were assessed longitudinally to determine response to the therapy. A 3-month case-controlled study of adults with chronic periodontitis was performed, with 18 patients receiving scaling and root planing and enoxlone toothpaste (group A) and 18 with scaling and root planing with regular toothpaste (group B). Clinical measurements of periodontal disease were recorded and saliva samples were collected at week 0 and 12. Samples were analyzed for immune markers: Interleukin-8 (IL-8), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-17 (IL-17), Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein -1 (MCP-1) and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). All parameters of periodontal health improved significantly in both groups by week 12 (p<0.01) with no significant differences between groups. However, improvements in group A were greater than in group B. IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17, MCP-1 and VEGF levels decreased significantly from baseline (p<0.01) in group A only. Salivary levels of IL-8, TNF-α, IL-17, MCP-1 and VEGF seem to reflect disease severity and response to therapy, suggesting their potential utility for monitoring periodontal disease status. Greater improvements of periodontal parameters and significant reduction of salivary biomarkers’ levels suggest potential benefits of glycyrrhetinic acid toothpaste in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Kaczyński
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Miskiewicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Górski
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Radkowski
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Damian Strzemecki
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kryczka
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Renata Górska
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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8
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Nisha KJ, Suresh A, Anilkumar A, Padmanabhan S. MIP-1α and MCP-1 as salivary biomarkers in periodontal disease. Saudi Dent J 2018; 30:292-298. [PMID: 30202165 PMCID: PMC6128325 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Chemokines released by different host cells when exposed to the components of periodontopathic bacteria induce and maintain an inflammatory response in the periodontium. The aim of the study was to estimate the salivary levels of two chemokines, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) and monocyte chemo attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in health, gingivitis and periodontitis and to evaluate their role as reliable salivary biomarkers in discriminating gingivitis and periodontitis from health. Methods A cross sectional study was designed to estimate the levels of MIP-1α and MCP-1 in whole unstimulated saliva from 75 patients who were divided into healthy (Group 1, n = 25), gingivitis (Group 2, n = 25) and chronic generalized periodontitis (Group 3, n = 25). MIP-1α and MCP-1 levels were estimated by using ELISA and were correlated with clinical parameters. ROC curve analysis was done to determine the sensitivity and specificity of these biomarkers in distinguishing periodontal disease from health. Results Both the biomarkers were detected in all the saliva samples. There was a statistically significant difference in the concentration of both the analytes in Group 3 and Group 2 compared with Group 1 (p < 0.001). ROC curve analysis showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for MIP-1α and MCP-1 in discriminating periodontitis from health. For discriminating gingivitis from health, MIP-1α had a higher sensitivity and specificity (100% & 88% respectively) compared to MCP-1(84.1% & 80% respectively). Conclusion There is a substantial increase in the concentration of both MIP-1α and MCP-1 with increasing severity of periodontal disease. Both the analytes showed promising results as biomarkers for discriminating periodontal disease from health.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Nisha
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, EPIP Zone, Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066, India
| | - Aparnna Suresh
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, EPIP Zone, Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066, India
| | - A Anilkumar
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, EPIP Zone, Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066, India
| | - Shyam Padmanabhan
- Department of Periodontics, Vydehi Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, EPIP Zone, Whitefield, Bangalore, Karnataka 560066, India
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Association between monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 -2518 A/G gene polymorphism and the outcome of the nonsurgical periodontal treatment. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 117:191-196. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2017.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Raj SC, Panda SM, Dash M, Patnaik K, Mohanty D, Katti N, Mahapatra A, Mishra D, Praharaj K. Association of Human Interleukin-35 Level in Gingival Crevicular Fluid and Serum in Periodontal Health, Disease, and after Nonsurgical Therapy: A Comparative Study. Contemp Clin Dent 2018; 9:293-297. [PMID: 29875576 PMCID: PMC5968698 DOI: 10.4103/ccd.ccd_51_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Innovating newer methods to diagnose a multifactorial disease such as periodontitis is always challenging for a clinician. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) which is closely associated with the periodontal tissue environment has been used a viable alternative to saliva for the diagnosis of periodontitis. Aim: The aim of the present study was to estimate and compare the interleukin-35 (IL-35) levels in GCF and serum among healthy, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis (CP) individuals as well as to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal treatment (NSPT) on IL-35 level among patients with CP. Settings and Design: The study was conducted at the Department of Periodontics, Srirama Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India. It is a comparative study. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 participants were divided into healthy (Group I; n = 20), gingivitis (Group II; n = 20), and CP (Group IIIA; n = 20). GCF samples collected from each individual at baseline and 6 weeks after NSPT for Group III individuals (Group IIIB; n = 20) were quantified for IL-35 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical Analysis: All analyses were performed using Shapiro–Wilk test, analysis of variance, Tukey's honestly significant difference post hoc test, and multiple regression analysis. Results: The mean IL-35 concentration in GCF was significantly high (P < 0.05) for Group IIIA (70.26 ± 4.0 pg/ml), as compared to Group I (54.81 ± 22.3 pg/ml) and Group IIIB (55.72 ± 10.2 pg/ml). Conclusion: In the present study, GCF and serum IL-35 concentration among CP individuals was highest among all the groups. Individuals receiving NSPT showed a significant reduction in IL-35 levels as compared to CP individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subash Chandra Raj
- Department of Periodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | | | - Muktikesh Dash
- Department of Microbiology, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Kaushik Patnaik
- Department of Periodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Devapratim Mohanty
- Department of Periodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Neelima Katti
- Department of Periodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Annuroopa Mahapatra
- Department of Periodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Debasish Mishra
- Department of Periodontics, Kalinga Institute of Dental Science, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Kamdev Praharaj
- Department of Periodontics, Sriram Chandra Bhanja Dental College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
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11
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Anbalagan R, Srikanth P, Mani M, Barani R, Seshadri KG, Janarthanan R. Next generation sequencing of oral microbiota in Type 2 diabetes mellitus prior to and after neem stick usage and correlation with serum monocyte chemoattractant-1. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2017. [PMID: 28648853 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2017.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral microbiome impacts health and disease. T2DM and periodontitis are associated. Neem (Azadiracta indica) has antibacterial activity against oral microbiota. OBJECTIVES To characterize oral microbiota (OMB) in saliva samples of T2DM patients by Next generation sequencing. To analyze MCP-1 levels among the T2DM patients before and after a month of neem stick usage as a toothbrush. MATERIALS AND METHODS Blood and saliva samples were collected from adult T2DM patients before and after the neem stick usage. Metagenomic sequencing was performed on saliva samples targeting V6 region of 16s rRNA. Serum MCP-1 levels were determined using a quantitative sandwich Human MCP-1 standard ABTS development kit (Peprotech, USA). RESULTS The profile of oral microbiota of T2DM patients (n=24) consists of Streptococcus (95.8%) counts ranging from 2644 to 27,214, Veillonella (72.2%, counts 25-19,709, Neisseria (87.5%) 453-33,445), Rothia (63.6%, 233-6734), Actinomycetes (25%, 161-3730), Fusobacterium (21%, 2252-21,334), and Pigmentiphaga (12.5% 3-16,644). Oral microbiota in healthy controls (n=10), consists of Streptococcus (26.1%), Veillonella (21.9%), Neisseria (16.9%), Haemophilus (10.7%), Actinomycetes (2.6%), Rothia (3.1%), Oribacterium (1.7%). Post neem samples showed drastic reduction in the load of bacteria which was statistically significant. The mean serum MCP-1 before the use of neem stick was 265.18±79.44 (range 141.6-980.5pg/ml) and dropped to 33.6±7.35 after a month of neem stick usage (P value>0.001). CONCLUSION OMB of T2DM patients and healthy controls were similar, however bacterial loads were significantly higher in T2DM patients. Use of neem stick has a statistically significant reduction on bacterial loads and MCP-1 levels in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubini Anbalagan
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Padma Srikanth
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Monika Mani
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Barani
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishna G Seshadri
- Department of Endocrinology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Janarthanan
- Shrimpex Biotech Services Private Limited, Sholinganallur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Compromised inflammatory cytokine response to P. gingivalis LPS by fibroblasts from inflamed human gingiva. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:919-927. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Gunpinar S, Alptekin NO, Dundar N. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in patients with aggressive periodontitis. Oral Dis 2017; 23:763-769. [PMID: 28231622 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and whether GCF MCP-1 levels differ among localized (L) AgP and generalized (G) AgP. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 160 subjects including 80 AgP and 80 age- and gender-matched periodontally healthy (H) controls were recruited in this cross-sectional study (NCT02927704). GCF samples were collected from 160 patients including 50 LAgP, 30 GAgP, and 80 H. Volume of GCF was measured by Periotron 8000® , and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess MCP-1 levels. RESULTS Compared to H controls, all clinical parameters and total amounts (pg 30 s-1 ) of MCP-1 were significantly higher in subjects with LAgP and GAgP (P < 0.05). Although concentrations of GCF MCP-1 did not differ between LAgP and GAgP (P > 0.05), total amounts of MCP-1 were higher in GAgP than LAgP (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION It can be concluded that the total amount of MCP-1 level in GCF may be a potential determinant in AgP subjects. Increased MCP-1 levels in line with the degree of periodontal destruction in GAgP patients reveal that MCP-1 can be used to understand the disease pathogenesis of LAgP and GAgP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Gunpinar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
| | - N O Alptekin
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Dundar
- Research Center of Dental Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
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Tanaka H, Nakai K, Murakami F, Morita T, Yamazaki Y, Matsuike R, Shibata C, Nagasaki M, Kanda M, Tanabe N, Kawato T, Maeno M. Ligature-Induced Periodontitis Increased Insulin Resistance and Triglyceride Levels in Wistar Rats. J HARD TISSUE BIOL 2017. [DOI: 10.2485/jhtb.26.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Tanaka
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Kumiko Nakai
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | | | - Toyoko Morita
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- The Lion Foundation for Dental Health
| | | | | | | | | | - Mai Kanda
- Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry
| | - Natsuko Tanabe
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Department of Biochemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Takayuki Kawato
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Masao Maeno
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry
- Division of Functional Morphology, Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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Nogueira AVB, de Molon RS, Nokhbehsaim M, Deschner J, Cirelli JA. Contribution of biomechanical forces to inflammation-induced bone resorption. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 44:31-41. [PMID: 27716969 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of biomechanical loading to inflammation-induced tissue destruction. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 144 adult Holtzman rats were randomly assigned into four experimental groups: control (C), ligature-induced periodontal disease (P), orthodontic movement (OM), and combination group (OMP). On days 1, 3, 7, and 15, following baseline, nine animals from each experimental group were killed. Bone volume fraction (BVF) and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured using micro-computed tomography. Expression and synthesis profile of cytokines and receptors of inflammation in gingival tissues were evaluated by PCR array assay and multiplex immunoassay. RESULTS At 15 days, the OMP group presented a significantly (p < 0.05) lower BVF and BMD levels when compared to all the other groups. The OMP group presented the highest number of upregulated protein targets in comparison to the other groups. Furthermore, the gene expression and protein levels of CCL2, CCL3, IL-1β, IL1-α, IL-18, TNF-α, and VEGF were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the OMP group when compared to the P group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, mechanical loading modulates the inflammatory response of periodontal tissues to periodontal disease by increasing the expression of several pro-inflammatory mediators and receptors, which leads to increased bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Vilas Boas Nogueira
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafael Scaf de Molon
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marjan Nokhbehsaim
- Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - James Deschner
- Section of Experimental Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, Center of Dento-Maxillo-Facial Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Joni Augusto Cirelli
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry at Araraquara, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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D'Aiuto F, Orlandi M, Gunsolley JC. Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes. J Clin Periodontol 2016; 40 Suppl 14:S85-105. [PMID: 23627337 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence on the impact of periodontal treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) biomarkers and outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was performed in Cinhal, Cochrane, Embase and Medline for relevant articles up to July 2012. Duplicate screening and reference hand searching were performed. Data were then summarized and evidence graded in tables. RESULTS The search resulted in: (a) no evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis, serum levels of CD40 ligand, serum amyloid A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, (b) limited evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on arterial blood pressure, leucocyte counts, fibrinogen, tissue necrosis factor-α, sE-selectin, von Willebrand factors, d-dimers, matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative stress and CVD events, and (c) moderate evidence suggesting a negligible effect of periodontal therapy in reducing interleukin-6 and lipids levels, whilst a positive effect in reducing serum C-reactive protein levels and improving endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal therapy triggers a short-term inflammatory response followed by (a) a progressive and consistent reduction of systemic inflammation and (b) an improvement in endothelial function. There is however limited evidence that these acute and chronic changes will either increase or reduce CVD burden of individuals suffering from periodontitis in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK.
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D'Aiuto F, Orlandi M, Gunsolley JC. Evidence that periodontal treatment improves biomarkers and CVD outcomes. J Periodontol 2016; 84:S85-S105. [PMID: 23631587 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.134007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence on the impact of periodontal treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) biomarkers and outcomes. METHODS A systematic search was performed in Cinhal, Cochrane, Embase and Medline for relevant articles up to July 2012. Duplicate screening and reference hand searching were performed. Data were then summarized and evidence graded in tables. RESULTS The search resulted in: (a) no evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on subclinical atherosclerosis, serum levels of CD40 ligand, serum amyloid A and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, (b) limited evidence on the effects of periodontal therapy on arterial blood pressure, leucocyte counts, fibrinogen, tissue necrosis factor-a, sE-selectin, von Willebrand factors, d-dimers, matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative stress and CVD events, and (c) moderate evidence suggesting a negligible effect of periodontal therapy in reducing interleukin-6 and lipids levels, whilst a positive effect in reducing serum C-reactive protein levels and improving endothelial function. CONCLUSIONS Periodontal therapy triggers a short-term inflammatory response followed by (a) a progressive and consistent reduction of systemic inflammation and (b) an improvement in endothelial function. There is however limited evidence that these acute and chronic changes will either increase or reduce CVD burden of individuals suffering from periodontitis in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Clinical Research, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, UK.
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Increased Eotaxin and MCP-1 Levels in Serum from Individuals with Periodontitis and in Human Gingival Fibroblasts Exposed to Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134608. [PMID: 26241961 PMCID: PMC4524692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of tooth supporting tissues resulting in periodontal tissue destruction, which may ultimately lead to tooth loss. The disease is characterized by continuous leukocyte infiltration, likely mediated by local chemokine production but the pathogenic mechanisms are not fully elucidated. There are no reliable serologic biomarkers for the diagnosis of periodontitis, which is today based solely on the degree of local tissue destruction, and there is no available biological treatment tool. Prompted by the increasing interest in periodontitis and systemic inflammatory mediators we mapped serum cytokine and chemokine levels from periodontitis subjects and healthy controls. We used multivariate partial least squares (PLS) modeling and identified monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and eotaxin as clearly associated with periodontitis along with C-reactive protein (CRP), years of smoking and age, whereas the number of remaining teeth was associated with being healthy. Moreover, body mass index correlated significantly with serum MCP-1 and CRP, but not with eotaxin. We detected higher MCP-1 protein levels in inflamed gingival connective tissue compared to healthy but the eotaxin levels were undetectable. Primary human gingival fibroblasts displayed strongly increased expression of MCP-1 and eotaxin mRNA and protein when challenged with tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), key mediators of periodontal inflammation. We also demonstrated that the upregulated chemokine expression was dependent on the NF-κΒ pathway. In summary, we identify higher levels of CRP, eotaxin and MCP-1 in serum of periodontitis patients. This, together with our finding that both CRP and MCP-1 correlates with BMI points towards an increased systemic inflammatory load in patients with periodontitis and high BMI. Targeting eotaxin and MCP-1 in periodontitis may result in reduced leukocyte infiltration and inflammation in periodontitis and maybe prevent tooth loss.
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Impact of periodontitis on chemokines in smokers. Clin Oral Investig 2014; 19:979-86. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-014-1314-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Radhakrishnan P, Srikanth P, Seshadri KG, Barani R, Samanta M. Serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 is a biomarker in patients with diabetes and periodontitis. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2014; 18:505-510. [PMID: 25143907 PMCID: PMC4138906 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.137498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The role of serum Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) as a biomarker of periodontitis is well documented; however, its role in diabetic patients with periodontitis is unknown. AIM This study was conducted to determine the presence and concentration of serum MCP-1 in diabetic patients with and without periodontitis and correlate it glycemic status with periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult diabetic patients were enrolled and grouped into group I, II, and III based on their glycemic status and serum MCP-1 estimated by ELISA. Linear regression and correlation tests were performed using R statistical software, Medcalc software to observe correlation between the serum MCP-1 and glycated hemoglobin level among different groups. RESULTS Serum samples obtained from 37 patients tested positive for MCP-1. Mean serum MCP-1 concentration was highest (482.3 pg/ml) in group III, lowest (149.3 pg/ml) in group I, and intermediate 398.8 pg/ml in group II. Correlation and regression analysis was done between HbA1c and serum MCP-1. A significant positive correlation (P < 0.001) was observed. Serum MCP-1 increased by 37.278 pg/ml for every 1% rise in HbA1c, and the levels were raised in group II and group III than in group I irrespective of their glycemic status. With an HbA1c range of 6.5-6.9% (group II), the serum MCP-1 values cluster around 380-410 pg/ml. Elevated levels of serum MCP-1 (>500 pg/ml) in three subjects corresponded to HbA1c values more than 12.2% (group III). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study to document serum MCP-1 levels in diabetic patients with periodontitis. Glycemic status influences serum MCP-1, and lack of glycemic control contributes to increased serum MCP-1 levels. Serum MCP-1 may thus serve as a biomarker of inflammation and disease progression in diabetes with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preethi Radhakrishnan
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Padma Srikanth
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishna G. Seshadri
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Barani
- Department of Microbiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Maitreya Samanta
- Environmental Health Engineering, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra University, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kumari M, Pradeep AR, Priyanka N, Kalra N, Naik SB. Crevicular and serum levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-4 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in periodontal health and disease. Arch Oral Biol 2014; 59:645-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 03/19/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Anil S, Preethanath RS, Alasqah M, Mokeem SA, Anand PS. Increased levels of serum and gingival crevicular fluid monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in smokers with periodontitis. J Periodontol 2013; 84:e23-8. [PMID: 23368946 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.120666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smoking alters the host response, including vascular function, neutrophil/monocyte activities, adhesion molecule expression, antibody production, and cytokine and inflammatory mediator release. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is involved in the activation and recruitment of inflammatory and immune cells to infected sites, thereby mediating a variety of pathophysiologic conditions. Estimation of serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) MCP levels could be a reliable indicator of periodontal disease activity. Hence, the objective of this study is to analyze the serum and GCF MCP-1 levels of smokers and never-smokers with periodontitis and compare them with those in periodontally healthy individuals. METHODS A total of 90 participants (30 periodontally healthy individuals, 30 non-smoking individuals with periodontitis, and 30 smokers with periodontitis) formed the study group. Serum and GCF samples were collected, and MCP-1 levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Mean MCP-1 levels in serum and GCF were found to be highest in smokers with periodontitis, followed by the periodontitis group, and then by the healthy controls. The values were statistically significant (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that the high levels of both serum and GCF MCP-1 found in smokers could explain the severity of periodontitis in smokers. More longitudinal, prospective studies will help to verify the observations of the present study. Further research in this direction could reveal reliable markers to forecast the progression of periodontitis in high-risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Gupta M, Chaturvedi R, Jain A. Role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) as an immune-diagnostic biomarker in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontal disease. Cytokine 2013; 61:892-7. [PMID: 23375122 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2012.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 12/06/2012] [Accepted: 12/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is an important chemokine responsible for the initiation, regulation and mobilization of monocytes to the active sites of severe periodontal inflammation. The present study aims at evaluating the levels of MCP-1 in GCF, saliva and serum and to analyze the changes following phase I periodontal therapy. Assessment of possible correlations between levels of MCP-1 in the three biological fluids was also done. METHODS Fifteen healthy and 30 patients of severe chronic periodontitis (diseased) participated in the study. Patients of the diseased group underwent scaling/root planing. Evaluation of PI, GI, PD, CAL and collection of samples of GCF, serum and saliva was done at baseline and 6 weeks following periodontal therapy. MCP-1 levels were quantified in all samples using ELISA. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, MCP-1 levels were statistically significantly higher in GCF (p<0.001), saliva (p=0.002) and serum (p<0.001) in subjects with chronic periodontitis. Levels of MCP-1 in all the three fluids decreased significantly in patients after periodontal therapy (p<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between MCP-1 levels in GCF, saliva and serum in patients of chronic periodontitis both pre (r>0.9) and post-treatment (r>0.6). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that levels of MCP-1 in GCF and saliva can be reliable indicators of severity of periodontal destruction and their serum levels reflect the systemic impact of this local inflammatory disease thereby strengthening the reciprocal oro-systemic association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mili Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, Dr. Harvansh Singh Judge, Institute of Dental Sciences & Hospital, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
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Role of CCR2 in orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2012; 141:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2011] [Revised: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/01/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Nakamura K, Deyama Y, Yoshimura Y, Suzuki K, Morita M. Toll like receptor 5 ligand induces monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in mouse osteoblastic cells. Biomed Res 2012; 33:39-44. [DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.33.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Buduneli N, Kinane DF. Host-derived diagnostic markers related to soft tissue destruction and bone degradation in periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38 Suppl 11:85-105. [PMID: 21323706 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major challenge in clinical periodontics is to find a reliable molecular marker of periodontal tissue destruction with high sensitivity, specificity and utility. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate available literature on 'the utility of molecular markers of soft and hard periodontal tissue destruction'. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the focused question, 'What is the utility of molecular markers of soft and hard periodontal tissue destruction', an electronic and manual search was conducted for human studies presenting clinical data for the potential of molecular markers of tissue destruction in biofluids; gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum. RESULTS Papers fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected. All relevant data from the selected papers were extracted and recorded in separate tables for molecules in GCF, saliva, and serum. CONCLUSION Within the defined limits of the Problem/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, the present analysis reveals that (a) no single or combination of markers exists that can disclose periodontal tissue destruction adequately; (b) while the most fruitful source of biomarkers for periodontal destruction appears to be in molecules tightly related to bone and soft tissue destruction, this remains to be objectively demonstrated. Currently, clinical measurements are still the most reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
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Barros SP, Arce RM, Galloway P, Lawter R, Offenbacher S. Therapeutic effect of a topical CCR2 antagonist on induced alveolar bone loss in mice. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:246-51. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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